Einstein was a heavy smoker. Biography of Albert Einstein
Biography and episodes of life Albert Einstein. When born and died Albert Einstein, memorable places and dates of important events in his life. Quotes theoretical physicist, Photo and video.
Albert Einstein's life:
born March 14, 1879, died April 18, 1955
Epitaph
“You are the god of the most paradoxical theories!
Wonderful I want to find and I ...
Let there be death - believe a priori! -
The beginning of the highest form of being."
From a poem by Vadim Rozov in memory of Einstein
Biography
Albert Einstein is one of the most famous physicists of the last centuries. In his biography, Einstein made a number of great discoveries and revolutionized scientific thinking. His scientific path was not simple, just as Albert Einstein's personal life was not simple, but after himself he left a huge legacy that still gives food for thought to modern scientists.
He was born into a simple, poor Jewish family. As a child, Einstein did not like school, so he preferred to study at home, which gave rise to some gaps in his education (for example, he wrote with errors), as well as many myths that Einstein was a stupid student. So, when Einstein entered the Polytechnic in Zurich, he got excellent grades in mathematics, but failed the exams in botany and French, so he had to go to school for some more time to enter again. Studying at the Polytechnic was easy for him, and there he met his future wife Mileva, to whom some biographers attributed Einstein's merits. Their first child was born before marriage, what happened to the girl next is unknown. She may have died in infancy or was given up to be raised. However, Einstein could not be called a man fit for marriage. All his life he devoted himself entirely to science.
After graduating from university, Einstein got a job at the patent office in Bern, writing many scientific publications during his work - and in his spare time, as he coped with work duties very quickly. In 1905, Einstein first put down to paper thoughts about his future theory of relativity, which says that the laws of physics should have the same form in any frame of reference.
For many years Einstein taught at European universities and worked on his scientific ideas. He stopped teaching regularly at universities in 1914, and a year later he published the final version of the theory of relativity. But, contrary to popular misconception, Einstein received the Nobel Prize not for it, but for the “photoelectric effect.” Einstein lived in Germany from 1914 to 1933, but with the rise of fascism in the country, he was forced to immigrate to America, where he remained until his death - he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study, searched for a theory of a single equation from which one could extract the phenomena of gravity and electromagnetism, but these studies were unsuccessful. He spent the last years of his life with his wife Else Löwenthal, his cousin, and children from his wife's first marriage, whom he adopted.
Einstein's death came on the night of April 18, 1955 at Princeton. Einstein's cause of death was an aortic aneurysm. Before his death, Einstein forbade any lavish farewells to his body and requested that the time and place of his burial be kept secret. Therefore, the funeral of Albert Einstein was held without any publicity, only his close friends were present. Einstein's grave does not exist, as his body was burned in a crematorium and the ashes scattered.
life line
March 14, 1879 Date of birth of Albert Einstein.
1880 Moving to Munich.
1893 Moving to Switzerland.
1895 Studying at school in Aarau.
1896 Admission to the Zurich Polytechnic (now the ETH Zurich).
1902 Employment at the Federal Patent Office in Bern, father's death.
January 6, 1903 Marriage to Mileva Marich, birth of daughter Lieserl, whose fate is unknown.
1904 Einstein's son Hans Albert is born.
1905 First discoveries.
1906 Obtaining a PhD degree in physics.
1909 Obtaining a professorship at the University of Zurich.
1910 Birth of son Eduard Einstein.
1911 Einstein headed the Department of Physics at the German University of Prague (now Charles University).
1914 Return to Germany.
February 1919 Divorce from Mileva Marich.
June 1919 Marriage to Else Löwenthal.
1921 Receiving the Nobel Prize.
1933 Moving to the USA.
December 20, 1936 Date of death of Einstein's wife, Elsa Löwenthal.
April 18, 1955 Einstein's date of death.
April 19, 1955 Einstein's funeral.
Memorable places
1. Monument to Einstein in Ulm on the site of the house in which he was born.
2. House Museum of Albert Einstein in Bern, in the house where the scientist lived in 1903-1905. and where his theory of relativity was born.
