Hormonal preparations for women. Hormonal oral contraceptives

Hormonal drugs are a group of drugs used for hormone therapy and containing hormones or their synthesized analogues.

The effect of hormonal drugs on the body is well studied, and most of the studies are freely available to a wide range of readers.

There are hormonal agents containing hormones of natural origin (they are made from the glands of slaughtered cattle, urine and blood of various animals and humans), including both plant and synthetic hormones and their analogues, which naturally differ from natural ones in their chemical composition. , however, produce the same physiological effect on the body.

Hormonal agents are prepared in the form of oily and aqueous formulations for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration, as well as in the form of tablets and ointments (creams).

Effect

Traditional medicine uses hormonal drugs for diseases that are associated with a lack of production of certain hormones by the human body, for example, insulin deficiency in diabetes, sex hormones - with reduced ovarian function, triiodothyronine - with myxedema. This therapy is called substitution therapy and is carried out over a very long period of the patient's life, and sometimes throughout his life. Also, hormonal preparations, in particular, containing glucocorticoids, are prescribed as anti-allergic or anti-inflammatory drugs, and mineralocorticoids are prescribed for myasthenia gravis.

Important female hormones

In the female body, a very large number of hormones “work”. Their well-coordinated work allows a woman to feel like a woman.

Estrogens

These are “female” hormones that stimulate the growth and function of the female genital organs and the growth of the mammary glands. In addition, they are responsible for the appearance of female secondary sexual characteristics, i.e., breast enlargement, fat deposition, and female-type muscle formation. In addition, these hormones are responsible for the cyclical nature of menstruation. They are produced by the ovaries in women, the testicles in men, and the adrenal cortex in both sexes. These hormones affect bone growth and water-salt balance. After menopause, women experience less estrogen. This can lead to hot flashes, sleep disturbance and atrophy of the organs of the genitourinary system. Also, a lack of estrogen can be the cause of osteoporosis that develops in postmenopause.

Androgens

Produced by the ovaries in women, the testes in men, and the adrenal cortex in both sexes. These hormones can be called "male". In certain concentrations, they cause in women the development of male secondary sexual characteristics (coarseness of the voice, facial hair growth, baldness, muscle growth “in the wrong places”). Androgens increase libido in both sexes.

A large amount of androgens in the female body can lead to partial atrophy of the mammary glands, uterus and ovaries and infertility. During pregnancy, under the influence of an excessive amount of these substances, a miscarriage can occur. Androgens can reduce the secretion of vaginal lubrication, while sexual intercourse becomes painful for a woman.

Progesterone

Progesterone is called the "pregnancy" hormone. It is produced by the corpus luteum of the ovaries, and during pregnancy also by the placenta. Progesterone helps to maintain pregnancy, stimulates the development of the mammary glands and "prepares" the uterus for bearing the fetus. During pregnancy, its level increases by 15 times. This hormone helps us get the most out of what we eat and increases our appetite. During pregnancy, these are very useful qualities, but if its formation rises at another time, this contributes to the appearance of extra pounds.

luteinizing hormone

Produced by the pituitary gland. It regulates the secretion of estrogen by the ovaries in women, and is also responsible for ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum.

Follicle-stimulating hubbub

Synthesized by the pituitary gland. Stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, estrogen secretion and ovulation. Gonadotropic hormones (FSH - follicle-stimulating hormone, LH - luteinizing hormone and prolactin), produced in the adenohypophysis, determine the sequence of maturation of follicles in the ovary, ovulation (egg release), development and functioning of the corpus luteum.

Prolactin

This hormone is also produced by the pituitary gland. In addition, the mammary gland, placenta, central nervous system and immune system are involved in its secretion. Prolactin stimulates the growth and development of the mammary glands and is involved in the formation of the maternal instinct. It is necessary for lactation, increases milk secretion and converts colostrum into milk.

This hormone prevents a new pregnancy from occurring while the baby is breastfeeding. It is also involved in providing orgasm and has an analgesic effect. Prolactin is called the stress hormone. Its production increases during stressful conditions, anxiety, depression, severe pain, psychosis, and the action of adverse external factors.

All these hormones are very important for the proper functioning of the body of a woman. They allow the female body to function normally.

Features of hormonal drugs

Such a broad concept as "hormonal drugs" includes various drugs:

Contraceptives.
Treating (drugs whose action cures diseases, for example, somatotropin in childhood treats dwarfism caused by its deficiency).
Regulatory (various pills to normalize the menstrual cycle or hormonal levels).
Maintenance (insulin for diabetics).

All of them have a different effect on the body of a woman.

Contraceptives

Without contraceptives, avoiding an unwanted pregnancy is difficult, and constantly using condoms or other mechanical methods of contraception can be uncomfortable. Therefore, for the representatives of the weaker sex, many drugs have been developed that, when taken, pregnancy does not occur.

Most often, the action of contraceptives is that they do not allow the egg to attach to the walls of the uterus, so the development of the fetus becomes impossible. The use of contraceptives in the form of tablets is popular today, but along with positive qualities, there are also negative consequences for a woman's body:

violation of the menstrual cycle (with the wrong selection of the drug);
swelling and weight gain (due to the body not taking medication);
hair loss, brittle nails and dry skin (due to improper selection);
lethargy, feeling unwell, decreased libido.

But all these qualities in 90% of cases are manifested in the wrong or self-selection of contraceptives. Such serious drugs can only be picked up by a gynecologist, because for this it is necessary to analyze the data of the hormonal background of a woman. In no case do not prescribe oral contraceptives on your own, because if one girl did not feel bad from some contraceptives, this does not mean that they will suit others.

But not everyone can use this method of protection.

There are several contraindications for the use of hormonal contraceptives:

problems with the background;
taking antibiotics;
pregnancy;
problems with the cardiovascular system;
age less than 17 years;
overweight and allergic reactions.

During the period of such protection, chronic diseases can worsen. Discuss all the details with your doctor or gynecologist before you start taking contraceptives.

Side effects

In the instructions for hormonal contraceptives, mental disorders are sometimes indicated as side effects. Usually it is depression and anxiety disorders. Fear attacks or panic attacks are not always listed separately, because they are often reduced to just anxiety disorders. Although they deserve special attention and can greatly ruin the life of a woman who uses contraceptives. According to studies conducted by the Royal Society of General Practitioners, women taking hormonal contraception have an increased risk of mental illness, neurotic depression (10-40%), the development of psychosis, and suicide. Increased aggressiveness, there is a change in mood and behavior. It is possible that this factor has a significant impact on the life of the family and society.

Considering that even the normally observed fluctuations in the levels of endogenous hormones during the menstrual cycle affect the mood in women (for example, according to data from France and England, 85% of the crimes committed by women occur during their premenstrual period), it becomes clear why when taking GC aggressiveness and depression increase by 10-40%.

Under the influence of contraception, the level of the hormone testosterone, which is responsible for sexuality, is significantly reduced. Women taking hormonal contraceptives often complain of a lack of desire, libido, and difficulty getting an orgasm. It is known that long-term use of hormonal contraceptives can cause irreversible changes in sexuality and libido. Due to the blocking of testosterone in very young girls using contraceptives, there is sexual coldness, often anorgasmia.

