Image of a business person. Appearance of a business man
Plan
1. Etiquette in the culture of appearance
2.Appearance of a business person
3. Business man's suit
3.1Jacket, shirt, tie
3.2 Men's shoes
4.Business woman suit
5.Accessories
Literature
1. Etiquette in the culture of appearance
When seeing a person for the first time, people involuntarily pay attention to his appearance. “Clothing is ninety percent of what people see when they look at you,” says Debra Guy Cox, image consultant. Clothes influence those around them, since, regardless of a person’s consciousness, they are instantly recorded by his senses. Therefore, it is not in vain that they say that a person is first judged by his appearance, then by his conversation, and then by the interior of his office. Appearance, as a rule, reflects the internal, moral content of a person. "People judge us—who we are, where we live, where we've been—based on just one look at what we wear," Cox says. A person's culture is emphasized by his clothing. It is, in a way, a person’s calling card. Clothes convey information to communication partners about a person, his tastes, and his membership in a particular social or professional class.
Tasteful clothes, accessories, and a neat appearance make him confident, collected, and energetic. It was not for nothing that Rockefeller started his business by buying himself an expensive suit with his last money and becoming a member of the golf club. “The ability to dress is more important than the ability to enter a room or the ability to bow. “Nothing catches the eye more than a person’s clothes,” they taught in the old days. Looking at an entrepreneur for the first time, one immediately gets an impression of him and his well-being. The color of clothing is of great importance. Exposure to color is a powerful psychological irritant: it can calm down, put partners in a “businesslike mood”, and in a certain situation can cause hostility or, on the contrary, positive emotions. Color signals are perceived by partners on a subconscious level. This explains the “secret” power of their influence. According to M. Luscher, the creator of the color test widely known in modern psychodiagnostics, each color has its own psychological meaning. This is confirmed by domestic psychologists. Clothing must be appropriate to the place, time, and nature of the event. You need to know how to wear it correctly. The lighter the suit, the better quality it should be.
2.Appearance of a business person
The appearance of a business person is the first step to success, since for a potential partner his suit serves as a code indicating the degree of reliability, respectability and success in business.
Only those who are well dressed and combed, who have a sense of taste and taste, inspire trust. We can say that in the business sphere they are “met by their clothes”, and then they evaluate other qualities - punctuality, clarity, qualifications, faithfulness to their word, etc. That is why many demands are placed on the appearance of a business person, his everyday suit (not to mention special occasions).
At the same time, you don’t need to try to suppress your partners with the richness of your appearance, which indicates your powerful creditworthiness. In most industrialized countries, heavy gold rings, chains and bracelets, a conspicuous watch or an excessively colorful tie can only raise doubts about your seriousness.
True, there are regions (for example, the Arab East) where a demonstration of luxury is not only allowed, but even required from a businessman as clear evidence of his prosperity. Such “signs of success” include platinum lighters with monograms, watches with diamonds, cufflinks with precious stones, and super-expensive cars.
3. Business man's suit
A business suit is like a businessman’s business card. No business suit - no for the community of business people and the businessman himself. It is not for nothing that in the distant 19th century, the future billionaire Rockefeller began his path to success by investing not in business, but in himself: he spent literally his last money on two important acquisitions: the first acquisition was an expensive business suit, the second - a membership card in a prestigious golf club. The suit created an image, the card provided acquaintances or personal connections. He was a wise and far-sighted man, this Rockefeller!
Both for the first contact and for subsequent business meetings with important domestic and foreign partners, it is worth wearing a thoroughly cleaned and pressed suit with a light-colored shirt and tie to match.
You should not appear at business meetings in jackets, sweatpants, jeans, or leather jackets, which self-respecting businessmen wear at best on country walks.
However, there are special areas of business where extravagant outfits are allowed as a kind of trademark and a sign of belonging to the workshop. For example, the manager of a rock singer or the organizer of a “heavy metal” concert may sport an earring in his ear and have a hairstyle in the form of a ponytail grabbed with a ribbon. And an art dealer is quite befitting of bohemian colorful jackets and silk scarves.
Businessmen striving for success pay careful attention to details and meticulously take them into account in their conclusions. For example, a monstrous impression is made by short, folded socks that reveal the white calves of a businessman when he sits with his legs crossed. Clean, hole-free socks are especially necessary in Japan, since there you have to take off your shoes when entering a house or restaurant.
A stale handkerchief, a half-torn button, or the habit of wiping your glasses with the end of a tie can spoil the impression.
Don't forget about shoes - dusty and cracked shoes can spoil the impression of even a decent suit. It is necessary to discard the simple-minded domestic habit of complementing a suit jacket with a tie with sandals from which thread socks peek out, and to avoid overly odorous colognes and aftershave lotions. And in general, the main thing you should strive for is a general impression of neatness, neatness, and even some pedantry in clothing. This should make your partner think that you will be so smart in business.
3.1Jacket, shirt, tie
Externally, a businessman is easy to distinguish from all other men: he looks confident, stable, and is dressed quite conservatively. If a rich slacker chooses expensive and sophisticated clothes with a pretense of chic, people of liberal professions - non-standard, workers - simple and reliable, young people - sports, then a businessman is unthinkable without a men's suit, which in its entirety consists of a “three piece” (jacket, trousers, vest ), and in the standard version the same without a vest.
Clothes shape the appearance of a business person. It attracts the attention of people concerned with interpersonal relationships. In the words of Alison Lurie, author of The Language of Dress: "...sociologists tell us that fashion...is a language of signs, a nonverbal system of communication." The main thing in men's clothing is a suit. The most common styles of men's suits are: English; European; modified European; American “bag”.
A mandatory accessory of a classic men's suit is a jacket. It must be worn during any visit.
The bottom button of the jacket is never fastened. The rest must be buttoned up in an official setting - on the podium, when entering any room, etc. You should also dance only in a buttoned jacket. You can unfasten it only if you are sitting at a table or in the auditorium. You can take off your jacket at official events only after the host, the guest of honor - in a word, the first person at the reception - has done so. And if this very first person, despite the sweltering heat, sits in a jacket as if nothing had happened, those present at a lower rank can only mentally send curses at this blockhead, immune to high temperatures and other people’s problems. Only when visiting close friends can you take off your jacket without waiting for the owner to do it. But first you should ask the owner for permission to do this. In late autumn, winter, early spring, and in the evening, it is better to wear a dark jacket. In the daytime and in summer, a light suit is preferable; in hot weather, a cotton one is preferable. The suit can be plain, as well as small striped or checkered, but without sharp contrasts. For business negotiations, it is recommended to wear plain suits in grey, dark grey, dark blue or black. The most common in the business world is a two-piece suit, but three-piece suits are also acceptable. A black suit is intended for the most formal occasions. All other details of clothing are selected to match the suit.
The cut of the jacket - double-breasted or single-breasted, with wide or narrow lapels - depends not only on fashion. A single-breasted jacket with two buttons shows the mobility of a businessman, his reaction speed, and dynamism. A double-breasted jacket speaks of the ability to maintain achievements, reasonable distribution of funds or investments, reliability and resilience in the face of any disasters. Double-breasted suits are contraindicated for all overweight people, even those of normal or relatively tall height. They make their owners real fatties.
In addition to the width of the wrap, jackets are also distinguished by the presence of slits, which can be two, one, or none at all. A jacket without vents is called European. It looks attractive only on slender men. For fat men and even men of normal build, but with a tummy or wide hips, the European type jacket is contraindicated. It fits perfectly only on tall and thin people, and only if they are standing. You can sit in such a jacket without discomfort, only by unbuttoning it completely.
An American jacket with one vent is more comfortable when walking and is less related to a person’s build. But it is also not very comfortable: in order to sit down, it needs to be unfastened. The most reliable in this regard is an English jacket with two vents. It is quite easy to sit in it, since the jacket immediately diverges to the sides at the back and does not interfere with the fit. You don’t have to unfasten it completely. The fact is that it is customary to never put the bottom button through a loop, so as not to interfere with free movement.
The jacket has two vents allowing you to get up and sit down easily and freely. Your choice should probably be based on how mobile your job is and the characteristics of your build. The cut of the jacket in all other respects should simply correspond to your idea of comfortable and uncomfortable, that is, the feeling of comfort or discomfort when wearing a thing.
A business man for various events must have at least three suits and 12 cotton shirts of various colors, mostly pastel. They should match the suits in tone. White shirts are a must, but in an icy white color. Thin stripes or checks are acceptable. A colorful shirt does not go well with a patterned suit. Never wear a striped shirt with a checkered suit or, conversely, a checkered shirt with a striped suit. The darker the suit, the lighter the shirt should be. The ideal shirt, suitable for visits of any level, is white. But the most harmonious combination and the best shirt do not make a good impression if the shirt is dirty. Fresh shirts are its most important characteristic. The sleeve is long. The shirt collar is classic. However, the choice of collar is important for men with non-standard necks and face shapes. For slender men with long, thin necks, tapered collars (with close corners) or long, sharp collars emphasize features that need to be subdued. Wide collars suit them better. They seem to widen the neck. Men with full faces and short necks look more impressive in shirts with narrow collars. Collars with a loop and a high neckline are good for men with medium necks.
On a shirt, as well as on a jacket, elements of a sports or military style are also not allowed - shoulder straps, patch pockets with folds or yokes. Let's say one patch pocket. Usually the pocket has a logo (word trademark) of the manufacturer.
