Why menstruation is scanty and small. Reasons for poor (scanty) periods

Scanty periods become a serious problem for every woman of childbearing age, the causes of this disorder are varied, but in any case, this situation should not be ignored.

Characteristics of the disease hypomenorrhea

Hypomenorrhea is insufficient blood loss during menstrual bleeding, when the amount of blood released is less than the minimum value of the physiological norm. In other words, hypomenorrhea is scanty menstruation.

The physiologically normal level of menstrual blood loss is from 50 to 150 ml. The allocation of an insufficient amount of blood may be due to physiological reasons. First of all, it can be the primary formation of the menstrual cycle at the stage of puberty or premenopause on the eve of the wilting of the reproductive abilities of the woman's body. The cause of hypomenorrhea can be certain diseases and pathological processes in the female body. Therefore, a bad menstruation is an important reason for a visit to a gynecologist. Especially if this reduces the duration of menstruation, i.e., oligomenorrhea. Another dangerous sign is amenorrhea, that is, the complete absence of menstrual flow.

Etiology of the disease

The main causes of meager menstruation of a pathological nature, causing a decrease in the volume of menstrual flow, are a functional disorder of the ovaries and the cerebral appendage - the pituitary gland. These organs control the menopause of the female body. The formation of the corresponding menstrual cycle, the regularity of critical days, the normal volume of blood discharge depends on their normal work.

Scanty periods without blood can be the result of various pathologies of the mucosal, i.e., the inner layer of the uterus, its mucous membrane - the endometrium. Its damage can be caused by repeated abortions and curettage, as well as mistakes by the specialist who performed these procedures.

A decrease in the amount of hormones produced, i.e., a decrease in their cyclic secretion, destroys blood circulation in the tissues of the uterus. This, in turn, causes various pathologies of the endometrial layer. As a result of these processes, little blood is released on critical days.

Another frequent, when the amount of discharge is much less than normal, is various diseases of the internal organs. These can be inflammatory, infectious, etc. diseases that affect the genitourinary organs. For example, tuberculosis of the genital organs. These ailments greatly weaken the body of a woman, causing, among other things, meager short menstruation.

Common causes of scanty periods:

surgical operations of the genitourinary system;
underdevelopment of the urinary organs;
fragmentary surgical removal of the uterus according to medical prescriptions;
genital infection;
metabolic disorders, vitamin deficiency;
low level of hemoglobin in the blood;
a significant decrease in body weight with malnutrition or improper diet;
primary or drug anorexia;
errors in the use of hormonal contraceptives;
breastfeeding period - lactation;
diseases of the endocrinological system;
disorders and diseases of the central nervous system;
constant radiation exposure or contact with strong chemicals in the workplace;
household intoxication;
immune system disorder.

One-time meager periods are most often caused by stressful conditions, all sorts of changes in the usual life cycle of a woman. With the normalization of the general condition of the body, the menstrual cycle is also restored, and the discharge becomes normal.

With the reappearance of meager periods, you should immediately undergo an examination by a gynecologist. This will help determine exactly why your period is weak. Especially if the number of critical days increases, i.e., periods become long. This indicates serious uterine pathologies that need to be treated. Otherwise, a woman cannot avoid infertility and other serious problems.

Symptoms of pathology

The main symptom of insufficient blood loss is dripping discharge during critical days. The color of such secretions is lighter and darker than usual. It depends on the reason that affects the composition of the secretions. With various kinds of injuries in the composition of the excreted blood, the percentage of damaged red blood cells increases. Therefore, the color of the discharge becomes more intense, up to dark brown.

An increase in the number of damaged leukocytes brightens the color of the discharge to a pale yellow tint. It is most often caused by infectious and inflammatory diseases.

The duration of critical days remains normal or reduced. Disorders of the menstrual cycle are possible, for example, a delay in the next menstruation.

All of these processes may be accompanied by such signs as:

headache;
increased normal menstrual pain;
the appearance of unusual pain during menstruation;
uterine contractions of a spastic nature;
lumbar pain;
labored breathing;
disorder of the digestive system;
general weakness;
nasal .

Even in the absence of all these symptoms, the very fact of the appearance of drips instead of the usual menstrual bleeding in sexually mature women becomes a cause for concern.

Dark colored discharge

The dark color of menstrual flow during scanty menstruation is caused by the following reasons:

acute or chronic endometritis;
improperly performed intrauterine interventions;
endometrial hyperplasia.

The use of hormonal contraceptives at first also causes the appearance of dark ones. This is a normal situation in the first 1-2 months after the start of the contraceptive. If the situation repeats after the specified period, the contraceptive must be changed.

Formation of the menstrual cycle

At the first stages of puberty, when the first menstruation appears in teenage girls, the formation of the menstrual cycle and the hormonal transformation of the body begin. Therefore, during this period, menstruation most often goes badly, which is not a dangerous sign, even if they are accompanied by pains of various localization.

The color of the discharge itself during early scanty menstruation very often differs from the physiological norm. The color range of secretions can range from light brown to yellowish. As the corresponding functions of a maturing organism become established, everything gradually returns to normal.

