Pentoxifylline solution. Complete instructions for the use of pentoxifylline

In diseases caused by disorders of the circulatory system, a course of Pentoxifylline is prescribed. According to the instructions for use of the drug, intravenous and intra-arterial administration of an angioprotector is indicated in the acute and severe phase of various pathologies. The drug from the line of antispasmodics enhances blood microcirculation due to vasodilation, its saturation with oxygen.

The main characteristics of the drug

The official name of the drug	Pentoxifylline. Synthetic active substance is a derivative of dimethylxanthine
Pharmacotherapeutic group	Belongs to the line of peripheral vasodilators - drugs that have an expanding effect on the area of vascular smooth muscle
In what form is Pentoxifylline produced?	Tablets with a dosage of 100, as well as 400 mg Tablets with a dosage of 400, as well as 600 mg, with prolonged action Ampoules with a dosage of 5 ml with a solution for injection
Purpose of Pentoxifylline	The action of the drug is based on the inhibition (slowdown) of phosphodiesterase during the accumulation of cyclic AMP (a group of enzymes) in the cell mass of the smooth muscles of the vessels penetrating the tissues of human organs

An important result of the use of Pentoxifylline, as an angioprotector, is the inhibition of platelet aggregation, which contributes to blood thinning and improvement of its rheological properties.

Due to a weak myotropic effect and a slight expansion of the coronary vessels, Pentoxifylline enriches the tissues of organs with oxygen. In severe form of the disease, as well as the acute phase of the disease, the use of the drug in ampoules is recommended.

Instructions: features of the action of a vasodilator

Pharmacology: how the drug acts on the body

Pentoxifylline is part of the hemorheological group of drugs that restore the plasticity of erythrocytes, which improves the saturation of blood vessels with them. The result is the restoration of blood circulation in tissue structures, which is necessary for symptoms of hypoxia.
The instruction informs that during treatment with Pentoxifylline, the threat of aggregation (gluing) of erythrocytes is reduced, which increases the blood supply to organs due to the free penetration of cells into the space of the extravascular bed. Intravenous administration increases blood volume without changing heart rate.
Due to the antianginal effect of the drug, there is an increase in the lumen of the coronary arteries, which enhances the saturation of the myocardium with oxygen. The influx of oxygen into the blood (oxygenation) is realized by expanding the pulmonary vessels, increasing the tone of the respiratory muscles, the diaphragm.
Pentoxifylline, administered intravenously, affects the function of collateral circulation, increasing the throughput of the bypass branches of blood vessels (collaterals). According to the instructions, the appointment of the drug helps to increase the bioenergetic activity of the nervous system and brain performance by reducing blood viscosity.
The introduction of Pentoxifylline intravenously with lesions of the arteries of the extremities contributes to the restoration of peripheral circulation. The result is relief from pain and cramps in the area of the calf muscles, an increase in the distance traveled when walking in patients suffering from intermittent claudication.

Important! The instruction warns against the inadmissibility of self-medication with Pentoxifylline tablets. The introduction of the solution intravenously or intra-arterially is associated with certain features. Therefore, the procedure should be performed by a health worker according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor.

Pharmacokinetics: what happens to the drug in the body

Suction. Due to its good penetrating ability, the active substance is completely absorbed. The instruction reports that the Pentoxifylline solution for injection, when administered intravenously, begins to act faster.
Distribution. After taking the tablets, the transformation of dimethylxanthine occurs in the liver with the formation of the main metabolites. Four hours later, Pentoxifylline, administered intravenously, reaches its maximum concentration in blood plasma, maintaining therapeutic activity during the day.
Excretion of dimethylxanthine is carried out by the kidneys, a small part of the drug is evacuated by the intestines. Intravenous administration of the drug reduces the half-life of the substance to 30 minutes. With the appointment of Pentoxifylline during the lactation period, its traces are found in breast milk.

What diseases are angioprotector prescribed for?

The use of Pentoxifylline is relevant in the treatment of diseases associated with impaired peripheral circulation. The instruction recommends including the drug in the treatment regimen for the following pathologies:

obliterating endarteritis;
symptoms of progression of coronary heart disease;
signs of cerebrovascular accident (acute as well as chronic);
problems with hearing and vision due to vascular pathologies;
in case of atherosclerotic, dyscirculatory encephalopathies;
with the development of ischemic (cerebral) stroke;
after trophic disorders of the tissue cover against the background of microcirculation problems (the consequences of thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers, gangrene, frostbite);
development of diabetic angiopathy, angioneuropathy (symptoms of Raynaud's disease).

From the instructions it is known that after intravenous administration of a solution of Pentoxifylline, the saturation of organs with blood improves due to its dilution. The drug has a fairly wide range of applications, due to the ability of dimethylxanthine to dilate blood vessels, the drug helps to increase ventilation of the lungs. Therefore, it is included in the treatment regimen for bronchial asthma, as well as obstructive bronchitis.

The effect on peripheral vascular tone explains the connection of Pentoxifylline to the treatment of vascular impotence, algomenorrhea, the threat of miscarriage, and muscular dystrophy.

When is angioprotective therapy contraindicated?

As for any medication, the instructions for Pentoxifylline stipulate a number of situations when the use of the drug is contraindicated:

in the presence of hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives;
during the acute stage of myocardial infarction or hemorrhagic stroke;
with obvious symptoms of atherosclerosis of a cerebral or coronary nature;
in case of extensive bleeding, porphyria;
with serious violations of the heart rhythm, uncontrolled hypertension.

The instruction warns that any form of release of the drug is not prescribed to children under the age of 18, as well as to women during pregnancy and lactation. However, with a lack of blood supply to the placenta, treatment with Pentoxifylline in special cases is provided under the supervision of a physician. Preference is given to the use of a dropper, as the most gentle form of intravenous drug administration.

Methods of using the drug

oral intake

Guided by the information given in the instructions, the medicine in tablets is taken orally after meals for 1-3 months. Treatment begins with a daily dose of 600 mg, dividing it into three doses, two tablets at a time, the daily dose limit is no more than 1200 mg. After achieving positive results of treatment, the dosage is gradually reduced, taking one tablet three times a day. Oral therapy is designed for a month.

Parenteral application

Intended for injection Pentoxifylline is packaged in ampoules containing 5 ml of treatment solution. The powder of the active substance is dissolved in water with the addition of sodium chloride. According to the instructions, the introduction of an antispasmodic to a patient in the supine position can be performed by several methods with the complex development of cerebrovascular or angiopathic pathologies.

Intravenously, the drug is administered by drip, dissolving one ampoule of Pentoxifylline in a 250 ml container with a sodium chloride solution, which can be replaced with a glucose solution if necessary. Drip administration of the drug solution should take place slowly - one and a half to two hours. If the procedure is well tolerated, the volume of the daily dose is increased to 300 mg.
Parenterally, you can enter the drug directly into the artery, starting with a dose of 100 mg of the substance in a solution of sodium chloride (50 ml). In accordance with the indications, the dose of the following injections is increased to 200-300 mg (10-15 ml), the volume of the solvent is up to 50 ml. For 10 minutes, 5 ml of a solution of Pentoxifylline 2% concentration (100 mg) is injected.

Important! The instruction recommends monitoring the rate of receipt of the vasodilator so that it does not exceed 100 mg of the solution received by the patient within an hour. In other words, in 60 minutes, one ampoule should be introduced into the patient's body.

When choosing an intramuscular method of drug delivery, injections are given three times a day. For one injection, 100-200 mg of the active substance is required, it should be injected deep into the muscle tissue. Parenteral use of Pentoxifylline can be supplemented by taking tablets, but without exceeding the daily dose. The duration of the therapeutic course and the volume of the daily dosage are set by the doctor, focusing on the individual characteristics of the patient's health, taking into account the severity of the clinical symptoms of the diagnosed pathology.

Side effects of Pentoxifylline injections

The nervous system can signal a headache with dizziness, the development of convulsive and anxiety syndromes.
The skin of the face is able to respond with hyperemia, flushing, the development of swelling of the whole body, as well as brittle nails.
The problems of the digestive system are indicated by symptoms of exacerbation of gastric diseases, problems with the intestines, weight loss.
Failures in the work of the cardiovascular system are manifested by heart rhythm disturbances, a decrease in blood pressure, and the progress of angina pectoris.
Allergy manifestations, visual defects, changes in laboratory blood tests (liver tests, etc.) are not excluded.

