Algorithm for removing a venous catheter. Removing a catheter at home How to remove a catheter from a bladder

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1. Indications:
a. infected catheter.
b. Unrecoverable thrombosed catheter.
c. End of therapy.

2. Contraindications:
a. Increased bleeding (prothrombin index > 1.3).
b. The need for continued treatment.

3. Anesthesia: Local, 1% lidocaine.

4. Equipment:
a. Antiseptic solution of betadine.
b. Sterile wipes.
c. Sterile instruments.
d. Hemostatic clamps.
e. Bladed scalpel.
f. Needle holder.
g. Suture material (nylon 4-0).

5. Position:
Lying on your back.

6. Methodology:
a. Apply antiseptic to the catheter and the skin where the Hickman catheter exits.
b. Inject the anesthetic intradermally and infiltrate the tissues along the catheter up to and including the cuff.
c. Gently pull the Hickman catheter towards you. Sometimes this is enough to remove the cuff from the surrounding fibrous tissue.
d. When the cuff appears in the area of the skin incision, insert a hemostatic forceps to separate the fibrous tissue (Fig. 2.15).

Rice. 2.15

e. If necessary, widen the skin incision. Use the scalpel, being careful not to damage the catheter. If necessary, make an incision just above the cuff, then peel the tissue with a forceps to release the cuff.
f. When the cuff is free of fibrous tissue, pull the catheter out gently and without jerking.

G. Apply pressure to the subclavian or internal jugular area as soon as the catheter leaves the vein, h. If the skin wound is large, apply several stitches.
i. Apply a sterile dressing to the wound.

7. Complications and their elimination:
a. Air embolism
. Unlikely when a tunneled catheter is removed.
. In unstable hemodynamics (cardiac arrest), start resuscitation and call a thoracic
. cal surgeon for consultation.
. If hemodynamically stable, place the patient on the left side and in the Trendelenburg position to ensure that air is trapped in the right ventricle.
. Take a series of chest x-rays.
. The air will eventually dissipate.

B. Bleeding
. Press with your finger for S min.

C. Damage to the catheter
. If it occurs externally, take precautions to prevent an air embolism by clamping the catheter proximal to the breakage site and proceed with catheter withdrawal as described above.
. If the catheter breaks under the skin and the end is stuck in the tunnel, perform x-ray guided surgery to remove the catheter.
. This is one of the most serious complications; To avoid this, do not pull too hard on the catheter or use sharp instruments to remove it from the tunnel.

Chen G., Sola H.E., Lillemo K.D.

Insertion of a urinary catheter- a procedure performed in a hospital by a nurse and urological doctors. Bladder catheterization in women, men and children is different, as are the devices themselves.

The placement of a urinary catheter can only be done in a hospital.

Indications for a urinary catheter

The installation of a urinary catheter is indicated in the following conditions:

Urinary retention due to infection and surgery.
Unconscious state of the patient with uncontrolled outflow of urine.
Acute inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs, requiring lavage and administration of drugs into the bladder.
Injury to the urethra, swelling, scars.
General anesthesia and postoperative period.
Spinal injuries, paralysis, temporary incapacity.
Severe circulatory disorders of the brain.
Tumors and cysts of the urinary organs.

Also, catheterization is carried out if it is necessary to take urine from the urinary bladder.

Types of catheters

The main type of device used in urology is the Foley catheter. It is used for urination, washing the urinary bladder for infections, to stop bleeding and injecting drugs into the genitourinary organs.

What this catheter looks like can be seen in the photo below.

Foley catheter comes in different sizes

There are the following subspecies of the Foley device:

Two-way. It has 2 holes: through one, urination and washing is performed, through the other, liquid is injected and pumped out of the balloon.
Three-way: in addition to standard moves, it is equipped with a channel for the introduction of medicinal preparations into the patient's urinary organs.
Foley-Timman: has a curved end, is used for prostate catheterization in men with a benign tumor of the organ.

A Foley catheter can be used for procedures on any urinary tract. Duration of operation depends on the material: devices are available in latex, silicone and silver-plated.

The following devices can also be used in urology:

Nelaton: straight, with a rounded end, consists of a polymer or rubber. It is used for short-term bladder catheterization in cases where the patient is unable to urinate on his own.
Timman (Mercier): silicone, elastic and soft, with a curved end. Used to drain urine in male patients suffering from prostate adenoma.
Pizzera: A rubber appliance with a bowl-shaped tip. Designed for continuous drainage of urine from the bladder through a cystostomy.
Ureteral: a long PVC tube 70 cm long placed with a cystoscope. It is used for catheterization of the ureter and renal pelvis, both for the outflow of urine and for the administration of drugs.

Nelaton's catheter is used for short-term bladder catheterization

All types of catheters are divided into male, female and children:

female - shorter, wider in diameter, straight shape;
male - longer, thinner, curved;
children - have a smaller length and diameter than adults.

The type of device installed depends on the duration of catheterization, sex, age and physical condition of the patient.

Types of catheterization

According to the duration of the procedure, catheterization is divided into long-term and short-term. In the first case, the catheter is installed on a permanent basis, in the second - for several hours or days in a hospital.

Depending on the organ undergoing the procedure, the following types of catheterization are distinguished:

urethral;
ureteral;
renal pelvis;
bladder.

