Skin diseases on the body. What are skin diseases in humans, photos and descriptions with names

Diseases of the face can be triggered by external and internal causes. It is important to understand that there may be several factors that provoke the appearance of skin diseases. The exact causes of the problem can only be determined by a dermatologist who needs to know the full picture of your health. In particular, exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases is often accompanied by skin rashes and changes in complexion.

Causes of skin diseases

Important! Diseases of the skin of the face that are not associated with infections and viruses can be triggered by chronic diseases, genetic characteristics or external factors.

Couperose

This disease can be recognized by specific capillary nets or asterisks. It occurs due to the expansion of the vascular walls and the loss of their elasticity, due to which blood stagnation occurs. A skin disease can manifest itself with only one “point” or a whole network that has spread along the wings of the nose, cheeks, and the area around the eyes. Often, couperosis signals a predisposition to diseases of the cardiovascular system or liver diseases.

Common causes of appearance:

trauma;
exposure to UV rays;
heredity;
drinking and smoking;
prolonged exposure to low temperatures;
peeling and other cosmetic procedures;
the presence of chronic diseases.

acne

Symptoms: the presence of acne, abscesses, internal acne. Cause of manifestation: inflammation of the sebaceous glands. There are three severity levels of acne: high - more than 40 rashes, medium - from 10 to 40, mild - up to 20 formations.

Causes of the disease:

hormonal changes (age, menstrual and others);
heredity;
side effect of hormone therapy.

Acne usually occurs in teenagers, but it can also appear in adults. At risk are people with oily skin or hormonal abnormalities.

Allergy

An allergic reaction can appear in the form of itching, peeling, swelling, redness and rashes. The reaction can be observed when exposed to external and internal factors: food intake, use of cosmetics, the presence of pollen, contact with tissues. Rashes can be observed throughout the body, and affect only the face.

Melanoma

This is a malignant tumor that can develop from a nevus. The main signs: soreness, change in contour or color, induration, enlargement of the nevus. Adults are more likely to suffer from melanoma.

Keratosis

Manifestation: keratinization, thickening, peeling of the skin area. The process proceeds without inflammation, but brings pain during development, as the skin can crack, itching, and ulcerations appear.

Vitiligo

Lack of pigmentation in areas of the skin, which causes white or pink spots to appear on the body and face. The spots may enlarge, forming large lesions tending to a round shape. The causes of occurrence have not been established.

Chloasma

The opposite of vitiligo: excessive pigmentation. The area is dark, usually brown, and gradually enlarges. spots can merge into one rounded lesion. It can be caused by pregnancy or diseases: disorders of the ovaries, liver or pituitary gland.

Perioral dermatitis

The disease mostly affects women. Papulo-pustules and small papules, no larger than 2 mm, are localized in the periorbital and / or periorally. It often manifests itself after taking corticosteroid drugs prescribed for other skin diseases. Important: with this disease, a narrow, unaffected skin area around the contour of the lips is observed.

Rosacea

As a rule, lesions affect only the skin of the face, an adult patient with a genetic predisposition is at risk. It has a polyetiological nature and a staged course. Manifestation: hyperemia of the face, pustules, edematous papules, telangiectasia. Important: hyperplasia of the connective tissue and sebaceous glands is characteristic, and not an increased secretion of the sebaceous glands (unlike acne). As a rule, skin disease manifests itself in patients aged 35-40, reaching a peak at 40-50 years. The disease is provoked by changes in the tone of the superficial vessels of the skin caused by endogenous and exogenous factors.

demodicosis

Small nodular sarcoidosis

Appearance: nodular elements with dense consistency with sharp boundaries. They can have a color from pink to brown-yellow. Telangiectasias form on the surface of part of the papules. In place of resolved elements, small atrophic scars are formed. Diascopy reveals the phenomenon of "dustiness" and small yellowish spots. Resolved elements show a tendency to scarring.

Important! Fungal and infectious diseases of the skin of the face are provoked by pathogenic organisms. Infections on the face can infect deep tissues or enter the bloodstream, causing sepsis.

Seborrheic dermatitis

In this case, the rash mainly affects the nasolabial folds, scalp, chin and behind the ear folds. More often manifested in patients with seborrhea - another skin ailment. Sometimes the lesion affects the body: the skin along the spine, between the shoulder blades, or on the chest. The observed foci of erythema have clear boundaries, yellowish scales and small follicular nodules. A patient with the disease may feel a slight itch.

