Any illness is unpleasant, no matter whether we ourselves are sick or our family and friends are sick. Feeling unwell, the need to use medical procedures and medications - there is nothing good here. But if for some diseases you can at least treat yourself to something tasty, then there is a certain list of diseases where this is not available, for example, colitis. Moreover, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are doubly insidious, since nutrition must always be specially selected: in the acute form of the disease, one diet, and in the chronic form, a somewhat expanded, but still diet.

Features of the diet for chronic colitis

A diet for chronic intestinal colitis should include a balanced and nutritious diet so that the body can receive all the nutrients, minerals and vitamins it needs, but the food is more gentle on the intestines. The basic diet is prescribed by the doctor after a thorough examination, determining the location of colitis, the stage of the disease and making a final diagnosis.

However, there is one very important nuance: any diet is only an approximate set of products and dishes, and the final adjustment depends only on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body. Firstly, each body reacts differently to certain products, so even if two patients have the same diagnosis, this does not mean that, for example, kefir is equally indicated for both. You need to listen to your gut and be able to determine what suits it and what doesn’t. The patient's conscious participation in determining an appropriate diet is half the battle.

What is the purpose of therapeutic nutrition?

In chronic colitis, nutrition should be aimed at:

• gentle regime for the intestines;
• preventing exacerbations;
• increasing the regenerative abilities of the intestinal mucosa;
• elimination of putrefactive and fermentation processes;
• restoration of normal metabolism;
• prevention of possible complications;
• general increase in the body's defenses.

In case of chronic colitis, food should be warm and fractional (at least 5-6 small portions per day). This way of eating is considered the most gentle for the intestines.

To restore intestinal functionality, it is necessary to introduce foods into the diet that will help normalize stool.

For diarrhea:

• slimy soups;
• mashed porridge;
• jelly;
• drinks - strong tea, cocoa;
• berries and fruits - black currants, blueberries, pears, pomegranate, dogwood.

For constipation:

• oils - butter or vegetable;
• cream;
• lactic acid products - sour cream, kefir, yogurt;
• vegetables and fruits - prunes, beets, apricots, pumpkin, carrots (cooked and pureed);
• cereals - buckwheat, millet, beans;
• Rye bread;
• wheat bran.

After the inflammation is relieved, you can change diet No. 4 to diet No. 4b (or, as it is also called, colitis-strained), and at the improvement stage, to diet No. 4c (colitis-rational). But do everything smoothly, gradually including new dishes in the diet in order to avoid a relapse.

For chronic colitis, food should be boiled, stewed, baked (without a rough crust), steamed. Strictly contraindicated:

• fried, spicy foods;
• fatty sauces and strong spices;
• sparkling water, grape juice and any cold drinks;
• smoked meats;
• canned food;
• cabbage;
• sweets;
• alcohol.

During the remission stage, you can eat food without first chopping or pureeing it. However, there should still be a salt limit. It is allowed to include small portions:

• milk;
• flour dishes;
• cheese (mild);
• raw fruits, vegetables (to replenish the body with coarse plant fiber).

With colitis, the synthesis of vitamins (thiamine, folacin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, niacin, etc.) is disrupted in the body (more precisely, in the gastrointestinal tract). You can replenish your reserves from raw vegetables and fruits, although it is preferable to consume them in the form of juices.

Even with chronic colitis, nutrition can be very varied:

• Meat (low-fat varieties, boiled).
• Fish.
• Flour products, bread (exclude baked goods).
• Eggs (especially in omelettes or soufflés).
• Dairy and lactic acid products.
• Vegetables and fruits.
• Cereals.

The peculiarity of diets No. 4b and No. 4c is that they were developed taking into account the body receiving a sufficient amount of protein, and this stimulates reparative processes in the intestines.

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Diet for chronic intestinal colitis

Diet for intestinal colitis

General rules

Colitis is an inflammation of the colon mucosa. It can be an independent disease or part of a symptom complex when the small intestine (enterocolitis) and stomach (gastroenterocolitis) are additionally involved in the inflammatory process.

According to the course of the disease there are:

If acute develops as a result of eating food contaminated with microorganisms, then with pseudomembranous, which also occurs acutely, the cause is the use of medications (in particular, cephalosporin antibiotics, Clindamycin, Tetracycline and Erythromycin).

At the initial stage of acute colitis, general malaise, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and diarrhea appear. The pain is most often localized in the iliac regions. The stools are frequent, offensive, and at first fecal in nature, and then become scanty with mucus and blood. In the first days of the disease, you need to follow bed rest and diet in addition to drug treatment. Acute colitis does not cause gross morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa.

Chronic colitis is accompanied by inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the intestine and there is always a violation of its functions.

The causes of the chronic form of the disease are:

• previous intestinal infections;
• uncontrolled use of medications;
• constant endogenous intoxication;
• alcohol abuse;
• nutritional disorders (consumption of spicy and coarse, poorly digestible foods, monotonous, protein or carbohydrate nutrition).

The main symptoms of chronic colitis are alternating constipation with diarrhea or pasty stools, accompanied by pain that intensifies with defecation. The pain is aching or spastic in nature and is localized in the lower and lateral parts of the abdomen. Occurs most often 7 hours after eating; they typically decrease after the passage of gas. Many patients are bothered by nausea, bloating and belching.