The use of Pentoxifylline for the treatment of operated patients, as well as patients with erosive pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, should be continuously monitored to eliminate the risk of internal bleeding. A feature of intravenous therapy in the elderly is the use of small doses after checking the compatibility of the drug with other drugs.

Additional information from the instructions

Special instructions for use	Caution requires the appointment of injections with low blood pressure During the use of Pentoxifylline, it is necessary to control blood pressure With the introduction of dimethylxanthine in conjunction with taking anticoagulants, it is important to monitor the parameters of blood clotting
Actions in case of overdose	Immediately rinse the digestive tract, take enterosorbents. Further treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms, bleeding requires a prompt response.
Terms of interaction between drugs	Pentoxifylline (intravenously) enhances the effect of anticoagulants, thrombolytics, antibiotics Accelerates the action of drugs to reduce pressure, antidiabetic drugs Interaction with Cimetidine leads to an increase in the stable concentration of Pentoxifylline in the blood.

The drug is available without a prescription, but the use of the drug should be agreed with the doctor. In the absence of Pentoxifylline, in the pharmacy network, you can pick up an analogue of the drug. Suitable for injection drugs Trental and Agapurin, produced in 5 ml ampoules and dragee form. The drug Vasonite is produced only in tablets containing 600 mg of the active substance.

Being engaged in bodybuilding, athletes use Pentoxifylline to enhance the blood supply to tissue structures. Half an hour after taking the medicine, it is possible to achieve a powerful pumping that lasts more than one hour. However, one should not forget about medical supervision due to the threat of side effects.

Pentoxifylline is a modern effective means that improves microcirculation, an angioprotector and a derivative of dimethylxanthine.

Composition and form of release

Pentoxifylline is a synthetic drug, and is available in the form:
1. Pink coated tablets of 100 and 400 mg. The package contains 20 and 60 pieces.
2. Dragee 100 and 400 mg. The package contains 20 and 60 pieces.
3. Long-acting tablets of 400 and 600 mg, enteric-coated, with a division line - the package contains 50 pieces.
4. Ampoule with solution for injection. 1 ml of solution contains:

pentoxifylline - 20 mg;
sodium chloride - 90 mg;
water - up to 1 ml.

Available in ampoules of 5 ml. The package contains 5 ampoules.

pharmachologic effect

Pentoxifylline belongs to a new pharmacological group of drugs - the group of hemorheological agents. The drug helps to restore the plasticity of erythrocytes, reduces their deformation, which increases their ability to penetrate into vessels, especially with a narrow lumen. This property of Pentoxifylline leads to an improvement in microcirculation in tissues, which plays a positive role in hypoxia. The drug reduces the aggregation of red blood cells, which allows them to easily penetrate into the extravascular bed, and increase the blood supply to the organs.

The agent lowers blood viscosity, causing platelet disaggregation. As a result of this, the stroke and minute volumes of blood increase, without changing the indicators of the heart rate. The expansion of the coronary arteries allows you to increase the delivery of oxygen to the myocardium, the expansion of the vessels of the lungs - to improve the filling of blood with oxygen. The tool is able to increase the tone of the respiratory muscles and diaphragm.

Under the action of Pentoxifylline, collateral circulation increases, the volume of blood flowing through the collaterals increases.

The tool increases the concentration of ATP in the brain, helps to improve blood supply in disturbed areas - for example, with ischemic stroke. The drug has a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, its functions.

With damage to the peripheral arteries, the use of this pharmacological agent leads to an increase in walking distances in diseases such as obliterating endarteritis.

A preliminary consultation with a doctor is required before taking the drug, self-medication is unacceptable.

Pharmacokinetics

Pentoxifylline has a good penetrating ability through the blood-brain barrier. With intravenous use, the half-life is about half an hour. When taken orally, the drug is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is transformed mainly in the liver, where the main metabolites of dimethylxanthine are formed. In plasma, the maximum concentration can be reached within four hours after administration, which remains at the therapeutic level for a day. The drug is excreted mainly by the kidneys (up to 95%), the excretion of the drug through the intestines is negligible. In women who are breastfeeding, the drug is excreted in breast milk.

The excretion of pentoxifylline slows down in patients with severe kidney and liver diseases, and in the elderly.

Indications for use

Currently, Pentoxifylline, as a very effective drug, is used to treat many diseases. The purpose of this drug is for diseases such as:

atherosclerotic encephalopathy;
arterial hypertension ;
cerebrovascular insufficiency;
bronchial asthma;
ischemic stroke;
encephalopathy;
angioneuropathy (Raynaud's disease);
obstructive bronchitis ;
diabetic nephroangiopathy;
disorders of tissue trophism;
functional disorders of the middle and inner ear;
intestinal dyskinesia;
algomenorrhea;
post-thrombophlebitic syndrome;
circulatory disorders of the eye;
threatened miscarriage;
vascular impotence;
peripheral circulatory disorders;
trophic ulcers;
pylorospasm;
muscular dystrophy;
cholecystitis;
spasms of smooth muscles;
gangrene, frostbite.

Instructions for use

Dosage regimen and methods of administration: tablets, injections, dropper

The drug is taken orally and parenterally, depending on the severity of the disease.

When taken orally, tablets with a dosage of 100 mg are used. Start taking, mainly, with a dose of 200 mg - 2 tablets 3 times a day after meals. Then, upon reaching a therapeutic effect, the dose is reduced, and continue to take one tablet three times a day. The course of treatment with a tablet preparation lasts a month.

In acute and severe diseases of the internal organs, pentoxifylline is prescribed in ampoules. There are two methods of drug administration: intra-arterial and intravenous.

The drug is administered intravenously in the form of a dropper. One ampoule is used per 250 ml of sodium chloride solution, or glucose solution. This dose is administered over one and a half to two hours, slowly.

The daily dose can be increased with good tolerance up to 0.2-0.3 g (according to indications).

Intra-arterially, they begin to administer with a dose of 0.1 g of the drug per 50 ml of sodium chloride solution, then - 0.2-0.3 g each.

Inject the solution slowly over 10 minutes. 10 injections are used per course.

Overdose, help

An overdose of the drug is expressed in the appearance of the following symptoms:

weakness in the whole body;
vomiting like "coffee grounds";

There may also be phenomena such as fainting, impaired respiratory function, anaphylactic shock. They require the provision of a complex of urgent medical care.

Overdose treatment begins with gastric lavage, the introduction of activated charcoal inside, the restoration of respiratory function and the normalization of blood pressure. In case of formidable complications, when professional help is required, it is obligatory to call an ambulance doctor. In this case, the administration of adrenaline is appropriate. With vomiting, assistance is provided in the form of a complex of urgent measures to stop gastric bleeding.

drug interaction

Pentoxifylline tends to enhance the effect of blood pressure lowering drugs, as well as drugs intended for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, insulin, if used in high doses. The hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents may be enhanced by Pentoxifylline: there is a possibility of hypoglycemic coma. Therefore, when taking these drugs at the same time, care should be taken, even reducing the dose of hypoglycemic agents.

Simultaneous use with meloxicam and ketorolac increases the possibility of bleeding. In this case, an increase in the prothrombin index is inevitable. When interacting with agents such as ganglion blockers and vasodilators, a decrease in blood pressure is possible. If Pentoxifylline is taken together with heparin and other fibrinolytic drugs, then an increase in the anticoagulant effect can be achieved.

In recent years, new areas in the use of Pentoxifylline have been explored. Currently, the positive effect of the treatment with this drug of a disease such as acute alcoholic hepatitis has been proven.

special instructions

Pentoxifylline should be used with caution in low blood pressure, bleeding tendency, duodenal ulcer, heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias.

Under the supervision of a doctor, the drug is indicated for severe violations of the functions of the kidneys and liver, when taking antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic agents, insulin. In these cases, adjustment of the doses of the main drugs is required.

During the period of use of this pharmacological agent, regular monitoring of blood pressure levels is necessary.

When used together with anticoagulants, monitoring of the parameters of the blood coagulation system is required.

It is advisable for older people to use small doses of the drug.
Smoking tends to reduce the effectiveness of the treatment.

When using a solution for intravenous infusion, it is necessary to check compatibility with other drugs each time. The patient should take the dropper in the supine position, with a slow rate of administration.

Use in the elderly and children

Elderly people are prescribed the drug in reduced dosages. Start taking with normal doses, and when a therapeutic effect is achieved, as a rule, reduce the dose.

Children under 18 years of age should refrain from using Pentoxifylline.

