Medicines for blood pressure. What pills are prescribed for high blood pressure? Rating of drugs for high blood pressure

People who suffer from hypertension are forced to constantly and in large quantities take pills for high blood pressure. There are currently quite a lot of such medicines, as they say, for every taste and color. Your attending physician, and, we hope, our article will help you make your choice.

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What pills to take for high blood pressure?

Advertising, which is now filled with the Internet and television, plays a big role in our choice of medicines. However, do not rush to run to the pharmacy for the medicine, even if the advertising video promised you a “guaranteed” effect. It is not recommended to take even vitamin preparations “just like that,” especially if we are talking about such serious medications as antihypertensives.

For each patient, effective pills for high blood pressure may be different, because the doctor prescribes treatment exclusively according to an individual program, depending on the patient’s age, his condition, duration, stage and form of the disease, and the presence of contraindications.

Do not self-medicate! This phrase is already quite hackneyed, but never loses its relevance: a pill that helps your neighbor can sometimes help you, but the consequences of such uncontrolled use can be disastrous.

Instead of asking acquaintances and friends about good antihypertensive pills, it is better to inquire about a good doctor who you can safely trust with your health.

What kind of high blood pressure pills are there?

Tablets for high blood pressure can be divided into several groups, which imply different effects of the drugs on the body, achieving in different ways one common goal: to reduce blood pressure. These are the following groups of medications:

medications that have a diuretic effect (diuretics - indapamide, furosemide, polythiazide, lasix);
drugs that dilate blood vessels (hydralazine, minoxidil);
calcium antagonists (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem);
neurotropic drugs (clonidine, guanfacine, dopegit, rilmenidine);
ACE inhibitor drugs (those that interfere with the formation of active angiotensin - captopril, benazepril, enalapril, etc.);
agents that block angiotensin receptors (losartan, cozaar, etc.).

Only the doctor should decide which particular group of drugs to prescribe, what medications for high blood pressure, tablets or injections. Sometimes combination treatment can be used with the simultaneous administration of several drugs, including in different dosage forms.

Tablets for high lower pressure

Indicators of lower (called diastolic) pressure changes depending on the resistance of the vascular wall. That is, lower pressure increases due to spasm or narrowing of blood vessels, which can be caused by swelling and fluid retention in the body.

Lower pressure is sometimes referred to as “cardiac”, since the reasons for its increase should often be sought in the work of the heart. Pathologies of the adrenal glands, endocrine system, and heart disease can also be causes. Prolonged high diastolic pressure has a detrimental effect on the heart muscle and coronary blood flow, so it is imperative to take measures to reduce the diastolic pressure.

Refusal to eat salt and preservatives is the first remedy in the fight against an increase in diastolic indicator. It is recommended to undergo all necessary studies and tests to determine the true cause of swelling and poor health.

If you have diastolic high blood pressure, treatment - tablets - should be aimed at removing excess fluid from the body, that is, have a diuretic effect. These drugs are hypothiazide, veroshpiron, triampur, indap, etc. Depending on the doctor’s recommendations, it is possible to use beta and calcium blockers, drugs such as metoprolol, verapamil, atenolol. Treatment can be carried out using folk remedies, herbal mixtures with a calming effect.

What to take for high blood pressure when pills don’t help?

Sometimes the development of the disease provokes such situations when the patient is faced with a choice: high blood pressure, what to take - pills or medicinal herbs?

Of course, treatment with folk remedies has its advantages, but advice from a good doctor would be helpful. We will give a few recipes that, judging by the reviews, cope well with the problems of high blood pressure:

Freshly squeezed beet juice with the addition of natural honey helps a lot, as well as juice and compote from viburnum, raspberries, and currants. You can use tea made from the fruits and leaves of plants;
Hawthorn flowers are poured with boiling water 1:10, left for half an hour and drunk a quarter glass before meals;
motherwort herb is poured with boiling water 2:10, you should drink one small sip three times a day before meals;
It is useful to eat honey mixed with garlic at night, sometimes the mixture is diluted in milk and drunk;
Kombucha - they say that its constant use normalizes blood pressure and cholesterol levels, relieves headaches and heart pain;
you can brew and drink tea from fresh or dry leaves of dark grapes;
white acacia color - take 1 spoon per glass of boiling water, infuse and drink half a glass before meals;
infusion of dill seeds - brew 2 teaspoons in a liter of boiling water, take half a glass three times a day;
Cabbage brine is a product rich in vitamins and microelements that helps stabilize blood pressure.

