Tough greater trochanter causes. Structure and types of injuries to the human femur

The femur is the thickest and largest component of the skeleton when compared with all the other tubular bones located in the human body. All tubular bones influence human movements, so the femoral bone element can also be called a long lever of movement. Based on development, it has , , and .

If you look at x-rays of the proximal end of the bone in a newborn, you can see only the femoral diaphysis. The metaphysis, epiphysis and apophysis are located in the cartilaginous stage of development, so they are not visible as formed elements. Taking x-rays in accordance with the further development of the child, you can see that the head of the femur, that is, the epiphysis, appears first. This occurs in the first year of development. In the third and fourth years, the apophysis is determined, and in the 9-14 years, the ossification point appears in the lesser trochanter of the bone. Fusion occurs in the reverse order at older ages, starting from 17 to 19 years.

Anatomy

The proximal or superior end of the bone bears the articular head, which is round in shape. If you look at the head a little lower from its middle, you can see a small rough pit in the structure. This is where the attachment of the ligament of the head of the bone is located. The head of the femur is connected to the rest of the femoral bone using a neck. The neck is located to the axis of the bone body at an obtuse angle, which ranges from 114 to 153 degrees. For women, a lot depends on how wide their anatomical pelvis is. If the width is large, the angle approaches a right angle.

Where the neck meets the bony body, there are two tubercles. They are called apophyses or trochanters. The greater trochanter is the upper end of the body of the bone. Its medial surface, which faces the neck, has a fossa. There is also a small trochanter, which is placed at the lower edge of the neck. This occurs on the medial side and slightly posteriorly. The greater and lesser trochanters are connected by a ridge that runs obliquely on the back of the bone. They are also connected on the front surface.

Studying the anatomy of the femur, you will notice that its body is slightly curved anteriorly. It is located in a triangular-rounded shape. The posterior side of the body bears a trace from the muscular attachment of the thigh and consists of a lateral and medial lip. These lips also have traces of the attachment of the so-called muscles, this is noticeable in the proximal part. At the bottom, the lips separate from each other. In this place, a smooth triangular platform is formed on the posterior femoral surface.

The distal or lower end of the bone is thickened and forms two condyles that fold back and have a rounded shape. The medial condyle, compared to the lateral one, protrudes more inferiorly. However, despite this inequality, both condyles are located at the same level. This is explained by the fact that the femoral bone fragment in its natural position is oblique, and its lower end is closer to the midline compared to the upper end. The articular condylar surfaces on the anterior side pass into each other, so a small concavity is formed in the sagittal direction. The condyles are separated from each other by a deep intercondylar fossa on the lower and posterior sides. Each condyle has a rough lateral tubercle located above the articular surface.

Damage

The femoral bone element plays an important function in human locomotion. As mentioned above, it is the longest element of all tubular bones.

The length of the femur in adult men is about 45 centimeters, which is about one-fourth of the height. Therefore, its damage significantly affects human activity.

Injuries to the femur are quite common. The most common of them are fractures when there is a violation of the anatomical integrity. There are many reasons for this - a fall on a hard object, a direct blow, and so on. A hip injury is almost always severe. It may be accompanied by painful shock and severe blood loss.

Depending on the location, there are three types of femur fractures:

1. Trauma to the upper end of the bone;
2. Damage to the diaphysis;
3. Fracture of the distal metaepiphysis of the bone, damage to the proximal metaepiphysis may occur.

The clinical picture depends on the specific type of fracture. In most cases, the victim is unable to lift his heel off the floor. He feels pain in the hip joint, which becomes especially severe when trying to make not only active, but even passive movements. The leg is slightly rotated outward and adducted. If a displaced fracture occurs, the greater trochanter is located above the line, which is called. X-rays are used to determine the degree of displacement and the nature of the fracture.

1. A cervical fracture or medial bone injury is classified as an intra-articular injury.
2. A lateral fracture is considered a periarticular injury, however, sometimes the fracture plane can penetrate into the articular cavity.

Treatment for hip injuries depends on the nature of the fracture. If the neck of the bone is fractured or the head of the femur is damaged without displacement, treatment is based on long-term immobilization of the limb. To do this, use a Beller abduction splint or a plaster cast and. The period of immobilization is from two to three months, and then unloading is done for several weeks.

If a fracture occurs with displacement of the fragments, a treatment based on the use of a functional Beller splint is prescribed, subject to maximum abduction of the leg. A Kirschner wire is passed through the distal metaphysis of the bone. A complication may occur - aseptic necrosis, in which the femoral head and bone body are affected. If conservative treatment does not bring results, the fragments are compared surgically.

Trochanteric fractures may occur.

The most common injuries occur to the diaphysis of the bone. The middle third is mostly affected. Such injuries occur due to direct and indirect injuries, most often during active games and falls from a height. The level of the fracture determines its type.

If the femur breaks, it is treated. Splints and plaster casts are not able to ensure the correct position of bone fragments. If a transverse fracture occurs, skeletal traction is applied, which is performed with a Kirschner wire. In order for the treatment to be successful, it is important to apply traction and reposition the fragments as early as possible. If you are late with these measures, it is difficult to correct the incorrect position of the fragments. Sometimes this is impossible to do. There are rarely cases when one-step reposition is performed using general anesthesia. Typically, the indication for this is for transverse fractures, in which there is a large displacement of fragments, and for damage to the lower third of the bone, if the distal fragment rotates and moves upward and anteriorly. In this case, the leg is bent at the knee joint and fixed with a plaster cast after reposition.

There is no specific time frame for when fracture consolidation occurs. It all depends on the patient’s age, the degree of displacement and the nature of the damage. The average fusion period ranges from 35 to 42 days.

However, the issue of removing traction does not depend on these terms. Clinical testing can determine the disappearance of pain, the formation of callus and the elimination of pathological mobility. If these factors are present, we can conclude that the fracture has healed, however, the final decision is made only after the load is removed and the patient's reaction is monitored. For example, if the callus is not completely strong, the patient will complain of pain, so the load will have to be applied again. If there is no such need, the traction period does not increase, even if complete fusion has not occurred. After the wires are removed, the leg is left with a splint and shin traction for several days.

So, the femoral bone element plays an important role in human motor activity. Its fracture forces the victim to temporarily stop various activities. To ensure that the hospital stay is not too long, it is important to follow all medical recommendations.

Hip bursitis is an inflammatory process that develops in the synovial periarticular bursa, which plays the role of a kind of “shock absorber” and, when muscles slide, helps reduce friction between the bones and the soft tissues covering them.

In medicine, bursitis belongs to a group of orthopedic diseases, the development of which is characterized by inflammation in the synovial joint capsules, leading to the accumulation of exudate in the joint cavities - i.e. inflammatory fluid.

