Cetirizine is available in tablet form. Interaction with other drugs

Cetirizine is an antihistamine with a prolonged antiallergic effect.

All drug names

The Russian name of the medication is Cetirizine.

Latin name: Cetirizinum.

The chemical name in pharmacology is -1-piperazinyl]ethoxy]acetic acid (in the form of hydrochloride).

Pharmacology

Pharmachologic effect.

The main pharmacological action of Cetirizine is antiallergic. The medicine prevents the development of allergic reactions and facilitates their occurrence.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride has antiexudative and antipruritic properties. It has an antiallergic effect on the early stage of allergies, and at a later stage it limits the release of inflammatory mediators.

Under the influence of the drug, the migration of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils decreases.

Under the influence of the drug, the permeability of capillary walls and tissue swelling are reduced, and spasms of smooth muscles are eliminated.

The medicine is able to prevent and reduce the skin reaction that occurs when histamine is released and when specific allergens penetrate the skin.

The drug reduces allergic manifestations that develop under the influence of cold.

Cetirizine effectively eliminates bronchospasm that develops in patients with mild bronchial asthma.

The drug has practically no antiserotonin and anticholinergic mechanism of action. When used in therapeutic doses, a sedative effect does not develop.

After taking Cetirizine in an amount of 10 mg, the therapeutic effect begins to develop in half of the patients after 20 minutes, in 95% of people after an hour. The duration of antihistamine action reaches 24 hours.

During the course of treatment, addiction was not established. After the medication is stopped, its effect remains for another three days.

Pharmacokinetics.

Absorption of Cetirizine from the stomach occurs quickly. The maximum concentration of the substance in the blood is detected one hour after administration.

Bioavailability is the same both when using tablets and when using the liquid dosage form of the drug.

Eating does not affect absorption, but reduces its rate.

It binds to plasma proteins by 93% and this figure remains unchanged if the concentration of Cetirizine is in the range from 25 to 1000 ng/ml.

Metabolized in small amounts in the liver, producing an inactive metabolite.

The drug does not accumulate in the body. Two-thirds of cetirizine is excreted through the urinary system, about 10% in feces.

The half-life in adult patients ranges from 7 to 10 hours, in children aged 6 to 12 years – 6 hours. At the age of two to 6 years it decreases to 5 hours. The half-life from six months to two years reaches 3.1 hours.

In elderly patients, the half-life increases to 50%. In this case, systemic clearance decreases by 40%, which is associated with a decrease in kidney function.

In case of renal pathologies, the clearance of the drug decreases and the half-life increases. This feature must be taken into account when selecting the dosage of Cetirizine.

In patients with chronic liver diseases (mainly with various forms of cirrhosis), the half-life is extended by 50%, and the total clearance is reduced by 40%.

Cetirizine passes into breast milk.

Forms of release of the drug

Cetirizine is available in several dosage forms:

Main manufacturers of the drug

The name "Cetirizine" is often supplemented by other abbreviations, which most often indicate the manufacturer of the product.

Cetirizine Teva.

This drug is produced by the Israeli company Teva, part of Pharmaceutical Enterprises LTD.

Release form: tablets with C10 engraving on one side. The blister contains 10 tablets; the package can contain from one to three blisters.

Cetirizine Hexal.

Produced in Germany by " Salutas Pharma GmbH" Available in the form of tablets, placed 7 or 10 pieces in a blister.

One cardboard package can contain from one to three blisters; the manufacturer also produces the product with 5 blisters in one pack.

Cetirizine Hexal syrup is available in 75 ml containers.

Cetirizine Sandoz.

Produced in the form of tablets and drops by the company " Lichtenheldt GmbH Pharmaceuticals Fabrik" in Germany.

Cetirizine Sandoz drops have a transparent appearance and do not contain foreign impurities. One ml of the drug contains 10 mg of Cetirizine dihydrochloride. Drops are packaged in dark glass bottles of 10 or 20 ml.

The bottles have a dropper stopper and a child-proof cap.

Cetirizine Sandoz tablets are packaged in 7 or 20 pieces in a blister.

Cetirizine DS.

The drug is produced and sold by a Vietnamese company " DANAPHA PHARMACEUTICAL Joint Stock Company" Available in the form of tablets of 10 pieces per package.

Cetirizine obl.

This medicine is produced in Russia at JSC " FP "OBOLENSKOE"" Release form: tablets, blister contains 10, 14, 15, 20, 30 tablets. One package can contain up to 6 blisters.

Cetirizine Akrikhin.

Manufacturer: Warsaw Pharmaceutical Plant JSC, Poland. Release form: tablets, one blister contains 7 or 20 tablets. The packaging of the drug contains one blister.

Cetirizine FT.

Produced by LLC " Pharmaceutical technology", located in Minsk.

Available in the form of drops for internal use. The clear solution has a faint vinegar odor.

The drops are packaged in 20 ml bottles with a dropper stopper.

Cetirizine Astrapharm.

This drug is produced by the Ukrainian company LLC " Astrapharm", located in the city of Vishnevoye. The release form is round tablets, there are 10 pieces in a blister. There are one or two blisters in the box.

Instructions for use

The treatment regimen for Cetirizine and its analogues should be selected for each patient by an allergist on an individual basis.

Pills.

Adult patients, including children over 12 years of age, take one Cetirizine tablet per day, preferably in the evening.

At the age of 6 to 12 years inclusive and weighing up to 30 kg, half a tablet is prescribed.

If at this age the weight exceeds 30 kg, then an adult dosage is required, that is, one tablet per day; when treating children, it is not forbidden to divide the daily dosage into two doses - half a tablet is drunk in the evening and in the morning.

Syrup with cetirizine.

