How does the placenta rise along the anterior wall. Placenta previa on the anterior wall - a pathology or a slight deviation from the norm? Degrees of anterior presentation

Without the normal functioning of the placenta, it is impossible to imagine the full growth and development of the baby. This article will help you understand what placenta previa on the anterior wall of the uterus means and what it affects.

What it is?

To ensure the vital activity of the chorion, and in the future, the fetus, a full blood flow is required. The baby can receive all the nutrients and oxygen through the system of uteroplacental arteries. They pass through the placenta in large numbers, ensuring the growth and development of the fetus.

The main function, which is inherent in nature in the placental tissue, is to provide the fetus with nutrients, as well as its protection from external influences. How the placenta is located largely depends on the intrauterine development of the fetus. At a certain period of pregnancy, its movements help to determine the intensity of fetal growth.

The rate of intrauterine development of the baby also depends on how the placenta is attached. Attachment of placental tissue is determined, in fact, from the first weeks of pregnancy. The location of implantation of a fertilized egg affects where the placental tissue will be located.

The placenta is most often located on the back wall of the uterus in the region of its bottom. In some cases, it can also be located in the region of the side walls - either right or left. If there is a lot of placental tissue, then it can be attached to several uterine walls at once.

This physiological location of the placenta is explained quite simply. The blood supply in the area of the fundus of the uterus and its posterior wall is quite well expressed. This helps the fetus to grow quickly and intensively.

Obstetricians and gynecologists note that in some cases the placenta can also attach to the anterior wall of the uterus. It should be noted that this is much less common.

The normal attachment of the placenta along the back wall is due to nature not by chance. This arrangement is more beneficial for the intrauterine development of the fetus.

Placental tissue can be attached in different parts of the uterus. So, most often it is attached to the bottom. However, under certain conditions, the laying of placental tissue occurs below - in the region of the lower segment of the uterus. Too low location of the placental tissue is fraught with the development of its presentation.

Doctors consider placenta previa to be a pathology when the placental tissue is in close proximity to the internal os of the uterus. Normally, there is a certain distance between them. So, in the 2nd trimester, the placental tissue is normally 5 cm higher than the internal os. If this distance is significantly reduced, then this pathological condition is called presentation.

Doctors distinguish several clinical variants of placental tissue presentation. So, placenta previa can be central, marginal or lateral. Different clinical variants of this pathology are due to which wall the placental tissue is attached to.

Why is this happening?

Attachment of the placenta to the anterior wall of the uterus is due already from the earliest stages of pregnancy. It happens quite simply. A fertilized egg, for some reason, cannot attach to the bottom of the uterus and begins to sink lower. So she descends almost to the internal pharynx, where her implantation takes place.

The development of anterior placenta previa can contribute to various gynecological diseases. Chronic inflammation that occurs in the reproductive organs of a woman leads to their damage. In this case, the mucous membrane lining the inner surface of the uterus changes. Such changes contribute to the fact that a fertilized egg can attach in the lower sections.

The placenta can be attached to the anterior wall of the uterus even if the woman has undergone a number of gynecological operations. So, curettage or the consequences of surgical abortions can contribute to the development of this type of presentation.

Doctors note that the risk of developing placenta previa is slightly higher in multiparous women. If at the same time a woman has a burdened obstetric and gynecological history, then the likelihood of anterior presentation of placental tissue increases several times.

Various congenital pathologies of the reproductive organs can also contribute to the development of this pathology. Placenta previa can occur in women suffering from uterine hypoplasia. Anatomical defects in the structure of the uterus can also contribute to the development of this pathology.

Features of this location

Attachment of placental tissue along the anterior wall is less physiological. This arrangement of placental tissue has both disadvantages and advantages. The pros are much less than the cons.

It should also be noted that such a clinical situation requires a specific medical approach. A pregnant woman who has such an arrangement of the placenta requires quite careful monitoring by doctors.

pros

The advantages of anterior placenta previa include the possibility of migration. During several months of waiting for the baby to be born, the placental tissue can change its position. Doctors note that the placental tissue with anterior placenta previa is much easier to move than with the posterior one.

Minuses

It is noted that the placenta is extremely rarely attached to the anterior wall of the uterus. This feature is of great biological importance. This is explained quite simply. The placental tissue is very delicate. It can be easily damaged due to various external traumatic influences.