Urethral catheter in men

Further instructions depend on how long the catheter is placed. For short-term use, after the outflow of urine or the introduction of drugs, the device is removed. With prolonged use, catheterization ends after insertion.

If the procedure was carried out correctly, there is no pain.

How is a catheter placed in children?

The general algorithm for installing a catheter for children does not differ from the adult instructions.

There are important features when performing the procedure in children:

The urethral catheter for children should have a small diameter so as not to damage the genitourinary organs of the child.
The device is placed on a full bladder. You can check the fullness of the organ using ultrasound.
Treatment with medicines and strong antibacterial compounds is prohibited.
Pushing the labia in girls should be done carefully so as not to damage the frenulum.
The introduction of the tube should be soft, slow, without force.
It is necessary to remove the catheter as soon as possible so as not to provoke inflammation.

The procedure in children, especially in infants, should be handled by a urologist with a pediatric education.

Caring for your urinary catheter

An indwelling urinary catheter must be carefully cared for to avoid urinary tract infection. The processing algorithm looks like this:

Lay the patient on his back, place an oilcloth or vessel under the buttocks. Drain the drain fluid and carefully remove the device.
Drain the urine from the drainage bag, rinse it with water, treat with an antiseptic: Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Dioxidine, boric acid solution.
Flush the catheter with a 50 or 100 mg syringe. Pour an antiseptic into it, and then rinse with running water.
In case of inflammatory processes of the urinary tract, treat the catheter with a solution of furacilin, diluting 1 tablet in a glass of hot water.

Miramistin - antiseptic for the treatment of the urinal

The urinal must be emptied 5-6 times a day, and washed with antiseptics at least 1 time per day. The catheter should be processed no more than 1-2 times a week.

In addition, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the patient's genitals.

How to change the catheter yourself at home?

Performing a catheter replacement at home is a dangerous procedure that can cause serious injury to the urinary organs. Self-administration of the procedure is only permissible for a soft urethral device, and with a serious need.

To replace the device, the old catheter must be removed:

Empty the urinal. Wash your hands with soap and put on gloves.
Lie in a horizontal position, bend and spread your legs to the sides.
Flush the tube of the device and genitals with an antiseptic or saline solution.
Locate the bottle opening of the device. This is the second hole not used for urine output and bladder lavage.
Empty the balloon with a 10 ml syringe. Insert it into the hole and pump out the water until the syringe is completely filled.
Gently pull the tube out of the urethra.

Correct position for catheter replacement

After removing the device, a new one is inserted into the urethra, according to the above instructions for representatives of different sexes.

The nurse should change the ureteral and renal pelvic catheters. The replacement and removal of the suprapubic (bladder) device is handled by the attending physician.

Possible complications after the procedure

Pathologies resulting from catheterization include:

damage and perforation of the urethral canal;
trauma to the urethral bladder;
urethral fever;
urinary tract infections.

Incorrect catheterization may cause inflammation of the urethra

You can avoid these complications if you use a soft catheter and carry out the procedure in medical institutions, with the help of a nurse or attending physician.

Bladder catheterization is used for stagnation of urine and infections of the genitourinary system. With a properly selected device and compliance with its setting, the procedure is unable to harm the patient and cause discomfort.

Moreover, to reduce the risk of injury to the walls of the urethra, they try to use catheters with a minimum diameter. A urinary catheter with a large diameter is used for long-term wear.

Today there are several varieties of urinary catheters. They can be rigid (for example, made of plastic or even metal alloys) or soft (made of latex, silicone, or rubber). Can vary in type: straight catheter, Foley catheter, catheter with a curved tip. Also, urinary catheters are divided into: temporary and permanent. A separate category is suprapubic catheters, which are inserted into the bladder not through the genitals, but directly through the abdominal wall.

Insertion of a urinary catheter

Let's make a reservation right away that only medical workers should put a urinary catheter, since this operation requires professional skills. Urinary catheters are used for both men and women. In the latter, catheterization often passes without unnecessary difficulties. After disinfecting the external genital organs, a catheter lubricated with glycerin is inserted into the urethral opening and gently advanced along the urethra. Urine begins to be excreted after the catheter enters the bladder. After placing the catheter, fix it and attach the urinal. Difficulties in placing a urinary catheter in women are usually associated with narrowing of the urethra during adhesions resulting from gynecological or urological diseases.

The placement of a urinary catheter in men is a more complex manipulation that requires knowledge and skills. The penis is fixed near the head, treated and the entrance to the urethra is opened. A urinary catheter lubricated with glycerin is inserted with the free hand. The process of advancing the catheter is combined with the displacement of the penis towards the catheter. During catheterization, the patient should be in a relaxed state and breathe deeply. If insertion is difficult, the catheter should not be inserted, as this threatens to damage the urethra. When urine appears, the catheter must be advanced to the level of the Y connector. After that, it is necessary to check if the catheter is in the bladder. To do this, you can flush the catheter with a small amount of sterile water. With proper placement of the urinary catheter, the injected fluid should return easily. After checking, fix the catheter and attach the urinal.