Children from two to 12 years old and weighing less than 30 kg are prescribed a dose of 5 ml; if the weight is greater, then 10 ml of the drug per day is needed.

Patients over 12 years of age require a daily dosage of 10 ml.

Drops with cetirizine.

Prescribed to children from one to two years of age at a dose of 2.5 mg, which is 5 ml of solution. 5 mg or 10 drops are prescribed for children from two to six years old. From 6 to 12 years old, the recommended daily dosage is 20 drops or 10 mg.

Over the age of 12 years, 20 drops per day are required. It is best to drink drops in the evening.

When treating with tablets, they must be washed down with at least half a glass of water. Before use, the drops are dissolved in a small amount of clean water.

In case of renal failure, the doctor may reduce the recommended dosage based on tests. Patients with liver pathologies also require selection of an individual dose, especially if they are combined with renal disorders.

The average duration of treatment depends on the type of allergic reaction. It usually takes up to 6 weeks.

For short-term exposure to the allergen, a weekly course of treatment with Cetirizine is sufficient. Under the age of 6 years, it is not recommended to take the drug for more than one month.

Possible side effects from using the drug Cetirizine

1. Fatigue;
2. Head pain and dizziness;
3. Dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain;
4. Drowsiness;
5. Pharyngitis symptoms.

Clinical trials found that treatment with cetirizine did not affect the daily activity of young volunteers.

In children treated with Cetirizine, slightly different adverse reactions occurred:

1. Diarrhea;
2. Increased drowsiness;
3. Rhinitis;
4. Fast fatiguability.

Among adults and children receiving cetirizine for a long time, the following may occur:

• Thrombocytopenia;
• Hypersensitivity reactions. In very rare cases it occurred;
• Increased appetite;
• Excitement, less often - aggression, hallucinations, sleep disorders, depression. In rare cases, patients experienced tics and suicidal ideation;
• Paresthesia, seizures. In rare cases, distortion of taste, dystonia, fainting, tremor of the limbs, and memory impairment were noted;
• Blurred vision, disturbances of accommodation, nystagmus;
• Tachycardia;
• Dyspeptic disorders;
• Changes in liver test parameters;
• and itching. In rare cases, patients experienced urticaria, drug-induced erythema,;
• Enuresis, dysuria, in rare cases, urinary retention occurred;
• Malaise, asthenia;
• Increase in body weight.

Overdose

Signs of overdose often occur when taking 50 mg of Cetirizine, which is 5 times the daily dose for an adult.

The main symptoms of overdose include:

• Confusion;
• Severe dizziness and headache;
• Increased fatigue;
• Diarrhea;
• Mydriasis;
• Body itching;
• Severe drowsiness;
• Stupor;
• Cardiopalmus;
• Anxiety;
• Tremor of the limbs;
• Urinary retention.

If signs of overdose appear, you need to quickly rinse the stomach and induce vomiting. Then enterosorbents are used, other medications are selected depending on the identified symptoms.

There is no specific antidote for Cetirizine. Hemodialysis is not considered an effective treatment for overdose.

Restrictions on use

Correct dose selection must be achieved in moderate to severe chronic renal failure and in elderly patients.

The syrup is used starting from two years. The tablet form of this antihistamine is allowed to be prescribed after 6 years.

During treatment with drugs containing cetirizine, it is not recommended to drink alcohol-containing drinks.

General contraindications

Cetirizine is contraindicated:

• In all trimesters of pregnancy;
• During the lactation period;
• Patients with end-stage renal failure;
• If you are hypersensitive to cetirizine;
• Up to 6 years in tablet form.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

An analysis of data on pregnancy outcomes in more than 700 patients taking cetirizine did not reveal a cause-and-effect relationship between treatment with this antihistamine and the formation of malformations. Neonatal and embryonic toxicity of the drug has not been established.

Experimental studies conducted on animals also have not established the indirect and direct effects of Cetirizine on the course of pregnancy, the developing fetus itself and its subsequent development.

But since there have been no targeted studies of the effects of Cetirizine on the body of a pregnant woman, this drug is not recommended for use while expecting a child. According to the FDA, the category of effect on the fetus is “B”.

Cetirizine passes into and is excreted in breast milk. Therefore, during breastfeeding, this medicine can only be used after consultation with a qualified allergist.

No negative effects of Cetrizine on human fertility have been established.

Precautionary measures

Due to the depressant effect of Cetirizine on the central nervous system, this drug in the form of drops should be prescribed with extreme caution to children under one year of age in whom factors have been identified that increase the risk of SIDS - sudden infant death syndrome.

These factors include:

• SIDS or sleep apnea syndrome in an infant sibling;
• Abuse of smoking and drug use by a pregnant woman;
• Mother's age is under 19 years;
• Smoking abuse by persons directly caring for the child;
• Falling asleep face down;
• Prematurity less than 37 weeks;
• Underweight;
• Taking medications that depress the central nervous system.

Cetirizine increases the risk of urinary retention. Therefore, taking this drug should be cautious for patients with spinal cord injuries, prostatic hyperplasia, and severe renal impairment.

Caution must also be observed when treating patients with epilepsy and seizure predisposition.

The effect of Cetirizine on the ability to drive vehicles and operate complex mechanisms has not been established. However, if drowsiness occurs during antiallergic treatment, it is necessary to refrain from potentially dangerous activities.

That is, they temporarily give up driving and work that requires increased reaction speed.

Interaction with other substances

Analysis of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Cetirizine indicates an unlikely effect of Cetirizine on the mechanism of action of other drugs. No significant interactions have been established between cetirizine, theophylline or pseudoephedrine.

Simultaneous treatment with drugs containing Cetirizine, ethanol and other substances that depress the central nervous system can lead to decreased attention and reduce the speed of reactions.