Syndrome in pregnant women

In the first 4-5 weeks of pregnancy, scanty periods are quite possible. Especially if the restructuring of hormonal processes in a woman's body has not yet been completed.

During the period of gestation, expectant mothers in some cases experience scanty menstrual flow. The main reason for this process is the pathology of the endocrine system and the failure of the formation and secretion of ovarian or pituitary hormones. In this case, there is an excess of androgens and a lack of progesterone. In addition, scanty menstrual flow occurs with an ectopic pregnancy, fetal developmental pathologies, or heart disease in an unborn child. During a scanty period, a woman preparing to become a mother may be bothered by symptoms such as:

pain;
general weakness;
indigestion - dyspepsia;
nausea, vomiting and other signs of food poisoning.

Therefore, when any vaginal discharge appears, a pregnant woman should appear to a gynecologist. After the examination, the doctor will determine what needs to be done. It may be necessary to correct the hormonal background or other procedures.

Starting from 5-6 weeks, bloody vaginal discharge during gestation may appear with the threat of spontaneous abortion or detachment of the fetal egg. The threat of miscarriage is diagnosed by the following symptoms:

red color of blood secretions;
weak pains of a pulling nature in the pelvic area (in the 1st trimester);
cramping pains and self-removal of remnants of embryonic tissues (in the 2nd trimester).

Scanty discharge after childbirth

In the postpartum period, a woman's hormonal levels change. The menstrual cycle is restored gradually. All this, coupled with lactation, affects the characteristics of the course of menstruation and the amount of bleeding. at this stage due to physiological reasons. Over time, the menstrual cycle will fully recover.

A dangerous sign is the duration of scanty postpartum periods. In this case, scanty menstruation can be observed with insufficient secretion of pituitary hormones. Another dangerous cause is postpartum inflammation, infection, medical errors during childbirth, postpartum stress. In this situation, a woman needs a course of maintenance therapy.

After curettage or abortion, very meager periods are often observed, especially if the fetus is removed incorrectly. In this case it is possible:

deterioration in general condition;
pain in the lower abdomen;
hyperthermia;
darkening of secretions;
unpleasant, even putrid smell of menstrual blood.

You should be examined to begin treatment of infectious or inflammatory diseases that caused these symptoms.

Most likely, it will be necessary to carry out repeated curettage to remove the remnants of the fetal membrane.

Diagnostic Measures

With the reappearance of scanty menstruation, it is very important to determine the exact cause of this process. Therefore, it is imperative to:

anamnestic conversation;
a thorough examination on the gynecological chair;
biopsy of the mucous layer of the uterus - endometrium;
bacteriological culture;
a laboratory study of blood and urine to determine the level of sex hormones;
PCR to detect urinary infections;
Ultrasound of the uterus, ovaries and pelvic organs;
measurement of core body temperature.

Therapeutic measures

Scanty menstruation, caused by various physiological reasons, does not require special treatment. Usually, a light maintenance course, correction of the general regimen and proper nutrition are sufficient.

When diseases of internal organs become the cause of meager periods, first of all, treatment of the underlying disease should be started. Homeopathic medicines are often used to treat hypomenorrhea itself.

The cause of scanty periods is often caused by disorders of the central nervous system, such as:

apathy;
depressive state;
stressful situations;
chronic sleep deprivation and fatigue.

In these cases, the course of treatment necessarily includes psychotherapeutic drugs and courses of physiological procedures.

Traditional medicine recipes

If menstruation is short due to physiological reasons, the process can be stabilized by means of traditional medicine. For this, freshly prepared aloe juice, infusions of such medicinal plants as:

St. John's wort;
oregano;
tansy;
shepherd's bag;
verbena.

These funds can not be used during the formation of the menstrual cycle, during breastfeeding, during the extinction of the reproductive function of the female body. Therefore, in order to avoid mistakes, it is better to first consult with a gynecologist.

The normal course of menstruation is ensured by such factors as a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet, physical activity, the rejection of bad habits, and a normal sex life. Be healthy!

It is difficult to imagine a woman of reproductive age without a menstrual cycle. It is an integral part of a woman's life, from adolescence to menopause. With the advent of menstruation, any representative of the fair sex can control women's health by observing the regulations. Failures in the work of periodicity or the absence of menstruation can completely indicate the norm of behavior or be the result of a pathological condition.

How to recognize the problem and contact a specialist for help in time.

It's no secret to anyone the importance of the menstrual cycle for any woman. In the absence of conception, the mucous layer of the uterus is rejected every month, which is characterized. They are systematic and regular.

At a woman's reproductive age, menstruation should be "like a watch" - regular menstruation after a certain period of time without delay.

There are established norms that indicate the correct operation of the reproductive system:

Periodicity of cycles not exceeding 21-35 days;
The duration of bleeding is 3-7 days;
is approximately 50-150 ml per day;
The color of bleeding usually varies from red to brown (at the beginning and end of menstruation). Happen together with secretions come out.
In the first days of menstruation, localized pains in the abdomen may occur, which do not interfere with the normal course of life.

