Tests for the pathology of the endocrine system. Biology test on the topic "Endocrine system" (Grade 8) Which of the following substances are classified as hormones
In children, it lies slightly higher.
Increases markedly during puberty.
In old age, it decreases, to the detriment of the glandular substance, connective tissue grows.
Remains unchanged.
It occupies the same area on the neck.
The pyramidal lobe extends into the laryngeal region.
The lower ends of the lateral lobes reachVorVItracheal rings
The upper ends of the lateral lobes rise to the middle of the height of the thyroid cartilage
It is enclosed in a thin capsule - a derivative of the intracervical fascia - fascia.
In its own shell-fibrous capsule.
In the sheath of the neurovascular bundle.
Into the plate of the intracervical fascia.
The capsule of the thyroid gland will connect with the sheath of the neurovascular bundle.
With the larynx with the help of ligaments.
It is connected with the wall of the esophagus and pharynx by loose fiber.
With neck muscles.
Scalene muscles.
Anterior edge of sternoclavicular
Sternothyroid.
The sternum-hyoid and scapular-hyoid.
On the posterior surface of the lobes of the thyroid gland.
Below the thyroid gland, in the tissue near the trachea.
On the thymus.
Inside the thyroid gland.
Parenchyma.
Vesicles of various sizes - follicles lined with a single-layer cubic epithelium.
thin layers of connective tissue.
Complex system of excretory tracts.
The parenchyma is represented by tubercles-epithelial strands.
Seven crossbars each piece of iron is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule
Thin layers of connective tissue containing blood vessels.
From the cortex and medulla.
The thymus is located in the upper part of the anterior mediastinum.
The thymus occupies the space free from the pleura - the upper interpleural field.
On the posterior surface of the lobes of the thyroid gland.
If the cervical part is developed, then it spreads to the neck through the upper thoracic opening.
Reaches full development at the age of 20-25 years
Reaches puberty
The width of the cortex decreases after 59 years.
Remains unchanged.
What are the age characteristics of the thyroid gland?
What is the topography of the thyroid gland?
What is the thyroid gland?
What elements of the neck does the thyroid gland connect to?
What muscles cover the gland?
Where is the parathyroid gland located?
What is the thyroid gland made of?
What are the parathyroid glands made of?
What is the topography of the thymus?
What are the age-related changes in the adrenal cortex?
Red pulp, T-zone.
White pulp, B-zone.
Lymphoid follicles
Periarterial vagina
Filtration
Hematopoietic
Immune blood control
Immune control of the lymph.
medulla
Paracortical zone
Cortical layer
Node stroma
Palatine, tubal tonsils
Grouped lymphatic follicles of the appendix.
Solitary lymphoid follicles of the digestive system
Lingual, pharyngeal tonsils.
Produce immunocompetent cells
Include immunocompetent cells in the immune process.
Recognize cells and substances with signs of foreign information.
Destroy cells and substances with signs of foreign information.
Early laying in embryogenesis
Morphological maturity at the time of birth.
Rapid increase in organ size during childhood and adolescence
The parenchyma of all organs is made up of lymphoid tissue.
Location in well-defended areas
Early development in embryogenesis.
Are the site of differentiation of lymphocytes from stem cells
Determine the direction of differentiation of stem cells.
Location on the ways of introducing foreign substances into the body.
Consistent complication of the structure, depending on the magnitude and duration of antigenic exposure.
Produce immunocompetent cells.
Determine the direction of differentiation of stem cells.
thymus.
Fabricius bag
lymph nodes
Bone marrow.
tonsils
lymph nodes
Placenta
Broncho-associated lymphoid tissue.
1.5-2kg
Where is typical lymphoid tissue located in the spleen?
Which of the following functions are performed by lymph nodes?
What is the thymus-dependent area of the lymph nodes?
What about non-encapsulated lymphoid masses?
What are the functions of the organs of the immune system?
Specify the general regularities of the organs of the immune system.