But Cetirizine is not able to enhance the effect of ethanol (this applies to those cases when the concentration of ethanol in the blood does not exceed 0.5 g/l.).

Conditions of storage and dispensing in pharmacies

The drug is available in pharmacies without a prescription. At room temperature and in its original packaging, the medicine can be stored for three years.

After opening the bottle, the drops should be used for no more than six months. The syrup can be used for three months after opening.

Other trade names of the drug with the active substance

Cetirizine as the main active ingredient is included in the following drugs:

• Allertek;
• Alerza;
• Zintset;
• Parlazin;
• Letizen;
• Cetirizine DS;
• Cetirizine HEXAL;
• Cetirizine-OBL;
• Cetirizine-Akrikhin;
• Cetirizine Sandoz;
• Cetirizine-Teva;
• Cetirinax;
• Cetirizine dihydrochloride;
• Zenaro;
• Zodak Active;
• Zodak Express;
• Glenceth;
• Alerset-L;
• Suprastinex;
• Egizin.

LP 001317-021211

Tradename: Cetirizine -Teva

International Nonproprietary Name (INN): cetirizine

Dosage form:

film-coated tablets

Compound
1 tablet contains:
active substance cetirizine dihydrochloride 10.00 mg;
Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose 40.00 mg, lactose monohydrate 63.50 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide 0.50 mg, magnesium stearate 1.00 mg;
shell Opadry OY-GM-28900 white: hypromellose (E464) 0.94 mg, polydextrose 0.94 mg, titanium dioxide (E171) 0.94 mg, macrogol-4000 0.18 mg.

Description
Biconvex oblong tablets, film-coated, white or almost white. On one side there is a dividing line, on the other there is an engraving “C10”.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

antiallergic agent H1-histamine receptor blocker

ATX code: R06AE07

Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Cetirizine is a competitive histamine antagonist, a metabolite of hydroxyzine, and a blocker of H1-histamine receptors. Inhibits vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P, and neuropeptides involved in the development of an allergic reaction. Prevents the development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions, has antipruritic and antiexudative effects. Affects the early stage of allergic reactions, limits the release of inflammatory mediators at the “late” stage of the allergic reaction, reduces the migration of eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils. Reduces capillary permeability, prevents the development of tissue edema, relieves spasm of smooth muscles.
Eliminates skin reactions to the introduction of histamine, specific allergens, as well as to cooling (with cold urticaria). Reduces histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in mild bronchial asthma. It has virtually no anticholinergic and antiserotonergic effects. In therapeutic doses it practically does not cause a sedative effect. The therapeutic effect develops 2 hours after administration, reaching a maximum after 4 hours, and lasts more than 24 hours. During a course of treatment, tolerance to the antihistamine effect of cetirizine does not develop. After stopping treatment, the effect lasts up to 3 days.

Pharmacokinetics
Suction. After oral administration, it is quickly absorbed. The maximum concentration in plasma (Cmax) is reached after 1 hour. Taking the drug with food does not affect the amount of absorption, but the rate of absorption is slightly reduced (the time to reach Cmax increases by 1 hour).
Distribution. Cetirizine binds to plasma proteins by 93%. Volume of distribution (Vd) - 0.5 l/kg. Excreted in breast milk. Does not accumulate.
Metabolism. In small quantities it is metabolized to form a pharmacologically inactive metabolite (unlike other H1-histamine receptor blockers, which are metabolized in the liver with the participation of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme system).
Excretion. 60% of the drug is excreted unchanged by the kidneys within 96 hours and about 10% is excreted through the intestines. The half-life (T1/2) is 7-10 hours. It is practically not removed by hemodialysis.
Pharmacokinetics in special clinical cases. T1/2 for children aged 6-12 years - 6 hours. In patients with impaired renal or liver function, the elimination of the drug slows down and T1/2 increases.

Indications for use
Adults and children over 12 years old

Symptomatic treatment of seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis with concomitant allergic conjunctivitis;

Children aged 6 to 12 years

Symptomatic treatment of seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis;