Pentoxifylline in bodybuilding

Among the various pharmacological preparations that can be used in bodybuilding, Pentoxifylline occupies a significant place. This drug improves tissue blood circulation, has a pronounced positive effect, which manifests itself 30 minutes after taking. The reviews of people who used the drug for these purposes speak of a powerful pumping that lasted several hours. But do not forget that the drug has side effects. In this regard, the use of Pentoxifylline by athletes should only be under medical supervision.

Drug analogues

Pentoxifylline is a drug that goes by many names. Its effect on the body remains unchanged.

Analogues of Pentoxifylline are:

Agapurin: in dragee 100 mg; solution for injections of 100 mg in ampoules of 5 ml.
Vasonite: 600 mg film-coated tablets.
Trental: in dragee 100 mg and 400 mg; tablets of 100 mg; solution for injections of 100 mg in ampoules of 5 ml.

Trental

Trental is the original drug. Produced in pills. As a rule, the drug is prescribed for encephalopathies of various origins, in the presence of ischemic stroke, vascular disorders, and many other diseases.

Its use in otoneurology is interesting. Many patients with circulatory disorders in the vertebrobasilar system are prescribed Trental. So, for example, as a result of a study in which 60 people took part, a positive effect of using Trental in diseases of the hearing organs was revealed. It has also been shown to be effective for sensory hearing loss and other vascular lesions of the hearing aid. Due to its effectiveness, Trental is recognized as a modern universal drug. It is easily tolerated by most patients, affordable, and easy to use.

Agapurin

The solution of Agapurin contains 20 mg of pentoxifylline per 1 ml, the tablets contain either 100 mg or 400 mg of the active substance. Agapurine is a complete analogue of Pentoxifylline. Indications and contraindications are identical with the last drug.

Agapurin is taken orally, starting with one tablet three times a day. With a drop in blood pressure, the dose is reduced to one tablet 2 times a day. The course of treatment averages 20 days.

In the form of injections, the drug is used intravenously, intra-arterially, as well as in the form of infusions, stream or drip.

At the beginning of treatment with Agapurin, one ampoule is used, which is mixed with 50 ml of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution. With long-term treatment, the dose can be increased to 200-300 mg. The rate of administration of the dose of Agapurin is an average of 10 minutes. The course takes 10-12 droppers daily, or every other day.

The price of the drug is from 90 to 137 rubles. Producer - Zentiva AC, Czech Republic.

Vasonite

Vasonite is an analogue of Pentoxifylline, produced by SCHWARTZ PHARMA AG.

The main form of release are long-acting tablets, in a white shell, with a separating notch on both sides. One tablet contains 600 mg of the active ingredient - pentoxifylline.

Vasonite improves the supply of tissues with blood and oxygen in disturbed areas, namely in the brain, central nervous system, lower extremities and other areas. It has the property of dilating the coronary vessels.

The drug is prescribed one tablet 2 times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
Tablets should be taken after meals with a small amount of water.
They have the same side effects as Pentoxifylline.
The price of the drug is quite high - about 330 rubles.
The shelf life is 5 years.

Pentoxifylline price

The price of the drug and its analogues depend on the manufacturer, dosage and form of release. On average, the price of the domestic drug Pentoxifylline ranges from 33 to 72 rubles.

The price of Trental ranges from 157 to 319 rubles, Agapurin costs from 90 to 137 rubles.

Release form: Solid dosage forms. Tablets.

General characteristics. Compound:

Active substance: pentoxifylline (in terms of 100% substance) - 100 mg;
excipients: stearic acid, potato starch, water-soluble methylcellulose, lactose (milk sugar), povidone (low-molecular medical polyvinylpyrrolidone).

The composition of the shell: cellacephate (acetylphthalylcellulose), titanium dioxide, castor oil, liquid paraffin (vaseline oil), azorubine (acid red 2 C), talc, beeswax;
Description: Tablets, enteric-coated pink, round biconvex.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Pentoxifylline improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood, has a vasodilating effect, blocks phosphodiesterase and promotes the accumulation of cAMP in cells. Pentoxifylline inhibits the aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes, increases their elasticity, reduces the level of fibrinogen in plasma and enhances fibriolysis, which reduces blood viscosity and improves its rheological properties. It has a weak myotropic, vasodilating effect, Pentoxifylline somewhat reduces the total peripheral resistance and slightly dilates the coronary vessels. In general, Pentoxifylline causes an improvement in microcirculation and tissue oxygen supply in the brain and limbs, and to a lesser extent in the kidneys.

Pharmacokinetics. After oral administration, Pentoxifylline is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The drug undergoes a "first pass" through the liver with the formation of 2 main pharmacologically active metabolites: 1-5-hydroxyhexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine (metabolite I) and 1-3-carboxypropyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine (metabolite V). The concentration of metabolite I and V in plasma, respectively, is 5 and 8 times higher than that of pentoxifylline. The time to reach maximum concentration is 1 hour. The half-life is 0.5 - 1.5 hours. Pentoxifylline is excreted mainly by the kidneys - 94% in the form of metabolites (mainly metabolite V), by the intestines - 4%, up to 90% of the dose is excreted in the first 4 hours. It is allocated with breast milk. In severe renal impairment, the excretion of metabolites is slowed down. In case of impaired liver function, there is a prolongation of the half-life and an increase in bioavailability.

Indications for use:

Violation of peripheral circulation caused by atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus (diabetic angiopathy);
- acute and chronic disorders of cerebral circulation of ischemic origin;
- atherosclerotic and discirculatory; angiopathy (paresthesia, Raynaud's disease);
- trophic tissue disorders due to impaired arterial or venous microcirculation (trophic ulcers, post-thrombophlebic syndrome, frostbite, gangrene);
- ;
- acute, subacute and chronic circulatory failure in the retina or choroid;
- Hearing impairment of vascular origin.

Important! Get to know the treatment

Dosage and administration:

Pentoxifylline is taken orally after meals. The tablets are coated with a special coating that is soluble in the intestine, so they are swallowed whole with a small amount of water. Take 200 mg (2 tablets) 3 times a day. If necessary, the dose is gradually increased to 1200 mg per day, divided into 2-3 doses. The maximum daily dose is 1200 mg. The course of treatment is 1-3 months. In patients with chronic renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min), the dose is halved. The duration of treatment and the dosage regimen with Pentoxifylline are set by the attending physician individually, depending on the clinical picture of the disease and the resulting therapeutic effect.

Application Features:

Patients with severe impaired renal function while taking Pentoxifylline need especially careful medical supervision. In the event that during the period of use of the drug, patients experience retinal hemorrhages, the drug is immediately canceled. Treatment should be carried out under the control of blood pressure. In diabetic patients taking hypoglycemic agents, the appointment of large doses can cause hypoglycemia (dose adjustment is required). When administered simultaneously with anticoagulants, it is necessary to carefully monitor the indicators of the blood coagulation system. In patients who have undergone recent surgery, systematic monitoring of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is necessary. In the elderly, dose reduction may be required (increase in bioavailability and decrease in excretion rate). Smoking may reduce the therapeutic efficacy of the drug.

Side effects:

From the side of the central nervous system:,; anxiety, ; .
- on the part of the skin and subcutaneous fat: hyperemia of the skin of the face, "flushing" of blood to the skin of the face and upper chest, increased.
- from the digestive system: dry mouth, decreased appetite, exacerbation,.
- on the part of the senses: visual impairment,.
- from the side of the cardiovascular system: progression, decrease in blood pressure.
- on the part of the hematopoietic organs and the hemostasis system:, pancytopenia,; from the vessels of the skin, mucous membranes, stomach, intestines.
- allergic reactions: itching, skin hyperemia, angioedema,.
- laboratory indicators: increased activity of "liver" transaminases (ALT, AST, LDH) and alkaline phosphatase.

Interaction with other drugs:

Pentoxifylline enhances the effect of heparin, fibrinolytic drugs, theophylline, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic agents (both insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents). Pentoxifylline can enhance the effect of drugs that affect the blood coagulation system (indirect and direct anticoagulants, thrombolytics), antibiotics (including cephalosporins - cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefotetan), valproic acid. Cimetidine increases the concentration of pentoxifylline in the blood plasma (risk of side effects). Co-administration with other xanthines can lead to excessive nervous excitement in patients.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to pentoxifylline, other methylxanthine derivatives or other ingredients of the finished dosage form, massive bleeding, retinal hemorrhage, acute, severe coronary or cerebral, severe cardiac arrhythmias, pregnancy, lactation, age up to 18 years (efficacy and safety not installed).

