Dispensaries. Types, tasks, structure

Dispensary(English: distribute, care) - this is the main specialized institution that provides medical and preventive care to patients of a certain profile and is an organizational and methodological center for the fight against certain diseases in a specific territory; This is an independent institution of a legal entity that has the rights of a legal entity, a seal, an account, a charter, and internal rules. The dispensary is managed by the chief physician; staffing levels depend on the number of people served, the level of morbidity, and the epidemic situation. The work is based on a territorial principle.

The tasks of the dispensary and their role in improving the quality of specialized care:

Providing qualified, specialized medical, advisory and diagnostic assistance

Carrying out clinical examination of patients and organizing clinical observation of them in medical institutions

Organizational and methodological management of the activities of territorial medical institutions of the general medical network

Registration of patients, analysis of morbidity, disability, mortality, registration of patients, development of preventive and organizational measures

Organization and holding of seminars and conferences in order to increase the level of knowledge on the relevant pathology

Conducting mass preventive medical examinations

Introduction of new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention in healthcare facilities

Dissemination of knowledge among the population, hygienic training and education.

The dispensary also provides social assistance to patients (resolving employment issues, guardianship of incapacitated patients, resolving housing issues, etc.)

Dispensary structure:

1. Outpatient department (conducts specialized outpatient care)

2. Diagnostic department (laboratories, radioisotope diagnostics room, radiation diagnostics room, etc.)

3. Hospital

4. Organizational and methodological department

Types of dispensaries by profile (the number in the Republic of Belarus is indicated as of 1997):

Skin and venereal disease clinics – 35

Anti-tuberculosis dispensaries – 30

Psychoneurological dispensaries – 14

Oncology dispensaries – 11

Narcological clinics – 10

Endocrinological dispensaries – 5

Cardiovascular dispensaries – 5

Specialized dispensaries for victims of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant – 2

In total, in 1997 there were 113 dispensaries in the Republic of Belarus.

By localization dispensaries can be republican, regional, city, inter-district.

Interrelation in the work of the dispensary and clinic: the clinic, according to indications, refers patients to dispensaries of the appropriate profile for therapeutic, diagnostic and rehabilitation measures; the dispensary transmits to the clinic documentation about examined and treated patients, provides organizational and methodological management of the work of clinics in its profile, conducts seminars, conferences, etc. to increase the general level of knowledge of doctors on a specific pathology, introduces new methods of diagnosis and treatment, etc.

Organizations of sanitary and epidemiological service. Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. Management, tasks, structure of the regional center of hygiene and epidemiology. Preventive and current sanitary supervision. Interaction in the work of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology with treatment and preventive organizations.

Organization of sanitary and epidemiological service.

The management structure of the state sanitary supervision service of the Republic of Belarus is represented by a system of bodies and organizations carrying out state sanitary supervision. The service is headed by the Deputy Minister of Health, the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Belarus, appointed by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Belarus.

The system of bodies and organizations of the Ministry of Health carrying out state sanitary supervision includes:

Department of the Ministry of Health in charge of state sanitary supervision issues

Republican Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health

Regional centers of hygiene, epidemiology and public health

Minsk City Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology

Centers for hygiene and epidemiology in the districts of Minsk

City centers of hygiene and epidemiology

Regional centers of hygiene and epidemiology, etc.

In addition, this service includes a disinfection and sterilization center, preventive disinfection centers, a health center, research institutes, an examination and testing center in the Zoological Zone, hygienic departments of medical universities and BelMAPO, and the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of other ministries and departments.

TsGiE– the main institution of the sanitary and epidemiological service.

Structure of the district Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology:

a) in areas with a population of up to 30 thousand people: Sanitary and Epidemiological Department (disinfection department, microbiological laboratory, chemical and radiological laboratory, administrative and economic personnel)

b) in areas with a population of 30-60 thousand people:

1. Sanitary and hygienic department (departments of municipal hygiene, food hygiene, occupational hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents)

2. Epidemiological department (disinfection department, microbiological laboratory, physicochemical and radiological laboratory, administrative and economic personnel)

c) in areas with a population of over 60 thousand people:

1. Sanitary and hygienic department (departments of municipal hygiene, food hygiene, occupational hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents, radiation hygiene, department of sanitary and hygienic monitoring, risk assessment and public health)

3. Sanitary and hygienic laboratory with laboratory units for the study of physical factors, physicochemical, toxicological research methods and radiation monitoring

The district Center for State Hygiene and Epidemiology is managed by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the district, appointed by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Belarus in agreement with the relevant local executive and administrative authorities.