The periarticular bursa is a small cavity located around the hip joint and filled with fluid. With various injuries, as well as excessive physical overload of tendons and muscles, bursitis (Latin bursa - “bag”) can occur as an inflammatory process that can cover the trochanteric bursa, ischial bursa or iliopectineal bursa in the hip joint. Among the unfavorable factors that contribute to the development of the inflammatory process, one can note inactivity of the body, hypothermia, obesity and congenital anomalies, in particular, the difference in leg length. Most often, this disease occurs in middle-aged and elderly women.

ICD-10 code

M71.1 Other infectious bursitis

M71.5 Other bursitis not elsewhere classified

Causes of hip bursitis

Hip bursitis is an inflammatory process involving the synovial bursa of the hip joint (acetabular or sciatic).

The causes of hip bursitis in most cases are associated with various injuries and damage to the femur. Among the main factors provoking this disease, we can also note:

• Excessive regular stress on the hip joint.
• Spinal diseases (scoliosis, arthrosis and arthritis).
• Uneven leg lengths.
• Surgical interventions on the hip joint.
• Rheumatoid arthritis.
• Osteophytes (so-called “bone spurs”).
• Salt deposits.

Intense jogging and cycling, frequent climbing the stairs, and a person standing for a long time lead to excessive stress on the hip joint, and subsequently to the development of an inflammatory process in the synovial bursae. With different leg lengths, irritation of the synovial bursae also often occurs, leading to the development of bursitis. Various operations, in particular hip replacement, can cause this disease. Damage to the femur due to strong impacts and falls, as well as osteophytes that arise in the tendon area, attaching to the trochanter of the femur, often cause the development of bursitis.

Symptoms of hip bursitis

Hip bursitis has the main symptom of acute pain in the hip joint, which is localized on the outside of the thigh. At the beginning of the development of the disease, the pain is strong and intense, but as the pathological inflammation spreads, it becomes dull over time.

There are other symptoms of hip bursitis:

• A painful swelling at the site of the damaged joint, which has a round shape and reaches a diameter of up to 10 cm.
• Swelling of the tissues around the synovial bursa.
• Fever (sometimes up to 40°).
• Skin hyperemia.
• General malaise.
• Violation of the full functioning of the joint.

Acetabular bursitis causes severe pain on the outer thigh, making it difficult to lie on the affected side. The patient has trouble sleeping. Burning pain interferes with climbing stairs and limits a person's movements. Sciatic bursitis causes a dull pain in the upper part of the femur, especially when lifting up or flexing and extending the hip. The pain may worsen with prolonged sitting on a hard surface.

When bursitis becomes chronic, the symptoms become less pronounced, and in the area where the inflamed synovial bursa is located, a slight swelling is observed, which has a round shape and a soft consistency. The chronic form of bursitis is characterized by the absence of burning pain and preservation of joint functions. Exacerbation of the disease causes an increase in the amount of exudate in the cavity of the damaged bursa, which often leads to the formation of a cystic cavity filled with fluid.

If inflammation of the synovial bursa of the hip joint is caused by an infectious pathogen, purulent bursitis may develop. Its main symptom is sharp pain, which is observed when abducting the limb, as well as flexing and extending the hip. Swelling is localized on the outer thigh. Due to severe pain, a person cannot fully bend or straighten the hip, which explains why the hip is constantly in a semi-flexed position and abducted outward.

Trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint

Hip bursitis occurs due to inflammation of one of the three periarticular bursae: iliopectineal, sciatic or trochanteric.

Trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint is caused by an inflammatory process in the trochanteric bursa, which is located near the greater trochanter of the hip bone, and is much more common than the other two types of bursitis. This disease is characterized by symptoms such as pain that occurs in the area of ​​the greater trochanter (i.e., the bony prominence located on the lateral surface of the femur), as well as swelling in the area of ​​inflammation, discomfort when moving, general malaise, and fever. Often this disease develops in people who are actively involved in sports, mainly women, because The female pelvis is much wider than the male pelvis, so the greater trochanter in women is located further from the midline of the body, and this provokes more intense muscle friction against it.

The pain resulting from the development of trochanteric bursitis is sharp, burning, spreading along the outer surface of the thigh. Unpleasant pain sensations decrease in a state of complete rest, but with the slightest load (climbing stairs, hip rotations, squats) they increase sharply. The patient often complains of night pain that occurs when lying on the affected side. Athletes involved in professional running experience increased pain as their athletic load increases; this is most often associated with an increase in distance or complexity of the workout.

Bursitis can occur in a chronic form over a long period of time. The acute form of trochanteric bursitis most often occurs due to injury - a fall or a sharp collision with an object. In this case, the blow is accompanied by a characteristic click. Diagnosis of trochanteric bursitis is carried out using the Ober test (leg abduction method), palpation, and in some cases, a special x-ray examination to identify calcifications (ossified areas). Using magnetic resonance therapy, it is possible to identify areas of exudate accumulation and inflammation.

Diagnosis of hip bursitis

Hip bursitis requires an accurate diagnosis through a complete physical examination by a qualified medical professional. During the examination, the doctor asks the patient about the nature of the pain, the reasons for its occurrence, localization, etc. The hip joint is palpated, as well as the Ober test with hip abduction.

Diagnosis of hip bursitis is characterized by some difficulties due to the deep location of the hip joint and its covering by muscles. Thus, an external examination of the joint is impossible, and difficulties arise with taking a puncture or performing arthroscopy. Therefore, the diagnosis of this disease is based on two main factors: analysis of the pain syndrome and a special x-ray examination. When identifying pathology, increased pain and sensitivity in the areas of protruding areas of the femur are taken into account. An MRI and bone scan are performed to rule out injuries and other pathologies associated with the hip joint, such as arthritis. The diagnosis is confirmed by administering a local anesthetic to the patient, after which relief is observed.

Treatment of hip bursitis

Bursitis of the hip joint, first of all, requires conservative treatment, which consists of modification of physical activity, i.e. limiting any activity that increases pain. The doctor prescribes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to the patient, which can be used to relieve pain and stop the development of the inflammatory process. To relieve pain from bursitis, effective hormonal drugs are used in proper combination with local anesthetics.

Treatment of hip bursitis in unadvanced cases is carried out on an outpatient basis and includes a single injection of drugs directly into the damaged synovial bursa. If bursitis re-exacerbates and pain returns, the patient may need another injection.

Conservative treatment includes physical therapy. The selection of an effective set of exercises will depend on the course of the disease, but first the patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs and only after that preventive manipulations (electrophoresis and ultrasound, therapeutic exercises).