If digestion is impaired, starch grains, neutral fat, and undigested muscle fibers are found in the feces. With a long course, chronic colitis is characterized by the progression of intestinal digestive disorders, which is accompanied by weight loss, the development of atrophy of fatty tissue and skeletal muscles, and an increase in protein and vitamin deficiency.

Treatment of the disease should be comprehensive, including anti-inflammatory drugs (Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine), enveloping and astringent drugs (for diarrhea), physiotherapeutic treatment (electrophoresis, diathermy, ozokerite, radon baths). A prerequisite is therapeutic nutrition.

For symptoms of colitis at different stages and for intestinal dysfunction, treatment with diet is prescribed differentially.

So, for acute colitis and for exacerbation of chronic colitis, occurring with diarrhea, Diet No. 4 is recommended. It involves the exclusion of foods that cause increased intestinal motility (vegetables, bran, fiber) and stimulate the secretion of the pancreas, stomach and bile secretion. All products that cause fermentation and rotting are also excluded.

If constipation predominates with colitis, Table No. 3 is prescribed, enriched with fiber (bran bread, vegetables, vinaigrettes, vegetable juices).

Diet No. 2 is indicated for chronic colitis (without exacerbation) and concomitant chronic gastritis with reduced secretion, therefore it includes dishes and products that stimulate secretion (fermented milk drinks, broths, juices, berries, vegetables and fried dishes without a rough crust).

Diet No. 4 for colitis with diarrhea provides intestinal sparing, reduces inflammation and normalizes digestion, because it limits all kinds of irritants (mechanical, chemical and thermal).

Basic Rules:

• six meals a day, the basis of which is pureed, slimy soups, pureed, mushy, semi-liquid dishes;
• reducing the amount of fat (up to 70 g) and carbohydrates (250 g);
• physiological protein content (90 g);
• exclusion of foods containing fiber (vegetables, fruits, rye bread, whole grain bread and bran);
• exclusion of very hot and cold foods;
• boiled (steam) method of preparation;
• prohibition on hard and thick foods;
• implementation of the water regime (1.5-2 l);
• salt in the amount of 8-10 g.

Diet for ulcerative colitis

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is an inflammation of the large intestine with the presence of ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane, necrosis and hemorrhage. Most often, the process is localized in the rectum and colon, and with severe damage, all parts of the colon are involved. The causes of the disease have not been established. It is assumed that the basis is immunological disorders and hereditary predisposition, and the predisposing factor is the presence of infection.

With nonspecific ulcerative colitis, the patient is bothered by diarrhea mixed with blood or pus. The frequency of bowel movements reaches 20 times a day or more (in severe cases). Often there is blood in the stool and blood loss of 100-300 ml is possible per day. UC is characterized by severe cramping pain that intensifies after eating.

In severe cases, intoxication syndrome is observed with weakness, fever, decreased appetite, and systemic manifestations are also characteristic (polyarthritis, eye and liver damage). In the chronic form of the course, dystrophic syndrome develops (dry skin, weight loss, hypovitaminosis).

With this disease, complete restoration of the mucous membrane and normalization of digestion and absorption do not occur for a long time. And only strict adherence to dietary nutrition and medications create the conditions for achieving remission. In this case, Table No. 4 and its varieties are assigned depending on the stage of the process.

Rice porridge with fruits

During an exacerbation, the diet includes liquid and pureed porridge (rice, semolina) in water (milk and broths are excluded). Buckwheat porridge enhances motor skills, so it is not recommended during an exacerbation. It is convenient to use porridge for baby food, but it needs to be diluted by half with water.

Includes dishes from lean meat and fish (in the form of boiled minced meat, dumplings, steamed cutlets, pates). Protein omelettes made from eggs are useful (no more than two per day). During an exacerbation, the amount of protein in the diet should be increased to 120-125 g.

Drinks include herbal decoctions, compotes and jelly, chokeberry juice. Baked apples and pears are allowed. Particular attention should be paid to products that reduce intestinal motility - decoctions and jelly from bird cherry, blueberry, quince, dogwood, pear, strong black and green tea. During an exacerbation, some patients do not tolerate even boiled vegetables well, so it is better to exclude them. Consumption of milk, fermented milk products, sour cream, cheeses and cottage cheese is also not recommended.

For a month after an exacerbation, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the diet; subsequently, it is recommended to switch to Table 4B and 4B and the general table with the restriction of certain foods for health reasons. After an exacerbation, foods that promote hematopoiesis are introduced into the diet, red and black caviar, walnuts, and meat broths are gradually added. During the period of stable remission, the consumption of vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, zucchini, onions) is allowed.

Varieties

The varieties are Diets 4A, 4B, 4B, differing in the set of products and indications for use.

Thus, Table 4A is recommended for colitis with a predominance of fermentation processes, therefore carbohydrates are strictly limited in the diet (sugar up to 20 g, cereals, bread up to 100 g). Diet No. 4A for chronic colitis involves increasing protein intake through cottage cheese and meat dishes. Otherwise, it is not much different from the main diet and includes: one soft-boiled egg daily, slimy soups, pureed rice and semolina porridge, boiled meat and fish, low-fat kefir, decoction of blueberries and black currants, jelly and jelly from these berries.

