The best period for conceiving a child. Ovulation test

The concept of "favorable days for conception" is inextricably linked with pregnancy planning. The female body is a complex system that requires an individual approach, which is why the onset is possible only in a special period of time, the calculation of which is based on the characteristics of the female body and the period of maturation of the egg.

How to determine favorable days for conceiving a child? It is not difficult to calculate the required period of time, knowing the characteristics of your body and the estimated date of maturation of the egg.

What is ovulation?

The duration of the female cycle averages 28-30 days and begins its countdown from the first day of menstrual bleeding. On the 14-16th day, in the ovaries, the egg matures, goes into the fallopian tube and passes to the uterus.

The duration of the process is about a day and is called ovulation.

Simply put, it is at this time that pregnancy is possible. Given that male germ cells - spermatozoa, live for about 5 days, you can calculate the best time for conception - 5 days before the release of the egg and 12-15 hours after, the period starting a week before menstrual bleeding is considered unfavorable.

Unfavorable day for conception - what does it mean? This concept refers to the period of time during which the chances of conception are minimal.

At first glance, everything is quite simple, but the processes occurring in the female body are individual and do not lend themselves to systematic approaches. The above information is average and true only in the case of a regular menstrual cycle.

More often, ovulation occurs at different time intervals and goes unnoticed or accompanied by:

pain in the lumbar region, as well as in the lower abdomen;
non-excessive bleeding.

ovulation chart

To determine the favorable time for conceiving a child according to an individual schedule, it will take from 4 months to a year, with an unstable cycle.

During this period of time, the expectant mother needs to carefully study her menstrual cycle, its duration, the duration of bleeding, changes in the body at various intervals of the cycle.

Successful days under the conditions of a regular cycle are quite simple to determine, this is the period from 8 to 17 days, while the 12th day of the cycle is considered the most favorable for conception. Otherwise, the calculation is based on the duration of the shortest and longest cycles in a year.

For this:

subtract 19 from the number of days of the smallest cycle;
subtract 10 from the number of days of the longest cycle.

The duration of the shortest cycle for the year was 27 days, the longest - 34. After the calculations, it turns out that the total is 8 and 24. Thus, the most favorable period is the period from 8 to 24 days of the female cycle.

When using the schedule, you need to keep in mind that even with regular menstruation, ovulation may not occur at the specified time, due to:

pathology of the reproductive system, thyroid gland;
the use of hormonal drugs;
stressful situations.

Basal temperature readings

Another way to determine the best days for conception after menstruation is to control changes over several cycles. The temperature is measured in the morning, without getting out of bed, after a long sleep (at least 3 hours).

It is best to measure at about the same time, because for every hour of sleep, body temperature increases by 0.1 0 C. Measurements are taken in the oral cavity, vagina or rectally.

The use of this method involves the use of a thermometer (preferably electronic), a notebook that reflects daily:

temperature (in the form of a graph),
factors influencing its change (alcohol use, medications, increased sleep duration, etc.),
other notes related directly to the definition of ovulation (vaginal discharge, pain in the lower abdomen, etc.).

At the very beginning of the cycle, the body temperature ranges from 36.1 to 36.6 0 C. In the second half, the degrees begin to rise and reach a peak of 37 - 37.4 0 C, the day before menstrual bleeding, the temperature drops sharply to the original, in the event of pregnancy, the temperature remains elevated.

It is between low and high temperatures that the day of conception is indicated, which means the release of a mature egg, which is accompanied by a decrease in temperature by 0.1 - 0.3 0 C, relative to the values at the beginning of the cycle.

Analyzing temperature changes, you can calculate the time of ovulation, and, accordingly, the time of conception. An accurate conclusion is made on the basis of a minimum of several cycles, taking into account the factors affecting the temperature change.

To conceive a baby, parents should prepare in advance. Bad habits, malnutrition, diseases can adversely affect the development and health of the fetus.

When planning a pregnancy, both mom and dad are advised to follow the general rules:

Give up bad habits, drinking alcohol, smoking tobacco;
Healthy nutrition and the presence in the body of the necessary trace elements and minerals is the key to the health of the unborn child;
A complete medical examination of parents is a mandatory event when planning a pregnancy;
Sound sleep and active rest are the best helpers for toning the parent's body.

Following simple advice will significantly speed up the onset of pregnancy and give birth to a healthy, strong baby. There are separate tips for each of their parents.

A sharp temperature drop negatively affects the seminal fluid, which means that visiting a bath or sauna when trying to conceive a child is contraindicated for the future dad;
The quality of sperm is negatively affected by riding a motorcycle, cycling or horseback riding. For the time of preparation for pregnancy, such hobbies should be forgotten;
Moderate sports are encouraged, and the use of steroid drugs dramatically reduce the likelihood of conceiving a child;
In the frequency of sexual intercourse, it is necessary to adhere to the golden mean, since with frequent ejaculations, the concentration of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid decreases, and long-term abstinence leads to death, or reduced activity of male germ cells.

For a successful conception, a woman needs not only to calculate the favorable period, but also to follow some recommendations and tips.

For the desired pregnancy to occur, you need to stop taking hormonal drugs and contraceptives no later than a year before the desired time of conception;
For successful fertilization, lubricants and douching should be abandoned. These funds destroy the natural microflora of the vagina and contribute to the death of male germ cells;
Fertilization is most likely in cases where the man is on top during the end of sexual intercourse. After ejaculation, it is recommended to be in a horizontal position for at least half an hour, placing a pillow under the buttocks;
It has been scientifically proven that stress significantly reduces the chances of successful conception, therefore, the expectant mother needs to forget about the desired pregnancy and domestic problems for a while.