3. Einstein House in 1909-1911 in Zurich.
4. Einstein House in 1912-1914 in Zurich.
5. Einstein House in 1918-1933 in Berlin.
6. House of Einstein in 1933-1955 at Princeton.
7. Swiss ETH Zurich (former Zurich Polytechnic), where Einstein studied.
8. University of Zurich, where Einstein taught in 1909-1911.
9. Charles University (former German University), where Einstein taught.
10. Memorial plaque to Einstein in Prague, on the house he visited while teaching at the Prague German University.
11. The Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, where Einstein worked after immigrating to the US.
12. Monument to Albert Einstein in Washington, USA.
13. Ewing Cemetery crematorium, where Einstein's body was burned.
Episodes of life
Once, at a social reception, Einstein met Hollywood actress Marilyn Monroe. Flirtingly, she said: “If we had a child, he would inherit my beauty and your intelligence. That would be nice". To which the scientist ironically remarked: “And if he turns out to be handsome, like me, and smart, like you?” Nevertheless, the scientist and the actress were bound by mutual sympathy and respect for a long time, which even gave rise to many rumors about their love affair.
Einstein was a fan of Chaplin, adored his films. Once he wrote a letter to his idol saying: “Your film Gold Rush is understood by everyone in the world, and I am sure that you will become a great person! Einstein". To which the great actor and director replied: “I admire you even more. Nobody in the world understands your theory of relativity, but you still became a great person! Chaplin. Chaplin and Einstein became close friends, the scientist often hosted the actor at his home.
Einstein once said: "If two percent of the young people in the country refuse military service, then the government will not be able to resist them, and there will simply not be enough places in prisons." This spawned a whole anti-war movement among young Americans who wore badges that read "2%" on their chests.
Dying, Einstein spoke a few words in German, but the American nurse could not understand and remember them. Despite the fact that Einstein lived for many years in America, he claimed to speak English poorly, and German remained his native language.
Covenant
“Care for man and his fate should be the main goal in science. Never forget this among your drawings and equations."
“Only the life that is lived for people is valuable.”
Documentary about Albert Einstein
condolences
"Humanity will always be indebted to Einstein for removing the limitations of our worldview, which were associated with primitive notions of absolute space and time."
Niels Bohr, Danish theoretical physicist, Nobel laureate
“If Einstein did not exist, the physics of the 20th century would be different. This cannot be said of any other scientist ... He has taken a position in public life that is unlikely to be occupied by another scientist in the future. No one really knows why, but he entered the public consciousness of the whole world, becoming a living symbol of science and the master of thoughts of the twentieth century. Einstein was the noblest man we have ever met."
Charles Percy Snow, English writer, physicist
“There was always a kind of magical purity about him, both childish and boundlessly stubborn.”
Robert Oppenheimer, American theoretical physicist
Albert Einstein (German: Albert Einstein 1879─1955) is a brilliant theoretical physicist, one of the founders of modern theoretical physics, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. Author of over 300 scientific papers, in which he described the developed physical theories, including general and special relativity, quantum theory, light scattering theory and a number of others. Einstein predicted gravitational waves and "quantum teleportation", studied the problem of unified field theory.
His discoveries underlie most modern technologies: lasers, photocells, fiber optics, astronautics, nuclear energy and much more owe their appearance to the great physicist. Einstein consistently spoke as a pacifist against the use of nuclear weapons and for world peace.
Childhood and youth
Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in the German city of Ulm to Hermann Einstein and Pauline Koch. The genealogy of both parents went back to Jewish merchants who lived for two centuries in the Swabian lands. The father of the future physicist was engaged in business, but soon after the birth of his son, he went bankrupt. This forced the family to move to Munich to live with Hermann's younger brother Jakob. Here, in 1881, Albert's younger sister Maria, who was always called Maya in the family, was born.
In early childhood, Albert avoided noisy games with his peers, preferring them to do things alone - building houses of cards, solving puzzles, moving a toy steam engine. So he made for himself the first discoveries that will forever remain in his life. One of the key moments of Einstein's childhood was, at first glance, an ordinary gift from his father - a compass. But this device brought the boy to an indescribable thrill from the realization of what unknown force controls the compass needles.
The son received one symbolic gift from his mother, who had a musical education. She taught him to play the violin, which would become a real inspiration for the physicist. It is the violin that will help Albert in solving the mysteries of the theory of relativity. As his son Hans Albert later recalled: “When it seemed to him that he had reached a dead end, he went into music and solved his problems there”. Einstein especially liked Mozart's sonatas, which he himself performed with pleasure.
At the age of six, his parents sent Albert to study at the Petersschule Catholic School, where he was often ridiculed because of his nationality. “I felt like an outsider,” Einstein would say. When he was 9 years old, he was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium. Contrary to popular belief, he was the best student in the class and was excellent at mathematics, mastering the school textbooks of the older classes during the summer holidays. The only thing that disgusted him was the mechanical learning of foreign languages.