Tasks of the district Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology:

1 - ensuring timely hygienic assessment of everything new introduced into the national economy

2 - control over maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances

3 - organization and control over the implementation of measures and recommendations to improve working conditions, living conditions, training, education and recreation of the population

4 - supervision over compliance by legal entities and individuals with sanitary and hygienic legislation, sanitary standards, rules and hygienic standards, as well as over the organization and implementation of measures to prevent and reduce the incidence of disease in the population

5 - organization of measures for sanitary protection of the territory of the Republic of Belarus from the introduction and spread of quarantine and other infectious diseases

6 - organization of state supervision of compliance with radiation safety standards, sanitary rules when working with sources of ionizing radiation, participation of the sanitary and epidemiological service in eliminating the medical consequences of the Chernobyl disaster

7 - organization of supervision of compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules during the design, construction and reconstruction of facilities

8 - interaction with other organizations of the Ministry of Health in terms of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being, on issues of departmental sanitary supervision and industrial sanitary control carried out by them

The activities of the SES are based on preventive and ongoing sanitary supervision.

Preventive sanitary supervision is carried out in three areas:

1. during design, construction and reconstruction - carried out in the form of:

Issuance of sanitary conditions for construction design

Accounting for all designed, constructed or reconstructed facilities

Approval of land allocation for construction

Drawing up a hygienic report

Approval of the construction (reconstruction) project of the facility

2. for the protection of atmospheric air, water bodies, water supply, soil - carried out in the form of:

Accounting for all objects that pollute air, water sources, and soil

Laboratory control

Studying the sanitary and hygienic condition of these areas and their impact on the morbidity of the population

Development and presentation of sanitary plans and tasks for health-improving activities

3. when establishing sanitary and hygienic norms and rules – includes:

Establishment of sanitary and hygienic norms and rules, requirements of state standards for all industrial products for technical and household use, food products

Hygienic assessment and assessment of GOST standards for new types of chemical raw materials and materials

Current sanitary supervision carried out by examining the sanitary condition of public utility facilities, industrial enterprises, food facilities, preschool, school and other institutions, sources of radioactive substances and ionizing radiation. For current sanitary supervision, methods of raid inspections of objects, sanitary and hygienic descriptions are used both for individual types of objects and for the region and city as a whole.

Current sanitary supervision assumes:

Study of sanitary and hygienic working conditions, hygienic assessment of the working environment

Laboratory control of controlled objects

Detection and elimination of sanitary-hygienic, anti-epidemic violations

Study of morbidity and injury

Organization of preventive examinations of the population

Monitoring the physical development of children and adolescents

Monitoring hygienic learning conditions and regime for school and preschool institutions

Monitoring the condition of the air environment, water supply, soil

Population health surveillance

Development of tasks and proposals to eliminate sanitary violations and improve the sanitary condition of facilities

Organization and control of sanitary educational work

Application of sanctions, disciplinary action, fines, confiscation of products, suspension of facility operations, removal from work, etc.

Control over the organization of rational nutrition of the population, etc.

Communication between the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology and the clinic- solves the following issues:

1- control over the implementation of preventive vaccinations

2- joint work on medical examination of the population

3- accounting and reporting on infectious diseases

4- control over the implementation of medical primary anti-epidemic measures

5- medical observation of the source of infection

6- carrying out deworming

7- analysis of morbidity and relationship with the environment (social and hygienic monitoring)

8- hearing at medical councils of materials on compliance with the sanitary and epidemiological regime

9- work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle

10- participation in joint medical examinations of workers at industrial enterprises

Communication between the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology and the hospital:

Monitoring the sanitary and epidemiological regime and timely detection of infections:

a) periodic examination of personnel

b) periodic closure for disinfection

Recording and reporting of infectious diseases

Listening to materials on anti-epidemic measures in hospitals, checking them by the Center for State Hygiene and Epidemiology

Certain groups of the population and carrying out systematic monitoring of their health.

Dispensaries identify patients in the early stages of diseases through systematically organized mass preventive and targeted examinations of the population; registering those in need of treatment; thorough examination and provision of qualified and special medical care to them; active dynamic monitoring (patronage) of the health status of those registered; a detailed study of the working conditions, living conditions of patients and, together with sanitary and epidemiological stations, the elimination of factors that adversely affect the health of those taken for medical examination and those around them - family members, as well as those living and working with them.