In the treatment of hip bursitis, it is very important not only to relieve inflammation, but to prevent the chronic development of the disease. To do this, along with drug therapy, compresses with plantain, sage, as well as calendula and pine buds are used - medicinal plants that have pronounced anti-inflammatory and decongestant properties. Other effective means for reducing the recurrence of hip bursitis include:

• Osteo-Vit. A modern biologically active complex, an effective natural chondroprotector that ensures the efficiency of recovery processes, as well as the normalization of venous blood supply to articular and cartilage tissue. The drug contains vitamins D and B6, which help normalize mineral metabolism in the human body. The drug contains drone brood homogenate, which is a natural source of amino acids.
• Dihydroquercetin plus. An antioxidant whose action is aimed at nourishing joint tissue and quickly restoring blood microcirculation. With the help of this product, joint tissue cells are freed from free radicals that interfere with the regeneration process.
• Elton P, Leveton P. Effective biologically active complexes, including beekeeping products, as well as various medicinal herbs, the action of which is aimed at increasing performance, endurance, providing the body with necessary microelements, vitamins for strengthening bones, enzymes and beneficial amino acids. It is especially important to take these drugs during the rehabilitation period, since with the help of these biologically active complexes it is possible to restore normal blood microcirculation in damaged tissues and vessels. The drugs have pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and wound-healing properties. This is of particular importance if the underlying cause of hip bursitis is trauma.

Surgical treatment is used by doctors only in rare cases when conservative treatment does not produce the desired results, and pain and inflammation persist. In such a situation, the only solution is to remove the damaged bursa, which does not in any way affect the normal functioning of the hip joint. In modern medicine, the so-called. "arthroscopic" removal of the damaged synovial bursa. This operation is performed by making a small incision in the thigh area and internally inserting an arthroscope, a device that allows the doctor to freely manipulate surgical instruments to remove the bursa. This surgical intervention is characterized by a minimal level of trauma for the patient, as well as a less painful recovery period.

Treatment of hip bursitis with traditional medicine is, first of all, effective in reducing the inflammatory process. We can recommend using this absorbable compress: grate 1 tbsp. spoon of laundry soap, add 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey, the same amount of grated onion and mix everything. Lay a clean cotton cloth on a piece of polyethylene and lay out the prepared medicinal mass. Apply a compress to the inflamed area and wrap it with a woolen cloth. It is advisable to use the compress for 7 days. Before starting treatment, it is recommended to consult with your doctor.

Prevention of hip bursitis

Hip bursitis can be prevented if prevention methods are taken care of in advance.

Prevention of hip bursitis, first of all, comes down to eliminating any load on the joint, as well as limiting physical activity, which can provoke inflammation of the synovial bursa. It is necessary to maintain muscle tone, control weight, and use special devices for unequal leg lengths.

Of course, it is impossible to insure against impacts and injuries to the musculoskeletal system, but the risk of developing bursitis can be reduced by minimizing the load on the pelvic bones. To do this, you should avoid lifting heavy objects and excess weight. If there is excessive stress on the legs (for example, when standing), it is necessary to give the body proper rest. An active lifestyle, as well as moderate physical activity and giving up bad habits, will help improve your health and prevent the development of bursitis.

• Take a push-up position from the table, while keeping your back straight without bending in the lumbar region. The body should assume a straight line position. In this position, you should smoothly move your right leg to the side and return back. Do the same with the left leg. The frequency of the exercise is 5-10 times for each leg.
• Take a starting position standing, put your legs together, then bend your left leg at the knee, move your pelvis towards your right leg and smoothly tilt your body forward, keeping your back straight. Repeat the exercise with the other leg.

Regular exercise, a healthy lifestyle, and a diet rich in minerals (in particular fluoride and calcium) will help prevent the occurrence of any pathologies of the hip joint.

Prognosis of hip bursitis

Hip bursitis can be treated very successfully, especially if the disease is detected in time. Naturally, diagnosis and treatment of bursitis requires the qualifications and experience of a medical specialist. Self-treatment with analgesics and folk remedies alone (compresses, ointments, etc.) will not give positive results, therefore, if symptoms of bursitis are detected, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

The prognosis for hip bursitis with effective treatment is always favorable. In most cases, this disease responds well to conservative treatment methods used in modern medicine. Anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with anesthetics and other medications completely eliminate the symptoms of bursitis in 5-7 days. Infectious bursitis should be treated with antibiotic therapy, and more severe cases with surgery.

Bursitis of the hip joint is primarily associated with a large load on the joint during various movements, running and walking, so it is not surprising that this pathology occupies a leading position among other pathologies of the articular system.

The causes of bursitis are similar in all three options. Symptoms vary depending on which bursa is inflamed.

All large joints of the human body are surrounded by special pockets, bursae, filled with synovial fluid. Inflammation of the soft tissues of the joint cavities is called bursitis. There are several reasons that provoke the inflammatory process. Treatment for hip bursitis depends entirely on the etiology of the disease.

It is customary to distinguish the following factors contributing to the development of pathology.

Bursitis of the hip joint (symptoms of the pathology in some cases can manifest very sharply) can develop under the influence of such factors:

Advanced age of the patient.

Dehydration and severe allergic reactions.

Immune and hormonal imbalance.

Tuberculosis of bones.

Passive lifestyle.

Too high a load on the skeleton and very hard physical labor.

Pregnancy and childbirth.

Salt deposits in the joint area.

Surgery or injury.

Osteochondrosis, arthritis, arthrosis.

Viral infections.

Uneven limbs.

Inflammation of the sciatic bursa.

The most common causes of this disease are injuries, excessive physical activity and various injuries to the bone of the hip joint. Any of the following factors can cause inflammation of the bursa:

Damage to the synovial bursa of the hip joint most often develops under the influence of the following factors:

Types of bursitis

Near the hip joint there are 3 large bags, in which inflammation most often occurs:

• Trochanteric: inflammation is localized on the outside near the trochanter of the movable joint of the thigh;
• Iliopectineal: the inflammatory process is located on the inside of the joint;
• Ischial: The inflammation is located near the ischial tuberosity.

Numerous muscles responsible for mobility are attached directly to the bony protrusion (trochanter), and accordingly, the disease most often spreads to this periarticular bursa. Less commonly, it spreads to the iliopectineal and sciatic bursae. The reasons for all three types are the same.

Most often, the inflammatory process occurs in the three periarticular bursae of the hip joint.

1. Trochanteric. On the outside of the thigh.
2. Ischial. At the point where the muscles connect with the bony ischial tuberosity.
3. Iliopectineal. On the inside of the hip joint.

Most often, the disease affects the trochanteric part (there is a large protrusion at the front of the bone) where the largest number of muscles are located.