Streptococcal lesion

Mostly found in women and children, the lesion affects the smooth skin and has no connection with the follicular apparatus. Manifestation: flektens or impetigo, quickly opening and forming serous-purulent crusts. It is most often seen in the corners of the mouth and eyes.

Important! Pustular diseases of the skin of the face most often occur due to the influence of streptococci, fungal infections, staphylococci and other infections. Factors contributing to the development of the disease: high blood sugar, microtrauma, hypovitaminosis. There are superficial and deep forms. Furuncles with one purulent-necrotic core and carbuncles are a manifestation of a deep form.

Folliculitis

It is more often found in adult men. When hair is removed in the affected area, a purulent muff around the hair root is clearly visible. Most often, pustular lesions are superficial. With folliculitis, the pustule is located at the mouth of the hair follicle. A similar deviation - sycosis - is localized in the area of \u200b\u200bthe eyebrows, beards, and other bristly hair, with it a rather large pustule is formed.

Acne vulgaris

Purulent inflammation of the hair follicle and directly the sebaceous gland. Often caused with a staph infection. Usually rashes are observed on the face, chest, back. The course of the disease of the face: the appearance of black dots - comedones, then the appearance of a painful red nodule, after - the formation of a purulent pustule.

With infections, necrotic acne is possible, in which necrosis progresses in the depth of the element. In this case, after healing, a scar is formed. The spread of the process increases the risk of abscesses and acne conglobata.

Important! Viral skin diseases occur in 3-4% of adult patients and up to 10% of children.

Herpes simplex

Scientists estimate that this form of herpes occurs in 90% of the population. The virus enters the body through injured skin, mucous membranes, possibly through sexual contact. Herpes may not manifest itself for years, but become more active during stress, other diseases, and hypothermia. In this case, a bubble reaction occurs on a small skin area, usually on the face.

Shingles

In fact, it is a severe form of herpes. It is more often diagnosed in older people with low immunity or who have had an illness or significant stress. The rash is not painful, but left untreated can cause CNS damage.

HPV - Human papillomavirus

Causes the appearance of genital warts and warts on the mucous membranes and skin. More than 200 varieties of the virus are known, of which 50% are the main cause of warts. The reason for the defeat of the virus: low immunity and skin microtrauma. When infected, the virus may not appear for a long time, but become more active when the body weakens. There is a definite link between HPV infection and some forms of cancer, including cervical cancer.

Important! Usually, each disease has pronounced symptoms, but not infrequently, skin changes can be grouped, which complicates the diagnostic process. To find out the reasons for the appearance of deviations, it is necessary to undergo an examination and be extremely frank with a dermatologist, without hiding habits or diseases. Self-medication or the use of drugs without an accurate diagnosis can aggravate the situation.

Skin diseases are a complex inflammatory reaction of the skin with different localization, which occurs as a result of direct exposure to various physical and chemical irritants on the skin.

Causes of developing skin diseases in humans can be "endogenous"(internal):

Violation of metabolism (metabolism),
Hormonal disruptions and changes (especially in adolescence),
intestinal dysbacteriosis,
Various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
Stress.

The intensity and strength of the lesion can be influenced by heredity, individual characteristics of the body, a tendency to allergic reactions, reactions to drugs, and infectious diseases.

Sometimes the appearance of a skin disease can be psychosomatic in nature: that is, it may have a psychogenic origin, for example, a reaction to severe emotional stress, conflict, acute personal experiences. In this case, treatment with special means is combined (or completely replaced) psychotherapy.

Main symptoms:

redness of the skin;
Various skin rashes (in form, color, duration);
Burning sensations;
Insomnia - Unpleasant sensations can keep you awake, causing pain on their own or when in contact with surfaces.

Types of skin diseases in humans

Fungi

Can hit:

Nails, hair and skin;
The outer layer of the skin (epidermis) + redness;
The horny layer of the epidermis (with already dead cells, this layer protects our body from the serious consequences of skin diseases.

Examples: scab, microsporia, trichonophytosis (deep and superficial).

are considered contagious skin diseases transmitted from person to person.

abscesses

Caused by: staphylococci and streptococci. They are also caused by infections, as a consequence of cooling and even mental trauma.