The location of the placenta along the anterior wall of the uterus can be dangerous for the development of its detachment. In this case, abdominal trauma can contribute to the development of dangerous uterine bleeding. If it is too intense, then in such a situation, acute oxygen starvation of the fetus may develop, which means that there will be a strong threat to the life of the baby.

Is it possible for the placenta to migrate?

Migration is considered to be a change in the original location of the placenta. Experts believe that a change in the localization of placental tissue during presentation along the anterior wall is possible. This is usually warned by pregnant women and doctors when contacting them for advice.

When a placenta previa to the anterior wall is detected in the early stages of pregnancy, the expectant mother should not panic first of all. Before the onset of childbirth is still quite far away. During this time, the placental tissue can shift and even significantly change its position.

Such changes are assessed through ultrasound. As a rule, doctors prescribe several consecutive ultrasound examinations to track the dynamics. With placental tissue previa, vaginal examinations often should not be performed. The lower the placenta is, the more likely it is to be damaged. Tracking the dynamics of the location of the placental tissue during presentation is very important. It helps doctors detect developing complications in a timely manner and take the necessary measures to improve the situation.

It should be noted that in most cases the placental tissue changes its position rather slowly. It is optimal if this process occurs in the female body within 6-10 weeks. In this case, the likelihood that the expectant mother will experience any pronounced uncomfortable symptoms is quite low. Usually, the migration of placental tissue is completely completed by the middle of the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.

If for some reason the placental tissue moves too quickly, adverse symptoms may also occur. The most dangerous of them are the development of bleeding and detachment of placental tissue from the uterine wall. As a rule, adverse symptoms develop if the migration of the placenta occurs in 1-2 weeks. The rate of placental migration depends on many factors and reasons, including how high the placental tissue was initially located.

Consequences

During a pregnancy that occurs with the development of anterior placenta previa, various surprises can be expected. Usually, adverse symptoms begin to develop from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. The course of the 3rd trimester can also be complicated by the development of a number of pathologies.

Expectant mothers should remember that the presence of placenta previa is not a sentence for the birth of a healthy child. Quite a few women have already encountered such a pathology, who gave birth to their healthy, long-awaited babies.

It is important to remember that such a “special” pregnancy only requires a more careful attitude of the expectant mother to her health, as well as careful monitoring of the course of intrauterine development of the fetus by specialists.

With a low location of the placenta and its presentation, the most dangerous complication is, perhaps, the development of bleeding. If it's strong enough, it won't go unnoticed. In this situation, a woman notices the appearance of blood from the genital tract. The severity of bleeding can be different, the color of the blood - from bright red to dark brown. In this situation, the main thing is to remember that when such bleeding occurs, women with placenta previa should immediately seek advice from an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Placental abruption is another complication that can develop during such a pregnancy. The severity of the resulting disorders in this case largely depends on how much the placenta has exfoliated from the uterine wall.

If this area is small, then detachment can only be detected through ultrasound. In this case, a woman may not even have spotting from the genital tract, or they will be so insignificant that they will be ignored.

If the placental tissue exfoliates strongly enough, then in such a situation it is already possible to suspect this condition by clinical symptoms. So, the expectant mother begins to feel pretty bad. She develops severe weakness, pain in the abdomen may develop, and bloody discharge from the genital tract also appears.

Severe placental abruption is also dangerous and a violation of the general condition of the fetus. Violation of oxygen supply leads to the fact that the fetus begins to experience hypoxia - oxygen starvation. This situation, as a rule, contributes to the fact that the clinical parameters of the fetus change. So, his heart rate and motor activity significantly change.

With the development of severe placental abruption, a pregnant woman needs to be urgently hospitalized in a hospital. The further algorithm of medical actions will largely depend on what the gestational age is.

If the threat to the life of the mother or fetus is too high, doctors will be forced to resort to emergency obstetric care. It is carried out according to vital indications.

How is childbirth going?

The choice of tactics of obstetrics in placenta previa, as a rule, is quite responsible. The life and health of the expectant mother and her baby depend on this.

It should be noted that at present, more and more obstetrician-gynecologists give their preference to the surgical method of childbirth, choosing a caesarean section. In this situation, the threat of developing birth injuries and injuries is much lower. Of course, caesarean section has certain disadvantages, since it is essentially a surgical operation.

However, with placenta previa, saving the life of the baby is important.

