Local suppuration. What are purulent inflammations of different types and why do they develop

You can get hurt at any age. As children, we often fall and. As adults, we are also not able to avoid various injuries on our own body. The wound can even be internal - after surgery, for example. But we are all accustomed to the fact that the wounds heal themselves and soon pass. But what happens if the healing process fails?

What is it - suppuration?

The combination of the three components gives suppuration. What it is? Suppuration is the formation of pus that accumulates in soft tissues. What are the three ingredients that lead to this? Open wound, contamination and infection. The penetration of various infections through an open wound leads to the development of erysipelas, abscesses, phlegmon, lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, purulent thrombophlebitis, and sometimes a general infection of a purulent nature.

Suppuration is a secondary disease. Primary formation develops as an accumulation of blood clots in the wound bed. Inflammation in this case is a natural process, which after 5 days should pass and begin to heal. Bacteria in this case penetrate passively and their activity is negligible. The body copes with the infection, destroys it, after which the wound heals. However, a massive ingestion of microorganisms proceeds to the second stage - inflammation. This usually happens within 2 days.

According to the forms of suppuration, they are divided into:

Acute - the manifestation of all the main symptoms;
Chronic.

According to the pathogen, they are divided into types:

Bacterial (infectious);
Viral;
Purulent.

Phases of the wound process

It all starts with the hydration phase of the wound process. It consists in increased blood flow, exudate formation, inflammatory edema, leukocyte infiltration, and also circular stagnation. Oxidation of the wound occurs in order to further prepare it for healing. The wound is cleaned and freed from dead tissues and cells, bacteria and their waste products, toxins. The healing process is accelerated by the formation of lactic acid in the wound.
The dehydration phase of the wound process is characterized by a decrease in inflammation, a decrease in edema, outflow of blood, and elimination of exudate.
The regeneration phase consists in the formation of granulation tissue and its maturation to form a scar. At this stage, the bacteria are pushed out. If this tissue is destroyed, then the bacteria have the opportunity to penetrate the wound, which leads to suppuration.

Thus, we single out the stages of a purulently infected wound process:

Infection and inflammation;
Granulation and recovery;
Maturation;
Epithelization.

The abundant desire of the body to get rid of the infection, which has penetrated in large quantities, leads to the accumulation of dead leukocytes in the wound - this is pus. Suppuration is a side effect of the body's fight against bacteria. The body continues to get rid of pus, which leads to an additional inflammatory process.

According to the formations that occur at the site of the wound, they are divided into types:

Pustular - the formation of pustules that are visible through the skin, their breakthrough and exudate removal to the outside.
Abscess - the formation of an abscess deep under the skin. It can provoke the formation of gangrene, which will lead to the amputation of a part of the body.

Causes

The causes of wound suppuration are infections that penetrate the tissue. How do they get in there? Either through an open wound, for example, a person got hurt - an open wound formed, or during an operation, in full swing. However, there are cases of infection penetration when a blood clot has already formed that closes the wound, but the person (or doctors) does not perform any antiseptic and aseptic procedures. The absence of any wound treatment leads to its suppuration when it comes to deep or massive penetration.

In rare cases, suppuration occurs without the penetration of any infection. This is a reaction of the body, which reacts negatively to those drugs and dressings that are applied to the wound.

The risk group includes people who have reduced immunity. Often this can be traced in the presence of infectious diseases or in venereal patients.

Symptoms and signs of suppuration of the wound

Symptoms of wound suppuration are manifested in the fact that an inflammatory process occurs, which is characterized by the following signs:

Vascular expansion of arterioles, capillaries.
exudative formation.
Cellular changes in the properties of phagocytes, leukocytes.
Metabolic and lymphogenous reaction: tissue necrosis, acidosis, hypoxia.

With abscess suppuration, characteristic symptoms are observed:

Pain, which is one of the main symptoms of abscess suppuration. It does not go away for several days;
Ripple;
feeling of fullness;
An increase in local and then general temperature, usually in the evening;
Non-passing inflammation around the wound, redness and swelling persist;
You can observe pus inside the wound, blood and tissues of a dirty gray color;
There is a risk of spreading the infection.

Suppuration in children

Suppuration in children often occurs due to the neglect of parents to wounds that occur in a child literally every day. If the wound is not treated, then it can fester. Here, the concomitant factors are the small forces of the immune system, which is not yet developed in babies.

Suppuration in adults

In adults, suppuration often occurs due to an unwillingness to treat wounds, they say, it will heal itself. If it's a small wound, then she might be able to heal herself. However, with deep wounds, it is still necessary to carry out initial treatment and dressing of the wound in order to prevent infections from penetrating inside.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of suppuration occurs by a general examination, in which all the main signs are visible. Additionally, procedures are performed to assess the condition of the wound:

The most important procedure for assessing the condition of a wound is a blood test.
Analysis of excreted pus.
Wound tissue analysis.

Treatment

Treatment of purulent inflammation of the wound depends on the area of damage and severity. Minor wounds can be self-healed at home. How are they treated?

Washing the wound with warm water and soap.
Special healing ointments.
Antibiotics and antiseptics.
Making dressings that prevent infection from entering the wound.
Using compresses to draw pus out of the wound.
Do not pluck the scab unless it separates easily from the skin on its own.

When the wound has just appeared, emergency care should be provided. This can be done at home if the wound is not deep. How can you help yourself?

Rinse the wound with warm water, hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate.
To stop the bleeding, you need to cover the wound with gauze soaked in warm water and tie it tightly.
It is better to lubricate the wound with boric acid or alcohol, rivanol ointment.
For non-falling swelling, use zinc ointment.
From gangrene will help black or rye bread, salted and converted into gruel. Apply the mixture on the wound in a thick layer.
To prevent bleeding and infection in a fresh wound, it is better to pinch the wound with your finger for a few minutes, and then apply a thick layer of gauze soaked in cold water on it.
For rapid blood clotting, a hot stone or iron is applied to the wound.
For deep cuts and heavy bleeding on the arms or legs, you need to create an unnatural position to reduce blood flow. Raise your arms or legs up.
You can clean and heal the wound with aloe juice. Accumulated blood on the wound can be removed with sauerkraut.

What medicines should be kept in the first aid kit?

Iodine is considered the most important medicine that should be in the first aid kit of any person;
Petrolatum;
Turpentine water;
Zelenka;
Glycerol;
Powder or ointment of streptocide, which is applied to a fresh wound until suppuration;
Lanolin ointment.

Hospitalization is made when a person cannot cope with the spread of suppuration on his own. The infection has spread to nearby tissues, redness spreads, the wound does not heal - these are the main signs that you need to call an ambulance. While she arrives, you need to apply gauze soaked in warm water to the affected area.

In the surgical department, the wound is opened and the pus is removed. The affected area is treated with antiseptics. If there is an infection, antibiotics and vitamins are given. By the way, it is good to use vegetables and fruits in the patient's menu, which support and strengthen the immune system.

life forecast

How long do they live with suppuration? The prognosis of life can be comforting, especially if you move on to the elimination of purulent formation in time. However, an advanced form of the disease can lead to spread, blood poisoning, and even death. This happens in just a matter of months.

