How to sharpen a saw blade for wood. How to sharpen a circular saw blade - step by step instructions

A circular saw is an indispensable tool for frequent work with wood and similar materials. Especially such a tool is important in the arrangement of country houses.

But, like any piercing and cutting tool, the saw tends to become dull. Therefore, saw blades require periodic sharpening. We will talk about how to sharpen a circular saw blade in the framework of this article.

A dull blade affects the saw motor the most, as the load increases significantly. The most noticeable signs are noticeable heating of the motor casing and the appearance of dark spots on the sawn wood. These are the consequences of significant heating of the saw teeth. Accordingly, the smell of burning appears.

It also increases the amount of effort that must be applied when working with the tool. The bars do not move so smoothly, but with jumps. If the tool is not sharpened for a long time, smoke may appear from the motor.

Disk types

Discs differ in the shape of the teeth:

straight tooth. It is often used in circular saws for ripping, and the quality is not so important.
An oblique tooth with a left and right angle of inclination of the posterior plane. Incisors with different angles alternate, therefore they are called alternately beveled. This option is the most common. The slope value depends on the material to be cut. As the angle increases, the cutting force decreases, which helps to eliminate chipping. However, this reduces the strength of the tooth. The front plane can also be tilted..
conical tooth. Such discs are used when making cuts in the lower layer of the laminate, thereby preventing the appearance of chips during fine sawing. Often the front face is flat, but in some cases the teeth have a concave face.
Trapezoidal teeth. They have good resistance to blunt edges. As a rule, they are used in discs in conjunction with conventional teeth without bevels. In this combination, trapezoidal saws perform rough sawing, and straight saws for finishing.

Sharpening angles

The teeth have 4 characteristic sharpening angles:

front;
rear;
bevel angle of the front planes;
bevel angle of the rear planes.

There is also a taper angle, but it depends on the value of the front and rear angles.

The purpose of the saw directly affects the angle values. Depending on the material being cut and the direction in which the saw will be cut, the angles change.

For a cross cut, a rake angle is set in the range from 5 to 10 degrees. For longitudinal - from 15 to 25 degrees. For universal saws, the front angles are set to an average value of 15 degrees.

Also, the hardness of the material to be cut plays an important role. As the hardness of the material increases, the values of the angles decrease.

The front angle can also have a negative value. Saws of this type are used for cutting metals and plastics.

Tooth sharpening

Sharpening disks for a circular saw can be done in two main ways: using a specialized machine, or using improvised tools.

How to sharpen a circular saw blade with a machine?

The top edge of the tooth is most exposed to wear. During operation, its rounding is observed. The highest wear rate is at the leading edge.

Disks made of hard alloys are best sharpened in two planes. It is allowed to sharpen along one plane (more often along the front), however, then the number of sharpenings is reduced by about 2 times.

Before starting the process, it is necessary to clean the disc from contamination, as well as measure the angles.

It is important for abrasive wheels not to get too hot, especially diamond wheels.

With increasing temperature, the hardness of the materials from which the circles are made decreases. At a temperature of 1250-1350 degrees, the hardness of abrasives decreases by almost 5 times.

But the use of water as cooling can provoke corrosive processes. To avoid this, soap or electrolytes are added to promote the formation of a protective film.

For normal grinding, a soap or soda solution is used, for the final one, with low-concentration emulsions.

To increase the efficiency of sharpening, as well as reduce wear, it is necessary to use the largest grit that provides the desired surface finish.

For example, for diamond wheels, during rough turning, a sharpener with a grain size of 160/125 is used, for the main one - 50/40. Materials with a smaller grain size serve to get rid of notches.

It is important to achieve the maximum smoothness of the teeth, since in the presence of notches, the irregularities crumble during operation, and this will dull the saw much faster.

Sharpening a saw with straight teeth. The disk is installed in a special frame on the machine, and is clamped in it with a conical sleeve and a nut. The position is then adjusted so that it is horizontal, thus providing a zero bevel angle.

If the installation does not have a mechanism for tilting the angular scale, then this is done with a pendulum goniometer. It is also important to check the horizontalness of the installation itself.