Drug treatment of hip bursitis is mainly aimed at relieving the inflammatory process, as well as combating catalysts for the development of pathology. The prescription of drugs depends on the type of bursitis.

It is customary to distinguish the following types of disorders of the synovial bursa:

Patients at risk should be monitored for possible clinical manifestations of bursitis. Pain when walking, swelling, limited movement are indications for visiting an orthopedist.

So, if you develop hip bursitis (symptoms), treatment should begin immediately. It is necessary to describe to the doctor all the manifestations in as much detail as possible. There are several types of this disease:

Iliopectineal. The focus of the inflammatory process in this case is located around the muscle of the same name.

Sciatic. The pathological process develops near the sciatic muscle.

Trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint. Symptoms of the disease in this case can be seen in the area of ​​the trochanter of the femur. Most often, this type of pathology occurs in professional athletes.

The problem can also be classified according to the liquid produced by harmful microorganisms:

Aseptic. The cavity of the joint capsule is not additionally infected.

Lime. In this case, there is excessive calcium deposition.

Septic. It is characterized by the presence of harmful microorganisms that are capable of producing toxic substances.

Hemorrhagic. It involves the accumulation of exudate, which contains blood.

The main causes and signs of bursitis

Identifying the inflammatory process at an early stage simplifies treatment and reduces the risk of complications. If the patient pays attention to the first signs of bursitis in time, the therapy is successful in most cases, and it does not come to surgery.

Find out about the first signs, symptoms and treatment methods for arthritis of the elbow joint. Read about the beneficial properties and rules for using Fullflex ointment for gout at this address.

Symptoms of bursitis

Signs of bursitis begin quite unexpectedly (even at the initial stage) and are directly dependent on the location of the inflammation:

• Painful sensations. The initial stage of the inflammatory nature is manifested by acute, severe pain and depends on the location of the inflamed periarticular bursa. If it is trochanteric, then pain is on the side of the thigh. With iliopectineal pain, the pain spreads to the internal and anterior zones and radiates to the groin area. If the sciatic bursa is inflamed, pain syndrome manifests itself when the torso is tilted. As the disease progresses, the pain moves from acute to aching, but covering a larger area. Worsens when walking or climbing stairs. At rest, the painful sensations do not go away, and at night they intensify (the patient cannot lie on his side);
• Swelling. If the development of bursitis is caused by injury, then after its appearance a swelling is observed, which completely disappears over time.

For a disease such as hip bursitis, symptoms and treatment are interrelated.

• Increased pain when extending and flexing the hip.
• Intense pain (sometimes sharp, burning) present in the area of ​​the outer thigh.
• Inflammation of the trochanteric bursa, which causes burning pain when climbing stairs or just walking.
• Dull pain syndrome spreads to different areas of the thigh.
• Swelling over the inflammatory area.
• With prolonged sitting in a sitting position, pain symptoms may increase.

All of these symptoms can make your life a nightmare, in which a simple action (going to the store or kindergarten to pick up a child) can cause pain and discomfort.

Treatment that is started in a timely manner can quickly relieve pain and stop the inflammatory process.

Pathology usually has the following manifestations:

1. Acute pain, which may intensify while walking.

2. Significant limitation in movements, and sometimes loss of the ability to walk normally.

3. Sleep disturbance.

4. Redness of the skin in the affected area.

5. If inflammation is accompanied by an infectious process, the patient may develop a fever.

6. Swelling of tissues and their edema.

7. Vegetative-vascular disorders in the area of ​​the foot, which is located on the side of the affected joint.

The main symptom of bursitis is pain. Spreads along the outer surface of the femur.

Sometimes it is very burning. The patient cannot lie on the injured side.

The pain worsens at night, and the patient’s healthy, normal sleep is disrupted. Painful symptoms intensify when climbing stairs or rotating the hip.

A swelling is palpable in the area of ​​the trochanter of the femoral bursa. When pressing on it, the pain intensifies.

The rotation of the joint is not impaired. Trochanteric bursitis is characterized by the fact that when lying down on the affected leg, the pain intensifies.

This deprives a person of proper sleep. Soreness can radiate downward, localizing on the lateral surface of the joint.

The appearance of pain when walking due to irritation of the joint capsule is typical. In the first minutes of walking the pain is stronger, then it subsides. If you cross your legs while sitting, the pain intensifies. The appearance of vegetative-vascular disorders is possible.

External examination of trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint shows unchanged contours. This is explained by the fact that the trochanteric bursa is securely covered by the gluteal muscles and is located deep in the subcutaneous adipose tissue.

As with most other joint diseases, the first sign of inflammation of the trochanteric bursa should be severe pain. Even with the slightest physical activity, you will feel pain and discomfort in the area of ​​the base of the thigh in its outer part.

Symptoms of inflammation appear even during normal walking; the pain intensifies over time, especially when climbing stairs.

A person can simply lean or sit uncomfortably on the affected side, and trochanteric bursitis will make itself felt. If treatment for inflammatory processes is not started immediately, the symptoms may dull, but the inflammation will spread to the entire thigh, affecting nearby tissue areas.

A signal of the appearance and development of trochanteric bursitis is pain when bending the leg, when trying to sit down or stand up after sitting motionless for a long time.

Many patients come to the doctor with similar complaints, citing arthritis, and try to use pain ointments and other medications. But it's not surprising that they don't help.

The main difference between these two joint diseases is mobility. Even through the pain of hip bursitis, the leg functions well, while with arthritis the previous mobility is significantly lost.

Symptoms of hip bursitis depend on which bursa is inflamed.

Trochanteric bursitis manifests itself as sharp pain along the outer surface of the thigh. The pain intensifies when trying to rotate the hip inward, it is impossible to squat down, and you cannot walk up the stairs.

If trochanteric bursitis develops as a result of arthritis of the hip joint, then the manifestations increase gradually.

With iliopectineal bursitis, the pain is localized along the anterior inner surface, in the groin below the ligaments. The pain intensifies when standing up or trying to raise the hip.

Diagnosis of bursitis

Diagnosis of bursitis consists of examination and MRI.

1. Inspection. Palpation of the entire hip area makes it possible to determine the most painful (inflamed) area. Also, most likely, it will be suggested to conduct a hip abduction test to the side. With this disease, this simple movement is difficult to perform since hip abduction is accompanied by severe pain.
2. MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging will rule out other diseases with similar symptoms (arthritis) and confirm the presence of osteophytes in the periarticular bursa. X-rays may also be prescribed, but this diagnosis is inferior in its information content to MRI, although it is superior in accessibility.