SESSION PLAN #19

date according to the calendar-thematic plan

Groups: Medicine

Number of hours: 2

Topic of the lesson:

Lesson type: lesson learning new educational material

Type of training session: lecture

The goals of training, development and education: To form knowledge about the types of wounds, the clinical course of the wound process, the rules for providing primary care for injuries, the principles of wound treatment, depending on the phase of the wound process.

Formation: knowledge on:

1. Wounds. Classification of wounds.

Development: independent thinking, imagination, memory, attention,students' speech (enrichment of vocabulary words and professional terms)

Upbringing: feelings and personality traits (ideological, moral, aesthetic, labor).

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

As a result of mastering the educational material, students should know: Types of wounds, general and local signs of wound suppuration, rules for providing PMP for wounds, principles of treatment depending on the phase of the wound process;indications for emergency prophylaxis of tetanus and rabies.

Logistics support of the training session: dressing material, a set of tools for PHO, removal of sutures,presentation, situational tasks, tests

STUDY PROCESS

1. Organizational and educational moment: checking attendance for classes, appearance, protective equipment, clothing, familiarization with the lesson plan - 5 minutes .

2. Familiarization with the topic, questions (see the text of the lecture below), setting educational goals and objectives - 5 minutes:

4. Presentation of new material (conversation) - 50 minutes

5. Fixing the material - 8 minutes:

6. Reflection: control questions on the material presented, difficulties in understanding it - 10 minutes .

2. Survey of students on the previous topic - 10 minutes .

7. Homework - 2 minutes . Total: 90 minutes.

Homework: pp. 93-99 pp. 198-217

Literature:

1. Kolb L.I., Leonovich S.I., Yaromich I.V. General surgery. - Minsk: Vysh.shk., 2008.

2. Gritsuk I.R. Surgery. - Minsk: New Knowledge LLC, 2004

3. Dmitrieva Z.V., Koshelev A.A., Teplova A.I. Surgery with the basics of resuscitation. - St. Petersburg: Parity, 2002

4. L.I.Kolb, S.I.Leonovich, E.L.Kolb Nursing in Surgery, Minsk, Higher School, 2007

5. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus No. 109 "Hygienic requirements for the arrangement, equipment and maintenance of healthcare organizations and for the implementation of sanitary-hygienic and anti-epidemic measures to prevent infectious diseases in healthcare organizations.

6. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus No. 165 "On disinfection, sterilization by healthcare institutions

Teacher: L.G. Lagodich

TEXT OF THE LECTURE

Subject:Open mechanical damage (wounds)

Questions:

1. Wounds. Classification of wounds.

2. Phases of the wound process, clinical manifestations.

3. General and local signs of suppuration of wounds. Types of wound healing.

4. PMP for wounds. Principles of wound treatment depending on the phase of the wound process. Prevention of anaerobic infection.

5. Features of the treatment of stab and bitten wounds. Emergency tetanus prophylaxis, rabies prophylaxis.

1. Wounds. Classification of wounds.

Wound (vulnus) - mechanical damage to tissues or organs, accompanied by a violation of the integrity of their integuments or mucous membranes.

It is the violation of the integrity of the integumentary tissues (skin, mucosa) that distinguishes wounds from other types of damage (bruise, rupture, sprain). For example, a rupture of lung tissue that occurs with a blunt chest injury is considered a rupture, and in case of damage when struck with a knife, it is considered a lung wound, because there is a violation of the integrity of the skin.

It is necessary to distinguish between the concept of "wound" and "wound". In essence, a wound is the end result of tissue damage. The concept of injury (vulneratio) is understood to mean the process of damage itself, the entire complex and multifaceted set of pathological changes that inevitably occur during the interaction of tissues and a wounding projectile both in the area of damage and throughout the body. However, in everyday practice, the terms wound and injury often substitute for each other and are often used as synonyms.

The main signs of a wound

The main classical signs of wounds are:

Pain;

Bleeding;

Hiatus;

Violation of tissue integrity;

Violation of functions.

The severity of each symptom is determined by the nature of the injury, the volume of damaged tissues, the characteristics of the innervation and blood supply of the wound canal zone, the possibility of injuring vital organs

Elements of any wound are:

Wound cavity (wound channel);

Walls;

The bottom of the wound.

The wound cavity (cavum vulnerale) is a space bounded by the walls and bottom of the wound. If the depth of the wound cavity significantly exceeds its transverse dimensions, then it is called the wound channel (canalis vulneralis).

Wounds are classified on various grounds.

1. By the nature of tissue damage:

stab wounds applied with a stabbing weapon (bayonet, needle, etc.). Their anatomical feature is a significant depth with little damage to the integument. With these wounds, there is always a danger of damage to vital structures located deep in tissues, in cavities (vessels, nerves, hollow and parenchymal organs). Appearance and discharge from puncture wounds Does not always provide sufficient evidence for a diagnosis. So, with a stab wound of the abdomen, it is possible to injure the intestine or liver, but the discharge of intestinal contents or blood from the wound usually cannot be detected. With a stab wound, in an area with a large array of muscles, a large artery may be damaged, but external bleeding may also be absent due to muscle contraction and displacement of the wound channel. An interstitial hematoma is formed, followed by the development of a false aneurysm.

Puncture wounds are dangerous because, due to the small number of symptoms, damage to deep-lying tissues and organs can be seen, therefore, a particularly thorough examination of a diseased wound is also necessary because microorganisms are introduced into the depths of the tissues with a wounding weapon, and wound discharge, finding no way out, serves as a good nutrient medium for them, which creates especially favorable conditions for the development of purulent complications.

cut wounds applied with a sharp object. They are characterized by a small number of destroyed cells; surrounding Pishi are not damaged. The gaping of the wound allows you to examine the damaged tissues and creates good conditions for the outflow of the discharge. With an incised wound, there are the most favorable conditions for healing, therefore, when treating any fresh wounds, they tend to turn them into incised wounds.

Chopped wounds applied with a heavy sharp object (checker, ax, etc.). Such wounds are characterized by deep tissue damage, wide gaping, bruising and concussion of surrounding tissues, which reduces their resistance and regenerative abilities.

Bruised and lacerated wounds (crushed) are the result of the impact of a blunt object. They are characterized by a large number of mashed, bruised, blood-soaked tissues with a violation of their viability. Bruised blood vessels are often rhombic. In bruised wounds, favorable conditions are created for the development of infection.

scalped woundswounds tangent to the surface of the body, caused by a sharp cutting object. If at the same time the flap remains on the leg, then such a wound is calledpatchwork.