As a result, the saw is fixed so that the front plane of the tooth will be located right next to the sharpening surface of the circle. The first tooth to be sharpened is marked in any way. Next, the engine starts and sharpening is performed. Produce the required number of movements back and forth. The layer of metal that will be removed in the process depends on the number of movements performed and the force of pressing. This continues until the sharpening process has gone through the entire disc.

Bevel tooth sharpening. The difference from the turning process of the previous type of teeth is that the disc is fixed not in a horizontal position, but at an angle. Its value is measured with a pendulum protractor. First, a positive angle is set and every second tooth is sharpened, according to the same principle as ordinary teeth. Then the positive angle changes to a negative one, and it is sharpened in the same way, through one tooth.

Sharpening on the back plane. Such sharpening is carried out on machines with the possibility of fixing the saw so that the rear plane is in the same plane with the surface of the grindstone.

How to sharpen a circular saw blade on your own?

Not for all people, buying a special machine is a rational decision. And if you hold the disc in your hands on weight, it is difficult to maintain the desired sharpening angles. To do this, make a device that allows you to position the disk in the desired position relative to the sharpener.

The best solution is a stand, in which the surface is flush with the axis of the grinding wheel. It is also possible to fix one of the sides on the hinge, thus achieving its mobility, and to rest the other on several bolts that can be adjusted. This will allow you to set the disc at any angle for sharpening teeth with a bevel.

Also an important detail is the sharpening of all teeth with the same angles. To do this, you need to fix the center of the disc in the desired position in relation to the sharpener. One way is to make a groove on the surface of the stand for the mandrel on which the saw will be installed.

Useful video

The video shows how to sharpen a circular saw blade on your own.

Sharpening circular saws with your own hands is not difficult for a person who has the skills to work with metalwork equipment. The popularity of circular saws is due to the advantages provided by the operation of this equipment. The main advantages of this tool are cutting accuracy, high quality and cleanliness of its surface. Circular saws are a very popular tool that is very actively used, which leads to rapid wear of the working surfaces. Recovery is carried out by sharpening the working element of the tool.

Signs of need for sharpening and tools used

In order to sharpen the saw, you need to prepare the following tools:

file;
assembly vise;
a block of wood;
colored marker.

Sharpening of the circular saw is carried out as needed. The need for sharpening saws on wood is determined depending on the intensity of use of the tool.

There are several signs of this:

Saw sharpening is required if, during the operation of the device, a strong heating is observed on the safety cover in the area of the electric drive. In some cases, an increase in temperature causes smoke to form from under the saw guard.
It is necessary to sharpen the saw when, in order to obtain a high-quality result, a stronger impact must be exerted on the saw blade.
During the operation of the unit, dark marks appear at the place where the cut was formed, which are traces of soot. The formation of such marks may be accompanied by the appearance of a characteristic smell of burnt wood. If these signs occur, stop using the tool and sharpen the working edges on the cutting elements of the saw blade of the electric saw.

Varieties of working elements of the saw blade of a circular electric saw

In order to know how to correctly sharpen elements on circular saw blades, it is necessary to study the structural features of that part of the circular tool with which wood is sawn. The main element of this part of the disc are the teeth. The production of teeth is carried out using carbide metals. In each of the teeth, four working planes are distinguished:

front;
back;
right and left side.

Planes provide a supporting role. In the geometry of the tooth, one main and two additional cutting edges are distinguished. The edges for cutting the material are formed on the line of intersection of the work planes. Depending on the configuration, all the cutting parts of the working element of the unit can be divided into several varieties:

straight;
bevelled;
trapezoidal;
conical.

Straight teeth are used for fast ripping. This type of cutting elements is not used when obtaining an ideal cut quality.

Beveled working elements are characterized by the presence of a flat surface on the back of the tooth on the left or right side. Some models of circular saws have working elements with different sides of the bevel, which alternate with each other. Such discs are called alternately bevelled. This type of disc is used when it is necessary to cut, in addition to wood, chipboard and various plastics. The presence of a large bevel ensures high-quality sawing without the formation of chips on the edges. The working elements in cross section have the shape of a trapezoid. Due to the presence of such a tooth configuration, the working elements of the disk are able to work for a long time without a visible deterioration in the quality of the cutting edges.