Conclusion

So, the day of conception is the time of fertilization of a mature egg. The correct calculation of this period of time does not guarantee 100% success, but will significantly increase the chances of pregnancy. Fertilization is also influenced by external factors, the action of which must be taken into account.

For example, the best time for conception is the autumn season, because during the summer the mother's body managed to get enough vitamins, relax and get stronger. The above information will allow you to use the most comfortable method for determining the cherished days, and following the advice for future parents will significantly increase the chances of a successful pregnancy.

Video: About dangerous days

How to calculate favorable days for conceiving a child. Men are always capable of fertilization. But in women there is some duality: on the one hand, it is very easy for them to get pregnant, and on the other, it is almost impossible. Why does this happen? In our article, we will tell when can i get pregnant for sure.

What you need to know about menstruation

The cycle starts on the first day of menstruation. At this time, the uterus bleeds, a new egg matures in the ovaries. It lasts differently for every woman. Further, luteinizing hormone is produced, which leads to the fact that an egg is released from the follicle. This means that ovulation is taking place. Its duration is only 1-2 days. At this time, conception occurs. For this it is enough:

With intercourse that happened before ovulation: so that the spermatozoa survive and wait for the release of the egg. Usually spermatozoa die within a couple of hours after ejaculation, but some of them are able to live up to 5 days.
With sexual intercourse that occurred after ovulation: it is important to catch the egg when it is still capable of fertilization.

13-14 days after ovulation, menstruation begins again.

What days are you unable to get pregnant?

Many women do not recognize the means of protection in the form of drugs, spirals and condoms. They prefer the calendar method of contraception. We hasten to disappoint that it is extremely unreliable, because there are no completely safe days. You can get pregnant at any time, as there are no periods with zero probability. It's just that on some days the chances of getting pregnant increase, while on other days they decrease.

More or less safe time is considered to be a few days before and after menstruation. To calculate dangerous days, you need to know the length of the cycle. The main condition is that it must be stable.

If the cycle lasts 28-30 days, then the greatest chances of conceiving a baby occur on days 14-15, during ovulation. Sometimes there are deviations due to diseases, the use of drugs, stress and nervous breakdowns.

Ways to calculate ovulation

Calculate correctly what days can you get pregnant extremely difficult. To do this, you need to fully analyze the menstrual cycle for the last year. If hormonal contraceptives were taken at this time, then the calculations may be incorrect.

To monitor menstruation, you need to have a special calendar. With an irregular cycle, it will not be possible to determine a good time for conception.

If there were no failures, then the calculation is made as follows:

For the year it is necessary to note the shortest and longest cycle.
The number 18 must be subtracted from the number of days of a short cycle. The resulting figure is the day from which the chances of getting pregnant increase. For example, a short cycle is 24 days. We subtract 18, we get 6. This means that the favorable time for conception begins on the sixth day of the menstrual cycle.
From the days of the long cycle, you must subtract the number 11. The result obtained means the day when the time ends with an increased probability of becoming pregnant. For example, a long cycle is 28 days. We subtract 11, we get 17. That is, from the 17th day of the menstrual cycle, this favorable time ends.

Also, to determine the days of ovulation, the following methods are used:

Measurement of basal temperature. For an accurate calculation, a month of observations is required. Measurements are taken daily immediately after sleep. You can't get up. A mercury thermometer measures the basal temperature in the mouth, vagina or anus for 10 minutes. The normal temperature is considered to be 36.5-36.8 degrees Celsius. Before ovulation, the temperature jumps to a value of 37.2, and then drops sharply.
Using an ovulation test
Ultrasound diagnostics.

For ease of calculation, you can use.

Can you get pregnant before your period?

It is impossible to give a sure answer to this question. Conception may or may not occur. First, let's see why you can give a positive answer.

The chance increases in healthy women who are sexually irregular. Pregnancy can occur after every sexual intercourse. For rare sex, the body gives such a reaction as unscheduled ovulation. It can be provoked by the sperm itself, or rather the substances that it contains. Women who have a regular sex life rarely experience this phenomenon.

Pregnancy before menstruation may not occur. As you know, ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle. The egg dies before the onset of menstruation. If ovulation occurs again or later, then there will be no conception. This is because the hormonal background of a woman is being rebuilt for a new cycle.

Does conception occur during menstruation?

In the first days of menstruation, the chances of getting pregnant are minimized. With abundant bleeding, an unfavorable environment is created for spermatozoa and subsequent implantation of the embryo. But the possibility of getting pregnant should not be completely ruled out.

A child can be conceived in the following situations:

in violation of the menstrual cycle, which is caused by heavy physical exertion, infections, diseases and stress;
with long periods (for example, a couple of days remain before ovulation, then the sperm can wait for the release of the egg);
with the wrong calculation of days for sex.

Is it possible to get pregnant immediately after menstruation?

Many women prove that after the end of menstruation for a couple of days. This is absolutely not true. Doctors warn that you can conceive a child at any time.

As described above, spermatozoa can remain active and viable in the female genital tract for up to 5 days. If the periods are long and the cycle is short, then the probability of getting pregnant will be very high. Just at a time favorable for conception, sexual intercourse can take place.

Causes of pregnancy after menstruation include:

sperm viability;
maturation in one cycle of several eggs;
shift in the usual time of ovulation. It may not occur in the middle of the cycle, but much later or earlier. In young girls, this happens due to the irregularity of menstruation, and in adult women - due to hormonal abnormalities.

Question on what day after menstruation can you get pregnant, you can give a completely accurate answer - to any.