Table 4B is prescribed for chronic colitis during the period of improvement (phase of fading exacerbation) or for mild exacerbation. The diet is characterized by a large amount of proteins (100-110 g), an increase in fats (up to 100 g) and carbohydrates (up to 400-420 g). The diet remains the same as with the main diet, but the list of permitted foods has been significantly expanded by including noodles, potatoes, noodles, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, cream, sour cream, kefir, and sweet berries in the diet.

Table 4B is indicated during the period of recovery from acute colitis and the transition to normal nutrition. It is also prescribed for chronic intestinal diseases outside of an exacerbation or during the period of attenuation of an exacerbation. The chemical composition is the same as that of the previous table, but vegetable fats are already included and the list of products is expanding: pies, cabbage, savory buns, green peas, doctor's sausage, milk, ham, beets, oranges, grapes, watermelon, raspberries, tangerines, strawberries, increased the amount of butter to 15 g.

Indications

The diet is indicated for diarrhea that occurs with:

• acute colitis;
• enterocolitis;
• severe exacerbation of chronic colitis.

Authorized Products

The diet is based on pureed porridges: semolina, rice (white), buckwheat and oatmeal, which are cooked in water; you can also use low-fat broth. All dishes are boiled or stewed. Butter is added to dishes (5 g per serving). Wheat bread is allowed and only dried or in the form of crackers. You can eat 200 g of crackers per day. Dry cookies are allowed.

Soups are prepared with water or low-fat and weak fish/meat broth, adding a minimum of pureed vegetables (or vegetable broth), pureed meat, egg flakes, quenelles or meatballs. It is recommended to consume lean varieties of beef, chicken, veal or turkey. The meat is additionally degreased, and the poultry is cooked without skin. Steam cutlets or meatballs are prepared from minced meat.

Cutlets can also be stewed in a small amount of water. When preparing cutlets or meatballs, boiled rice is added to the minced meat. Use low-fat sea fish, prepare it in pieces or in the form of cutlets and meatballs. Up to two eggs per day (soft-boiled, steam omelet) are allowed; they can be added to soups.

Cottage cheese can only be freshly prepared, calcined, unleavened (non-acidic) and pureed. It is also used in casseroles. Vegetables are used only as an additive to soups. Mashed raw apples and applesauce are allowed. Berry jelly, decoctions and fruit drinks are prepared from blueberries, dogwood, quince, bird cherry, black currant, and blueberry pears. Allowed: herbal tea, rosehip decoction, green and black tea, still water up to 1.5 liters per day. If well tolerated, diluted fresh juices from non-acidic berries are allowed.

Table of permitted products

In therapeutic nutrition, foods containing fiber are completely excluded: vegetables (even boiled), bran, rye and whole grain, bread with added seeds, since they injure the mucous membrane and are almost not digested.

Fresh bread, pastries, and flour products cause fermentation in the intestines, so they are completely excluded from the diet. For the same reason, jam, dried fruits, honey and other sweets are prohibited, and sugar is allowed in the amount of 50 g per day, including its addition to dishes.

Rich fatty broths are prohibited, as they increase peristalsis, fatty meats, any sausages, fatty fish and canned food (meat, fish). During the period of exacerbation, porridges made from coarse cereals (barley, millet, pearl barley) and poorly digestible legumes and pasta are excluded. Soups with whole grains, vegetables, pasta, and milk soups are not allowed. Hard-boiled and fried eggs should not be consumed.

Whole milk, cream and sour cream can cause diarrhea, so they are excluded. Milk is used in diluted form in the preparation of puddings. Kvass, cocoa and coffee with milk increase intestinal motility, and drinks with gas additionally cause bloating.

Table of prohibited products

* data is per 100 g of product

It is necessary to organize 6 meals a day and so that the food menu for the week includes alternating a variety of protein dishes (chicken, fish, beef, cottage cheese) and cereals. You can include egg dishes daily.

It must be remembered that with ulcerative colitis, the diet must be followed for a long time and new foods must be introduced very carefully. It is advisable to permanently exclude mushrooms, corn, legumes, seeds, poppy seeds and nuts, and give up hard meat.

When the process subsides, you can add pureed vegetables with low fiber content (pumpkin, zucchini, potatoes). If you are intolerant to dairy products, you can get calcium by introducing calcined cottage cheese from soy milk and broccoli dishes into your diet. The required amount of protein is calculated based on 1.5–2 g per kilogram of weight. During the day, 200 g of dried wheat bread is allowed.

Below is a sample menu for several days.

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Recipes

First meal

Meat broth with egg flakes

Weak beef broth, egg, butter.

Add salt to the broth, bring to a boil, add butter. Through a colander, add a well-beaten egg into the broth and stir quickly.

Poultry puree soup with rice

Chicken meat, rice, water, butter, crackers.

Boil the rice well and puree. Also puree the pulp of boiled chicken or beat it in a blender. Combine the rice water with the pureed meat, add salt and oil, and boil everything together.

Second courses

Meat meatballs with rice

Beef, rice, salt.