First steps in science
In 1894, due to financial problems, the Einstein family moved to Northern Italy. Here he gained experience in dealing with electric generators, magnets and coils, writing at the age of 16 the first article "On the study of the state of the ether in a magnetic field." The ingenious physicist failed his attempt to enter the Zurich multidisciplinary technical school, having passed mathematics perfectly and unsuccessfully in the main exam, which included biology, literature, and languages. As a result, it was possible to enter only the second time after graduating from school in Aarau.
After receiving a diploma as a teacher of mathematical and physical sciences, Einstein at one time could not even get a job as an ordinary teacher. Only with the help of a friend, he gets a job at the Swiss Federal Patent Office, which did not prevent him from doing science. In 1905, which will be called the “year of miracles”, Albert publishes three articles in the Annals of Physics magazine on quantum physics, the theory of relativity and static physics, which made a splash in the scientific world. For example, in the article "On one heuristic point of view on the emergence and cessation of light" he suggested that homogeneous light consists of quanta that rush through space at the speed of light. In 1906, Einstein deservedly becomes a doctor of science.
Professorship
In 1909, Einstein was elected professor at the University of Zurich, and then at the German University in Prague. At this time, the scientist is working on the theory of gravity, seeking to develop a relativistic theory of gravity. Together with M. Grossman, Albert finishes work on the theory of relativity, in which he concluded that any large body creates a curvature of space, so any other body will experience the influence of the first in such space. In fact, space-time acts as a material carrier of gravity. In order to substantiate the proposed hypothesis mathematically, Einstein had to master tensor analysis and work on a four-dimensional pseudo-Marian generalization.
In 1911, at the First Solvay Congress, Einstein met with Poincare, who met with hostility the theory of relativity. After the outbreak of the First World War, Einstein, in collaboration with G. Nicolai, wrote the "Appeal to the Europeans", in which he condemned "nationalist madness."
Berlin period
After some thought, Albert moves to the University of Berlin, at the same time heading the Institute of Physics. After the end of the war, he focused on the old topics of research and engaged in new developments. In particular, he was greatly interested in relativistic cosmology. In 1917, the article "Cosmological considerations to the general theory of relativity" was published. Soon the scientist becomes seriously ill - in addition to chronic problems with the liver, he suffered from stomach ulcers and jaundice.
After recovering, Einstein begins active work. In the 1920s, he was in great demand as a scientist; he was invited to lecture by the best universities in Europe. In addition, the physicist visited Japan and India, where he met with R. Tagore. In the United States, Congress passed a special resolution in honor of him.
After much deliberation, at the end of 1922, Einstein was finally awarded the Nobel Prize for 1921 officially for the theory of the photoelectric effect, and not other more famous works. Still, the scientific revolutionary nature of his ideas made itself felt.
After 70 years, their colleagues from the University of Colorado received such condensates. In addition, the scientist became interested in politics and repeatedly spoke about universal internationalism, the disarmament of the Old World and the abolition of compulsory military service. In 1929, the world community widely celebrated the 50th anniversary of Einstein, who hid from everyone in his villa, where he received only close friends.
American period
The growing crisis of the Weimar Republic, which resulted in the coming to power of the Nazis, forced Albert to leave Germany. Moreover, frank threats were poured into his address. Together with his family, he moves to the United States, deliberately renouncing German citizenship in connection with Nazi crimes. Overseas, Einstein will be appointed professor of physics at the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study. Here he had great recognition and was awarded an audience with US President F. Roosevelt.
Success in the scientific field alternated with troubles in his personal life. In 1936, an old friend and colleague M. Grossman died, his wife Elsa soon died. Einstein stayed with his beloved sister, stepdaughter Margo and secretary E. Dukas. He lived very modestly and did not even have a TV and a car, which amazed many Americans.
On the eve of the outbreak of World War II, the scientist put his signature under the appeal to the American President F. Roosevelt, initiated by the physicist L. Szilard. In it, representatives of the scientific community sounded the alarm about the possible creation of nuclear weapons by the Third Reich. The head of state shared this concern and launched his own project. Subsequently, Einstein will reproach himself for his involvement in the creation of the atomic bomb and utter the famous words: "We won the war, but not the peace".
During the war, the scientist was engaged in advising the US Navy, and after its completion, together with B. Russell, M. Born, L. Pauling and others, he became one of the founders of the Pugwash movement of scientists advocating scientific cooperation and disarmament. To prevent a new war, Albert even proposed the formation of a world government. Until the end of his days, Einstein studied the problems of cosmology and unified field theory.