Bite wounds are characterized not so much by extensive and deep damage as by severe infection with the virulent flora of the mouth of a person or animal. The course of these wounds more often than others is complicated by the development of an acute infection. Bite wounds can be infected with the rabies virus.

poisoned wounds - these are wounds into which poison enters (when bitten by a snake, scorpion, penetration of toxic substances), etc.

gunshot wounds - special among the wounds. They differ from all others in the nature of the injuring weapon (bullet, fragment); the complexity of the anatomical characteristics; a feature of tissue damage with zones of complete destruction, necrosis and molecular shaking; high degree of infection; a variety of characteristics (through, blind, tangent, etc.).

I distinguish the following elements of a gunshot wound:

-input(less) and weekend(more) holes;

- wound channel area - the zone of direct impact of the traumatic projectile; In the zone of the wound channel, there are:

- injury zone- zone of primary traumatic necrosis;

- molecular jar zone- zone of secondary necrosis;

A special approach in the treatment of such wounds, moreover, is very different in peacetime and in wartime, at the stages of medical evacuation.

2. Due to damage to the wound divided into:

Operational (intentional);

Random.

3. By infection allocate wounds aseptic, freshly infected and purulent.

Purulent wound (burn) with areas of necrosis

4. In relation to body cavities (cavities of the skull, chest, abdomen, joints, etc.) are distinguished:

- penetrating wounds- penetrate into cavities with damage to the membranes of these cavities (meninges in the skull, pleura - in the chest, peritoneum - in the abdomen, synovial membrane and bag of joints). They represent a great danger due to the possibility of damage or involvement in the inflammatory process of the membranes, cavities and organs located in them.

- non-penetrating, respectively.

5. Distinguish between simple and complicated wounds in which there is any additional tissue damage (poisoning, burns) or a combination of soft tissue injuries with damage to bones, hollow organs, etc.

2. Phases of the wound process, clinical manifestations.

The course of the wound process

The development of changes in the wound is determined by the processes occurring in it and the general reaction of the body. In any wound there are dying tissues, hemorrhages and lymphorrhages. In addition, one or another amount of microbes gets into wounds, even clean ones, operating ones.

During wound healing, dead cells, blood, and lymph are resorbed, and as a result of the inflammatory reaction, the process of wound cleansing is carried out. The walls of the wound close to each other are glued together (primary gluing). Along with these processes, connective tissue cells multiply in the wound, which undergo a series of transformations and turn into fibrous connective tissue - a scar. On both sides of the wound, there are counter processes of new formation of vessels that grow into a fibrin clot that glues the walls of the wound. Simultaneously with the formation of the scar and blood vessels, the epithelium multiplies, the cells of which grow on both sides of the wound and gradually cover the scar with a thin layer of the epidermis; in the future, the entire layer of the epithelium is completely restored.

Of great importance is the division of the course of the wound process into three phases, determined on the basis of the study of morphological, biochemical changes, the type of exudate, the state of the wound and the severity of the clinical picture.

Morphologically distinguish:

First phase (hydration phase) - occurs immediately after injury and lasts for several days (3-4). During this time, inflammation develops with all its classic signs, see above.

Second phase (dehydration phase) - phase corresponds to the period of extinction of inflammation and cleansing of the wound, lasts 2-3 weeks

Third phase (regeneration phase) - characterized by the predominance of restorative, regenerative processes.

The regeneration phase, in turn, consists of:

GRANULATION STAGE, - in the cleaned wound, granulation tissue begins to grow violently (photo on the left), filling the entire wound cavity.

STAGE OF EPITHELIZATION, - the growth of the epithelium goes along the periphery of the wound, gradually narrowing it, reducing its area (the same photo on the left). Epithelialization of the granulating wound begins from the first days. The epithelium, multiplying, grows on granulation tissue. If she is young, with well-developed vessels, then epithelialization is strong. If the granulations are covered with necrotic cells or coarse fibrous tissue has already formed, then the epithelium, growing, dies and epithelialization is delayed, long-term non-healing wounds, ulcerating scars are formed.

Granulation tissue is a barrier that separates the internal environment of the body from external influences. Wound discharge, covering the granulations, has pronounced bactericidal properties. Granulation tissue consists of very easily vulnerable cells and vessels, so even a slight mechanical or chemical injury (rubbing with gauze, bandaging with hypertonic solution, etc.) damages it. Such a violation of the integrity of the granulation tissue opens the entrance gate for microbes.

3. General and local signs of suppuration of wounds. Types of wound healing.

Signs of festering wounds correspond to the classical signs of inflammation, as a biological reaction of the body to a foreign agent:

Dolor (pain);

Calor (temperature);

Tumor (swelling, edema);

Rubor (redness);

Functio lesae (impaired function);

Thus:

Types of wound healing:

Healing by primary tension- fusion of the edges of the wound without visible cicatricial changes;

Healing secondary tension- healing through suppuration;

- healing under the scab - under the formed crust, which should not be removed prematurely, additionally injuring the wound.

Distinguish three main stage wound healing:

Resorption of dead cells, tissues and hemorrhages;

The development of granulations that fill the tissue defect formed as a result of their death;

Scar formation from granulation tissue.

4. PMP for wounds. Principles of wound treatment depending on the phase of the wound process. Prevention of anaerobic infection.

Principles of wound care are built taking into account the biological processes occurring in the wound. Therapeutic measures should improve regeneration processes and create unfavorable conditions for the development of microorganisms in the wound. The complex of therapeutic measures includes agents that act locally on the wound, and general agents that act on the entire body. Both those and others should contribute to the improvement of the conditions of the natural course of the wound process. They should be different for fresh and purulent wounds, in different phases of the course of the wound process, as well as with different severity of the process.

The general goals of wound care are:

1) the ability to foresee and prevent the dangers of a wound;

2) decrease in the number and virulence of the infection;

3) removal of dead tissues;

4) strengthening of regeneration processes.

Any wound is characterized by the presence of infection, and after 2-3 days - the presence of pus, tissue necrosis, the development of microbes, tissue edema, absorption of toxins.

Treatment objectives: removal of pus and necrotic tissues; reduction of edema and exudation; fight against microorganisms.

Clinical phases of the course of the wound process:

Inflammation;

Regeneration:

Epithelization.

All therapeutic measures are carried out in strict accordance with the stages of the wound process. Each stage has its own treatment objectives, as well as ways to achieve them.

Primary surgical treatment of wounds (PSW):The video is played upon admission of the patient,usually under local anesthesia.

Stages of PHO:

1. Inspection of the wound, toilet of the skin edges, their treatment with an aetiseptic (tincture of iodine 5%, avoid getting into the wound);

2. Revision of the wound, excision of all non-viable tissues, removal of foreign bodies, small bone fragments, dissection of the wound, if necessary, to eliminate pockets;

3. About final stop of bleeding;

3. Drainage of the wound, according to indications;

4. Primary suture of the wound (according to indications);

INFLAMMATION

The stage is characterized by the presence of all signs of a purulent wound process. In a purulent wound there are remnants of non-viable and dead tissue, foreign objects, pollution, accumulation of pus in cavities and folds. Viable tissues are edematous. There is an active absorption of all this and microbial toxins from the wound, which causes the phenomena of general intoxication: fever, weakness, headache, lack of appetite, etc. Treatment of purulent wounds

Stage Treatment Tasks : wound drainage to remove pus, necrotic tissue and toxins; fight infection. Wound drainage can be active (using aspiration devices) and passive (drainage tubes, rubber strips, gauze wipes and turundas moistened with water-salt solutions of antiseptics. Therapeutic (drugs) for treatment:

Hypertonic solutions:

The most commonly used by surgeons is a 10% sodium chloride solution (the so-called hypertonic solution). In addition to it, there are other hypertonic solutions: 3-5% solution of boric acid, 20% sugar solution, 30% urea solution, etc. Hypertonic solutions are designed to ensure the outflow of wound discharge. However, it has been established that their osmotic activity lasts no more than 4-8 hours, after which they are diluted with wound secretion, and the outflow stops. Therefore, in recent years, surgeons refuse hypertonic saline.