There are 2 types of abscesses:

Superficial pyoderma: nail rash, pustular rash, folliculitis, seizure.
Deep pyoderma: the appearance of carbuncles boils hydradenitis.

Leprosy

Also known as leprosy. Severe chronic disease, the mucous membrane of the skin undergoes mutational changes. It may not manifest itself (incubation period) from 1 to 10 years (and even more).

Signs after the end of the incubation period: nosebleed, dry mouth, swollen lymph nodes.

Skin tuberculosis

Also known as " " . Risk group - persons already suffering from tuberculosis as a lesion of the lungs.

Kinds:

ulcerative;
warty;
lupus vulgaris.

Signs:

the presence of spots on the skin;
tubercles;
sores (red-bluish hue);
if left untreated, ulcers transform into scars.

Pediculosis (lice). Easily treatable.
Scabies. Pathogen: scabies itch, mite. Sign: gray rashes in the form of a tortuous line (2-3 mm), vesicles on the skin, red nodules, watery crusts are possible. Treatment is necessary - scabies can develop into eczema.

Eczema

A skin disease that can occur in both acute and chronic forms.

Symptoms of eczema:

skin edema;
redness;
reddish nodules (transform into bursting bubbles up to the state of erosion - a continuous weeping surface), then to the state of a crust, which disappears on its own;
persistent severe itching.

How is it treated?

Diet, nutrition, vitamins.
Drug therapy to boost immunity.
Perhaps the use of antibiotics in severe forms of the disease.
External treatment with ointments, creams, sprays. With a mild and moderate form of the disease, non-hormonal drugs are prescribed, with a severe form - hormonal drugs, which are distinguished by a strong effect and frequent side effects.

In conclusion, we note that the prevention of skin diseases is the best method of struggle. Compliance with hygiene, rational nutrition, precautions (for example, when being in nature) will best protect you from skin diseases.

Skin lesions can be inflammatory, traumatic, aseptic, infectious or autoimmune. Skin diseases are very common, since the epidermis is the most important organ of the immune system and, accordingly, takes on all the “blows” both from the outside of the influence and from the inside of the body. Very often, skin diseases in adults are closely related to improper functioning of the liver, intestines, central nervous and endocrine systems.

In this article, we propose to consider common types of skin damage that can occur as a result of trauma, frostbite, burns, or the introduction of pathogenic microorganisms. All human skin diseases are presented with a detailed description of the clinical picture. The presented types of skin diseases are the most common and in most cases are difficult to treat with the methods of official medicine.

Purulent damage to the skin

Abscess- limited purulent skin damage with the formation of a purulent cavity, an abscess. It can develop in the subcutaneous tissue, muscles, bones, etc., as well as in organs (liver, lungs, spleen, brain, etc.) or between them (intestinal abscess, subdiaphragmatic abscess, etc.).

Damage to the skin in the form of an abscess can occur either independently or as a complication of another disease (pneumonia, trauma, etc.). The development of an abscess is associated with the entry of pyogenic microbes into the body through damage to the skin or mucous membranes or with the transfer of the pathogen through the blood and lymphatic vessels from another purulent focus. Microbes that enter the tissues cause inflammation, followed by necrosis of a tissue or organ. The abscess is surrounded by an area of inflammation. The protective reaction of the body is manifested in the formation of a capsule that limits the abscess from healthy tissues.

Inflammatory lesions of the skin (with photo)

Furuncle (boil)- acute purulent-necrotic lesion of the skin in the area of the hair follicle and the surrounding connective tissue, caused by pyogenic bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus.

The appearance of a boil is promoted by pollution and microtrauma of the skin, increased sweating and fat secretion, metabolic disorders, etc.

With the localization of boils on the face, severe complications (purulent meningitis, sepsis) are possible.

Panaritium is an acute purulent inflammation of the nail folds of the fingers (usually on the hand).

Look at these inflammatory skin lesions in the photo below, which shows their main symptoms and signs:

Dermatitis is a disease of the skin

Dermatitis- this is a disease of the skin or an inflammatory process on the skin that occurs under the influence of direct exposure to various stimuli - mechanical, physical or chemical. Skin disease dermatitis is often a consequence of the external use of drugs (iodine, novocaine, streptocide, etc.) with increased skin sensitivity to these substances; arises from contact with nettles, geraniums and other plants. Often, mechanical damage (for example, abrasion) leads to dermatitis. Dermatitis caused by temperature irritants includes burns (including those from sunlight and electrical), frostbite.