Here are some helpful tips to help you conceive a baby:

More chances for fertilization gives sexual intercourse during ovulation. This is the most successful option.
If sex occurred before ovulation, then it is necessary that the spermatozoa survive to meet the egg. A man must be in good health. To determine the viability of spermatozoa, it is necessary to pass a spermogram. If the tests are unsatisfactory, it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
If a couple has sex after ovulation, then there are only 3 days for successful fertilization. It all depends on the health of the woman. There must be enough hormones in her body to conceive a child.

In any case, the ability to be parents depends on the ability to use the menstrual calendar. It is necessary to monitor the length of your cycle in order to know the exact time of ovulation.

Don't put off your child

Mentally, for the appearance of the baby, young parents begin to prepare, probably already at the wedding table. Why is a family created, if not for procreation? Some even before marriage stipulate who they want: a boy or a girl. But what is the surprise when no signs of pregnancy appear.

This article is for those who are waiting for the onset of pregnancy as a miracle, but for some reason it does not occur.In such cases, usually a young woman goes to the doctor. Does she want to know how to get pregnant? How to calculate the best days for conception?

To the doctor - together!

Most often, the spouse is also invited to the antenatal clinic. You have to go there together, as they once went to the registry office. The gynecologist, of course, will tell you how to calculate the most favorable days for conceiving a baby. But before that, an anamnesis will be collected ( anamnesis — a set of information obtained during a medical examination by questioning the subject himself and / or persons who know him. The study of anamnesis, like questioning in general, is not just a list of questions and answers to them. The psychological compatibility depends on the style of the conversation between the doctor and the patient, which largely determines the ultimate goal - to alleviate the patient's condition. ) - find out when and how both spouses were ill. After conducting the necessary research, recommendations will be made.

Doctors believe that it takes six months to prepare for conception. For half a year, the female body must get stronger in order to bear a healthy child. The body of a man, no matter how strange it may seem, also needs to be prepared.

Vitaminization - first of all!

Even if the couple is healthy, vitamins will be prescribed for the man and woman. And both are the same. Folic acid, vitamins A, E, C; prescribe zinc and selenium.

You ask: why?

The same general tonic drugs act on the male and female body in different ways.

Folic acid, which is called the "vitamin of pregnancy." In women before conception, it promotes the maturation of eggs. In men - high-quality sperm. However, a woman will drink this vitamin until the end of pregnancy. A man can be stopped with a successful onset of conception.
Vitamin A in men causes sexual desire and improves sperm quality. An unborn child needs vitamin A for the peephole. But usually doctors do not allow to exceed its dosage.
"Women's vitamin" E, which is called the vitamin of youth and beauty, takes care of the skin, bones, nails. In men, it promotes the maturation of spermatozoa.
Vitamin C is a good stimulant. It will protect spermatozoa from free radicals. It is also important for women.
Selenium promotes the production of sperm and prolongs their life, not allowing them to die prematurely.
Zinc also increases the viability of spermatozoa. So, it is useful for men for a full conception.
B vitamins are more often prescribed to women on the eve of conception: B6 - contributes to the proper formation of the cerebral cortex in the unborn baby. The body of the expectant mother should be saturated with it. In addition, in combination with B12 and B1, it has a positive effect on the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal system of the developing fetus. These vitamins should be enough in the body of the expectant mother even before conception.
Vitamin D is good for both mother and child. It is necessary for the formation of healthy teeth in the baby. And for the preservation of the teeth of a mother who carries a child under her heart.

When the future parents have become stronger, physically and mentally prepared for the appearance of a small family member, you can start calculating the correct day for the conception of the first child.

Methods for determining the best days for conception

calendar
vaginal
ultrasonic
test
calculator
folk

calendar method

The first way you will probably be offered in the antenatal clinic. It consists in maintaining the women's calendar. But this must be done punctually, in the morning measuring the basal temperature at the same time in the rectum or vagina.

The data is neatly entered into the calendar. On normal days, the rectal temperature will be 36.6°. Just before ovulation, it will rise to 37 °. During ovulation - up to 37.2 °. After a month, you can draw a curve by connecting the value points.

The next month, immediately after mensis, we again enter the measurement data into our calendar. It is advisable to continue measuring basal temperature for three months in a row.

This is how you determine the length of your menstrual cycle. (Ideally, it is 28 days). And calculate the days of ovulation, when the egg, having matured, enters the fallopian tube. There comes a favorable moment for conception. As soon as your thermometer - it is advisable to use an electronic one - it is more convenient and accurate - showed 37 °, then the beneficial time for conception has come. Start active sexual activity.

A cycle shortened to 21 days or extended to 35 days should not be considered a deviation from the norm. In the first case, ovulation, which lasts only two days, will occur on the 6th-7th-8th day. (The second half of any cycle is 14 days). This is not even known to all gynecologists! And you will know. In the second - on the 20-22nd day. And not on the 10th and 17-18th, as many people mistakenly believe, assuming that for any length of the cycle, ovulation falls exactly in the middle.

We should not forget that several times a year there are cycles without ovulation, when an egg is not formed.

vaginal way

This method is quite simple. An experienced woman always feels ovulation. Vaginal discharge on such days resembles the contents of chicken protein. The slime is just as sticky.

There are other signs as well. Puffy chest. The ovary pulls and aches - from the side where the egg is preparing to enter the fallopian tube to meet with the sperm. Increases sex drive. So nature itself takes care of procreation.

How to determine the day of ovulation?

ultrasound

One of the most accurate methods for determining the days of ovulation is ultrasound. A woman can always use ultrasound monitoring. It is also called folliculometry.

A highly qualified doctor on the device monitors the entire process of maturation of the ovary, starting from the 8th-10th day of the menstrual cycle, or immediately after menstruation, every two days. Until the follicle reaches 1.8-2.4 cm during ovulation. But the maturation of the follicle is not yet a guarantee of pregnancy, since it may not rupture, but continue to grow until it forms a cyst. Normally, the rupture of the follicle is indicated by the presence of fluid from the burst follicle in the back of the uterus and an increase in progesterone, the formation of a corpus luteum.