In nature, there are two periods that may have disruptions in the menstrual cycle:

The time of formation of cyclicity - occurs at the first stage in very young girls. for every teenager, this is an indicator of maturity. And in fact, it is still far away. It takes time to fully restore the reproductive system - about 2 years, maybe less. It is during this period that there may be less intense bleeding, or everything will be quite the opposite. The same situation is with the duration - one month the duration reaches a week, the other is shorter.
The second period and, in combination, the time when the childbearing function retires is considered. Naturally, all reproduction functions fade and begin to fail. Against this background, menstruation became not so plentiful and long.
By the way, they forgot to say about the wonderful time - pregnancy. In rare cases, it happens that the girl is still in an interesting position. This is most likely due to late ovulation, but there may be other reasons.

Pathological condition

If a woman does not belong to any of the categories mentioned above, and the situation is such that menstruation has become less plentiful, plus shortened. What is behind this? What to do?

- so called scanty menstruation. In this case, the amount of blood lost does not exceed 50 ml per day. In addition, quite often hypomenorrhea goes along with another problem - oligomenorrhea (short duration of bleeding).

The source most often becomes a violation of the functioning of the ovaries and pituitary gland, the main controllers of the regularity of the menstrual cycle. Or ovarian dysfunction caused by various hormonal imbalances, external factors.

What else can cause scanty menstruation:

Genital surgery: cleaning, removal of polyps, the like;
Various tumor neoplasms on different organs of the girl: fibroma, cervical cancer, tumor of the uterus or ovary, and others.
Endocrine disorders, and, as you know, the thyroid gland plays an important role in the development of the correct menstrual cycle;
Diabetes;
Gynecological diseases:, genital infections;
tuberculosis and other infections.

That is why, if problems arise in the reproductive system, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist. He is the only one who can determine the cause of hypomenorrhea and eliminate it.

External factors

Quite often, to the question: “Why did menstruation become meager?” the answer is to be found in external factors. A woman may not even realize that the banal pursuit of a thin waist unconsciously dealt a blow to the reproductive system.

Beauty, of course, requires sacrifice, but if these methods affect health, is such a sacrifice necessary? After all, you can't buy health.

It is worth considering external sources in more detail:

As already mentioned, active sports can cause menstruation to fail.
Irrational mode of sleep and rest;
Change of climatic conditions;
genetic predisposition. Then it is worth talking about relatives in the female line and their special course of menstruation;
Stress is a fairly common cause of these situations. In principle, it is capable of disrupting many body systems, it all depends on the level of the psycho-emotional state of a woman after a nervous strain;
May also cause medications;
Even some oral contraceptives can affect the course of the menstrual cycle.

Moreover, this is not the whole list related to external influences. Their main difference from pathological problems is the absence of a "problem". In fact, the next month usually everything is back to normal, sometimes it takes a couple of months.

In addition, everything happens without third-party intervention. That is why some ladies do not remember such life situations.

How to react

There are many sources why menstruation became shortened and less plentiful. When such a situation is not associated with natural causes (puberty, pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause) and involves a monthly recurrence of the problem, the only way is to see a doctor.

Do not self-medicate and guess the diagnosis. Perhaps the reason lies in a completely different source. And even the most positive reviews about the methods of treating hypomenorrhea at home can only do harm.

Any deviation from the norm can turn into serious problems.

Do not delay and waste time with this - the health of every woman is in her own hands.

During menstruation, women lose 50 to 150 ml of blood. Such indicators are considered the norm. Violation of the cycle with secretions below the minimum threshold value (50 ml) with a maintained monthly rhythm is the first sign of poor menstruation - hypomenorrhea.

This phenomenon is diagnosed by characteristic symptoms. The causes of occurrence can be due to both pathologies of the female organs and physiological factors. The decision on the need for treatment of meager periods is made on the basis of the examinations.

In addition to a small volume, spotting is characterized by a specific appearance: it is light beige / brown drops or daub.

Clinical manifestations of hypomenorrhea are expressed by the following signs:

reduction in the duration of menstruation;
various forms of cephalgia;
emotional instability;
girdle pain in the lower abdomen and lower back;
indigestion (heartburn, nausea);
decreased libido;
discomfort in the genital area (itching, burning);
subfebrile temperature;
chronic fatigue;
nose bleed;
sweating;
pain in the chest and mammary glands;
irritability, depression.

In some cases, the pathology is asymptomatic. Then the main guideline for women is a slight discharge of an unnatural color.

Causes of poor blood loss during menstruation

This condition is classified into two types:

Primary hypomenorrhea when there were no copious discharges. This phenomenon is associated with congenital anomalies in the development and structure of the genital organs. This type is diagnosed in the case of the appearance of meager discharge from the first menstruation (menarche) during the year.
Secondary hypomenorrhea. This type occurs in women of childbearing age, when the volume of the usual menstruation decreases sharply.

