Normal menstrual cycle in women. How many days does a normal menstrual cycle last?

The nature of menstruation and their regularity are important indicators of women's reproductive health. The body is sensitive to any stress, so accidental deviations from the norm are possible, which are not considered pathology. However, if the violations are persistent, this may indicate a disease. It is convenient to mark the days of the beginning and end of menstruation in the calendar. This will allow you to find out the duration of the next cycle and not miss unusual changes. It is important to understand what processes occur between menstruation, when conception is possible, why critical days come more often or less often than usual.

Content:

Why is cycle time calculated?

The processes in the female reproductive organs are repeated every month, on average after 28 days. Due to the individual characteristics of the organism, the cycle can be shorter (up to 21 days) or extended (up to 35 days). The main indicator of health is not so much the number of days in it, but the constancy of this indicator. If a woman gets her period regularly after 5 weeks or after 3 weeks, this is normal. But if they come after 35-40 days, then after 20-21, and this happens repeatedly, this is already a pathology.

1. Prepare for the onset of menstruation, take measures to alleviate premenstrual syndrome (plan, for example, load during critical days).
2. Provide for the possibility of pregnancy in the middle of the cycle, increase attention to contraception.
3. Consider which days will be most favorable for conception and the onset of a planned pregnancy.
4. To notice the onset of pregnancy and roughly calculate the day of delivery.
5. Plan preventive visits to specialist doctors (gynecologist, mammologist).

Having noticed persistent violations in the frequency of the onset of menstruation, it is necessary to consult a doctor in time to prevent early menopause or the occurrence of diseases of the uterus and ovaries.

What processes occur during the cycle of menstruation

The processes taking place in the female reproductive system are directly related to the ratio of sex hormones that are produced in the ovaries. The cycle is conditionally divided into phases: follicular, in which the maturation of the egg occurs, ovulatory and luteal - the phase of the onset and maintenance of pregnancy.

Follicular phase

The beginning is considered the first day of menstruation. Its duration in different women ranges from 7 to 22 days (it depends on the duration of this particular phase whether a woman’s cycle is short or long). The phase begins with menstruation - the cleansing of the uterus from the layer of endometrium that formed earlier. Menstruation occurs when the egg is not fertilized.

By the end of menstruation, the pituitary gland begins to produce follicle-stimulating hormone, under the influence of which several follicles (vesicles with eggs) develop in the ovaries. Of these, one stands out, the largest (dominant), which grows to about 20 mm in diameter. The rest stops growing.

During the development of the follicles, estrogens are intensively secreted, due to which a new layer of the mucous membrane (endometrium) begins to grow in the uterus.

Ovulation

The follicle that has matured with the egg (the so-called Graafian vesicle) bursts on the 7-22 (on average 14) day of the cycle. At the same time, the hormone lutein is released from the pituitary gland, which contributes to the formation of the corpus luteum from the ruptured membrane. Its purpose is to produce progesterone, which prevents the development of new follicles. Ovulation and progesterone production usually continue for 16-48 hours.

luteal phase

It is called the corpus luteum phase. This temporary gland functions for about 12 days, producing progesterone. If fertilization of the egg occurs, then the corpus luteum continues to function until the placenta is formed in the endometrium. If pregnancy does not occur, then the gland dies, menstruation begins.

Conception is most likely on those few days when ovulation occurs and a mature egg is released. By carefully observing the changes taking place in the body for six months, a woman can roughly predict when the “dangerous” days will come. The total duration of the luteal phase is 13-14 days and is practically unchanged.

Video: How to calculate the duration of menstruation, determine ovulation. Cycle phases

Causes of menstrual irregularities

In addition to fluctuations in the timing of the onset of menstruation, menstrual disorders also include the duration of menstruation less than 3 or more than 7 days, a change in the intensity of blood secretions (less than 40 ml or more than 80 ml for all days), and the absence of ovulation.