Moms take note!

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Observing a woman for two to three months, the doctor can name the exact days of ovulation, guided by the characteristic signs on the ultrasound machine. He can also determine the reasons for its absence during the anovulatory cycle.

With the test

You can recommend a test method. You can buy test strips, similar to the strips used to determine pregnancy, at a pharmacy. Just like pregnancy strips, they are dipped into urine. Their color will depend on the content of estrogen in the body.

You need to follow this for exactly a week. On anovulatory days, one strip will change color. The day before ovulation, both strips will take on the same bright color. So, the next day you can start creating the miracle of another small life. He is the best!

It is this method that women like to use the most. It is simpler than the basal temperature method and more accurate.

Calculator

Not everyone knows that there is a modern method for determining ovulation with a special calculator. This can be done on the site http://mypreg.ru/index.php?mod=calczachatiya

You can try. For an accurate determination, you need to enter only the date of the last menstruation, the duration of the monthly cycle and the calculation period. The calculator will do the rest for you.

Suppose young parents have planned the conception of a child in the near future. A woman has a 24-day cycle. Last period was October 1st. We take 3 settlement periods: October, November and December.

The calculator gives the following results:

Best days to conceive: from 9 to 17 October, from 2 to 10 November, from 26 November to 4 December.

As you can see, as many as 14 favorable days fall in November, use them for conception.

folk method

This old way of determining the most favorable days for conceiving your own child is very simple. The duration of the female cycle is taken and divided exactly in half. For example, a woman has a classic cycle of 28 days. We split it in half. And add and subtract one day at a time. So, the best days for love pleasures will be: from the 13th to the 15th.

Sometimes the lunar cycle is taken into account, which is important in a woman's life. It is believed that neither on the new moon, nor on the full moon, nor in the last third of the lunar cycle, on the waning moon, is it worth conceiving a child. For this, the growing moon is better suited.

Girl or boy?

In anticipation of a child in families, they think: who will be born, a girl or a boy. Grandmothers try to determine this by certain signs. If the belly is cone forward, then it will be a boy. If the stomach is round, and the hips are fuller, then you have to wait for the girl.

Now the sex of the child is determined by ultrasound. Ultrasound is better than any grandmother “sees”: who is hiding there in my mother’s tummy.

But in young families where they are expecting their first child, they want to know the sex of the child even before it gets into this belly. They plan a baby in families where there are already children. I have a boy, I want a girl. Or vice versa.

Doctors believe that if sexual intercourse occurred on the eve of ovulation, a girl will be born. If after - a boy.
Oriental sages advise: in order to have a son, sleep with a headboard to the north. Those who are expecting a daughter - to the south.
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every woman needs at least twice a year. In a woman's life, situations often arise when a good advice from an obstetrician-gynecologist is needed, an answer to a question, a consultation. But even if a woman has no complaints, it must be taken into account that the asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted infections and gynecological tumors, has been very common lately. Even pathological discharge from the vagina with such diseases is not always the case. Without analysis, it is difficult to distinguish them from normal secretions. With the latent course of female diseases, there is no abdominal pain, bleeding, menstrual irregularities and other symptoms. Therefore, every woman needs preventive gynecological examinations and basic tests (general blood count, urine, flora and cytology smear), the results of which allow to reveal the presence of hidden asymptomatic gynecological diseases and infections in the early stages. The number of preventive gynecological examinations depends on previous diseases and other factors.

When you need a good doctor's advice, you can come to a gynecologist's consultation at our gynecological clinic, ask the doctor your questions about your health, undergo an initial gynecological examination and, if necessary, further examination and treatment.

Consultation with a gynecologist for early diagnosis of pregnancy

A gynecological consultation and gynecological examination are also necessary for the early diagnosis of pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy are inaccurate and often mislead women. During pregnancy, menstrual-like discharge from the vagina is possible, pregnancy tests can be false negative. For an accurate early diagnosis of pregnancy, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist, pelvic ultrasound and determine the level of hCG in a blood test.

A good gynecologist is, first of all, a good diagnostician. Diagnosis of gynecological diseases is based on experience and knowledge. The gynecologist during the initial gynecological examination will determine whether there is a need for more detailed diagnostics, consultations of other doctors. According to the indications, you will receive all the necessary recommendations for treatment and referrals for tests. This will dispel many fears and doubts, notice adverse changes in women's health in time, take measures to correct them, and start treatment on time.

A woman is sometimes afraid or ashamed to come to a gynecologist's consultation and gynecological examination. She is frightened by the examination procedure, and even the appearance of the gynecological chair. Nevertheless, even a healthy woman should visit the gynecological clinic twice a year. The main task of an obstetrician-gynecologist in a gynecological clinic is to preserve the health of a woman, which is possible only with the prevention of gynecological diseases and their timely detection at the initial stages. At the appointment with a gynecologist in our gynecological clinic, you will forget about the fear of a gynecological examination. Polite clinic staff do their best to provide you with the necessary medical services quickly and efficiently.

Features of the consultation of a gynecologist. Gynecological examination

Every healthy woman should undergo a gynecological examination twice a year in order to maintain her health, prevent and detect gynecological diseases in the early stages. To avoid the development of sexually transmitted diseases, infectious diseases and gynecological tumors, it is better not to postpone a visit to the doctor, but to come for a preventive examination and consultation with a gynecologist.

The gynecologist must know the individual characteristics of your body, all the gynecological diseases that you have suffered. Communication with the gynecologist at the appointment should be easy and trusting. Every woman should have her own obstetrician-gynecologist.