There are acute and chronic forms of dermatitis.

It is characterized by redness, swelling, swelling, an increase in skin temperature, accompanied by a feeling of heat, burning, itching. In the future, bubbles filled with transparent contents may appear.

Treatment of dermatitis is carried out depending on the causes of their occurrence.

Psoriasis is a skin disease on the human body

Skin disease (scaly)- chronic recurrent non-infectious lesion of the epidermis. It is characterized by the formation of a skin disease on the body in the form of itchy scaly pink plaques. In the occurrence of this skin disease on the human body, neuropsychic trauma, metabolic disorders and the functions of the endocrine glands play a role.

Rashes in psoriasis occur anywhere on the skin, more often on the elbows, knees, in the sacrum and scalp. In some cases, psoriasis affects the nail plates, the surface of which resembles a thimble. In some patients, the rash is accompanied by swelling and soreness of the joints (the so-called arthropathic psoriasis).

Skin disease eczema- an acute or chronic non-contagious inflammatory skin disease of a neuro-allergic nature and characterized by a variety of rashes, burning sensation, itching and a tendency to relapse. The affected areas of the skin are characterized by redness and the formation of weeping, and then crusting vesicles on them.

The occurrence of eczema is promoted by a variety of external (mechanical, chemical, thermal) and internal (diseases of the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine and nervous systems) factors.

Neurodermatitis is thickened, eczema-affected skin that forms in areas of constant friction in susceptible individuals. Most often, the occipital region is affected in women and the skin of the legs and feet in men. The reason for the exacerbation of this disease is stress.

Other types of skin diseases

There are even more terrible types of skin diseases caused by chronic infections or total disorders of the endocrine system. Skin diseases of tuberculous etiology have recently been encountered in the practice of a dermatologist more and more often. Therefore, it is important to know their symptoms.

Tuberculosis of the skin is relatively rarely combined with severe pulmonary tuberculosis, although most often it is the result of the spread of tuberculosis from primary pulmonary-glandular tuberculous formations, less often - the result of direct infection through the blood. Most often, it manifests itself in the form of lupus.

Lupus (lupus) is the common name for a number of chronic skin diseases, in which various internal organs are often affected:

with lupus erythematosus, a red scaly rash appears on the face and progressive kidney damage is observed;
lupus vulgaris is a tuberculous skin lesion that develops as a result of direct penetration of tubercle bacilli into human skin;
people who re-ill with tuberculosis develop lupus erythematosus (skin lesion is characterized by the appearance of warty areas on it, especially on the skin of the hands).

The course and symptoms of the disease depend on the activity of the pathogen, the ways of its penetration, the localization of the process, the general condition of the body and therefore can be very diverse.

Skin disease vitiligo (dog)- this is a violation of pigmentation, expressed in the disappearance of normal pigment in certain areas of the skin. The cause of occurrence is unknown. It usually begins at a young age (more often in women) with the appearance of white spots of various sizes and shapes on the skin. The spots are usually located symmetrically (on both cheeks, on both hands, etc.), gradually increase in size, merge, forming extensive areas of milky white color. Vitiligo lesions can occur anywhere on the skin. The hair on the affected areas turns gray.

The disease does not affect the general condition and worries only from an aesthetic point of view.

What other skin diseases are

seborrhea- This is a skin disease characterized by a violation of the secretory function of the sebaceous glands. It occurs in both sexes, usually during puberty (12-18 years). The term "seborrhea" is translated as "saliferous". The activity of the sebaceous glands changes in the direction of both hyperfunction and hypofunction, therefore, two types of seborrhea are considered - dry (dandruff) and oily (with excessive sebum secretion).

There is no doubt that the disease is associated with neuro-endocrine disorders. The skin of the head, face, chest and back is affected, where a large number of sebaceous glands are located.

Blackheads (acne)- this is a collective designation of various skin rashes, often associated with dysfunction of the sebaceous glands.