Specify the features of the central organs of immunogenesis
Specify the features of the organs of the peripheral immune system
In which organs only lymphopoiesis occurs?
What organs are classified as temporarily immune?
What is the total mass of lymphoid tissue in humans?
Helpers
Suppressors
amplifiers
Killers
Graft rejection reactions
Antiviral
Antitumor protection
Graft-versus-host disease
Antitumor protection
Antibacterial protection
Neutralization of toxins
Antiviral protection
Primary collector of lymphoid tissue
Supply of lymphocytes to the organs of lymphocytopoiesis
Lymphocytes that have passed through the thymus acquire immunological competence.
Produce humoral factors
Endoderm of the pharyngeal part of the primary intestine
ectoderm
mesenchyme
Epithelium 3-4 pairs of gill pockets
Hypoplasia of the gland
The mass of the fetal thymus is inferior to the mid-latitude data at 25-28 weeks
In the dynamics of pregnancy progression, accidental (accidental) involution of the gland corresponds to grades 1-11
No regional specifics
Decreased lymphopoiesis in the gland with age
Decrease in organometric parameters
Change in the internal histological structure
Suppression by other organs
The greatest weight of iron reaches between 11-15 years - 25-35g.
In an adult, it undergoes reverse development
Throughout life is in the prime of structure and function
The thymus continues to grow until puberty
The shape of the gland is constant
Shape varies greatly
The organ is either short and thick, or elongated and narrow.
The outline of the thymus gland depends on the shape of the formations with which it comes into contact.
The gland consists of two asymmetric lobes
The surface is covered with a thin shell, giving inward partitions
The gland is made up of follicles
The gland consists of cortex and medulla.
What subpopulations of T cells have been identified?
What reactions are intended to carry out the T-system
What reactions are intended to carry out the B-system?
What mechanisms explain the role of the thymus as a central organ?
What is involved in the formation of the thymus.
Indicate the regional features of the thymus of northerners
Specify the causes of age-related involition of the thymus
What is the age characteristic of the thymus?
What is the shape of the thymus?
What is the structure of the thymus gland?
In the chest
In the retroperitoneal tissue above the upper cone of the corresponding kidney
Together with the kidneys covered by the renal fascia
At the level of the 11th thoracic vertebra in the peritoneal cavity
Tender connective tissue - a skeleton of tender connective tissue is distinguished
Lymphocytes
glandular tissue
Glandular cells are full of chromium salts - chromaffin cells
Lymphocytes
Chromaffin cells
sympathetic nerve cells
Thin connective tissue
With age, a significant increase in the adrenal glands is not observed.
Their absolute weight after birth still increases: in newborns - 6 g, in adults - 10-15 g
In old age, the medulla becomes almost twice as large as the cortical
Remains unchanged
The development of the cortical and medulla proceeds independently of each other.
Development occurs from chromaffin tissue.
The cortex develops from the mesoderm.
The medulla develops from nervous tissue.
Located in the fossa of the Turkish saddle of the sphenoid bone
In a chamber enclosed by the dura mater
It is connected by a leg with a gray mound of the diencephalon.
In the neck area.
endodermal
ectodermal
Mesodermal
diencephalon derivative
Represents an unpaired body of a rounded or ellipsoidal shape up to 0.5 g
Consists of anterior and posterior lobes and an intermediate part
From the cortex and medulla
From neuroglia, nerve fibers and from connective tissue in the form of a network of thin crossbars
Remains unchanged throughout life
By the period of puberty, the pituitary gland increases by 2 times 0.125-0.250g
Up to 40 years there is a gradual increase in its mass
After age 40, pituitary gland mass decreases
Under the hemispheres of the brain in depth
Part of the diencephalon
Connected to the thalamus by leashes and itself lies in the groove between the superior tubercles of the quadrigemina
On the lower base of the brain
What is the topography of the adrenal glands?
What is the structure of the cortex?
What is the structure of the brain matter?
What are the age characteristics of the adrenal glands?
Where does the adrenal gland develop?
What is the topography of the pituitary gland?