It is advisable to come to a gynecologist's consultation for the first time at the age of 15-16, especially if the girl has not yet begun her menstrual cycle. It is also necessary to visit a gynecologist if a woman has already started or plans to start having sex. Gynecologists advise not only to undergo a preventive gynecological examination twice a year, but also to take basic tests, especially when a new sexual partner appears, to do colposcopy and gynecological ultrasound, because asymptomatic (hidden) course of gynecological diseases is very common and difficult to diagnose. Many gynecological diseases, if left untreated, can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or miscarriage.

Stages of gynecological consultation and gynecological examination

Questions for a gynecologist

You can come to a gynecologist's consultation and preventive gynecological examination if there are no complaints or already with certain complaints. A consultation with a gynecologist begins with a conversation. First, the gynecologist asks questions and fills out a medical record. By asking questions, the gynecologist will find out with what problem the woman came to the doctor's office. It is important for a gynecologist to know what diseases a woman has had throughout her life, which will tell him about her predisposition to certain diseases. Some questions may seem too intimate or unnecessary, but they must be answered with absolute honesty. Answer all the questions of the gynecologist and do not hesitate to ask him questions, because the state of your health depends on it.

External gynecological examination

A gynecologist's consultation may include procedures such as measuring pressure, determining weight, and examining the mammary glands. After that, the gynecologist proceeds to a gynecological examination of the female genital organs. For this, a woman needs to lie down in a special gynecological chair. The gynecologist conducts an external examination in order to identify possible discharges, irritations, rashes, warts, gynecological tumors and other pathological changes in the external female genital organs. Having finished the external gynecological examination, the gynecologist proceeds to the internal gynecological examination.

Internal gynecological examination

During an internal gynecological examination, an obstetrician-gynecologist inserts disposable plastic mirrors into the vagina to examine the cervix. At the same time, the gynecologist also evaluates the presence of secretions and other pathological processes. After removing the speculum from the vagina, the gynecologist conducts a vaginal examination. The fingers of one hand, dressed in sterile disposable gloves, are inserted into the vagina by a gynecologist. The gynecologist puts the other hand on the anterior abdominal wall. Thus, the doctor notes the size, shape, position, mobility, soreness of the uterus and appendages, draws attention to the presence of pathological volumetric formations in the small pelvis. If you experience pain during probing, you should immediately inform the gynecologist about this, as this may be a sign of an inflammatory or other gynecological disease. Sometimes a gynecologist may perform a rectal examination (for example, when examining virgins) when other examinations are insufficient.

Taking a smear for flora during an internal gynecological examination

A mandatory step in a preventive gynecological examination should be taking a smear. A bacteriological examination is a smear examination of gynecological secretions. In a smear, the number of leukocytes is counted and infectious agents are looked for. More than 10 white blood cells in the field of view may indicate the presence of a sexually transmitted infection or inflammation of the female genital organs. According to the results of the smear, you can detect fungi (candidiasis), "key cells" (bacterial vaginosis), a change in the normal flora in the discharge during vaginal dysbacteriosis. The gynecologist prescribes seeding of the discharge and PCR diagnostics of the discharge to clarify the causative agent of the infectious process, if the smear shows the presence of an infection, but does not reveal its pathogen.

Taking a smear for cytology during an internal gynecological examination

A cytological examination (cytology) is an obligatory stage in the early diagnosis of cervical diseases and a mandatory analysis carried out before its treatment. Even if the woman is not bothered by anything and the cervix seems unchanged to the naked eye, the woman should regularly (every year) undergo a cytological examination of the cervical scraping. A gynecologist takes a scraping during an internal gynecological examination. Scraping is taken with a little pressure, while scraping off the deeper layers of cells. This is a painless procedure. This is done because the malignant process begins with the lower layers of the epithelium of the cervix and progresses to the surface of the mucous membrane. Therefore, if only the surface layer gets into the analysis, the diagnosis can be made only when the disease is already at a late stage of development.

Colposcopy

Colposcopy is an examination of the cervix under a special microscope - a colposcope. The gynecologist uses colposcopy during an internal gynecological examination in order not to miss the initial signs of a malignant tumor, if the patient is not bothered by anything and the cervix seems unchanged to the naked eye.

Colposcopy is of great diagnostic value for suspected cervical cancer, for diagnostics erosion cervix, dysplasia, leukoplakia. Only extended colposcopy can help to make an accurate diagnosis of cervical disease in the early stages and determine its malignancy.

Extended colposcopy is an examination of the cervix after treatment with a 3% solution of acetic acid. The action of acetic acid lasts about 4 minutes. After studying the colloscopic picture of the cervix treated with acetic acid, the gynecologist conducts a Schiller test - lubricating the cervix with a cotton swab moistened with 3% Lugol's solution. The iodine contained in the solution stains glycogen in the cells of a healthy, unchanged squamous epithelium of the cervix in a dark brown color. Thinned cells (atrophic age-related changes), as well as pathologically altered cells in various dysplasias of the cervical epithelium (precancerous conditions) are poor in glycogen and do not stain with iodine solution. Thus, a gynecologist during colposcopy reveals areas of pathologically altered epithelium and, if necessary, designates areas for a biopsy of the cervix.

Ultrasound of the pelvis and fetus

In gynecology, ultrasound of the small pelvis complements the gynecological examination and is used very widely, because. with its help, with a high degree of reliability, it is possible to conduct an examination of the pelvic organs and monitor the development of pregnancy (fetus). Ultrasound of the pelvis is a method of examination that allows the gynecologist to get an idea about all the organs of the small pelvis, including the uterus and ovaries, which is of great importance in the diagnosis of gynecological tumors and inflammation of the female genital organs, anomalies in the development of the uterus.