Meager blood loss is considered the norm in girls of puberty at the stage of formation of the menstrual cycle and in women during the premenopausal period.

Specialists in the field of gynecology have studied many sources that provoke the development of hypomenorrhea. Often, scanty periods are caused by pathological factors.

Diseases of the reproductive system

Such ailments are classified according to their origin. The root cause of the violation can be infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, hormone-dependent diseases, as well as neoplasms of various origins. These include:

tuberculosis of the genitourinary system;
chronic endometritis - a pathological process in the internal mucous layers of the reproductive organ;
STDs (sexually transmitted diseases): herpesvirus infections, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia;
uterine fibroids - a benign neoplasm;
genital infantilism - delayed development of the reproductive organs;
trauma to the urinary tract or the result of a surgical intervention;
endometrial hyperplasia - proliferation of tissues of the mucous membrane of the uterus;
metabolic disorder;
malfunctions of the endocrine system;
anemia;
immunodeficiency states;
anorexia nervosa - critical weight loss;
contamination with radioactive or chemical substances;
chronic adnexitis - inflammation of the organs of the reproductive system.

Women using contraceptives and taking hormonal contraceptives should be aware that such measures affect the nature of the cycle and contribute to the appearance of minor discharge.

Hypomenstrual syndrome after abortion, curettage, miscarriage

The causes of scanty periods often lie in mechanical manipulations, so hypomenorrhea is often observed after miscarriages, curettage, or artificial termination of pregnancy.

Upon completion of the abortion intervention as a result of a serious hormonal failure, the menstrual cycle is normalized within a period of three months to six months or more. A scanty discharge may also be observed in the first few weeks after the completion of an operation (for example, medical abortion). Sometimes smear marks are fixed immediately after the artificial termination of pregnancy as a reaction of the uterus to surgery.

Along with curettage, minimally invasive methods for diagnosing the mucous membrane of the genital organ (for example, hysteroscopy) can also cause hypomenorrhea. Indications for curettage are polyposis, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage. The procedure, in which the endometrium is exposed, in some cases is accompanied by a failure of the menstrual cycle and a decrease in the volume of blood released. As a rule, the process normalizes a month after the manipulations.

The formation of adhesions and scarring in the uterine cavity as a result of curettage and multiple abortions is a complication that can lead to scanty menstruation.

Early hypomenorrhea

In some cases, girls during puberty note the presence of a light yellow or cream-colored discharge. Do not worry, because this is a natural physiological process, although it is often accompanied by aching pains in the sacral segment, discomfort in the chest and abdomen. Over time, this state is transformed into an ordered menstrual cycle.

Prolonged hypomenorrhea

Prolonged meager periods in women of reproductive age are a serious reason to see a doctor. Often this condition is associated with dysfunction of the organs of the reproductive system or caused by a failure of the menstrual cycle.

To identify the exact cause of the violation, you need to contact a female doctor and an endocrinologist, because it can be caused by gynecological ailments (endometriosis), beriberi, endocrine diseases or metabolic disorders.

Prolonged hypomenorrhea can cause irreparable damage to women's health up to the development of infertility.

Scanty periods when carrying a child

Sometimes in the early stages of pregnancy, slight spotting is noted. This is due to the implantation of the embryo into the uterine wall and is not considered a pathology. A number of gynecological diseases, as well as developing polyposis, can indirectly provoke the occurrence of hypomenstrual syndrome.

However, if in the first trimester of pregnancy, spotting is accompanied by pain and discomfort, then a woman needs to be alert and immediately consult a specialist, since traces of blood may indicate a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy!

Physiological hypomenorrhea in the postpartum period

After the birth of a child with breastfeeding, periods are either absent or episodic. It's all about prolactin, the hormone responsible for milk production. It is he who inhibits the development of the egg, since all the efforts of the body are aimed at ensuring the proper nutrition of the child.

The timing of the appearance of postpartum menstruation is individual for each woman, but the most typical stages can still be distinguished.

After the introduction of complementary foods to a child at six months, menstruation is expected in 1.5-2 months.
When alternating breastfeeding and artificial feeding, the first menstruation can begin 90 days after the birth of the child. But a six-month delay is not considered an anomaly if the mother's lactation continues.
Often there are no periods throughout the entire stage of breastfeeding up to one year.
The duration and number of menstruation during lactation differ from those during normal times. As a rule, short periods and meager blood loss are observed.

As the mother's hormonal background stabilizes, critical days gradually normalize.

What does scanty brown menstruation indicate?

Insignificant discharge of a brown tint a few days before the onset of critical days indicates the beginning of detachment of the uterine mucosa. Smearing dark marks after the end of menstruation can be caused by residual rejection of the endometrium, which did not separate during the cleansing process. The reasons for such phenomena observed in the middle of the menstrual cycle may lie in the use of contraceptives - both oral and intrauterine.

When a woman of childbearing age has a brown spot instead of a full period, recommended to take a pregnancy test.