What is the origin of the pituitary gland?
What is the structure of the pituitary gland?
What are the age characteristics of the pituitary gland?
Where is the epiphysis located?
The epiphysis is an unpaired formation weighing 0.2 g
The pineal gland is a parenchymal gland covered with a connective tissue membrane.
The parenchyma consists of the main, ganglion cells, nerve fibers
The pineal gland is made up of cortical and medulla
After 7 years, there is a reduction in cellular elements
Remains unchanged
In older people, there is an overgrowth of connective tissue and the formation of calcareous bodies.
Reaches its greatest development in childhood
Formed by groups of pancreatic islets, which are formed by cell clusters
follicles
glandular epithelium
Follicular cells and corpus luteum cells
Cortex and medulla
glandular epithelium
follicles
In the pancreas
in the ovary
in the thymus
Melatonin
Intermedin
Prolactin
Luteinizing
Promotes skin lightening
Slows down puberty
Under its influence, a tan is acquired faster
Promotes early puberty
thyroxine
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
thyrocalcitonin
Triiodothyronine
What is the effect of thyroxin?
Promotes protein breakdown
Promotes the breakdown of fats
Promotes the breakdown of glycogen
Increases basal metabolism
Thyrotoxicosis
Cretinism
bronze disease
Dwarfism
Basedow's disease
Cretenism
myxidema
Acromegaly
Myxedema
Cretenism
precocious puberty
Basedow's disease
Affects the bones
Influences the exchange of calcium and fluorine
Promotes calcium deposition in bones
Decreases calcium levels in the blood
thyroxine
Parathormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Hydrocortisone
Parathormone
thyrocalcitonin
thyroxine
Intermedin
On the heart and blood vessels
On the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and bones
For the whole body
Regulates the exchange of calcium and fluorine
Flushes calcium from bones into blood
Increases calcium reabsorption in the tubules
Enhances calcium absorption in the intestine
convulsions
Osteoporosis
bronze disease
myxidema
convulsions
Acromegaly
Skin lightening
Bone destruction - osteoporosis
in the thyroid gland
In the pancreas
In the adrenal glands
in the parathyroid glands
Parathormone
Glucagon
thyroxine
What is the structure of the epiphysis?
What are the age characteristics of the epiphysis?
What is the endocrine part of the pancreas?
What is the endocrine part of the ovary?
Where are follicular cells located?
What hormone is produced in the pineal gland?
How does melatonin work?
Which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland?
Which microelement is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
What happens when there is a lack of thyroxine in a child?
What happens with a lack of thyroxine in adults?
What happens with an excess of thyroxine?
What is the effect of thyrocalcitonin?
Which hormone is an antagonist of thyrocalciotonin?
What hormones are produced by the parathyroid glands?
Which of the following organs is affected by parathormone?
What is the effect of parathyroid hormone?
What happens when there is a lack of parathyroid hormone?
What happens when there is an excess of prathoromne?
Where are the islets of Langergarns located?
What is produced in the alpha cells of the islets of Langergarns?
thyrocalcitonin
Vasopressin
Glucagon
Insulin
Increases the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
Reduces blood glucose
Promotes the synthesis of fat from glucose
Promotes the synthesis of proteins from amino acids
Hypoglycemic coma
Excess glycogen deposition in the liver
Diabetes
Diabetes
diabetes insipidus
Hypoglycemic coma
bronze disease
Promotes the breakdown of glycogen in the liver
Increases blood glucose
Promotes muscle glycogen synthesis
Promotes glycogen synthesis in the liver
Insulin
Lipoxin
Glucagon
Centropnein
Promotes glycogen synthesis
Increases the tone of the nuclei of the nearby nerve
Expands the lumen of the bronchi
Promotes the utilization of fats
Inhibits the activity of the central nervous system
Increases the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system
Excites the respiratory center, expands the lumen of the bronchi, increases the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen
Regulates all types of exchange
In the pancreas
in the pituitary gland
Inhibits the action of the parasympathetic nervous system
Excites the respiratory center, expands the lumen of the bronchi
Increases the tone of the nuclei of the vagus nerves and promotes erythropoiesis
Regulates calcium metabolism
Adrenaline and norepinephrine
Androgens, estrogens and progesterone
Mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
adrenocortropic hormone
What is produced in beta cells?