John T. Molloy, in Dressing for Success, writes: “If you have the intention of taking everything I write in this book seriously... then you will never, in your entire life, wear a short sleeve shirt to a business meeting, no matter what. "whether you have just recently worked as a simple courier or you are the president of a company. A short sleeve is a symbol of the lower social stratum of the middle class and therefore cannot purely psychologically evoke feelings of respect and power."
Elegant shirts should have no pockets, but if they do, it is not customary to put anything in them. When a tie is tied, the corners of the collar should not lag behind, as in cheap shirts. Cuffs can be simple, fastened with a button, or double (French), fastened with cufflinks. Double - add gloss to the image. Due to the width and details of such cuffs, the arms do not seem long.
Particular attention is paid to the tie. A tie is a must-have addition to a plain shirt. With a striped suit, checkered suit, etc. A plain tie goes well. And with a plain suit - a tie with a pattern, motley. If the shirt is a light-colored one-color shirt, you need to make sure that the tie matches its color. Only a plain tie will go with a bright patterned shirt. In all cases, the tie should be darker than the shirt. The color of your business partner's tie can help you determine his character, mood, and position in these negotiations. Bright red ties express expressiveness and some inconsistency. The combination of bright red and yellow is a sign of relaxedness, persistence in defending one’s own point of view. A red pattern on a dark background can indicate self-confidence and determination. Blue, dark brown colors with the addition of red and a little emerald convey goodwill and readiness to take into account the opponent’s opinion. Gray-pearl colors emphasize the ability to control feelings. Poisonous greens combined with yellows may indicate some wariness. Blue ties radiate calm. A black woven leather tie indicates a desire to be elegant and attractive. For business negotiations, it is better to choose gray-pearl, blue-red, maroon ties. Ties with a graphic design are recommended. This color scheme will put your interlocutors in a good mood and will emphasize your respect for them. But a bright tie with an avant-garde pattern will create a feeling of emotional pressure in your business partners, will irritate and distract them. It is also recommended to use a set of identical colors of a tie and a handkerchief (the tip of which peeks out of the breast pocket). A silk tie goes best with a dark evening suit. A synthetic tie is worn only with a leather jacket. Bow ties only appear at formal events. A black cloth tie is appropriate only at funerals and memorial ceremonies. It is not customary to combine a tie with a sports shirt, a woolen shirt, or with any shirt that is worn untucked. The width of the tie should be directly proportional to the size of the jacket, i.e. The wider a person's shoulders, the wider the tie should be. Do not allow the tie to hang below the waist. But too short is also unacceptable. It should just barely reach the trouser belt buckle. And, of course, the tie must be tied neatly and correctly. Thick ties should be re-tied each time.
3.2 Men's shoes
Not only a tie, but also shoes indicate a man’s social status and luck. In all manuals on business etiquette, the following is written about shoes: they should be expensive, conservative in appearance, with thin soles, black or dark (for a dark suit) and the appropriate shade for a light suit. But, above all, shoes should be comfortable. So if in a store the seller assures you that this is the same model that is ideal for a business suit, then, having figured out its purpose, check how comfortable it is on your leg, and don’t forget for what purpose you are purchasing it: if you only wear indoors, then the choice is fair, but if you have to walk in these business shoes on our sinful earth and in the slushy season, then you should think about whether or not your shoes will cope with rain, snow or mud. Otherwise, you risk soon giving your expensive shoes to the nearest trash heap.
The suit is elegantly complemented by lightweight lace-up low shoes made of genuine leather (top, bottom, insoles). Shoes are worn with outerwear: black lace-up boots, classic black leather low shoes with laces. Moccasins are possible if they are made from first-class genuine leather and are simple in style. Do not wear high-heeled or patent leather shoes. A business man does not wear velor leather shoes. They are not acceptable in business. Patent leather shoes only match tailcoats and tuxedos.
You still won’t be able to get away with “shoes for all occasions.” For cold seasons you will have to choose winter and autumn shoes, for summer - summer ones. But in all cases, shoes should look expensive and prestigious. This does not mean that it needs an extravagant style, although today in the world of men's shoe fashion there are very bold solutions. Men's business shoes are simple, that is, they should not have various inserts of a different color, additional straps, buckles, emblems and other details that are good in youth fashion, but do not correspond to business style. Shoes should always be immaculately clean, both inside and out. The leg produces 200 ml of sweat per day. A business man wears thin woolen socks. By absorbing sweat, these socks remain dry to the touch. Socks should be long. In this case, crossing your legs, your naked body (erogenous zones) is invisible from under your trousers. It is unacceptable for the bare part of the leg to be visible. Long socks add elegance to the foot. Socks with patterns are not recommended. The color of the socks creates a transition from the color of the suit to the color of the shoes and matches them. Dark plain socks are preferred. White socks are not acceptable. They are worn mainly by athletes. We read about this in one of the commandments on how to dress a novice businessman at a business school in Frankfurt am Main: “A gentleman does not wear white socks! A businessman, if he is a gentleman, too.” The basic principle of choosing a business suit is simple: men's clothing should fit well and the person in it should feel comfortable. So when choosing a business suit, it is recommended not just to put it on and stand in front of the mirror, but also to walk around, sit, even bend over, appreciating the suit not in static conditions, but in movement. In addition, if you choose a comfortable suit, do not forget to check that you will be comfortable even if the pockets are not perfectly empty. If they are provided for, then they exist for a reason. At the same time, pockets that are no longer empty should not bulge or bulge.
4.Business woman suit
A woman’s desire to be noticeable is her deepest need. The color of a suit can increase or decrease a woman’s aura of power and charm. The requirements for the clothing of a business woman are, in principle, not much different from the requirements for the clothing of a business man. However, business etiquette allows a woman to depart from strict male standards. For a businesswoman who wants to succeed, it is very important to remember her appearance.
Business clothes are distinguished by classic cut, discreet colors, and versatility. Evening dresses made of sexy chiffon and luxurious trouser suits with designs reminiscent of impressionist paintings are quite suitable for a cocktail party, but appearing in such outfits at work means the ruin of your career. A women's business suit can be of traditional colors (red, yellow, brown, green, blue, white, black), almost any color, except bright shades and sharp contrasting combinations. The best colors for a business dress are dark blue, tan, beige, dark brown, gray, moderate blue, light blue, etc.
The black business suit has recently been replaced. It is suitable for conferences, board meetings and other events that are more formal in nature than regular work activities. All over the world, the main clothing for work is a suit. You can only afford a dress in hot weather and only in a plain color.
A business woman's wardrobe should include two or three skirts, jackets, and two or three blouses. It is advisable to change toilets often, because the same thing, worn every day, gets boring and “extinguishes” your mood.
You cannot shorten your skirt too much in blind obedience to fashion. Also, you should not wear things that emphasize your attractiveness (tight sweaters, jeans). It may happen that men, instead of listening to you at business meetings, will consider your merits. In addition, they may get the impression that you are primarily offering to make sure of the beauty of your figure, and not of your business qualities.
A woman’s clothing should correspond to the place, time, and nature of the event. You need to know how to wear it correctly. For example, it is not customary to receive guests or visit people in evening dresses during the daytime. For this occasion, an elegant dress or dress-suit is suitable, but not a jacket and skirt. Good taste requires the ability to combine existing clothes. The set can be supplemented with a new skirt, jumper, scarf, scarf.
The skirt is worn with a leather belt, matching the color of the suit. If a woman has a high waist, then the color of the belt is matched to the color of the blouse; if it is low, the color of the skirt is chosen. A business woman should not wear a cheap or ill-fitting jacket. Dropped, shapeless shoulders look sluggish and helpless at work. Therefore, small hangers are used. But at the same time remember that the shoulders narrow the sides. A buttoned jacket should fit comfortably. Its optimal length is not below the hips. For women with a high waist, long jackets are recommended, and for women with a low waist, short ones. Don't forget about fashion trends.
Blouses should be simple, elegant and look expensive. A complex blouse design does not harmonize with a business jacket. Ruffles and lace add femininity. Transparent or tight-fitting blouses are only suitable under a jacket. Summer clothing should be made from natural materials or with a small amount of synthetic or acetate fibers.
Knitted jumpers, vests, etc. are excluded from business clothes. A plump person looks even fuller in a suit or dress made of cross-striped fabric, with a large pattern, very light. Skirts in the shape of the letter “A” will flatter any figure. In wide, fluffy skirts, tall women do not look businesslike. It is better to wear a long skirt cut along an oblique line.
For women, shoes are the most important part of the toilet. The most elegant are pumps with closed toes and heels. In business, white shoes are unacceptable. They look cheap and are not a symbol of success. Shoes in ivory, beige, beige-gray, etc. are desirable. Dark shoes are suitable for dark dresses. Shoes with colored details, “metallic colors,” or with decorations are unacceptable in the business sphere. Shoes with flared heels, as well as closed shoes, are worn only with trousers. Patent leather shoes are preferable in the evening. In summer, sandals with an open heel but a closed toe are acceptable. As a rule, stockings and tights are combined with the color of shoes. They should not have a drawing. Shoes and dark-colored stockings visually make the feet smaller.
Hairstyle, makeup, and jewelry should organically complement your business suit. The hairstyle should be strict, but at the same time elegant. There should be as little jewelry as possible, but at the same time, one should not give them up altogether. It is better to wear expensive jewelry. Cosmetics should be noticeable only at close range. Experts recommend buying more preventive cosmetics than decorative ones. Perfume should be used in such quantities that their smell is barely noticeable. And, of course, it should be good perfume.