There are several types of acne:

common, or juvenile, acne occurs during puberty, localized on the face, chest, back. They look like pink nodules reaching the size of a pea, sometimes with sebaceous plugs (comedones). They often fester. In their origin, hormonal changes, infection, hereditary predisposition matter;
red and rosacea occur more often in women over 40 years of age and are characterized by the appearance on the skin of the face of persistent dilations of small vessels and red nodules, sometimes with suppuration;
occupational and medical acne occurs as a result of contact with petroleum products, taking iodine, bromide, hormonal and some other drugs.

Damage to the skin as a result of thermal burns and frostbite

Damage to the skin as a result of a thermal burn due to exposure to high temperatures, chemicals, electric current and ionizing radiation is a serious injury.

The severity of the lesion is determined by the depth and extent of the burn.

Classification of burns according to the depth of pathological changes in tissues:

1st degree- redness and swelling;
2nd degree- formation of bubbles:
3rd degree- skin necrosis (dry or wet with fusion of dead tissue):
4th degree- charring of the skin and underlying tissues.

From the outside, the human body protects its largest organ and is therefore very vulnerable. The skin consists of 3 layers, epidermis, dermis and adipose tissue, each of which is subject to many diseases. In order to start treatment in a timely manner, it is important to know the forms and symptoms of such pathologies, their external manifestations.

Types of skin diseases

There are several options for classifying the described group of ailments, depending on their localization, the nature of the course, and the clinical picture. To simplify, skin diseases are usually distinguished according to the cause of occurrence. By clarifying the factors that provoked the problem under consideration, it is easier to establish a correct diagnosis and prescribe an effective treatment regimen.

Classification of dermatological diseases

By origin, the presented group of pathologies is divided into the following types:

To obtain information about any problem, it is important to know its exact name. Microbial dermatological skin disease - names:

acne
leprosy;
balanitis;
granulomatosis;
furunculosis;
ecthyma;
sycosis;
small cell keratolysis;
erysipeloid;
meningococcemia;
lymphangitis;
intertrigo;
abscess;
and others.

Viral skin diseases:

smallpox;
herpes;
molluscum contagiosum;
shingles;
warts;
papillomas and others.

Fungal diseases:

epidermophytosis;
candidiasis;
seborrhea;
nodular trichosporia;
trichophytosis;
multi-colored lichen;
scab;
rubrophytia;
microsporia and others.

scabies;
demodicosis;
leishmaniasis;
pediculosis and others.

Autoimmune diseases:

hives;
neurodermatitis;
pemphigus;
scleroderma;
dermatomyositis;
acrosclerosis;
psoriasis;
vasculitis;
pemphigoid;
systemic lupus erythematosus with manifestations on the skin;
dermatitis herpetiformis Dühring;
chloasma and others.

Oncological diseases:

adenocarcinoma;
squamous cell skin cancer;
basalioma;
melanoma and others.

Symptoms of skin diseases

The clinical picture of dermatological pathologies corresponds to their type and severity. Skin diseases also have common symptoms, among which may be observed:

rashes;
cracks;
ulcers;
redness, bruising and other changes in skin tone;
acne;
abscesses;
growths;
peeling;
erosion;
dryness;
blisters;
change in skin pigmentation;
inflammation;
pustules, papules and the like.

Skin diseases on the face

The most common problem in this area is acne. Acne is provoked by propionic bacteria, but various factors can stimulate their reproduction:

demodicosis;

herpes;

seborrheic dermatitis;

rosacea;

rosacea;

chloasma.

Skin diseases on the head

The epidermis of the hairy areas is also prone to dermatological ailments. Their main symptom is dandruff. Often, diseases of the scalp are accompanied by other characteristic signs:

hair loss;
peeling;
increased activity of the sebaceous glands;
end section;
fragility, fragility and dullness of hair;
rash on the scalp;
redness.

Common dermatological diseases of the hairy areas:

seborrhea;

ringworm;

pediculosis;

folliculitis.

Skin diseases on the body

The maximum amount of epidermis, dermis and adipose tissue protects the human body. The most pronounced and extensive lesions are provoked by the skin disease psoriasis, plaques sometimes cover up to 80% of the body. They have a specific appearance and structure, as seen in the photo, so the pathology is easily diagnosed even during the initial appointment with a dermatologist.

Other common skin ailments on the body:

shingles;

eczema;

acne;

pink deprive Zhibera;

allergic dermatitis;

hives;

skin melanoma;

warts.