When placing an indwelling catheter, it is necessary to treat the exit site of the catheter with soap daily. To prevent leakage of urine into the bladder, place the urinal below the bladder, and do not forget to empty it as it fills up (about every 8 hours). Avoid contamination of the catheter outlet valve, do not touch it with dirty hands. If the outlet valve is dirty, wash it with soapy water. The urinal should also be disinfected. Why should it be disconnected from the catheter (temporarily placing another urinal to replace the previous one) and fill the urinal with a solution of vinegar and water (three parts water and two parts vinegar). In this solution, it should lie for about 20 minutes. Then open the outlet valve and hang the urinal until completely dry.

Removal of the urinary catheter

The catheter can be removed only with the permission of the doctor. Indwelling catheters are removed in two possible ways.

Attach a small syringe to the catheter opening, remove the liquid and slowly withdraw the catheter.
Cut off the catheter balloon filling tube above the main tube (note that you cannot cut the catheter elsewhere). Wait until the liquid has completely drained and slowly withdraw the catheter.

If you need to put a urinary catheter at home, invite our nurse by phone: , . You can find prices for this service here.

You need to start by providing lighting for the place of manipulation. Hands are washed and dried. A tourniquet of centimeters is applied above the catheterization zone and a vein is selected by palpation. Next, you need to choose the right size catheter, while taking into account the size of the vein, the rate of insertion and the schedule of intravenous injections. Then they treat their hands with an antiseptic and put on gloves. The catheterization site must also be treated with any disinfectant for seconds and allowed to dry. It is not necessary to palpate the vein again. Simply fixing it, a catheter of the selected diameter is taken and the protective cover is removed. If an additional plug is installed on it, then it is not thrown away, but held between the fingers of the free hand. The catheter is inserted on the needle at an angle of 15 degrees to the skin, while observing the indicator chamber. When blood appears in it, then you need to reduce the angle of the stylet needle and lead the needle into the vein by a few millimeters. Having fixed the stylet needle, slowly and completely move the camera from the needle into the vein and remove the tourniquet. Then you need to clamp the vein and finally remove the needle from the catheter. Dispose of the needle using safety rules. And finally, you need to remove the plug from the protective sheath and close the catheter, or insert the infusion set. Fix the catheter on the limb.

Wash your hands and urethral area. Open the catheter package 2-3 cm. Fill the catheter package with plain water up to the tip. The catheter must be in the water for at least 30 seconds. Attach the catheter with an adhesive circle to a flat surface. The catheter is stiffer in cold water and softer in warm water. For women: remove the catheter from the package. Part your labia and insert the catheter into your urethra with your other hand. For men: With one hand, lift the penis and straighten the urethra. Insert the catheter with the other hand, advance it 2 cm each time. Move it around until urine starts to flow. When the bladder is completely empty, slowly remove the catheter.

placement of a urinary catheter

Cotton swab and any oil for baby skin, soap, water.

In no case, do not peel off the patch if you experience severe pain, it is possible that the wound has not yet healed, and you risk damaging the skin again.

Tip 5: How to Use the Pezzer and Subclavian Catheters

How to remove the catheter

A urinary catheter, or Foley catheter, is a thin, flexible tube that allows urine to be drained from the bladder into a small pouch outside the body. Removing the catheter is fairly easy, but many people find it difficult to do it themselves. If you experience significant discomfort, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Steps Edit

Method 1 of 3:

How to remove a urinary catheter Edit

Method 2 of 3:

Checking the state of the body after removing the catheter Edit

Method 3 of 3:

When to remove the catheter

Warnings Edit

If you have a central or peripheral venous catheter, only a qualified person can remove it. Self-extraction can lead to serious consequences.
Call your doctor right away or go to the hospital emergency room if you experience any of the following symptoms: you feel the urge to urinate but cannot go to the toilet; you have severe back pain or swelling in the abdomen; you have a high temperature; you feel sick or vomit.

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urinary catheter

Currently, the urinary catheter is used to diagnose and treat some pathologies of the urinary system.

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The essence of such a procedure is the introduction of a special tube through the urethra or through the abdominal wall, which is used to transport drugs into the patient's body, wash the internal organ itself, or divert urine. However, it should be noted that in most cases, the introduction of a catheter into the bladder is introduced only in the absence of other methods of treatment or the detection of various pathologies. This is due to the presence of complications that periodically occur during this procedure.

Why put

Bladder catheterization is used as one of the diagnostic methods in the following situations:

Extraction of a urine sample and its subsequent study directly from the bladder itself. In most cases, the installation of a catheter is necessary in order to determine the type of microflora that is characteristic of this internal organ at a given time.
The study of the degree of patency of the channels through which urine exits the body.
Full monitoring of quantitative and organoleptic indicators of urine.
In addition, the placement of the catheter is also due to therapeutic reasons:
Delayed excretion of urine, which is typical for pathologies such as blockage in the urethra or in the tissues of the bladder itself, prostatic hypertrophy, or the presence of calculi.
Development of chronic obstruction caused by hydronephrosis.
The use of drugs that help moisturize the inner walls of the bladder.
Development of intermittent decompression of the neurogenic bladder.

It is not uncommon for a urinary catheter to be placed in patients who are in a coma or those people who have difficulty urinating naturally (it hurts to urinate).

The classification of catheters is carried out on the basis of several factors at once, ranging from the material of manufacture and ending with the number of channels necessary to achieve the set therapeutic or diagnostic task. In addition, such devices are usually divided into male and female. The latter, as a rule, are shorter - their length is 12-15 cm, and they are designed for a wide, straight urethra.