Particular attention when taking hormonal contraceptives should be paid to the following recommendations:

pills designed to prevent unwanted pregnancy do not protect the female body from sexually transmitted diseases;
women over 35 years of age when taking combined contraceptive pills should stop smoking, since in this case the risk of blockage of blood vessels increases significantly;
during feeding, it is undesirable to use tablets of a combined composition, since the estrogen in their composition affects the quality and composition of milk. In this case, tablets are prescribed containing only the hormone of the corpus luteum;
with the appearance of nausea, dizziness, indigestion, you should seek the advice of a specialist;
if you are prescribed drugs, you must inform your doctor that you are taking hormonal contraceptives;
if there was a pass in taking the pills, then there is a need to use additional contraceptives, for example, condoms;
for women with severe forms of endocrine diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, as well as those with pathology of the heart and blood vessels, neoplasms, taking oral contraceptives is undesirable.

treating

This group heals the body from diseases and disorders. Such hormonal preparations can be in the form of a tablet or topical application. The former are used to treat serious diseases caused by abnormalities in the hormonal background. The latter affect more locally, in places of use.

Often, girls synthesize few hormones responsible for the synthesis of new cells, so cracks or bleeding wounds appear on the skin, especially in winter, which do not heal. For their treatment, a dermatologist may prescribe a cream, ointment, lotion with certain hormones.

Often, ointments contain corticosteroids, which, when applied to the skin, are absorbed into the blood within a few hours and begin to act. How does this group affect the body? This issue should be approached seriously, because the medications most require attention when prescribing, determining the dosage and duration of the course, because the wrong step will cause complications of existing disorders.

Regulatory

Due to the crazy pace of life, daily poor nutrition, bad habits, sedentary lifestyle and newfangled diets, women often suffer from menstrual irregularities. This negatively affects the development of the reproductive system, the general condition of the body, increases the risk of developing breast cancer, and can also cause infertility. But there is a solution to this problem, because most often the cycle goes astray due to changes in the hormonal background.

Therefore, a detailed blood test for these substances is taken. Such procedures are not cheap, because it is very difficult to work with hormones, but remember: the treatment of the consequences of violations will cost much more, so take care of your body in a timely manner.

After identifying specific hormones that are not enough, or they are in excess, a course of drugs is prescribed to regulate their level. It can be tablets or injections. Often gynecologists prescribe oral contraceptives to normalize the menstrual cycle. Don't be afraid, they are not trying to cheat or make things worse. Depending on the results of the tests, some hormonal remedies actually improve menstruation without causing negative consequences. The influence of regulatory agents depends on the correctness of their selection and dosage, because active substances are required by the body in the smallest doses, so it is very easy to cross the line of the norm. For example, if you overdo it with injections of progesterone with its deficiency, then swelling, nausea, hair loss and pain in the mammary glands may appear.

Supportive

These pills or injections keep the body back to normal if diseases or disorders can no longer be cured. This may be due to chronic diseases, constant failures, poor functioning of the endocrine organs, and others. For example, without insulin injections, a diabetic can die within a few days, even if he does not eat sweets.

Thyroxine tablets can stop the development of myxedema in people with thyroid dysfunction.

These drugs can often be harmful:

loading the gastrointestinal tract;
irritating the mucous membranes of the stomach or intestines;
causing hair loss or other unpleasant symptoms.

But it is impossible to refuse them, because it is these drugs that support the life of the patient.

Hormonal drugs fundamentally affect a woman's body, especially if they are oral contraceptives or regulatory agents. Therefore, remember that only a specialist after detailed analyzes can prescribe them. Pills, injections, ointments and other drugs with hormones often disrupt the digestive system, excretory system, and can cause weakness, so consult your doctor if you experience such symptoms.

Common myths

Hormonal drugs are very harmful to health, they should not be used in any case. An erroneous opinion. Hormonal drugs have a diverse systemic effect on the body, and, like any other drug, can cause side effects. However, abortion, from which these drugs protect almost 100 percent, is much more dangerous for a woman's health.
I will take those hormonal drugs that helped my friend (sister, acquaintance). You should not self-prescribe hormones (as well as any other drugs). These drugs are prescription drugs, they should be prescribed only by a doctor after an examination, taking into account all the characteristics of your body (which, by the way, may be completely opposite to the characteristics of the body of your girlfriend or even a relative).
Hormonal drugs should not be used for nulliparous and girls under 20 years old. A completely erroneous opinion. Hormonal contraceptives can be used even by adolescents, especially if you need to achieve a certain therapeutic effect.
After using hormones for a long time, you can not be afraid to get pregnant. Not at all. Already a month after the end of taking the drugs, it becomes possible to become pregnant, and even give birth to twins or triplets, since 2-3 eggs mature in the ovary. Some forms of infertility are treated by prescribing contraceptives for 3-4 months.
After a certain time (half a year, a year, etc.), you should take a break in taking hormonal drugs. This opinion is erroneous, since interruptions in taking the drug do not affect either the appearance (or not the appearance) of complications, or the ability to bear children at the end taking medications. If there is a need and, according to the doctor, there are no contraindications for continuous use, hormonal preparations can be used continuously and for as long as you like.
Nursing mothers should not take hormones. This statement is true only in relation to some pills that affect lactation. However, there are pills containing only a small amount of the hormone that do not affect lactation. It should only be remembered that these tablets must be used strictly after 24 hours in continuous mode. Even a minimal deviation from the hours of admission completely destroys the contraceptive effect of this drug.
Hormonal pills can make a big difference. Hormonal pills do have an effect on appetite, but for some it increases and for others it decreases. It is impossible to predict exactly how the drug will affect you. If a woman is inclined to be overweight or with an increase in body weight while taking it, the doctor prescribes drugs with a low content of progestogens responsible for increasing body weight.
Hormonal drugs are created only to prevent pregnancy in women, there are no drugs of this kind for men. This is not true. Hormonal drugs are synthetic drugs that act like natural hormones produced in our body. Such drugs do not necessarily have a contraceptive effect, and can be prescribed to both women and men (depending on the type of drugs) to normalize the function of the reproductive system, normalize hormonal levels, etc.
Only very severe diseases are treated with hormonal drugs. Not necessary. In the treatment of some non-severe diseases, hormonal drugs are also prescribed. For example, with a decrease in thyroid function, thyroxine or eutiroks are used.
Hormones accumulate in the body. Wrong opinion. Once in the body, hormones almost immediately break down into chemical compounds, which are then excreted from the body. For example, a birth control pill breaks down and “leaves” the body during the day: that is why it needs to be taken every 24 hours. After the end of taking hormonal drugs, the effect of their impact is maintained not due to the accumulation of drugs in the body, but due to the fact that hormones act on various organs (ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, parts of the brain), normalizing their work.
Pregnant women are not prescribed hormonal drugs. If a woman had hormonal disorders before pregnancy, then during the bearing of the fetus she needs drug support so that the production of female and male hormones is normal and the child develops normally. Also, hormones (for example, adrenal hormones) are used if during pregnancy the hormonal background of a woman's body is disturbed.
In any case, hormonal drugs can be replaced with other drugs. Unfortunately, this is not the case. In some situations, hormonal drugs are indispensable (for example, if a woman under 50 has her ovaries removed). And sometimes hormonal treatment is prescribed by a psychoneurologist (for example, for depression).