Add boiled and grated rice to the prepared minced beef, add salt and beat. Cut the mixture into balls and cook in a double boiler.

Boiled cod with Polish sauce

Cod, for sauce - fish broth, flour, salt, egg.

Cut the fish into portions and boil in salted water. Dry the flour in a frying pan without oil, add fish broth, add salt and boil for 3-5 minutes. Add chopped or grated boiled egg. When serving, pour the sauce over a portion of cod.

Beverages

Blueberry jelly

Blueberries, sugar, potato starch, water.

Sort the blueberries, puree and squeeze out the juice. Pour water over the pulp and boil for 10 minutes. Strain the finished broth and add sugar, boil and gradually pour in some of the juice with starch. Stirring, bring to a boil and add the rest of the juice at the end.

Advantages and disadvantages

Reviews and results

Analyzing patient reviews, we can conclude that this therapeutic diet has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract: pain and stool frequency are reduced, bloating and rumbling in the intestines are eliminated. Most often there are reviews from patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis, who are forced to constantly follow a very strict diet and expand it slightly if their health condition allows.

Here are some reviews:

• “... I am suffering from UC. For me, this is a way out, so I’ve been eating this way for several months. I cook everything in a slow cooker, and have already adapted to making many dishes. During this time, the stool almost returned to normal, the blood and mucus had long since disappeared. When the condition improves, I slightly increase the amount of sugar and vegetable oil, and add pureed boiled vegetables”;
• “... For chronic colitis during exacerbation, I adhere to this diet. The truth is that it doesn’t last long for me - three or four weeks, but even during this time I restore my intestines: there is no pain or bloating, heartburn disappears. At this time, the whole family eats steamed and stewed dishes, but they quickly get bored”;
• “... I prepared steamed dishes for a child with an intestinal disorder. She gave decoctions of blueberries and dried pears. I drank jelly with pleasure and ate crackers. The main thing is to eat little and often so that there is no deterioration. After two days, the stool returned to normal and the mucus disappeared.”

Diet price

The basis of therapeutic nutrition is cereals and meat products, among which you can choose inexpensive fish, chicken, and in general the food will not be expensive. The total cost of weekly food is 1200-1300 rubles.

NOTE! The information about diets on the site is for reference and general information, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision about their use. Before using the diet, be sure to consult a dietitian.

medside.ru

The basis of treatment for intestinal colitis is diet! Nutrition for intestinal colitis: list of products and sample menu for 7 days

Intestinal colitis is a disease that causes a lot of inconvenience and discomfort.

It manifests itself as an inflammatory process that occurs in the intestines and affects the mucous membrane.

Doctors divide this disease into two forms, acute and chronic. Colitis is treated comprehensively using medications and special nutrition.

A diet for intestinal colitis is prescribed by a doctor and promotes rapid recovery.

When is it necessary to switch to special nutrition?

The diet is prescribed when a person is diagnosed with intestinal colitis. You can determine it yourself and consult a doctor to clarify the disease and undergo the necessary examinations and tests.

Colitis can be recognized by the following symptoms:

Frequent rumbling in the abdomen;

Painful sensations;

Increased gas formation;

Abnormal stool;

Feeling weak and tired;

In rare cases, a slight increase in body temperature may occur.

Colitis attacks occur abruptly and can last from three to ten days. When it appears, the person feels severe pain in the abdomen. In this case, you need to consult a doctor. He will prescribe the necessary treatment and prescribe a diet that suits you.

Basic principles of dietary nutrition

There are two types of diet. They depend on the form of the disease. If the forms alternate periodically, then the nutrition will also change.

A diet for intestinal colitis excludes the consumption of foods that can provoke fermentation and putrefactive processes during digestion. Calorie intake is also limited; there should be no more than 2000 kcal per day.

Diet for acute intestinal colitis

When the disease worsens, you can only eat a limited number of foods. In the first days, it is not advisable for the patient to eat and only liquids can be consumed. This helps cleanse the intestines. Then the doctor gradually begins to introduce light foods.

These include:

Boiled eggs;

Vegetable soups with the addition of lean meat;

Low-fat fish;

Compotes from berries and fruits;

Weak tea.

Dishes can be prepared from boiled, stewed and steamed products. Do not use seasonings or spices.

The duration of the diet will be prescribed by the doctor.

Diet for chronic intestinal colitis

For chronic colitis, you can consume all foods from the permitted list. You can add lightly salted lean fish, oranges, tangerines and grapefruits to them. Drink low-fat milk and kefir, compotes from berries, fruits and fruits, as well as natural juices more often.

Food should be varied. You need to eat at least five times a day. Products can be boiled, baked and stewed.

Products allowed

The disease is always accompanied by problems with stool. Nutrition depends on the type of stool the patient has. For constipation or diarrhea, various products are used that promote rapid normalization.