But the most important thing is your individuality. It's not about how you dress, but how you feel. If you are calm, confident, if you smile and listen attentively to your interlocutor, and do not overdo it with little feminine tricks such as “playing with the eyes” or “accidentally” exposing your knee, success is guaranteed to you. However, sometimes women's tricks don't hurt. But everything is in moderation.
5.Accessories
A business person always has the highest quality accessories that he can afford.
A woman’s handbag or case should be made of the best grades of genuine leather, just like a man’s briefcase, folder, or purse (wallet). A portfolio is necessary for every successful person. Folders are used only for internal use (meetings, meetings, etc.).
In business, a woman must wear a watch, otherwise she makes it clear to others that she does not value time. She prefers watches with a clear dial and a classic design. They are selected according to the fullness of the wrist. Small watches are small, large ones are heavy and inconvenient. Electronic watches, as well as those with a pointer, are inelegant.
A watch is the most important, expensive and prestigious accessory of a business man. In a classic business style, preference is given to elegant mechanical watches with hands... Quartz ones are more practical and easy to use, but mechanical ones are more prestigious. A man's image is distorted by watches made of plastic, rubber, with various decorations, ringing, squeaking, and with an unclear dial. Watches are convenient if the glass is flush with the case. The convex glass is subject to the greatest friction, darkening the dial. A strap made of calfskin or imitation crocodile leather is recommended, as well as a metal bracelet. A pocket watch is worn with a tailcoat. In the business world, it is customary to wear gold, silver, pearl jewelry or their combinations. Jewelry with precious stones is worn only in the evening. Rings should be in harmony with the outfit and appearance of the owner. They are usually worn on the ring finger. It is undesirable to wear small rings, as they cut into the finger, leaving a deep mark that remains for a long time, even if such rings are no longer worn. A ring worn on the little finger shortens and widens the hand. Small, elegant rings significantly emphasize the width of the hand. A ring on the index finger is a sign of bad taste. The grace of the hand is emphasized by a small stone in a thin frame, while a large one always emphasizes only its own beauty. Any rings look good on a narrow hand with long fingers. On such a hand, a ring with a stone in a convex setting looks beautiful even on the middle finger. Rings with stones of rich colors are suitable for all hands, and dim, transparent ones are suitable for dark-skinned hands. Jewelry on men has a deterrent effect on clients. It is allowed to wear two rings: a wedding ring and a signet ring. Preference is given to jewelry made from the most “masculine” precious metal - platinum. Cufflinks in a men's suit should be gold, silver, mother-of-pearl, perhaps with natural stones of a delicate color such as "Onyx". Artificial materials are unacceptable. It is advisable that the cufflinks be combined with a tie clip. The frame of glasses should not exactly copy the shape of the face, but only maintain its line. The upper part of the frame should be in line with the eyebrows, and the eyes should be located in the middle of the glasses. The frame should not be wide and below the middle of the cheeks, that is, below the level of the nostrils, so as not to distort the formula. It’s good when the frames of your glasses are in harmony with the color of your hair, eyebrows, and clothes. For dark hair and dark eyebrows, choose a dark frame. But remember that heavy, dark frames make the nose appear larger. Metallic or softly tinted plastic frames suit light hair. Business men and women pay no less attention to the pen than to other accessories. Along with Swiss watches and elegant glasses, a good pen belongs to the category of things that can reveal the true social status of its owner. Among the prestigious companies that produce expensive fountain pens, the most popular in Russia are Parker, Sheatter, Mont Blanc and Cross.
Literature
1. Business communication. Business etiquette: Textbook. manual for university students / Author-compiler I.N. Kuznetsov. - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2005. - 431 p.
2. Professional ethics and etiquette. Textbook / A.A. Solonitsyna. - Vladivostok. - Far Eastern University Publishing House, 2005.- 200 p.
3. Elizaveta Bazhenova “Business etiquette: why you need to behave this way and not otherwise.”
4. 30 main rules of business etiquette/Auth.-comp. T. I. Revyako - M.: AST.; Mn.: Harvest; 2005. -96 p.
· Characteristics of appearance
· Social role purpose of clothing
The influence of color in clothing
· Men's business suit
· Women's Business suit
“They meet you by their clothes...” This saying briefly and comprehensively answers the question of the importance of clothing in creating an image. The ability to choose clothes “to suit you”, and even more importantly, to wear them in a good manner, is an important part of image.
Clothes are a kind of calling card. It has a psychological impact on communication partners, often predetermining their attitude towards each other. Why does clothing become so important that the entire image can be instantly destroyed by the wrong choice of detail?
Since time immemorial, clothing, in addition to its main functions - protection and decoration - carries information about the owner, a kind of code that one must be able to read. An experienced eye will immediately note how skillfully you are dressed, whether the suit suits your figure, whether it matches your character and temperament, whether it helps or not to hide flaws, whether you can understand and feel the situation in which you are. Your status, psychological characteristics, social role, thoughts and feelings - everything will be reflected in the suit.
I would like to emphasize that it is very important to remember two important concepts proposed by the Swiss psychologist Max Luther: “aesthetic elegance” and “psychological elegance”.
Aesthetic elegance– when each element of clothing is selected according to color, shape, pattern and all elements are consistent with each other.
Psychological elegance– the ability to create your own harmony, a “zest” that is unique only to you. By combining these two concepts, you can dress individually and tastefully, feel comfortable in a “second skin”, knowing what you want to tell the world about yourself and what reaction you will get in return.
First of all, it is necessary to note the social role purpose of clothing. So, there is the concept of “white collar”, “blue collar”. Many people know that it refers to the technical intelligentsia and departmental officials. A number of enterprises have branded clothing. It is characterized not only by a certain style, but also by a variety of colors. In such enterprises, workers, employees and managers can easily be distinguished by their work clothes. By the way, this disciplines employees and facilitates their communication contacts.
Of course, we cannot absolutize the importance of clothing in our lives. However, let’s not forget that it is expressive, attracts people’s gaze, evoking specific emotions in them.
One of the principles of self-presentation of a business person strongly recommends: if you want to be in the forefront of business people, your clothes today should correspond to the position you would like to occupy tomorrow. Thus, a leader simply needs a respectable appearance, and some conservatism in his clothing is usually perceived as a symbol of stability.
Clothes say a lot about our personality. For example, extroverts prefer unusual outfits, while introverts prefer sophisticated ones. The former prefer bright colors, while the latter prefer cold colors. Extroverts love a lot of jewelry, while introverts have a simple and modest style.
1) with her functional purpose(work, home, guests, official reception);
2) with your age;
3) with their physical data.
The cut of clothing determines how your body shape will look. Even a thin person will appear fuller if he wears a jacket with square shoulders and wide, baggy trousers. The right choice of clothing cut can often hide what we consider to be flaws in our figure.
If you don't want your clothes to distract the other person from you and what you're saying, avoid outfits with too many details - pockets, zippers, complicated collars, shiny buttons.
Color also creates emotional associations. Warm, bright, light colors (such as red and yellow) "step forward" and can make you look prettier and friendlier, while cool, moody, dark colors (such as black, navy, gray) "fall back" and create distance. and you will look more powerful and unapproachable. Warm, neutral colors (beige, brown-yellow) create the impression of great accessibility.
Wearing brightly colored clothes can be overwhelming, especially if the person has a pale skin tone. But it's even worse if people notice your flashy clothes and don't look at you.
The most important color is the one closest to the face. Shirts, blouses, ties should be in shades that suit the complexion and decorate it. So, if a person wants to emphasize the whiteness of his face, he should wear red clothes, but yellow will give the whiteness of his face a purple tint.
Bad taste, extravagance, non-compliance with seasonality and simply sloppiness - these are the characteristics of clothing that are detrimental to the image. They cross out many of the wonderful qualities of people and create a false impression about them.
How can you strike a balance between the need to maintain certain standards of dress and the desire to express your individuality? Only by developing a sense of proportion and creating a holistic external image.
There is such a thing as “dressing with taste.” It is universal in its interpretation, because people’s tastes depend on many circumstances: general culture, material capabilities, age, ethnopsychological characteristics, etc. In addition, there is a certain standard of “good taste” that should be taken into account. For a long time, “dressing with taste” meant dressing strictly and monotonously. During the democratization of tastes, you can dress in a variety of ways and in an original way, but you should follow the principle of the ensemble, take into account your kinesics, the aesthetics of the time, social status, and the specifics of your professional activity.
Undoubtedly, there are features of a business suit for men and women.
Men's business suit.
The shirt occupies a special place in the clothing ensemble of business men. You can have a couple of suits and a couple of jackets with trousers, and this will be enough to look impressive and fresh. But with one obligatory condition: to have at least a dozen different shirts in your wardrobe. At one time, the palm was given to white shirts, but today color television clearly demonstrates how unreliable a white shirt is in “sculpting” an image. Of course, there are situations when, according to etiquette or ritual, you are supposed to wear a white shirt. However, men look much better in those shirts that best highlight the face and harmoniously combine with a tie.
The main decoration of a man is tie. By looking at a tie, you can unmistakably assess the taste of its owner. An elegant suit may go unnoticed, but a beautiful tie never will. Choosing the color, pattern and size of a tie allows a man to show off his personality and sometimes his mood. But the desired effect is achieved only by choosing the right tie for the suit: the dominant color of the tie should repeat one of the tones of the suit.