The medical features of the passage of pregnancy are not known to everyone. Most expectant mothers bear a child without thinking about the physiological processes in the body. For her, the main thing is to bear a strong healthy baby, to give birth naturally, on her own.

And yet you need to know the basic foundations of the physiology of pregnancy. For example, about the location of the placenta. This organ plays a decisive role in the successful development of the fetus: the health of the mother during the gestation period directly depends on its position and functionality.

Correct location of the placenta

The placenta (also called children's place)- a vital organ that ensures normal blood circulation between mother and baby. Its formation begins from the first weeks of the term, the organ acquires its final form by the 16th week. The fetus is connected to the placenta by two arteries and a vein located in the umbilical cord. Through these vessels, the child receives nutrients, oxygen, and the release of waste products is ensured. Also, the protective surface of the amnion (water shell) protects the body from a possible Rh conflict.

From the point of view of physiology, the correct placental location during pregnancy is when the organ is attached to the bottom of the uterus or along the back wall in the upper part. As the fetus develops, the uterus stretches and the back remains tight, so the position of the placenta on the back is the safest.

Cases of placenta attachment not on the bottom or back wall, but on the sides, on the right or left, are common. This arrangement is not a pathology. Under conditions of careful monitoring of the pregnant woman, resolution occurs naturally.

In rare cases, the organ is attached to the anterior wall of the uterus, which means an increase in stress due to uterine distension, due to the movement of the growing fetus. If the child's place is located high in the front, this feature is safe for the female body.

Is it worth it to panic with such a diagnosis?

The anterior placental location increases the risk of possible complications during the period of gestation and childbirth. It is worth understanding what causes this risk.

Due to excessive loads, sometimes the placenta descends to the cervix of the uterus, blocking the birth canal. If the placental attachment is fixed at a distance of 6 cm above the internal os, this position is called low placentation. Pathology is called placenta previa along the anterior wall. With such a diagnosis, the expectant mother will not be able to give birth to a child on her own, childbirth occurs operably.

Reasons for this condition

Anterior placentation is more often due to the following factors:

repeated births;
a scar on the uterus left after a previous caesarean section or other operations;
pathology of the cervix (erosion, fibroids, endometriosis, endocervicitis, underdevelopment);
abortions;
inflammatory diseases;
bad habits;
late age of the mother.

Possible Complications

The danger of the diagnosis lies in the fact that along with it the risk of concomitant complications increases:

Increased uterine tone, bleeding lead to threats of miscarriage in the early and late stages.
Oxygen starvation of the child is reflected in its development.
Circulatory failure causes anemia or hypotension.
Early detachment of the placenta at a long time, due to the pressure of the weight of the fetus. This in some cases leads to his death.
Incorrect position of the fetus causes complications during childbirth.
premature birth. Self resolution is not possible. Internal os, covered by the placenta with a distance of 4 cm or 3 cm - indicators of caesarean section.

Diagnostic methods

Statistics show: in 75% of women diagnosed with "anterior presentation" childbirth is repeated. With treatment and the right lifestyle, the placenta migrates, the organ rises to its original place. According to the reviews of women who had a lower placentation along the anterior wall, the baby's place migrates by the time of delivery.

The main symptom by which one can understand the wrong placental location is sudden painless bleeding. Sexual intercourse, physical activity, the process of defecation, a vaginal examination by a gynecologist can provoke blood discharge. There is a version about the psychological cause of the condition. In a woman who fears for the loss of an unborn baby, the instinct of self-preservation works, the body blocks the exit with a child's place. Various stresses affect the well-being of the mother.

Indirect signs speak of pathology:

rare weak movements of the baby;
weak listening to the baby's heartbeat;
large belly - the fetus presses with weight on the child's place, the walls are stretched, the bottom of the uterus is stretched.

Pathology is diagnosed by a vaginal examination by a gynecologist to identify the following signs:

Standing of the fundus of the uterus.
Violation of the position of the fetus.
Formations of a soft consistency, partially or completely covering the internal pharynx.
Listening to blood flow through the vessels of the reproductive organ.

Later, an ultrasound examination is prescribed, which reveals the peculiarities of the position of the child's place. The mother is prescribed full bed rest with medications: hemostatic and reducing contractions of the reproductive organ. If by the time of delivery the predominant localization of the placenta does not change, a caesarean section is scheduled according to the plan.