With caution: the drug is prescribed to patients with atherosclerosis of the cerebral and / or coronary vessels, especially in cases of cardiac arrhythmias,. Care should also be taken when prescribing Pentoxifylline to patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, patients who have recently undergone surgery (risk of bleeding). In patients with labile blood pressure and with a tendency to arterial hypotension and in patients with severe renal dysfunction, the dose is increased gradually and selected individually.

Overdose:

Symptoms: dizziness, tachycardia, pronounced decrease in blood pressure, redness of the skin, fever (chills), areflexia, tonic-clonic convulsions, "coffee grounds", arrhythmias, loss of consciousness. If the above disorders occur, the patient should immediately consult a doctor.

Treatment: symptomatic. Particular attention should be paid to maintaining blood pressure and respiratory function. Convulsions are removed by the introduction of diazepam. Urgent measures in the event of severe anaphylactic reactions (shock): - when the first signs appear (sweating, nausea, cyanosis), immediately stop taking the drug; - in addition to other necessary measures, provide a lower position of the head and upper body and provide freedom for breathing; - urgent medical measures: administer intravenous epinephrine (adrenaline). If necessary, the introduction of epinephrine can be repeated.

Storage conditions:

List B. In a dry, dark place, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Keep away from children. Shelf life 2 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

Leave conditions:

On prescription

Package:

Enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg. 10 tablets in a blister pack. 60 tablets in a jar of light-protective glass or in a polymer jar or in a polymer vial. 6 blister packs or each jar or bottle, together with instructions for use, are placed in a cardboard box.

Pentoxifylline is an antispasmodic. Its reception improves microcirculation, has an antiaggregatory, angioprotective effect, and expands blood vessels. The drug has a positive effect on the rheological characteristics of the blood, improves microcirculation at a moderate level, allows you to saturate with energy potential and increase the concentration of cAFM in platelets, causes vasodilation, inhibits phosphodiesterase, and does not affect heart rate.

Composition and form of release

Release form

Tablets.
Injection.
Suppositories are rectal.

Available in tablets of 100 mg and 400 mg of the active ingredient.

The composition of the drug

Active ingredient is pentoxifylline.
Additional components medicines are: potato starch, lactose, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, propene glycol, povidone, hypromellose, talc, carmosine, etc.

pharmachologic effect

Taking Pentoxifylline allows you to increase the lumen of the coronary arteries, which significantly increases the volume of oxygen supplied to the myocardium (antianginal effect), expand the pulmonary vessels, which has a positive effect on blood oxygenation. Pentoxifylline also increases the tone of the respiratory muscles, intercostal muscles, and diaphragm. With intravenous administration, there is an increase in collateral circulation, an increase in blood volumes flowing through a unit section. The drug has a positive effect on the activity of the nervous system and bioelectrical activity, increases the level of ATP in the brain.

The drug increases the elasticity of erythrocytes (due to the effect on the pathological deformation of red blood cells), reduces blood viscosity, and ensures platelet disaggregation. In areas with impaired blood supply, Pentoxifylline significantly improves microcirculation. Pentoxifylline also helps, if necessary, to eliminate cramps and pain in the calf muscles, increases the total walking distance with intermittent claudication (occlusive damage to peripherally located arteries).

The main active ingredients are quickly absorbed, excreted by metabolites in the urine and feces. The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is observed one hour after ingestion.

Indications for the use of Pentoxifylline

Instructions for use provides for the appointment of this drug for the following diseases and conditions:

Peripheral blood supply disorders;
Raynaud's disease;
Violation of tissue trophism;
Gangrene;
Rejection of the body;
Post-thrombotic syndrome;
Obliterating endarteritis;
Trophic ulcers of the lower leg;
Cerebral atherosclerosis;
Phlebeurysm;
Viral neuroinfection;
Encephalopathy;
Postponed myocardial infarction;
Bronchial asthma;
Cardiac ischemia;
Disturbances in the blood supply to the vascular membranes of the eye and retina;
Impotence of vascular origin;
Otosclerosis.

Contraindications

Pentoxifylline is not prescribed:

With acute myocardial infarction;
With intolerance to xanthine derivatives;
hemorrhagic stroke;
Porfiria;
Hemorrhages in the retina;
Pregnancy and lactation;
Massive blood loss.

The instructions note that the drug is forbidden to be administered intravenously with uncontrolled course and development of arterial hypertension, with arrhythmias, atherosclerosis of the coronary and cerebral arteries of a pronounced nature.

Pentoxifylline in extreme cases and in the presence of indications is prescribed in the following cases:

Postoperative period;
blood pressure instability;
Ulcerative lesions of the digestive system and gastrointestinal tract;
Chronic heart failure;
Pathologies of the hepatic and renal systems.

Side effects

From the nervous system: anxiety, convulsive syndrome, headaches, dizziness.

From the side of the skin: Pentoxifylline can cause swelling, high brittleness of the nail plates, flushes to the skin of the body and face, hyperemia of the skin.

From the digestive system: exacerbation of cholecystitis, cholestatic hepatitis, loss of appetite, intestinal atony, feeling of dry mouth, intense thirst.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, arrhythmia, progression and development of angina, lowering blood pressure.

In addition, in some cases, there are: visual disturbances, bleeding from the intestines, thrombocytopenia, scotoma, anaphylactic shock, allergic reactions, increased activity of liver enzymes and alkaline phosphatase levels.

Instructions for use

Method and dosage of tablets

The dosage of the medicine should be strictly regulated by the doctor. Self-administration of Pentoxifylline is excluded. As a rule, the tablet is drunk after meals, twice a day, 800-1200 mg (i.e., 2-3 tablets at a time). At the beginning of the course of treatment, the daily dose of the drug (in the form of tablets) should not exceed 600 mg. As treatment progresses, the daily dosage increases by 300 mg per day. Long-acting forms of the drug must be taken twice a day.

Method and dosage of the solution

A solution of Pentoxifylline and a concentrate solution for intravenous administration contain 20 mg of the substance per 1 m of liquid. According to the instructions, the solution is allowed to be administered intra-arterially or intramuscularly with the patient lying down. In case of kidney pathologies, the dosage should be reduced to 50-60% of the traditional daily dose. Intravenous solution must be administered slowly. The calculation takes place according to the following scheme: 50 mg per 10 ml of sodium chloride 0.9%. Duration of administration - 10 minutes, then you need to switch to the introduction of a dropper: 100 mg of the drug is diluted in 250-500 ml of sodium chloride or in a 5% dextrose solution.

For intra-arterial administration, 100 mg of the solution must be diluted in 20-50 ml of sodium chloride. Intramuscularly, the solution is administered three times a day, 100-200 mg.

Pentoxifylline in chronic dyscircular encephalopathy

The use of the drug is indicated in the treatment of chronic dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The disease is expressed in progressive disorders of brain functions due to insufficient blood supply. Pentoxifylline is used in this case as part of complex therapy. Together with drugs that are ways to improve microcirculation, reduce platelet aggregation, improve blood flow.

When treating outside the hospital, the doctor prescribes taking tablets: in the first days, 2 tablets 3 times a day, in the middle of the course - 3 tablets 3 times a day. After achieving the desired therapeutic effect, the dosage is again reduced to 2 tablets. The duration of the course of treatment is determined individually. Usually it is 1 month. In inpatient treatment, the drug is best administered intravenously through a dropper. With this disease, the dosage is shown in the amount of 1 ampoule per 250 ml of sodium chloride or glucose solution. The dose should be administered to the patient within 1.5-2 hours, i.e. as slowly as possible.

If the patient tolerates Pentoxifylline well, then the daily dose, if indicated, can be increased to 0.2-0.3 g.

Pentoxifylline for children

The drug can be prescribed to children aged 12 years and older. If it is necessary to prescribe a medicine at a younger age, it is necessary to find adequate analogues that are allowed to be taken. Children from 12 years of age are prescribed a simplified regimen and a reduced dosage. The dose should be determined by a qualified doctor, depending on the condition of the child and the performance of his tests.

During pregnancy and lactation

Instructions for use states that it is forbidden to take the medicine during pregnancy, because he did not pass the relevant studies. In some cases, Pentoxifylline may be prescribed by the attending physician after the 20th week of pregnancy. The drug is prescribed for fetoplacental insufficiency, when there are certain disorders in the circulatory system "mother-placenta-fetus". This is an extremely dangerous condition, potentially leading to disorders in the development of a number of organs (especially the nervous system).