What is the effect of insulin?
What happens when there is a deficiency of insulin?
What happens when there is too much insulin?
What is the effect of glucagon?
What hormones are produced in the pancreas?
What is the function of lipocaine?
What is the function of centropnein
Where is vagotonin synthesized?
What is the function of vagotonin?
What hormones are synthesized in the adrenal medulla?
Relaxes the muscles of the bronchi, which expands their lumen.
Does not affect
Narrows the lumen of the bronchi
Causes a sharp spasm of the muscles of the bronchi
Does not affect
Increases saliva secretion and reduces gastric acid secretion
Promotes the secretion of all digestive juices
Reduces the secretion of all digestive juices
Increases in children and decreases in adults
Does not affect
Raises
Reduces heat production
Increases heat dissipation
Increases heat production and reduces heat dissipation
Reduces heat production and increases heat transfer
Does not affect
Expands
Expands at night, narrows during the day
Narrows
After meal
During sleep
Under stress
while reading a textbook
Brain deficiency does not lead to the development of any disease
Addison's disease
Not diabetes
Adrenaline and norepinephrine
Corticosteroids
sex hormones
Mineralocorticoids
adrenocorticotropic hormone
Glucocorticoids
Androgens and estrogens
Mineralocorticoids.
Adrenaline and norepinephrine
Corticosteroids
Mineralocorticoids
Androgens and estrogens
Aldosterone
Desoxycorticosterone
Androgens
Estrogens
What is the effect of adrenaline on the bronchi?
How does adrenaline affect the secretory activity of the gastrointestinal tract?
How does adrenaline affect basal metabolism?
How does adrenaline affect thermoregulation?
How does adrenaline affect the pupils?
Under which of the following conditions does the amount of adrenaline increase?
What disease occurs when there is insufficiency of the adrenal medulla?
What is produced in the zona glomeruli of the adrenal cortex?
What is produced in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex?
What is produced in the reticular cortex of the adrenal glands?
What hormones are mineralocorticosteroids?
Regulate water-salt metabolism
Promote sodium retention in the body
Increase the excretion of potassium in the urine
Contribute to the retention of chlorine in the body
Do not affect
Downgrade
In children it does not affect, in adults it decreases
Raise
Addison's disease
Hypertension and edema
bronze disease
Myxedema
Basedow's disease
Cretinism
Addison's disease
Impotence
Cortisone
Hormones in the hypothalamus
Estrogens
Hydrocortisone
Water exchange
Metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates
Exchange of mineral salts
Vitamin exchange
Enhances protein breakdown
Promote fat deposition
Promotes the synthesis of glucose in the liver
Promote the synthesis of proteins from amino acids
Stress
The intake of food
Synthesis of glucocorticoids does not depend on external factors
Deficiency of glucocorticoids in the body does not manifest itself in any way
Reduced resistance to harmful influences
Thyrotoxicosis
in the pituitary gland
In the adrenal medulla
In the gonads and adrenal cortex (in the reticular zone)
In the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex
sex gland hormones
Prolactin
Progesterone
Hormones of the reticular zone of the adrenal cortex
What is the effect of mineralocorticosteroids?
How do mineralocorticosteroids affect blood pressure?
What happens with an excess of mineralocorticosteroids?
What happens when there is a lack of mineralocorticosteroids?
What hormones are glucocorticoids?
What type of metabolism is regulated by glucocorticoids?
What is the function of glucocorticoids?
Which of the following reasons lead to an increase in the synthesis of glucocorticoids?
What happens in glucocorticoid deficiency?
Where are androgens and estrogens synthesized?
What sex hormones determine primary sexual characteristics?