For constipation, the following are allowed:

Soup made without meat using vegetables;

Broth prepared with lean meat without oil;

Lean meat, boiled or steamed;

Soups from lean fish (sea, river);

Low-fat fish, baked in the oven without oil or boiled;

Pearl barley;

Fresh carrots;

Fresh tomato;

Fresh leaf lettuce;

Boiled beets;

Steamed and boiled pumpkin;

Boiled zucchini;

Boiled cauliflower;

Boiled beans and peas;

Boiled sorrel;

Fresh or baked apples;

Dried fruits (prunes, raisins, figs, dried apricots);

Dairy drinks and milk;

Oil (vegetable, butter);

Fresh and dried greens (dill, parsley, bay leaf);

Celery;

Sugar and its substitutes;

Jam and honey;

Wheat and rye bread;

Cookie;

Pies with dried fruits, meat, berries and cottage cheese.

If you have diarrhea, you can eat the following foods:

Soup cooked in broth from lean meats;

Rice water;

Soup made from fruits;

Boiled beef or veal;

Chicken breast or chicken, steamed or boiled;

Low-fat boiled fish;

Pasta or vermicelli cooked in broth without fat;

Fresh cottage cheese;

Butter (no more than 50 grams);

Rusks, from white breads, soaked in water;

Boiled egg (no more than 1 per day).

These products should be consumed for intestinal colitis. When the stool returns to normal, it is necessary to follow a dietary diet for several days, and then you can expand the diet with foods that the doctor allows.

Prohibited products

The diet for intestinal colitis should be followed without deviations. During such a diet, it is prohibited to consume certain foods. They can provoke a worsening of the condition and cause complications.

For constipation, the following foods are prohibited:

Strong and fatty broths;

Soup made with noodles or other pasta;

Soups and broths prepared with the addition of mushrooms;

Fried meat and fish;

Lamb, pork or fatty beef in any form;

Pasta;

Mushrooms in any form;

Wheat bread made from premium flour;

Hot sauces and spices;

Mustard;

Red and black pepper;

Radish green and white;

The tea is strong;

Chocolate.

The following foods are prohibited for diarrhea:

Soup made from peas;

Soup prepared with the addition of beans and other legumes;

Side dishes of peas, beans or beans;

Spicy foods;

Candies (chocolate, caramel);

Marmalade;

Cakes (any);

Cakes (any);

Sugar (more than 45 grams in 24 hours).

A diet for intestinal colitis does not imply the consumption of fatty, fried and smoked foods, as well as salty and spicy foods. Their use in a disease negatively affects its course.

Sample menu for 7 days

A diet for intestinal colitis should consist only of approved foods. Meals should be frequent (about 6 times a day), but small. Dishes should not be hot or cold. Boiled, pureed foods are best suited for consumption.

For breakfast: cabbage salad (cauliflower) with the addition of walnuts (grated), buckwheat. It can be seasoned with butter (natural). Berry decoction.

Snack: You can eat a pureed apple.

For lunch: Lean beef, boiled with carrots and vegetable broth. Fruit compote without sugar.

Snack: Dried fruits, soaked in water and pureed until smooth.

For dinner: Low-fat fish, boiled and chopped.

For breakfast: Boiled vegetables and fresh cottage cheese casserole with sugar-free berry compote.

Snack: Baked pear, sprinkled with powder (sugar).

For lunch: Soup with pearl barley and cabbage rolls made from boiled rice wrapped in steamed white cabbage leaves.

Snack: Carrot salad (fresh), dressed with freshly squeezed lemon juice.

For dinner: Boiled low-fat fish with rosehip broth.

For breakfast: Boiled beef salad with cucumbers (fresh). Scrambled eggs from one egg with a decoction of dried fruits.

Snack: Vegetable salad (fresh).

For lunch: Cabbage soup with boiled lean beef and tomatoes. Rosehip decoction.

Snack: Dried fruits soaked in water without prunes.

For dinner: Steamed chicken cutlets with stewed mixed vegetables. Weak tea.

For breakfast: Salad of tomatoes and cucumbers (fresh) with the addition of onions without dressing. Rice porridge boiled in water.

Snack: Fresh pureed pear.

For lunch: Broth cooked with vegetables, steamed lean meat cutlets and mashed cauliflower.

Snack: Fresh, low-fat cottage cheese.

For dinner: Fruits (apples or pears).

For breakfast: Cutlets from low-fat fish, steamed with a salad of mixed vegetables. Berry compote without added sugar.

Snack: Lenten cookies with weak tea.

For lunch: Vegetable soup and chicken breast.

Snack: Dried fruits soaked in water.

For dinner: Cottage cheese casserole with raisins.

For breakfast: Oatmeal cooked in water with steamed low-fat fish cutlets. Rosehip decoction.

Snack: Chopped, fresh apple or pear.

For lunch: Lean boiled beef with mixed vegetables. Fresh cottage cheese casserole and one glass of low-fat kefir.

Snack: Fresh apple salad dressed with lemon juice.

For dinner: Steamed chicken cutlets with low-fat kefir.

For breakfast: Low-fat fish, chopped and seasoned with lemon juice, mashed potatoes and weak tea.

Snack: Fresh apple salad.

For lunch: Cabbage soup with weak meat broth, cottage cheese casserole with berries.

Snack: Boiled vegetables.

For dinner: Cutlets or meatballs made from beef in water with baked vegetables and tea (weak).

Two hours before bedtime, you are allowed to drink one glass of kefir with a fat content of no more than 2.0% or weak, sweetened tea. Dishes can be prepared only from approved products using boiling, stewing or baking methods.