A plain tie goes with any shirt and any suit. It is only important to monitor the harmony of color.
A polka dot tie is also popular, but is more elegant than a plain one. The main background of the tie should dominate the color scheme of the clothing. It is advisable to match the color of the polka dots on the tie to the color of the shirt. The most common is a dark blue tie with small white polka dots; it adds charm to men. The smaller the peas, the more sophisticated appearance.
A tie with dark, clear diagonal stripes also works well for business attire.
Conservative ties (with circles, diamonds, triangles) are indispensable for a person with an authoritative position. With their severity, clear lines, and balance, such ties emphasize the position of its owner.
A tie with various patterns is perceived playfully by others, so it is not recommended to wear it to a serious business meeting. But on the other hand, it can bring freshness if a man is dressed in a dull, gloomy suit. The variety of tones in the abstract design suits almost any suit, especially for travel and long-term business trips.
Ties with images of symbols, emblems, newspaper text and “masterpieces” of painting greatly spoil a man’s business appearance. Business people should avoid black, violet, magenta colors, intersecting and overlapping patterns, very short and massive ties (the latter are especially unsuitable for overweight men with a short neck).
The best materials for ties are silk, wool and cotton. Synthetic fabric with a silk look looks great. Silk ties go with a variety of fabrics and are suitable for any situation. Cotton ties are worn mainly in the summer.
The length of the tie should be such that when tied, it barely covers the belt buckle.
Socks play an important role in a man’s business suit. They are matched first to the tie, then to the color of the trousers and, finally, to the color of the shoes. It is advisable to choose socks of a darker color than the suit (at least one tone).
The length of the socks should be such that not a single centimeter of bare skin is visible (especially when a man is sitting with his legs crossed) and so that they do not bunch up at the instep of the leg.
It is important for a business person to consider style matching clothing items. For example, a business, somewhat conservative suit or a striped suit in combination with a plaid shirt will look disharmonious. The awkwardness of combining a suit with wide lapels and a narrow tie is also obvious. Therefore, a plain suit can become a basic element in a business man’s wardrobe. It has the ability to combine well with the colors and patterns of other clothing items, which greatly simplifies the selection of the right combination: suit - shirt - tie; monotony – pattern – monotony.
It should also be remembered that identical patterns are never combined; they should always be separated by a single-color element. Therefore, for example, for a plain suit they are suitable
ü plain shirt, plain tie;
ü shirt with a pattern, plain tie;
ü plain shirt, tie with a pattern.
According to experts, a business man should have three suits: work, business and evening.
Work suit– this is a regular (everyday) suit: trousers and a jacket, which can be of different colors. A jumper, pullover or turtleneck sweater is completely acceptable (just not a sweater with a collar, like for a ski trip). Trousers and a leather jacket or well-tailored jacket are acceptable options. In all cases, a shirt and tie are required. A tie is not required only for a specially cut shirt or, for example, a turtleneck.
A business man wears a work suit on ordinary days, when he works with papers, a computer, a calculator, compiles a report or report, that is, he spends almost the entire day at his desk. A manager, if he does not have business meetings, meetings with partners, or receiving delegations planned, can also come to work in a work suit.
Business suit– These are trousers and a jacket of any color, and a shirt and tie matched accordingly.
Evening suit for a business man should consist of trousers and a jacket of the same color and a white (only white!) shirt.
You should not put a pen, pencil, glasses, comb or other items in the upper outer pockets of jackets so that they look out.
Women's Business suit.
Modern women have proven that they have depth and character, that they set ambitious goals for themselves and strive to move up the career ladder. However, in achieving these goals, they tend to make one of two mistakes:
1) they try to compete with men, using exclusively their external data, remaining true women and allowing fashion to determine the choice of their clothes (at the same time, in the eyes of men they look like “dummy”, who are interested in form more than in content);
2) they try to imitate men, adopting their clothing style, and at the same time their manner of behavior, losing their feminine individuality.
In both cases, the businesswoman loses. Choosing the right clothes can greatly help her succeed at work. But how to make this choice? We hope some tips help you:
It is better to wear a suit with a skirt to work rather than a dress;
Preference should be given to plain fabric, without a pattern, or to various versions of stripes and checkered patterns, but patterns such as flowers, birds, sailboats, etc., as well as various kinds of bright abstract designs are completely undesirable;
Your hairstyle should not distract the attention of others with excessive ringlets and curls;
Do not overuse cosmetics and perfumes (the whole world loves clowns who wear obvious cosmetics, but no one gives them responsible assignments in the business world);
It is not recommended to wear jewelry only as decoration: they should be used functionally or purposefully (for example, a wedding ring should always be worn, because it indicates your reliability and efficiency; a large, expensive pendant will add solidity to a short woman, etc.);
Use only a good-quality handle and a handbag made of very good quality leather (by the way, the inside of your bag should be organized and tidy).
The purpose of women's clothing was and remains to emphasize personal originality and elegance. A woman has the right to the originality of her clothes, to her own style of wearing them. A woman who successfully solves the problem of a harmonious combination of colors in her clothes enjoys unconditional success.
For service, a dress with long sleeves is most acceptable, and the most “authoritative” one is gray with small stripes. The best colors for a business dress are dark blue, tan, beige, gray, light blue. The least suitable are bright colors.
An important place in a business woman’s wardrobe is occupied by decorations. Their purpose is to give a woman grace, to create that touch in the image, without which it will not be complete. Wearing jewelry is not an indicator of a woman’s material capabilities, but of her culture and sophistication of taste.
A business woman should be careful in choosing points. This is an element of appearance that remains in sight all the time. The shape of the frame should suit the face. Round glasses, for example, will further emphasize his roundness. In this case, rectangular glass is more suitable. You should avoid frames that draw too much attention to yourself if you want people to remember your face and not your glasses.
Thanks to the effect of accessories, a woman can always add a special charm to her visual image. A colored scarf (but not colorful), a brooch, a curly hairpin, an original belt, an elegant handbag - these and other simple details of a woman’s toilet give her appearance individuality. It is noteworthy that this does not require any significant material costs. The accessories themselves lend themselves to numerous combinations. You can have two scarves or neckerchiefs in your purse, changing them during the working day. It seems that nothing is simpler, but the effect is obvious. The novelty that has appeared in the appearance of a woman will not go unnoticed.
A very important element in the visual image is makeup. Makeup is decorative cosmetics, the tactical purpose of which is to give the face aesthetics and attractiveness.
The choice of makeup depends on the hair color. In creating feminine charm, this determines the “zest” effect. Hair makes us attractive not on its own (although a similar effect is not excluded), but in combination with a hairstyle. Exactly hairstyle makes a woman attractive and gives a man character. Hairstyle is chosen
ü taking into account the figure;
ü taking into account the type of face;
ü taking into account the shape of the head.
Image is an external reflection of a human image, a visually expressive “slice” of his personal characteristics. Image building is about creating an attractive image. Making yourself is the most difficult work, but, of course, it is of interest to every person.
Body image
· Psychological characteristics of the body
Habits
· Human gait and posture
· Facial expressions and gaze
Each person has his own individual bodily constitution. Psychologists in their studies have discovered a certain connection between one or another constitution and the psychological characteristics of an individual.
Our body, independently of us, signals to others what is happening to us. Either everything is fine with us - straight posture, smooth gait, head raised, or we are afraid of something - a hunched back, a small, mincing step, head down. Body language conveys much more information about us, whether we like it or not. For our part, we can learn to understand this language and use it purposefully.
If you are embarrassed about your body or are too critical of it, this attitude will affect your overall image. After all, your body is ultimately visible to everyone. And under the gaze of others you are unlikely to feel comfortable. If you have a positive body image, if you accept your body as it is, then your overall image will benefit in many ways.
To improve your body image, you need to work hard on your body. Remember that your body is constantly “having a conversation”, and the success of the image you create depends on how you use body and facial language.
We must remember that our posture and emotional reactions are controlled by habits, that is, they “work” automatically. For example, a person prone to depression slouches, moves sluggishly, and apathetically. And due to the fact that his expression of depression does not go away for years, characteristic, easily recognizable features appear. A cheerful person who smiles endlessly will have “laughter lines” on his face and move more energetically, confidently, and stand up straight.
One area of therapy, bioenergetics, developed by Alexander Lowen and based on the work of unconventional therapist Wilhelm Reitsch, argues that certain emotions are “stored” in certain parts of the body, creating a kind of protective shell. The jaw can accumulate misfortune, the chest can accumulate neglect, the shoulders can accumulate too much responsibility. People express these accumulated emotions through tension and loss of mobility of the relevant parts of the body.
Sometimes a physical habit can be a reflection of the “past you” rather than the “present you.” Perhaps there was a period in a person’s life when failure literally followed him for several years. Over time, everything changed for the better. But if a person does not make special conscious efforts, body language will bear the stamp of former depression.
Each person uses his face and body very individually, with his own characteristics. When imitative actors perform on television, the objects of imitation are easily recognized and without comment. Imitators notice people's physical habits and parody them.
When we "read" each other, body language is the most fertile source for discovery. People react very strongly to it, and not always consciously. When someone's word and voice do not inspire confidence, it is body language that allows the final decision to be made about the person. Based on your physical appearance, others can easily determine how tense or relaxed you are.
It is very important to remember posture. We often associate the word “posture” with old-fashioned classrooms that taught manners. In reality, posture reflects much of who you are: how you feel about yourself, how life treats you, and how you feel in a particular situation. Having good posture does not mean being upright. We are talking about the natural position of the head and the position of the spine when the body is not tense or constrained.