How is pregnancy with such a diagnosis going?

Despite the possible complications, the chances of a favorable course of pregnancy are high. The main condition is compliance with the regimen prescribed by the gynecologist. There is no treatment for presentation with a 100% guarantee, since it is impossible to change the position of the child's place and fix it closer to the uterine fundus.

But you can reduce the risk of complications if the following conditions are met:

Bed rest depending on the state of health of the pregnant woman.
Taking medications prescribed by a doctor.
Bleeding causes anemia, so a diet is prescribed that normalizes hemoglobin levels.
Thermal procedures are completely prohibited: baths, saunas, hot baths.
Exclusion of physical activity: lifting weights, having sex, long trips. Anxiety and stress are completely excluded.

Anemia caused by bleeding is treated with iron supplements.

The diet of a pregnant woman includes foods that increase hemoglobin:

beef
liver
apples
grenades
peaches
walnuts
dried fruits
beet
black chocolate
citruses.

What to do if the placenta is located on the anterior wall

If the child's place is located not closer to the bottom of the uterus, but along the front, the expectant mother should know that this fact means a feature of the body, and not a disease. Pathology is the lower placentation. Therefore, there is no need to worry or panic. Medical supervision, attention to health and adherence to the regime will make pregnancy a pleasant and exciting period of life. If the front presentation is not associated with complications, then the mother's well-being does not suffer.

The task of doctors in this situation: monitor the condition of the placenta and check blood for clotting and hemoglobin levels.

Mother's task: take care of yourself and the child, at the slightest abnormal sign, notify the doctor. If the slightest spotting appears, you do not need to wait for a scheduled appointment.

In cases of increased tone of the uterus, and the woman will feel it because the stomach will be very hard, frequent touching of it is undesirable.

Features of childbirth with anterior presentation

Anterior placentation does not affect the condition and health of the baby. If there are no complications, it is quite possible that childbirth will be easy and quick, naturally.

A caesarean section increases the risk of blood loss. The incision during the operation is made at the level of the placental location of the placenta, there is a risk of damaging it with a scalpel. Therefore, the placental location is taken into account and the features of the operation are adjusted.

About the placenta and anomalies of its location are described in detail in this video:

Conclusion

Expectant mothers increase the body's sensitivity to various changes inside the body. It seems to them that you will only feel bad, this already speaks of serious pathologies. Such experiences are in vain. During pregnancy, a woman's body experiences an additional load, so small health problems are natural.

Low placentation occurs in 3% of women. If, nevertheless, such a diagnosis is made, then remember that a serious attitude to your own health and the health of the unborn child will help raise the placenta, which will increase the chances of giving birth naturally.

The placenta is a "bridge" from the mother's body to the child, which supplies oxygen and all the necessary substances for its development. This intermediary also removes toxins, the waste products of the embryo, thus protecting it. Due to the importance of the placenta, doctors closely monitor its condition and location. Let's figure out what the norm should be and what the placenta is along the anterior wall.

How should it be located?

For the proper growth and development of the baby, it is important that the placenta is formed properly. Its location is an important factor in the proper course of pregnancy.

Ideally, the placenta should be attached to the back wall of the uterus, in its upper part and closer to the bottom. Indeed, as the fetus grows, the walls of the uterus are very stretched. But not evenly, but more along the front wall. She thins out considerably. The back wall remains dense and less prone to stretching.

Therefore, the attachment of the embryo to the back wall is considered natural and normal, because the placenta does not have the properties of stretching. That is, the placenta along the back wall is less subject to loads that burden it. This means that the attachment of the fetus along the back wall and the development of the placenta is ideal.

Options for placing the placenta can be different: lateral attachment (to the right or left of the back wall), on the anterior wall of the uterus. The last option is the most dangerous. After all, the placenta on the anterior wall is subject to heavy loads due to uterine distension, the activity of the fetus and mother. This is the risk of damage to the placenta or its premature detachment. Also, the placenta can descend close to the pharynx of the uterus, and can block the exit to the birth canal.

Causes of anterior presentation

Why is placenta previa along the anterior wall? The reasons for this are not well understood. One of the main ones is damage (of the inner layer of the uterus). That is, the consequences of inflammation, curettage, scars from operations. The cause of placenta previa along the anterior wall may be its other pathologies. By the way, in primiparous women, this pathology is found much less frequently than in the second, third births. Gynecologists explain this by the state of the inner lining of the uterus.