Reasons for violations can be:

1. Diseases of the reproductive and endocrine organs. You need to know how to count the cycle of menstruation so as not to miss the onset of the disease.
2. Hormonal changes in the course of natural age-related changes (maturing, menopause). In the pubertal period, the maturation of the ovaries is just beginning, therefore, in the first 2 years, menstruation in girls can be delayed by 2-6 months. Often the maturation of the ovaries is completed only during the first pregnancy. For many women, the cycle stabilizes after childbirth.
3. Physiological processes during the recovery of the body after pregnancy and childbirth, during lactation.
4. Hormonal disorders after an abortion.
5. Hormone imbalances caused by stress, medication, sudden weight loss or weight gain.

The older the woman, the greater the likelihood of violations, as possible causes accumulate (number of births, abortions, consequences of gynecological and other diseases), the body ages.

Why is the cycle lengthening?

The reason for the increase in the duration of the cycle may be the lack of ovulation due to the inferior development of the follicles. In this case, the corpus luteum does not form and the level of progesterone does not rise. Under such conditions, under the influence of estrogens, the growth of the endometrium continues until it begins to break down mechanically. In this case, the onset of menstruation is significantly delayed.

Another reason for the lengthening of the cycle may be too long the existence of the corpus luteum after the pregnancy has not occurred. This anomaly is determined by ultrasound.

Addition: The reverse situation is also possible. A woman has a delay in menstruation due to the onset of pregnancy, but when she comes to the gynecologist for a checkup, it turns out that there is no corpus luteum in the ovaries, although it should be there and provide nutrition to the fetus. This indicates a threat of miscarriage. Requires special hormonal treatment.

Reasons for shortening the cycle

The cycle is shortened due to the fact that the corpus luteum dies earlier than usual, or the maturation of the follicle and ovulation occur faster.

Often, deviations in the duration of the cycle are a response of the body to the occurrence of extreme living conditions, when, for health reasons or because of a difficult life situation, bearing healthy offspring is impossible. For example, during the war, women's periods disappeared altogether.

Video: The duration of the menstrual cycle. Reasons for deviations

How is cycle time calculated?

The countdown starts from the first day of menstruation. And it ends on the last day before the next menstruation. How to correctly calculate the cycle of menstruation, taking into account the different number of days in each month, can be seen in the examples.

Example 1 The previous menstruation was on March 5, and the next one came on April 2. The duration of the cycle is 27 (the number of days from March 5 to March 31) + 1 day (April 1) = 28 days.

Example 2 The previous period was on September 16, the next on October 14. The duration of the cycle is: 15 (from September 16 to 30) + 13 (in October) = 28 days.

Example 3 The previous period was on February 10 (a leap year), and the next one came on March 6. The cycle is: 20 (from February 10 to February 29) + 5 (in March) = 25 days.

Single deviations should not cause alarm, they can be considered the norm. But with prolonged violations, it is necessary to undergo an examination to find out the cause.

November 09, 2012 13:46

What is this article about and how to use the information received?

This article contains answers to many questions that girls and women have about (menstruation).

Any woman should have information about the nature of the occurrence and the characteristics of the course of such an important physiological process. Our article will help you understand these concepts.

This information will be especially relevant for the following audience:

1. Young girls who have just started menstruating and know little about it;
2. Adult women who are concerned about the nature of their menstrual cycle, who want to know how correctly everything is going on in their body;
3. Adult women of any age, if there have been some changes in their menstrual cycle;
4. Adult women, in case of unusual;
5. Pregnant women, when menstruation occurs during pregnancy (at any time).

What is menstruation? Why and why is this happening?

Very often, women wait with horror for the onset of critical days, because for them it is a useless torment, unsettling for a week, and sometimes even longer. However, it is important to treat this as a normal physiological mechanism. After all, all the processes that occur in the female body before and after menstruation are nothing but evidence of her reproductive function. That is, it is the woman in whose body a normal menstrual cycle occurs that is capable of bearing a child.

And now we will tell you why and why menstruation occurs, and what it should be like for a healthy woman.