Ultrasound of the pelvis makes it possible to determine the causes of abnormal discharge, uterine bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen and menstrual irregularities that are not visible during a routine gynecological examination.

Ultrasound can determine the presence of pregnancy and abnormalities in the development of the fetus. Also, ultrasound plays a decisive role in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and is always performed before the abortion procedure to confirm the presence of a fetal egg in the uterine cavity.

Consultation with a gynecologist based on the results of a gynecological examination and tests

To make a diagnosis, a gynecologist compares the results of a gynecological examination with anamnesis data (a woman's life and illness history), gynecological tests, complaints, and the results of other examinations. Therefore, in order to make a diagnosis or make sure that there are no gynecological diseases, a woman needs at least two consultations with a gynecologist.

At the first consultation, the gynecologist performs the above-described gynecological examination, colposcopy, pelvic ultrasound, and takes material for gynecological tests. If a woman has complaints and symptoms of gynecological diseases, the gynecologist during the first consultation recommends to the woman what tests (except smears) she needs to pass and prescribes symptomatic treatment to reduce the symptoms of the disease (pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding, itching, etc.).

A woman can pass many tests during the first gynecological examination, but for some tests she needs to come to the gynecologist again for fence material for analysis on a certain day of the menstrual cycle, after the necessary preparation or on an empty stomach.

At the second visit, the gynecologist advises the woman on the results of smears and other tests, if they were taken during the first gynecological examination. The results of the tests may indicate the presence of a gynecological disease in the absence of its symptoms, confirm the preliminary diagnosis established at the first examination, or indicate the need for further examination to make a diagnosis.

A complete treatment regimen for a gynecological disease is signed by a gynecologist after a diagnosis is made. After the treatment, and sometimes during treatment, a woman needs to come to a gynecologist's consultation and take gynecological tests again to monitor the results of treatment.

Preparing for a gynecological examination

A woman needs to visit a gynecologist's office several times a year if she cares about her health. For a preventive examination by a gynecologist, the most optimal period is after menstruation. One day before the consultation with a gynecologist, it is not recommended to have sexual intercourse. It is necessary to take a shower before a gynecological examination, but douching has a negative effect, because. the doctor needs to see the real condition of the vaginal secretions and take a swab. You don't need to shave your hair before seeing a gynecologist. If a woman has taken antibiotics and other medications, then it is necessary to warn the doctor about this. Sometimes testing for infections must take place no earlier than two weeks after the end of treatment in order to get the correct results. If you have to take tests for chronic infections, then it is better to do this before or immediately after menstruation.

An obstetrician-gynecologist consultation with an examination usually takes about 30 minutes. Try not to be nervous during the inspection. Answer all the doctor's questions and do not hesitate to ask him questions, because. your health depends on it.

It is imperative to visit a gynecologist in the following situations

Recently, the asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases, has been very common. There are vaginal discharges with such diseases, but more often they are the only symptom and appear periodically. Without analyzes it is difficult to distinguish them from normal secretions. Therefore, every woman needs a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Pathological vaginal discharge is the main symptom of almost all gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. When they appear, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist with an examination and analyzes for determining infections, including those transmitted sexually.

Uterine bleeding in the middle of the cycle, increased and prolonged bleeding during menstruation. Gynecological consultation with examination and ultrasound in this case are necessary to determine the source of bleeding. Bleeding that occurs during pregnancy requires immediate hospitalization.

Abdominal pain. In female gynecological diseases, it is most often observed in the lower abdomen. A consultation with a gynecologist with an examination, tests and other examinations are necessary to identify the cause of the pain.

Problems with conception. Conceiving a child requires preparation. Gynecological diseases can adversely affect pregnancy and the unborn baby. Therefore, it is very important to come for a consultation and examination to a gynecologist to identify and cure them before conception.

At pregnancy planning a woman needs to come for an examination and consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist, be examined and pass in advance analyzes to identify infections, including - ureaplasmosis. Planning pregnancy and during a gynecological examination allows you to avoid complications and unpleasant surprises during pregnancy.

Diagnosis of pregnancy. The first signs of pregnancy before a missed period are inaccurate and often mislead women. During pregnancy, menstrual-like discharge is possible. In order to diagnose pregnancy in time, at the slightest suspicion, it is necessary to go to a consultation with a gynecologist, do an ultrasound scan and a blood test for hCG.

Termination of pregnancy (medical abortion). In the event of an unwanted pregnancy, an obstetrician-gynecologist will provide you with qualified advice on its termination. Medical abortion is the least traumatic for a woman.

Contraception. Each woman should choose with the help of a gynecologist the means of protection against unwanted pregnancy that is most suitable for her. This requires a consultation with a gynecologist with an examination, ultrasound, if necessary, a study of the hormonal background and other tests.

Hormonal disbalance. Often the main cause of diseases of the female reproductive system is hormonal changes (hormonal imbalance). At the consultation, the gynecologist will prescribe the necessary examinations for the diagnosis of hormonal disorders.

Menstrual disorders. Ovarian dysfunction is most often a symptom of serious gynecological diseases. Consultation with a gynecologist with an examination is necessary to identify these diseases.

From symptoms of premenstrual syndrome ninety percent of all women are affected. Before menstruation a woman can experience a lot of unpleasant and painful sensations, which normally should not be. A woman should not put up with these feelings and suffer in silence, it is necessary to come for a consultation with a gynecologist.

tides and painful intercourse are the most common symptoms of menopause. A gynecologist at a consultation will tell a woman how to alleviate the course of a pathological menopause. A very dangerous symptom is the appearance of bloody discharge from the genitals after menopause. When they appear, a woman should come for a consultation with a gynecologist with an examination immediately.