If the light beige discharge that previously appeared before the onset of menstruation is accompanied by sharp pains in the lower abdomen, then it is possible development of adenomyosis(germination of the mucous layer in the muscle tissue of the uterus).

After the completion of menstruation, prolonged brownish discharge (more than three days) signal the development of such pathological processes as endometriosis, uterine neoplasms. In this case, an urgent consultation of a specialist is necessary!

Smearing brown spots in the middle of the cycle when not using contraception also signal the occurrence of a number of diseases of the female reproductive system. For example, this may indicate the presence of an ovarian cyst, acute endometriosis, tumors of various origins, cervical ulcers, etc.

Diagnosing scanty periods

Making the correct diagnosis and identifying the etiology of the disease is possible only after laboratory and instrumental studies on an outpatient basis. Diagnostics is carried out according to a certain scheme:

Collection and thorough analysis of the patient's information (study of complaints, symptoms, identification of relationships with other diseases).
Visual gynecological examination.
Cytological analysis of the smear.
Bakposev.
PCR diagnostics (polymerase chain reaction) that detects sexually transmitted infections.
Hormonal studies of blood and urine.
Measurements of basal temperature to assess the regularity of the cycle.
Ultrasound of the genitourinary system.
Biopsy of the endometrium.

In addition, in order to clarify the diagnosis, instrumental techniques are widely used: laparoscopy, computed and magnetic resonance imaging.

Treating scanty periods

The decision on the method and scheme of treatment of hypomenorrhea is made based on the results of the examinations. If disruptions in the menstrual cycle are caused by psycho-emotional stress, deficiency or excess of body weight, excessive physical activity, then the therapeutic effect is to correct the provoking factors. Patients are shown psychotherapy, relaxation procedures, spa treatment in gynecological health resorts.

In cases where non-abundant menstruation appeared as a result of infection, complex treatment and the following medications are prescribed:

antiviral and antibacterial drugs;
anti-inflammatory drugs;
hormonal drugs;
immunosuppressive tablets;
vitamins.

Scanty periods, provoked by the use of contraceptives, are normalized after their cancellation. Hypomenorrhea, the development of which is caused by diseases of the organs of the reproductive system, is eliminated along with the treatment of the underlying pathology. Along with conservative therapeutic methods, surgical intervention is often required.

The remaining cases due to physiological factors (postpartum period, lactation, first menstruation in girls, menopause, condition after diagnostic procedures) do not require special therapy. But consulting a gynecologist will not be superfluous.

And other related nuances. Each non-compliance with the norm may be an accidental failure caused by external circumstances, or a symptom of a serious malfunction in the body. Scanty monthly causes can have different, like any unusual factor. And of course, it is better to find out with the help of an examination by a specialist. But a woman should also be guided by the possible reasons for a change in the intensity of menstrual bleeding and the characteristics of the latter associated with age.

Read in this article

When a small amount of discharge is normal

A normal menstruation that does not require any adjustment should have the following signs:

insignificant or completely absent;
not less than 3 and not more than 7 days;
between monthly 21-35 days;
blood 50-150 ml.

There are several circumstances when scanty menstruation (hypomenorrhea) is one of the normal options and is not worth worrying about:

after the start. The body of a young girl develops gradually. The hormonal background, the female genital area are not immediately formed. During this time, in addition to scanty discharge, there may be too long menstrual cycles or short periods, both signs at once. If this lasts longer than the mentioned period, there is reason to suspect a congenital pathology of the genital organs, that is, underdevelopment;
. After 45 years, the activity of the female reproductive system decreases. The production of hormones responsible for reproductive function is gradually fading away, which is expressed in changes in the nature of menstruation.
A small amount of monthly discharge may be a feature of the body, inherited from the mother, grandmother. In this case, this should not be feared, since almost always a woman has a high probability of having children.
Even in young, full of health, there may be a lack of egg maturation in a given cycle. First, menstruation does not come on time for a long time, then slight discharge is observed. Scanty periods after a delay for this reason may appear once or twice a year. There is no danger to health and reproductive function in this.

The effect of childbirth on the scarcity of menstruation

Not all women have the natural ability to breastfeed a baby for various reasons. But even in the absence of a lightning-fast recovery of hormonal levels, it is incredible that it returns to normal with time. This can manifest itself in heavy periods or scanty and irregular. In the absence of breast milk production, the concentration of prolactin is reduced, which leads to ovulation after 6-8 weeks and the appearance of brown menstrual flow. For some time, the amount and volume of hormones characteristic of critical days are restored. Scanty monthly causes are natural within 4-6 cycles. Their appearance longer than this period may be a sign of any disorders in the body associated with childbirth or not related to this. Of particular concern should be elevated temperature, putrid smell of discharge and noticeable pain.