Adrenal medulla hormones
sex gland hormones
neurohypophysis
Hormones of the reticular zone of the adrenal cortex
Accelerates puberty
Causes regression of the uterus and ovaries
Leads to the appearance of secondary male sexual characteristics
Leads to the disappearance of primary female sexual characteristics
Accelerates puberty
Leads to the disappearance of secondary male sexual characteristics
Leads to the development of hermaphroditism
It leads to the disappearance of primary male sexual characteristics.
The presence of secondary male sexual characteristics in women
The presence in one individual of both the testis and the ovary
The appearance of secondary female sexual characteristics in men
Congenital absence of gonads
In the adrenal medulla
In the adrenal cortex
in the ovaries
In the testes
Disruption of the normal course of pregnancy
Secondary male sexual characteristics appear
Secondary female sexual characteristics disappear
Stops lactation
Hormones that affect every tissue in the body
Hormones that selectively affect one particular tissue
Hormones produced by specialized cells of organs other than endocrine glands
Hormones that are destroyed in tissues
Leather
Gastrointestinal tract
Brain
Parathormone
Melatonin
thymosin
Increases the number of lymphocytes in the blood
Stimulates the development of the testicles and ovaries
Lowers blood sugar levels
Regulates basal metabolism
thyroxine
Renin
Centropnein
Vagotonin
What sex hormones determine secondary sexual characteristics?
How does the increased content of androgens affect the female body?
How does high estrogen levels affect the male body?
What is hermaphroditism?
Where is progesterone synthesized?
What happens when there is a deficiency of progesterone in women?
What are tissue hormones?
Which of the following organs does not synthesize tissue hormones?
What hormone is synthesized in the thymus?
What does thymosin do?
What hormone is synthesized in the kidneys?
Promotes the breakdown of fats
Increases blood pressure
Lowers blood pressure
Promotes skin lightening
Somatostanin
Cholecystokin-pacreozymin
Lipocaine
Estrogens and progesterone
Oxytocin
Hormones of the adrenal cortex
Estrogens and progesterone
Prolactin
Follicle stimulating and luteinizing
Oxytocin
Prolactin
Hormones of the placenta
Follicle stimulating
Oxytocin
Front
intermediate
Hypothalamus
rear
Follicle stimulating and luteinizing
Vasopressin and oxytocin
Thyrotropic and adrenocorticotropic
Lactotropic and somatotropic
Bones and cartilage
endocrine glands
Somatotropic hormone affects the entire body
Acceleration of body growth under the influence of excess somatotropic hormone
Slowdown of puberty under the influence of hormone deficiency
Deceleration of body growth under the influence of growth hormone deficiency
sexual perversion
Acceleration of body growth with a lack of somatotropic hormone
Excessive growth of hands, feet, internal organs with an excess of somatotropic hormone
Increase in height and body weight under the influence of excess somatotropic hormone
Increase in body height under the influence of excess thyroid hormone
Increase in height and body weight
Violation of internal development
overweight body
Test 1
A1. Endocrine glands secrete:
A) vitamins B) hormones
C) digestive juices D) sweat and sebum
A2. The endocrine system includes:
A) sweat glands B) salivary glands
C) sebaceous glands D) adrenal glands
A3. Thyroid dysfunction may be due to nutritional deficiencies
A) iodine B) chlorine C) vitamin A D) carbohydrates
A4. Increased body temperature, thinness, "bulging" eyes and increased excitability can serve as signs of a violation
A) B)A5. The pancreas is considered a gland of mixed secretion, tk.