Cervical erosion. One of the most common diseases that may not manifest itself in any way and can only be detected during a preventive gynecological examination.

uterine fibroids. It may also not manifest itself in any way and be detected only during a preventive gynecological examination. Asymptomatic leakage can lead to severe node growth, bleeding and surgical intervention.

endometrial hyperplasia often asymptomatic, but more often manifested by dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Often, the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia is made when a woman comes to an appointment with a gynecologist about infertility.

Polyps of the uterus (endometrium) and cervix(cervical canal). In recent years, polyps of the body of the uterus and cervix are found even in adolescent girls. For a long time they do not manifest themselves in any way and over time can become malignant. For their timely detection, every woman needs a consultation with a gynecologist and a preventive examination twice a year.

Ovarian cyst. During a routine ultrasound examination, a gynecologist can detect an ovarian cyst in a woman. Some cysts may disappear on their own, but in many cases, a course of hormonal treatment is required, and in some, surgery is also required to get rid of the source of danger.

spikes are formed when an acute inflammatory process in the female genital organs becomes chronic and the healing process stretches over time. Adhesive disease is practically untreatable. Therefore, to avoid the formation of adhesions, when symptoms occur inflammation Go see your gynecologist right away.

cervicitis- inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix. It can be manifested by pathological discharge, burning, itching. With a latent course, it may not manifest itself in any way. Therefore, every woman at least twice a year needs a preventive consultation with a gynecologist with an examination. The causative agents of infection are often gonococci, Trichomonas.

Thrush (or vaginal candidiasis) caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. Often acquires a chronic course with improper self-treatment. To select the right treatment and identify infections that often accompany an exacerbation of thrush, which a woman may not even be aware of (including sexually transmitted ones), it is necessary to come to a gynecologist's consultation with an examination.

Dysbacteriosis of the vagina- This is a violation of the normal microflora of the vagina. Most women suffer from this disease, it is often the result of improper self-medication. Dysbacteriosis can lead to the development of inflammatory gynecological diseases. Before prescribing drugs to normalize the microflora of the vagina, a consultation with a gynecologist, examination and tests is necessary.

For examination for syphilis a woman can also come for a consultation and examination to a gynecologist . Syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, many internal organs, bones, and the nervous system. Recently, it often proceeds completely asymptomatically. Used to diagnose syphilis, RW (Wassermann reaction) is often false positive and false negative and is very outdated.

Benefits of Demetra Gynecological Clinic

Reception is conducted by highly qualified gynecologists with extensive experience
Given the frequent imitation of gynecological diseases in the pathology of other organs, close cooperation is carried out between gynecologists and the therapist for the benefit of patients
Modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases, incl. laboratory tests, pelvic ultrasound and pregnancy ultrasound, colposcopy
Treatment of diseases without hospitalization (outpatient)
Convenient location of the clinic in Kyiv: Darnytskyi district, near Poznyaki metro station
Convenient opening hours by appointment only
If you have any questions, call us, our employees will provide all the necessary information

The fair sex, on the one hand, is easy to get pregnant, but on the other, it is difficult. Why is there such a duality? Let's turn to physiology. In a woman of reproductive age, it happens every month around the middle of the cycle. This term refers to the release of a mature egg from the ovary. This process takes only 1-2 days.

Many people, after reading the text written above, will probably think that getting pregnant is very simple - you just need to calculate the day of ovulation, and before and after it, have sex with your partner. However, everything is not as simple as it seems. If it was possible to get pregnant strictly in the middle of the cycle, then there would be no unwanted pregnancies and women who dream of a child, but cannot get pregnant for some reason.

On what days is it impossible to conceive a baby?

We are sorry for women who have chosen the calendar method of contraception and refused other means of protection (condoms, various drugs), because there are no absolutely safe days. You can get pregnant at any time. It is only necessary to take into account that on some days the chances of conceiving a baby are great, while on other days they are significantly reduced. There are no periods with zero probability.

A relatively “safe” time can be considered a couple of days before menstruation and a couple of days after them. To calculate "dangerous" days, you need to know the duration of the menstrual cycle. It must be stable - this is the main condition.

With a 28-30-day menstrual cycle, the highest chances of conception occur on the 14-15th day, since ovulation occurs around this time. Deviations are also possible for a number of reasons: due to nervous breakdowns, stress, the presence of diseases, the use of drugs.

How to calculate without errors what days you can get pregnant?

Calculating the days on which you can conceive a child is not so simple. To do this, you need to analyze the entire menstrual cycle, taking data for the last 6-12 months. If hormonal contraceptives were used at that time, the calculation results may be incorrect.

In order not to forget what days menstruation occurs, you should create a special calendar. If the menstrual cycle is not regular, then it will not work to determine which days you can get pregnant. It is best in such cases to use other methods of calculating favorable periods for conception.

If minor deviations are observed during the studied time period, then the following step-by-step calculation can be made:

Select the longest and shortest menstrual cycles for 6-12 months;
Subtract the number 18 from the number of days of a short cycle. The result obtained is the day from which the period with a high probability of becoming pregnant begins. For example, the shortest cycle is 25 days. Subtracting 18, we end up with the number 7. This means that the favorable period for conception begins from the 7th day of the menstrual cycle;
Subtract the number 11 from the number of days of the longest period. The result obtained is the day on which the period with a high probability of becoming pregnant ends. For example, the longest cycle is 29 days. Subtracting 11, we get the number 18. Thus, on the 18th day of the menstrual cycle, the favorable period for conception ends;

From this example, it can be seen that the highest probability of becoming pregnant remains in the period from the 7th to the 18th day.

Is it possible to conceive before menstruation?