When the blood supply to the placenta is disturbed, it begins to degrade. Pentoxifylline in this case improves blood flow and dilates small vessels, while preventing platelets and red blood cells from sticking together, so the blood becomes more fluid. The decision to use the drug Pentoxifylline during pregnancy can only be made by an experienced doctor.

Overdose

Taking excessive doses can cause pressure drop, tachycardia, dizziness, hyperthermia, fainting, tonic-clinical convulsions, severe agitation, vomiting, areflexia.

In case of an overdose, it is necessary to immediately flush the digestive system, drink enterosorbent drugs, and observe symptomatic therapy. If bleeding occurs after an overdose, urgent measures must be taken to stop them.

special instructions

The duration of treatment with Pentoxifylline ranges from several days to several weeks. The medicine must be taken in courses that have been regulated by the attending physician. If, after taking the remedy, any negative reactions began to appear, then the medication should be excluded.

Interaction with other drugs

Instructions for use reports that Pentoxifylline enhances the effect of drugs whose action is aimed at improving blood clotting (anticoagulants, thrombolytics), valproic acid and antibiotics. Pentoxifylline is able to increase the effectiveness of insulin, hypoglycemic oral agents, antihypertensive drugs.

Domestic and foreign analogues

Full coincidence of the active substances and the ATC code is observed in the following analogues: Vasonit, Latren, Agapurin, Penilin, Pentoxpharm, Trental, Pentoxifylline NAS.

An analogue of Pentoxifylline - Vasonite has antiaggregatory, angioprotective, vasodilating effects. The use of the drug improves rheological parameters and blood microcirculation, promotes the accumulation of cAMP in organs and tissues due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase, inhibits the aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets, increases membrane elasticity, and reduces the amount of fibrinogen in plasma.

Latren is a drug that can improve rheological parameters and blood microcirculation. The main active ingredient of the drug is pentoxifylline. This analogue eliminates spasms of smooth muscles of blood vessels and internal organs.

Agapurin

Agapurine has an antiaggregatory, vasodilating effect, improves microcirculation. The mechanism of action of the drug is associated with inhibition of phosphodiesterase and an increase in the concentration of cAMP in platelets with saturation of the energy potential of erythrocytes and platelets.

Price in pharmacies

The price of Pentoxifylline in different pharmacies can vary significantly. This is due to the use of cheaper components and the pricing policy of the pharmacy chain.

Read the official information about the drug Pentoxifylline, the instructions for use of which include general information and a treatment regimen. The text is provided for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice.

The drug Pentoxifylline is an antispasmodic. Its reception improves microcirculation, has an antiaggregatory, angioprotective effect, and expands blood vessels. Pentoxifylline has a positive effect on the rheological characteristics of blood, improves microcirculation at a moderate level, allows you to saturate with energy potential and increase the concentration of cAFM in platelets, causes vasodilation, inhibits phosphodiesterase, and does not affect heart rate.

Composition and form of release

Release form of the drug:

Tablets.
Injection.
Suppositories are rectal.

The composition of the drug in the form of tablets

The active substance of the drug is pentoxifylline.
Additional components of the drug are: potato starch, lactose, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, propene glycol, povidone, hypromellose, talc, carmosine, etc.

Available in tablets of 100 mg and 400 mg of the active ingredient.

Pentoxifylline - instructions for use in various dosage forms

Pentoxifylline: use in the form of tablets

The dosage of the medicine should be strictly regulated by the doctor. Self-administration of Pentoxifylline is excluded. As a rule, Pentoxifylline tablet is drunk after meals, twice a day, 800-1200 mg (i.e., 2-3 tablets at a time). At the beginning of the course of treatment, the daily dose of the drug (in the form of tablets) should not exceed 600 mg. As treatment progresses, the daily dosage increases by 300 mg per day. Long-acting forms of the drug must be applied twice a day.

Pentoxifylline: application as a solution

A solution of Pentoxifylline and a concentrate solution for intravenous administration contain 20 mg of the substance per 1 m of liquid. According to the instructions, Pentoxifylline solution is allowed to be administered intra-arterially or intramuscularly with the patient lying down. In case of kidney pathologies, the dosage should be reduced to 50-60% of the traditional daily dose. Intravenous solution must be administered slowly. The calculation takes place according to the following scheme: 50 mg per 10 ml of sodium chloride 0.9%. Duration of administration - 10 minutes, then you need to switch to the introduction of a dropper: 100 mg of the drug is diluted in 250-500 ml of sodium chloride or in a 5% dextrose solution.

For intra-arterial administration, 100 mg of the solution must be diluted in 20-50 ml of sodium chloride. Intramuscularly, a solution of Pentoxifylline is administered three times a day, 100-200 mg.

The use of Pentoxifylline in chronic dyscircular encephalopathy

The use of Pentoxifylline is indicated in the treatment of chronic dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The disease is expressed in progressive disorders of brain functions due to insufficient blood supply. Pentoxifylline is used in this case as part of complex therapy. Together with drugs that are ways to improve microcirculation, reduce platelet aggregation, improve blood flow.

When treating outside the hospital, the doctor prescribes the use of Pentoxifylline tablets: in the first days, 2 tablets 3 times a day, in the middle of the course - 3 tablets 3 times a day. After achieving the desired therapeutic effect, the dosage is again reduced to 2 tablets. The duration of the course of treatment is determined individually. Usually it is 1 month. In inpatient treatment, the drug is best administered intravenously through a dropper. With this disease, the dosage of Pentoxifylline is shown in the amount of 1 ampoule per 250 ml of sodium chloride or glucose solution. The dose should be administered to the patient within 1.5-2 hours, i.e. as slowly as possible.

If the patient is well tolerated Pentoxifylline Pentoxifylline, then the daily dose, if indicated, can be increased to 0.2-0.3 g.

Indications, contraindications, side effects of Pentoxifylline

Indications for the use of Pentoxifylline

Instructions for use Pentoxifylline provides for the use of this drug in the following diseases and conditions:

Peripheral blood supply disorders;
Raynaud's disease;
Violation of tissue trophism;
Gangrene;
Rejection of the body;
Post-thrombotic syndrome;
Obliterating endarteritis;
Trophic ulcers of the lower leg;
Cerebral atherosclerosis;
Phlebeurysm;
Viral neuroinfection;
Encephalopathy;
Postponed myocardial infarction;
Bronchial asthma;
Cardiac ischemia;
Disturbances in the blood supply to the vascular membranes of the eye and retina;
Impotence of vascular origin;
Otosclerosis.

Contraindications for the use of Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline is not prescribed:

With acute myocardial infarction;
With intolerance to xanthine derivatives;
hemorrhagic stroke;
Porfiria;
Hemorrhages in the retina;
Pregnancy and lactation;
Massive blood loss.

Pentoxifylline in extreme cases and in the presence of indications is prescribed in the following cases:

Postoperative period;
blood pressure instability;
Ulcerative lesions of the digestive system and gastrointestinal tract;
Chronic heart failure;
Pathologies of the hepatic and renal systems.

Pentoxifylline: side effects

From the nervous system: anxiety, convulsive syndrome, headaches, dizziness.

On the part of the skin: swelling, high fragility of the nail plates, "tides" to the skin of the body and face, hyperemia of the skin.

From the digestive system: exacerbation of cholecystitis, cholestatic hepatitis, loss of appetite, intestinal atony, feeling of dry mouth, severe thirst.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, arrhythmia, progression and development of angina pectoris, lowering blood pressure.

Pentoxifylline: overdose symptoms

Taking excessive doses of the drug can cause a drop in pressure, tachycardia, dizziness, hyperthermia, fainting, tonic-clinical convulsions, severe agitation, vomiting, areflexia.

How long can Pentoxifylline be used

The duration of taking Pentoxifylline according to the instructions ranges from several days to several weeks. The drug must be drunk in courses that were regulated by the attending physician. If after the use of the drug any negative reactions began to appear, then the use of Pentoxifylline should be excluded.

The use of Pentoxifylline during pregnancy

Instructions for the use of Pentoxifylline states that the drug is not allowed to be used during pregnancy, since it has not undergone appropriate studies. In some cases, Pentoxifylline may be prescribed by the attending physician after the 20th week of pregnancy. The drug is prescribed for fetoplacental insufficiency, when there are certain disorders in the circulatory system "mother-placenta-fetus". This is an extremely dangerous condition, potentially leading to disorders in the development of a number of organs (especially the nervous system).