A) secretes digestive juices and the hormone insulin
C) systems D) vestibular apparatus
A10. The hypothalamus affects the work of the endocrine glands using as a "mediator"
A) pituitary gland B) somatic NS
B) digestive system D) adrenal glands
IN 1. Choose 3 correct answers. Select the glands related to the endocrine system
adrenal glands
thyroid
glands in the walls of the stomach
sweat glands
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between hormones and their features
PeculiaritiesHormone
A) secreted by the pancreas
B) stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen
B) enhances the work of the CCC
D) acts similarly to sympathetic NS
D) is the secretion of the adrenal glands
E) ensures the uptake of glucose by cells
1) adrenaline
2) insulin
Test for grade 8on the topic "Glands of internal secretion"
Questions with one correct answer
1. Endocrine glands form a system: A) endocrine. B) touch. C) digestive. D) lymphatic. E) immune.
2. External secretion gland: A) Epiphysis. B) Thyroid. C) Pituitary. D) Salivary. E) Adrenals.
3. External secretion glands that form and secrete sweat:A) salivary.
B) lacrimal.
C) sweat.
D) Dairy. E) adrenal glands.
4. Endocrine gland: A) Salivary. B) Pituitary. C) sweat. D) lacrimal. E) Dairy.
5. Mixed glands: A) Sexual. B) Salivary. C) Adrenals. D) lacrimal. E) sweat.
6. Exocrine function of the female gonads education:A) spermatozoa. B) estrogen. C) eggs. D) Androgens. E) Female and male hormones.
7. With a lack of growth hormone in an adult, a disease occurs: A) Cretinism. B ) Graves' disease. C) Acromegaly. D ) Diabetes. E) Gigantism.
8. Location of the pituitary gland:A) area of the thyroid cartilage.C) posterior surface of the thyroid gland.C) The upper part of the kidneys. D) Under the stomach. E) base of the brain.
9. The disease pituitary dwarfism occurs when there is a lack of a hormone: A) thyroxine. B) parathyroid hormone.
C) thymosin.
D) Growth. E) adrenaline.
10. Thyroid hormone: A) Vasopressin. B) thyroxine. C) Oxytocin. D) Parathyroid hormone. E) Adrenaline.
11. With a lack of thyroxine at an early age, a disease occurs: A) Myxedema. B ) Addison's disease. C ) Graves' disease. D ) Diabetes. E) Cretinism.
12. With a lack of iodine in food, a person becomes ill: A) myxedema. B) acromegaly. C) Graves' disease. D ) Endemic goiter.E) diabetes.
13. The main symptom of the disease is diabetes mellitus: A ) bulging eyes. B) Thirst. C ) Growth disorder. D ) Violation of sexual development. E ) Muscle cramps.
14. Acts opposite to insulin:A) glucagon.
B) thymosin.
C) adrenaline.
D) Norepinephrine. E) thyroxine.
15. Produces thymosin hormone: A) adrenal glands. B) the thyroid gland.C) parathyroid gland. D ) Pancreas.E) thymus gland.
16. The composition of thyroid hormones includes: A) Iodine. B) Fluorine. C) Bromine. D) Chlorine. E) Iron.
17. Reduces blood glucose levels: A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) thymosin. D) Adrenaline. E) thyroxine.
18. The adrenal glands are located: A) Under the kidneys. B) under the stomach. C ) In the region of the larynx. D ) Based on the skull. E) Above the kidneys.
19. Iron that releases biologically active substances into the blood: A) Salivary. B) Lacrimal. C) sweat. D) Dairy. E) Thyroid.
20. Produce the hormone androgen:A) female sex glands.B) adrenal glands.
C) male sex glands.
D a) parathyroid glands.E) thyroid gland.Right answers
- A D C B A C C E D B E D B A E A A E E C
Biology test The role and functions of the endocrine system for 8th grade students with answers. The test consists of 2 options. In the first version - 21 tasks, in the second - 18 tasks.
1 option
1. Where do the hormones produced by the endocrine glands go directly?
A. Into the intestines
B. Into tissue fluid
B. Into the bloodstream
G. On the surface of the skin2. What regulates the instantaneous reactions of the body?
A. Hormones
B. Peripheral nervous system
B. Central nervous system3. What diseases develop with a lack of thyroid hormone?
A. Myxedema
B. Graves' disease
B. Gigantism
D. Cretinism4. What gland dysfunction in an adult is associated with acromegaly disease, enlargement of the feet and hands, soft tissues of the face?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenals5. Does the environment affect the function of the endocrine glands?