But the cause of this pathology can be not only mother. Sometimes the problem lies in the development of the fetal egg. The developmental delay contributes to the fact that it does not have time to infiltrate the endometrium on time. Then implantation takes place in the lower part of the uterus.

Often the fetal egg is attached to the anterior wall of the uterus, but in its upper part. Then the placenta migrates down.

Diagnostics

Anterior placenta previa is diagnosed in several ways. Palpation gives different sensations with full and partial presentation. In the first case, the gynecologist feels to the touch that the cervix of the uterus is completely blocked by the placenta. If the presentation is partial, then the doctor feels the placental tissue and fetal membranes. But the lateral and marginal presentation are equally perceived during examination. That is, a doctor without additional research will not be able to determine what kind of partial presentation in question. This study is an ultrasound. Therefore, expectant mothers are strongly recommended to attend all scheduled examinations and ultrasound examinations.

Treatment of pregnant women with anterior presentation

The treatment process means constant monitoring and observation by a gynecologist, timely, and sometimes additional studies. At the same time, not only the state of the placenta, but also the pregnant woman is monitored. In an anterior presentation, blood tests are checked for hemoglobin and blood clotting. After all, anemia or blood incoagulability can be fatal for a woman in case of bleeding.

If this happens for more than 24 weeks, the woman is admitted to the hospital. At the same time, the hospital should have an intensive care unit in case of a large loss of blood. The main purpose of such women is absolute peace. After stopping the bleeding, as a rule, a woman is left in the hospital until delivery, because she needs to be monitored regularly and often. Usually, doctors successfully prolong the pregnancy at least until the life of the fetus can be saved.

So, if you have an anterior placenta previa, then you should take care of yourself as much as possible. You must protect the stomach, move carefully and avoid impacts on it in every possible way. Let it even be the desire of one of the relatives to stroke your stomach with the best of intentions. This is especially dangerous in the later stages, because it can cause false,.

Be healthy and calm!

Especially for Elena TOLOCHIK

The placenta is formed in the first weeks of pregnancy and acts as a conductor of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removal of its waste products, and also serves as a barrier to infections.

There are several options for its attachment in the uterus. One of them is the location on the front wall. Having heard such a verdict from a doctor, it is important for a woman to know how this threatens the normal course of pregnancy and the development of the child.

From a physiological point of view, the attachment of the placenta along the posterior wall is considered the most optimal. The fact is that during pregnancy, the walls of the uterus are stretched unevenly. As the child grows, the front wall increases in size and stretches more, while the back wall retains its density and stretches much less.

The anterior wall becomes thinner as it stretches. From this it becomes clear that for the normal functioning of the placenta, the location along the back wall is more advantageous, because in this way it is subjected to a minimum of stress.

Advantages of the back wall

The placenta is provided with immobility - placenta previa along the posterior wall is extremely rare, the placenta does not fall down and there is no threat of pregnancy.
Uterine contractions and increased tone will not increase.
The placenta is less exposed to shocks and shocks from the baby during movements.
Lower risk increment.
Lower risk of injury to the placenta in case of accidental impact to the abdomen.
With a caesarean section, the risk of bleeding is lower.

Causes of anterior placenta previa

However, not always everything during pregnancy happens according to the ideal scenario. Often the placenta is attached in a different place - on the side or in front. At the moment, many doctors consider the attachment of the placenta along the anterior wall as a variant of the norm, requiring special observation.

There can be many reasons why the placenta is attached to the anterior wall of the uterus. The mechanism of such attachment has not been fully studied, but it has been found that it can be provoked by:

change in the endometrium of the uterus;
Features of the development and implementation of the fetal egg;
scars and adhesions on the walls of the uterus.

Various inflammatory diseases of the genital area, endometriosis can lead to changes in the endometrium.

Cicatricial changes on the walls of the uterus appear as a result of operations on the uterus, abortions, inflammatory diseases. This leads to the conclusion that multiple abortions and caesarean sections increase the risk of anterior attachment of the placenta.

According to statistics, such attachment rarely occurs during the first pregnancy. But in multiparous and multiparous women, this is a much more frequent occurrence, which can be explained by changes in the uterus and a special inner lining.