Female hormones play an extremely important role in the body of the fair sex. Unfortunately, today hormonal imbalance in women is a rather relevant topic. Very often, the answer to typical questions, how to regulate - to increase or decrease the content of hormones, is the thoughtless intake of hormonal drugs, among which female sex hormones stand out in tablets.

Hormones have the greatest impact on a woman's health. Estrogen can be called the main sex hormone, which is produced in the ovaries of a woman. This hormone is responsible for women's health from the onset of puberty to the menopause period. Estrogen contributes to the formation of a female figure, a soft character. In a word, it makes a woman out of a woman. Estrogen deficiency leads to rapid aging of the body, and an increased content - to the appearance of various diseases, ranging from overweight to benign tumors.

Progesterone is also necessary for every healthy woman. This hormone is produced by the corpus luteum of the ovaries and the placenta. It participates in the distribution of adipose tissue, the development of the genital organs, mammary glands, and determines normal implantation and development of the embryo.

Quite often, female hormones in tablets are used to restore hormonal disorders in a woman's body. Hormonal imbalance often leads to serious consequences, expressed in menstrual irregularities, sharp jumps in blood pressure, chronic fatigue, deterioration in the functioning of the digestive system, headaches, and swelling. External changes are also characteristic: peeling of the skin, acne, acne, excessive oily hair on the head, increased hair growth in places atypical for women.

But first of all, it has been widely used, which are an integral part of solving the problem of unwanted pregnancy. Due to their ease of use, reliable results, such drugs have been extremely popular for many years.

There are two types of hormonal preparations in tablet form - these are combined and progestin contraceptives. Combined hormonal preparations (, Mercilon, Diane-35, Rigevidon and others) contain a total of analogues of the two main female hormones - estrogen and progesterone. The main mechanism of action of this type of drugs is based on a powerful suppression of the ovulation process, a change in the epithelial tissue of the uterus, leading to the impossibility of attaching a fertilized egg to it. These factors are an extremely effective way of counteracting the conception of a child. In addition to reliable use as contraception, combined hormonal preparations are recommended for women with painful menstruation who have had an ectopic pregnancy. Interestingly, after the end of the course of taking these drugs, some causes of infertility are often eliminated, which increases the likelihood of pregnancy.

Progestin contraceptives (Femulen, Microlut, Continuin and others) contain synthetic analogues of the hormone progesterone. The principle of counteracting unwanted pregnancy is almost the same as the use of combined hormonal drugs. In addition to protecting against unwanted conception of a child, progestin drugs are often prescribed to older women to prevent the risk of developing hypertension and thrombosis. Also, after a woman reaches the age of 50, her ovaries stop working, female sex hormones stop being released. This state of affairs contributes to bone fragility, calcium leaching from the female body. The skin of a woman becomes dry, wrinkled, often occurs. Progestin preparations are recommended to eliminate the above problems.

To normalize the hormonal balance, non-hormonal agents are also used. For example, the domestic drug Mamoklam has proven efficacy, confirmed in clinical trials. It helps to balance the hormonal background, including the thyroid gland. Admission Mamoklam has a positive effect on the regulation of the menstrual cycle, stimulates the regression of cysts and other seals in the mammary gland, reduces pain during menstruation. The drug is based on a balanced complex, which includes iodine, chlorophyll and omega-3 fatty acids.

It should be noted that attempts to independently put in order hormonal imbalance and counteract unwanted pregnancy can seriously harm the female body. Female sex hormones in tablets should be taken only as directed by a gynecologist or endocrinologist. Proper, dosed intake of drugs designed to restore or maintain hormonal balance will significantly improve a woman's well-being and mood. Be healthy!

Hormonal preparations are medicines containing hormones or substances that have an effect similar to a hormonal one. Natural hormonal medicines are obtained from the glands, blood and urine of animals, as well as from the blood and urine of humans.

Synthetic hormones are produced in pharmacological workshops and laboratories. They can either be structural analogues of true hormones, or differ from them in chemical structure, but exhibit a similar effect.

Almost the largest number of threatening myths have been created around hormonal pills for various purposes: patients are afraid of infertility, weight gain, excessive body hair growth, and loss of potency. The list of negatives is frightening and alarming.

How true are the myths, and what types of hormone therapy are there?

Hormonal preparations are classified depending on the origin (producing gland) and purpose. By origin, drugs are divided into:

adrenal hormones (cortisol, adrenaline, glucocorticoids, androgens);
pancreatic preparations (insulin,);
pituitary hormones (TSH, human gonadotropins, oxytocin, vasopressin, etc.);
thyroid and parathyroid hormones;
sex hormones (estrogens, androgens, etc.).

Human hormones regulate the body's metabolism. However, if one of the organs of the endocrine system malfunctions, the perfectly adjusted mechanism of correction and interaction can fail, which will have to be eliminated by the introduction of synthetic analogs of hormones.

By appointment, hormonal drugs are divided into:

synthetic substances for replacement therapy (levothyroxine sodium, insulin, estrogens);
means for hormonal contraception (synthetic analogues of estrogen and progesterone);
hormonal agents that inhibit the production of hormones (for example, therapy with pituitary hormone analogues for prostate cancer);
symptomatic drugs (anti-inflammatory, antiallergic drugs).

Hormonal preparations often also include antidiabetic and other non-hormonal drugs.

What is treated with hormonal drugs?

Hormone-based drugs are used for both chronic and treatable conditions. Without the help of hormonal drugs can not do with:

hypothyroidism;
hyperthyroidism;
diabetes mellitus of the 1st, sometimes of the 2nd types;
hormone-dependent tumors of the reproductive system;
prostate cancer;
asthma and other diseases associated with an immune response to allergens (including allergic rhinitis);
endometriosis;
hormonal disruptions;
menopause;
sleep disorders;
other diseases associated with hypofunction of the glands.

Inflammation and allergic manifestations are treated with glucocorticoids. Preparations based on them - Prednisolone, Metipred, Dexamethasone - reduce inflammation and suppress leukocyte function.

They can be used both inside (if systemic action is necessary) and externally (for hemorrhoids, thrombophlebitis, dermatological diseases, allergic rhinitis). When applied externally, they are practically not absorbed into the main bloodstream and do not have a negative effect on the body.

Even if the cause of the inflammation is unknown, adrenal hormones help relieve swelling, pain, and redness. Hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs are among the life-saving drugs.

Vasopressin and epinephrine may be administered along with anesthetics. Due to their ability to constrict blood vessels, these hormones are actively used in anesthesia (including local anesthesia).

Melatonin also belongs to hormonal drugs. This substance, produced in, has an anti-stress effect, regulates circadian rhythms, affects metabolism, slows down the aging process and weight gain, and also stimulates the production of antibodies to infectious agents and tumor cells.

What is Hormone Replacement Therapy?

In chronic conditions associated with dysfunction of the glands or their partial removal, drugs with synthetic and natural hormones provide a high quality and longevity of the patient.

There are several types of hormone replacement therapy:

treatment with synthetic thyroid hormones;
insulin therapy;
taking analogues of sex hormones.

Deficiency and excess of thyroxine and triiodothyronine are fraught with mood disorders, sleep, dry skin, problems with memory and performance, growth of gland tissues and other unpleasant symptoms.

Clinical hypothyroidism is most often associated with diseases and tumors of the thyroid gland, so replacement therapy with analogues of iodine-containing hormones is prescribed for life.