Thus, menstruation is a rejection of the mucous membranes of the female uterus, which were not useful for the development of pregnancy. This is the principle of the body of a healthy woman. But various diseases and certain conditions of a woman can disrupt the correct course of this process. They can cause a violation of the cycle and change the nature of menstruation.

Severe pain as a symptom of the disease

It happens that the pain is so severe that it makes a woman completely unadapted to normal life during this period. Severe pain is often indicative of a disorder and is called dysmenorrhea.

This diagnosis is confirmed if, along with pain, there are also signs such as:

• Headache;
• Dizziness;
• Nausea;
• Loss of consciousness;
• Constipation or diarrhea.

The presence of such signs, unequivocally, serves as a reason for an immediate appeal to a gynecologist. What this threatens, we will consider below.

Pain during menstruation. When should you see a doctor?

So, in the presence of severe pain during menstruation, you should seriously think about your health.

Pain can signal a number of diseases:

• uterine fibroids;
• Uterine cancer;
• polyps of the uterus.

In addition, you need to pay attention to the changes that have been happening to you lately.

So, if you have the following symptoms, you need to urgently contact a gynecologist:

1. Menstruation became more painful than before;
2. Pain in the lower abdomen is very severe (you are constantly taking painkillers);
3. In addition to pain, the discharge itself has become more abundant (one pad is enough for you for less than 2 hours);
4. Along with pain, other disorders occur (weight loss, cycle disorder, inability to conceive).

How to relieve pain?

As we have said, the presence of some pain during menstruation is normal.

Therefore, to alleviate your condition, you can use some common tricks:

1. Sleep well these days. But just lying all day is not an option. Staying still, on the contrary, worsens the condition;
2. Transfer complex mental and physical stress to the period when menstruation ends;
3. These days you need to move more, walk, play sports. Only heavy physical activity should be excluded. The ideal option would be either Pilates;
4. Relieve the pain allows sex and (thus, the muscle tension of the uterus decreases);
5. If the pain is severe, you can take an anesthetic (, analgin, naproxen). It must be remembered that girls under 16 years of age should not take aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid).

If menstrual pains are constant, every month, and if your doctor does not see any abnormalities in health, he may prescribe prophylactic drugs. They will help reduce pain during the onset of critical days.

period of the menstrual cycle. How regular should it be?

Ideally, in a healthy woman, menstruation occurs regularly, there is a certain period of her cycle. But insignificant deviations from the average cycle duration are not always the result of any health disorder. The fluctuation of the beginning of menstruation, earlier or later, for several days (approximately 3-5 days) is insignificant.

Particular attention should be paid to understanding that a regular menstrual cycle is not the fact of the arrival of menstruation on a certain day. Every month, on the same day, menstruation should not begin. The regularity of the cycle is to observe the period of the break itself between the previous and next menstruation. This is influenced by the number of calendar days in a month, the onset of a leap year and the time of day when the previous menstruation occurred.

Let's take an example. A woman's normal menstrual cycle is 27 days. Last month I got my period on March 1st. Thus, the beginning of the critical days of the next month should fall on the date of March 27th (but not on April 1st). But next month it will be April 23rd. And so on.

Violations and failure of the stable cycle. What can delayed menstruation mean?

If the violations in the cycle are insignificant, or they are of a single nature, there is no reason for concern. But frequent and prolonged and, as well as its irregular nature, may indicate many gynecological diseases. The unpredictable onset of menstruation, frequent delays should be the reason for an immediate visit to the doctor.


If a delay occurred in a woman whose cycle was previously stable, this may indicate the following changes:

• Pregnancy;
• The result of exposure to certain factors (, nervous strain,);
• Disease.

The normal state of a woman after menstruation

After the end of spotting, a woman may notice some symptoms in herself.

A few days after menstruation, the following symptoms may persist:

1. Weak pain in the lower back, lower abdomen and side;
2. Weak headache, tightness of the nipples, slight tingling in the chest;
3. Slight on pressure;
4. Weak spotting (spotting). Their color can be brown, pink, yellow or transparent.