Skin diseases on the hands

Palms and hands are constantly in contact with contaminated surfaces, chemicals and other irritants. The result of this can be a skin disease dermatitis, which has an autoimmune (allergic) nature. It manifests itself in the form of a reddish rash, prone to confluence and the formation of extensive foci of inflammation, peeling and itching.

The following diseases can also be found on the skin of the hands:

scabies;

eczema;

psoriasis;

mycosis;

felon;

neurodermatitis;

vitiligo;

warts.

Skin diseases on the legs

Feet most of the time are covered with shoes, subject to rubbing and minor damage, which contributes to the reproduction and spread of fungal infections. For this reason, fungal diseases of smooth skin are often diagnosed on the legs, accompanied by an unpleasant odor, exfoliation of the epidermis, and destruction of nails. Without treatment, such pathologies progress rapidly, become chronic.

Less often, the legs are affected by other skin diseases, the symptoms of which are shown in the photo:

dermatitis;

psoriasis;

hyperkeratosis;

corn;

plantar warts.

Skin diseases - diagnosis

To prescribe adequate treatment, a dermatologist needs to find out the type of pathology and the cause of its occurrence. Human skin diseases are diagnosed using the following methods:

clinical examination by a specialist;
collection of anamnesis;
registration of patient complaints and visual symptoms;
establishing the presence of an isomorphic reaction;
vitropressure (diascopy, pressure on damaged areas with glass);
layered scraping;
bacterioscopic or bacteriological examination;
cytological analysis of prints, smears;
determination of the cellular composition of the fluid separated from the affected surface;
histochemical and histological examination of the epidermis;
dermatography or dermatoscopy;
skin tests;
serological tests;
microscopic analysis of scrapings.

In addition to specific methods of examination, general methods for diagnosing diseases are used. Analysis is required:

blood (standard and biochemical, for sugar);
urine;
feces.

Depending on the suspected causes of the disease, the dermatologist may recommend the following tests:

hormonal panels;
allergy tests;
immune status;
ultrasound diagnostics of the gastrointestinal tract;
virology and others.

Treatment of skin diseases

The therapeutic approach is selected taking into account the cause of the established pathology. Diseases of the skin are treated with systemic and local drugs aimed at eliminating symptoms and combating pathogens:

In addition, phyto- and physiotherapy are used, general methods of treatment are suitable regardless of which skin disease has been detected:

rejection of harmful addictions;
diet correction;
normalization of the daily routine;
selection of the right skin care;
compliance with the drinking regime;
taking vitamins and minerals;
compliance with hygiene standards.

Skin diseases and their prevention

Some dermatological ailments cannot be prevented, especially if the cause of their occurrence is not yet known to medicine, for example, psoriasis or eczema. In other cases, the prevention of skin diseases comes down to the following recommendations:

Choosing the right cosmetics
Avoid visiting public places with high humidity (pools, saunas, baths and beaches), where sanitary requirements are not observed.
Adhere to hygiene rules, take a shower regularly, using cosmetic soap (gel) and a washcloth.
Avoid unprotected sex with unfamiliar partners.
Keep nails clean.
Do not use other people's towels, washcloths, razors and other personal items.
Do manicures, pedicures and hair removal only by certified masters who follow sanitary rules.
Follow nutrition.
Wash hands before eating, after going to the toilet and after coming from the street.
Use disinfectant spray or skin wipes when traveling on public transport.
Observe quarantine if a family member has contracted a dermatological disease.
Do not come into contact with infected people and animals.

It should be noted that only the causative agent of the infection is not enough for the development of the disease. For its vigorous activity and reproduction, certain conditions are necessary, for example, a weakening of the immune system. If a person has strong immunity, the disease may not be. If pathological symptoms still appear, you should contact a dermatologist.

We will talk about the most common infectious skin diseases, symptoms and treatment today:

Infectious skin diseases

Medical science and practice are aware of a large number of skin pathologies of an infectious nature. We briefly list the most common of them:

- pyoderma. A wide group of pustular diseases, the causative agent of which are bacteria: streptococci, staphylococci and pathogenic fungi.

The main symptom is follicles that appear mainly on the skin of the face, back, chest, armpits and scalp. If you do not seek medical help in a timely manner, there is a high risk of developing sepsis, a life-threatening condition.