At the same time, catheters for the stronger half of humanity are about 30 cm long, which is caused by the peculiarities of the physiological structure: the urethra in men is narrower and more curved.

According to the material used in the manufacturing process, these medical devices can be:

Elastic (made of rubber).
Soft (made of latex fabrics or silicone).
Rigid (metal or plastic).
Based on the length of stay of the catheter in the patient's body, they can be:
Permanent (set for a long period).
Disposable.

By the name of the internal organ of introduction, such products are:

Urethral.
Ureteric.
Bladder stents.
Instruments for the renal pelvis.

By localization, catheters are usually divided into:

Internal, which are characterized by a complete location in the patient's body.
External, one end of which goes out.
Catheters according to the number of required channels are distinguished into:
Single-channel.
Dual channel.
Three-channel.

Drainage devices are also classified according to their design features:

Robinson's catheter, is a variant of the straight view. This device is used, as a rule, for short-term and uncomplicated sampling of human urine.

The Tiemann catheter has a rigid, curved tip that facilitates passage to the bladder. A similar catheter is used for pathologies such as urethral stenosis or complicated invasions.

The Pezzera catheter is used much less frequently than all other types of devices. Most often used for the purpose of cystostomy drainage.

A Foley catheter is a flexible device that has a special balloon that contains a sterile liquid.

Indwelling catheter

An indwelling soft urinary diversion catheter is a drainage tube that connects directly to a urinal. The latter can be of two types:

A large bag that is used exclusively for bedridden patients or at night.
A small bag that is attached to the patient's leg and is not visible to others under trousers or a skirt. Such a urinal is used throughout the day, and its contents are easily emptied in the restroom.

With the constant use of the catheter, personal hygiene plays a very important role. In order to prevent pathogens from getting inside the catheter or urethra, every day the patient needs to wash the external opening of the urethra with soap. If there is a feeling of discomfort or a feeling that the catheter channel is clogged, it must be replaced with a new one. In some cases, it is enough to flush the drainage tube with a special solution. Following this memo will help to avoid various complications, such as suppuration.

suprapubic catheter

A suprapubic bladder catheter is a flexible rubber tube that is inserted into an opening in the abdominal wall. The use of this design is caused by the presence of an infectious reaction, obstruction of injury caused by trauma or surgical interventions on the tissues of the bladder, which prevent the patient from completely emptying. Most often, a suprapubic catheter is used in case of a person suffering from pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, cystocele, prostate enlargement, or spinal cord disease. In some cases, this type of urinary diversion is established for a long period. Correctly insert or remove the catheter into the bladder, which goes through the stomach, can only be a doctor.

short term catheters

Placement of a soft catheter or a rigid urinary catheter can also be caused by a one-time outflow of fluid from the bladder.

Catheter Care

If a patient has had a drainage tube installed for a long period, it should be carefully looked after. The urinary catheter care algorithm consists of the following steps:

The skin surrounding the drainage tube should be washed regularly with soap and water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
After that, the already clean surface should be dried and the ointment recommended by the attending physician should be applied.
Every 6-8 hours the urine receiver must be emptied.
The valve and the inner cavity of the urinal must be regularly washed and treated with chlorine solutions.
After each emptying, the genitals should be thoroughly washed to prevent the development of infection.
The cavity of the drainage tube must be kept clean. If it is clogged with various inclusions - removal and cleaning or replacement immediately.
The replacement of the catheter is carried out exclusively under sterile conditions and, as a rule, by the attending physician.
Periodically, the bladder itself should be washed with an antiseptic or disinfectant solution.
And also the patient should constantly monitor the location of the urinal below the level of the penis, and also that the drainage tube does not bend or break.

This instruction has been compiled with only one purpose - to avoid undesirable consequences. These principles cannot be ignored.

Contraindications and complications

Placement of a catheter is contraindicated in the following situations:

in the presence of damage in the tissues of the lower urinary tract;
with injuries in the pelvic area, in which the use of a catheter can cause the formation of hematomas in the groin area;
with other injuries, for example, a fracture of the penis or a rupture of the urethral canal;
when a tumor or abscess of the prostate is detected;
with inflammation of the testicles and their appendages;
in the presence of acute inflammatory reactions in the patient's body.

Most often, the installation of a catheter does not cause difficulties, but there are still some complications. In most cases, patients experience the following problems:

perforation of the urethra;
hypotension;
paraphimosis;
development of cystitis, urethritis, carbunculosis and other inflammatory processes in the urinary system;
sepsis;
the appearance of blood clots in the urine;
tissue and skin injury.

It should be noted that it is necessary to get used to the installed catheter. At first, any patient, no matter whether it is a man or a woman, experiences a feeling of discomfort and a sensation of a foreign body in the body, however, in cases where the use of a catheter is necessary, you can not lose the quality of life even after installing this design. In this case, proper care and strict adherence to all the recommendations of the attending physician are of great importance.

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Urinary catheters

A urinary catheter is a tube system placed in the body to drain and collect urine from the bladder.