For a quick effect, you can use diuretic herbs, such as birch leaves, lingonberries, burdock, as well as juniper, string, bearberry, and horsetail. Treatment with plants can be carried out regularly and as a prevention of hypertension.

Rest, normal sleep, fresh air - all this will help in the fight against high blood pressure.

What tablets can be used to reduce high blood pressure?

How to reduce high blood pressure, there are different pills, so which ones to choose?

If it is not possible to see a doctor immediately, try using diuretics: their effect usually does not take long to appear. However, remember that it is not recommended to sharply reduce blood pressure; this should be done gradually, evenly reducing the load on the organs, including the heart.

Diuretic tablets for high blood pressure - list of the most common drugs:

hypothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide - require careful administration in diabetes mellitus, no more than 25 mg per dose;
indap, indapamide, arifon, ravel are effective mild-acting drugs, they can be used regularly, they are also very convenient to take (take only one tablet per day);
furosemide, lasix - drugs not intended for continuous use, are used 1-2 times to relieve a hypertensive crisis;
diuver, britomar - not such a sharp effect as furosemide, but longer and more gentle.

And yet, how to reduce high blood pressure, use pills or other means? Self-medication is not the best option in this situation; take the advice of a good doctor.

Constant advice about a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, fighting excess weight, quitting smoking and drinking alcohol may seem hackneyed and boring to some. However, the use of these recommendations is much more effective than any existing high blood pressure pills.

The best pills for high blood pressure

The prescription of medications to lower blood pressure should be individualized, taking into account the characteristics of the individual patient. Patients aged 40-45 years and older usually take high blood pressure pills, the names of which are quite common. These drugs are adelfan, corinfar, captopril, capoten, cordaflex, capozide. These medications can be taken by patients who have previously experienced cases of high blood pressure.

If blood pressure rises for the first time, especially in young patients, as well as after suffering severe stress or strong psycho-emotional stress, it is recommended to take Andipal, which promotes the expansion of peripheral blood vessels and has a sedative effect.

Cumulative drugs are used for long-term treatment of high blood pressure. These drugs are Diroton, Berlipril, Noliprel, Enap, Prestarium.

When cases of hypertension recur and even become more frequent, you should definitely consult a doctor. He will correctly adjust the treatment and select the optimal drug.

Kapoten

Capoten (aka captopril) is a pill for high blood pressure, reviews of which are mostly positive. This medicine was synthesized back in the 70s, but has not yet lost its popularity. It is used for hypertension and cardiac ischemia.

Capoten, like most antihypertensive drugs, requires regular use, and is also perfect for emergency assistance during a hypertensive crisis. The big advantage of the drug is its relatively low cost and the generally recognized effectiveness of the drug. The downside is the need to take pills frequently and constantly, up to 4 times a day, and not once, like most new generation drugs.

Capoten can be prescribed as a stand-alone drug, or in combination with other antihypertensive and nootropic drugs.

Kapoten normalizes the hypertrophied left ventricle, prevents the progression of cardiac failure, and promotes the development of positive dynamics in patients in a post-infarction state. The many advantages of the drug include its beneficial effect on the urinary system, in particular on the kidneys: capoten weakens the effect of high blood pressure on them and prevents the development of renal failure.

Typically, the drug is prescribed from a minimum dose of 6.25 mg up to three times a day, gradually increasing the dosage to 25 mg. The maximum permissible single dose of the drug is 50 mg. The treatment regimen with capoten is adjusted depending on the blood pressure readings, periodically monitoring it and comparing the indicators. The duration of action of the tablet is about four hours.

Andipal

Andipal is a combination tablet for high heart pressure that is used for severe vascular spasms. Such conditions develop as a result of vegetative-vascular disorders, as well as after severe stress.

The complex drug has vasodilating, analgesic, sedative properties and contains papaverine, dibazol, analgesic and phenobarbital. This remedy is not used for long-term treatment, since Andipal is a purely symptomatic drug that quite quickly relieves pain, has a calming effect on the nervous system, and lowers blood pressure.