Types of dispensaries

In Russia there are the following types of dispensaries:

anti-tuberculosis,
oncological,
psychoneurological,
trachomatous,
goiters,
medical and physical training,
endocrinological,
drug treatment,
cardiological

Dispensary structure

The structure of a dispensary, as a rule, includes an outpatient department, a hospital, and diagnostic units (laboratory, X-ray room, etc.). In order to more rationally organize medical care for the population, it is advisable to transform low-power dispensaries, which employ 2-4 doctors, into specialized departments (offices) of central district hospitals and city clinics.

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

Sharafutdinov, Raif Kashifovich
Austria (football club, Vienna)

See what “Dispensary” is in other dictionaries:

DISPENSARY- DISPENSARY, dispensary, husband. (French dispensaire) (neol. honey). A medical institution aimed at treating and preventing disease. Venereal dispensary. Tuberculosis dispensary. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

DISPENSARY- (from English dispensary hospital for the poor, French dispensaire charitable pharmacy), honey. rank An institution (for incoming patients) in the USSR sets as its task, in addition to a thorough examination of the patient who has asked for help... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

dispensary- a, m. dispensaire m. A medical and preventive institution whose tasks include identifying patients with early forms of certain diseases, systematically monitoring the health status of certain groups of the population in order to prevent... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

dispensary- (wrong dispensary). Pronounced [dispensary]... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language

Dispensary- a specialized medical and preventive institution providing outpatient medical care to the population. A medical history is created for each patient D. Doctor D. has the right to issue a certificate of incapacity for work. Dictionary of business terms... ... Dictionary of business terms

DISPENSARY- (French dispensaire, from the Latin dispenso I distribute), specialized medical institutions: anti-tuberculosis, dermatovenerological, psychoneurological, oncological, physical therapy, etc... Modern encyclopedia- (French dispensaire, from the Latin dispenso I distribute), specialized medical institutions: anti-tuberculosis, skin and venereal diseases, psychoneurological, oncological, physical therapy, etc. ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

dispensary- (French dispensaire) special. a medical and preventive institution whose tasks include identifying patients with early forms of certain diseases, treating those who are sick, systematically monitoring the health of certain groups of the population in... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Medical examination is a method of medical care for certain groups of the population, which is based on early active detection of diseases, differentiated accounting, dynamic observation and timely treatment of identified patients, carrying out measures for public and personal prevention of diseases.

In the system of organizing specialized medical care for the population, an important role is played by a network of dispensaries, which are designed to develop and implement a set of preventive measures, as well as the active identification of patients with certain diseases in the early stages, their treatment and rehabilitation. In accordance with the nomenclature of healthcare institutions, the following types of dispensaries are distinguished: medical and physical education, cardiology, dermatovenerological, drug addiction, oncology, anti-tuberculosis, psychoneurological, ophthalmological and endocrinological. The dispensary provides assistance to both adults and children and, as a rule, includes a polyclinic (dispensary) department and a hospital. The role of dispensaries is leading in the provision of specialized treatment and preventive care for socially significant diseases.

Oncology Center.

The system of providing oncological care to the population includes oncology dispensaries, hospices or palliative care departments for cancer patients, examination rooms and oncology rooms of the APU. The main tasks of these institutions are to provide specialized medical care to patients with malignant neoplasms (MNT), conduct dispensary observation of such patients, targeted (screening) medical examinations, as well as sanitary and educational work on the prevention and early detection of cancer.

In the system of providing specialized oncological care, the leading role belongs to oncology dispensaries, which, as a rule, are organized at the level of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (republic, territory, district, region). The work of the dispensary is headed by the chief physician, who is appointed and dismissed by the head of the relevant health care management body. The main goal of the dispensary is to develop strategies and tactics for improving oncological care to the population, providing qualified oncological care to the population of the assigned territory. In accordance with this goal, the dispensary solves the following tasks:

Providing qualified specialized medical care to cancer patients;

Analysis of the state of oncological care for the assigned population, the effectiveness and quality of preventive measures, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of cancer patients;

Maintaining a territorial cancer registry;

Development of territorial targeted programs to combat cancer;

Training and advanced training of oncologists, doctors of basic specialties and paramedical workers on the provision of oncological care to the population;

Introduction of new medical technologies for providing medical care to cancer patients and patients with precancerous diseases;

Coordination of the activities of health care institutions of the general medical network on the issues of prevention, early detection of cancer, dispensary observation and palliative treatment of cancer patients;

Organizing and conducting sanitary and educational work among the population to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent cancer.