Ointments:

In surgery, various ointments are used on a fatty and vaseline-lanolin basis; Vishnevsky ointment, synthomycin emulsion, ointments with a / b - tetracycline, neomycin, etc. But such ointments are hydrophobic, that is, they do not absorb moisture. As a result, tampons with these ointments do not provide an outflow of wound secretions, they become only a cork. At the same time, antibiotics contained in ointments are not released from ointment compositions and do not have sufficient antimicrobial activity.

The use of new hydrophilic water-soluble ointments - Levosin, levomikol, mafenide-acetate - is pathogenetically justified. Such ointments contain antibiotics that easily pass from the composition of ointments into the wound. The osmotic activity of these ointments exceeds the effect of hypertonic solution by 10-15 times, and lasts for 20-24 hours, so one dressing per day is enough for an effective effect on the wound.

Enzyme therapy (enzyme therapy):

For the speedy removal of dead tissue, necrolytic preparations are used. Widely used proteolytic enzymes - trypsin, chymopsin, chymotrypsin, terrilitin. These drugs cause lysis of necrotic tissue and accelerate wound healing. However, these enzymes also have disadvantages: in the wound, the enzymes retain their activity for no more than 4-6 hours. Therefore, for effective treatment of purulent wounds, dressings must be changed 4-5 times a day, which is almost impossible. It is possible to eliminate such a lack of enzymes by including them in ointments. So, the ointment "Iruksol" (Yugoslavia) contains the enzyme pentidase and the antiseptic chloramphenicol. The duration of action of enzymes can be increased by immobilizing them in dressings. So, trypsin immobilized on napkins acts within 24-48 hours. Therefore, one dressing per day fully provides a therapeutic effect.

Use of antiseptic solutions.

Solutions of furacillin, hydrogen peroxide, boric acid, etc. are widely used. It has been established that these antiseptics do not have sufficient antibacterial activity against the most common pathogens of surgical infection.

Of the new antiseptics, it should be noted: iodopyrone, a preparation containing iodine, is used to treat the hands of surgeons (0.1%) and treat wounds (0.5-1%); dioxidine 0.1-1%, sodium hypochlorite solution.

Physical methods of treatment.

In the first phase of the wound process, wound quartzing, ultrasonic cavitation of purulent cavities, UHF, hyperbaric oxygenation are used.

Application of the laser.

In the phase of inflammation of the wound process, high-energy, or surgical lasers are used. With a moderately defocused beam of a surgical laser, pus and necrotic tissues are evaporated, thus it is possible to achieve complete sterility of wounds, which in some cases makes it possible to apply a primary suture to the wound.

REGENERATION

The stage is characterized by complete cleansing of the wound and the filling of the wound cavity with granulations (tissue of bright pink color with a granular structure). She first fills the bottom of the wound, and then fills the entire cavity of the wound. At this stage, its growth should be stopped.

Stage tasks: anti-inflammatory treatment, protection of granulations from damage, stimulation of regeneration

These tasks are:

a) ointments: methyluracil, troxevasin - to stimulate regeneration; fat-based ointments - to protect granulations from damage; water-soluble ointments - anti-inflammatory effect and protection of wounds from secondary infection.

b) herbal preparations - aloe juice, sea buckthorn and rosehip oil, Kalanchoe.

c) the use of a laser - in this phase of the wound process, low-energy (therapeutic) lasers are used, which have a stimulating effect.

EPITHELIZATION

The stage begins after filling the bottom of the wound and its cavity with granulation tissue (see figure). Tasks of the stage: to accelerate the process of epithelialization and scarring of wounds. For this purpose, sea buckthorn and rosehip oil, aerosols, troxevasin-jelly, low-energy laser irradiation are used. At this stage, the use of ointments that stimulate the growth of granulations is not recommended. On the contrary, it is recommended to switch back to water-salt antiseptics. It is useful to achieve drying of the dressing to the surface of the wound. In the future, it should not be torn off, but only cut off along the edges, as it detaches due to the epithelialization of the wound. From above, such a bandage is recommended to be moistened with iodonate or other antiseptic. In this way, healing of a small wound under the scab is achieved with a very good cosmetic effect. The scar is not formed.

With extensive defects of the skin, long-term non-healing wounds and ulcers in the 2nd and 3rd phases of the wound process, i.e. after cleansing the wounds from pus and the appearance of granulations, dermoplasty can be performed:

a) faux leather

b) split displaced flap

c) walking stem according to Filatov

d) autodermoplasty with a full thickness flap

e) free autodermoplasty with a thin-layer flap according to Thiersch

At all stages of the treatment of purulent wounds, one should remember the state of immunity and the need to stimulate it in patients of this category.

Factors contributing to wound healing:

General condition of the body;

The state of nutrition of the body;

Age;

Hormonal background;

Development of a wound infection;

Condition of oxygen supply;

Dehydration;

immune status.

Stages of wound dressing:

1. Removing the old bandage;

2. Inspection of the wound and the surrounding area;

3. Toilet skin surrounding the wound;

4. Wound toilet;

5. Manipulations in the wound and preparing it for the application of a new dressing;

6. Applying a new bandage;

7. Bandage fixation (see Desmurgy section)

5. Features of the treatment of stab and bitten wounds. Emergency tetanus prophylaxis, rabies prophylaxis.

Feature of a stab wound is a small inlet and a deep wound channel. What does it mean? This means that the infection, especially anaerobic, immediately falls into optimal conditions for its development. This is a dangerously formidable complication of the wound process - gas gangrene.A feature of the treatment is a wide dissection of the wound and drainage.

Features of a bite wound: a wound with torn raw edges, deep punctures with teeth and infection with a severe infection that is always in the mouth, injury to soft tissues by the jaws. All this provides almost 100% suppuration and various complications of the wound process (tetanus, rabies). ABOUTtreatment features: careful primary surgical treatment of wounds, first washing with warm water and soap, then with antiseptics and high-quality drainage. Wounds are not sutured! Mandatory - addressing the issue of emergency rabies immunoprophylaxis

Prevention of anaerobic infection.