If you decide that you have hip bursitis (we have already discussed the symptoms and causes of its development), you should definitely contact an orthopedist who will prescribe additional tests. Diagnosis of bursitis includes the following steps:

1. External examination of the affected area. The doctor will palpate the sore joint to accurately determine the location of the inflammatory process. The specialist will also check the degree of hip abduction. This movement is problematic in the presence of pathology.

2. Radiography. Although this method is not always used due to its low information content.

3. MRI. This study will help exclude the development of other pathologies. In addition, tomography will make it possible to identify and determine the size of osteophytes in the joint capsule.

Before starting treatment for a pathology, the doctor is obliged to determine its location and make an accurate diagnosis. First of all, the attending specialist examines the patient and collects anamnesis.

It is necessary to ask the patient about the symptoms, how much time has passed since the onset of the disease, what additional sensations are there, whether the patient has difficulty moving or climbing stairs, what could lead to this disease, etc.

To diagnose trochanteric bursitis, the doctor carefully examines the patient using the following methods:

• palpation;
• X-ray examination;
• Ober's test.

Ober's test allows you to accurately determine which periarticular bursa is inflamed. To do this, the patient must be placed on his healthy side.

The patient is asked to bend the leg below at the hip, and the one on top at the knee at a right angle. Then you need to straighten the leg, bent at the knee, try to take it back and lower it to the floor.

If the leg does not lower to the floor, this is a clear sign of excessive tension in the hip muscles. This means that the inflammatory process has affected the iliac joint capsule.

Trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint is diagnosed in the same way. The patient should move his leg back as far as possible. In the presence of pathology, the inflamed area does not move, remaining in its place.

If the doctor finds it difficult to make a diagnosis after a visual examination and Ober’s test, then an additional examination using X-rays and MRI is prescribed. These methods will accurately indicate the localization of the development of the pathological process and determine the severity of the condition by the amount of accumulated fluid inside the hip joint bursa.

Another confirming factor of the inflammatory process is the local injection of an anesthetic drug. If the remedy works immediately and the patient receives relief, then this indicates the correctness of the diagnosis.

The diagnosis is based on instrumental techniques:

1. X-ray examination. Able to detect changes in bones and joints in the area of ​​the greater trochanter.
2. Scintigraphy. Changes in the superolateral region and greater trochanter indicate bursitis or tenosynovitis.
3. Magnetic resonance imaging is the latest word in the diagnosis of hip disorders. MRI allows you to diagnose soft tissue pathologies, changes in muscles, bones, and salt deposits. Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended for all patients with indications for surgical treatment of pathology.
4. Ultrasound examination is a highly effective way to determine the presence of pathology in the hip joint. The picture of the disease obtained during ultrasound diagnostics makes it possible to prescribe precise, effective treatment for the joint.

Diagnostic methods make it possible to resolve the issue of treating bursitis.

Only a traumatologist or orthopedist can determine which particular bursa is inflamed based on a combination of signs. Medical examination is the leading link in diagnosis. The doctor evaluates the development of the disease, the characteristics of its onset and course, the circumstances of the patient’s life and work.

Your doctor may perform an Ober maneuver, which abducts the hip. It is performed on a hard couch in a lying position on the healthy side.

The leg on the bottom bends at the hip joint, and the leg on top bends at a right angle at the knee. The leg lying on top is pulled back, then it needs to be released.

If the leg cannot drop spontaneously, then bursitis has probably already formed.

To clarify the details, the doctor may prescribe an x-ray or MRI, but this is not always required.

The first step is to contact a competent specialist

Treatment of bursitis

With a disease such as hip bursitis, symptoms and treatment directly depend on the degree of damage. If therapy is started in the early stages of the disease (without completely covering the entire joint apparatus), then it is possible to relieve the inflammatory process and restore movement in the joint without surgical intervention.

In advanced cases, surgery is indicated.
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Conservative therapy

For bursitis of the hip joint, treatment consists of ensuring a state of rest for the movable joint, minimizing physical activity, and using means to assist movement while walking. Besides:

• In case of hip bursitis, treatment with drugs is prescribed to relieve inflammation and pain. If there is no effect from painkillers, then injections are made into the joint with injections that have a strong effect;
• If there is a large amount of liquid in the bag, then the contents are pumped out and medications are administered there. For hip bursitis, treatment (after the inflammatory process has been relieved) is continued using physiotherapeutic methods: ultrasound, electrophoresis, mud treatment, massage, warming;
• In case of hip bursitis, treatment with exercise therapy is prescribed to increase muscle tone and restore motor activity of the joint. The complex is selected individually depending on the affected area and the patient’s abilities.

When the disease is bursitis of the hip joint, treatment with drugs gives positive results at an early stage of development.

Operating method

Timely treatment, when bursitis has not spread to the entire hip joint, affecting the heads of the bones and muscles, will help restore former motor activity and get rid of pain. In cases where the disease has been advanced, conventional therapy does not produce results - surgery is performed.

Non-surgical therapy

• Prescription of painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of results from analgesics, intra-articular injections of potent drugs are prescribed.
• Reducing the load on the joint as much as possible and ensuring constant rest may also include the use of mobility aids.
• The purpose of therapeutic exercises, which keeps muscles toned and develops joint functions.

The complex is prescribed individually to each patient; therefore, general exercises should not be used, as they can help someone and, on the contrary, harm someone.

• Pumping out exudate when it accumulates in the bag, and administering medications by injection.

Operation

When acute attacks of pain do not respond to therapeutic treatment, the time comes for surgical intervention. The operation is aimed at removing the source of inflammation.

Modern technologies make it possible to make a small incision due to which blood loss is minimal and the patient’s recovery is maximum possible.

Like any other inflammation, bursitis is dangerous due to complications. In a normal inflammatory process, the fluid in the joint is serous and does not contain pus, but the nature of the effusion changes over time. If timely treatment is not prescribed, blood particles appear in the composition.

In advanced stages, the disease degenerates and purulent bursitis is observed. Inflammatory processes spread to surrounding tissues, sepsis and gangrene begin. Possible death.

The following complication after bursitis is also observed. The patient develops a chronic form of the disease. The constant alternation of remission and relapse of the pathology leads to disruption of the structure of cartilage tissue and, as a consequence, to disability.

What helps, treatment methods

Traditional therapy for the disease includes the prescription of conservative drug treatment. In general, the human body is able to cope with the problem on its own. Therefore, prescribed medications eliminate the symptoms of the disease, allowing the immune system to restore the normal functioning of the synovial bursa. For this purpose, the following drugs are prescribed:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - relieve inflammation and reduce pain, while eliminating muscle spasm.
  In case of severe pain, injections are prescribed directly into the cavity of the synovial bursa. Non-infectious bursitis is well treated with cortisone.
• Painkillers. Sometimes the nagging pain in the joint becomes so severe that a drug blockade is required. For the purpose of pain relief, the affected area is injected with ice-caine injections.
• Antibiotics - prescribed for purulent bursitis.
• Surgical intervention.