When the blood supply to the placenta is disturbed, it begins to degrade. Pentoxifylline in this case improves blood flow and dilates small vessels, while preventing platelets and red blood cells from sticking together, so the blood becomes more fluid. The decision to use Pentoxifylline during pregnancy can only be made by an experienced doctor.

Pentoxifylline: use for children

The drug can be prescribed to children aged 12 years and older. If it is necessary to prescribe a medicine at a younger age, it is necessary to find adequate analogues that are approved for use. Children from 12 years of age are prescribed to take the drug according to a simplified scheme and in a reduced dosage. The dose of application should be determined by a qualified doctor, depending on the condition of the child and the performance of his tests.

Medicinal effects of Pentoxifylline

The use of Pentoxifylline allows you to increase the lumen of the coronary arteries, which significantly increases the volume of oxygen supplied to the myocardium (antianginal effect), expand the pulmonary vessels, which has a positive effect on blood oxygenation. The drug also increases the tone of the respiratory muscles, intercostal muscles, diaphragm. With intravenous administration of Pentoxifylline, there is an increase in collateral circulation, an increase in blood volumes flowing through a unit section. The drug has a positive effect on the activity of the nervous system and bioelectrical activity, increases the level of ATP in the brain.

The use of Pentoxifylline increases the elasticity of erythrocytes (due to the effect on the pathological deformation of red blood cells), reduces blood viscosity, and ensures platelet disaggregation. In areas with impaired blood supply, Pentoxifylline significantly improves microcirculation. The drug also helps, if necessary, to eliminate cramps and pain in the calf muscles, increases the total walking distance with intermittent claudication (occlusive damage to the peripherally located arteries).

The main active ingredients of Pentoxifylline are rapidly absorbed, excreted by metabolites in the urine and feces. The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is observed one hour after ingestion.

Interaction of Pentoxifylline with other drugs

Instructions for the use of Pentoxifylline states that Pentoxifylline enhances the effect of drugs whose action is aimed at improving blood clotting (anticoagulants, thrombolytic agents), valproic acid and antibiotics. Pentoxifylline is able to increase the effectiveness of insulin, hypoglycemic oral agents, antihypertensive drugs.

Russian and foreign analogues of Pentoxifylline

Full coincidence of the active substances and the ATC code is observed in the following analogues of Pentoxifylline: Vasonite, Latren, Agapurin, Penilin, Pentoxpharm, Trental, Pentoxifylline NAS.

Vasonite - analogue of Pentoxifylline

An analogue of Pentoxifylline Vasonite has antiaggregatory, angioprotective, vasodilating effects. The use of the drug improves rheological parameters and blood microcirculation, promotes the accumulation of cAMP in organs and tissues due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase, inhibits the aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets, increases membrane elasticity, and reduces the amount of fibrinogen in plasma.

Analog - Latren

Agapurin - analogue

The price of Pentoxifylline

www.medmoon.ru

Pentoxifylline

Compound

The active ingredient is Pentoxifylline.

The tablets contain 100 and 400 mg of this substance.

Additional elements: titanium dioxide, lactose, potato starch, propylene glycol, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, povidone, methacrylate copolymer dispersion, talc, carmoisine.

The solution concentrate and the solution of Pentoxifylline IV and IV injections contain 20 mg of the substance per 1 ml. Solution for infusion may also contain 2 mg per 1 ml.

Release form

Tablet form, as well as concentrate solutions and solutions for intravenous and intravenous administration in ampoules.

pharmachologic effect

Antispasmodic. Improves microcirculation, has an angioprotective, antiaggregatory effect. Expands blood vessels.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The drug has a positive effect on the rheological properties of blood, moderately improves microcirculation, saturates with energy potential and increases the concentration of cAMP in platelets, inhibits phosphodiesterase, causes vasodilation, does not affect heart rate. The drug increases the lumen of the coronary arteries, which significantly increases the amount of oxygen supplied to the myocardium (antanginal effect); dilates the pulmonary vessels, which improves blood oxygenation. The drug increases the tone of the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and respiratory muscles. When administered intravenously, collateral circulation increases, increases the volume of blood flowing through a unit section. Pentoxifylline has a positive effect on the bioelectric activity and activity of the nervous system, increases the level of ATP in the brain. The use of the drug increases the elasticity of erythrocytes (due to the effect on the pathological deformability of red blood cells), causes platelet disaggregation, and reduces blood viscosity. In areas with impaired blood supply, the drug significantly improves microcirculation. Pentoxifylline eliminates pain and cramps in the calf muscles, allows you to increase the walking distance with intermittent claudication (occlusive damage to the peripherally located arteries).

Absorbed quickly. Mostly excreted in the urine metabolites, less - with feces. The maximum concentration of the substance is reached one hour after application.

What are the tablets and solution from? The agent is prescribed for violations in the peripheral blood supply, impaired tissue trophism, Raynaud's disease, obliterating endarteritis, post-thrombotic syndrome, frostbite, gangrene, trophic ulcers of the lower leg, varicose veins, cerebral atherosclerosis, viral neuroinfection, dyscirculatory encephalopathy. Also indications for the use of Pentoxifylline are: myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, bronchial asthma, acute disturbances in the blood supply of the retina, choroid, otosclerosis, impotence of vascular origin.

Contraindications

Pentoxifylline is not prescribed for intolerance to xanthine derivatives, for porphyria, acute myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic stroke, massive blood loss, pregnancy, retinal hemorrhages, breastfeeding. Intravenous injections of the drug are unacceptable in case of uncontrolled arterial hypotension, atherosclerosis of the cerebral and coronary arteries of a pronounced nature, with arrhythmia. With instability of blood pressure, after surgical interventions, with ulcerative lesions of the digestive system, chronic heart failure, pathology of the renal and hepatic systems, the drug is prescribed with caution.

Side effects

Nervous system: convulsive syndrome, anxiety, dizziness, headaches.

Skin: increased fragility of the nail plates, swelling, hyperemia of the skin, "tides" to the skin of the face and body.

Digestive system: cholestatic hepatitis, exacerbation of cholecystitis, intestinal atony, loss of appetite, dry mouth.

Cardiac system: cardialgia, arrhythmia, tachycardia, drop in blood pressure, progression of angina pectoris.

Perhaps a violation of visual perception, scotoma, thrombocytopenia, bleeding from the intestines, allergic reactions, anaphylactic shock, increased activity of liver enzymes, alkaline phosphatase.

Instructions for use Pentoxifylline (Method and dosage)

Pentoxifylline solution, instructions for use

The drug in ampoules is administered intramuscularly and intraarterially in the position of the patient lying down.

In case of pathology of the renal system, the dosage is reduced to 50-70 percent of the standard dose.

Intravenously injected slowly, calculated according to the scheme: 50 mg for every 10 ml of sodium chloride 0.9%, administered for 10 minutes, after which they switch to administration by dropper: 100 mg is diluted in 250-500 ml of sodium chloride 0.9% or dextrose solution 5 %.

Intra-arterially: 100 mg is diluted in 20-50 ml of sodium chloride.

Intramuscularly deeply injected three times a day, 100-200 mg.

Pentoxifylline tablets, instructions for use

It is permissible, in addition to parenteral administration, to take the drug orally after meals twice a day for 800-1200 mg. The initial daily dosage in tablet form is 600 mg, gradually the amount of the drug is reduced to 300 mg per day. Prolonged forms of the drug are taken twice a day.

Overdose

Taking high doses of Pentoxifylline causes a drop in blood pressure, dizziness, tachycardia, fainting, hyperthermia, agitation, tonic-clonic convulsions, areflexia, coffee grounds vomiting, and other signs of bleeding from the digestive tract. Timely washing of the digestive system, intake of enterosorbents, symptomatic therapy are required. With the development of bleeding, urgent measures are taken to stop bleeding.

Interaction

Pentoxifylline is able to enhance the effectiveness of drugs that affect the blood coagulation system (thrombotics, anticoagulants), antibacterial drugs, valproic acid. Pentoxifylline increases the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin, antihypertensive drugs. Cimetidine is able to increase the level of the drug in the blood, which means that the risk of side effects increases. When co-administered with other xanthines, nervous excitement is noted.

Terms of sale

Requires a prescription.

Storage conditions

In a place inaccessible to children at a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees Celsius.