If, at the end of menstruation, pronounced pain is felt in the abdomen or lower back, you should immediately see a gynecologist. If the discharge described above does not go away on the 3rd - 4th day after the end of menstruation, this can also be a signal of the disease. Especially if, along with this, other symptoms appeared (fever,

How many days a woman's menstruation lasts is influenced by many factors, including the physiological characteristics of the body, lifestyle. Significant deviations from the norm, instability of the menstrual cycle are symptoms of diseases of the organs of the reproductive system. Only a gynecological examination will help determine the cause of the violations. Do not put off a visit to the doctor in the hope that everything will work itself out. A neglected disease is more difficult to treat, and its consequences are serious.

Content:

Normal and abnormal menstruation in women of reproductive age

The duration of menstrual bleeding should normally be 3-7 days. The body these days is weakened due to blood loss. The woman quickly gets tired, feels weak. There is a headache. All these ailments are the norm, they do not last long and disappear with the end of menstruation. Normal menstruation is characterized by the release of blood with a total volume of 50 to 80 ml.

In a healthy woman, the cycle length is from 21 days to 35 days. Moreover, menstruation goes at approximately constant intervals with a maximum deviation of 2-4 days.

The presence of pathology in the body can be assumed in cases where menstruation lasts 2 days and less or more than 7 days, the volume of secretions is less than 40 ml or more than 80-100 ml. If smearing brown discharge appears before and after menstruation, increasing the number of critical days, this is also a violation.

A normal cycle should not be shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days. Its beginning is considered the first day of menstruation.

Factors affecting the duration of menstruation

How long the period lasts depends on the following factors:

1. Heredity. Some menstruation lasts 10 days or even more in the absence of any pathologies. This duration is typical for women in this family.
2. The presence of inflammatory and infectious diseases of the reproductive organs, benign neoplasms (fibroids, polyps, cysts), malignant tumors of the uterus and ovaries. With these diseases, the structure of the mucous membranes of organs is disturbed, damage to blood vessels and tissues occurs, as a result of which menstruation becomes more abundant and lasts longer.
3. Ovarian dysfunction. The cause of this condition can be both diseases of the genital organs, and frequent abortions, the use of an intrauterine device, the uncontrolled use of hormonal drugs. With ovarian dysfunction due to insufficient production of sex hormones, menstruation lasts 2 days or less.
4. Deviations in the work of the thyroid, pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal glands - organs responsible for the state of the hormonal background in the body.

In addition, the number of critical days is sharply reduced with intense physical exertion (sports, weight lifting). Nervous strain, psychological trauma, depression cause heavy menstrual bleeding, lasting for 10-14 days.

Starvation, vitamin deficiency lead to a hormonal shift, a reduction in the duration of menstruation or their complete cessation. Smoking, alcohol abuse, drug use, and exposure to unfavorable ecology lead to the same result.

Video: How long do normal periods go

How long do teenage girls menstruate?

At the age of 12-15, girls have their first menstruation. During this period, the body begins hormonal changes associated with the maturation of the ovaries. The first menstruation comes irregularly, with delays of several months. This happens within 1-2 years. The volume of menstruation can fluctuate significantly.

It is difficult to say how many days teenage girls should menstruate until their character is finally established. Their duration can vary significantly, but gradually it returns to normal and is usually 3-5 days. After that, the girl needs to have a special calendar to mark the day of the beginning and end of menstruation.

If there are any deviations (menstruation does not come, ends too quickly, or, conversely, goes longer than last time), you should not panic. There can be many reasons: overwork, passion for diets, sports overload, teenage mental imbalance, change of scenery. Such violations will disappear after the elimination of their causes.

But if the violations are persistent, menstruation is too painful, then you must definitely consult a doctor. Such symptoms indicate the presence of diseases of the organs of the reproductive and other body systems.

Video: Menstruation in girls and adult women

Menstruation during pregnancy

With the onset of pregnancy, for most women, periods disappear, but sometimes they come at their usual time, because of which a woman may not understand that she is pregnant. If menstruation came only during the first 30 days of pregnancy, this is due to the fact that fertilization occurred at the very end of the menstrual cycle, when the endometrium had already partially exfoliated. Bloody discharges are scanty.