After a course of therapy, maximum immobilization of the limb and application of a fixing bandage are required. It is recommended to use a cane when moving.

How to treat with traditional methods

Traditional medicine can help reduce the manifestations of bursitis, for example, alleviate the condition of a patient who has pain in the pelvic joints. It should be understood that alternative methods of therapy are not a panacea and completely eliminate the disease in isolated cases.

What folk remedies help with hip bursitis?

1. Onion and sugar - the mixture is used for lotions. The components are taken in a ratio of 1 to 10. In some cases, laundry soap is added to the resulting composition. The compress is applied for 12 hours. The procedure is repeated until the swelling decreases.
2. Cabbage and burdock - wrap the affected area with fresh leaves. The compress is secured on top with a woolen cloth or down scarf. This remedy is effective if symptoms of mild bursitis are observed.

Non-operative drug treatment together with traditional methods of therapy can achieve significant improvements in the patient’s well-being.

Reconstruction of the hip joint after bursitis

Inflammation of the bursa leads to immobilization of the limb. During therapy, the leg is immobilized. Therapeutic exercise helps to cope with post-traumatic joint contracture. It is for this reason that each patient is prescribed exercise therapy for hip bursitis. Classes are developed depending on the clinical picture of inflammation and complications.

Timely seeking professional help will help cope with bursitis without the need for surgical intervention, with the least consequences for the patient.

Bursitis of the hip joint, you know the main symptoms of the disease, must be treated immediately. Timely therapy will help avoid surgical intervention. So, traditional therapy involves the following actions:

1. Ensuring a state of rest. That is, you must significantly reduce the physical load on the sore joint. You can use a crutch for this. Treatment in the early stages does not require hospitalization of the patient.

2. Use of painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs.

You can use both tablets and ointments: analgesics, Voltaren, Diclofenac. If the situation is serious and standard painkillers do not help, then you will have to use more serious substances that are injected into the joint capsule by injection.

3. Pumping out exudate.

4. Physiotherapeutic procedures after eliminating inflammation. Electrophoresis, massage, ultrasound irradiation, and heating are usually used here.

Naturally, during the treatment period we must not forget about muscle tone. To maintain it, the patient is prescribed physical therapy. The exercises are performed carefully and leisurely.

If you have discovered hip bursitis, symptoms, treatment with folk remedies - this is the information that will interest you first. It is advisable to note that therapy using herbal decoctions gives a very good effect. The following recipes may help you:

1. Hot pine bath.

To prepare the extract you will need pine needles, branches and cones. First, the raw materials must be soaked in cold water and put on fire.

After the liquid begins to boil, the cooking process continues for another 30 minutes. Next, the solution is poured into a jar and tightly closed with a lid.

The product is allowed to stand for 12 hours, after which it can be added to a bath of hot water. You will need about 1/4 kg of extract.

The duration of the bath is about 20 minutes.

2. Grapefruit juice is beneficial. It should be consumed daily, half a glass 3 times a day.

3. Compresses made from a mixture of honey (2 parts), vodka (3 parts) and aloe juice (1 part) are considered useful. The raw materials should be mixed well, placed on clean gauze and fixed on the affected area. This compress warms up well.

4. Take a large spoon of celery seeds and steam them with a glass of hot water. Infuse the mixture for 1.5 hours. Next, the liquid is filtered and taken half a glass twice a day. You need to drink the decoction for at least 2 weeks.

5. A mixture of propolis (15 g) and butter (100 g) gives a good result. The ingredients must be thoroughly ground and taken 1 tsp. an hour before meals for a week.

6. Take honey mixed with apple cider vinegar orally. To prepare the product, use 1 tsp. raw materials, having previously dissolved it in a glass of warm water. You should drink the mixture for about a week, 1-2 glasses.

7. A broken cabbage leaf, which is applied to the affected joint and tied with a warm scarf, can also help.

Treatment for bursitis should begin as early as possible. The effectiveness will be greater, the risk of complications will decrease. Conservative treatment of the disease is most accessible. It is recommended to limit active movements in the affected leg. Rest is necessary for a speedy recovery. Avoid excessive activity.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve inflammation. Voltaren, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen are often used. They relieve inflammation and swelling. The use of NSAIDs has advantages - they quickly relieve unpleasant symptoms and help improve active movements.

Physiotherapy is an important link in the treatment of trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint. Typically used, depending on the case, heat, cold, UHF. Reduces swelling and inflammation during bursitis, promotes a speedy recovery.

Immediately after a joint injury, cold is necessary. During chronic inflammation of the hip joint, cold will be harmful; the patient needs exposure to heat. The use of physiotherapeutic procedures is permissible after consultation with a doctor.

If there is inflammatory fluid in the joint mucosa, its removal is indicated. This is done using a puncture.

It is not dangerous for the joint. The extracted liquid is used for laboratory testing for diagnostic purposes.

Intra-articular injections are indicated. The injections include anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

The effect is long lasting. After injections, patients are advised to sleep on a pillow under their buttocks.

In rare cases, the injection is repeated.

In case of exacerbation of the disease, treatment measures are reduced to the following measures:

• Pulse magnetotherapy: 15 minutes daily for ten days;
• Infrared laser therapy on the affected area of ​​the greater trochanter, lasting 10 days;
• decimeter wave therapy;
• Percutaneous electroanalgesia for 15 minutes, 10 procedures.

After reducing the intensity of the inflammatory process, the patient is prescribed treatment:

• Ultrasonic phonophoresis using hydrocortisone;
• Applications with naphthalan;
• Shock wave therapy;
• Local cryotherapy using dry air.

Surgical treatment is used if conservative treatment does not produce results. During the operation, the doctor makes an incision in the trochanteric bursa. She is removed and the greater trochanter is examined. Irregularities on it are removed, the surface is smoothed. The skin is sutured. The wound is covered with a sterile bandage.

Rehabilitation measures are aimed at quickly restoring the functionality of the affected joint. In the first days of the postoperative period, exercise therapy is aimed at relieving swelling and pain.

Then special exercises are prescribed to develop the muscles. The duration of exercise therapy in the postoperative period is up to four months.

The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor.

Prevention of trochanteric bursitis is aimed at intensifying physical exercise, combating bad habits, and diet. It is important that the person does not stand for a long time. Elderly people are advised to undergo physiotherapeutic procedures and relax at a resort.

Although doctors categorically do not recommend self-treatment for this disease, sometimes not everyone has the opportunity to immediately see a doctor. Therefore, to relieve symptoms and relieve inflammatory processes, there are several traditional medicine recipes.