Substitution therapy uses drugs such as:

"Eutiroks";
"L-thyroxine" (one of the Russian or German brands).

The treatment of hyperthyroidism has a somewhat more complex scheme: thyreostatics are used to reduce the synthesis of one's own iodine-containing hormones, and in especially difficult cases, removal of a part of the gland or radioiodine therapy is justified. Then the normal level of triiodothyronine is restored with the help of their synthetic analogues.

Insulin is a pancreatic β-cell hormone, the main task of which is to lower blood glucose levels by regulating its entry into cells and stimulating the conversion of monosaccharide into glycogen.

Violation of the functionality of the cells that secrete this hormone is called type 1 diabetes mellitus. Patients with such a pathology must be prescribed replacement therapy with Humodar, Apidra, Novorapid, Actrapid, Humulin, Insulin Tape, etc.

In type 2 diabetes, which is associated with a violation of the sensitivity of tissues to insulin, the administration of hormones can also be prescribed.

Finally, female hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) is a pharmacological replacement for the function of the sex glands (ovaries) lost during their removal or menopause. The most commonly used drugs are:

"Climodien";
"Divina";
"Ovestin";
"Trisequens";
"Femoston";
"Estrofem" and others.

During treatment, androgens, estrogens and gestagens can be used (mainly the last two subtypes of hormones are involved in the preparations).

oral contraception

Oral contraceptives are the most well-known hormonal pills for women. The action of OK is based on their ability to prevent ovulation (the maturation of the egg and its release from the follicle). Synthetic hormones thicken the mucus on the cervix, which complicates the movement of the sperm, and also thin the uterine lining (endometrium), which prevents the fertilized egg from firmly attaching.

The triple mechanism of action of hormones reliably protects the patient from unwanted pregnancy: the Pearl index for oral contraceptives (the percentage of pregnancies that occur while taking OK) does not exceed 1%.

When using oral contraceptives, menstrual bleeding does not stop, but it becomes more regular, less heavy and painful. A certain scheme of taking hormones allows, if necessary, to delay the onset of menstruation.

Modern contraceptives are classified into three categories:

One-component preparations (Continuin, Micronor, Charozetta, Exluton).
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs). COCs are the most reliable means. They include synthetic estrogen () and progestogen (levonorgestrel, desogestrel, norgestrel, etc.).
Postcoital (emergency) hormonal pills (Postinor, Escapel). Emergency contraceptives contain an increased dose of hormones, but have a lower effectiveness.

The dosages of active hormones in modern contraceptives are much lower than in the drugs of the last century, so the side effects of taking estrogen do not appear or appear slightly.

Combined hormonal contraceptives

COCs are divided into mono-, two- and three-phase. Single-phase COC tablets contain a strictly defined amount of hormones that does not change during the cycle. Multi-phase agents are conceived as more physiological: the dosages of active ingredients in tablets for different days of the cycle are not the same.

Three-phase COCs (with three types of tablets changing per cycle) are often recommended by doctors, but two-phase drugs are practically not used.

Combined contraceptives:

A drug	Active substance	Producing country
Monophasic COCs
Microgynon		Germany
minisiston		Germany
Regividon		Hungary
Novinet	Ethinylestradiol, desogestrel	Hungary
Mercilon		Netherlands
Regulon		Hungary
Marvelon		Netherlands
Jess	Drospirenone, ethinylestradiol	Germany
Dimia		Hungary
Yarina		Germany
Logest	Ethinylestradiol, gestodene	Germany
Lindinet 30	Ethinylestradiol, gestodene	Hungary
Diana-35	Ethinylestradiol, cyproterone acetate	Germany
Three-phase COCs
Tri-regol	Levonorgestrel, ethinylestradiol	Hungary
Triquilar		Germany
Triziston		Germany

A different dosage of the active substance (levonorgestrel) allows you to adjust to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and provide a high degree of protection against unplanned pregnancy at low concentrations.

Hormonal remedies for men

Male hormonal preparations are classified into means for gaining muscle mass, directly drugs for inhibiting the pathological process, and hormones for replacement therapy.

In practice, hormones of the adrenal glands (in particular, testosterone), the pancreas (insulin) and the anterior pituitary gland (somatropin or growth hormone) are actively used. They are used to form muscle relief, accelerate mass gain and burn fat. Taking hormonal drugs without a doctor's prescription has a number of negative consequences, including damage to the organs of the excretory system and possible gynecomastia (swelling of the mammary glands) due to the conversion of excess testosterone into the female hormone estrogen.

For medical purposes, hormonal agents are used for hormone-dependent tumors (for example, for prostate cancer). Injections with analogues of pituitary hormones dramatically reduce the production of testosterone, which accelerates the growth of a malignant neoplasm. This procedure is called "medical castration". The introduction of hormones allows you to slow down the development of the tumor and resort to more radical methods of treatment. Despite the menacing name, patients should not be afraid of the irreversibility of the procedure: some time after the end of treatment, erectile function and normal testosterone levels are restored.

Replacement therapy with male hormones can be used both with the complete removal of the gland producing them, and with a decrease in its functionality. After 40-45 years, the level of testosterone in the blood of a man begins to decline, which leads to problems in the genital area. To restore potency, the following drugs are used:

"Undecanoate Testosterone" and "Andriol" (tablets with one active ingredient - testosterone undecanoate);
"Sustanon" (injection solution with four active ingredients-esters - decanoate, isocaproate, phenylpropionate and);
"Nebido" (injectable oil solution of testosterone undecanoate);
"Androgel" (a product for external use, the active ingredient is testosterone).

After the complete removal of the testicles (due to a tumor of the prostate or gonad), replacement therapy is required.

The attitude towards hormonal drugs among people who are unfamiliar with medical reference books is predictably biased. Many drugs in this group have strong and a number of contraindications - for example, with prolonged use of Prednisolone, rapid weight gain occurs, the face of a patient receiving premedication with this drug swells.

However, this is not a reason to refuse any means containing hormones, including effective birth control pills. By following a few simple rules, the risk of complications from taking hormonal drugs is minimized.

Rules for taking hormonal drugs (GP):

You can not take GP without the appointment of the attending physician (endocrinologist or gynecologist). Especially dangerous when self-administered are drugs that are classified as synthetic analogues of adrenal hormones.
Before prescribing hormonal treatment to a patient or a patient, a specialist should carefully study the history, the results of blood tests for the concentration of sex hormones and biochemical parameters, the results of pelvic ultrasound, mammography, cytological smear. It is necessary to inform the doctor about existing chronic diseases: some of them are contraindications for taking COCs and other synthetic drugs.
All changes in the state of health should be reported to the attending physician.
Having missed the dose of the drug, it is strictly forbidden to “compensate” for negligence with a double dose of the drug in the next dose.
It is necessary to take hormone pills strictly at the same time with minimal errors. Some drugs (for example, L-thyroxine) are drunk in the morning, on an empty stomach.
The duration of the course and dosage (including its change during treatment) is determined by the attending physician.

The effectiveness and safety of hormonal treatment depends on the competence of the endocrinologist, the interaction of the doctor with the patient and strict adherence to the rules for taking drugs.

Hormonal preparations have tightly entered the life of modern man. With the help of these drugs, people not only control fertility and treat infertility, but also many other diseases, including those associated with the thyroid gland.