Best before date

Not more than 3 years.

special instructions

Treatment with Pentoxifylline is carried out under the control of blood pressure. In patients with diabetes mellitus, additional dosage adjustments of the hypoglycemic agents taken are required. With the simultaneous appointment of anticoagulants, control over the blood coagulation system is required. In patients after surgical interventions, hemoglobin and hematocrit are monitored. With instability of blood pressure, the dose of the drug is reduced. Tobacco smoke reduces the effectiveness of the drug. The compatibility of infusion solutions with Pentoxifylline must be checked before each infusion.

Pentoxifylline is often used in bodybuilding and sports. This is due to the fact that the drug improves blood circulation, causing a strong "pumping" that can last for several hours. However, it should be remembered that this is a medicinal product, and you should not joke with your health by taking such medications uncontrollably.

Recipe in Latin:

Rep.: Tab. Pentoxyphillini 0.1 №60 D.S. 1 tab. 3 times a day

Analogues of Pentoxifylline

A complete match of the ATC code and active substances was recorded for the following analogues of Pentoxifylline: Agapurin, Vasonit, Latren, Pentilin, Pentoxpharm, Pentoxifylline NAS, Trental.

Reviews about Pentoxifylline

Based on many opinions, we can conclude that the drug is really effective in helping to cope with the problems of the vascular system. Effectively helps with the improvement of blood circulation.

Often and effectively used for obliterating endarteritis.

Reviews about Pentoxifylline during pregnancy

Although the drug is contraindicated during this period of life (due to lack of research), it is often prescribed by doctors for feto-placental insufficiency, for example, a Pentoxifylline drip during pregnancy. In general, the opinions of those who used the medicine are positive, no side effects were noticed.

Pentoxifylline price, where to buy

The price of Pentoxifylline in tablets of 0.1 g is from 85 to 130 rubles per pack of 60 pieces.

The price of Pentoxifylline 2% 5 ml ampoules is 40 rubles for 10 pieces.

Internet pharmacies in RussiaRussia
Internet pharmacies of UkraineUkraine
Internet pharmacies of KazakhstanKazakhstan

WER.RU

Pentoxifylline SR Zentiva tablets 400 mg 20 pcs. Saneka Pharmaceuticals a.s.
Pentoxifylline tablets 100 mg 60 pcs.
Pentoxifylline tablets 100 mg 60 pcs. Zentiva [Zentiva]

ZdravZone

Pentoxifylline 2% solution for injections 5ml No. 5 ampoules Ozon LLC
Pentoxifylline 400mg №20 tabletsShreya Life Sciences Pvt.Ltd
Pentoxifylline Zentiva 100mg No. 60 tablets Saneka Pharmaceuticals a.s.
Pentoxifylline SR Zentiva 400mg No. 20 tablets Saneka Pharmaceuticals a.s.
Pentoxifylline SR Zentiva 600mg №20 tablets Saneka Pharmaceuticals a.s.

Pharmacy IFK

Pentoxifylline-SZSevernaya Zvezda CJSC, Russia
PentoxifyllineBorisovsky ZMP (Borisov), Belarus

Pharmacy24

PentoxifyllineDarnitsa (Ukraine, Kyiv)
Pentoxifylline Health (Ukraine, Kharkiv)
Pentoxifylline tablets 0.2g №20Darnitsa (Ukraine, Kyiv)
Pentoxifylline tablets 0.1g №50Technologist (Ukraine, Uman)

PaniApteka

Pentoxifylline tab. 0.1g №30Technologist
Pentoxifylline tab. 0.1g №30Technologist
Pentoxifylline solution for injection. 2% amp. 5ml №10Health

BIOSPHERE

Pentoxifylline 2% / 5 ml No. 5 solution for in.amp.

NOTE! Information about medicines on the site is a general reference, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision on the use of medicines in the course of treatment. Before medicine use Pentoxifylline surely consult with the attending physician.

medicalmed.ru

Pentoxifylline - instructions for use, indications, doses, analogues

Pentoxifylline is a drug with a vasodilating, antiaggregatory, angioprotective effect that improves microcirculation.

Release form and composition

Dosage forms of release of the drug Pentoxifylline:

Solution for intravenous and intraarterial administration 20 mg / ml: clear, colorless or slightly yellowish (in ampoules of 5 ml, 5 or 10 ampoules in blisters or plastic packs (pallets), 1 or 2 packs (pallets) in a cardboard box );
Solution for injection 20 mg / ml (in ampoules of 5 ml, 3, 5 or 10 ampoules in blisters or plastic packs (pallets), 1-4 packs (pallet) in a carton box or 5 or 10 ampoules in a cardboard box) pack);
Solution for infusion 0.04%, 0.08%, 0.2%: clear, colorless (in polymer containers of 100, 250 or 500 ml);
Concentrate for solution for infusion 20 mg/ml (in ampoules of 5 ml, 5 ampoules in blisters or blister packs, 1 or 2 blisters or packs in a cardboard box, ampoule knife included);
Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration 20 mg / ml: slightly yellowish or colorless, transparent (in ampoules of 5 ml, 5 or 10 ampoules, complete with an ampoule knife in a carton pack or 5 or 10 ampoules in contour cells or plastic packages (pallets), 1 or 2 packages (pallets) in a cardboard bundle complete with an ampoule knife);
Film-coated retard tablets: pink, capsule-shaped, with a break line on one side (in blister packs of 10 or 20 pcs., 1-6 or 10 packs in a carton box);
Enteric-coated tablets: biconvex, pink, two layers are visible on the cross section (in blister packs of 10 or 20 pieces, 1-6 or 10 packs in a carton box; in dark polymer or glass jars of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60 pieces, 1 can in a carton box).

Composition of 1 ml solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration:

Additional components: disodium phosphate, sodium chloride, water for injections.

Composition of 1 ml solution for injection:

Active substance: Pentoxifylline - 20 mg;

Composition of 1 ml solution for infusion:

Active substance: pentoxifylline - 0.4, 0.8 or 2 mg;
Additional components: sodium chloride, water for injections.

Composition of 1 ml concentrate for solution for infusion:

Active substance: pentoxifylline - 20 mg;
Additional components: water for injections.

Composition of 1 ml concentrate for solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration:

Active substance: pentoxifylline - 20 mg;
Additional components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 M, water for injection.

Composition of 1 retard film-coated tablet:

Active substance: pentoxifylline - 400 mg;
Additional components and coating: ethyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, dibasic calcium phosphate, talc, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, diethyl phthalate, titanium dioxide, carmoisine varnish.

Composition of 1 enteric-coated tablet:

Active substance: pentoxifylline - 100 mg;
Additional components: talc, lactose (milk sugar), carmoisine (azorubine), povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone), potato starch, stearic acid, copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate 1: 1 (collicute MAE-100 R), polyethylene oxide-4000 (macrogol-4000) ), titanium dioxide (pigment titanium dioxide).

Indications for use

Angioneuropathy (paresthesia, Raynaud's disease);
Peripheral circulation disorders, which are caused by inflammatory processes, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis;
Ischemic type cerebrovascular accident (acute and chronic course);
Obliterating endarteritis;
Chronic, acute and subacute circulatory failure in the retina or choroid of the eye;
Trophic tissue disorders associated with disorders of venous or arterial microcirculation (frostbite, trophic ulcers, gangrene, post-thrombophlebitic syndrome);
Hearing disorders with vascular etiology;
Encephalopathy of atherosclerotic and discirculatory etiology.

Contraindications

Absolute:

Myocardial infarction (acute course);
Hemorrhages in the retina;
Severe atherosclerosis (coronary or cerebral);
Massive bleeding;
Hemorrhagic stroke (acute course);
Severe cardiac arrhythmias;
Age up to 18 years;
The period of pregnancy and lactation;
Hypersensitivity to the components that make up the drug, as well as to other methylxanthines.

Relative (Pentoxifylline should be used with caution in the presence of the following conditions/diseases):

Tendency to arterial hypotension and labile blood pressure (the doctor sets the dosage regimen individually, increasing the dose should be carried out gradually);
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
Pronounced functional disorders of the kidneys (the doctor sets the dosage regimen individually, increasing the dose should be carried out gradually);
Recent surgery (there is a high probability of bleeding).

Method of application and dosage

Solution for infusion and solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration Intra-arterial administration: rate - 10 mg per minute; the initial dose is 100 mg of the drug (in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution with a volume of 20-50 ml), then the dose is increased to 200-300 mg (in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution with a volume of 30-50 ml).