Tetanus is a fatal disease that belongs to the class of anaerobic infections. Therefore, the only way to fight is the prevention of tetanus. It starts from childhood in several steps. AS preparations, DTP, ATP vaccines, etc. Our child is considered to be initially vaccinated. Once every 10 years, revaccination of adults is required for life. But which of the adults does this.

Anaerobic infection is a specific surgical infection caused by Clostridium. The specified type of microbes refers to anaerobes. They are widely distributed in nature, especially in the soil, intestines of animals and humans.They cause a severe complication of the wound process in the form of gas gangrene.Therefore, the most dangerous wounds in relation to gas gangrene are deep wounds contaminated with soil, with massive damage to soft tissues.

Prevention:

1. Early adequate surgical treatment of open injuries, wide drainage of the wound with tubular drains and flow-through lavage (permanent or fractional) with oxygen-giving solutions (oxidizing agents: potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide). Immobilization.

2. The introduction of large doses of antibiotics: thienam (1.5-2.0 g per day), penicillin (3-5 million units 6 times a day), semi-synthetic penicillins (ampicillin, oxacillin, ampioks - up to 6-8 g .); lincomycin (1.8 - 2.0 g.).

3. The introduction of polyvalent anti-gangrenous serum, a prophylactic dose of 30 thousand IU (10 thousand units against Cl. Perfringens, Cl. Novi, Cl. Septicum).

4. Anaerobic bacteriophage 100 ml. diluted with 100 ml. 0.5% novocaine solution, infiltration of tissues around the wound is performed.

Emergency tetanus prophylaxis, rabies prophylaxis.

Tetanus.

Planned immunization

Emergency prophylaxis of tetanus is regulated: regulatory document - see below

Rabies.

Emergency prevention of rabies, its schemes are prescribed depending on:

1. Bite Sites: Bites to the head and fingers are considered severe;

2. The bite is provoked or not. An unprovoked bite is suspicious for rabies;

3. The animal is known or not, healthy, died, disappeared, killed. In case of impossibility of veterinary control over the animal, vaccinations against rabies are prescribed unconditionally;

Purulent inflammation is a fairly relevant topic for discussion, since recently more and more people have begun to turn to doctors with similar problems. The reasons for such a sharp deterioration in the health status of the population can be various factors. We want to talk about them and much more in our article. The collected information is aimed at helping victims of this disease.

What is inflammation

Purulent inflammation is one of the and before we begin to deal with its types, we need to understand what it is. Even the ancient healers determined that this is a protective reaction of the human body to an irritant. Both a virus and a splinter can act as an irritant. There are many terms that characterize this process, but the most basic is phagocytosis, which the famous Mechnikov spoke about, that is, the process of destroying an irritating agent inside the cell.

Causes of purulent inflammation

In medicine, several possible reasons are known when putrefaction begins. Among the most common options are:

the entry of infections and their toxin into the human body;
consequences of exposure to external factors such as burns, radiation, frostbite;
consequences of bruises or other kinds of injuries;
exposure to chemical irritants;
internal processes in the body, like or salt deposits.

What happens at the moment when purulent inflammation of the tissues begins? To understand the essence, let's take the simplest example: hitting a splinter. When it has just entered the skin, it is absolutely impossible to pull it out, but after a while we can easily remove it from the skin along with pus, which has time to collect during this time. What happened, and why did pus collect, how did purulent inflammation begin? A splinter that has entered the skin is perceived by the body as a foreign body and a threat. How does the body react? It increases blood flow to the affected area, blood brings with it many useful elements that work like clockwork, and each of them performs its task:

the platelet sticks together with its own kind and thus forms a protective layer on the wound;
erythrocyte supplies the affected area of the skin or organ with oxygen;
plasma brings nutrients for the speedy healing of the wound;
white bodies (leukocytes) enter into battle with the foreign body directly.

Where does pus come from? The fact is that in the process of struggle, white blood cells die, their role is to wrap around a foreign body, absorb it and destroy it. But, destroying the enemy, the leukocyte itself is destroyed, while acquiring a yellowish color, this is pus. If, in the process of fighting the irritant, some parts of the skin or organ die off, the leukocyte also embraces the dead parts in order to prevent them from developing the process in the body. Thus, leukocytes pave the way for pus to the top. If you have pain when pressing on a purulent inflammation, it means that the nerve endings were affected here, of which there are a huge number in the body. In this case, you need to carefully examine the affected area so as not to get a complication.

Forms of inflammation

Considering where the process began, and how strong or weak the human immunity is, we can distinguish the following forms of purulent inflammation:

Abscess - this is the name of a purulent formation that forms in the tissue, while it is isolated in a separate capsule. The formation of an abscess indicates a good one. A protective crust immediately begins to form around it, preventing the spread of infection. Often this is characterized by purulent inflammation of the tooth.
Phlegmon - characterized by a looser texture of the formation, which most often occurs in the space between the muscles. It is an indicator that a person does not have very good immunity. Most often, the patient is admitted to the hospital to resolve the problem.
Empyema is a collection of pus in organs with a hollow structure. In this case, the boundaries of the abscess is the natural tissue of the organ.

The course of purulent inflammation

This kind of inflammation is of two types: acute and chronic. Acute purulent inflammation spreads quite quickly, and soon we can observe a splash of exudate outward, either onto the surface of the skin, or into the adjacent organ cavity. A large amount of pus can lead to intoxication of the body, and, as a result, to its exhaustion. Chronic purulent inflammation changes the composition of the cell, and lymphocytes and microphages begin to appear in its composition. Also, this form is characterized by the formation of scars and hardening, but all this is possible only with the wrong decision.

Outcome of the disease

Of course, the outcome of the disease, like any other disease, depends on the correctness of the treatment and the nature of the wound. What should be feared first of all?

Scarring. Few people are decorated with scars after an unsuccessful fight against inflammation.
Bleeding. If the disease has reached the lymph nodes, then there may be just such an outcome.
Gangrene. This is one of the most terrible options, tissue death begins, that is, necrosis.

Purulent inflammation of the skin

Most often, we all encounter this type of inflammation. In what ways can we see it?

Pyoderma - appears due to improper handling of insect bites, small skin incisions, etc. On the skin it looks like small bubbles around the wound.
Follicle - in this case, the hair follicle is threatened, it begins to fester.
A furuncle is a melting of a hair follicle. A dangerous factor is that it very easily develops into a furunculosis disease, when there are already many such formations.
Carbuncle - also but large, usually treated with surgical methods, after which a large empty cavity remains in the skin, then scars appear at the site of the wound.
Hidradenitis is a purulent formation in the groin or armpit in the place where the sebaceous glands are located.

Complications

How the decay process ends depends on several important factors:

the degree of aggression of the irritating element;
depth of infection penetration;
quality of immunity of the victim.

After the treatment is over and the cavity with pus has emptied, soft tissue remains in its place, which is then replaced by fresh skin, but scarring is possible. If the treatment was not carried out correctly, then a complication process may begin, which does not reflect very well on the human condition:

pus can spread to other tissues and organs;
in the process of decay, the infection can enter the bloodstream, and, as a result, sepsis, bleeding and thrombosis may begin;
death of the skin and tissues of organs;
weakening of the immune system and the general condition of the human body, which can lead to underdevelopment of organs.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the severity of the disease. Both treatment at home and surgical intervention, as well as treatment in a hospital, are allowed.