The maximum daily intake is 3 tablets, which can be taken for no more than two days. If during this period your condition has not improved, you will have to consult a doctor for a diagnosis and prescription of more effective medications.

Blood pressure surges are one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine. If previously this pathology mainly affected older people, today young people, and even teenagers and small children suffer from this problem.

(BP) is a problem for people over 40 years of age. Every year the disease becomes more widespread.

The main causes of the pathological condition:

low physical activity;
poor nutrition;
metabolic disorders (excess weight);
presence of stressful situations;
alcohol abuse;
the presence of chronic diseases of vital organs.

The standard blood pressure reading is 120/80 mm Hg. Art. A deviation of the value from the norm by 15 units means increased blood pressure. The disease is called hypertension. How to choose the right drugs for treatment? It is difficult to choose blood pressure medications on your own. The choice of treatment regimen is based on the patient’s individual health status. The drug may not be suitable for different patients with the same symptoms. To prescribe the correct treatment, consult your doctor.

Main groups of drugs for the treatment of hypertension

To lower blood pressure, modern medicine uses various groups of drugs. They differ from each other by:

mechanism of action;
price;
the presence of contraindications and side effects.

Drug treatment of hypertension is necessary for persistent high blood pressure

Drugs that lower blood pressure are divided into groups:

centrally acting antihypertensive drugs;
drugs that block angiotensin receptors;
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors;
renin inhibitors;
medications that speed up the rate of urine production;
calcium channel blocking drugs;
beta blockers;
alpha-blockers;
spasm relievers;
sympatholytics;
sedatives.

How to choose a medicine?

When choosing therapy, it is necessary to take into account factors affecting blood pressure:

Vascular tone. It depends on the condition of the small arteries. The greater the spasm, the higher the blood pressure.
Circulating blood volume.
Heartbeat.
Patient's age.

Combination therapy allows for a comprehensive effect on the mechanisms of disease development and mitigates the severity of side effects

The more of these factors, the higher the blood pressure level. Drugs for high blood pressure are usually prescribed in the following cases:

when the indicator increases to 155 by 90 mmHg. Art.;
with an increase to 135 by 85 mmHg. Art. for renal, heart failure, diabetes.

To reduce blood pressure, medications should be chosen that last for at least 12 hours. They are consumed once every 24 hours. Often the doctor prescribes complex therapy, including up to four drugs. The goal is to minimize side effects and reduce dosage.

Centrally acting blood pressure lowering drugs

Used in certain cases, they are not the main drugs for the treatment of hypertension. The main principle of action is to reduce blood pressure due to the effect on special receptors in the brain. Cause drowsiness (contraindicated for drivers), dizziness. Do not take during heart block or during lactation.

"Clonidine";
"Aegis";
"Physiotent";
"Moxonidine";
Moxonitex.

Clonidine is an antihypertensive drug with pronounced hypotensive and sedative effects.

Beta blockers for high blood pressure

Prescribed as an independent remedy or as part of complex therapy. Used for angina pectoris, heart attack. They block receptors that cause the heart muscle to contract faster. Prescribed for heart rhythm disturbances. They have a large number of contraindications and side effects. Monotherapy can last from 14 to 30 days, then the doctor prescribes complex treatment.

Main representatives of the group:

"Tenor"
"Concor";
"Carvedilol";
"Sotalol";
"Betacoslol";
"Oxprenolol";
"Atenolol."

Alpha blockers for high blood pressure: drugs

They act quickly and effectively. They reduce blood pressure by blocking adrenergic receptors located in blood vessels that respond to adrenaline by constriction. Reduce cholesterol levels in the body. Used under medical supervision.

Doxazosin is used to treat hypertension

Main representatives:

"Doxazonin";
"Prazonin";
"Pirroxan";
"Phentolamine."

Diuretics (diuretics)

The mechanism of action is to remove excess fluid from the body, reduce the load on the cardiovascular system by eliminating edema, stimulating the activity of the renal system, and removing excess sodium, which causes vasoconstriction.

The most common representatives of diuretics prescribed for hypertension:

"Furasemide";
Torasemide";
"Veroshpiron";
"Amiloride";
Ethacrynic acid.