Intestinal colitis causes a person a lot of discomfort and discomfort. This disease must be treated under the supervision of a doctor and follow all his recommendations. A diet for intestinal colitis will help you recover faster and subsequently avoid recurrence of the disease.

zhenskoe-mnenie.ru

Nutrition for chronic intestinal colitis

Diet for intestinal colitis (chronic) is the most important element of complex therapy. Without optimizing your diet and regimen, no drug can provide real help in the fight against this scourge. Nutrition should be optimal with sufficient energy value, but not contain components that provoke an exacerbation. It is better to leave the choice of dietary table to a specialist, because... self-medication is unlikely to bring the desired results.

Features of the problem

At its core, intestinal colitis is a gastroenterological pathology that manifests itself as an inflammatory reaction, most often in the colon. In some cases, the process can develop in the small intestine. It is generally accepted that the mechanism of the disease is associated with an imbalance of intestinal microflora, in which the number of pathogenic microorganisms increases, which causes a response from the immune system that develops into an inflammatory process.

The chronic form of colitis expresses disorders in the intestinal mucosa of an inflammatory-dystrophic nature, leading to dysfunction of the large intestine. Chronic colitis can be a continuation of an untreated acute form of the disease or an independent pathology. In the latter case, poor nutrition plays a decisive role. In general, this type of disease is caused by a periodic change in phases of exacerbation and calming, while the acute period can occur up to 5-6 times a year.

The treatment regimen for the disease and, accordingly, the choice of diet depends on the type of colitis developing. The following types of pathology are distinguished: ulcerative (mild, moderate and severe); spastic (does not have a severe stage); catarrhal (estimated as the initial stage of the disease); atrophic; erosive and diffuse (the most severe form) colitis.

Any type of disease is associated with dysbiosis, accompanied by fermentation and the process of decay. The main signs of colitis are pain in the abdomen, flatulence, and abnormal stool. The last symptom in the form of alternating intense diarrhea and severe constipation is most pronounced in the chronic course of the pathology. Nutrition largely determines the appearance of acute phases and problems with bowel movements.

A principled approach to nutrition

The organization of a balanced diet for a chronic type of disease depends on its phase, type of lesion, severity of manifestation and individual characteristics. First of all, nutrition depends on the phase of the disease. During the period of remission, it should have sufficient calorie content, but not contribute to an exacerbation. At this time, certain restrictions are placed on the consumption of certain foods, but in general, nutritious food is provided. The fact is that with colitis, the process of absorption of substances is not disrupted, which means that excessive restrictions can only harm the body.

In the acute phase, nutrition is based on a more restrictive diet. Table No. 4 and its variations are usually recommended, depending on the presence of intestinal dysfunction.

The eating regimen and diet for colitis is based on certain fundamental approaches. It is necessary to eat often (more than 5 times a day), but in small fractional doses. In general, during the period of calm, the diet should fully meet all of a person’s energy needs, while reducing salt intake. The qualitative composition of the daily diet looks approximately like this - protein component and fats - 110-125 g each; carbohydrates - 450-550 g. Among the required ingredients are vitamins A, B1, B2, C and PP, as well as microelements - calcium, iron, phosphorus.

The main requirements for organizing lunches are that food should not cause irritating reactions on the intestinal mucosa and nervous digestive receptors; increase intestinal motility; provoke fermentation and putrefactive effects. For this purpose, cooking methods such as boiling, stewing, baking and steaming are used. It is advisable to use crushed products. We must remember that excessively hard products cause harm.

Fiber plays a significant role in a nutritious diet. Insoluble fiber has been found to be harmful. It appears in products such as pasta and whole grain products, cereal flakes, sweet corn, cabbage, grape and apple peels. These products can cause exacerbation attacks. At the same time, soluble fiber is necessary for the body (especially with ulcerative types of pathology and constipation). It can be found in vegetable and fruit fruits - carrots, potatoes, peeled apples, rice cereals, oat products.

In the chronic form of the disease, there are a number of specific nutritional approaches. In particular, it is strongly recommended to include products with fish oil and fatty sea fish in the menu. In the absence of such products, fish oil should be consumed in pharmacy packaging. You need to be careful when consuming milk and products made from it. In some types of colitis, dairy products are included in the prohibited list, while in other cases they are allowed, but with certain restrictions.

Specific foods for constipation

A characteristic bowel disorder in colitis is constipation. During this period, a specific diet option is required. It should ensure a reduced tone of the colon, which is achieved by consuming products enriched with plant fiber. A positive result is achieved by including ingredients such as lignin, pectin, and cellulose in their composition.

Bread products made from low-grade flour and containing grain bran, as well as black bread, have laxative properties. Raw vegetables and fruits can normalize intestinal peristalsis, and special attention should be paid to beets, carrots, pumpkin, lettuce, zucchini, and Jerusalem artichoke. Bananas, figs, prunes, citrus fruits, and nuts are very useful. Some of the best natural laxatives are viburnum berries, blackberries, black currants, as well as dried apricots and dates.