Hypomenorrhea and gynecological operations

Any operation is a little unnatural, even if it is for the benefit of the patient. Removal, diagnostic curettage can not only negatively affect the hormonal background, but also the quality of the endometrium. Its functional layer may be damaged. If we are talking about, a woman should not be surprised why meager periods come after such an intervention. This is hormonal and emotional stress for the whole organism, not just its reproductive system. But if, along with hypomenorrhea, discharges, uncharacteristic pains come, this can be caused by inflammatory processes due to poor conduction, infection, incomplete removal of the membranes. For these reasons, a woman may notice “dry periods”, that is, a dark or, conversely, light color.

Lean discharge and external factors

The female body, especially that part of it that is responsible for reproduction, is a very sensitive area, influenced by many circumstances. This is due to the important participation of hormones throughout the menstrual cycle. They are produced by several organs that can be affected by:

Heavy . A strong load that is not characteristic of the female body interferes with the production of hormones that cause ovulation, and increases the concentration of others. If he is almost constantly subjected to such tests, even such a phenomenon as menstruation without blood may occur. By a certain date, there are all signs of menstruation: pulling pain in the lower triangle of the abdomen, swelling of the chest, drowsiness or irritability. At the same time, the discharge does not have the color and density characteristic of critical days;
Stress. It can be caused by personal reasons or a sharp change in climate when moving, time zones. Even if a woman does not experience suffering about changes in her life, the body cannot be deceived. The center of the brain responsible for emotions suppresses the work of the ovaries, whether negative life events or happy ones are to blame. They reduce the production of estrogen, which causes a decrease in the intensity of monthly discharge;
. If it is not present in the literal sense of the word, but there is a sudden and shocking change in the diet for the body, this is reflected in the abundance of menstruation. An exhausted organism saves strength, which affects reproduction. As a result, menstruation became less abundant.

Additional signs of scanty periods

Critical days with discharges may no longer be accompanied by anything special. A woman does not feel severe pain and noticeable malaise, that is, everything happens, as with normal menstruation. But sometimes the accompanying monthly phenomena are more pronounced:

Sharp, grasping pain in the abdomen, radiating to the back and;
Disorders of the digestive system in the form of diarrhea, vomiting;
comparable to that of a migraine.

In such cases, scanty periods are caused by causes, most likely, of a pathological nature.

Hypomenorrhea in various diseases

Quite often, scanty periods are a symptom of a more serious disease than a simple cycle failure. These may be disorders in the reproductive sphere or ailments associated with other organs.

Malfunctions of the ovaries

The ovaries and pituitary gland are one of the main organs that regulate the menstrual cycle. Therefore, the most frequent and serious causes of violations in this area are dysfunctions. They can be caused by many factors:

Diseases of the reproductive organs. These are oophoritis, venereal infections. They, in turn, arise due to neglect of hygiene, hypothermia, frequent and improper douching, carelessness in intimate relationships;
Nervous strain, physical and psychological fatigue caused by chronic non-compliance with the normal mode of work and rest;
abortion and. If this happened in the first pregnancy, you should not be surprised why the periods became meager. The sharp hormonal changes caused by these events can have such a negative impact on health that a woman will have to be treated for infertility for a long time;
Improper development of female organs;
Long-term use of tablets or incorrectly selected funds;
endocrine disorders.

With various kinds of dysfunctions, there are no conditions for. Therefore, menstruation cannot be complete. The volume of allocations is usually minimal.

Diseases of the uterus and its parts

As you know, the lion's share of menstrual flow is the cells lining the uterus from the inside of the endometrium. Therefore, their poverty can be directly related to:

. A woman notices that menstruation is smeared, but does not go on time. If with this sign she feels swelling of the mammary glands, nausea, perhaps the fetal egg is not where it should be;
The consequences of operations on the uterus (partial removal, delivery by caesarean section). We are talking about a process that inevitably leads to a decrease in the size of the endometrium, which means it reduces the intensity of secretions;
cervix. The disease pretends to be spotting, which can appear outside of menstruation, as well as pain during vaginal contact;
Inferiority of the endometrium. The causes can be tumor diseases, their treatment with severe and chemotherapy, cell atrophy due to hormonal contraception. One of the symptoms of the chronic form is very meager periods, which are complemented by fever, constant putrefactive discharge. The first of these signs is also characteristic of, in which critical days begin with long-lasting spotting. They are also very painful.

Tuberculosis of the female organs

This is a fairly rare and also infrequently identified reason why a woman has weak periods. Everyone roughly imagines what Koch's wand is in the lungs. But ignorant people do not know that it can settle and develop in the reproductive organs. It is quite difficult to identify the disease in an adult woman, since its symptoms are not expressed. If it has been haunting since adolescence, girls may have underdevelopment of the mammary glands, there are anomalies in the structure of the uterus, obstruction of the fallopian tubes. But in young and not so young, tuberculosis of the genital organs gives persistent infertility, as it is accompanied by a complete absence of menstruation or scanty discharge. The disease can also occur after childbirth, manifest violently, with high fever, severe course. Another variant of tuberculosis with intermittent exacerbations and remissions, the signs of which are similar to inflammation of the uterine appendages. A woman and her gynecologist may not suspect the true cause of the ailment, fluorographic or does not show anything.