In rare cases, simultaneous maturation of eggs in both ovaries occurs. One of them is fertilized, and the second is brought out. In this case, there is a slight bleeding, which may look like a meager period that lasts for 1-2 days.

If during pregnancy during the first 3-4 months menstruation is scanty and short in duration, this may be the result of an incomplete cessation of hormone production in the ovaries, which is explained by the physiological characteristics of the body. But in any case, you should not calm down, since most often the appearance of spotting during pregnancy portends a miscarriage or speaks of endocrine disorders in the body.

Warning: If any bleeding occurs, a pregnant woman should immediately consult a doctor. You may need to be hospitalized for several days to maintain the pregnancy.

How many no periods after childbirth

The term of the appearance of the first menstruation after childbirth depends on the nature of their course, the general state of health. If a woman is breastfeeding, then during the entire period of lactation she does not have menstruation. If, for some reason, the child is transferred to artificial feeding immediately after birth, then the woman's period begins in about 12 weeks.

In the absence of complications, most often the menstrual cycle becomes more stable. If earlier menstruation was too plentiful and long, then after childbirth, the indicators are close to normal. Menstruation becomes painless, less intense. This is due to a change in the position of the uterus, improving the outflow of blood from it. How long menstruation lasts depends on the nature of the hormonal changes that have occurred. They usually last 3 to 5 days.

How many days does menstruation last with menopause

Menopause (complete cessation of menstruation) occurs in women at about 48-50 years of age. Already after 40 years, the production of sex hormones in the ovaries begins to gradually decline, the supply of eggs is depleted. Ovulation does not occur in every cycle. All this is reflected in the nature of menstruation. They come irregularly, the duration changes with each cycle. After heavy bleeding that does not stop for 8 days, there may be a long pause (2 months or more), after which there are scanty spotting brown periods, which disappear after 2 days. Then they stop altogether.

Addition: If spotting was absent for 1 year, and then reappeared, this is no longer menstruation. Bleeding of any duration and intensity during the postmenopausal period is a sign of hormonal failure, endocrine diseases, or the occurrence of tumors of the uterus or ovaries. It is urgent to contact specialist doctors (gynecologist, endocrinologist, oncologist) to identify the pathology.

Menstruation while using oral contraceptives

Birth control pills contain female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. Their action is aimed at suppressing ovulation by changing their natural ratio in the body. Within 1-3 months after the start of taking the pills, the body adapts to the new hormonal background. In this case, the nature of menstruation may change compared to the usual. How many days do menstruation go in this case and what is their intensity depends on the chosen remedy. They can become plentiful and long, or, on the contrary, be scarce and short.

If after 3 months the nature of menstruation does not return to normal, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist. You may need to choose another drug.

Video: Gynecologist on the consequences of using hormonal drugs

The menstrual cycle and its regularity are an indicator of women's health. For any woman, it is necessary to know how the menstrual cycle can be counted.

This is important for several reasons:

• In terms of hygiene. Knowing exactly, or at least approximately the day of the onset of menstruation, a woman can prepare herself so as not to be in an uncomfortable situation.
• When planning a pregnancy, knowing exactly the period of menstruation, it is easy to calculate the ovulation date and thereby significantly increase the chances of conception.
• On the other hand, knowing the cycle of menstruation, you can calculate the days that are safe days from unwanted pregnancy.
• Most importantly, knowing your cycle will help you detect any violations in time. So changes in the duration or the appearance of menstruation out of time are symptoms of the development of diseases.

Menstruation is a certain period of a woman's physiological cycle, during which her body gets rid of an unfertilized egg and endometrium. Menstruation is cyclical and repeats after a certain period in the body of a woman.