- Actinomycosis. Chronic bacterial skin disease.
The main symptom is the appearance under the skin of a dense tuberous neoplasm (infiltrate), which consists of several nodules that have merged together. The skin in this area acquires a bluish-reddish tint. With the development of the disease, the infiltrate breaks through, forming fistulas from which purulent contents are released.

- Scabies. A highly contagious disease caused by a microscopic scabies mite. The causative agent can be distinguished with the naked eye - a small, poppy seed-sized, light, whitish dot.

The characteristic symptoms of infection include: severe itching of the skin at the site of the development of the pathogen, which eventually spreads to large areas of the body. Ticks reproduce quickly, so the disease also develops at an accelerated pace.

- Candidiasis. The causative agent is a yeast-like fungus of the genus Candida. In addition to the skin, it affects the mucous membranes and some internal organs. There are superficial candidiasis, affecting the outer integument and visceral, affecting the internal organs. Let's briefly describe the main ones:

Thrush or yeast stomatitis- often diagnosed in newborns or debilitated children. It is characterized by the appearance of a white film (plaque) on the oral mucosa.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis- develops as an independent pathology or is combined with other forms of candidiasis. It affects the mucous membranes of the genital organs, causing characteristic symptoms. In particular, it causes "curd" discharge and itching of the vagina.

Yeast balanitis or balanoposthitis affects the mucous membranes of the penis. It is characterized by the appearance of erosion, as well as grayish-white layers. Both of the above diseases are transmitted through sexual contact.

- Shingles. The causative agent is the herpes virus.
The main symptoms: the appearance on the skin of the body of characteristic pustular, painful rashes. There are also pains of a neuralgic nature, often the temperature rises. Patients complain of general malaise, weakness, headache, as well as nausea and vomiting.

- Condylomas (warts). There are ordinary, pointed, flat, plantar. The causative agent is some type of human papillomavirus. The virus is transmitted through direct contact, including sexual contact, as well as through accessories and objects belonging to the patient.

They are skin neoplasms, often small. Although sometimes they can merge and grow to impressive sizes.

- Lichen. It is a broad group of infectious diseases, although the nature of lichen has not yet been fully elucidated. It manifests itself in the form of skin, often itchy spots and papules, spreading over time throughout the skin. Ringworm affects the hair follicles and scalp.

- Erythema multiforme exudative. Infectious disease with an acute course. The seasonal form develops more often in spring or autumn. It is caused by an infection against the background of cold factors.

The toxic-allergic form occurs in connection with intoxication of the body with medicines or after vaccination (more often in children).

Both forms are characterized by skin rashes in the form of pinkish spots or slightly raised papules. Bubbles filled with serous and sometimes bloody contents may appear in their middle. The disease is also accompanied by general malaise, fever. Often there is pain in the throat and joints.

- Ostiofolliculitis or staphylococcal impetigo. The causative agent is often Staphylococcus aureus. The main cause of the disease is a violation of the rules of hygiene, excessive sweating. It is characterized by the appearance on the skin of small semicircular rashes filled with purulent contents. They are about the size of a pinhead. In the center of the abscess is a hair.

Accompanied by painful sensations in the area of dislocation of the rash. In the absence of adequate treatment, the infection can spread deep into the epidermis, provoking the development of folliculitis, the appearance of boils.

How are infectious skin diseases corrected, what treatment is effective?

Therapy of infectious diseases is carried out in a complex manner. Conventionally, all treatment is divided into several stages, which depend on the established diagnosis and the individual characteristics of the body of each patient.

Various methods of treatment are used: medications, including antibiotics of different groups. Homeopathic remedies, phyto and physiotherapy methods are also used. In certain cases, cryotherapy procedures are effective. Depending on the disease, ultraviolet blood irradiation may be needed. In addition, drugs are prescribed that improve the functioning of internal organs and strengthen the immune system.

For external use, certain ointments, gels, talkers and creams are used. As an additional treatment, effective folk remedies are used.

Treatment is usually carried out on an outpatient basis, although in especially severe cases, the patient is referred to a hospital.

In conclusion of our conversation, we recall that infectious skin diseases are contagious and quickly spread from a sick person to a healthy person. They are also fraught with serious complications. Therefore, in order not to harm the health of others and your own, they should be treated without fail, contacting a dermatologist as soon as possible. Be healthy!