Bursitis therapy is a long process. The hip joint is constantly under stress when moving; it is difficult to limit mobility without compromising living conditions. Reducing pressure on the affected joint is a prerequisite for reducing pain.

For non-advanced pathologies, outpatient treatment is carried out. The doctor will prescribe several groups of drugs for maximum effectiveness and a comprehensive effect on the inflamed area.

Important! The use of traditional methods and anti-inflammatory compounds requires caution and competent selection. Purchasing medications without a doctor’s prescription often disrupts the treatment regimen and reduces the effectiveness of therapy. A weak impact on the destructive focus provokes the development of chronic bursitis.

Medications

Inflammation in the synovial bursa will decrease under the influence of the following compounds:

Treatment is always complex, including medications, puncture or arthroscopy, rest, physiotherapy, and sometimes folk remedies. Treatment for hip bursitis almost always begins with antibiotics.

Sometimes they are injected directly into the joint after removal of the effusion, combined with glucocorticoid hormones to quickly suppress inflammation.

Glucocorticoid drug

An increasing number of doctors are successfully using arthroscopy. This is a minor surgical intervention in which a probe equipped with a video camera and lighting is inserted into the joint cavity through a narrow access.

Arthroscopy is considered the standard of medical care, since it allows you to accurately determine not only the topic of the lesion, but also identify the smallest details of the individual structure and function, assess the severity of the process and understand the prognosis.

Arthroscopy

During arthroscopy, the internal cavities are examined, fluid is removed (sometimes laboratory testing is required), the necessary medications are administered, or bone spines, fibrin strands and calcifications are removed.

The introduction of glucocorticoid hormones allows you to stop the process as soon as possible. In particularly advanced cases, opening of the joint and its sanitation is required.

During the acute process, complete rest, most often bed rest, is prescribed. Then the range of motion expands, and you can use physiotherapeutic methods.

The most commonly used method is electrophoresis of drugs, when drugs are administered through an electric current through intact skin.

Complications

If treatment for trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint is not started on time, the disease can be fraught with the following consequences:

The transition of pathology to a chronic form. And this involves periodic repetition of inflammation.

Death of bursa tissue. This, in turn, will lead to limitation of movements.

Blood poisoning.

Formation of fistulas.

The development of osteomyelitis, that is, inflammation of bone tissue.

Prevention measures

It does not involve any specialized actions and boils down to following the recommendations:

• Maintaining normal weight. Moderate physical activity;
• If required, it is necessary to wear specialized shoes;
• Maintain strength and elasticity of the thigh muscles.

In case of bursitis of the hip joint, treatment with drugs is effective if the inflammation has not spread to the head of the bone and muscle.

The disease is hip bursitis; symptoms and treatment differ depending on the location of the inflammation.

When the disease occurs, hip bursitis, symptoms and treatment, causes not only physical discomfort, but also psychological discomfort.

Preventative measures can reduce the risk of development. Most of the recommendations are banal but effective and help to avoid many diseases.

• Lack of excess weight;
• Healthy immune system (immunity);
• Minimal loads on the joints and bones of the small pelvis;
• Fresh air and walking;
• Sports in moderation;
• Active lifestyle;
• Healthy sleep;
• Rest after a hard day;
• Eating healthy foods;
• Do not have bad habits;

Naturally, it is better to prevent pathology than to treat it. To avoid developing bursitis, try to follow these recommendations:

Keep the load on the hip joint minimal.

Give up bad habits.

Organize a complete and proper diet, which will make it possible to provide your body with the required “building” elements.

Try to buy only comfortable shoes, orthopedic ones if necessary.

Engage in physical activity that will help maintain constant muscle tone.

Avoid excessive weight gain.

Strengthen the body's defenses.

Lead an active life, but do not overload your joints.

That's all. Now you have complete information on the topic “Hip bursitis: symptoms, treatment and prevention.” Be healthy!

Trochanteric bursitis or trochanteritis is irritation of the joint capsule, followed by inflammation.

Symptoms of the disease

You suddenly felt a sharp pain in your upper thigh and it got worse during the night. You cannot sleep on the side where you felt pain and are trying to take painkillers to get enough sleep. You experience pain when walking and some movements of your leg, constantly rubbing the sore spot. The pain can flow to the outer side of the thigh, increasing the discomfort, while subsiding somewhat after the pill or even the injection, and returns again after a while.

Such symptoms may indicate the onset of trochanteric bursitis - inflammation of the joint capsule of the greater trochanter of the femur.

The greater and lesser trochanters (from the Latin trochanter) are rough tubercles on the femur to which the gluteal muscles attach. The trochanters, like all joints in our body, are surrounded by special joint capsules with biological lubricant. It was this part of our unique mechanism that could “fail” and begin to become inflamed, bringing with it sharp pain and a reflexive desire to urgently change the position of the body.

Causes

Our musculoskeletal system is a complex biological movement mechanism that requires regular and dosed load. The occurrence of bursitis of the greater trochanter of the femur can often mean the fact that we have either significantly exceeded the load on the legs, or, on the contrary, “launched” it by keeping it too long without movement and disrupting the blood circulation of our vessels.

The main causes of greater trochanteric bursitis are described below.

Injuries

Injuries that are divided into two categories:

• mechanical injuries such as bruise, fracture or blow. Injury can be provoked not only by a car accident or a blow to the upper thigh, but also, for example, by frequent “office” impacts on the corner of a table or other furniture, which, when repeated regularly, create microtraumas to the bursitis bursa;
• “monotonous injuries” associated with prolonged repetition of sudden movements of the hip with a wide amplitude.

The most common cases are recorded in professional sports, such as cycling and athletics. Almost the same high risk is present in professional ballet - when a ballerina performs elements of dance, when the leg very quickly makes a huge amplitude, or it is necessary to abduct the hip more than 150 degrees.

Similar problems are faced by folk dance artists who perform sharp hip movements at a fast pace (for example, the well-known “squat”), as well as circus acrobats, who often perform huge amplitude movements with their legs, which are not inferior in complexity to ballet art. However, not only professionals can get trochanteric bursitis, but also many people who have shown excessive zeal or violated the correct posture when doing fitness.

First of all, this concerns women who strive to pump up their thigh muscles in a short time at any cost.

As a result, instead of beauty, they end up with a painful problem, which must not only be treated, but also maintained in the future. Thus, any sudden and rapid movements of the legs, which lead to frequent tension of the gluteal muscles, can lead to injury to the bursitis bursa and its inflammation

Hypothermia

Unlike injuries, this cause is quite rare in our time, since overcooling the bursitis bursa and leading to an inflammatory process requires spending quite a long time in the cold. For example, spending the night on cold ground in a forest or in the mountains. Or keep your lower body in cold water for a long time.