If for some reason the fetal egg does not have time to penetrate into the endometrium for a certain time, then it is attached to the anterior wall.

Possible complications of anterior attachment of the placenta to the uterus

Is there any danger in this position of the placenta? It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously.

The fact is that with a high location of the placenta along the anterior wall, pregnancy can proceed quite normally and end in natural childbirth without pathologies.

At the same time, there are some risks. This is due to the fact that the placenta is an organ that is not capable of stretching. And when the wall on which it is attached begins to stretch too actively, complications are possible.

First of all, this is insufficient functioning of the placenta and a violation of the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. And this in turn can lead to or .

If the distance to the uterine pharynx is reduced to 4 cm, we will talk about such a complication of the anterior location as. Anterior placenta previa can cause dysfunction of the placenta,.

In extremely rare cases (if located too low), the placenta can completely block the cervix of the uterus, which excludes the possibility of natural childbirth. More often this complication develops during repeated pregnancy.

Anterior placenta previa in combination with placental insufficiency can provoke such a formidable complication of pregnancy as partial or complete abruption.

In some cases, indirect symptoms are:

weakly felt fetal movements;
difficulties with - sometimes the sound of the heart is completely inaudible in the absence of pathology of the fetal cardiovascular system;
Large belly.

Unpleasant symptoms may appear if the placenta begins to descend and its presentation occurs. In this case, a woman should pay attention to:

severity and;

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis is quite simple and is based on a gynecological examination and ultrasound.

Only ultrasound gives a complete picture of how the placenta is located and whether there is a risk of its presentation.

Therefore, you should not refuse to undergo an ultrasound scan on time. The sooner such a feature of the course of pregnancy is revealed, the easier it will be to prevent possible complications.

Features of pregnancy management

In itself, the anterior location does not cause a woman any trouble and does not worsen her well-being. Being just a feature of the course of pregnancy, it does not require treatment. In addition, there is no treatment for it, since it is impossible to influence the location of the placenta, as well as change its position and move it to the back wall.

However, this feature of pregnancy requires constant and close monitoring in order not to miss the possible onset of complications, which are still more likely with an anterior location than with a normal one.

To reduce the risk, pregnant women with this arrangement are advised to rest more, to completely refuse to lift weights (even if it seems that the objects are not heavy at all), to avoid excitement, stress, and physical exertion.

If, then you should try to touch your stomach as little as possible so as not to provoke an increase in tone and placental abruption.

This is especially important in the later stages.

It is important to visit the doctor on time so as not to miss changes in the placenta and its location. This approach will allow you to notice in time that the children's place tends to move down.

Childbirth with placenta on the anterior wall

In the absence of complications, such an arrangement of the child's place has no effect on the course of childbirth. Moreover, some women note that childbirth is easier and faster. But this is true when it comes to natural childbirth.

If a woman is shown a caesarean section, then the anterior location can complicate the course of the operation, increasing the risk of large blood loss. This is due to the fact that the incision is made in the place where the placenta is located.

Therefore, when indications for caesarean section, doctors must take into account the location of the placenta and adjust the surgical intervention in such a way as to minimize the risks of large blood loss. Naturally, for this, a woman must be regularly observed and have all the necessary studies.

The anterior location has no effect on the health of the born child.

Anterior location is not a pathology, but an individual feature of pregnancy.

Therefore, do not worry and expect complications - in the vast majority of cases, everything ends with a successful birth without complications. The only feature here is the need for closer monitoring of the course of pregnancy.

In contact with

The placenta is an organ that begins to develop after the fertilization of the egg has occurred.

The placenta connects the mother and the fetus, it depends on it how the pregnancy will proceed. This organ begins to develop from about the 10th week of pregnancy, but the final formation occurs by the 16th week. Up to this point, the embryo feeds and develops with the help of the fetal membrane. The condition of the child directly depends on the placenta.

For the normal course of pregnancy, it is very important how it will be formed, as well as the functioning and location. As a rule, during the second trimester, the placenta is attached very high, the distance to the pharynx is about 5 centimeters. During the third trimester, the distance is 7 centimeters. The low location of the above organ is diagnosed when the distance to the throat is 3 centimeters.

Correct location

A good place in the uterus where the placenta should be attached is the back wall. The uterine muscles with the constant development of the child begin to stretch, but the distribution of this process begins unevenly. The front wall starts to stretch very well, and the back wall does not change much. As a result, it turns out that after some time the front wall becomes thin, and the back wall remains the same as it was before the conception period.