Intravenous Pentoxifylline is administered slowly drip for 90-180 minutes:

Solution for infusion: dose - 50-100 mg, if necessary - 200 mg (maximum per day - 300 mg). During the introduction of the patient should be in the supine position;
Solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration: dose - 100 mg of the drug in 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose (dextrose) solution with a volume of 250-500 ml. With severe atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels, the introduction of the drug into the carotid artery is prohibited.

Patients with chronic renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 30 ml per minute) need a dose reduction of 30-50%.

For the treatment of diabetic or atherosclerotic lesions in a chronic form, a course of intravenous infusions is carried out every other day or daily.

Pentoxifylline tablets are taken orally, without chewing or breaking (whole), washing down with water, preferably after a meal.

As a rule, enteric-coated tablets are prescribed in 2 pcs. 3 times a day. The average daily dose is 600 mg, the maximum is 1200 mg. Most often, after 1-2 weeks, a single dose is reduced to 1 tablet, while the frequency of taking Pentoxifylline remains unchanged.

The doctor determines the duration of the therapeutic course individually, as a rule, it is 1-3 months.

In chronic renal failure (creatine clearance less than 10 ml per minute), a dose reduction of 2 times is necessary.

Pentoxifylline in prolonged dosage forms is usually prescribed with a frequency of administration 2 times a day, the duration of the therapeutic course is from 2-3 weeks or more.

Side effects

Central nervous system: anxiety, dizziness, convulsions, sleep disturbances, headache;
Digestive system: loss of tone (atony) of the intestine, dry mouth, loss of appetite, hepatitis occurring with intrahepatic cholestasis, exacerbation of cholecystitis;
Cardiovascular system: arrhythmia, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, cardialgia, progression of angina pectoris;
Hemostasis system and hematopoietic organs: thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, leukopenia, bleeding from the vessels of the skin, mucous membranes of the intestine and / or stomach;
Sense organs: visual impairment, visual field defect that does not reach its borders (scotoma);
Skin and subcutaneous fat: swelling, increased fragility of nails, hyperemia of the skin of the face, flushing of the skin of the face and upper chest;
Allergic reactions: skin flushing, angioedema, urticaria, itching, anaphylactic shock;
Laboratory indicators: increased activity of hepatic transaminases (lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) and alkaline phosphatase;
Others: aseptic meningitis (rare).

In the event of the development of the first symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction, it is necessary to immediately stop the use of the drug.

During therapy, you should regularly monitor the blood picture, which is associated with reports of bleeding (in the mucous membranes, skin, gastrointestinal tract), thrombocytopenia and aplastic anemia.

special instructions

When combined with anticoagulants, it is necessary to carefully monitor the parameters of the blood coagulation system.

The compatibility of Pentoxifylline with infusion solutions must be checked on an individual basis.

Patients with severely impaired renal function require careful monitoring of the condition.

In cases of hemorrhage in the retina of the eye, treatment is immediately canceled.

After recent surgical interventions, it is necessary to systematically monitor the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Therapy, especially intra-arterial and intravenous administration of Pentoxifylline, should be carried out under the control of blood pressure. In patients with unstable or low blood pressure, the administered dose is reduced.

In chronic heart failure, before starting the course, compensation of blood circulation should be achieved.

The appointment of Pentoxifylline in high doses to patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing therapy with hypoglycemic drugs can lead to hypoglycemia (such patients need dose adjustment).

In smoking patients, the therapeutic efficacy of Pentoxifylline may be reduced.

In some cases, elderly patients are prescribed the drug in reduced doses (due to a decrease in the rate of excretion of the active substance and an increase in its bioavailability).

drug interaction

The combined use of Pentoxifylline with certain drugs / substances can lead to the development of the following effects:

Cimetidine: the concentration of pentoxifylline in the blood plasma increases and, as a result, the likelihood of developing adverse reactions;
Valproic acid, heparin, theophylline, fibrinolytic drugs, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic agents (insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents), drugs that affect the blood coagulation system (anticoagulants, thrombolytics), antibiotic drugs (including cephalosporins): their effect is enhanced;
Other xanthines: excessive nervous excitement develops.

Analogues

Analogues of Pentoxifylline are: Agapurin, Vasonit, Latren, Pentilin, Pentoxopharm, Pentoxifylline NAS, Pentoxifylline Zentiva, Pentoxifylline-Eskom, Pentoxifylline-Darnitsa, Trental, Trental 400, Trenpental, Flexital.

Terms and conditions of storage

Store in a dry, dark place, out of the reach of children.

Best before date:

Retard tablets - 3 years at temperatures up to 25 ° C;
Enteric-coated tablets - 2 years at temperatures up to 30 ° C;
Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration, solutions for injections, infusions, intravenous and intra-arterial administration - 2 years at temperatures up to 25 ° C.

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

Released by prescription.

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Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline is a drug of the angioprotective group, the action of which is based on the restoration of blood microcirculation in the capillaries. The composition of the drug contains the substance of the same name pentoxifylline. There are two forms of release for this medicine:

Tablets of 100 mg of active ingredient each;
Solution for injection 2%, 5 ml - 1 ml contains 20 mg of the active substance.

Indications for the use of Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline is indicated for diseases of various organs and systems of human organs, among them diseases of the spinal column. These are such as:

Contraindications to the use of Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline is contraindicated for prescription and use in the following conditions and diseases of the patient:

Children under 18;
recent surgery (less than a week ago);
lactation period;
Heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmia);
Pregnancy at any time;
kidney failure;
Allergy to the drug and its components;
Tendency to external and internal bleeding;
Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
Myocardial infarction, acute period;
Liver failure;
Heart failure;
Low blood pressure (arterial hypotension).

The principle of action of Pentoxifylline

Once in the patient's blood, Pentoxifylline enters the affected capillaries. There, the active substance of this drug helps to restore the elasticity of the walls of erythrocytes, reduces the increased clotting of platelets, improves the rheology (fluidity) of the blood by reducing its viscosity. Also, the walls of blood vessels expand somewhat due to a decrease in spasm in them.

Pentoxifylline normalizes and restores metabolism in tissues, stabilizes gas exchange. The blood flow through the vessels of the spinal cord after a stroke quickly normalizes, and nerve conduction is restored (this is possible due to proper nutrition and blood supply to the nerve endings in the affected area).

Instructions for use Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline tablets

Pentoxifylline tablets are recommended to be taken orally, without chewing, after meals, with a sufficient amount of liquid, 100-400 mg 2-3 times a day. The maximum allowable daily dosage is 1200 mg of the drug (12 tablets). The course of treatment is selected individually and can vary from 2 weeks to several months.

Pentoxifylline in the form of a solution for injection

The solution for injection is intended exclusively for intravenous administration (drip or jet). To prepare a dropper with the drug, physiological saline (0.9% sodium chloride) or 5% glucose is mixed with 1-6 ampoules of Pentoxifylline and this mixture is administered within one hour. Multiplicity of reception - 1-2 times a day. The maximum daily dosage is 12 ampoules (1200 mg).

For jet administration, 1 ampoule (5 ml) is administered for 5 minutes 1-2 times a day, without diluting.

Side effects of Pentoxifylline

In extremely rare cases, Pentoxifylline can cause side effects. The main ones include the following:

Stomach ache;
visual impairment;
Vomiting accompanied by nausea;
convulsions;
Diarrhea, constipation or their alternation;
Increased nervousness;
An attack of angina pectoris (squeezing short-term pain behind the sternum);
Insomnia at night and drowsiness during the day;
Increased heart rate;
Dizziness;
Decreased blood pressure;
Anaphylactic shock;
itchy skin;
Headache;
Quincke's edema.

If one or more side effects occur, you should stop taking Pentoxifylline, contact your doctor, gastric lavage and, if necessary, take symptomatic medicines.

If the prescribed dosage of the drug is not observed, the following symptoms may develop:

Increased heart rate;
Nausea;
Increase in body temperature;
Vomiting "coffee grounds" (a sign of stomach bleeding);
convulsions;
Decreased blood pressure numbers;
fainting;
Dizziness.

If there are signs of an overdose of Pentoxifylline, it is necessary to wash the stomach, take symptomatic agents and enterosorbents.

special instructions

Pentoxifylline is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. This is due to the lack of data on the effect of the drug on the fetus and child development.

For children under 18 years of age, the use of the drug is contraindicated, because there is no reliable data on its effect on the development of the child.

The intake of alcoholic beverages does not affect the properties of Pentoxifylline.

Analogues of Pentoxifylline

Trental, Agapurin, Latren, Pentilin, Vazonite.