A number of products are simply necessary in the diet menu for constipation, but individual tolerance must be taken into account. These include honey, fruit juices, lemonade and kvass drinks, garden herbs (dill, parsley, celery), cinnamon, and herring. Carrot-beet juice has a positive effect. You can drink it in the morning and evening, 60-75 ml. If the period of constipation lasts long enough, then the following dietary measures can be recommended: in the morning (on an empty stomach) it is useful to drink 200 ml of plain water with the addition of lemon and a teaspoon of sugar; eat beetroot salad flavored with dill, parsley and sunflower oil. You should try the cabbage-carrot mixture with sour cream.

Features of the antidiarrheal diet

Diarrhea, as a symptom of colitis, is largely caused by food intake. Dietary specifics are based on dishes made from boiled and steamed foods. Limited consumption of casseroles made from meat, fish and vegetables is allowed. Soups will have to be prepared using lean meats and fish, and the grains should be well boiled. You can eat crackers and dried cookies. Instead of cereal dishes, potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, and cauliflower are better suited. Among meat products, preference is given to chicken, rabbit, veal, and turkey.

Culinary technologies include steamed cutlets and meatballs, souffles, long-cooked meat and fish, thin purees, and puddings. Dietary porridges will have to be prepared in water, followed by flavoring with oil (4-7 g per dose). Eggs are soft-boiled or baked as an omelet. Feel free to include freshly prepared low-fat cottage cheese and dumplings in your menu; fruit and berry jelly; marmalade products; marshmallows Rosehip broth, apple and pear casseroles will undoubtedly benefit.

In case of disturbances in the form of diarrhea, fresh bread of any composition is removed from the diet; muffins; milk soups and porridges; beans; cabbage soup and pickle; smoked meats; preservatives; goose and duck; cabbage; onion; radish; garlic; plums You should not drink kvass or drinks with gas. The duration of the antidiarrheal diet is usually set at about 30-35 days.

Specifics of food during the acute period

The period of calm during the chronic course is replaced by the acute phase, which is provoked by a number of factors, including and the wrong food. In the acute phase, nutrition is based on table No. 4, which has certain prohibitions in cooking.

The diet should include dishes of a liquid consistency, in a liquefied, pureed state, boiled in water or treated with steam. Consumption of bread made from high-quality white flour is allowed, but in small doses. Soups are cooked in the most fat-free broth, which is supplemented with cereal broth, ground boiled meat, egg powder, and steamed meatballs. Meat is consumed only of lean varieties with the tendons removed. It is recommended to eat finely ground minced meat with boiled rice, which can replace bread.

Fish products are consumed only of low-fat species (cutlets and meatballs). It is better to remove most dairy products from your diet. Consumption of unleavened cottage cheese and steam soufflé is allowed. Any porridge (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat) can only be prepared using a water base. Cold appetizers should be temporarily excluded from the menu, and vegetables should be consumed only in the form of decoctions. Desserts allowed include jelly, jelly, pureed fruit, honey, jam, and dried fruit. It is recommended to wash down your food with green tea or cocoa without using milk (including condensed milk).

If colitis is associated with an intense fermentation process, then a more strict diet No. 4a is prescribed. The energy content of the daily diet should be approximately 1550-1700 kcal. At the same time, such high-quality consumption is established - fats - up to 105 g, proteins - about 125 g, carbohydrates - 210 g. All products must be easily digestible and not cause gas formation in the intestines. It is recommended to include in the menu - low-fat cottage cheese, meat and fish soufflé, omelet or soft-boiled egg, compote of bird cherry fruits, rice and buckwheat broth, low-fat meat and fish broths, weakly brewed tea.

Possible contraindications

When ensuring optimal nutrition, it is especially important to avoid foods that cause acute symptoms from entering the intestines. Taking this condition into account, the following prohibitive list has been compiled:

1. Meat products – varieties with high fat content, goose and duck.
2. Special preparations – smoking, preservatives, salted and dried products.
3. Soup dishes - rich broths, cabbage soup, pickle soup, mushroom, pea, bean, lentil soups.
4. Dairy products – whole milk, products with high fat content or acidity, spicy varieties of products.
5. Animal fats.
6. Vegetable products - turnips, cucumbers, radishes, onions, garlic, rutabaga, sorrel, spinach. Legumes.
7. Fruits - plums, apricots, fruit and berry skins.
8. Dishes with spicy seasonings and sauces, using horseradish, mustard, hot pepper. High fat sauces.
9. Bakery products – fresh bread from any flour, pastry products.

Colitis in chronic form during the period of remission practically does not bother the sick person, which means it is important to prevent its aggravation. Using the right dietary intake can solve this problem and significantly reduce the frequency of acute relapses of the disease.

medistoriya.ru

Diet for chronic colitis | What can you eat if you have chronic colitis?

To treat a chronic type of disease, you must follow a special diet. Let's talk about what the diet should be for chronic colitis. Read further in the article about what you can eat if you have this disease.

Principles of diet for chronic colitis

Patients with chronic colitis are offered lean varieties of beef, veal, and rabbit meat without tendons. Meat can be stewed, boiled in water and steamed, baked (chopped or in pieces). Also recommended in the diet for chronic colitis are turkey, chicken (without skin) in the form of boiled meat, goulash, cutlets, meatballs, meatballs, quenelles, rolls, etc. Sausages and boiled tongue are not excluded from the diet. Among the fish varieties suitable for the diet, cod, pike perch, perch, navaga, hake, ice fish, pike, carp, etc. Fish can be eaten in the form of cutlets, soufflés, meatballs, quenelles or in pieces. It can be boiled, steamed, or aspic.