Prescribed for complex forms of hypertension and diabetes. Diuretics can be used as an independent drug and as part of complex treatment.

The main purpose of the drug is to remove fluid from the body, that is, to have a diuretic effect.

Calcium channel blockers

Some of the most effective and safe medicines. They regulate the degree of concentration of calcium ions in the myocardium. Promotes expansion of coronary vessels. Used when necessary to quickly lower blood pressure. Blocks hypertensive crisis.

Representatives:

"Nifedipine";
"Verapamil";
"Diltiazem."

They have minor side effects, are easily tolerated by the body, and can be used in adolescence.

ACE inhibitors

The mechanism of their action in hypertension is to block the production of an enzyme that constricts blood vessels.

Divided into two groups:

sulfhydral (“Captopril”, “Zofenopril”, “Benazepril”);
carboxyl (Renitek, Lisinopril).

The first is an emergency drug; the drug’s response rate occurs after 10 minutes. Effective for hypertensive crisis. The second is prescribed for the chronic form of the disease. Used to treat hypertension in patients with heart failure.

Captopril is a drug used as an inhibitor drug aimed at lowering blood pressure

Renin inhibitors - medicine for blood pressure, high blood pressure

These are new generation hypertensive drugs. Recently developed. They have a similar effect to ACE inhibitors. The only representative that has undergone clinical trials is Alixiren. Protects the heart and kidneys from negative effects, helps lower blood pressure, and prevents the development of atherosclerosis.

High blood pressure medicine - angiotensin receptor blockers

Such drugs are prescribed for chronic hypertension. Not for use in emergencies. Have a minimum of side effects. Allowed to be used for years. Mechanism of action: they block angiotensin receptors, which cause vasoconstriction.
Sympatholytics
They affect the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. In case of narrowing of blood vessels, they cause their dilation; in case of increased heart rate, they cause a decrease in the activity of the heart muscle. Raunatin is usually prescribed. It is based on plant alkaloids. Used for hypertension in the initial stages.
Sedatives – medicine for high blood pressure
Used in stressful situations, nervous disorders that cause increased blood pressure. They have a calming effect on the nervous system. Based on natural ingredients.

Representatives:
"Corvalol";
Tinctures of mint, motherwort, calendula;
"Phenazepam";
"Validol".

Unable to cure the disease. Prescribed as an aid to calm the nervous system.

Side effects, contraindications
If you have hypertension, you should not self-medicate. Each medicine has a number of contraindications. Use medications as recommended by your doctor.
Main contraindications when using hypertensive drugs:
lactation period, gestation;
age less than 18 years;
chronic diseases of the kidneys, liver, heart;
respiratory tract complications;
allergic reactions;
individual intolerance to components.

Side effects:
vomit;
diarrhea;
allergic rashes;
dizziness;
sleep disorder

Only a doctor can develop the correct treatment regimen, including a complex of medications.

Content

Hypertension, or arterial hypertension, is a regular increase in blood pressure above 120/80. This condition is dangerous because it is the most common cause of cardiovascular complications. There are many causes of hypertension, but the main treatment method is pills to maintain normal blood pressure. There are several categories of drugs used. They affect different mechanisms of increasing pressure in the body.

What are high blood pressure pills

The norm is considered to be BP (blood pressure) equal to 120/80. If it is between 130/85 and 139/89, it is called normal elevated. A more serious pathology is considered to be an increase in pressure above the level of 139/89. At the early stage of hypertension, a low-salt diet, proper nutrition, giving up bad habits and physical activity are recommended. For persistent high blood pressure, tablets are used. These are drugs that reduce its performance to the normal level of 120/80. They differ in different operating principles, but they all perform the same function - normalize blood pressure.

Cumulative action

There are medications for hypertension that can dramatically lower blood pressure. They are used in critical cases to stop a hypertensive crisis. To treat hypertension, good long-acting blood pressure pills are used. They have a cumulative property, which is achieved as a result of taking the medicine for 3 or more weeks. Their peculiarity is that they must be taken constantly, without missing them, even if blood pressure drops immediately.

Long-term medications were developed for the convenience of hypertensive patients, because you need to take 1-2 tablets a day. They are indicated for the treatment of grade 2-3 hypertension. Examples of long-acting medications include the following:

Propranolol;
Diroton;
Losartan;
Bisoprolol;
Metoprolol;
Prestarium;
Cordaflex.