Consider the options for possible treatment:

with an abscess, an incision is made to a person and the cavity where the pus was was washed, the wound is closed from environmental exposure;
with phlegmon, it is necessary to use drugs after opening abscesses and deep cleaning;
with epiema, surgical intervention is necessary, when the tissue of the organ is opened, pus is removed, the cavity is cleaned, then enhanced treatment is carried out aimed at raising immunity and healing the wound.

It is important to know that when treating various kinds of abscesses, it is necessary to avoid contact with water, no compresses or massages can be done so as not to provoke the spread of infection. The skin needs to be treated with special means for the same purpose. Zelenka and iodine are the most common alcohol solutions that are used for this purpose.

If you are faced with an elementary splinter, then, of course, you can deal with it at home, but you also need to be very careful. Before removing a splinter, you need to carefully treat both the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin and the tool with which you will remove it. After extraction, immediately treat the skin with alcohol and seal the wound with a plaster until healing or the formation of a protective crust.

Antibiotics

The use of antibiotics is allowed only under the strict supervision of the attending physician. Self-medication is not allowed, as this can significantly worsen the patient's condition. Before you start taking the medicine, you need to determine the sensitivity of a person to its components. Of course, it is not recommended to use antibiotics unless they are urgently needed. It is important to remember that the use of antibiotics, especially uncontrolled, can harm the normal functioning of the body. After you have a suspicion of the presence of purulent inflammation, urgently contact a specialist for help. If you have undergone surgery and scars remain, then modern plastic surgery can correct any imperfections.

Purulent wounds can appear at any age in every person.. With incorrect or untimely treatment, this leads to complex complications.

Therefore, it is extremely important to know what drugs and other means to use, how to properly carry out the procedures.

If infection is observed when the integrity of the skin is damaged, then the question of treating purulent wounds at home becomes acute. After all, suppuration leads to the most unpleasant consequences, up to gangrene.

Ulcers are a lumen with purulent fluid around which an inflammatory process occurs. The disease occurs against the background of infection of any wound (cut, scratch, puncture, etc.).

Simply put, pus is formed due to the penetration of a pathogenic microorganism into the wound.

A purulent formation can occur in any part of the body, but most often occurs on the leg, arm, buttocks, abdomen, and finger. Pus can have a thick or liquid consistency, as well as a different color.

It is the shade that allows you to determine the type of pathogen:

the whitish and yellowish color of the dense structure indicates infection with the staphylococcus bacterium;
with a liquid consistency of a brown-yellow hue, we are talking about Escherichia coli;
for a watery structure of yellow and green color, infection with streptococcus is characteristic;
brown fetid liquid - anaerobic microbes;
if the shade of pus inside is yellow, but changes color upon contact with air, then this is Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Symptoms of purulent wounds

Bursting, throbbing or pressing pain.
Redness of the skin around the lesion.
On palpation, the skin feels hot.
Change in skin color at the location of the pathology.
Swelling and headache.
Increased body temperature, chills, weakness.
Loss of appetite and increased sweating.

Causes of infection

As you know, purulent wounds occur due to infection. But why then does one person immediately notice the inflammatory process, while the other does not? It turns out that there are certain factors that affect the transformation of a simple wound into a purulent form.

First of all, it is a weakened immune system and the presence of certain pathologies (diabetes mellitus, HIV, etc.). Climatic conditions (high humidity), extensive pollution of the area also play a huge role.

It is possible to bring a pathogen into the wound through dirty hands or the use of non-sterile treatment materials.

The first question that arises is how to treat a purulent wound. Because the effectiveness and duration of subsequent therapy depends on it.

Not every person is ready to go to the clinic with such a minor problem. Yes, and it is not always possible to consult a doctor immediately.

Therefore, it is necessary to know the rules of primary processing:

Wound disinfection and washing. What to wash? Every home has hydrogen peroxide, so use this liquid. You can use "Furacilin", potassium permanganate diluted in water or a solution of "Chlorhexidine".
Next, you need to process the area around the wound. To do this, you can take brilliant greens or iodine. After that, you need to make a dressing (apply a sterile bandage).
Further care includes application of ointments, daily washing and other types of processing.
In especially advanced cases, the doctor prescribes surgical intervention.. For example, if the wound is lacerated, open, with the presence of foreign bodies, etc. The surgeon performs a deep cleaning, removing blood clots, splinters, dead tissues and cells. This will speed up the healing process. If necessary, the doctor cuts out uneven edges, and then sutures.

Quite often, the doctor suggests introducing a special serum against tetanus, and in case of bites from unvaccinated animals, a rabies vaccine. Do not refuse the procedure, as this will prevent complications.

The basis of the algorithm for the treatment of purulent lesions is to remove dead epithelium, cleanse purulent fluid, accelerate regeneration processes and prevent the development and growth of pathogenic microorganisms.

For processing, you will need a sterile bandage and gauze wipes, scissors washed in alcohol, sterile gloves, adhesive plaster, solutions and ointments.

Initially, the area around the wound is washed and treated with hydrogen peroxide, manganese or other solutions. Next, cut a sterile napkin to the size of the wound with scissors, apply ointment on it and attach it to the focus. After that, bandage. All manipulations must be done with gloves.

If you remove a bandage with accumulated pus, then do it with rubber gloves.. After removing the purulent wipes, be sure to change the gloves. Otherwise, you risk spreading the infection throughout the body.

Treatment methods for purulent wounds

Before treating purulent wounds, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic methods. Medical principles of treatment include the following:

cleansing of purulent fluid and dead tissues, cells;
neutralization of puffiness and other symptoms;
destruction of bacteria.

If the pus cannot be removed naturally, drainage is performed. It can be passive and active.

In the first case, drainage is used from tubes, strips, turundas and wipes soaked in antiseptics. Active drainage involves the use of suction devices.

Since purulent wounds belong to the infectious group, the need is the use of antibiotics. Depending on the severity of suppuration, various forms of preparations are used.

For example, with a slight suppuration, local exposure is sufficient, and in more complex cases, complex treatment is prescribed. That is, the wounds are treated with antibacterial ointments and solutions, and the patient takes pills inside. Quite often, injections are also prescribed.

The most popular antibiotics for purulent wounds:

tetracyclines;
cephalosporins;
penicillins.

Modern pharmacology produces a huge number of universal ointments that have a comprehensive effect. But what kind of ointment to use for purulent wounds in a particular case, the attending physician and directly, you yourself will decide.

List of the best ointments:

The most common and popular drugs:

Home treatment: traditional medicine recipes

Modern medicine does not deny the positive effect of medicinal herbs and other components used in traditional medicine.

After all, many drugs are made from extracts and extracts of plants. Therefore, folk remedies are popular.

Juna is a folk healer, thanks to which many people got rid of various pathologies. One of her recipes is Juna's unique ointment.