Urinary catheters

Urinary catheters are used to drain the bladder. Bladder catheterization is often a last resort due to possible complications from prolonged use of the catheter. Complications associated with the use of a catheter may include:

bubble stones
Blood infections (sepsis)
Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Skin damage
Urethral trauma
Urinary tract or kidney infections

There is a wide variety of urinary catheters. Urinary catheters differ in material they are made of (latex, silicone, Teflon) and type (Foley catheter, straight catheter, curved tip catheter). For example, a Foley catheter is a soft plastic or rubber tube that is inserted into the bladder to drain urine.

Urologists recommend using the smallest catheter size. Some people may need large catheters to prevent urine from leaking around the catheter or if the urine is concentrated and contains blood or a lot of sediment.

It must be remembered that large catheters can damage the urethra. Some people with long-term use of latex catheters may develop an allergy or sensitivity to latex. In these patients, Teflon or silicone catheters should be used.

Long-term (permanent) urinary catheters

A catheter, which is inserted into the bladder for a long time, is connected to a urinal to collect urine. There are two types of urinals.

The first type of urinal is a small bag that is attached to the leg with an elastic band. Such a urinal can be worn during the day, as it is easy to hide under trousers or a skirt. The bag is easily emptied in the toilet.

Another type of urinal is a large bag that is used at night. This urinal is usually hung on the bed or placed on the floor.

How to care for your urinary catheter

If the catheter becomes clogged, painful, or infected, the catheter must be replaced immediately.

To care for an indwelling catheter, it is necessary to wash the urethra (the exit site of the catheter) daily with soap and water. Also clean the genital area completely after each bowel movement to prevent infection of the catheter. Urologists no longer recommend the use of antibacterial ointments for cleaning catheters, as their effectiveness in preventing infection has not been proven.

Increase your fluid intake to reduce the risk of complications (if you can drink plenty of fluids for health reasons). Discuss this issue with your doctor.

The urinal should always be located below the bladder to prevent urine from flowing back into the bladder. Empty the bag either every 8 hours or as it fills up.

Make sure that the outlet valve of the urinal remains sterile. Wash your hands before and after handling the bag. Do not let the outlet valve touch anything. If the outlet valve is dirty, wash it with soap and water.

How to handle the urinal?

Clean and deodorize the bag by filling the bag with a solution of two parts vinegar to three parts water. You can replace the aqueous solution of vinegar with chlorine bleach. Soak the urinal in this solution for 20 minutes. Hang the bag with the outlet valve open to dry.

What to do if the catheter is leaking?

Some people may experience leakage of urine around the catheter. This phenomenon may be due to a small catheter, an inappropriate balloon size, or bladder spasm.

If bladder spasm occurs, check to see if the catheter is draining urine properly. If there is no urine in the urinal, then the catheter may be blocked by blood or coarse sediment. Or, the catheter or drainage tube has tucked up and formed a loop.

If you have been taught how to flush the catheter, then try to flush the catheter yourself. If you cannot flush the catheter, contact your doctor immediately. If you have not been instructed how to flush the catheter and urine does not enter the bag, then you need to contact your doctor immediately.

Other causes of urine leakage around the catheter include:

Potential Complications of Using Urinary Catheters

Contact your doctor if you develop any of these complications:

Bleeding in or around the catheter
The catheter is draining a small amount of urine, or there is no urine despite adequate fluid intake
Fever, chills
Large amounts of urine leaking around the catheter
Urine with a strong odor or urine that is cloudy or thick
Swelling of the urethra around the catheter

Suprapubic urinary catheters

A suprapubic urinary catheter is an indwelling catheter that is inserted directly into the bladder through the abdomen above the pubic bone. This catheter is inserted by a urologist in the conditions of either a clinic or a hospital. The catheter exit site (located on the abdomen) and the catheter should be cleaned daily with soap and water and covered with dry gauze.

Replacement of suprapubic catheters is carried out by qualified medical personnel. The suprapubic catheter can be connected to the standard urinals described above. The suprapubic catheter is recommended:

After some gynecological operations
For patients who need long-term catheterization
For patients with trauma or blockade of the urethra

Complications caused by the use of a suprapubic catheter may include:

Bladder stones
Blood infections (sepsis)
Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Skin damage
Urine leakage around the catheter
Urinary tract or kidney infections.

After prolonged use of the catheter, the development of bladder cancer is possible.

How to put a urinary catheter in a man?

Wash your hands. Use betadine or a similar antiseptic (unless specifically instructed) to clean the urethra.
Put on sterile gloves. Make sure you do not touch the outer surface of the gloves with your hands.
Lubricate the catheter.
Take the penis and hold it perpendicular to the body. Slightly pull the penis towards the navel.
Begin gently inserting and advancing the catheter.
You will meet resistance when you reach the external sphincter. Ask the patient to take a few deep breaths to relax the muscles blocking the urethra and continue advancing the catheter.
If urine appears, continue advancing the catheter to the "Y" level of the connector. Hold the catheter in one position while you inflate the balloon. Inflating the catheter balloon in the urethra causes severe pain and can lead to injury. Check if the catheter is in the bladder. You can try flushing the catheter with a few milliliters of sterile water. If the solution does not return easily, the catheter may not have been inserted far enough into the bladder.
Fix the catheter and attach the urinal to it.

How to put a urinary catheter in a woman?