That is why it turns out that it is best when the placenta is attached to the back wall, the loads become minimal. Also, do not miss the fact that the fetus can be fixed to other parts of the uterus. There may also be a lateral location, this is the norm. As a rule, if the placenta is located on the anterior wall, it is impossible to speak with accuracy about the deviation, of course, any other place would be much better. There are a number of positive factors for finding the placenta on the back wall.

Lack of mobility. Due to the fact that the back wall of the uterus does not stretch, it is denser and thicker. When the contraction of the above organ occurs, there will be no loads, respectively, the possibility of placental abruption decreases.
Minimum injury. When the fetus begins to move, rotate, the process of grazing the placenta does not occur.
Minimal chance of occurrence from puff.

More on the topic: Nodular uterine fibroids

If a woman in position was diagnosed with an anterior localization of the placenta, there is no need to immediately panic and wind yourself up, since there is nothing to worry about. As a rule, even with this diagnosis, a woman can give birth to a baby without complications. The only factor in the above diagnosis is constant monitoring by a leading doctor.

What could be the danger?

As previously mentioned, the muscles of the anterior wall have the ability to stretch, and this will provoke damage to the placenta from stretch marks, and the work of this organ will not be the same as before. In certain situations, placental abruption can occur. Due to the constant growth and stretching of the uterine walls, there is a possibility of the front wall dropping down.

It is extremely rare, but it can still happen in second-born women that the above organ can go down so much that the cervix of the uterus is blocked, and this is dangerous because the baby’s path to the exit is closed. If this situation occurs, then the pregnant woman must be operated on (caesarean section), since she herself will not be able to give birth. Also, if the placenta along the anterior wall increases the likelihood of early labor, and in the first two trimesters, the possibility of miscarriage increases.

If the above diagnosis is made, then a woman in position can be diagnosed preeclampsia, and the baby has oxygen starvation. This occurs due to the fact that the baby begins to put pressure on the placenta, and he blocks oxygen.

Factors affecting the location of the placenta

In addition to the main reason - stretching of the uterine muscles, there are still certain factors that can affect the prolapse of the above organ. Experts identify several types of reasons.

Deformation of the inner walls of the uterus, which can be affected by any inflammatory process.
or an infection.
Previously transferred surgical interventions, after which adhesions or small scars could form on the uterus.
Bearing multiple children.

More on the topic: Diagnosis and treatment of lactostasis

Also, one of the reasons may be the fact that the fetus attached to the wall at a time when it had already sunk to the bottom. According to statistics, women who give birth not for the first time fall into the risk group.

Classifications

According to statistics, the placenta of the anterior wall in the third trimester in pregnant women occurs in approximately 3%. During the second trimester, the diagnosis is made after an ultrasound scan, it is found that the place where the fetus is located is quite low.

This is due to the fact that the placenta moves as the uterus begins to grow, thereby moving the placenta up. Two classifications of the presentation of the above organ have been recorded, which are determined during the period of bearing a child, as well as at the initial stage of the birth process.

Presentation at the initial stage of labor with the opening of the cervix.

Central.
Regional.
Lateral.

The result of an ultrasound examination can show what degree the placenta is on the anterior wall.

First. The organ is localized in the lower part of the uterus at a distance of at least 3 centimeters from the pharynx.
Second. The above organ is localized near the pharynx, but does not overlap it.
Third. The pharynx is completely closed by the lower part of the placenta, there remains a particle of the child's place, which is asymmetrical.
Fourth. The main part of the placenta completely covers the pharynx, the edges are all symmetrical.

Symptoms of manifestation. Diagnosis.

The moment when the placenta is attached to the front wall, the expectant mother does not feel at all. That is why quite often it is not possible to make a diagnosis on time. In certain cases, a pregnant woman may find bleeding from the vagina, which may be intermittent. This symptom occurs in the first stages of pregnancy.

In cases where a woman is in the last trimester of pregnancy and she has bleeding, this is the main signal of a premature puff of the placenta.

Features with the above diagnosis.

The baby's heartbeat is remote, it is very difficult to listen to it, sometimes it does not work at all.
The belly of a pregnant woman can be huge, which can cause stretch marks.
The movements of the baby are felt weaker.