chronic idiopathic urticaria. Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cetirizine, other components of the drug and piperazine derivatives; children under 6 years of age; pregnancy; breastfeeding period; end-stage renal failure (creatinine clearance (CC) less than 10 ml/min); patients on hemodialysis; lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency; glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome. Carefully
Moderate to severe chronic renal failure; age over 65 years; simultaneous use with drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (CNS), such as barbiturates, opioid analgesics, ethanol, benzodiazepine derivatives, zolpidem, etc. Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Cetirizine is contraindicated for use in pregnant women, because insufficient data on safety and effectiveness.
There is no data on the excretion of cetirizine in breast milk; cetirizine should not be used during breastfeeding. Directions for use and doses
Inside. The tablets are swallowed completely, without chewing, with a small amount of water, preferably in the evening.
Adults, children over 12 years of age and weighing more than 30 kg
10 mg (1 tablet) 1 time per day.
Children 6-12 years old
With a body weight of more than 30 kg. 10 mg 1 time a day or 5 mg (1/2 tablet) 2 times a day (morning and evening).
With body weight less than 30 kg. 5 mg (1/2 tablet) 1 time per day.
In patients with renal failure dose adjustment depends on the CC value and is presented in the table: The duration of treatment is selected individually depending on the symptoms of the disease. If drowsiness occurs, the drug should be taken in the evening. Side effect
The incidence of adverse reactions is classified according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization: very often - at least 10%; often - not less than 1% and less than 10%; infrequently - not less than 0.1% and less than 1%; rarely - not less than 0.01% and less than 0.1%; very rare - less than 0.01%, including isolated cases.
From the blood and lymphatic system: very rarely - thrombocytopenia.
From the immune system: rarely - hypersensitivity reaction; very rarely - anaphylactic shock.
From the nervous system: infrequently - paresthesia, agitation; rarely - convulsions, movement disorders, aggression, confusion, depression, hallucinations, insomnia; very rarely - disturbance of taste, fainting.
From the cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia, palpitations.
From the side of the organ of vision: very rarely - accommodation disorders, blurred vision, oculogyric crisis.
From the gastrointestinal tract: infrequently - diarrhea.
From the liver and biliary tract: rarely - increased activity of liver transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase; very rarely - hepatitis.
For the skin and subcutaneous tissues: uncommon - itching, rash; rarely - urticaria; very rarely - angioedema, erythema multiforme.
From the kidneys and urinary tract: very rarely - dysuria, urinary incontinence, difficulty urinating.
Others: infrequently - asthenia, discomfort; rarely - swelling, weight gain. Overdose
Symptoms: drowsiness, anxiety, increased irritability, urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation, mydriasis, tachycardia.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, symptomatic therapy. Interaction with other drugs
No pharmacokinetic interactions were detected with pseudoephedrine, cimetidine, ketoconazole, erythromycin, azithromycin, diazepam and glipizide.
Concomitant use with theophylline (400 mg/day) leads to a decrease in the total clearance of cetirizine (the kinetics of theophylline does not change).
Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of cetirizine.
The use of cetirizine must be discontinued three days before allergy testing.
It is recommended to exercise caution during the simultaneous use of drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system. special instructions
In some patients, long-term treatment with Cetirizine-Teva may increase the risk of developing caries due to dry mouth. For this reason, careful oral hygiene is necessary during treatment with the drug.
Cetirizine-Teva should be used with caution in patients with moderate to severe chronic renal failure and in elderly patients (reduced glomerular filtration rate is possible).
Cetirizine-Teva may enhance the effects of alcohol, so it is recommended to refrain from drinking alcohol while using the drug. For patients with hereditary galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency and impaired absorption of glucose-galactose, Cetirizine-Teva is contraindicated. Impact on the ability to drive a car and operate machinery
Caution should be exercised when using the drug Cetirizine-Teva due to the possible development of adverse reactions that may adversely affect the ability to drive vehicles and perform potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions. Release form
Film-coated tablets 10 mg.
10 tablets in blisters made of aluminum foil/PVC/PVDC.
1, 2 or 3 blisters are placed in a cardboard box along with instructions for use. Storage conditions
Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C in a place protected from light.
Keep out of the reach of children. Best before date
3 years.
Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package. Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
Over the counter. Legal entity in whose name the RU was issued:
Teva Pharmaceutical Enterprises Ltd., Israel

Manufacturer:

Teva Pharmaceutical Enterprises Ltd., 64 HaShikma Street, Kfar Sava 44102, Israel Address for receiving complaints:
119049, Moscow, st. Shabolovka, 10, bldg. 1. Popular search query:

Cetirizine, general information

The drug Cetirizine is an antiallergic drug. Available in the form of tablets, which are covered with a white coating, oblong in shape. The main active ingredient is cetirizine dihydrochloride, 1 tablet = 10 mg. Excipients include microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, macrogol.

The drug is packaged in cardboard packs, each containing blisters of 7-10 tablets.

Cetirizine is also produced in the form of colorless transparent drops with a vinegary odor. The main component of the product is cetirizine dihydrochloride, 1 ml = 10 mg. Excipients include: glycerol, sodium saccharinate, propylene glycol, propylparabenzene, sodium acetate, methylparabenzene, glacial acetic acid, purified water.

Cetirizine drops are packaged in dark glass dropper bottles with a capacity of 10-20 ml.

Cetirizine, indications, contraindications

The drug Cetirizine is prescribed for:

• symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis, both seasonal and year-round; for the symptomatic treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Symptoms include rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching, conjunctival hyperemia, lacrimation;
• treatment of hay fever (hay fever);
• treatment of urticaria;
• treatment of Quincke's edema;
• treatment of other allergic dermatoses, which are accompanied by rash and itching.

Taking the drug is contraindicated in the following cases:

• Pregnancy and lactation;
• End stage renal failure;
• Manifestations of hereditary galactose intolerance by the body;
• When the child’s age is less than 6 years (to take tablets) or less than 6 months (to take drops);
• Increased sensitivity of the body to hydroxyzine;
• Hypersensitivity of the body to any of the components of the drug.

The drug is prescribed with some caution in cases where the patient has chronic renal failure (in this case it is necessary to adjust the prescribed dose), in cases of chronic liver disease, as well as in elderly patients.

Cetirizine, overdose and side effects of the drug

In case of an overdose of Cetirizine (single dose exceeding 50 mg), the following symptoms may occur:

• dizziness,
• headache,
• diarrhea,
• fast fatiguability,
• weakness,
• malaise,
• confusion,
• drowsiness,
• stupor,
• sedative effect,
• tremor,
• tachycardia,
• delay when urinating.

Treatment is based on gastric lavage or artificial induction of vomiting. Activated carbon, symptomatic and supportive therapy are also prescribed. There is no specially developed antidote; hemodialysis is not an effective remedy in this case.

The following side effects are possible when taking the drug:

• Digestive system - nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dry mouth, liver dysfunction;
• Cardiovascular system - the appearance of tachycardia;
• Nervous system – headache, aggression, dizziness, drowsiness, depression, hallucinations, insomnia, convulsions, tic, tremor, fainting, dyskinesia, dystonia;
• Hematopoietic system - thrombocytopenia;
• Visual organs - nystagmus, loss of sharpness of vision, impaired accommodation;
• Respiratory organs – pharyngitis, rhinitis;
• Metabolism – possible change in body weight towards increase;
• Urinary system – enuresis, urinary disorders;
• Allergic manifestations - rash, urticaria, itching, swelling, increased sensitivity, as a final result anaphylactic shock;
• Additionally – malaise, swelling of the integument, fatigue, asthenia.