A. Yes
B. No6. What are hormones?
A. A mixture of fats and carbohydrates
B. Solutions of salts and calcium
B. Biologically active substances7. What hormone is produced by the pancreas?
A. Renin
B. thyroxin
B. Adrenaline
G. Insulin8. What hormone is produced by the adrenal glands?
A. Insulin
B. Neurohormones
B. Adrenaline9. What diseases are associated with dysfunction of the pituitary gland?
A. Asthenia
B. Graves' disease
B. Gigantism
D. Diabetes mellitus
D. Obesity
E. Dwarfism10. What diseases and changes in the activity of the body are associated with a violation of the pancreas?
A. Myxedema
B. Dwarfism
B. Hypertension
D. Diabetes mellitus11. The endocrine glands include:
A. Sweat glands and pituitary gland
B. Thyroid and adrenal glands
B. Pituitary gland and mammary glands
G. Sebaceous and genital12. The hormone insulin, by its very nature, is:
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
V. Lipid
D. Mineral substance13. The German doctor K. Basedow described a disease (Basedow's disease) caused by a malfunction of the gland:
A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid
B. Liver
G. Pituitary gland14. Hormones are produced by glands:
A. External secretion
B. Internal secretion
B. Mixed secretion15. The content of what chemical element in the cells of the thyroid gland is greater than in other tissues?
A. Yoda
B. potassium
B. iron16. Which of the operations will lead to an increase in blood glucose levels?
A. Ligation of the pancreatic ducts
B. Removal of the duodenum
B. Removal of the pancreas17. The regulation of the level of hormones in the blood is carried out:
A. Only by the nervous mechanism
B. Only by the humoral mechanism
B. Neurohumoral mechanism18. The glands of mixed secretion include:
A. Salivary
B. Pancreas
B. Pituitary gland
G. Adrenals19. What are the differences in the hormonal systems of dwarfs and giants?
20. Which hormone significantly increases energy consumption in the body?
21. Which hormone should be injected into the blood of a diabetic patient?
Option 2
1. What is the importance of hormones?
A. Regulate the functions of organs
B. Regulate body growth
B. Regulate the development of the body
D. Regulate metabolism
D. Participate in digestion2. What chemical element is the active ingredient in thyroxine, a thyroid hormone?
A. Brom
B. Potassium
B. Yod
G. Iron3. Which of the endocrine glands controls all hormonal processes in the body?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenals
G. Pancreas4. What affects the function of the endocrine glands?
A. Consciousness
B. Central nervous system
B. Pituitary hormones
D. Autonomic nervous system5. What is the direct source of hormone secretion in the body?
A. Food
B. Light
To the air
D. The organism itself6. What is biologically active substances?
A. A mixture of fats and carbohydrates
B. Calcium salt solution
B. Hormones
D. Weak solutions of acids7. Which gland produces the hormone insulin?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenals
G. Pancreas8. What diseases are associated with dysfunction of the thyroid gland?
A. Myxedema
B. Graves' disease
B. Gigantism
D. Diabetes mellitus
D. Obesity
E. Dwarfism9. As a result of a blood and urine test, a person was diagnosed with a disease - diabetes mellitus. What gland activity disorder is associated with this disease?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenals
G. Pancreas10. The glands that secrete hormones into the blood are combined into:
A. The circulatory system
B. Lymphatic system
B. Endocrine system
G. nervous system11. When boarding a crowded bus, a person experiences an increased excretion of:
A. Insulina
B. Adrenaline
B. Growth hormone
G. thyroxina12. The endocrine and nervous systems act:
A. Independent of one another
B. Complementing one another
B. Completely duplicate each other
D. Separate from one another, each in its own sphere13. Neurohormones are substances secreted into the blood:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Thyroid gland