Menstruation cycle

The female physiological cycle is divided into the following phases:

• Menstruation, or directly the period of bleeding from the uterine cavity.
• Follicular phase. Starting with the menstrual phase lasts 2 weeks. A new follicle is formed for the maturation of a new egg.
• . The follicle matures, releasing a mature, ready for fertilization, egg.
• luteal phase. Lasts 10 to 16 days. During this period, the body of women prepares for pregnancy. Many girls in this phase have premenstrual syndrome.

How to count?

The beginning of the cycle is the first day when the bleeding begins. The end is the last day before the next period.

In case of an unstable cycle, it is necessary to choose the largest and smallest value and calculate from them. For example, the longest is 34 days, and the short is 22. We subtract 10 from the long (34-10 = 24), and from the short 18 (22-18 = 4), that is, in the period from 4 to 24 days there is a high probability of becoming pregnant.

The duration of menstruation

The duration of menstruation is different for every woman. Even for one woman, the menstrual period can be different, shorter or longer.

In case of violation of the cycle caused by problems of the reproductive sphere and the general condition of the body, it is necessary to consult a doctor:

• changes in the hormonal background;
• inflammatory diseases in the female part;
• a sharp decrease / increase in body weight;
• the presence of diseases of the genital area;
• chronic diseases.

Symptoms of a cycle disorder will be:

• decrease or increase in the interval between periods;
• change in the number of days in the cycle in any direction;
• change in the nature of bleeding;
• complete for two months or more (excluding pregnancy);
• the appearance of bloody discharge between menstruation;
• the duration of the menstrual period is more than three weeks or less than three days.

If any of these symptoms appear, you should consult a gynecologist for a diagnostic examination. A doctor's examination and diagnosis will help to establish the disease and its causes. After establishing an accurate diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe a course of treatment.

In cases of a single violation of the cycle, you should not worry too much. Deviations in any direction for no more than 7 days are not considered a pathology. The modern pace of life, stressful situations, fatigue and lack of sleep can affect the nature of menstruation. It is necessary to observe for at least two months. In addition, it is necessary to observe the nature of the discharge, color, smell.

As a preventive measure, you should visit a gynecologist 2 times a year.

On the video about the menstrual cycle of a woman

What should be the normal cycle of menstruation is an individual question. On average, the cycle lasts from 28 to 35 days. But for someone it can last a smaller number of days, and for someone more. Not always such a shift indicates the presence of pathology in the body. For some representatives of the beautiful half of humanity, this is one of the features of the body.

Let's define terms

The menstrual cycle and menstruation are 2 different concepts. Menstruation is. A cycle is the period of time between one menstruation and another. Calculating how many days in a cycle is very simple. It is necessary to subtract from the date of the current monthly the date of the previous ones and add 1 day. For example, the date of the current allocation is January 30, the previous one is January 1. Menstrual cycle 30-1+1=30 days.

The menstrual cycle is a physiological process. He testifies that a woman is sexually mature, can become pregnant and bear a child. The first at the age of 11-15 years, and they disappear in women at menopausal age - 45-55 years.

In the menstrual cycle, the only external manifestation is spotting, called menstruation or menstruation.

Blood begins to stand out due to the fact that it is time for the exfoliation of the endometrium. So in medicine is called the mucous membrane of the female organ - the uterus. Like all body tissues, the endometrium changes from time to time - it grows and becomes thicker. Contribute to this hormones in the blood - estrogen and progesterone. As soon as the period of their increase begins, the endometrium begins to grow. And as soon as the level decreases, the layer collapses. In this case, the blood vessels into which the endometrium has sprouted during its growth are damaged. The collapsing endometrium and blood from damaged vessels mix with each other and flow out through the vagina. This is called monthly.

Cycle phases

During the menstrual cycle, hormone levels are not the same. Depending on its change, the cycle is divided into 3 phases:

• menstruation (monthly bleeding);
• follicular, or proliferative;
• premenstrual, or luteal.

The norm of the first phase - monthly bleeding (menstruation) - ranges from 4 to 6 days. The most abundant bleeding occurs in the first 1-2 days.