Despite the above points, side effects when taking Cetirizine occur in very rare cases.

The use of the drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Cetirizine, drops and tablets, use, dosage

The drug Cetirizine is prescribed for oral administration.

For people over 6 years of age, the drug is prescribed in an amount of 10 mg (which is 1 tablet or 20 drops) per day. Adults take 10 mg once a day, children 5 mg twice a day - or 10 mg once a day. In some cases, an initial dose of 5 mg may be sufficient to obtain a positive therapeutic effect.

For the age group from 2 to 6 years old, Cetirizine is prescribed in the amount of 2.5 mg (which is 5 drops) twice a day, or 5 mg (=10 drops) once a day.

For the age group from one to 2 years, the drug is prescribed in the amount of 2.5 mg (=5 drops) twice a day.

For the age group from 6 to 12 months, Cetirizine is prescribed once a day at a dosage of 2.5 mg (=5 drops).

If elderly patients have renal failure, the dose of Cetirizine is adjusted based on the CC value. For patients suffering from renal and liver failure, the required dosage is calculated based on the data in the table:

No adjustment of the prescribed dosage is required for patients in whom only hepatic function is impaired.

Cetirizine, storage and distribution conditions

Cetirizine tablets are stored for no more than 5 years at a temperature of no more than 30 ° C, in places inaccessible to children. Cetirizine drops are stored for 5 years at a temperature of no more than 25 ° C, in a place inaccessible to children.

In the pharmacy chain, the drug Cetirizine is distributed without a prescription.

Cetirizine for children

Currently, the problem of allergic reactions in childhood has become more acute. The trigger for symptoms can be anything: from pollen to seemingly innocent foods. Given the current state of affairs, pharmaceutical companies are not standing still, developing new drugs. Unfortunately, not all of them are suitable for children. Cetirizine is an antihistamine that can be used not only by adults, but also by children.

Zyrtec is good for long-term use; for children, Cetirizine is prescribed in drops. However, it is contraindicated for children under 6 months of age. The attending physician can prescribe this drug to this age group only with a significant reduction in dosage, and the administration and subsequent reaction must be strictly monitored by a specialist.

For children under one year of age, Cetirizine is used as nasal drops; before instillation, it is necessary to pre-clean the nasal passages. Place drops in the nose once a day, drop by drop into the nasal passage. From one to 6 years, the drops are used in diluted form (5 drops), and after 6 years - in pure form. The daily dose can be applied at a time, or divided into two doses. Children over 10 years old can be given the drug in its pure form, 10 drops twice a day.

The duration of the course is determined by the attending physician and is based directly on the original disease that caused the allergic reaction, as well as on the age of the child. If there are no contraindications, the drug can be given once only if the situation is critical and urgent medical attention is needed.

Cetirizine, price

Depending on the form of release, the region of distribution of the drug, as well as the distributor itself, the cost of the drug Cetirizine can range from 170.00 UAH. up to 233.00 UAH.

Cetirizine, reviews

• Very expensive, but at the same time a very high quality product. The pediatrician prescribed it for us; I probably wouldn’t have bought it myself; there are cheaper options. But it’s very convenient for babies - I diluted the drops in milk and fed the baby from a spoon. Nothing, I swallowed calmly, and it helped very quickly.

• Pediatricians love Cetirizine, they prescribed it to the neighbor's boy, just like us. Children have diathesis, one or the other. It helped my girlfriend very quickly, she talked to the tomboy’s mom – everything is fine there too. There were no side effects observed, everything worked out well. And the child did not spit the diluted drops, which is also important. Just always consult your doctor first, even if it’s an over-the-counter drug.

Similar instructions:

Many people do not give due importance to allergies. In fact, a simple rash or rhinitis may indicate serious problems in the body. If an allergic reaction develops, it is advisable to immediately consult a doctor. Cetirizine tablets or drops will help temporarily improve the condition. The analogue can also be used after consultation with a therapist. You should definitely undergo all the necessary tests to find out what exactly is causing the allergic reaction.

Medicine "Cetirizine". Release form and composition

Film-coated tablets are available in white. The main active ingredient is cetirizine dihydrochloride. The excipients are lactose monohydrate, colloidal silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, and the tablets are sold in cardboard packaging. The drug can be used in the form of drops.

The drug acts by blocking histamine receptors. Thanks to this, the course of allergic reactions is significantly facilitated, and the development of similar symptoms in the future is also prevented. Cetirizine tablets act only as an adjuvant. The analogue can also be used only after the cause of such a reaction of the body has been identified.

Cetirizine tablets are quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After oral administration, the maximum effect is achieved within an hour. Food intake does not affect the bioavailability of the drug. In this case, maximum efficiency can be achieved later.

Indications

The medicine is prescribed for the development of allergic reactions such as rhinitis, urticaria, itching, rash. The tablets can also be used for hay fever. In the most severe cases, patients may develop swelling of the cervical region and extremities. If you notice the first unpleasant symptoms, you should immediately take an antihistamine and call emergency help. It is important to prevent the development of Quincke's edema. This condition is life-threatening for the patient. If medical attention is not provided in a timely manner, death can occur.

Citirizine tablets can be used for prophylaxis. The analogue can also be used after consultation with a doctor. Such medications can be used by people who are prone to food allergies. The drug is taken 30-40 minutes before meals.