Effect on weight

Hormonal pills for weight gain, more precisely, muscle mass, exist. Probably all athletes know about it. And many people believe that any hormonal remedy will have a similar effect. Meanwhile, this is not so. Moreover, there are even hormonal diet pills, these are drugs for the treatment of hypothyroidism - a pathology of the thyroid gland, when it produces an insufficient amount of hormones. This disease is very reflected in the appearance of a person and leads to weight gain, even if nutrition and physical activity remain the same.

Well, hormonal birth control pills sometimes lead to a set of a few extra pounds. True, in the case of new generation drugs, such side effects occur less and less. The way out is to change hormonal contraceptives, at least a drug, or even find another way to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

Impact on appearance

It is known that modern oral contraceptives may or may not have an antiandrogenic effect. In simple terms, to reduce or not to reduce the level of "male" hormones in a woman's body. With a high content of testosterone, a woman begins to grow facial hair, acne appears, the skin becomes oily. Hormonal acne pills can be used. But not everyone. For medicinal purposes, "Diana-35" is prescribed (it should be noted that the estrogen content in it is the highest), "Yarina" and "Zhanin". The same drugs are recommended for PCOS to normalize the cycle.

Are there hormonal preparations for breast enlargement or is it a myth? What woman does not dream of an attractive bust? Indeed, there is evidence that contraceptives can cause visual enlargement of the mammary glands. True, this happens due to a slight swelling of the tissues and is temporary. Not observed in all women taking pills.

Impact on women's health and pregnancy

Often, hormonal contraceptive pills for women are also prescribed to improve the quality of life of a woman, to prevent iron deficiency anemia. This is necessary for heavy menstruation. For the same reason, hormonal pills for endometriosis are very often recommended. After all, this disease is most often the cause of large blood loss. You can take any low-dose combined oral contraceptives for endometriosis. But usually they appoint "Janine", since the manufacturer of this tool assures about its effectiveness in this particular direction. If "Janine" does not work for some reason, the price, or simply provokes side effects for more than three cycles of administration, then you can ask the doctor for the name of hormonal pills that may suit you better than him.

Often prescribe drugs for the treatment of infertility. If it has an unexplained cause, then doctors suggest trying the so-called rebound effect. This is when hormonal drugs are taken for 3-6 months, and after the drug is discontinued, the woman is actively trying to get pregnant, leads an unprotected sex life. Indeed, after the abolition of contraceptives, the ovaries almost always begin to work actively, and full ovulation occurs.

Usually, when taking hormonal pills, menstruation becomes regular, but taking them for a long time can lead to a negative phenomenon in the ovaries, they stop working fully. After stopping the intake, ovulation does not occur. Due to the very low level of progesterone, there are no periods after hormonal pills, however, this phenomenon is temporary in most cases and does not require treatment. But nevertheless, if there are no real problems, and there is a desire to conceive a child, there is no point in taking contraceptives. The time period when you can get pregnant after taking birth control pills varies greatly, and it is impossible to predict how your body will react to taking and stopping the drug.

With infertility, not oral contraceptives are often used, but progesterone preparations. Especially if the lack of progesterone in the second phase of the menstrual cycle has been repeatedly proven by laboratory studies. What hormonal pills to drink in this case, the doctor will say. Usually appoint "Dufaston" or "Utrozhestan". Moreover, it is advisable to start taking them only after ovulation, so that they do not interfere with its onset. And take it within 10 days. If pregnancy has not occurred, which is proved by a pregnancy test, but rather a blood test for hCG, then the drug is canceled and menstruation begins. If pregnancy occurs, then progesterone should be continued.

And what hormonal pills can bring harm? Everything is described in the instructions. But from the common - the growth of uterine fibroids, if it is progesterone-dependent. Modern doctors advise women with this gynecological disease to be very careful about such drugs and not to take them for prophylactic purposes.

Only one question remained open - these are hormonal pills for menopause for women after 45 years. The so-called hormone replacement therapy during the onset of menopause in a woman is a means to preserve beauty and health for a long time. But unfortunately, HRT has a lot of contraindications and side effects.

The latest birth control pills: freedom of choice. Hormonal and non-hormonal, used after the act. Which of them is better to use?

Thanks

The main priorities of modern medicine are caring for the preservation of a woman's reproductive health, protection and ensuring safe motherhood. It is no secret that Russia is in one of the first places in terms of the number of abortions. Abortion is a real operation that often results in infertility, menstrual irregularities, miscarriages, and even maternal death. The following conclusion can be drawn - measures to prevent abortions can help maintain a woman's health and give birth to a healthy child.

No wonder they say that children are the flowers of life. But each flower opens only at a certain time by nature. A woman has the right to give birth to a child whenever she wants, at any time in her life, so that the child is desired and happy. This fact is confirmed by law.

For the prevention of unwanted pregnancy and the prevention of abortions at a certain stage in a woman's life, an important role is played by contraception.

Contraception has been used by women since ancient times. So, even in ancient Africa, intravaginal herbal remedies were used in the form of a cocoon, and in America they used douching with decoctions of herbs, lemon juice, decoction of mahogany bark after sexual intercourse.

The number of contraceptives increased over time, but effective methods and reliable drugs appeared only in the 20th century.

New contraceptives appear almost every day. Science does not stand still. They are easy to use, reliable, safe for health, moreover, they have a therapeutic effect in certain diseases.

Currently, medicine offers various contraceptives, and a woman can always choose which methods and drugs to use. In our country, freedom of choice of contraceptives is ensured, but a woman cannot always decide on her own what is best for her. The consultation of the attending physician will help in deciding on the choice of a contraceptive - only a qualified specialist can assess the state of a woman's health, determine the indications for prescribing a particular method of contraception, and offer the best drug for the patient.

Hormonal oral contraceptives

Every year more and more women use hormonal contraceptives. In Russia, over the past ten years, the use of hormonal contraceptives has increased by more than 5 times. Reliability, ease of use, a minimum of side effects, a beneficial effect on the organs and systems of the body allow hormonal drugs to find more and more grateful fans. Women today prefer hormonal oral contraceptives, as the most effective. Combined birth control pills are the gold standard of contraception, their effectiveness is 99%. The latest hormonal contraceptives have made a splash, a real revolution among other contraceptives.

The effectiveness of contraceptives is estimated by specialists by counting the number of unplanned pregnancies per 100 women during the year. This index is called the Pearl Index.

Types and composition of birth control pills

The first oral contraceptives appeared in the fifties and sixties of the XX century. The forerunner of all drugs for practical use is the contraceptive Enovid, which included 0.15 mg of mestranol and 15 mg of norethinodrel. Then the development of hormonal agents developed, and underwent the following changes:

New contraceptive pills began to contain small doses of hormones, while at the same time their effectiveness and reliability were maintained.
New analogues of female sex hormones were obtained: ethanylestradiol and levonorgestrel.
Third-generation progestogens appeared - norgestimate, desogestrel, gestodene.
The latest contraceptives have been developed - mini-pills that do not contain progestogen.

Taking drugs with a low concentration of hormones helps to reduce side effects and complications.

Combined contraceptives contain two components in their composition:
1. Synthetic estrogen ethinyl estradiol, which is the estrogenic component of the drugs.
2. Progestogen component in the form of various progestogens.

All contraceptive pills, depending on the dosage of hormones, are divided into the following types:

monophasic;
two-phase;
three-phase.