Conical working elements on the cross section have a conical shape. Most often, discs with such working teeth are used as auxiliary ones when pre-cutting the laminate. Discs with such teeth help to avoid chipping when cutting the laminate.

Principles and angles of sharpening the working elements of a circular saw

The working surfaces of the elements are sharpened at the four corners of sharpening. The sharpening angles and the shape of the cutting element are the main parameters of the disc, on which the quality of the work performed depends. The circular tooth has two main angles (back and front), in addition, the characteristics of the working element include the cutting angles of the front and rear surfaces. The characteristics of the sharpening angles depend on the purpose of the device for sawing, the material being processed and the direction of processing.

A saw for a circular saw intended for longitudinal cutting of material is sharpened at a large rake angle, for sawing in the transverse direction, a sharpening angle of 5-10 ° is used. A universal sharpening option is considered to be an angle of 15 °. The level of hardness of the material being processed affects the angle of sharpening of the working elements. The harder the material being cut, the smaller the sharpening angle the saw tooth should have.

During the operation of the tool, the upper cutting edge wears out to the maximum. As a result of the use of the tool for its intended purpose, the cutting edge is rounded. The rounding factor can reach 0.3 mm or more. Among the planes, the front one is subjected to maximum wear.

Proper sharpening should ensure the appearance of the edges, in which their rounding does not exceed 0.2 mm.

For this purpose, simultaneous grinding of the rear and front planes of the work items is used. This sharpening method is optimal. It is possible to sharpen only the front plane, but in this case, the sharpening process takes more time, and the tooth wears out faster due to the fact that it is necessary to grind the metal. With standard sharpening, it is necessary to remove metal with a thickness of 0.05 to 0.15 mm.

How to sharpen a circular saw?

Circular saw is a very popular instrument. In order for it to be most effective, it must be overstocked regularly.

Grinding the saw blade is possible both with the help of a special machine and with the help of improvised tools.

You can sharpen a circular saw yourself, if you follow the instructions, then there is nothing particularly difficult about it.

What is needed for this?

It should be borne in mind that all circular saws need proper and timely sharpening, but those that do not have high power must be carefully sharpened. The fact is that a blunt disk helps to increase the load on the electric motor. This is the result of it overheating quickly and making the tool impossible to work with as it breaks.

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The saw blade needs urgent sharpening if it has the following characteristics:

When cutting, you need to apply considerable effort.
The cutting edges begin to burn, an unpleasant odor appears, dark stains from the saw teeth appear.
The protective cover of the heater starts to heat up very quickly (even when working with such a tool, smoke may appear).

Using a file, each tooth is sharpened. Each of them has the same number of movements and equal pressure.

To sharpen the saw blade, start at the back of the saw blade. It is this part that, during the implementation of the workflow, refers to the material being processed. The most preferred is to grind the disc directly in the machine, but it is also possible that when the grinding process needs to be removed for the grinding process.

When you need to sharpen the saw in the device, the cord is pulled out of the socket (this must be done for safety reasons, so that the device does not accidentally start). It is necessary to wedge the disk while wooden rods are laid on both sides, they are firmly pressed against the saw teeth.

How to grind saw blades

sharpen carbide discs are very simple with the simplest device, but such discs serve the time.

How to quickly sharpen a circular saw

my honing method a circular saw(music series by Audionautix

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The marker should be marked with the tooth that will be sharpened first. When the first tooth is sharpened, it is necessary to remember the number of movements made by the file. This is done because all subsequent teeth must be sharpened with the same force and the number of strokes must be the same.

So, how to sharpen circular saws? If the grinding wheel is removed from the machine, it must be clamped in a vise (wooden matrices are best for this purpose). After that, you must follow the same procedures as described above. When the teeth are sharpened, the disc must first be rotated in a vise. Doing this is much easier than it might seem at first glance, you only need to follow the safety rules, otherwise all this can lead to the most negative consequences.