Contraindications

You should not use Cetirizine tablets without consulting a physician. Instructions for use, price, analogues - all this should be studied before taking the medicine for the first time. The medication has a number of contraindications. It is not prescribed to people who suffer from kidney and liver failure. There are also age restrictions. Tablets can only be prescribed to patients over 6 years of age. Elderly people should use the medicine with caution. It is advisable to first consult with a specialist.

It is strictly prohibited to use during pregnancy and lactation. Every woman should know what foods can cause an allergic reaction. Prevention is important. If unpleasant symptoms develop, you should immediately seek medical help. It must be remembered that the tendency to allergies can be transmitted from mother to child.

special instructions

A specialist will always be able to tell you how to use Cetirizine tablets correctly. Instructions, analogues - all this needs to be clarified in advance. Therapists ask you to pay special attention to food products that are consumed during the treatment period. It is worth giving up citrus fruits and chocolate. It is not advisable to use in combination with alcohol. The bioavailability of the drug may be significantly reduced.

Cetirizine tablets, drops, analogues and many other antihistamines should be taken with caution if kidney function is impaired. Before starting treatment, it is advisable to undergo examination by a specialist. It is strictly forbidden to take medicine if you have kidney failure.

Cetirizine tablets can be prescribed to young patients only in rare cases. Parents should first consult with their pediatrician. An antihistamine can only be used by patients over 6 years of age whose body weight exceeds 30 kg.

Dosage

To achieve maximum effect, you should take Cetirizine tablets correctly. The analogue should also be used after carefully studying the instructions. The drug is taken orally. There is no need to chew the tablets. Wash them down with plenty of water. The medication can be used regardless of meals. On an empty stomach, the rate of absorption of tablets increases. Adults and children are prescribed one tablet per day. In rare cases, the dosage may be increased.

For allergic rhinitis, Cetirizine drops can be prescribed. The medicine in this form is taken 2-3 times a day in each nasal passage.

When using a single dose of medication exceeding 50 mg, symptoms such as dry mouth, nausea, drowsiness, confusion, and increased irritability may occur. Overdose is treated by gastric lavage in a hospital setting. Additionally, symptomatic therapy is used.

Side effects

When using the medicine in the correct dosage, side effects may also occur. The digestive system may cause dry mouth and nausea. Such symptoms are most often temporary and disappear the very next day after the start of therapy. Discontinuation of the drug is not required.

Side effects can also develop from the nervous system. Patients often complain of headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and increased fatigue. If symptoms are severe, you should consult a specialist for advice. In some cases, doctors recommend replacing the medication.

Drug interactions

Cetirizine should be used with caution in combination with other drugs. Analogues, instructions for use - all this is worth studying before starting treatment. It is not recommended to use the medication together with theophylline. The clearance of the main active component of the tablets may be reduced.

Myelotoxic drugs should be used with caution during allergy treatment. A hematotoxic effect may develop. No clinical interactions were found with other drugs. Despite this, people who suffer from chronic diseases and are forced to take medications regularly should consult a doctor before using an antihistamine.

Analogs

If for a number of reasons you were unable to purchase Cetrizin tablets, you can always choose a high-quality analogue. Your doctor will help you make your choice. Citrine tablets are popular among specialists. The antiallergic agent is also based on cytirizine. You can also find the medicine in the form of syrup. The main difference is the possibility of using the medicine in patients under 6 years of age. An analogue of “Citrina” (tablets “Cetirizine”), as already mentioned, is prescribed to children over 6 years of age and weighing more than 30 kg.

Allertek tablets are another popular histamine receptor blocker. The medication is prescribed for allergic reactions of varying intensity in patients weighing over 30 kg. Children are given medicine only in rare cases. It is not recommended to use the product during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Name:

Cetirizine-FT

Release form: drops

Analogues:

Parlazin, Zodak, Cetirizine-hexal, Zincet, Zyrtec.

Dosage form and its description:

colorless transparent liquid without sediment, with a faint characteristic odor of acetic acid.

ATX code: R06AE07

Compound:

Active substance:

Cetirizine dihydrochloride 10 mg/ml.
Excipients:

propylene glycol, glycerin, sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium saccharin, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, glacial acetic acid, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, purified water.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

Antihistamine for systemic use, piperazine derivatives.

Pharmachologic effect:

Pharmacodynamics
Cetirizine is a piperazine derivative and is a carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine. Cetirizine has selective antagonism of peripheral H1 receptors and has a pronounced antiallergic effect. Has antipruritic and antiexudative effect. It has almost no effect on other types of receptors, does not have anticholinergic and antiserotonergic effects. Cetirizine affects the “early” histamine-dependent stage of the allergic reaction, and also limits the release of inflammatory mediators at the “late” stage of the allergic reaction, and has an anti-inflammatory effect. It reduces the migration of eosinoyls, neutrophils and basophils, stabilizes the membranes of mast cells. Reduces capillary permeability, prevents the development of tissue edema, and eliminates spasm of smooth muscles. Eliminates skin reaction to the introduction of histamine, specific allergens, cooling, reduces histamine-induced bronchial obstruction in mild bronchial asthma.
Cetirizine is less lipophilic compared to hydroxyzine, practically does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier and does not act on H1 receptors in the central nervous system. In therapeutic doses it does not have a sedative effect.
After taking 10 mg of cetirizine, the effect develops within 20 minutes in 50% of patients, after 60 minutes in 95% of patients and lasts more than 24 hours. With repeated doses, addiction to the drug does not develop. After discontinuation of treatment, the effect persists for three days.