You can change your posture by identifying habits that can send signals that are detrimental to your image.
When communicating, we usually look at head or neck each other. The back of the neck is an extremely common area of tension.
Shoulders are also a point of tension for many people; at the same time they look slightly raised and moved forward. If you are one of these people, we recommend that you tell yourself whenever the opportunity presents itself: “shoulders down and forward.” Situations are especially suitable for this when you are eating on a train, walking down the street, or driving a car. Reacting to this command should become a habit. Shoulders are very important for “shaping an image” - it is no coincidence that false shoulders are used in clothes, giving people visible importance. The shoulders serve as the “hanger” on which the rest of the body rests.
The shoulders are a significant part of the body, and tension from them can quickly spread to the forearms, hands, and fingers. This is why many of us are unable to stand with relaxed arms: we drum our fingers on the table, clench our hands into fists. Watch carefully TV speakers and you will learn to recognize tense shoulders.
When characterizing movements, we talk about the speed, direction and posture of the mover. If you feel uncomfortable in a situation, your movements will tend to be quick and jerky as you try to escape the situation.
We move often and quickly even when we think we are being bored. Slow, heavy movements can indicate indecision and lack of energy.
If you are satisfied with your body and feel relaxed, your movements will be energetic and smooth; you will not fuss and twitch, you will strive to take up more space. Many of us have a characteristic gait in which movement is directed by a specific part of the body.
Gait – This is a kind of personality cartogram. Its components are rhythm, stride dynamics and body weight. All these data appear with greater or lesser differences in different people. By gait you can judge a person’s well-being, his age and character. You can select six main types of gaits different people.
1. Confident man walks quickly, swings his arms, has a clear goal and is ready to realize it.
2. Critical and secretive, suppressive person keeps his hands in his pockets even in warm weather.
3. A person who is depressed drags his feet and, as a rule, looks at his feet, his hands are in motion or are in his pockets.
4. A person experiencing a burst of energy walks with his arms akimbo, as if he intends to reach his goal by the shortest route.
5. Concerned man walks in a “thinker” pose, head lowered, hands clasped behind his back.
6. Arrogant man raises his chin high, his arms move with emphatic energy, his legs look like wood, his style is the pacing of a leader.
The most expressive component of the image is face - our mirror. In popular scientific literature there is a unanimous recognition that it reflects a person’s physical and spiritual state, character and even the principles that guide his behavior.
People tend to view faces with a certain amount of prejudice. We judge people by their facial characteristics until we get to know them better: we find thick lips sensual, thin lips ordinary, a high forehead as evidence of intelligence, and small eyes as a sign of dishonor. However, the expression of our face characterizes our personality much more accurately than its features.
The rate at which facial expressions change depends on many factors: the individual psychological characteristics of the individual, the level of his culture and even gender. If you are reluctant to express your feelings, then your face will not be particularly mobile.
To be able to withstand life's trials with dignity, you need to accustom yourself to restraint in expressing emotions with the help of facial expressions. You should master at least six basic facial expressions: pragmatic, decisive, open, closed, cautious and shy. For some professions, such as police or military, showing emotion in emergency situations is detrimental to their work. Therefore, officers of these services develop the skill of keeping their upper lip literally in a “numb” state in order to hide their emotions behind a stony face.
We all have to mask our faces to one degree or another, and if the “mask” we usually wear expresses concern or irritability, then the attitude of others towards us will be corresponding.
You can tell a lot about a person by the way he smiles. A smiling face often arouses affection towards its owner. A serious face is more effective at deflecting potential confrontation than a gloomy one. And no matter how well brought up you are, you will not be able to smile if you are experiencing physical pain or some kind of mental suffering.
Imageology specialists distinguish three zones on the face: upper (forehead), middle (eyebrows, nose, eyes, lips) and lower (chin). Of particular importance are the eyes, which have the ability to self-presentation - glance. We have already talked about visual contact in previous chapters, but now we will focus on the role of the gaze that it plays in self-presentation.
If you want to present yourself as a confident, sincere and receptive person, be sure to establish constant and direct visual contact with your partners.
There are situations when a person does not look at the interlocutor. There may be several reasons for this. Firstly, it is possible that he simply does not like the interlocutor. In any group, everyone will look at the most famous and respected person present more often than at other people. Secondly It is possible that the one who does not look at the interlocutor is simply timid, and avoiding eye contact is nothing more than a manifestation of nervousness. Third, he may consider his status higher than that of his communication partner and therefore is in no hurry to “notice” him. Fourth, the person finds his interlocutor very attractive and, fearing to give himself away with wide open eyes, prefers not to look at him.
Without seeing a person's eyes, we are at a disadvantage because without visual contact it is difficult to form a correct picture of him. Movie and show business stars often wear dark glasses, not wanting to be recognized. And since we do not see their eyes, this only enhances the aura of mystery and increases their status.
It is also important to choose the right “dose” of visual contact. If a passenger sitting opposite you on a bus or tram keeps looking at you, you feel uneasy. It seems that he is trying to overwhelm you by deliberately demonstrating his superiority. If your eyes scan the faces of others too quickly, they may feel some tension.
The habit of avoiding eye contact, due to shyness, is acquired very easily. But if it begins to control your behavior, this is bad: a person who enters a room and does not look at those present will find it very difficult to establish any contact with them. Therefore, you need to master special exercises that help get rid of difficulties in this area.
I would like to complete the conversation about body image with the words of L.N. Tolstoy, according to whom the beauty of bodily forms always coincides with the concept of active life energy. In order to learn to control your body, you do not need to have any special physical characteristics. It is important to want and be able to do this.
Behavior patterns
· Typology of behavior patterns
· Etiquette and strategic behavior patterns
· Behavior model selection criteria
In our lives there are always certain stable parameters of behavior.
So, some people get up in the morning and start the day with physical exercise. During the day we perform a number of the same actions. Thus, there is a specific set of everyday behaviors. This does not exclude the “wedging” into them of some other behavior patterns determined by the specific situation.
Model(French modele) is a sample. The choice of behavior model does not imply any insensitive standardization of human actions, i.e. lack of a lively temperament, originality of thinking, originality, and habits. The choice of a behavior model is the reproduction of such options that, in everyday communication, help a person become sociable and, therefore, attractive.
In the typology of behavioral models, it is possible to distinguish behavioral models in official communication and unofficial(family, companionship, household). Behavior patterns may be active(aggressive) and passive(defensive) nature.
The business sphere is the most diverse sphere of communication. Its characteristic feature is that in it all subjects of communication appear in official statuses, which inevitably determine the choice of their behavior patterns. As a result, its participants are focused on achieving some kind of business effect.
The great Goethe said that behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows themselves. And not only shows. There is a kind of talent for peering into this mirror, sensitively capturing the attitude of others from it. This is one of the secrets of imagery. Everyone learns the patterns of behavior that bring success. The more objective the idea of your behavior, based on people’s reactions, the more effective the strategy and tactics of this behavior will be.
In everyday life, we perceive the behavior of another person as a holistic image. When expressing our position, we do it simultaneously through a variety of means. Thus, wanting to show sympathy for a person, we, as a rule, not only tell him about our feelings, but also convey them in soft intonations of the voice, in a friendly look. This complex of signs forms model or, as psychologists say, pattern behavior. The model is perceived as a single whole.
The integrity of the model is violated when its constituent elements contradict each other; for example, sad news that is spoken of with an ironic intonation.
In practice, each behavior model is embodied differently in different people. Most behavior patterns in everyday life are not the object of special study, but among the many models there are those that are comprehended by people and become the subject of special study. This label models(prescriptions) and strategic models.
Label models characteristic of every profession. For example, the ethical attitudes required towards an enemy and a diplomat differ. If we thoroughly know the ethical requirements, then the question arises: how to achieve this standard, by what means? The answer to this question is given by the strategic model .
Strategic models are actually recommendations on how to behave in order to achieve a particular goal. We invent a certain strategy of behavior, think about what words to say to our interlocutor in order to convince him that we are right, how to show him a readiness to cooperate, how to win his sympathy, etc.
The need to invent behavioral strategies is due to problems that arise in the process of communication. The effectiveness of the communication process depends on many factors of human nature. These include the psychophysical characteristics of a person, his mental characteristics, character traits and attitudes. Some factors are obvious and we take them into account automatically, while others require special consideration. It is much more difficult to identify and take into account the influence of a person’s internal positions on his behavior with a particular partner.
Let's consider one of the most important points underlying many strategies - the communication partner's attitude towards himself. This is necessary because there are many difficulties hidden in the level of self-esteem, in the relationship between self-esteem and the assessment of others. For example, if a person notices from the gestures of others that their feelings do not correspond to his ideas, then he becomes upset. Patterns of behavior appear to protect one's own self, the so-called defense mechanisms.
These reactions interfere with mutual understanding and interaction. In order not to make a partner feel threatened and not provoke him into psychological defense, we need to help the person understand how we perceive his actions. And here plays a huge role Feedback. Feedback - this is the information that we provide to others and which contains our reaction to their behavior.
Your opinion about your partner should be expressed in such a way as not to cause feelings of resentment, indignation and protest in him and the person with whom he shares his observations and assessments. This is especially important if we are dealing with a person who is internally immature, extremely insecure, and has a hard time taking any criticism. It should be borne in mind that not only those who suffer from “complexes” require careful, tactful handling. Everyone, even a completely self-confident person, needs confirmation of their own importance in the eyes of others. Nothing is more painfully experienced than disrespect for an individual and an insult to self-esteem.