In 1955, Einstein's health deteriorated markedly, and heart problems arose. This prompted him to tell his loved ones that he had fulfilled his destiny and was ready to die. He met his death with dignity, without unnecessary sentimentality. On April 18, 1955, the heart of the great scientist stopped. He did not like unnecessary pathos and did not allow it to be done in relation to himself after death. The funeral of Albert Einstein turned out to be very modest, attended only by close friends. After the memorial service, his body was burned, and the ashes were scattered to the wind.
Personal life
The first wife of the scientist was a Serbian Mileva Marich, who was a teacher of physics and mathematics by education. They married in 1903, but by that time they had a daughter, Lieserl, who died in infancy. Then two sons were born - Hans Albert and Eduard. The former will eventually become a professor at the University of California and become famous as a hydraulic scientist. The fate of the younger Eduard is more tragic - in the early 30s he will fall ill with schizophrenia and spend the rest of his days in a mental hospital.
Albert and Mileva agreed that in the event of a divorce, Einstein would give the money due for the Nobel Prize to his wife. And so he did in the end. They bought three houses in Zurich.
In 1919, Albert married a second time to his maternal cousin Else Löwenthal, adopting her two children, Ilse and Margot. They did not have joint offspring, but Einstein treated his adopted daughters as his own, surrounding them with care and attention. This marriage will last until the death of Elsa in 1936.
Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm. He received his secondary education at a city Catholic school.
In September 1895 he arrived in Zurich to enter the Polytechnic. Having received "excellent" in mathematics, he failed in French and botany. On the advice of the director of the Polytechnic, he entered the cantonal school of Aarau.
During his studies, he studied Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. In October 1896 he became a student at the Polytechnic. Here he made friends with the mathematician M. Grossman.
Start of activity
In 1901, Einstein's first paper, "Consequences of the Theory of Capillarity", was published. At this time, the future great scientist was in great need. Therefore, thanks to the “patronage” of M. Grossman, he was admitted to the staff of the Federal Bern Office for Patenting Inventions. There he worked from 1902 to 1909.
In 1904 he began to collaborate with the journal "Annals of Physics". His duties included providing summaries of recent texts on thermodynamics.
Notable discoveries
Einstein's most famous discoveries include the Special Theory of Relativity. It was published in 1905. Works on the general theory of relativity were published from 1915 to 1916.
Teaching activity
In 1912, the great scientist returned to Zurich and began to teach at the same Polytechnic, where he had once studied himself. In 1913, on the recommendation of V. G. Nernst and his friend Planck, he headed the Berlin Physical Research Institute. He was also enrolled in the teaching staff of the University of Berlin.
Receiving the Nobel Prize
Einstein was repeatedly nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics. The first nomination for the theory of relativity took place in 1910, on the initiative of W. Ostwald.
But the Nobel Committee was suspicious of such a "revolutionary" theory. Einstein's experimental evidence was deemed insufficient.
Einstein received the Nobel in Physics for the “safe” theory of the photoelectric effect in 1921. At this time, the brilliant physicist was away. Therefore, the German Ambassador to Sweden R. Nadolny received the prize for it.
Illness and death
In 1955, Einstein was often and seriously ill. He passed away on April 18, 1955. The cause of death was an aortic aneurysm. Before his death, he asked his relatives not to arrange a magnificent funeral for him and not to disclose the place of his burial.
Only twelve of his closest friends accompanied the great scientist on his last journey. His body was cremated and his ashes scattered to the wind.
Other biography options
- Until the age of 12 he was very religious. But after reading popular science literature, I came to the conclusion that the church and the state deceive people, and “fairy tales” are written in the Bible. After that, the future scientist ceased to recognize authorities.
- Einstein was a pacifist. He actively fought against Nazism. In one of his last works, he said that humanity must do everything to prevent a nuclear war.
- Einstein sympathized with the USSR and Lenin in particular. But he considered terror and repression unacceptable methods.
- In 1952, he received an offer to become the Prime Minister of Israel and refused, noting that he lacked experience to lead the country.
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“Man begins to live only when
when he manages to surpass himself"
Albert Einstein is a well-known physicist, the creator of the theory of relativity, the author of numerous works on quantum physics, one of the creators of the modern stage in the development of this science.