Pharmacokinetics
Suction: After oral administration, cetirizine is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax in blood plasma is reached within 1.0±0.5 hours and is approximately 300 ng/ml. When taken simultaneously with food, the completeness of absorption does not change, but its rate decreases. The equilibrium state is achieved on the third day. In volunteers, pharmacokinetic parameters such as Cmax and AUC are unimodal. The degree of bioavailability is similar when cetirizine is used in the form of a solution, tablets or capsules. In the dose range from 5 to 60 mg, the pharmacokinetics are linear.

Distribution: In adults, after taking 10 mg of the drug orally and in children after taking 5 mg of the drug, the volume of distribution is approximately 35 l (0.5 l/kg) and 17 l, respectively. The binding of cetirizine to plasma proteins is 93±0.3%. Cetirizine does not alter the binding of warfarin to blood proteins. When taking 10 mg/day for 10 days, no accumulation of the drug was observed.

Metabolism: Cetirizine does not undergo first-pass metabolism. In small quantities, it is metabolized in the liver by O-dealkylation to form a pharmacologically inactive metabolite (unlike other H1-histamine receptor blockers, which metabolize with the participation of the cytochrome P 450 system).

Removal: About 2/3 of the taken dose of cetirizine is excreted unchanged from the body in the urine. The half-life in adults is about 10 hours, in children 6-12 years old - about 6 hours, in children aged 2-6 years - 5 hours, from 6 months to 2 years - 3.1 hours. After taking 10 mg of the drug in adults, total clearance increases to 0.6 ml/min/kg. in children after taking 5 mg - up to 0.93 ml/min/kg. After discontinuation of cetirizine, its blood level quickly decreases to undetectable low values.

In elderly patients and patients with chronic liver dysfunction, after a single dose of cetirizine at a dose of 10 mg, T1/2 increases by approximately 50%, and clearance decreases by 40% compared to middle-aged patients.
In patients with mild renal impairment (creatinine clearance > 40 ml/min), the pharmacokinetic parameters of cetirizine are similar to those in healthy volunteers.
In patients with moderate renal failure and in patients. on hemodialysis (HD< 7 мл/мин) прием однократно 10 мг препарата приводил к удлинению T 1/2 в три раза и понижению клиренса на 70%, что требует коррекции дозы.
Cetirizine is not removed from the body by hemodialysis.

Indications for use

For adults and children aged 6 years and older:

• treatment of seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis (the duration of treatment in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis is a maximum of 4 weeks);
• treatment of allergic conjunctivitis;
• treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria.

For children from 2 to 6 years:

• treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Directions for use and doses

Cetirizine-FT is prescribed orally, regardless of food intake. The drug can be taken undiluted or diluted in a glass of water.
It is preferable to take the drug in the evening, because At this time of day the symptoms are more pronounced.

Seasonal allergic rhinitis



The recommended dose is 10 mg cetirizine dihydrochloride (24 drops) once daily for a maximum of 4 weeks. The dose can be divided into two doses (12 drops in the morning and evening).
Children aged 2 to 6 years:
The recommended daily dose is 5 mg of cetirizine dihydrochloride (12 drops) in two doses (6 drops in the morning and evening). The duration of treatment is no more than 4 weeks.

Allergic conjunctivitis
Adults and teenagers over 12 years of age:
The recommended dose of the drug is 10 mg of cetirizine dihydrochloride (24 drops) once a day.
Children aged 6 to 12 years:
The recommended dose is 10 mg cetirizine dihydrochloride (24 drops) once daily for a maximum of 4 weeks. The dose can be divided into two doses (12 drops in the morning and evening).

Perennial allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria
Adults and teenagers over 12 years of age:
The recommended dose of the drug is 10 mg of cetirizine dihydrochloride (24 drops) once a day.
Children aged 6 to 12 years:
The recommended dose is 10 mg cetirizine dihydrochloride (24 drops) once daily for a maximum of 4 weeks. The daily dose can be divided into two doses (12 drops in the morning and evening).

Special patient groups
Elderly: with normal renal function there is no need to reduce the dose of CETIRIZINE-FT. If renal function is impaired in elderly patients, the dose must be adjusted.
Patients with impaired renal function: Since cetirizine is excreted primarily through the kidneys, the dose of the drug should be selected individually depending on the value of creatinine clearance (CC). CC for men can be calculated using the formula based on serum creatinine values:
CC (ml/min) = x body weight (kg)/72 x creatinine concentration (ml/dl).
For women, CC is calculated by multiplying the resulting value by a coefficient of 0.85.

Changing the dose of CETIRIZINE-FT in patients with impaired renal function:

Group	CC (ml/min)	Dosage regimen
Norm	≥80	10 mg (24 drops)/day
Lightweight	50-79	10 mg (24 drops)/day
Moderate	30-49	5 mg (12 drops)/day
Heavy	10-29	5 mg (12 drops)/day
Thermal stage, dialysis	<10	Taking the drug is contraindicated

For children with renal failure dose selected individually taking into account CC and body weight.
Patients with impaired liver function only There is no need to adjust the dose.
Patients with impaired liver and kidney function Individual dose selection is required (see table above).
If mild side effects occur in adults and adolescents over 12 years of age, it is recommended to take 12 drops of CETIRIZINE-FT morning and evening.
Duration of treatment determined by the doctor individually depending on the course of the disease. The maximum duration of treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis in children from 2 to 12 years old and allergic conjunctivitis in children from 6 to 12 years old is 4 weeks.