In addition to the outpatient and inpatient departments that are traditional for most dispensaries, the oncology dispensary includes: the department of palliative care, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, boarding house, etc.

Psychoneurological dispensary

The leading institution in the system of providing specialized psychiatric care to the population is the psychoneurological dispensary, which solves the following tasks:

Providing outpatient psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care to patients suffering from mental disorders, as well as dispensary observation of them;

Inpatient care for patients suffering from non-psychotic types of mental illness;

Conducting preventive examinations, examinations, forensic psychiatric, military medical and medical and social examinations;

Social and labor rehabilitation of patients with mental illness;

Emergency psychiatric care, including in emergency situations;

Participation in resolving issues of guardianship over incapacitated patients;

Providing consultative specialized psychoneurological care to patients in somatic hospitals and APU;

Psychohygienic, sanitary and educational work among the population.

The structure of the dispensary, as a rule, includes a treatment and diagnostic department with offices of local psychiatrists, a day hospital for short-term stay of patients suffering from non-psychotic types of mental illnesses, a department of child and adolescent psychoneurology, a department of mental health prevention and psychohygiene, a “Helpline” department, a social services office. -psychological assistance, etc. In addition, the psychoneurological dispensary may include state medical and production enterprises for occupational therapy, training in new professions and employment of persons suffering from mental disorders, including the disabled. The dispensary can organize psychoneurological departments (offices) at general clinics to provide specialized psychoneurological care to the population.

Drug Dispensary

The drug treatment clinic is the main link in the organization of drug treatment for the population, carries out work on the prevention and early detection of mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances (alcoholism, alcoholic psychosis, drug addiction, substance abuse, etc.), provides specialized assistance and medical examination for these patients. The main tasks of the narcological clinic are:

Widespread anti-alcohol and anti-drug propaganda among the population and, above all, students of educational institutions;

Early detection, dispensary registration, provision of specialized outpatient and inpatient care for patients with alcoholism, drug addiction, and substance abuse;

Study of the incidence of alcoholism, drug addiction and substance abuse in the population, analysis of the effectiveness of the preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic care provided;

Development of territorial target programs to combat drug addiction diseases;

Participation, together with social protection authorities, in providing social and domestic assistance to patients with alcoholism, drug addiction and substance abuse, who are under dispensary observation;

Conducting medical examinations, alcohol intoxication examinations, and other types of examinations;

Methodological guidance in organizing pre-trip inspections of vehicle drivers;

Organizational, methodological and advisory assistance to drug treatment rooms that are part of other health care institutions;

Providing advisory specialized drug treatment to patients in somatic hospitals and emergency medical services;

Training and advanced training of doctors and paramedical personnel on the provision of drug treatment to the population.

The work of the dispensary is based on the local principle. The optimal organizational and functional structure of a drug treatment clinic includes the following divisions: offices of local psychiatrists-narcologists, adolescent office, examination of alcohol intoxication, anonymous treatment, anti-alcohol propaganda, specialized offices (neurologist, psychologist, therapist), inpatient departments, day hospital, organizational and methodological department . The dispensary also includes a laboratory, a functional diagnostics room, a hypnotarium, a room for reflexology, electrosleep, etc. The dispensary may have specialized vehicles equipped with equipment for conducting, together with traffic police officers, an examination of alcohol intoxication.

TB Dispensary

The basic principles of organizing specialized care for tuberculosis patients are determined by the Federal Law “On Preventing the Spread of Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation.” A specialized healthcare institution providing anti-tuberculosis care to the population in the assigned territory is an anti-tuberculosis dispensary, which is assigned the following tasks:

Systematic analysis of the epidemiological situation regarding tuberculosis and the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis measures in the jurisdictional territory, including in institutions of the penitentiary system;

Planning together with the Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology, institutions of the general medical network for vaccination, BCG revaccination and organizational and methodological guidance for their implementation;

Hospitalization of bacterial pathogens and isolation of newborns from bacterial pathogens (for the period of formation of post-vaccination immunity);

Implementation of preventive measures for persons in contact with bacteria-releasing agents (regular dispensary monitoring of them, ongoing disinfection of outbreaks, revaccination, chemoprophylaxis, etc.);

Conducting, together with institutions of the general medical network, Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology, enterprises, medical examinations of the population using fluorographic, immunological, bacteriological and other research methods;

Providing specialized inpatient and outpatient care to patients with tuberculosis, referring them to sanatorium-resort institutions;

Carrying out a set of measures for social and labor rehabilitation of tuberculosis patients;

Conducting an examination of the temporary disability of tuberculosis patients and, if necessary, referring them to medical examination;

Dispensary registration and dynamic observation of patients with tuberculosis (timely examination, treatment, chemoprophylaxis).