What should be considered when sharpening a saw?

After the procedure, the saw blade should be checked for uniform sharpening on a piece of wood.

After the sharpening of all teeth has come to an end, the disc is carefully inserted into the machine. Then the machine is connected to the network, and the unnecessary wooden block is sawn. If there is a lot of noise or the material is fed unevenly, then it is necessary to check how closely the teeth fit together in height. This is done as follows: the marker must be brought to the cutting edge, the disk rotates a full revolution in the direction that is opposite to the direction of rotation. Then the disk should be examined in the most careful way. Each tooth will then have a mark so that you can identify those teeth that differ from each other in height. The height of the long teeth is neatly aligned with the file.

Circular saws are used everywhere in construction. Many works require resizing the building materials used, creating cuts and much more. A circular saw allows you to quickly cut a wide variety of materials, while the cutting speed is very high, and the quality of the cut is the best. The constant use of the equipment in question determines that the cutting tool begins to become dull, this has a significant impact on the efficiency of the work carried out and their quality. That is why many people think about how sharpening circular saws is done with their own hands. After all, the ability to perform such work qualitatively will significantly save.

Required Tools

Do-it-yourself discs for a circular plate can only be sharpened with special tools. There is also a machine that allows you to automate the process, make it more efficient.

To carry out work on sharpening the disk with your own hands, you can use the following tools:

mounting vice;
file;
a block of wood.

You can also use a circular saw sharpener that does not require the above tools.

When is it necessary to carry out work on the restoration of circular saws?

Quite an important issue can be called the determination of when the sharpening of circular saws should be carried out. Severe wear can lead to the inability to carry out such work. There are three clear signals that determine the need for sharpening a circular saw blade:

The appearance of smoke, heating of the protective cover. The fixture, as a rule, has a special protective casing that can heat up if the disc becomes dull. It should also be noted that in special cases, smoke occurs due to the strong heating of the cutting zone.
Also, with mechanical feed, when the pressure is adjusted by hand, a lot of effort should be applied to obtain the desired result.
When processing wood or other material, traces of soot and a corresponding smell appear in the cutting zone.

Principles and angles of sharpening circular saws

The saw has four main angles of sharpening of a circular saw on a working part. The angles considered, as well as the shape of the tooth itself, can be called the main performance characteristics. Each tooth can be characterized as follows:

front and rear corner;
cutting angles of the front and back surfaces.

The values of the above parameters depend on the purpose of the sawing device, the type of workpiece material.

According to the above parameters, several saws can be distinguished:

for longitudinal cutting. In this case, the rake angle should be between 15° and 25°.
when performing cross cutting, the considered indicator should be from 5 ° to 10 °.
the universal version is recommended to be sharpened at an angle of 15 °.

The type of material being processed also determines what performance the tooth should have. As a rule, the harder the material, the more difficult it is to machine. That is why it is recommended to sharpen the cutting teeth to a lesser extent.

When a carbide saw blade is used for a long time, significant wear occurs on the uppermost cutting edge. When considering the plane of the tooth, it is worth noting that more wear occurs on the front surface.

Sharpening circular saw blades at home

You can sharpen the saw with your own hands without using a special grinding machine, which is very expensive and is rarely used for its intended purpose due to the use of carbide material to create the cutting edge. However, you can’t just hold the circle in your hands, since you need to achieve certain cutoff parameters to ensure the required performance indicator.

To fix the gear wheel in a strictly specified position, an ordinary flat stand is used. It has the following features:

The surface of the flat stand must match the level of the axis of the grinding wheel.
We place the gear circle on a stand so that the sharpening plane is perpendicular to the saw blade.
The device under consideration for teeth located at a certain angle is equipped with a swivel joint.

The device under consideration allows fixing the element being processed in relation to the abrasive material used. With the help of a colored marker, marking lines are applied, which allow you to choose the right angle. A vice is also needed in which the created fixing device is attached.