An unequivocal answer to this question cannot be given. Conception may or may not occur. First, let's see why the above question can be answered in the negative.

As you know, ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle. Before the onset of menstruation, the egg dies. If ovulation occurs much later or repeatedly, then an interesting situation may not occur, since the woman's hormonal background will be set to a new cycle.

Now we will explain why conception can occur before menstruation. In healthy women who have an irregular sex life, the chance of getting pregnant is quite high. Conception can occur after any sexual intercourse.

The body can react to such a rare event with unscheduled ovulation. It can also be provoked by substances contained in semen. Women who regularly have sex with a regular partner may not experience this.

Is it possible to conceive during menstruation?

Pregnancy during the first days of menstruation is unlikely. This is due to the unfavorable environment for spermatozoa and for implantation of the embryo (abundant bleeding). However, "surprises" from nature should not be ruled out.

Conception in an unfavorable period can occur in the following cases:

with prolonged menstruation (for example, less than a week may remain before ovulation, and then the sperm will wait for the release of a mature egg);
due to menstrual irregularities caused by diseases, infections, physical activity, stress;
with an incorrect calculation of the period of safe sex (due to the irregularity of the menstrual cycle).

Is it possible to conceive immediately after menstruation?

Many representatives of the fair sex claim that it is impossible to get pregnant within a few days after the end of menstruation. Doctors do not adhere to this point of view. They warn that at any time you can get pregnant.

Spermatozoa entering the female genital tract can remain viable and active for several days. If the menstrual cycle is short and the periods are long, then the chances of getting pregnant will be high. Sexual intercourse can just take place during the most favorable days for conception.

Pregnancy immediately after menstruation can occur for the following reasons:

due to the ability of spermatozoa to maintain their activity for several days;
due to the maturation of several eggs in one menstrual cycle;
due to the timing of ovulation. It can happen not in the middle of the menstrual cycle, but much earlier or later. The "culprit" of such disorders in young girls is the irregularity of the menstrual cycle, and in adult women - hormonal abnormalities.

Based on this, we can say that the calendar method is not a reliable means of contraception. For some women, it is not suitable at all.

What period is most likely to become pregnant: ways to determine

You can calculate the most favorable days for conception not only using the calendar method. There are several other more efficient ways:

Determination of basal temperature;
Conducting ovulation tests;
folliculometry;
Subjective feelings.

1. Determination of basal temperature

To calculate the period when the probability of conceiving a child is high, it is necessary to measure the basal temperature in the anus every morning after waking up from the beginning of the menstrual cycle (from the 1st day of menstruation).

Errors can occur for several reasons:

due to overwork or illness (during such periods, the temperature is always elevated);
if a lot of alcohol was drunk before the measurement;
due to taking certain medications;
if sexual intercourse occurred 6 hours (or less) before the measurement;
due to lack of sleep.

Based on the measured data, a graph should be drawn up, which can be supplemented daily with new results. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, the temperature ranges from 36.6 to 36.9 degrees. It rises above 37 degrees after the release of a mature egg.

You can find out when ovulation occurs if you carefully study the schedule. On days 12-16, the basal temperature may slightly decrease. This will herald the onset of ovulation in the coming hours. That's when you can get pregnant. At this time, women who dream of a baby should have sex.

2. Conducting ovulation tests

Modern and more accurate means of determining the release of an egg are ovulation tests. They even look like tests with which you can find out about pregnancy. The result is shown as 2 bars. The difference between the tests is only in the reagents. For example, ovulation-determining products contain a substance that responds to the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH), the level of which in the body rises 23-36 hours before ovulation.

In order not to miss the long-awaited event, you need to do tests every day and at the same time. After ovulation, the LH level drops significantly, and then the strips begin to show a negative result. Manufacturers that produce ovulation tests put several strips in the package. Due to this, this method of determining favorable days for conception is the most justified and convenient.

3. Folliculometry

Diagnosing the period in which you can get pregnant is very simple. using ultrasound(ultrasound). This method cannot be called economical. It is suitable for those women who want to conceive a child, but they can’t do it.

It is recommended to visit the ultrasound room from the 10th day after the start of the last menstruation. Within a few days, the doctor will evaluate the growth of the dominant follicle in the ovary. When it reaches a size of 18-24 mm in diameter, an egg ready for fertilization will come out of it. The formation of the follicle may not lead to ovulation. It may not break, but regress. Such cases are rare, but they do occur in real life.

The main signs of the onset of a favorable period for conception, which a medical worker sees on a monitor during an ultrasound scan, are a corpus luteum located in the ovary without a dominant follicle, as well as a little fluid behind the uterus.

The quality of the endometrium affects the onset of pregnancy. It is known that an egg fertilized by a sperm must be implanted in the uterine wall for subsequent development. If by the time of ovulation the endometrium does not reach a certain thickness, then pregnancy will not occur, since the fertilized egg will not be able to attach to the uterus and will die.

4. Subjective feelings

This method is not 100% reliable, but many women who are sensitive and attentive manage to determine the days on which the probability of becoming pregnant is high. Every month the sensations are repeated. If you listen to your body, you can draw some conclusions.

The most common signs of the onset of a favorable period for conception are:

the occurrence of pain in the lower abdomen or the location of one of the ovaries;
sudden increase in sexual appetite;
copious vaginal discharge. Any experienced gynecologist can easily notice them. The discharge is different from the symptoms of infectious diseases. They are colorless and odorless. After 2-3 days, the discharge disappears without a trace until the next cycle.

The representatives of the fair sex have 1-2 times a year cycles called anovulatory. They represent a kind of "reboot" of the female body. At this time, it is impossible to get pregnant. It is very easy to determine these days. Here are their main features:

when measuring basal temperature, jumps are not observed;