For soups, choose weak, low-fat broths (meat, meat and bone, fish). After cooking, fat is removed from their surface, filtered, diluted with water in a 2:1 ratio and brought to a boil. Broths are seasoned with cereals (except for millet) and vegetables: potatoes, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, pumpkin. Vermicelli and noodles are also used to season the diet for chronic colitis. Meatballs and dumplings are added to soups.

The diet includes various crumbly porridges (except millet and pearl barley). They are prepared in water with the addition of a third of milk or 10% cream.

Whole milk in the diet for chronic colitis is indicated only if it is well tolerated and always in dishes. Dairy products you can eat for chronic colitis include fermented baked milk, kefir, acidophilus, as well as fresh cottage cheese and curd mass, cheesecakes, steamed or baked puddings, mild cheese. Sour cream can be used as a seasoning for dishes. Butter in the diet for chronic colitis - in a sandwich and in dishes no more than 6-15 g per serving.

You can eat 1-2 eggs per day, steam omelet.

The diet includes fruits (raw and baked). These are apples, pears (without skin), oranges and tangerines. Berries: strawberries, wild strawberries, raspberries, grapes (without peel). Good fruit and berry juices (apple, tangerine, raspberry, strawberry, tomato), rosehip decoction.

Diet for chronic colitis. The drinks chosen for the diet include weak tea, coffee, and cocoa. Before going to bed, a glass of kefir is relevant.

Bakery products are represented in the diet for chronic colitis with wheat bread (day-old baked or dried), uneaten varieties of cookies, and crackers. In limited quantities, you can eat pies with cottage cheese, apples, jam, jam, eggs, and meat.

Nutritional norms in the diet for chronic colitis

The diet for chronic colitis helps to ensure adequate nutrition in case of existing intestinal dysfunction. In terms of the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, it is considered complete (but with a limit of table salt to the lower limits of the norm). Proteins – 100–120 g, fats – 100–120 g, carbohydrates – 400–500 g. Vitamins A, B1, B2, C and PP are recommended; minerals include calcium, phosphorus, and iron.

The diet does not contain foods and dishes that can irritate the mucous membrane and the neuroreceptor apparatus of the digestive organs, enhance motor function, and the processes of fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines.

Food in the diet for chronic colitis should be boiled, steamed, fried without breading, stewed or baked from uncrushed foods. Small meals, at least 4-5 times a day.

To determine the optimal diet of foods, it is necessary to establish the cause of the disease. According to many experts, a too strict diet regimen is harmful, as it can lead to exhaustion and the occurrence of hypovitaminosis. During periods of exacerbation of intestinal colitis symptoms, it is especially important to exclude foods that can cause chemical and mechanical irritation of the intestines.

Sample menu for chronic colitis

• 1st breakfast: rice porridge with milk, protein omelette, tea with milk, crackers.
• 2nd breakfast: low-fat cheese, crackers, tea.
• Lunch in a diet for chronic colitis: noodles in chicken broth, boiled meat with carrot puree, apple compote.
• Afternoon snack: rosehip decoction.
• Dinner in a diet for chronic colitis: boiled chicken with potato cutlets, blueberry juice.
• At night: a glass of kefir, crackers.

What should you not eat if you have chronic colitis?

Forbidden:

fatty meats, goose, duck.

Smoked sausages, canned food; fatty salted and smoked fish.

Strong fatty broths, borscht, pickles, cabbage soup, soups made from legumes and mushrooms, as well as dairy products should not be eaten if you have chronic colitis.

Fried and hard-boiled eggs.

Fatty dairy products with high acidity, sharp cheeses.

Refractory fats: lamb, beef, pork and cooking fats should not be eaten if you have chronic colitis.

Vegetables: rutabaga, turnips, cucumbers, sorrel, spinach, radishes, radishes, onions, garlic, mushrooms, legumes.

From fruits - apricots, plums, dates, figs, berries with rough skin. Juices include apricot, plum and grape.

Pepper, horseradish, upper room, fatty and hot sauces.

Rye and fresh wheat bread, butter and puff pastry products should not be eaten if you have chronic colitis.

It is also necessary to limit the consumption of coarse fiber, whole milk, spicy foods, snacks and spices.

What can you eat during the acute stage of chronic colitis?

If there is an exacerbation of the disease, then a person should eat up to six times a day in small portions. It is best to eat food in pureed form.

If you have chronic intestinal colitis, you should not eat smoked, salty or preserved foods.

Alcohol is excluded from the diet for chronic colitis.

White crackers are welcome for any type of intestinal colitis.

It is better to steam meat and fish dishes, choosing low-fat products.

If you have chronic intestinal colitis, you should not eat foods that lead to increased gas formation (beans, peas, cabbage).

You can eat fermented milk products and boiled vegetables in your diet for chronic colitis.

If constipation occurs, it is necessary to increase the amount of vegetables in the diet, salads, and fruits. You should try to drink more fluid (up to two liters per day).

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