Hormone disorders

It is hormones that are direct participants in everything that happens during the cycle. Deficiency of some and excess of others can cause menstruation to be more scanty in volume. This is inevitable when:

Diseases of the thyroid gland. The body produces hormones, and if this is interfered with, it is not only the endocrine system that suffers;
. With its course, reproductive function fades faster than in women with a normal amount of glucose in the blood. In this case, the cervix begins to produce more discharge than usual. The woman notes that there is little blood in her periods, and they have acquired a lighter color than before.

Treating scanty periods

Actually, it is not the scarcity of menstruation that requires treatment, since this is a symptom, not a cause. It is necessary to deal with diseases that cause hypomenorrhea. Everything that a woman can do on her own is contained in a few rules:

A healthy lifestyle without constant stress, starvation diets, crazy physical activity, bad habits like alcohol and tobacco;
Compliance;
Clothes according to the weather, fresh air;
Normal sex life, if we are talking about an adult woman;
A timely visit to the gynecologist and a detailed story about when changes in the intensity of menstrual flow were noticed, which could provoke them.

If a woman has meager periods, treatment should be preceded by high-quality diagnostics. In addition to the survey and gynecological examination, the following laboratory and hardware methods are used:

Analysis for cytology. This is a study of cells produced by the cervix. Detects the state of the epithelium, the presence of inflammation, infections, cancer;
Culture for bacteria. In the mucus of the urogenital tract, pathogens of sexually transmitted infections are detected;
Hormone analysis. This is a blood test that reveals the concentration of each of them;
Ultrasound of the ovaries and uterus. From it they learn about the existing inflammation of the organs, changes in the endometrium, the presence of pregnancy (including ectopic), malignant tumors,;
PCR to detect probable sexual infections, even sluggish ones. A swab is taken for analysis.

Therapy will be special in each case. A gynecologist may prescribe hormonal drugs, antibiotics, vitamins, possibly physiotherapy, or even talks with a psychologist. An independent choice of means at random can aggravate the existing situation, lead to persistent infertility. This becomes the cause of many hormonal, neurological, endocrinological problems associated with this rapid fatigue, rapid aging.

Folk methods for restoring the intensity of menstruation

Menstruation is less than usual, if they are not caused by a disease, with the permission of a doctor, you can stimulate folk remedies:

A decoction of carrots, 2 tbsp. 5 times a day;
Freshly squeezed aloe juice, 3 tbsp. 3 times a day;
Infusions of verbena, oregano, shepherd's purse,. They will help restore the normal course of menstruation. It is useful to include in the diet unloved by many, but with almost miraculous properties, onions and garlic.

These natural medicines should not be used in adolescence, pre-menopausal age, as well as during breastfeeding.

Scanty monthly causes are different. But the common among them is that women are not always attentive to their health, do not monitor all the parameters of menstruation, although this does not require titanic efforts and a lot of time. And noticing something was wrong, they do not rush to the doctor, hoping for good luck. Meanwhile, the rapid discovery of the causes of scanty menstruation will shorten the treatment period many times and make its success more likely. Then nothing will prevent a woman from becoming a mother when she wants to.

Before using any drugs, it is necessary to consult a specialist doctor, there are contraindications.

40 years is a frightening figure for a woman. Firstly, many are afraid that menopause will come soon. Secondly, for some it is psychologically difficult to cross the forty-year milestone. Physiologically, changes are also taking place in a woman's body. First of all, this is due to the fact that menstruation is not as plentiful as before. The fair sex perceives meager periods as signs of aging of their body.

But don't be so dramatic. After all, everything is not so sad. But you need to understand the problems with the menstrual cycle in any case.

Menopause and pathology

In our article we will understand why women have (reasons).

After 40 years, the discharge may not be particularly plentiful. There are several reasons for their appearance. However, the most common are menopause and pathology.

You should know that the climacteric condition comes to women usually at the age of fifty. But everyone's body is different. Therefore, it is possible that some women will come earlier. The condition of menopause is due to the fact that the body produces less female hormones. Also, by this age period, cell renewal slows down. This state is a natural process for ladies. But some people experience this period very strongly. Since it is associated with emotional outbursts, a woman's mood changes.

She may also feel depressed, useless. During menopause, women are advised to consult a gynecologist to assess their physiological and psychological health. Also, the specialist will give the necessary recommendations on taking medications that will help restore the cycle.

After 40 years, the scarcity of menstruation is due to the fact that ovarian function decreases. The climax comes slowly. First comes menopause. This period can last from 2 to 8 years. The time of maturation of the follicle also changes. Therefore, menstruation does not come on time, the cycle is broken.

In addition to scanty discharge during menstruation, abundant discharge may also occur. But as a rule, the volume of menstruation becomes less and less and turns into a daub. Such discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen. The basal body temperature also rises. Added to this is the frequent urge to urinate. The period of menstruation is stretched, instead of 3-4 days, it lasts 6-7 days. You should know that such symptoms are associated not only with menopause, but may also be the cause of the inflammatory process.

Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor for diagnosis. may undergo inflammatory processes of the small pelvis or the appearance of any formations.

Hormonal disruptions

If menstruation does not come at all, then this indicates that hormonal changes are observed. In this case, when contacting a doctor, he appoints the patient to take a blood test. She also prescribes the use of hormonal drugs, which should stabilize the female function of the body.

For a woman, an important factor is the passage of an annual examination by a gynecologist. Since the state of health of the genital organs directly affects the mood of the girl and her emotional mood. An annual examination will allow you to diagnose the disease at an early stage and prescribe an effective treatment for a woman.

endometriosis

There is such a disease as endometriosis. The essence of this disease is that the glandular tissue of the uterus grows outside of it. With the onset of menstruation, these areas of mucus are separated along with the blood. Therefore, the discharge becomes plentiful. However, they are accompanied by severe pain. Abortion is usually the cause of endometriosis. Another characteristic of this disease is that menstruation comes irregularly.

Reproductive function and scanty periods

The reproductive period of a woman depends on the structure of her reproductive system. Each has its own set number of eggs that it can produce during its lifetime. This number is laid even before her birth. Then they mature throughout life. During each menstruation, one or two cells may mature.

There are cases when three can ripen. But this is already an exception. You should know that the number of eggs produced is influenced by external factors. For example, ecology, radiation, past diseases, and so on. Due to the negative influence of the environment or past illnesses, the number of cells can be reduced. Then the women will decrease. Therefore, by the age of 40, the number of cells is already significantly reduced, and it becomes more difficult for a woman to become pregnant, reproductive function is reduced. Also at this age, hormonal levels change.

Why does it happen that women have scanty periods? Causes

After 40 years, a woman's cycle may be disturbed. There may be several reasons for this behavior. See your doctor for an accurate diagnosis. Now we will also deal with the issue of problems with the cycle.

Why do meager periods appear? Causes:

After the age of 40, women are often diagnosed with endometriosis. This disease is characterized by irregular discharge. A delay in menstruation after 40 may be associated with this disease. The causes of this disease were discussed above.
Oncological diseases of the uterus.
The most common cause of scanty periods is menopause.
As women age, they become more emotional. Therefore, various disorders and stresses can also affect the failure of the cycle and cause poor discharge during menstruation.
Chronic diseases of a severe nature. For example, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis of the liver, urinary disease, surgery, various infections. All of the above affects the frequency and abundance of discharge during menstruation.
Various inflammations of the ovaries and appendages are the reason why meager periods are observed.
Also, diseases such as influenza, colds, affect menstruation. Especially if they were in severe form.
Disruptions in the endocrine system.
Bad nutrition. If a woman's body does not receive enough fats, proteins and vitamins, then this situation directly affects the work of her reproductive system. With insufficient nutrition, menstruation will be poor and reproductive function will be reduced.
Taking medications can affect the female cycle.

Ectopic pregnancy

Why meager periods after 40? The cause of such problems may be an ectopic pregnancy. This is very dangerous for health. Since if timely medical care is not provided, it can lead to serious consequences.

An important point is that with an ectopic pregnancy, there are scanty periods. A pregnancy test may be negative, or the second strip will be very weak, barely noticeable. In any case, if there is a suspicion of such a condition, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Whatever the reason for the fact that weak periods, in any case, it is necessary to determine it. 40 years is not such a big age for a person. Especially in modern society, women in such a period are in their prime. This age is considered reproductive. Recently, there has been a tendency that in the first half of life, women receive education, undergo internships, and make a career.

And they put off starting a family and giving birth to children until a later date. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor your health and treat it carefully and with attention. After the age of 40, scanty dark periods can cause menopause, and can be the cause of any disease or pregnancy. In any case, do not delay the diagnosis. It is necessary to contact a gynecologist as soon as possible. This is necessary so that he conducts the necessary examination and prescribes treatment.

At the gynecologist's appointment

When contacting a doctor, you should be prepared for the fact that he will ask you to say what dates the last menstruation was. Therefore, it is worth having a special calendar where it is necessary to mark the cycle of menstruation after 40 years. Also, the doctor will ask you to describe the general condition of the body, talk about the symptoms, perhaps there are any pain sensations. Before you go to the doctor, it is recommended to observe yourself. Maybe there are mood swings, dizziness, insomnia, pain in the head or abdomen, and so on.

After questioning the patient, the doctor will conduct an examination on the chair, take the necessary tests and issue a referral for blood donation. Further, based on the results of the tests and the results of the examination, treatment will be prescribed using special preparations and recommendations. By adhering to the doctor's prescriptions, a woman will be able to get her body working in a timeframe that depends on the causes of meager periods. From the foregoing, it follows that you do not need to start your ailments, but you should contact a specialist who, through modern methods of treatment, will help.

Conclusion

Now you know why women appear After 40 years, life goes on. Therefore, if you have experienced any age-related changes, then you should not be upset. After all, we only have one life. But if there are problems in the field of gynecology, then do not postpone for later, but immediately begin examination and treatment.