Side effects

Clinical studies have shown that, at recommended dosages, cetirizine causes minor CNS adverse reactions, including drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness and headache. In some cases, paradoxical stimulation of the central nervous system was noted.
Although cetirizine is a sclerotic antagonist of peripheral H1 receptors and has virtually no anticholinergic activity. in some cases, difficulty urinating, disturbances of accommodation and dry mouth were reported.
There have been cases of liver dysfunction with increased levels of liver enzymes accompanied by increased levels of bilirubin. These changes generally disappear when treatment with cetirizine dihydrochloride is stopped.
From the cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia.
From the blood and lymphatic system: very rarely - thrombocytopenia.
From the nervous system: infrequently - paresthesia; rarely - convulsions, movement disorders; very rarely - taste perversion, fainting, tremor, dyskinesia, dystonia; frequency unknown - deafness, amnesia, memory impairment.
From the side of the organ of vision: very rarely - disturbance of accommodation, blurred vision, oculogyric crisis; frequency unknown - vasculitis.
Hearing and labyrinth disorders: frequency unknown - dizziness.
From the gastrointestinal tract: infrequently - diarrhea.
From the kidneys and urinary system: very rarely - dysuria, enuresis; frequency unknown - urinary retention.
From the skin and subcutaneous tissue: uncommon - itching, rash; rarely - urticaria; very rarely - angioedema, fixed erythema.
General disorders and disorders at the injection site: infrequently - asthenia, malaise; rarely - edema, weight gain.
From the immune system: rarely - increased sensitivity; very rarely - anaphylactic shock.
From the hepatobiliary system: rarely - increased activity of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, γ-GT and bilirubin.
Metabolism and nutrition: frequency unknown - increased appetite.
From the mental side: infrequently - excitement; rarely - aggression, confusion, depression, insomnia, hallucinations; very rarely - tic; frequency unknown - suicidal thoughts.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to cetirizine, hydroxyzine or any piperazine derivative, as well as to any of the auxiliary components of the drug;
• End-stage renal disease (ESRD)< 10 мл/мин).

Overdose:

Symptoms:

usually associated with its effects on the central nervous system and anticholinergic activity. Taking cetirizine at a dose 5 times the recommended daily dose is accompanied by symptoms such as confusion, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, malaise, mydriasis, itching, anxiety, sedation, drowsiness, stupor, tachycardia, tremor and urinary retention.
Treatment:

Within an hour after an overdose, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and give activated charcoal. If necessary, symptomatic and supportive therapy is recommended. There is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis in case of cetirizine overdose is not effective.

Interactions with other drugs:

With the simultaneous use of cetirizine with pseudoephedrine, cimetidine, ketoconazole, erythromycin, azithromycin, theophylline, diazepam, gypizide, no clinically significant pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions were observed.
When used together with ketoconazole, macrolides, theophylline and pseudoephedrine, no changes were detected on the ECG.
When using the drug in therapeutic doses, there is no evidence of a significant increase in the effect of alcohol.
According to in vitro studies, cetirizine does not alter the binding of warfarin to blood proteins.
With simultaneous course treatment with ritonavir (600 mg 2 times a day), the duration of action of cetirizine at a dose of 10 mg/day increases by 40%, the effect of ritonavir decreases by 11%.
When combining cetirizine at a dose of 20 mg/day with theophylline 400 mg/day, an increase in the AUC 24 value of cetirizine by 19% and theophylline by 11% was detected; Cmax of cetirizine increased by 7.7%, theophylline by 6.4%. If theophylline was first prescribed and then cetirizine was added, the clearance of cetirizine decreased by 16%, and the clearance of theophylline by 10%. However, in individuals who initially received treatment with cetirizt, the addition of theophylline did not lead to changes in the pharmacokinetics of the latter.
After a single dose of 10 mg of cetirizine, the effect of alcohol is not significantly enhanced (0.8%).
When coadministered with diazepam 5 mg, a clinically significant interaction was observed in only one of 16 psychometric tests.
Concomitant use of 10 mg cetirizine with glipizide may slightly reduce blood glucose levels. When taking cetirizine daily with glipizide, it is recommended to take glipizide in the morning and cetirizine in the evening.
The degree of absorption of cetirizine is not reduced when taken together with food, although the rate of absorption decreases by 1 hour.
Before performing skin allergy tests, it is recommended to discontinue cetirizine at least three days before.

special instructions

In patients with impaired renal function, the dose of Cetirizine-FT should be selected individually (see section "Method of administration and dosage").
In elderly patients, due to a possible decrease in renal function, the dose of the drug should be adjusted.
In patients with epilepsy and a tendency to seizures, the use of Cetirizine-FT should be used with caution.
During treatment with the drug, you should avoid drinking alcohol and taking medications that depress the central nervous system.
Caution should be exercised when prescribing to patients with problems with urination (benign prostatic hypertension, spinal cord damage, etc.), because Cetirizine may increase the risk of urinary retention.
Methyl parahydroxybenzoate and propyl parahydroxybenzoate, which are part of Cetirizine-FT, can cause allergic reactions.

Use in children.
Due to the lack of relevant studies, the use of cetirizine in children under 2 years of age is not recommended.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy
It is not recommended to use Cetirizine-FT in the first trimester of pregnancy. The decision to prescribe the drug in the second and third trimester is made only by the doctor after a careful assessment of the ratio of the expected benefit to the mother and the risk to the fetus. If possible, a safer drug should be used.
Lactation
Cetirizine passes into breast milk, so it is recommended to interrupt breastfeeding during the period of treatment with Cetirizine-FT.

The ability to influence reaction speed when driving vehicles

In some cases, cetirizine may cause drowsiness. Therefore, after taking Cetirizine-FT, you should not drive vehicles or perform other potentially dangerous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Release form

Drops for internal use, 20 ml in polyethylene terephthalate bottles, sealed with a dropper stopper and a screw insert.
Each bottle, together with the insert, is placed in a cardboard pack.

Storage conditions:

Store in a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.

Best before date:

2 years. The expiration date is indicated on the packaging.
Shelf life after opening is 6 weeks.

Manufacturer:

Pharmtechnology LLC