Collect all equipment: catheter, moisturizing gel, sterile gloves, clean wipes, syringe with water to inflate the balloon, urinal.
Wash your hands. Use betadine or another antiseptic to treat the external opening of the urethra. In women, it is necessary to treat the labia and the opening of the urethra with gentle movements from top to bottom. Avoid the anal area.
Put on sterile gloves. Make sure that you do not touch the outer surface of the gloves with your hands.
Lubricate the catheter.
Part the labia and locate the opening of the urethra, which is located below the clitoris and above the vagina.
Slowly insert the catheter into the opening of the urethra.
Gently advance the catheter.
If urine appears, advance the catheter another 2 inches. Hold the catheter in one position while you inflate the balloon. Check if the catheter is in the bladder. If the patient feels pain when the balloon is inflated, it is necessary to stop. Deflate the balloon and advance the catheter another 2 inches and try to inflate the catheter balloon again.
Fix the catheter and attach the urinal.

How to remove a urinary catheter?

Indwelling catheters can be removed in two ways. The first method is to attach a small syringe to the opening of the catheter. Remove all liquid. Slowly withdraw the catheter.

Caution: Never remove your indwelling catheter unless your doctor has instructed you. Remove the catheter only after the permission of the doctor.

Some urologists instruct their patients to cut the catheter balloon inflation tube above the main tube. After all the water has drained out, slowly withdraw the catheter. Be careful not to cut the catheter elsewhere.

If you cannot remove the urinary catheter with little effort, inform your doctor immediately.

Tell your doctor if you don't pass urine within 8 hours after the catheter is removed, or if your stomach is swollen and hurts.

Short term (intermittent) catheters

Some patients require intermittent bladder catheterization. These people need to be taught how to insert a catheter on their own to drain the bladder when needed. They do not need to wear a urinal all the time.

People who may use intermittent catheterization include:

Any patient who is unable to properly empty their bladder
men with large prostates
People with damage to the nervous system (neurological diseases)
Women after certain gynecological surgeries

The process is similar to the procedures described above. However, the balloon does not need to be inflated and the catheter is removed immediately after the flow of urine has stopped.

catheter into the bladder

A urinary catheter is a device that is often inserted for urological diseases, problems with the urinary system, and after surgery. To drain the organ, several tubes are installed in the bladder, through the urethra, through which urine will be excreted. Catheters help restore urination in ureter dysfunction and make life easier for the patient.

Types and sizes

The catheter in the bladder can differ not only in the main material, but also in the type of device and location in the body. Bladder catheterization for both men and women is carried out taking into account the channels and features of the organs where the device is placed. The size of the tube is also selected taking into account individual characteristics (for women, the ideal length is 14 cm, for men - more than 25 cm)

The urinary catheter may differ in the material of manufacture:

made of special rubber;
latex and silicone;
solid (the main material is plastic).

The device for urination also differs in terms of the period of stay in the ureter:

constant. This type of urine catheter can be placed for a long time;
disposable. Staging is carried out in emergency situations (in case of trauma to the urinary organs or infection).

The delivered catheter in the bladder in men and women differs in the type of insertion and location. The internal urinary device is completely located inside the organ, and the external one is only partially. Also, catheters through which urine is excreted are divided into single-channel, two-channel and three-channel.

Whether it hurts to put a catheter in the bladder and how long you have to walk with it depends on what pathology the patient has encountered. Devices of various types cost differently, you also need to take care of them in a certain way, it is not recommended to take ideas from the ceiling without consulting a doctor.

Most popular types

The device for catheterization of the bladder may also differ depending on what function it will perform. The price of the device also varies from this factor and from the material used. If the catheters are made of poor quality material, the patient may develop an allergy or rejection.

Each of these products has its strengths and weaknesses. If catheterization of the bladder in women and men is carried out for a short time, the Nelaton device is the best option, it is easy enough to put and remove. But if the urinary product is placed for a long time, and the patient must be removed not only urine, but also the decay products of medicines, the Foley catheter will be optimal.

How is the installation

How to place an indwelling urinary catheter?

the physician will need to prepare everything necessary in advance. To do this, take: a syringe with a blunt tip, painkillers, napkins, gauze, cotton wool, a container for collecting urine, an antiseptic;
all instruments must be disinfected, otherwise, not only will it not be possible to achieve a restorative effect, but it may also be harmful to health.

But in any case, whichever installation technique is used, patients report that the procedure is very painful. After the urine is taken by the device, the patient needs to use painkillers to help relieve the sensations.

Bladder catheterization with a metal or soft catheter in the stronger sex is much more difficult. If the patient does not relax during the installation of the bladder product, the procedure will take a longer time, while the patient will suffer from severe pain. The device is placed very slowly, if the installation is correct, urine will immediately begin to flow into the container, which means that it will be successfully catheterized.

It is much easier to catheterize the bladder with a soft catheter in women, the introduction is carried out lying on the back, it is impossible to lie on the stomach. If the doctor follows the algorithm of actions, the patient will not experience severe pain, and complications will not arise either.

How to care for your indwelling catheter

Caring for a urinary catheter is not difficult, the main rule is that the patient must constantly keep it clean.

You must also follow the following rules:

If the organ is catheterized, after each emptying it is necessary to wash the genitals.
Male and female catheters should be washed daily with soap. Such procedures remove germs and bacteria, which contributes to a speedy recovery.
Catheterized patients should also be monitored for tube changes. Replacement should be carried out once a week, and the product must also be moved periodically.
To prevent the occurrence of urinary diseases, the patient is required to administer antiseptic drugs (prescribed by a doctor).