If in earlier times travelers and wanderers could often encounter such a problem in the absence of a warm overnight stay, now we usually provide ourselves with comfort and warmth with the help of camping equipment.

Rachiocampsis

Long-term curvature of the spine affecting the overall skeletal structure or different leg lengths. Any imbalance in the human skeletal structure negatively affects the functioning of the musculoskeletal system. Deviation of this creates additional and constant stress on the joint of the longer leg, or the left/right side of the body depending on the curvature of the spine.

Additional stress increases joint friction and leads to bursitis. Pathologies such as cerebral palsy can also cause the same problem. However, in the presence of pathologies, as a rule, there is constant medical monitoring, and any office employee can get scoliosis after a couple of years of working in the wrong position at the desk. Therefore, we must remember the interconnection of all our organs and not be careless about joint disease.

Other reasons

Other joint diseases not related to skeletal imbalance. For example, arthritis, the development of which is complicated by menopause in women. There is an unpleasant statistic for women - they are susceptible to trochanteric bursitis 10-20% more often than men.

A large percentage of the disease occurs in people over 50 years of age, as it is complicated by the process of changes in the bone tissue of the joints and the deposition of salts (hydroxyapatite crystals), in which sudden movements with a large amplitude can cause trochanteric bursitis much more often than at a young age.

You can see more details about bursitis in the video below.

Diagnostics

There are practically no external signs of trochanteric bursitis, since the inflammation is located under a layer of buttock muscles and fatty tissue. A doctor (traumatologist, rheumatologist) usually performs palpation of the tibia and tests for leg movement. With trochanteric bursitis, pain will be found in the area of ​​the greater trochanter and behind it.

Movement tests will show an increase in pain in the side lying position, during the hip adduction movement (abduction of the hip to the side, in which the following muscle groups begin to work - pectineus, gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus), in the leg position on foot".

Additional examinations may be prescribed:

• radiography - to determine the condition of the joint and possible deviations (calcification of the periarticular areas, or the formation of osteophytes, the so-called bone spines);
• MRI or ultrasound to determine the presence of excess synovial fluid. At the same time, MRI must be done without fail if there is a suspicion of the need for surgical intervention, since this study will give the most complete picture of the condition of the joints, soft tissues and possible pathologies;
• administration of an anesthetic injection into the bursitis bursa.

Treatment

Treatment tactics for trochanteric bursitis always depend on the stage and established causes of the disease. In most cases, treatment is quite conservative. If you experience pain or get injured, you should apply a cold compress to the sore spot and do not delay your visit to the doctor. If the disease is primary in nature and does not require surgical intervention, pain-relieving injections or the prescription of widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, ibuprofen, voltaren) can be used.

It is recommended to rest and stop putting stress on the hip area; when lying down, it is recommended to place a pillow in the buttock area. Physiotherapy (electrophoresis and UHF) can also be prescribed to relieve swelling and pain. When visiting a doctor, always ask for recommendations on how to restore the function of the hip joint after pain has been relieved. The best option would be to undergo a course of physical therapy, which will not only restore the activity of the joint, but also reduce the risk of relapse.

If surgical intervention is necessary, the treatment plan is always individual, but the recovery and rehabilitation stages should almost always include exercise therapy.

Traditional methods of treatment

Traditional methods of treatment should always be in addition to the main course prescribed by the doctor. Moreover, the most correct step is to consult a doctor about the use of additional folk remedies. The most traditional and proven are compresses made from honey and cabbage leaves, but they will not give significant progress, since the site of inflammation is located quite deep under the layer of fatty tissue of the buttock.

Therefore, you can help your body from the inside. During a period of acute inflammation, a reasonable step would be to increase the dose of vitamin C (primarily rosehip, coriander, barberry, citrus fruits and the common ones - parsley and dill); you can also take chamomile infusions instead of tea and coffee. Taking royal jelly can be a good addition; it will be especially useful for women if they have already entered the menopause stage during this period.

Prevention

A healthy diet and regular balanced exercise are factors that will ensure your body’s basic safety and its ability to fight any disease. If you don’t have time or don’t have enough self-organization to monitor calories and the quality of your diet, make it a simple rule - eat one salad a day, no matter whether it’s vegetable or fruit.

For those who are especially lazy and don’t like cooking, there is a simple recipe - eat at least a bunch of lettuce every day. You can wrap a piece of boiled meat or chicken in it, or dip it in a low-fat sauce. As a result, vitamins will enter your body and give it the strength to fight. The same simple advice on physical activity.

If you regularly do fitness or simple gymnastics at home, then you are definitely a grateful owner of your biological machine. But if you don’t have the time, energy or money, then just walk in the fresh air. You can buy yourself a simple “pedometer” (if you don’t own an ipfone that can count your steps) and walk at least 5 km a day. Remember, these steps will help your health.

Despite its widespread occurrence, greater trochanteric bursitis often remains undiagnosed.

Bursitis is usually considered the main problem, but problems are more likely to occur at the attachment of the tendons of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles. Local trauma and degenerative processes play an important role in the pathogenesis. In some cases, calcification of the greater trochanteric bursa is observed. The causes of greater trochanteric bursitis are related to the load on the greater trochanter area: osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine or hip joints, different leg lengths and scoliosis.

Symptoms of greater trochanteric bursitis

Greater trochanteric bursitis predominantly develops in older people, slightly more often in women than in men. The main symptom is above the greater trochanter and along the lateral surface of the thigh. The pain intensifies when walking, various movements and lying on the affected hip. The onset of the disease can be acute, but more often the symptoms progress gradually over several months. In chronic cases, the patient has difficulty identifying the location of the pain or has difficulty describing the pain, and may not attach much importance to these symptoms or misinterpret them. Sometimes the pain resembles pseudoradiculopathy, radiating down and to the side of the thigh. In some cases, the pain is so severe that the patient is unable to walk and complains of diffuse pain throughout the entire hip.

Diagnostics

The best way to diagnose greater trochanteric bursitis is by palpation of the trochanteric area to identify point tenderness. In addition to specific pain upon deep palpation of the greater trochanter, other painful points of the lateral group of thigh muscles are identified. The pain intensifies with external rotation and abduction with resistance. Trendelenburg's sign is often positive.

Treatment

Treatment for greater trochanteric bursitis consists of local injections of glucorticoid depots using a 22-gauge, 3.5-inch needle to reach the bursa. The accuracy of injections increases fluoroscopic control with injections of radiocontrast agents. General recommendations include taking NSAIDs, losing weight, strengthening and stretching the gluteus medius muscle, and the iliotibial band.

The article was prepared and edited by: surgeon

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