In monophasic hormonal contraceptives, the daily dose of active ingredients is a constant value, and the composition may vary. It is clear that monophasic preparations consist of tablets with the same dose of hormones. These tablets are of the same color and are used during one course. Popular monophasic contraceptives include: Regulon, Marvelon, Silest, Novinet, Mercilon, Rigevidon.

Biphasic drugs involve changing doses of hormones twice per course, three-phase drugs - three times. Usually such tablets for one course have a different color. Biphasic contraceptives include Anteovin, three-phase contraceptives include Tri-merci, Triquilar, Tri-regol, Triziston.

Contraceptives "mini-drank" are monophasic, and are intended for the period of breastfeeding and lactation. These include: Lactinet, Exluton, Charozetta.

The action of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) is based on blocking ovulation. This way they protect against unplanned pregnancy. Only progestogen has the ability to block the ovulation process, the dose of which is the same in all combined birth control pills. The difference between micro-dose and low-dose drugs is only in the dosage of estrogen. Estrogens affect a woman's menstrual cycle.

Depending on the dosage of the active ingredients, contraceptive pills are divided into four types:

Microdosed birth control pills
As a rule, these drugs contain minimal doses of the hormone ethinyl estradiol. Side effects when using them are minimal. In some cases, they have the ability to eliminate hormonal disorders: acne (especially in adolescence), painful menstruation. These pills are best suited for young girls under 25 who have not given birth and are sexually active on a regular basis. They can also be used by mature women over 35 and women who have never used hormonal contraception. The most popular are: Tri-Merci, Jess, Mercilon, Lindinet -20, Klaira, Novinet.

Low dose birth control pills
The preparations contain the same ethinylestradiol, but in combination with various hormones: desogestrel, gestodene, norgestimate, dienogest or levonorgestrel. These birth control pills are recommended for young women who have given birth. In addition to the contraceptive effect, these funds have a pronounced antiandrogenic effect: they help eliminate unwanted facial hair growth, prevent the appearance of acne and hair loss due to hormonal imbalance. Popular tablets: Regulon, Belara, Marvelon, Yarina, Janine, Midiana, Femoden.

Medium dose birth control pills
As a rule, they contain two hormones: ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel. Less commonly, they may contain other combinations of hormones. Medium-dose birth control pills are intended for women who have given birth, especially over 30 years of age. They also have an antiandrogenic effect, which is important for women who have not recovered from pregnancy and childbirth. However, when choosing a drug, one condition must be observed - these drugs are not suitable for nursing. Popular tablets: Diana 35, Demulen, Tri-regol, Chloe.

High dose birth control pills
They include ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel, but only in higher doses. Such funds are primarily used to treat and prevent hormonal diseases. Contraceptives of this type can be taken by women over 35 years of age, with the ineffectiveness of drugs with a low dosage of hormones. These include: Triquilar, Tri-regol, Ovidon, Milvane, Non-Ovlon.

The latest birth control pills: how to choose?

A woman wants a full life, and the fear and unwillingness of an unplanned pregnancy should not be a reason for refusing sexual relations. There are many ways to protect. The most reliable are birth control pills.

The choice of contraceptive is difficult, it should be approached seriously.

Ideally, a specialist should deal with the selection of contraceptives, but sometimes a woman herself decides which pills to take. In these cases, it is necessary to scrupulously collect information about the remedy. Where to start?
1. Familiarize yourself with the different types of contraceptives.
2. Compare all the pros and cons.
3. Define your goal - decide what you want to get as a result of using oral contraceptives.

What do you need to know to make the right choice? Let's figure it out.

A woman should find information about drugs and their effects on the body. It should be borne in mind that birth control pills differ in parameters, degree of reliability and side effects.

Combined contraceptives usually contain two analogues of female sex hormones, so they are in the first place in terms of reliability. Combined oral agents are used both for protection against pregnancy and for the treatment of diseases and hormonal disorders. Women who opt for hormonal birth control pills are still advised to consult with their doctor and undergo a hormonal study.

New contraceptives are the so-called "mini-pill". They contain only one hormone - in this regard, the reliability of drugs is 90%. Their advantage is the possibility of use during lactation, as well as by women who have estrogen intolerance (which are part of COCs).

The next type of contraceptive pill is represented by means for emergency contraception. These tablets are not intended for long-term use, but are used immediately after sexual intercourse. The content of hormones in them is very high, so these funds can be used only once a month.

Currently, contraceptives of the second - fifth generations have appeared on the market. These newer drugs contain a small dose of hormones, have mild side effects. It should be understood that there are no good or bad contraceptives. There are remedies that are suitable or not suitable for a woman. Therefore, for the selection of contraceptives, the individual characteristics of the body of a particular woman should be taken into account.

With self-selection, it is necessary, first of all, to determine the phenotype - the body type of a woman.

There are the following types of female phenotype:
1. With a predominance of estrogen - estrogenic type.
2. With a balance of estrogens and progestogens - a balanced type.
3. With a predominance of gestagens and androgens - progestogen type.

The phenotype is determined by the following features: general appearance, volume and condition of the mammary glands, skin type, the nature of menstruation, the duration of the menstrual cycle, the presence of toxicosis during a previous pregnancy, the woman's body weight and a tendency to be overweight.

A balanced phenotype is characterized by average values of these traits. In this case, it is recommended to take Marvelon, Triquilar, Microgynon, Triziston, Mercilon, Tri-merci, Regulon.

With the predominance of the estrogen phenotype, a very feminine appearance is characteristic, a very long menstrual cycle, very abundant menstruation and vaginal discharge, and moderate fullness. It is advisable to take drugs such as Anteovin, Minulet, Norinil, Rigevidon, Minisiston.

With the predominance of the progestogen phenotype, all signs are less pronounced: unfeminine appearance, small volume of mammary glands, scanty menstruation, short menstrual cycle, oily skin. The following remedies are effective Bisecurin, Chloe, Non-ovlon, Yarina, Ovidon, Jess, Jeanine, Claira, Diana, Midian, Belara.

No matter how carefully the choice is made, it still happens that the drug is not suitable. The ideal selection method has not yet been invented. Often you have to act by "trial and error", but sometimes this is inevitable, because the body of each woman is unique.

It has been proven that the criterion for a successful choice of a contraceptive is the absence of menstruation for three months - i.e. period of adaptation. Then this drug can be taken for a long time.

Non-hormonal contraceptive pills

Along with hormonal contraceptives, non-hormonal contraceptive pills appeared at one time. Today, there is an increase in the popularity of these funds, which is explained by some features of their action.

The fact is that the use of non-hormonal birth control pills is not contraindicated for women immediately after childbirth, nursing mothers, as well as women who cannot take hormones. And another important detail: non-hormonal means to prevent pregnancy not only have the ability to destroy spermatozoa, but also contribute to the formation of a protective film on the vaginal mucosa, and thickening of mucus in the cervical canal. Moreover, active substances - spermicides - reduce the speed of sperm movement, and the resulting mucus is a barrier to their penetration into the uterus. This is a good protection against unwanted pregnancy. Non-hormonal contraceptive pills, which is important in our time, protect a woman from sexually transmitted infections, as they have both antiseptic and antimicrobial effects.