If the device is not installed correctly, it may begin to clog, in which case the doctors will remove it. If the catheter fails to completely remove urine, there will be no positive effect, and health will not be restored.

Possible Complications

In order for urine excretion to recover, the doctor must strictly follow the installation algorithm, but the patient must also adhere to the recommendations for care.

If you do not follow these rules, you may encounter the following complications:

The introduction of infections.
The occurrence of inflammatory processes (pulling out the catheter will be very problematic and painful).
Fistula formation.
Heavy bleeding.
Accidental pulling (especially the risk increases if an unsuitable device was taken for installation).

The catheterization process is quite complicated and painful and should only be carried out by an experienced doctor. It is also not recommended to purchase the device yourself. If the patient bought the wrong catheter, it may simply not match the anatomical features and the doctors will not put it.

For various pathologies of the urinary system in animals, catheterization is often used. The catheterization procedure in case of impossibility of spontaneous urination in pets requires certain qualifications and is usually performed in specialized institutions. But there are situations when pet owners have to perform the procedure on their own. Therefore, the questions of how to remove a catheter from a cat, whether it can be done at home without special skills, are more than relevant.

Read in this article

Why is a catheter placed?

Many diseases of the urinary system are accompanied by symptoms such as ischuria. Urination retention with a full bladder is a frequent companion of urolithiasis, tumor diseases, problems with the prostate gland in males, severe inflammatory processes, narrowing of the urethra of a traumatic nature, etc.

Most often, a catheter is placed in a cat with, since this pathology leads to obstruction of the urinary tract. Urinary retention can be acute or chronic. In the first case of ischuria, catheterization is a vital procedure. When a plug is formed from urinary sand, an obstruction develops in the urethra. Signs of urinary retention in a cat are as follows:

urination in the wrong places, outside the tray;

frequent urges, the pet takes the appropriate posture, but urine is not excreted;

the animal is worried, screaming when visiting the toilet;

urine is excreted in drops, often with;

palpation of the lower abdomen reveals a tense bladder. It becomes hard, increases in size to a chicken egg.

With a complete blockage of the urethra, the pet often assumes an appropriate position on the toilet, but not a drop of urine is excreted. In this condition, the general intoxication of the body quickly develops, there is a risk of developing acute renal failure, pain shock. If veterinary care is not provided to the animal within 2-3 days, death occurs.

Indications for catheterization

In order to empty the overflowing bladder, it is necessary to insert a catheter into the cat. This procedure is the only condition for saving the life of a pet. Owners should be aware that every fifth cat dies from delayed assistance with the formation of stones in the excretory system.

Catheterization in the conservative treatment of urolithiasis

Catheterization is carried out in the following situations:

with conservative treatment of urolithiasis;

violation of urination of various etiologies;

bladder injuries;

surgical intervention (for the release of urine during and after surgery);

when therapeutic procedures are carried out (washing the urethra, bladder);

to control urination, collect urine;

in X-ray diagnostics using a contrast agent.

Catheters can be installed for a short period of time, for example, during a diagnostic examination, for the collection of tests, for a single urine output. For these purposes, most often used models of polypropylene. The answer to the question of how much a catheter should cost in a cat will depend on the severity of the animal's disease, the characteristics of the pathology. Often they resort to permanent urethral catheters, for example, when the animal is in serious condition, with acute renal failure, with bladder injuries. For permanent catheterization, polyvinyl chloride models are used, which are less traumatic for the animal compared to polypropylene ones.

Catheterization is a purely medical procedure that requires certain knowledge and skills. Therefore, it may only be carried out by qualified personnel. How to put a catheter in a cat, the owner must have an idea in order to understand the seriousness of the subsequent care of the pet.

Catheterization also has contraindications. It is impossible to carry out manipulation with:

septic processes,

acute infectious diseases,

tumors of the urethra and bladder.

Technique

Many specialists preliminarily perform a manual bladder massage on the animal before inserting the catheter. Often this manipulation leads to the resolution of the urinary plug formed in the urethra and the independent discharge of urine.

The procedure for inserting a catheter is painful for animals, especially for cats that have a narrower urethra. Therefore, veterinary specialists most often use sedatives and anesthesia. In very rare cases, catheterization is performed without the use of anesthesia. As a rule, painkillers are prescribed for old animals with heart problems.

Catheterization is usually carried out by a veterinarian with an assistant.. The animal is fixed in a lateral position. Cut hair in the crotch area, disinfect. The cat's penis is pushed out of the prepuce and a catheter previously lubricated with sterile Vaseline is inserted into the urethra. To facilitate insertion, the foreskin of the penis is pulled back. Careful movements introduce the device into the bladder. Cats are given painkillers that are injected into the vagina.

With obstruction of the urogenital tract and difficulty in installing a catheter, urethral flushing with saline is used to wash off the sand. After the introduction of the catheter, a special cuff is used to secure it, which is sutured to the skin of the animal. The urine collection system is then attached. To prevent falling out, the catheter is attached to the pet's tail in such a way that there is no tension on the sutures. It is advisable to put a special collar on the cat.

That is why it is not possible to change the catheter on your own.