Although, she personally claimed that this remedy came from the people, and she only recommended it. The ointment is able to draw out any purulent liquid in a short time.

So, you will need 1 raw egg yolk, 1 tsp. honey and 1 tbsp. l. wheat flour. Mix all ingredients thoroughly and refrigerate.

If necessary, apply the resulting mixture directly to the hearth, covering the top with a piece of toilet paper or paper napkin. Be sure to wear a protective bandage.

Ointment can be changed every 3 hours throughout the day. If you want to leave it overnight, feel free to leave it. After removal, you will find accumulations of pus that need to be removed. If there is no purulent fluid yet, then put another layer of the mixture on top.

Almighty Aloe Flower

Aloe refers to a bactericidal plant that destroys the pathogen, draws out pus and heals.

But how to use aloe correctly to achieve the maximum effect? There are several ways:

Wash the leaf of the plant and cut it lengthwise. Attach to the affected area, fixing. To enhance the antibacterial effect, you can drop a little iodine.
Remove skin from aloe and finely chop. Apply the paste on the wound.
Squeeze out the juice from the peeled plant, soak a gauze napkin in it and apply it to the site of damage.

Aloe needs to be changed every 2-3 hours. Try to use a 3 year old plant. Be sure to treat the wound with any solution before the procedure.

Horseradish Recipes

Horseradish is a powerful antibacterial plant, so it is used to treat purulent formations. Horseradish infusion is used as lotions, compresses and solutions for washing.

Grind the root part, take 1 tbsp. l. and fill it with boiling water. It is desirable to insist in a thermos for 1 hour.

You can make a tincture from fresh leaves. Weigh 200 grams of the plant and twist the leaves through a meat grinder. You should get a gruel, which you need to pour 1 liter of boiled water (temperature slightly above room temperature).

Now place the mixture in a glass jar and close the lid tightly. You need to insist 12 hours. Do not forget to stir the ingredients periodically during this time.

Other recipes

Try not to self-medicate, this can lead to complications. It is better to consult a doctor, as separate groups of drugs can be prescribed for each type of bacteria. And then you can easily get rid of a purulent wound!

Any violation of the integrity of the skin can cause the formation of pus, edema and tissue necrosis in the area of the damaged area. Treatment of purulent wounds is carried out with the help of special medicines, you can use folk methods, or resort to urine therapy.

Treat festering wounds in a timely manner

Causes of suppuration

If pathogenic bacteria penetrate into a stab, cut, chopped, lacerated wound, postoperative suture, the process of suppuration will begin. The process is accompanied by pain, swelling, the damaged tissue consists of dead cells, requires immediate medical treatment - otherwise gangrene may develop, the affected limb will have to be amputated.

Reasons for the development of a purulent process:

penetration into the wound of pyogenic microbes - staphylococci, streptococci, proteus, E. coli;
extensive area of the lesion, deep wounds;
the presence in the wound cavity of dead tissue, foreign body, blood clots;
a small but long hole in stab wounds;
a peculiar reaction of the body to drugs that are used for dressings.

Staphylococci - pyogenic microbes

The likelihood of developing a purulent process increases in the presence of diabetes mellitus, vascular pathologies, obesity, sexually transmitted diseases, in elderly people, people with weakened immunity, in the hot season.

Any accidental wound in surgery is considered infected, so even minor scratches and abrasions should be treated immediately, especially in children.

Types of purulent wounds

Purulent wounds are open and closed, accompanied by the process of infiltration, necrosis. Most often, suppuration begins in random wounds and postoperative sutures can develop according to the gangrenous type, proceed in the form of phlegmon or abscess.

The main types of purulent dermatological lesions:

boils - pus accumulates in the follicles and sebaceous glands, the problem most often develops in diabetics, overweight people;
carbuncles - the infectious process develops simultaneously in several hair follicles, the disease is diagnosed in the elderly, with endocrine diseases;
hidradenitis - inflammation of the sweat glands against the background of non-compliance with hygiene rules, inaccurate shaving of the armpits;
abscess - occurs in places of stab wounds, after injections, is accompanied by necrotic pathologies, the inflamed area is limited by the capsule;
phlegmon - a purulent-necrotic process occurs in the cellular space, the affected area has no clear boundaries;
paronychia - inflammation of the periungual roller on the hands;
felon - pus accumulates in soft tissues, bones, joints on the legs, on the fingers.

A collection of pus in the big toe

The color and consistency of pus allows you to identify the type of pathogen of the inflammatory process. Allocations of white or light yellow color indicate a staphylococcal infection, when E. coli penetrates into the wound, the mass is liquid, have a brown-yellow color. Infection with staphylococcus is evidenced by watery formations of a greenish-yellow color, brown mucus with a sharp fetid odor - a sign of an anaerobic infection. Yellow exudate, which turns brown on contact with air, appears when infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Symptoms of festering wounds

The main local signs of a purulent process are the presence of exudate of different colors in the wound, pain, local fever, redness and swelling around the wound. When infected, a large amount of toxins enters the body, which leads to the appearance of signs of intoxication at a later stage in the development of the disease.

Signs of a purulent process:

increased sweating;
loss of appetite, nausea;
weakness, feverish conditions;
migraine, fever;
pain syndrome in the affected area is pressing or bursting;
sometimes a rash appears on healthy areas of the skin that are located near the focus of inflammation.

The presence of a purulent and inflammatory process helps to identify a clinical blood test - the ESR rises, the leukocyte formula shifts to the left.

Excessive sweating may indicate wound festering

Treatment of purulent wounds

To eliminate purulent-necrotic processes, complex therapy is used, which is aimed at suppressing the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, eliminating pain, accelerating the regeneration process. Most often, local treatment is used; in severe forms, antibiotics in tablet form should be taken additionally.

Local therapy

The use of external medicines with various therapeutic effects is the main method of treating purulent wounds. Before applying the ointment or solution, the damaged area must be cleaned with warm water and soap, and blotted with a soft cloth. For dressings, you can use only sterile gauze and bandage, wipe all tools with alcohol.

How to treat festering wounds:

Enzyme-based preparations - Chymotrypsin, Streptokinase. With regular use, the affected area is gradually cleared of fibrin and dead tissue, the healing process is accelerated, these drugs increase the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics. The solution should be impregnated with gauze, applied to the wound for an hour, therapy should be carried out for 10 days.
- ointment with a combined therapeutic effect, contains an antibiotic and an immunomodulator, helps to quickly remove pus. The tool is used for compresses, laid directly into the wounds. The duration of therapy is 4 days.
Ichthyol ointment is a safe antiseptic, analgesic that is suitable for the treatment of pregnant women and children over 12 years of age. Since its active components do not penetrate into the bloodstream. The drug is applied under a bandage, dressing should be done every 8 hours.
Magnesia will help get rid of puffiness - you need to soak a cotton pad with a medicinal solution, apply it to the inflamed area for 1.5-2 hours.
Lincomycin, gentamicin ointment - contain antibacterial components. They can be applied 2-3 times a day, the duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.
Sodium chloride solution - reduces the synthesis of purulent exudate, is used for dressings, which need to be changed every 5 hours.
Dimexide - a solution for compresses with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihistamine action.
Powder Baneocin, Xeroform is a drying agent with an antibacterial effect, it stops the blood well.
To eliminate signs of intoxication, it is necessary to drink more warm liquid with a diuretic and immunomodulating effect - rosehip broth, mint tea, lemon balm, lingonberry and cranberry juice.