The future Nobel laureate was born on March 15, 1879 in the small German town of Ulm. The family came from an ancient Jewish family. Papa Herman was the owner of a company that stuffed mattresses and pillows with feathers. Einstein's mother was the daughter of a famous maize seller. In 1880, the family went to Munich, where Hermann, together with his brother Jakob, created a small business selling electrical equipment. After some time, the Einsteins have a daughter, Maria.
In Munich, Albert Einstein goes to a Catholic school. As the scientist recalled, at the age of 13 he stopped trusting the beliefs of religious fanatics. Having joined science, he began to look at the world differently. Everything that was said in the Bible now did not seem plausible to him. All this formed in him a person who is skeptical of everything, especially authorities. From childhood, Albert Einstein's most vivid impressions were Euclid's book "Elements" and the compass. At the request of his mother, little Albert began to get involved in playing the violin. The craving for music for a long time settled in the heart of the scientist. In the future, while in the States, Albert Einstein gave a concert to all emigrants from Germany, performing Mozart's compositions on the violin.
While studying at the gymnasium, Einstein was not an excellent student (except in mathematics). He did not like the method of memorizing the material, as well as the attitude of teachers towards students. Therefore, he often argued with teachers.
In 1894 the family moved again. This time to Pavia, a small town near Milan. This is where the Einstein brothers move their production.
In the autumn of 1895, the young genius comes to Switzerland to enter the school. He dreamed of teaching physics. He passes the exam in mathematics perfectly, but the future scientist fails the tests in botany. Then the director suggested to the young guy to take the exam in Aarau in order to re-enter a year later.
In the Arau school, Albert Einstein actively studied Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. In September 1897, he successfully passed the exams. Having a certificate in hand, he entered Zurich, where he soon met the mathematician Grossman and Mileva Marich, who would later become his wife. After a certain time, Albert Einstein renounces German citizenship and takes Swiss citizenship. However, for this it was necessary to pay 1000 francs. But there was no money, as the family was in a difficult financial situation. Albert Einstein's relatives move to Milan after going bankrupt. In the same place, Albert's father again creates a company selling electrical equipment, but without his brother.
Einstein liked the teaching style at the Polytechnic, because there was no authoritarian attitude of teachers. The young scientist felt better. The learning process was exciting also because the lectures were given by such geniuses as Adolf Hurwitz and Hermann Minkowski.
Science in Einstein's Life
In 1900, Albert completed his studies in Zurich and received a diploma. This gave him the right to teach physics and mathematics. The teachers assessed the knowledge of the young scientist at a high level, but did not want to provide assistance in a future career. The following year, he receives Swiss citizenship, but he still cannot find a job. There were part-time jobs in schools, but this was not enough for life. Einstein starved for days, which caused a liver disorder. Despite all the difficulties, Albert Einstein tried to devote more time to science. In 1901, a Berlin journal published a paper on the theory of capillarity, where Einstein analyzed the forces of attraction in the atoms of a liquid.
Fellow student Grossman helps Einstein and gets him a job at the patent office. Albert Einstein has been working here for 7 years evaluating patent applications. In 1903 he worked in the Bureau on a full-time basis. The nature and style of work allowed the scientist to study problems related to physics in his spare time.
In 1903, Einstein received a letter from Milan stating that his father was dying. Hermann Einstein passed away after the son arrived.
On January 7, 1903, the young scientist marries his friend from the Polytechnic, Mileva Marich. Later, from his marriage with her, Albert has three children.
Einstein's discoveries
In 1905, Einstein's work on the Brownian motion of particles was published. The work of the Englishman Brown already had an explanation. Einstein, having not encountered the works of the scientist before, gave his theory a certain completeness and the possibility of conducting experiments. In 1908, the experiments of the Frenchman Perrin confirmed Einstein's theory.
In 1905, another work of the scientist was published, devoted to the formation and transformation of light. In 1900, Max Planck had already shown that the spectral content of radiation could be explained by considering the radiation to be continuous. According to him, the light was emitted in portions. Einstein put forward the theory that light is absorbed by parts and consists of quanta. Such an assumption allowed the scientist to explain the reality of the "red border" (the limiting frequency, below which the electrons are not knocked out of the body).
The scientist also applied the quantum theory to other phenomena that the classics could not consider in detail.
In 1921 he was awarded the title of Nobel laureate.
Theory of relativity
Despite the many articles written, the scientist gained worldwide fame thanks to his theory of relativity, which he first voiced in 1905 in one bulletin. Even in his youth, the scientist thought about what would appear before an observer who would follow the light wave at the speed of light. He did not accept the concept of ether.