Main groups of medications

A doctor may prescribe monotherapy for a hypertensive patient with one drug, but more often they use combination therapy with several tablets. This helps to reduce the dose of active components and reduce the occurrence of negative consequences. In addition, the combination of different drugs allows you to act on several mechanisms of increasing pressure at once. In general, the following groups are used for hypertension:

Diuretics. They reduce the volume of fluid in the bloodstream, which is then removed from the body, which helps reduce blood pressure.
Beta blockers. They block the influence of a certain substance – renin, which exhibits vasoconstrictor properties.
Calcium antagonists. Provide arterial vasodilation - widening of the arteries. The action is to inactivate the normal flow of calcium ions. Preferred for angina pectoris, atherosclerosis and heart rhythm disorders.
ACE inhibitors. They act on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which helps eliminate spasm and reduce the retention of fluid and sodium salts in the body.
Angiotensin receptor blockers (also called sartans). Effectiveness is observed throughout the day. Maximum bioavailability lasts for 48 hours.
Centrally acting drugs. Indicated for hypertension associated with impaired regulation of blood pressure by brain centers.
Combined means. They contain several active components from the groups listed above. Taking combination medications helps avoid prescribing multiple medications.

With a diuretic effect

Thiazide diuretics, diuretic medications, are often prescribed first for hypertension. Their active components are indapamide, hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, torsemide, etc. Thiazide diuretics have minor diuretic properties, but at the same time have a powerful hypotensive effect. They reduce swelling of the vascular wall and increase the lumen of blood vessels. The following long-acting high blood pressure tablets have these properties:

Furosemide. The component of the same name in the composition has a diuretic effect. Furosemide affects the thick segment of the ascending loop of Henle. Used for arterial hypertension and hypertensive crisis. The dosage is selected individually, most often it is 0.5-1 tablet. daily. Contraindications and adverse reactions are presented in a large list, so they should be clarified in the instructions. The advantage of Furosemide is that it begins to work within 20-30 minutes after administration.
Chlorthalidone. The hypotensive effect is achieved 3-4 weeks after the start of administration. Chlorthalidone is used for arterial hypertension, liver cirrhosis, nephritis, obesity, fluid retention during PMS, nephrosis. Chlorthalidone is contraindicated in anuria, pregnancy, hypokalemia, renal or hepatic failure, autoimmune diseases, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia. Adverse reactions: hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, alkalosis, short-term diuresis, nausea, vomiting, headache, skin rashes. The dosage of Chlorthalidone is 25 mg per day. Plus medicines are low in cost.

Beta blockers

The mechanism of action of these drugs is the inhibition of renin synthesis and blockade of vascular beta receptors. They are used in isolation for only 2-4 weeks, and then they are combined with diuretics and calcium channel blockers. For long-term treatment, doctors often prescribe Betaxolol, Propranolol, Carvedilol, Bisoprolol and the following beta blockers:

Atenolol. The active component of the same name in the composition of the drug has hypotensive, antianginal and antiarrhythmic properties. They determine the use of Atenolol for arterial hypertension, hypertensive crisis, ischemic heart disease, neurocircular dystonia, and angina pectoris. Contraindicated in bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, acute heart failure, cardiomegaly, breastfeeding, and taking MAO inhibitors. Adverse reactions: depression, insomnia, dizziness, weakness, asthenia, drowsiness, dry eyes. The initial dosage is 25-50 mg per day. Pros of the medicine: cheap, helps quickly, increases strength, relieves shortness of breath.
Sotalol. It has antianginal, hypotensive and antiarrhythmic effects. Used for mitral valve prolapse, ventricular extrasystole, hypertensive cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension. Before taking Sotalol, you should study the list of contraindications and side effects, because they are presented in a large list. For high blood pressure, take 80 mg daily. Plus Sotalol - adverse reactions are rare, only in 16% of patients.

Calcium antagonists

Calcium channel blockers, or calcium antagonists, also have a long-term hypotensive effect. It consists of blocking the flow of calcium to vascular cells, which prevents their expansion. Calcium antagonists are divided into several groups: phenylalkylamines (Verapamil), dihydropyridines (Amlodipine, Nifedipine), benzodiazepines (Diltiazem).