Powder Baneocin - antibacterial agent

Folk remedies for quick healing

Non-traditional methods of treatment help speed up the healing process, help eliminate inflammation and strengthen local immunity. It is possible to use folk remedies only in combination with drug therapy, all therapeutic measures should be agreed with the attending physician.

How to get rid of festering wounds with folk methods:

Ointment for pulling out pus - grind in a blender 1 lower large leaf of aloe and a small carrot, add 20 ml of liquid honey and melted butter. Apply the mixture under the bandage, carry out the procedure 3-4 times a day.
Healing ointment from Juna - mix raw chicken yolk with 5 ml of honey and 15 g of wheat flour. Apply the composition to the focus of inflammation, cover with a paper towel and a protective bandage. The compress should be changed every 3 hours; in case of severe pathologies, the mixture can be left overnight.
Compress with antiseptic action - mix equal proportions of fresh onion puree and chopped grape leaves. Apply the gruel to the inflamed area, fix it with a bandage, change the bandages every 4 hours.
Chamomile decoction is one of the best natural antiseptics. To prepare the infusion, you need to brew 20 g of crushed raw materials with 220 ml of boiling water, leave in a closed, wrapped container for 2 hours. Soak gauze with the solution, apply to the wound for 45 minutes.
To quickly cleanse the wound of pus, you can use a saline solution - dissolve 30-40 g of salt in 1 liter of warm water, wash the infected areas 4-5 times a day.

Chamomile decoction - a natural antimicrobial agent

It is impossible to treat purulent processes with essential oils - they can provoke an exacerbation of the pathology. At the time of therapy, you need to abandon the use of peanuts and other allergenic products, alcoholic beverages.

Urine therapy in the treatment of purulent wounds

Urine has long been used as a wound healing agent for the speedy elimination of purulent processes - an absolutely sterile liquid contains hormones, trace elements, softens the crusts that appear during the healing process, but modern non-traditional treatment is also carried out using urinottherapy. Fresh urine meets all medical requirements.

How to remove purulent processes with urine:

Plentifully soak a sterile bandage with urine, tightly wrap the affected area.
Moisten the bandage with urine, without removing it, as it dries.
The compress should be changed every 3-5 days, depending on the severity of the pathology.

Urine has healing properties

Urine treatment is an effective way to eliminate purulent processes, but it is better to use it in extreme cases, when there are no medicines and other means for therapy at hand.

Features of the treatment of purulent wounds in diabetes

The immune system of a healthy person with traumatic injuries begins to suppress foreign bodies, which reduces the risk of developing infectious pathologies; in diabetics, the body performs these functions worse. In diabetes, the process of glucose breakdown slows down, which reduces the rate of regeneration, promotes the active growth of pathogenic microorganisms - all this leads to the appearance of long-term non-healing wounds, trophic ulcers, nerve endings lose sensitivity, without proper treatment, amputation will be required. All the consequences of untimely treatment of wounds in diabetes can be seen in the photo.

Purulent wound on the leg with diabetes

How to heal wounds quickly in diabetes:

Solcoseryl - normalizes metabolic processes in tissues, accelerates the regeneration process;
Delaxin is a tannin-based ointment with a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect;
Fuzikutan - antibacterial drug for external use;
Zinc ointment - dries the damaged areas, prevents suppuration;
Levomekol, Dioksizol - significantly accelerate the healing process;
Baneocin - ointment and powder, the remedy belongs to strong antibiotics;
Ichthyol ointment - an anesthetic and disinfectant for lotions and compresses;
Vishnevsky ointment, streptocid ointment - destroy pathogenic microbes, draw out pus.

Vishnevsky's ointment destroys microbes well

All medications should be applied at least twice a day. Damaged areas should first be washed, dried, treated with hydrogen peroxide.

The composition of ointments for the treatment of purulent wounds in diabetes should not contain alcohol, salicylic acid, synthetic dyes and preservatives, glycerin.

How to heal festering wounds in the mouth

Ulcers in the oral cavity may appear due to non-compliance with hygiene rules, against the background of an infectious or fungal pathology, long-term medication, diabetes, and frequent stress. The best medications for treatment are Benzocaine ointment, Solcoseryl. If the wounds arose against the background of an exacerbation of herpes, Acyclovir, Famciclovir will help.

Effective home therapies:

Rinse - dissolve 5 tablets of Furacilin in 400 ml of water, add 5 g of salt and soda each. The procedure should be carried out 3-4 times a day.
Moxibustion. Rinse your mouth with soda solution, apply hydrogen peroxide or Chlorhexidine on a sterile piece of cotton wool, apply to the wound for 5 minutes. The procedure is carried out during the day with an interval of 5-6 hours.
Anesthesia and disinfection. Combine the juice of half a lemon with 3 g of soda, add 5 ml of cold water and liquid honey. Composition to lubricate purulent wounds in the morning before breakfast and before bedtime.

Lemon juice and honey will help get rid of purulent wounds in the mouth

If the wounds in the mouth are accompanied by severe pain, a piece of ice can be used as first aid, it must be pressed against the sore - this procedure will help prevent the development of inflammatory processes, quickly eliminate discomfort in the oral cavity.

Wound care after surgery

After any surgical intervention, sutures remain on the body, which should be properly looked after in order to avoid suppuration and speed up the healing process. Wound care includes the mandatory use of antiseptics, agents that accelerate the resorption of scars, and medicines should be used at least twice a day.

How can postoperative sutures be processed:

antibacterial and disinfectant solutions - iodine, alcohol, brilliant green, Fukortsin;
Vishnevsky ointment - draws pus from the wound, promotes the speedy tightening of wounds;
Levosin - ointment with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action;
Actovegin - accelerates, eliminates inflammatory processes, normalizes blood circulation in tissues;
Naftaderm is a good pain reliever;
ointment Levomekol - accelerates healing, prevents drying of the skin;
- ointment for tightening scars;
ointment Contractubex, Mederma - can be used 2-3 months after surgery to eliminate scars.

If the wound has healed, in addition to softening the skin, smooth tightening of scars, you can use vegetable oil from sea buckthorn and milk thistle. Effective and the use of special patches that hold the incision together, prevent the growth of the scar.

You should not remove the sutures and postoperative staples on your own - this is fraught with infection of the wound, the development of a purulent process.

Purulent wounds are a severe and complex pathology that requires long-term complex treatment. Which drug is better, the principle and treatment regimen can only be determined by a doctor, based on the examination and the results of clinical trials. Self-medication can lead to the development of complications, up to amputation of the limb.