Useful video

For information on how bladder catheterization is performed, see this video:

Rules for the care of the catheter

The main condition for caring for a urethral catheter in an animal should be compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. In the event that a permanent urinary apparatus is supplied, the owner should maintain its sterility. It is necessary to monitor the condition of the coat in the crotch area, keep it clean, if necessary, shave off the hair to prevent it from entering the genitourinary tract.

The genital area should be regularly treated with antiseptic solutions of furacilin or chlorhexidine. This will prevent the development of a bacterial urinary infection.

With continuous catheterization for several days, it is necessary to flush the cat's urinary catheter. This procedure is carried out for the sanitation of the urinary tract with warm saline or antiseptic solution twice a day. For washing use syringes without a needle. After removing urine from the catheter, about 60-80 ml of disinfectant liquid is injected with their help. Empty the bladder using empty syringes for this purpose. Having freed the organ from the liquid, another 60-80 ml of solution is poured, the catheter is closed with a lid and left for sanitation. After 20 minutes, the system is opened and flushing fluid is removed using empty syringes. Carry out the procedure until the flowing solution becomes transparent. As a rule, 2 - 3 such manipulations are required.

If an indwelling urethral catheter is required, experts generally recommend that owners leave the animal in the hospital for bladder lavage.

Animal care after catheterization

Before removing the catheter from a cat, you should check for kinks and curvatures in the system, otherwise injury to the mucous membrane of the urinary tract is possible. Only a veterinarian should remove the catheter.

After the catheterization procedure, the animal is usually prescribed antispasmodic drugs to facilitate the process of urination. Antibacterial agents are prescribed to prevent the development of a bacterial infection. Since obstruction of the urinary tract is more often a consequence of the disease, after the elimination of ischuria, the treatment of the underlying pathology is continued.

Often, owners face various problems when catheterizing an animal. For example, a cat after a catheter cannot pee. This phenomenon is observed due to spasm of the muscles of the urethra. In this case, the animal is prescribed antispasmodic drugs. For this purpose, no-shpa, spazgan, papaverine are used. Manual massage of the bladder is also effective. It is better to carry out such a manipulation by putting the pet on its knees with its stomach up. With soft stroking circular movements, you should rhythmically press on the bladder. This massage reduces muscle spasm and promotes self-urination.

If the cat pulled out the catheter, what should the owner do in such a situation? The animal, regardless of the reason for the catheterization, must be taken to a veterinarian immediately.

If a pet has urological syndromes that indicate difficulty urinating, then catheterization is sometimes the only solution in this situation. Insertion and removal of the catheter should only be done by a veterinarian. Independent manipulations are unacceptable, as they are associated with the risk of injury and rupture of the urethra, bladder.

Hello friends, today a small article on how to remove a catheter from a dog's paw. Of course, you can contact a doctor for this, but there are situations when a catheter was placed in another locality so that you could administer it yourself and send you home.

It turns out that in a few days you will have to carry the animal again. Agree, this option is not very convenient and will bring extra costs, and during the treatment it takes a lot of money. And to expose the animal to unnecessary loads and stress on the road is also not desirable.

Therefore, it is easier to remove the catheter yourself, it is not difficult. I usually use small nail scissors with sharp ends, be careful, they are easy to cut the skin.

If the dog is restless and you have no experience with animals, then take scissors with rounded ends, not so convenient, but safe. Also securely fix the dog, tie his mouth, ask someone to hold his paws.

Sequencing

1. Cut the patch, stepping back from the catheter 1.5-2 cm and try to peel it off. If the band-aid is firmly in place, which is often the case, then carefully trim the fur between the skin and the bandage.

Carefully trim hair

2. Slowly, moving from one edge of the catheter to the other, release the paw from the patch.

3. When only the catheter remains, locate the point where it enters the vein and press the skin at the puncture site with a cotton pad or cotton swab moistened with alcohol (or hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine). While pressing the swab with one hand, gently remove the catheter with the other.

4. Hold the swab for another one to two minutes to stop the bleeding.

5. Then look, if there is no swelling, no “bump” has appeared, then you can do nothing more. Just lubricate the wound for several days with a thin layer of "levomekol", the ointment is sold in a regular pharmacy.

6. If the dog is elderly or notices that swelling appears immediately after the catheter is removed, then bandage the paw for several hours to stop the bleeding. Sometimes blood from a vein gets under the skin and a hematoma forms. Do the same if the dog licks the wound.

Possible Complications

I noticed that when you drip a dog, people worry about the needle in the catheter, many people think that it remains in the paw all the time. But these fears are in vain, the needle (stylet) is removed during the installation of the catheter, and a flexible plastic tube remains in the vein.

But still, there can be complications. Keep in mind that the catheter is a foreign object; there is also open access to the vein through the ports. Despite all precautions when caring for a catheter, complete sterility in the field cannot be achieved. How to care for the catheter I tell in this video.

What should alert you after removing the catheter:

The paw is very swollen, the color of the skin has changed (if it can be seen depending on the breed).
Soreness appeared, the dog cannot use the limb normally - it limps or tightens its paw when walking.
The general condition of the animal has changed: temperatures above the norm, refusal to feed, depression.

In most cases, everything goes without complications, but if the above symptoms appear and they do not go away within a day, then it is better to consult a doctor.

Friends, there will be questions or additions, write in the comments. Until we meet again, veterinarian Sergey Savchenko was with you