It follows from this that non-hormonal contraceptives can be used by many women at different periods of life. The use of tablets refers to the barrier chemical method of contraception. They are easy to use, do not disrupt the hormonal background, can be used at any reproductive age of a woman, and are the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

Contraceptive pills Pharmatex

The most popular non-hormonal contraceptive is currently Pharmatex. Pharmatex has spermicidal, antiseptic and antimicrobial effects.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, Pharmatex birth control pills prevent the transmission of sexual infections, reduce the risk of their consequences: infertility, miscarriage, cervical disease, tumors caused by HIV infection.

A huge advantage of using Pharmatex is that it in no way affects either the hormonal background or the vaginal microflora.

Pharmatex, like other non-hormonal tablets, affects such types of microorganisms as Trichomonas, gonococci, chlamydia, Candida fungi, herpes virus. Pharmatex acts locally, which does not give side effects on the organs and systems of the whole organism.

The use of vaginal tablets is more suitable for women in the postpartum period, during lactation and breastfeeding, after an abortion, with irregular sexual activity, when there is no permanent partner.

Mode of application
The manufacturer of funds, as a rule, attaches instructions for use. Basically, non-hormonal vaginal tablets are inserted into the vagina to a sufficient depth 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. For more convenient administration of tablets and other dosage forms, a special applicator is included in the package of the drug.

It is necessary to know that before each subsequent sexual intercourse, and in the case of sexual intercourse that occurred later than two hours after the administration of the pill, it is necessary to introduce a new tablet. Of course, to a certain extent this is inconvenient, since a woman cannot afford to re-administer the pill after casual or unexpected sex. She needs to plan the time of intercourse, which is unnatural.

It is believed that the effect of the drug lasts from 40 minutes to several hours. But it must be remembered that the use of vaginal tablets is not combined with water procedures before and after sexual contact using intimate hygiene products.

In some women, the drug may cause a burning sensation in the vagina. In this case, you should consult with your doctor about continuing or canceling Pharmatex. The reliability of Pharmatex is 80-82%.

Contraceptive suppositories and creams

Although vaginal contraceptives are less reliable than hormonal contraceptives, they continue to gain popularity. An unwanted pregnancy can only lead to improper use of these funds.

In addition to tablets, manufacturers suggest using other dosage forms: suppositories, creams, ointments. The active substance in the suppositories is either nonoxynol or benzalkonium chloride.

Pharmatex is also available in various forms: in the form of vaginal suppositories, tampons, creams, capsules.

Benefits of using contraceptive suppositories
Contraceptive suppositories are easy to use, easy to insert into the vagina, and have minor side effects. Another advantage in the use of non-hormonal vaginal suppositories is the effect of additional lubrication. They are especially suitable for partners who have problems with natural lubrication and dryness in the genitals.

Vaginal suppositories protect a woman from sexually transmitted infections, are indispensable for casual sexual intercourse, with infrequent sexual intercourse, in the absence of a permanent partner.
Disadvantages in the use of contraceptive suppositories
Vaginal contraceptive suppositories can affect the microflora of the vagina, since in their composition, in addition to the active substance, they have acids. Burning and itching, allergic rashes that occur when using candles, are an indication for their cancellation.

Dosing
Candles are vaginal. The candle is inserted into the vagina 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. The drug works for 4 hours.

Tampon vaginal. The tampon is taken out of the package, with the help of a finger, it is inserted into the vagina, up to the cervix. The protection effect is immediate and lasts 24 hours. The tampon does not need to be changed during this period, which is very convenient. The tampon does not change even if there are several sexual intercourses that follow each other during the day. The tampon is removed no earlier than 2 hours after the last sexual intercourse, but no later than 24 hours after its first insertion into the vagina.

Cream vaginal. It is inserted into the vagina with a special syringe. The device should be filled to the mark without the formation of air bubbles. Then slowly insert into the vagina before intercourse. The introduction is made lying down. The action of the remedy begins immediately and lasts about 10 hours. Before repeated sexual contact, it is necessary to introduce a portion of the cream again.

Popular drugs: Pharmatex, Nonoxynol, Patentex Oval, Contraceptin T.

Birth control pills after intercourse

One method that prevents an unintended pregnancy is called emergency contraception. This is the only protection in emergency situations: rape, coerced sexual contact and mental conditions associated with them. Also, emergency contraception is used during unprotected intercourse, as a post-coital protection against a possible pregnancy.

Sometimes this method is simply called: emergency, fire, emergency contraception, contraception the next morning after. But still, it is correct to call it emergency, since this method is used in emergency situations.

Emergency contraception aims to prevent pregnancy at the following stages: ovulation, fertilization and fixation of a fertilized egg in the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterine lining).

in emergencies associated with violent actions by a partner, as well as in violation of the integrity of the condom or skipping the birth control pill for a woman;
with rare sexual contact;
during unprotected sex, when no methods of contraception were used.

Contraindications for this method are the same as for taking other birth control pills, namely:

thrombosis and thromboembolism (even in history);
liver disease with a high degree of insufficiency;
kidney disease;
oncological diseases.

For this method, hormonal preparations containing estrogens, combined hormonal contraceptives, as well as preparations containing gestagens and intrauterine devices can be used.

Estrogens for emergency contraception have not been used as often recently, because they contain high doses of hormones, which leads to side effects - nausea and vomiting.

Combined birth control pills are used within 72 hours after sexual intercourse, twice, with a break of 12 hours. You can use any drug from this group.

The most well-known drug for emergency contraception in Russia is Postinor. It is recommended to take it twice, one tablet at a time. The first tablet is taken no later than 72 hours after sexual intercourse, the second - 12 hours after the first.

The second drug for emergency contraception - Escapelle - is taken once within 96 hours after sexual intercourse.

Combined oral contraceptives are taken daily for 21 days. Then a break of 7 days is taken, and the next package of the drug begins. The course begins with an active tablet.

"Mini-drank" are taken without interruption. Immediately after the end of the package, the reception of the next one begins.

Reception break

Birth control pills are recommended to be taken for a long time, but once a year you should see a gynecologist. If the doctor does not determine contraindications to taking your usual remedies, then you can safely continue taking them.

Menstruation while taking

When taking COCs, periods may stop if taken for a long time. When using other oral contraceptives, periods may become scanty and last for a shorter time.

If the intake of contraceptives was regular, without gaps and breaks, but the menstruation stopped, then it is necessary to continue taking them.

But if the reception was irregular, it is worth suspecting the onset of pregnancy, urgently stop using the contraceptive and contact a gynecologist to identify it.

Menstruation after cancellation

Menstruation is fully restored within one to two months after the abolition of birth control pills. According to experts, about 80% of women have a planned pregnancy. If within six months the menstruation has not recovered, you should consult a doctor.

Bleeding on admission

After the start of taking the pills, a woman may experience spotting spotting. You should not interrupt the course for this reason. Smearing discharge disappears as the reception continues.

If you experience heavy bleeding, you should consult your doctor.

Can you get pregnant while taking birth control pills?

Pregnancy can only occur if the contraceptive regimen is violated. If the delay in taking the pill is more than 12 hours, the effectiveness of the contraceptive action weakens.

Another situation is that a woman vomits when taking it. Then you need to take the next pill, because the first one has not been absorbed. With repeated vomiting, it is better to switch to another type of drug. The same actions should be taken with loose stools.