The structure of an anti-tuberculosis dispensary, as a rule, includes the following departments: dispensary department (for adults and children), hospital, sanatorium, occupational therapy workshops, clinical diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories, X-ray, endoscopic, physiotherapy rooms, patient rehabilitation department with post-tuberculosis changes and nonspecific respiratory diseases, a functional diagnostics room, a day hospital, etc. Anti-tuberculosis dispensaries work on a local basis. In large cities with a population of more than 500,000 people, as well as in municipal districts of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, if there are two or more dispensaries, one of them is assigned the functions of an interdistrict TB dispensary.

Dermatovenerological dispensary

The dermatovenerological dispensary is an independent specialized medical institution designed to provide preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic assistance to the population for diseases of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and infections that are predominantly sexually transmitted (STIs), as well as to carry out a set of anti-epidemic measures to prevent them. Taking this into account, the main objectives of the dispensary are:

Providing specialized advisory and therapeutic and diagnostic dermato-venereological care to the population in outpatient and inpatient settings;

Development of territorial targeted programs to combat STIs;

Carrying out, together with the Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology, monitoring of STIs and contagious skin diseases;

Providing organizational, methodological and advisory assistance to institutions of the general medical network on the issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from STIs and contagious skin diseases;

Participation in the work of licensing and expert commissions of health care authorities, compulsory health insurance funds, medical insurance organizations, to monitor the medical activities of commercial structures and private practitioners providing dermato-venereological, gynecological, urological care;

Introduction into the practice of dermatovenerological institutions of modern medical technologies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of STIs and dermatoses;

Propaganda among the population, together with medical prevention centers, of knowledge on the prevention of infectious skin diseases and STIs, etc.

A dispensary may have the following divisions in its structure: outpatient department, inpatient department, organizational and methodological department (office), departments of primary prevention and periodic medical examinations, clinical diagnostic, bacteriological, immunological laboratories, cosmetology department (office), etc.

Related information.

dispenso “distribute”) - a special treatment and preventive medical institution that provides medical care to certain groups of the population and carries out systematic monitoring of their health.

Types of dispensaries

In Russia there are the following types of dispensaries:

anti-tuberculosis
oncological
trachomatous
goitrous
medical and physical education
endocrinological
drug treatment
cardiological
orthopedic
ophthalmological

Dispensary structure

The structure of a dispensary, as a rule, includes an outpatient department, a hospital, and diagnostic units (laboratory, treatment room, etc.). In order to more rationally organize medical care for the population, it is advisable to transform low-power dispensaries, which employ 2-4 doctors, into specialized departments (offices) of central district hospitals and city clinics.

From the history

The first dispensaries in Moscow opened at the beginning of the 20th century for patients suffering from tuberculosis. So, in 1904, the “Ladies' Guardianship of the Poor” opened a tuberculosis dispensary at the St. Sophia hospital. Over the next 9 years, the Russian Society for the Protection of Public Health has already organized four similar dispensaries in Moscow. The first venereal dispensary in Russia dates back to

The tasks of the dispensary and their role in improving the quality of specialized care:

Providing qualified, specialized medical, advisory and diagnostic assistance

Carrying out clinical examination of patients and organizing clinical observation of them in medical institutions

Organizational and methodological management of the activities of territorial medical institutions of the general medical network

Registration of patients, analysis of morbidity, disability, mortality, registration of patients, development of preventive and organizational measures

Organization and holding of seminars and conferences in order to increase the level of knowledge on the relevant pathology

Conducting mass preventive medical examinations

Introduction of new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention in healthcare facilities

Dissemination of knowledge among the population, hygienic training and education.

The dispensary also provides social assistance to patients (resolving employment issues, guardianship of incapacitated patients, resolving housing issues, etc.)

Dispensary structure:

1. Outpatient department (conducts specialized outpatient care)

2. Diagnostic department (laboratories, radioisotope diagnostics room, radiation diagnostics room, etc.)

3. Hospital

4. Organizational and methodological department

Types of dispensaries by profile

Skin and venereal disease clinics

Anti-tuberculosis dispensaries

Psychoneurological dispensaries

Oncology dispensaries

Drug treatment clinics

Endocrinological dispensaries