Sharpening with a machine

If it is possible to purchase a special machine, then the process in question can be carried out with the maximum efficiency indicator. Such a device has a compact size, it can be used at home.

Particular attention is paid to the choice of abrasive wheel. In this case, we note the following nuances:

Carbide discs are difficult to sharpen.
When choosing, you should pay attention to circles made of elbor, with diamond grit or with green silicon carbide.

The process of sharpening using professional equipment is very simple. The disk is fastened with a special clamp. It was created with the calculation of the design features of the circle. We will pay special attention to the fact that when using special machines it is very easy to sharpen circular saws while maintaining the required indicators. In this case, the error is minimal. This is due to the fact that the design has a special angle indicator meter. In order not to be mistaken at the time of work with which teeth have already been processed, you should mark the starting point with a marker.

Any construction cannot do without a circular saw. When performing various operations, it is necessary to make cuts and cuts. With the help of a circular saw, it becomes possible to cut any tree with great speed and high quality. With the constant use of such a device, the cutting tool becomes dull, the performance of the operation decreases. Sharpening of circular saws becomes the most important operation.

Classification of circular saws

To obtain a clean cut, it is necessary that the sharpening of the circular saw blades is done correctly. Tools are divided into several groups:

All-metal.
The working area of the disc has a hard coating.
Carbide plates are soldered onto the saw teeth.

The teeth of the saw after sharpening must be divorced. If you work with a dull tool, the drive begins to experience additional load, the quality of the cut suffers.

If the disc works with hardwood, it must have special technological grooves. Their absence leads to overheating of the blade, the metal will begin to expand, and deformation of the cutting tool will occur. A dangerous vibration will appear, the quality of the cut will suffer.

Varieties of cutting surfaces

To improve work efficiency, engineers have developed several types of teeth that differ in their shape and sharpening angle:

On some canvases, the front plane of the tooth has a concave shape. This tool is used to make cross cuts.

Correct sharpening angle

Circular saws have teeth with two angles:

back.
In front of him.

The value of the angle depends on the type of material being processed, the purpose of the operating equipment and the direction of sawing. For example, to obtain a longitudinal cut, the front angles are made within 15-25 degrees. For a cross cut, the rake angle will be in the range of 5-10 degrees. An angle of 15 degrees is suitable for processing any material in the desired direction. The angle value depends on the hardness of the workpiece being processed. The harder the material, the sharper the teeth need to be sharpened.

Methods for processing disk blades

To form a cutting edge, any grinder is suitable where the design of the equipment does not is of great importance. Of course, the sharpening angles of carbide-tipped disc plates are more accurately obtained on specialized equipment. However, its cost is very high, so they use a conventional grinder, which has the ability to change the slope of the corundum disk.

To sharpen a circular disc yourself, you must strictly fulfill several basic conditions:

Usually the top edge is deformed. Sometimes the rounding of the edges reaches 0.3 mm. Therefore, sharpening starts from the top.
Processing is carried out taking into account the leading edge and its rear part.
The operation is repeated at least 25 times. The thickness of the removed metal should not exceed 0.05-0.15 mm.
The quality of processing must be exactly the same on the entire surface to be treated.
After the end of sharpening, it can be fine-tuned manually with fine-grained sandpaper.

Sharpening carbide-tipped tools

Sharpening circular saws with victorious tips often causes problems. Processing with standard abrasives takes a very long time, and if the material is overheated, it can be “released”. Of course, processing with a diamond tool will be much faster, but its cost is very high. It will be much more economical to purchase a victorious disk.

Each master approaches the solution of this problem purely individually. To get the correct sharpening angles for carbide-tipped saw blades, you will definitely need a machine.

Home processing of toothed blade

To process a circular saw, it is not necessary to have a special machine for sharpening circular saws with your own hands. To fix the fabric in a certain position, you can use a flat stand, which has several nuances:

The surface must be flush with the center of the grinding wheel.
The plane of sharpening should be at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the gear circle.
To create a different slope, the fixture must have a swivel joint.

To select the desired angle, make a mark with a colored marker. The device must be installed in a powerful grip. Not even the slightest movement of the special stand is allowed.