B. Pituitary neurons
G. Pancreas14. The glands of mixed secretion include:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Pancreas
B. Thyroid gland
D. Sebaceous glands15. Which hormone deficiency leads to cretinism?
A. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenal glands
B. Pancreas
G. Thyroid gland16. Adrenaline is produced in:
A. Gonads
B. Pituitary
B. Thyroid gland
G. Adrenal glands17. The hypothalamus is part of:
A. The cerebral cortex
B. diencephalon
B. Midbrain
G. medulla oblongata18. Exocrine glands are
A. Pituitary gland
B. Pancreas
B. Thyroid gland
D. Sweat glandsAnswers to the test in biology The role and functions of the endocrine system
1 option
1-B
2-B
3-B
4-B
5-A
6-B
7-G
8-B
9-BE
10-G
11-A
12-B
13-B
14-BV
15-A
16-B
17-B
18-B
19. lack of growth hormone (somatotropic hormone) produced by the pituitary gland leads to a slowdown in body growth, and an excess leads to an increase in body length
20. adrenal corticosteroid hormones
21. insulin
Option 2
1-B
2-B
3-B
4-B
5 B
6-B
7-G
8-B
9-A
10-B
11-B
12-B
13-B
14-B
15-A
16-G
17-B
18-GPathology of the endocrine system - tests, with answers
1) The function of the endocrine glands depends on
a) the state of the National Assembly
b) the state of the circulatory system
c) the state of the gastrointestinal tract
2 Test) Hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland is accompanied by
a) severe dysplasia
b) increased growth
c) physical and sexual underdevelopment
3) Hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland is accompanied by
a) increased growth
b) disproportion of the exterior
c) growth disorder
4) Comes during hibernation
Test 5) Basedow's disease is the most typical form
a) hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland
b) hyperfunction of the thyroid gland
c) hypofunction of the thyroid gland
6) Endemic goiter is observed when
a) lack of iodine
b) excess iodine
c) lack of vitamins
7) The deposition of calcium in the body occurs when
a) hyperfunction of the glands
b) glandular hypofunction
8) A lack of calcium in the blood occurs when
a) hyperfunction of the glands
b) glandular hypofunction
9) Adrenaline is produced
a) adrenal glands
b) kidneys
c) pancreas
10) Insulin is produced
a) adrenal glands
b) kidneys
c) pancreas
11. Test.) A hormone that protects the body from stress
a) adrenaline
b) insulin
c) anxiety hormone
12) Adrenaline-
a) increases the work of the heart
b) enhances the work of the liver
c) enhances the work of the kidneys
13) What pathology is associated with dwarf growth, preservation of childish body proportions, underdevelopment of the reproductive apparatus, lack of secondary sexual characteristics?
a) hypothyroidism;
b) hyperfunction of the pituitary gland;
c) hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland.
14) Pathology of what gland is manifested by growth disorder?
a) epiphysis;
b) adrenal glands;
c) pituitary gland;
15) Violation of the function of which gland is accompanied by cramps of the lower and upper extremities, mainly flexor muscles, changes in calcium balance?
a) parathyroid glands
b) adrenal glands;
Test. 16) What is the name of the endocrine gland, with a lack of function of which there is a bronze coloration of the mucous membranes and skin, especially skin folds?
a) parathyroid glands;
b) adrenal glands;
c) pituitary gland;
17) What disease of the thyroid gland is characterized by an increase in the level of thyroxine and triiodothyronine with a simultaneous decrease in the level of thyroid stimulating hormone?
a) hypothyroidism
b) diffuse toxic goiter
c) euthyroid goiter
Answers to tests on the topic Pathology of the endocrine system.
1)a 6)a 11)c 16)b
2)b 7)a 12)a 17)b
What does renin do?
Which of the following hormones is not a gastrointestinal hormone?
What hormones contribute to the formation of mammary glands?
What hormones promote the synthesis of breast milk?
What hormones promote the release of breast milk?
What are the parts of the pituitary gland?
Which of the following hormones is produced in the anterior pituitary gland?
Which of the following hormones and tissues is not affected by growth hormone?
What is gynophysial nanism?
What is gigantism?
What occurs with an excess of somatotropic hormone in adults?