Albert Einstein suggested that for any object, no matter how it moves, the speed of light is the same. The scientist's theory is comparable to Lorentz's formulas for transforming time. However, Lorentz's transformations were indirect, having no connection with time.
Professorship
At 28, Einstein was extremely popular. In 1909 he became a professor at the Zurich Polytechnic, later at a university in the Czech Republic. After a certain time, he nevertheless returned to Zurich, but after 2 years he accepted an offer to become director of the Department of Physics in Berlin. Einstein's citizenship was restored. Work on the theory of relativity lasted for many years, and already with the participation of Comrade Grossman, outlines of the draft theory came out. The final version was formulated in 1915. It was the greatest achievement in the field of physics in recent decades.
Einstein was able to answer the question of what mechanism contributes to the gravitational interaction between objects. The scientist suggested that the structure of space could act as such an object. Albert Einstein thought that any body contributes to the curvature of space, making it different, and the other body in relation to the given one moves in the same space and is influenced by the first body.
The theory of relativity gave impetus to the development of other theories, which were later confirmed.
American period of the life of a scientist
In America, he became a professor at Princeton University, continuing to develop a field theory that would unify gravity and electromagnetism.
At Princeton, Professor Einstein was a real celebrity. But the people saw him as a good-natured, modest, strange person. His passion for music has not faded. He often performed in an ensemble of physicists. The scientist was also fond of sailing, saying that it helps to reflect on the problems of the universe.
He was one of the main ideologists of the formation of the State of Israel. In addition, Einstein was invited to the presidency of this country, but he refused.
The main tragedy of the scientist's life was the idea of the atomic bomb. Watching the growing power of the German state, he sent a letter to the US Congress in 1939, which prompted the development and creation of weapons of mass destruction. Albert Einstein later regretted this, but it was too late.
In 1955, at Princeton, the great naturalist died of an aortic aneurysm. But for a long time, many will remember his quotes, which have become truly great. He said that one should not lose faith in humanity, since we ourselves are people. The biography of the scientist is undoubtedly very fascinating, but it is the quotes written by him that help to delve into his life and work, which play the role of a preface in the "book about the life of a great man."
Some wisdom from Albert Einstein
At the heart of every difficulty lies an opportunity.
Logic can take you from point A to point B, and imagination can take you anywhere...
Outstanding personalities are formed not through beautiful speeches, but by their own work and its results.
If you live as if nothing in this world is a miracle, then you can do whatever you want and you will not have obstacles. If you live as if everything is a miracle, then you will be able to enjoy even the smallest manifestations of beauty in this world. If you live in two ways at the same time, then your life will be happy and productive.
Albert Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, Germany. His father sold electrical equipment, his mother ran a household. Later, the family moved to Munich, where young Albert entered a Catholic school. Einstein continued his education at the ETH Zurich, after which he was promised a career as a school teacher of mathematics and physics.
For a long time, the future famous physicist could not find a position as a teacher, so he became a technical assistant at the Swiss Patent Office. Dealing with patents, the scientist could trace the connection between the achievements of modern science and technical innovations, which greatly expanded his scientific horizons. In his spare time, Einstein dealt with issues directly related to physics.
In 1905, he managed to publish several important papers that were devoted to Brownian motion, quantum theory and the theory of relativity. The great physicist was the first to introduce a formula into science that reflected the relationship between mass and energy. This relation formed the basis of the principle of conservation of energy, which was established in relativism. All modern nuclear energy is based on Einstein's formula.
Einstein and his theory of relativity
Einstein formulated the foundations of the famous theory of relativity by 1917. His concept substantiated the principle of relativity and transferred it to systems that are capable of moving with acceleration along curvilinear trajectories. General relativity has become an expression of the connection between the space-time continuum and the distribution of mass. Einstein built his concept on the theory of gravity proposed by Newton.
The theory of relativity was a truly revolutionary concept for its time. Her recognition was helped by the facts observed by scientists, confirming Einstein's calculations. Glory on a global scale came to the scientist after the solar eclipse that took place in 1919, observations of which showed the validity of the conclusions of this brilliant theoretical physicist.
For his work in theoretical physics, Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1922. Later, he seriously dealt with the issues of quantum physics, its statistical component. In the last years of his life, the physicist worked on the creation of a unified field theory, in which he intended to combine the provisions of the theory of electromagnetic and gravitational interactions. But Einstein did not have time to complete this work.