On the contrary, feedback that captures a person’s positive qualities has enormous positive potential.
Only by recognizing the positive inclinations inherent in him, believing in the possibility of their development, can a person respect himself and strive for further self-improvement. Expressing a feeling of sympathy, recognizing a person’s merits and merits, as a rule, evokes in him reciprocal sympathy, the mood to continue communication, to meet the wishes of the interlocutor. In this case, if we truly respect and value the other person, then expressing such feelings is not only morally justified, but also desirable for both partners.
But if psychological support is provided only in order to obtain a one-sided benefit (it becomes a means of manipulating the consciousness and behavior of another person), then the moral assessment will certainly be negative.
The advice of D. Carnegie, formulated by him in the book “How to Win Friends and Influence People,” became very popular in our country, as well as in the USA, the author’s homeland. Most of D. Carnegie’s recommendations are based on a person’s need for self-esteem, respect from the interlocutor, and attention to his needs.
The end result, for which D. Carnegie suggests using his recommendations, comes down to extracting the maximum benefit from communication. As the most powerful arguments in favor of his advice, D. Carnegie says that with their help you can get monetary profit, conclude lucrative contracts, and make a successful career. Some of our compatriots, having read the advice of D. Carnegie, did not understand his main idea, believing that they are not applicable in our society, since they teach hypocrisy and hypocrisy.
This is, of course, not true. This model itself does not carry any manipulative connotations. It can also be used for partnership interaction, when both parties receive a positive effect from communication. Basically all the advice is based on common sense. In addition, the vivid form of presentation and many real-life examples make D. Carnegie’s book attractive and useful in many respects.
Another important psychological idea which underlies the strategic model is the idea of the need self-submission, self-presentation. The communication partner acts in accordance with his plans, based on his definition of the situation. In order for communication to proceed according to the desired plan, each of its communication participants must “present themselves” in accordance with their plan.
We carry out self-presentation consciously or unconsciously, directly or indirectly. For example, we can do this directly by naming our status, country or city where we came from, and marital status when meeting a person. Self-presentation can also be carried out indirectly, with the help of hints and statements (“the last time I was in Paris...”), a costume, emphatically elegant or careless, certain manners and attributes.
Self-presentation in professional communication is extremely important.
We should not forget that when choosing a model of behavior, we depend not so much on ourselves, but on many external circumstances. This does not relieve us from personal responsibility for our behavior.
What are Criterias of choice behavior patterns?
1. Moral integrity. Despite our tendency to subjectively interpret morality in society, there are generally accepted approaches to explaining such concepts as honesty, justice and conscience.
2. Compliance with the law and the established order in society. One of the tenets of ancient Roman law said: “Man is a sacred thing.” Any encroachment on him was unacceptable. Since it came from the people themselves, they were ordered to build their relationships in strict accordance with the spirit and letter of the law.
H. Taking into account the specific situation, in which a person acts or finds himself by coincidence of circumstances.
4. Purpose, which the individual sets for himself.
5. Self-critical assessment own capabilities to use a specific behavior model.
Any copying of someone else's style is very dangerous. Thus, a person with external defects cannot imitate beautiful movie characters or famous people - it will look unnatural and ridiculous.
6. Gender of the individual. Recommended show those qualities which are expected of either women or men. Thus, men value in a woman not only external attractiveness, but also a certain touch of eroticism. Women, knowing such programming of the male psyche, cannot help but take this into account. In turn, men should not forget that women consider their most attractive qualities not only intellectual originality and spiritual nobility, but also purely masculine strength and charm.
Women and men have enormous opportunities for non-standard choice of behavior patterns, bringing their natural charm into communication, but they often forget about this.
Women are usually in a more difficult position. After all, many men are reluctant to accept their leadership and are not at all impartial about their professional abilities. As a rule, in order for a woman to achieve at least half of what men achieve, she needs to know and be able to do twice as much. At the same time, men should be warned against inflated self-esteem. According to management experts, there is a critical shortage of male leaders in the United States today. Other countries are also testing it.
Skillful use of criteria for choosing behavior models, together with skillful entry into one’s life roles, is one of the most important provisions of imageology.
Date added: 2016-11-02
Success in business depends on the competence of a business person, his professionalism, hard work and many, many other factors. Some of them influence the achievement of the desired result directly and directly - knowledge of the matter, experience, but we are not talking about them now. Indirect factors also influence success, and business man appearance- precisely the factor that determines the effectiveness of business connections, success in business contacts, contributes to the creation of the necessary working atmosphere and influences a person’s image.
The appearance of a business person begins with health
In order to add charm to your appearance, you first need to realize that it starts with health. It's hard to overstate the importance of eating right, exercising, and taking care of yourself. All this is especially important in youth. While you are young, you can lack sleep, eat dry food, neglect exercise, not think about the dangers of smoking - and you can get away with all this. Unfortunately, with age, the consequences will definitely make themselves felt. If you take care of yourself from an early age, you will always look younger than you really are, you will be slim and fit. It is always pleasant to look at a slender, fit person with correct posture: easy gait, straightened shoulders, head held high. And a completely different impression is made by people with poor posture - stooped, with shoulder blades protruding backwards and a protruding stomach.
Many people say that their busy schedule prevents them from signing up for a sports class or going to the swimming pool. Due to the lack of sports activity, their performance will only decline, time will become less and less, which will further increase stress... to break out of this vicious circle, there is only one thing to do - carve out a couple of hours by reducing the workload at work and go to a sports hall or pool. Very soon, increased performance will make up for the time spent on a healthy lifestyle. And the bonus will be attractiveness and a feeling of health in your own body.
Ability to dress ( business man style) - the same art as any other
Clothing should serve you, should help you achieve your goals. Always ask yourself, “Does this style get me closer to where I want to be?” Whether you look tastefully dressed or not depends on your goals. If you want to be a rock singer, don't dress like a monk - unless being deliberately asexual is a fashion statement. If your goal is to become the president of a conservative accounting firm, you will have to remove your eyebrow earring and hide your tattoos.
“Speaks for him before he says a word,” says the famous American journalist Ariel Ford knowledgeably. It was thanks to her that some top-rated authors became famous. According to her, what an author says when appearing on a television show will not affect the sales of his books. It all depends only on whether the audience likes it or not - this is closely related to the aesthetics of the appearance.
Appearance at an interview is extremely important, this axiom does not require special proof. Do not doubt that your appearance conveys to the employer no less (if not more) important information than your resume, diplomas, characteristics and other papers. Keep in mind that every manager, before inviting any employee to work, has already created an image in his head of the employee he needs. It's not so much about your external natural data, but about how much respect you have for yourself, which, undoubtedly, is reflected in your appearance, down to the smallest detail.
Call the HR department of any company in the world and ask if they take into account person's appearance when hiring him. I bet you will be given a negative answer. But data from independent experiments suggests that managers are much more dependent on the beauty of their subordinates than they want to appear.
In 2005, research data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis was published. Experts from such a respected organization said that beautiful people earn five percent more than their less attractive colleagues. It has been established that such “injustice” occurs in all areas of human activity, but it is especially noticeable in those professions that are most dependent on communication with colleagues or clients.
Reading Jack Canfield's book The Rules achieving success“, I came across such an interesting story about an ordinary bank employee. In one New York bank there was such a guy, he worked as an ordinary manager, but unlike others, he dressed like a director. All the managers were wearing simple, worn shirts, and he was wearing a good suit. Moreover, he did not stand out in any way; he worked exactly the same as the others. A year later he became the general manager, and after another 2 years he was appointed director of the bank. And why all? He dressed and acted like a director. To learn how to behave correctly in such an environment, you need to be confident, and confidence largely depends on your appearance.
Dress like who you want to be, not who you are. Everything, including the way you dress, should have a purpose. Since you must wear clothes, make sure they ensure your superiority. Clothes not only tell people who you are, but also reflect your aspirations.
Appearance of a business man In addition to clothing, even such little things as the whiteness of a smile, hairstyle, facial hair on a man, makeup on a woman’s face, well-groomed hands, skin color, jewelry and accessories, etc. are created. Taking care of yourself is not at all difficult, it’s just that not everyone pays due attention to it.
You make a lot of things in life dependent on your appearance. This is both the efficiency of your activities and career advancement, and winning the sympathy of others. First impression about you, your professional qualities, temperament, character, education and attitude towards others, most often shapes your appearance. Therefore, if you are not serious about how you look and what you wear, it is time to reconsider your views on this significant point and change your appearance.
« Only the most undiscerning people do not judge by appearance." Wilde O.
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Many of us have never thought about what a “business person” is. Ask someone you know to give an accurate and complete definition of this concept, and you will see that most people will find it difficult to answer this seemingly simple question.
But if you ask about what a business person should look like, the overwhelming number of answers will begin like this: “This is a man in a suit.” Of course, politeness, a neat, smart appearance, and many other factors will be mentioned. But the main, integral attribute of his appearance will almost unanimously and without hesitation be called a suit.
It is safe to say that it has become the “work clothes” of a business person. In it, business people sit down at the negotiating table, pay visits, it is customary to go to a restaurant in it, and so on - it’s impossible to list everything!