The reliability of contraceptive contraceptives may decrease when taking other drugs - for example, antibiotics, St. John's wort, etc. In this case, the use of an additional method of contraception is recommended.

How long can the tablets be taken?

Unfortunately, the fear of hormonal drugs in Russian women is transmitted from generation to generation. Women ask a lot of questions, trying to find answers to them.

According to scientists, fifth-generation contraceptives have already appeared in Russia, which have minor side effects. But the number of questions is not decreasing.

Is it possible to take birth control pills constantly, for more than a year?

In the absence of side effects of the means taken by a woman, as well as medical contraindications for their use, it is allowed to take contraceptives for a long time, even several years. Changing pills to others, or interruptions in taking, are not useful, but on the contrary, they are harmful. The body tunes in to one type of pill, the transition to other contraceptives makes it work in a different rhythm. Research scientists have proven that breaks do not affect the frequency of complications, and the development of subsequent pregnancies.

Pregnancy after stopping birth control pills

Calculations confirm that pregnancy can occur immediately after the withdrawal of birth control pills, or after a short period of time. Interestingly, after the abolition of the probability of pregnancy increases several times. Doctors use this circumstance in the treatment of infertility.

Can you stop taking birth control pills?

A woman has the right to stop taking a contraceptive when she wants.

Which is better: birth control pills or a spiral?

Women often ask: "Isn't it better to insert an intrauterine device than to take pills?" Again, the same fear of hormones makes you think about the abolition of combined oral remedies. It must be borne in mind that the spiral is a foreign body in the uterine cavity, which can cause inflammation. Tablets are more reliable and safe.

The best birth control pills

We have already said that it is impossible to determine the best pills for a particular woman. Every woman should opt for pills that are just right for her. At present, drugs of the fifth generation have already appeared, and such side effects as fullness and infertility are a thing of the past. Modern contraceptives contain minimal doses of hormones and have virtually no side effects. Let's try to give short descriptions of some drugs.

Jess

Jess contraceptive pills are a new, practical solution for preventing unwanted pregnancies for young women. This drug contains small doses of estrogen - 20 mcg, and progestogen drospirenone - 3 mg, which reduces the risk of vascular complications. Tablets are well tolerated, do not adversely affect the gastrointestinal tract.

This tool belongs to the fourth generation of contraceptives.

It is recommended to use the drug for a long time. The package contains 28 tablets. Take the tablets daily, preferably at the same time. They begin to take Jess on the first day of menstrual bleeding, then drink continuously.

Jess is a novelty in medicine. The popularity of the drug is growing. Jess provides reliable protection, controls the menstrual cycle, is used to treat symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, acne, and has a beneficial effect on hair and nails. At the same time, the weight of women using Jess remains stable. The period of adaptation to the contraceptive is 1-2 months.

No wonder the drug Jess is called the contraceptive of the twenty-first century.

Novinet

The action of the new contraceptive Novinet is based on blocking ovulation and the production of luteinizing hormone. This allows you to delay the movement of sperm into the uterus by increasing the viscosity of the mucus in the cervical canal.

The drug has minimal side effects, does not cause pain during menstruation, does not affect the weight gain of a woman.

When taking Novinet, nausea, rarely vomiting, partial hair loss, headaches may occur.

Novinet take 1 tablet daily for 21 days. Break - 7 days, on the eighth day they start a new package.

Breastfeeding women can start taking the drug three weeks after giving birth. It should be remembered that Novinet dramatically increases the amount of breast milk.

Reviews about Novinet are mostly positive.

Janine

Jeanine refers to monophasic low-dose contraceptives. The contraceptive effect of the drug is due to a combination of three actions: inhibition of ovulation, an increase in the viscosity of the cervical secretion and changes in the endometrium in terms of eliminating the introduction of spermatozoa.

The active substances are dienogest and ethinylestradiol.

Janine take 1 tablet daily for three weeks. Then they take a break for a week, after which the course is repeated.

Reviews of Janine prove a really pronounced contraceptive effect.

Regulon

Regulon is a combined oral contraceptive. Active substances - 0.03 mg of ethinylestradiol and 0.15 mg of desogestrel. Regulon acts similarly to the previous drug.

Regulon helps with menstrual disorders, uterine bleeding.

Reviews about Regulon
Women who took this drug note the quality of the drug and its reliability. Regulon acts much softer than other drugs. It was often recommended by doctors for use by teenagers and young girls. With prolonged use, it does not cause side effects, reliably protects against unwanted pregnancy and does not contribute to weight gain.

Women who used it for medicinal purposes speak positively about Regulon. The drug helps with uterine bleeding, abundant vaginal discharge, improves the quality and appearance of hair, nails and skin.

Yarina

The drug Yarina is also popular in Russia. This is an effective new generation oral contraceptive. The active substances are drospirenone and ethinylestradiol.

The drug is well tolerated and has few side effects. During the reception, the woman's weight remains unchanged, there is no nausea and vomiting, a therapeutic effect is expressed - a decrease in premenstrual symptoms, symptoms of seborrhea, acne.

Women taking Yarina noted the high reliability of the drug, as well as an improvement in mood, restoration of libido, and normalization of the menstrual cycle.

The minimum cost of a monthly drug intake in Russia ranges from 600 rubles.

Logest

Logest is a modern contraceptive of a new generation. It contains the minimum amount of hormones. In addition to a stable contraceptive effect, it has a therapeutic and prophylactic effect on the course of female oncological diseases, which is an advantage of the drug.

The action of the drug is based on the inhibition of ovulation, an increase in the viscosity of the secret, which makes it difficult for the movement of spermatozoa and prevents the implantation of the egg in the uterus.

The tablets are taken on the first day of the menstrual cycle. Take 1 tablet daily for 21 days. Then they take a week break, after which the course is repeated.

With the abolition of the drug, the body's ability to conceive is fully restored.

The price of the drug ranges from 330 to 450 rubles per pack.

claira

More recently, new contraceptive pills Qlaira have appeared in our country. Qlaira is the first fifth-generation contraceptive, the latest and highest quality contraceptive.

Qlaira refers to natural oral contraceptives. For the first time, ethinylestradiol as an active substance was not included in the combined hormonal preparation for contraception. It has been successfully replaced by the milder and safer hormone estradiolavalerate, which is a hormone with a natural formula. This hormone is well studied, and is used mainly to treat the symptoms of menopause.

To enhance contraceptive functions, scientists added the active substance dienogest to estradiol valeriate, which also solved the problem of intermenstrual bleeding.

The procedure for taking the drug has also been changed. It has a unique dynamic dosing mode. Qlaira is a four-phase hormonal drug. The package contains two placebo tablets, that is, they do not contain the active ingredient, and 26 active tablets with different doses of the active substance. The doses of estrogen when taken are gradually reduced, and the doses of progestogen are increased. This dosing regimen increases the effectiveness of the drug several times.

At the present stage of development of contraception, Qlaira is revolutionary, providing a high degree of protection and treatment of women's diseases.

Despite a very large selection of birth control pills, the abortion rate remains high in our country. Women do not have sufficient information about drugs, they experience a panic fear of using hormonal drugs, not allowing the idea that safe and reliable contraceptives have appeared at the present stage. New generation contraceptive pills containing lower doses of active substances can help women plan pregnancy without being at risk of complications and abortions.

Before use, you should consult with a specialist.