In this case, a woman may experience a number of symptoms:

• pain in the lower part of the abdominal cavity;
• cramps in the abdomen and pelvis;
• convulsive state of the lower extremities;
• pain in the lumbar spine;
• weakness all over the body and malaise.

The pains are not strong, but can be sharp. They come from uterine contractions. By this process, the body helps her get rid of the collapsed endometrium on the days of menstruation.

It is characterized by the release of an egg from the ovary. This phenomenon occurs in the first weeks from the onset of menstruation. At this point, the uterus begins to prepare for pregnancy by building up the endometrium. Usually only one egg is involved in the cycle. The time of its release is different for all women, therefore the number of days of the cycle is also different.

5 days of the follicular phase and 1 day of ovulation make up the fertile window. This period of time is the maximum possible period for conception. It is not possible to accurately determine the day without special diagnostics.

The premenstrual phase begins on day 1 of ovulation. You can't define it exactly. Women's bodies are different from each other, and each of them happens in different ways. Ovulation is also influenced by factors such as stress, psycho-emotional state, lack of sexual intercourse, breastfeeding, etc. But the time period is known - from 7 to 22 days of the menstrual cycle.

Certain symptoms accompany the normal process of ovulation. Among them:

• small brownish discharge;
• pains of a pulling nature, their focus is the lower abdomen;
• fatigue and unpleasant weakness, possibly general malaise.

If the egg is fertilized, then pregnancy occurs. If this does not happen, a gradual rejection of the endometrium begins, and the next menstruation comes.

The premenstrual phase also has its symptoms:

• nervous tension;
• increased emotionality;
• a woman wants to constantly cry or get angry at anyone;
• bloating and constipation;
• the appearance of rashes on the skin of the face;
• excessive oiliness of the skin;
• sensitivity of the mammary glands and their excessive sensitivity.

Just before the menstruation itself, the back can hurt, the mood deteriorates. The woman feels the loss of vitality.

Specialist consultation

According to doctors, a normal menstrual cycle is a period of 28-35 days. The value is an average. The body of a woman is individual, so its deviation to a smaller or larger side should not frighten a woman. You can worry if menstruation occurs more often than once every 3 weeks. This can cause the development of anemia, as there is a loss of blood.

If the interval between periods is more than 1.5-2 months and is repeated too often, then this is considered abnormal. You need to see a doctor to find out the cause.

Irregular menstruation can occur when a woman follows a strict diet and loses weight (which are interrelated). It will not be difficult for a doctor to find out the cause of such deviations in menstruation. He will recommend the patient to eat right, after which the cycle will become what it should be.

It also happens that the doctor does not notice the possible cause of deviations from the norm. In this case, ultrasound diagnostics is performed. The body of the uterus and ovaries are examined. Tests are given for the level of hormones in different phases of the menstrual cycle. Consultation with a specialist in endocrinology.

Sometimes hormone therapy is prescribed to normalize the cycle. Those patients who do not intend to conceive a child take hormonal contraceptives. And those who, on the contrary, want to get pregnant, take progesterone preparations.

Among the female representatives there are those who have a cycle and should not correspond to the norm. In young girls, it does not normalize immediately, but only after a while. And in women over 45, menopause is expected, so failures are possible. In young mothers who are breastfeeding a baby, menstruation may be irregular or absent.

Norm and pathology

Women are interested in knowing bleeding. A period of 4-6 days is considered normal. But this is optional. The female body is individual.

More abundant discharge begins on day 2. Together with blood, clots can be released - these are particles of the endometrium. From day 3, the bleeding begins to subside little by little. But on the 4th day they increase again. From the next day, gradually disappear.

But it happens that 1 day is the most plentiful. And with each subsequent subsides. It also happens differently. But no matter what the course of menstruation is, menstruation should not last more than 7 days. And they should not be too plentiful.

In order for a woman to figure out what it means too plentiful, you can focus on the following. On days 1 and 2, a pad or tampon should be used within 3-4 hours.

Abundant bleeding is when the pad is not enough for 1-2 hours. At night, using night pads, blood flows onto bed linen.