We can say that a suit is a person’s “calling card”. After all, first of all, they look at how a person is dressed. Very often, the first impression remains in the memory of people we meet for a long time. Therefore, neglecting your appearance is an unforgivable mistake. It will be difficult for you to change the image that a person created when he first met you.
For example, neatness and smartness in clothing are very often associated with organization in work, with the ability to value one’s own and other people’s time. And, conversely, laxity is a synonym for fussiness, forgetfulness, that is, qualities that are usually regarded negatively when communicating with people.
It has long been the custom that men dominate everywhere: they lead regions, are directors of enterprises, and production managers. What about the woman? She provides support and takes care of the family. However, the wife, mother and housewife begins to understand that she is missing something, she cannot realize all the creative potential inherent in her. In no country in the world has the eternal dispute about the right of women to participate in the public and state life of the country on an equal basis with men been resolved naturally through formal voting or distribution of responsibilities.
You can recognize a future businesswoman at school: she is a capable girl, but, according to teachers, sometimes with hooligan habits. But in fact, she is simply protesting against school drill, fighting for her freedom, striving for knowledge and power at the same time. She often behaves like a boy, because already in adolescence she is oppressed by the difference in requirements for the two sexes. She proves her right not to be a good girl, as is often required of girls at school. And studying comes easily to her, even if she sometimes doesn’t learn her lessons. The first difficulties appear at the institute.
Often the selection committee acts, as they say, on the basis of gender: girls are given less preference in exams than boys. As one old professor said, there is no need to waste time on young ladies. After graduation, they will still marry wealthy men, will not work, and will take care of the house and children. Only young men can be raised to be true scientists, and it is not a pity to waste time and effort on them.
But the future businesswoman is not at all going to limit herself to diapers and the kitchen! However, you cannot convince teachers, and therefore it is sometimes more difficult for a girl to go to college than for a boy. Especially where there are few young men or where the specialty is initially considered “male”. And if such a girl nevertheless makes her way and enrolls, then you can be sure: in terms of intellectual abilities, she is much higher than those young men who were accepted with her.
In the past, such girls became Komsomol leaders, but now they are starting to break into business from their student days. They confidently move towards their intended goal - the boss’s chair.
1. Image is the path to success
“You're greeted by your clothes” goes the old saying, because the clothes you wear may not make you easily recognizable, but they speak volumes nonetheless. The choices you make when creating your own image shape a certain opinion about what you think about yourself. People form their opinion about you within the first few seconds just by looking at you. It is very important what first impression you make.
If you know that you are well dressed, well-combed, and in reasonable physical shape, then you will positively radiate confidence.
“Although from time to time each woman feels that she has to work in a “man’s world,” this does not mean that she needs to dress the same as men.” Fortunately, with the help of accessories, even a formal suit can be made uniquely feminine. By showing a creative approach, every woman can always give her appearance softness and make it purely individual.
It is very important that the item fits well - it is better to let it be a little looser than too tight, because if the item is too small for you, it will certainly wrinkle.
“When choosing a minimal wardrobe for all occasions, a woman should take into account color combinations so that she can vary the various details of her clothing. You just need to carefully select the two basic colors that suit you best, and it becomes possible to create up to forty combinations with only about a dozen things on hand.”
The secret of good taste lies in the choice of clothing accessories, because they provide an opportunity to express your “I”. With the help of accessories, you can change the same suit, adapting it for different seasons and occasions. Having found her individual look, a woman can vary it with the help of belts, jewelry, scarves, lace collars or moderate use of artificial flowers.
As for jewelry, good taste should not depend on what is currently fashionable and what is not. Jewelry should highlight a woman's appearance without drawing attention to herself. Good taste comes from skillfully using a few great-looking pieces of jewelry. The basic rule is to get rid of anything that is too shiny, that wobbles, that flickers in the light, that rings or makes noise, or that distracts attention from your face and what you are saying.
As for shoes, most women involved in business circles or engaged in some other fields of activity like simple pumps, but we should not forget that shoes with perforated patterns on the toe and sides and stacked heels also look good. Shoes of bright or variegated colors and heels of unusual shapes are unacceptable.
Makeup has only one purpose: it is designed to help show a woman her natural beauty. It should emphasize the advantages and slightly obscure the shortcomings. It should not attract attention, but at the same time it should match the color of the skin, hair, eyes - in short, it should present the woman in the best possible way, but it must be borne in mind that makeup is a purely individual thing, and the technique of applying it, in in particular, depends on the relief and contours of the face.
Hairstyle plays an important role in a woman’s appearance, so hair should frame the face in a dignified manner, but should not dominate a woman’s appearance, obscure attractive features or attract undeserved attention, because hairstyle should give shape to the head, creating a soft, natural, attractive background for facial features.
Having once found an attractive style, a woman can stick to it for at least several years, while appearing in a new guise every day.
The appearance of a business person is the first step to success, since for a potential partner his suit serves as a code indicating the degree of reliability and respectability
Neat, tastefully dressed, smart - this is the appearance of a business person who is favorably perceived by surrounding partners and clients. And the point here is not some kind of sophistication of taste, but the fact that the appearance of such a person testifies to his respect for people.
Nowadays, many men take the advice of fashion designers into account. The fundamental principles when putting together a wardrobe, in their opinion, should be the versatility of clothing. If you have a lot of things in your wardrobe that are rarely used, then your wardrobe is not built correctly.
Oddly enough, the modern business world is conservative when it comes to fashion. During working hours, it is customary to wear lighter suits than at receptions, and the tones of suits in the summer should be lighter than in the winter. Suits in bright colors, as a rule, are not worn during working hours.
The shirt is also chosen in light colors, often white. The color of the tie is also important. There is a rule that the tie should be the same tone as the shirt and suit, but lighter or darker, or the suit and tie should be in contrasting colors.
In a business setting, it is not recommended to wear short-sleeved shirts, as it is considered elegant to have the cuffs of the shirt visible under the sleeves of the jacket (about two centimeters). Although, of course, in very hot weather you will look more natural in a short-sleeved shirt than in a suit, constantly wiping the sweat from your face.
2. The appearance of a woman
For a woman who wants to succeed, it is very important to remember her appearance, moreover, to put it at the service of business. First of all, about clothes. Business clothes are distinguished by classic cut, discreet colors, and versatility. Evening dresses made of sexy chiffon and luxurious trouser suits with patterns reminiscent of impressionist paintings are quite suitable for parties and cocktails, but appearing in such outfits at work means ruining your career.
All over the world, the main clothing for work is a suit. You can only afford a dress in hot weather and only in a plain color.
A business woman's wardrobe should have two or three skirts, jackets, and two or three blouses. It is advisable to change clothes often, because the same thing, worn every day, gets boring and “quenches” your mood.
You cannot shorten your skirt excessively, blindly obeying fashion. Also, you should not wear things that emphasize your attractiveness (tight sweaters, jeans). It may turn out that men, instead of listening to you in negotiations, will consider your merits. In addition, they may get the impression that you are primarily asking to be convinced of the beauty of your figure, and not of your business qualities.
Hairstyle, makeup, jewelry should organically complement a business suit. The hairstyle should be strict, but at the same time elegant. There should be as little jewelry as possible, but at the same time, you can’t give them up altogether. It is better to wear expensive jewelry. Cosmetics should only be noticeable at close range. Experts recommend buying more preventive cosmetics than decorative ones. Perfume should be used in such quantity that its smell is barely perceptible. And, of course, it must be a good perfume.
But most importantly- this is your individuality. It's not about how you dress, but how you feel. If you smile and listen carefully to your interlocutor, and don’t go overboard with little feminine tricks like “playing with the eyes” or “accidentally” exposing your knee, success is guaranteed. However, sometimes women’s tricks don’t hurt. But everything is in moderation.
Women at receptions and business meetings should adhere to strict lines and soft colors.
Shoes For receptions, wear leather or suede shoes, with any comfortable heels; for evening receptions, wear evening shoes.
Gloves: The shorter the sleeve of the evening dress, the longer the gloves.
Handbag: for daytime receptions - leather, for evening - a small one made of brocade or suede.
The color and density of the material should correspond to the season, as well as the occasion for which the reception is being held. In summer, thinner and lighter materials are used, in winter, darker and denser ones.
3. The appearance of a man
In our country, for a long time, wearing a tie or suit was considered the prerogative of large officials of the party apparatus and top bosses. If a suit was worn by a simpler person, then it was considered almost shameful; They were often contemptuously called “intellectual”, “bourgeois”.
This attitude towards the suit was formed by several generations who treated this type of clothing with distrust, and often simply never wore it.
Breaking false stereotypes, I would like to consider all aspects and rules of wearing a suit, starting with the most basic and general principles and ending with the standards now accepted in most developed countries.
Don't be surprised if some of the truths given here seem elementary to you - after all, there are people who don't know this!
The norms that should be adhered to are arranged in order of “complication” - from the simplest rules that apply in general to the entire suit, to its details - tie, shirt, etc.
By dressing according to the proposed rules, you will never lose in appearance to those who are dressed “in fashion.”
Rule 1. Never wear a suit and sports shoes at the same time.
The fact is that these are things that are incompatible in their purpose. Sports shoes cannot be used together with clothing that no one ever wears for sports. There is a combination of incompatible things.
Rule 2 . When wearing a suit, do not take a sports bag.
It is advisable to carry papers and necessary things in a suitcase, briefcase or folder. If the need arises, choose a plain bag, without bright patterns or stickers, preferably a dark color.
Rule 3: If you wear a suit, always wear a tie.
A tie is required for a suit. A business suit cannot be worn without a tie. Exceptions to this rule are sports jackets, which can even be worn over a T-shirt. But such jackets are practically not used in business communication.
It is completely unacceptable to wear double-breasted jackets without a tie. It's like wearing suspenders without pants.
Rule 4. A shirt worn with a suit must have long sleeves.
Wearing short-sleeved shirts in a business setting is not recommended, since it is considered elegant if the cuffs of the shirt are visible from under the sleeves of the jacket by about 1.5–2 centimeters.
Rule 5. Do not allow the end of the tie to be visible, protruding from behind its front part.
The best way to keep the protruding end from being visible is to thread it through the loop, which is almost always found on the back of the front of the tie. It often happens that the tie is too long, and the long end comes out from under the front part from the bottom. This should also not be allowed; it should be put away in a shirt.
Rule 6. Don't stand out with your clothes during working hours.
This is one of the basic rules. In everyday conversation, a discreet suit is considered good manners.
There are several points that make up this rule.
a) Don't wear suits that are too light. The most common suit colors for each occasion are navy blue and charcoal gray.
b) Do not wear colorful or dark shirts.
c) Choose ties that are not too bright and without flashy patterns.
d) Wear dark-colored socks.
Rule 7 . If you don't know which shoes or shirt to choose, then choose a white shirt and black shoes.
Following this rule. You can't go wrong in choosing the color scheme. Black shoes and a white shirt can, in principle, be worn with suits of any color. If you have any doubts about the correctness of your choice, know: by following this rule, you will almost certainly win.
Rule 8. When tied, the tie should touch the lower end of the belt buckle.
This rule helps you look as elegant as possible. A tie tied very short looks funny, and a tie that is too long makes the suit look out of proportion.
Rule 9. The width of the tie should be commensurate with the width of the lapels of the jacket.
The fact is that the element of a business suit that is most susceptible to the whims of fashion is a tie. Fashion rarely changes the very principle of a tie, but quite often affects its color and width.
The width of the tie changes periodically according to fashion requirements. Therefore, before putting on a suit and choosing a tie, carefully ensure that the width of the tie does not in any way exceed the width of the lapels, and, accordingly, that the tie is not too narrow.
Rule 10. The tie should be lighter than the suit and darker than the shirt.
This is also one of the basic rules. The best color scheme is achieved when the tie is the same color as the jacket, but lighter than it and darker than the shirt.
In order to follow these rules, you don’t need to put in a lot of effort - it’s quite simple. But it also happens: a person knows all these rules, and his suit is beautiful, but it doesn’t look good, no matter how you look at it. Most often, the reason for this situation is the wrong color of a tie, shoes or shirt. In order to avoid this, I provide a table of color compatibility of costume elements.
| Suit tone | Shirt | Tie | Shoes | Socks |
| Grey | White, light blue | Any color | Black | Matching tie, black |
| Dark grey | White, light pink | Transitional, red-black. | Black | Black |
| Dark blue | White | Maroon, white, blue and red stripes | Black | Maroon, dark. blue |
| Black | White | Silver-gray, red-black | Black | Black, light gray, dark purple |
| Dark brown | White, beige, light pink | Green-brown stripes or pattern, red-black, transitional | Brown | Brown, burgundy |
| Light brown | White, light pink, light brown | Green, burgundy, transitional | Coffee | Bordeaux, light brown |
| Sand | Light blue, pink | Dark blue, motley | Light brown | Light blue, light brown |
| Dark green | Ivory, light pink | Brown, red and green stripes (pattern) | Dark brown | Dark brown |
| Dark blue | White, ivory | White, blue and red stripes, motley | Dark brown | Grey, burgundy |
These are 10 basic rules. They must be adhered to in order to look elegant and tasteful.
I would like to dwell in a little more detail on a seemingly simple question - how to wear a suit?
Here are some simple tips:
1) Wear light suits during the day, but in the evening give preference to dark suits.
2) In a formal setting, the jacket is buttoned.
You can completely unbutton your jacket buttons while having dinner or while sitting in theater chairs. When getting up, you need to fasten your jacket with the top button.
3) Have two handkerchiefs with you. The first one – “working” – is located in the trouser pocket; it is used for its intended purpose. The second one is always absolutely clean - in the inner pocket of the jacket. It is designed to wipe glasses, remove specks that have gotten into the eye, etc.
4) A bow tie, used at formal occasions or major holidays, is only worn with dark suits.
conclusions
It must be remembered that there are no trifles in business relationships. The clothes and behavior of a business person are his calling card.
You don't have to wear a trendy suit. It is important that the suit is in good condition, not hanging like a bag, and the trousers should not resemble a greasy old accordion. The costume must be in place and at the right time. If negotiations with partners are scheduled for daytime, a light suit will do. Pants and jacket can be of different colors. But if negotiations take place in the evening, the suit should be dark, the shirt should be fresh and well ironed, the tie should not be flashy, and the shoes should be cleaned.
The elegance of a business man is determined by his shirt, tie and shoes, not by the number of suits he owns.
Women should stick to strict lines and soft colors at business meetings. Hairstyle, makeup, and jewelry should organically complement a business suit. For receptions and dinners after 20.00 evening dresses are worn - more elegant and open. But the most important thing is your individuality.
Success in business depends on the competence of a business person, his professionalism, hard work and many, many other factors. Some of them influence the achievement of the desired result directly and directly - knowledge of the matter, experience, but we are not talking about them now. Indirect factors also influence success, and it is precisely the factor that determines the effectiveness of business relations, success in business contacts, contributes to the creation of the necessary working atmosphere and influences a person’s image.
Appearance- This is a person’s calling card. Every self-respecting person considers it his duty to take care of his appearance and certainly cares about the impression he makes on everyone around him. This state of affairs seems absolutely true and correct, because there are certain criteria by which appearance is assessed. And for successful career advancement, it is simply necessary to create a certain image that corresponds to the position that a person occupies in society. Otherwise, no matter how qualified and experienced the employee is, he will not be able to advance highly in his career.
Why? Because a person in a society must accept the laws adopted in that particular society. And taking care of your image is one of the rules, compliance with which is a guarantee of success.
Dress like who you want to be, not who you are. Everything, including the way you dress, should have a purpose. Since you must wear clothes, make sure they ensure your superiority. Clothes not only tell people who you are, but also reflect your aspirations.
Clothing as a means to success has always been a part of business life. Business is largely built on visual images. Your appearance is your Brand.
Most people seeking to make a dizzying career are guided by the opinions and actions of others, those who have already managed to achieve success in the business field. Of course, this is the most reasonable approach, since this is how you can choose the right model of behavior. For a long time, numerous studies have been conducted on how clothes and the appearance of the interlocutor influence people. It is no coincidence that since ancient times there has been a proverb: “They meet you by their clothes, they see you off by their mind.”
And all the results of studies conducted on the basis of surveys of various people show that a sloppy appearance, clothing that is not suitable for a strictly defined occasion, causes others to dislike this or that person. Subconsciously, when assessing such an interlocutor or employee, people have the opinion that his mental and business abilities are at the same low level as his appearance.
In addition, the negative impression is aggravated by the fact that others do not understand how a sane, self-respecting person can pay such little attention to his own appearance. In this case, it seems that the person himself treats himself with disdain, and if so, then, of course, others will treat him the same way.
Obviously, in addition to clothing, the manner of carrying oneself, which includes even seemingly insignificant little things, such as gestures, movements, and voice, is of no small importance for creating the necessary image. Every gesture and movement can be interpreted by the interlocutor as a manifestation of weakness, uncertainty, or, what is much worse, as a manifestation of disrespect for others. The image of a business and successful person is, first of all, self-confidence, one’s best qualities and virtues.
Increasingly, we come to the conclusion that the formation of our own image is an integral part of successful self-realization. Within five seconds, you present yourself either the way you want, or the way your interlocutor sees you. If you are interested in creating the impression of a high-status professional who can be trusted and is worth a lot, then you must learn how to create an appropriate image.
How to “make” your image work for yourself?
The path to business success is a strict correspondence between your business image and your profession. Sometimes it is more difficult for a woman to form the image of a business person than for a man. The color scheme of a woman’s business style should not exceed 4 colors. 2-3 colors are considered the best, and with 4, two of them should be close in tone. The business style is based on multifunctional colors: black, dark blue, white, gray, beige. Then restrained, little emotional: brown, burgundy, gray-blue, sea green, bottle, emerald, mustard, sand, dark purple. Pastel colors predominate in light shades: all shades of beige, purple, blue, gold, etc.
The main task of the color scheme in business style clothing is to create a neutral or inviting background for successful negotiations.
Thus, the predominance of dark tones in the combination of clothes adds solidity to you.
The predominance of light shades sets the mood for positivity, the conversation can move in a more friendly direction.
A contrasting combination of dark and light creates a neutral background for conversation.
Man's appearance is of paramount importance for achieving a positive business image.
When determining the nature of clothing, one must be guided by basic principles:
- accuracy
- neatness
- conservatism
- restraint
- formality
- traditionalism
If your image doesn't have the best impact on your career, instead of being sarcastic, make it work for you. Find your style that reflects your personality, matches your status, business environment and conveys a sense of professionalism, polish and reliability.
Therefore, if you are not serious about how you look and what you wear, it is time to reconsider your views on this significant point and change your appearance.
« Only the most undiscerning people do not judge by appearance." Wilde O
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