Additionally, blockers increase the ability to bear loads. Calcium antagonists are combined with ACE inhibitors, which helps to avoid diuretics. The first in the ranking of such funds are:

Felodipine. In addition to the hypotensive effect, Felodipine has an antianginal effect. Indications for use include angina pectoris, Raynaud's disease, and arterial hypertension. Contraindications and side effects are numerous, so they should be clarified in the detailed instructions for the drug. Felodipine is started at 5 mg. The maintenance dosage is 5-10 mg. The advantage of Felodipine is that it acts only on cardiovascular smooth muscle cells, so the medicine is approved for bronchial asthma.
Amlodipine. The name Amlodipine coincides with the active component in its composition, which is a dihydropyridine derivative. The drug belongs to the category of hypotensive and antianginal. For the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, vasospastic angina and painless myocardial ischemia, a dosage of 5 mg is prescribed. It is gradually increased to 10 mg. Amlodipine is contraindicated during lactation, pregnancy, and intolerance to dihydropyridines. Advantage – reliable prevention of hypertensive crises. After taking the medication, your ankles may swell, constipation and tachycardia may develop.

ACE inhibitors

The action of these drugs is to inhibit the enzyme, under the influence of which the vasoconstrictor hormone angiotensin is converted into renin. This causes a decrease in blood flow through the heart and an obstacle to the progression of myocardial enlargement in the event of its hypertrophy. There are different types of ACE inhibitors:

with a sulfhydryl group - Captopril, Zofenopril, Benazepril;
with a carboxyl group - Enalapril, Perindopril, Lisinopril;
with a phosphinyl group - Fosicard, Fosinopril.

Additionally, ACE inhibitors eliminate vascular spasms and reduce the retention of fluid and sodium salts in the body. These tablets for lowering blood pressure have a beneficial effect on the internal lining of blood vessels. Effective ACE inhibitors are:

Ramipril. The drug substance of the same name in the composition exhibits cardioprotective, natriuretic, vasodilating and hypotensive effects. It helps in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure with impaired left ventricular function, and diabetic nephropathy. Ramipril is not recommended for persons with hypotension, renal failure, hyperkalemia, or pregnancy. The daily dose is 2.5 mg. During administration, hypotension, heart failure, dispersion, dizziness, headache, and increased salivation are possible. The advantage of Ramipril over other ACE inhibitors is its nephroprotective effect.
Captopril. Has antihypertensive properties. Indications for treatment with Captopril are hypertensive crisis and high blood pressure. Contraindicated in case of narrowing of the aorta, pregnancy, myocardiopathy, lactation, narrowing of the mitral valve, stenosis of the renal arteries. The downside of the drug is a large number of side effects, which should be clarified in the instructions. In case of hypertensive crisis, a 25 mg capsule is placed under the tongue. To treat hypertension, take 12.5 mg 3 times a day. Advantages of Captopril: does not affect potency, reduces the risk of cancer, can be used in elderly patients.

Angiotensin receptor blockers

Otherwise, these products are called sartans. They belong to the new generation category. Such long-acting high blood pressure tablets enhance their effect when combined with diuretics. Popular drugs in this category are Teveten, Valsartan, Candesartan, Telmisartan and, in addition:

Losartan. This is the leading product in the sartan category. Treatment begins with a dose of 100 mg. Losartan is indicated for hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and chronic heart failure. Not used during pregnancy, dehydration, hyperkalemia, lactation. Side effects may include ringing in the ears, headache, insomnia, loss of consciousness, cough, congestion and nosebleeds. The advantage of Losartan is the prevention of heart attack and stroke.
Irbesartan. It is used for arterial hypertension and its combination with diabetic nephropathy. Treatment begins with 150 mg per day. Take on an empty stomach or with meals. Irbesartan is prohibited during pregnancy, lactation, breastfeeding, and childhood. The advantage of the drug is that it reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels faster compared to Losartan.

Centrally acting antihypertensives

If elevated blood pressure is associated with depression or stress, then the patient is prescribed centrally acting drugs. They reduce the tone of the meninges by influencing the vasomotor center in the brain. These are Rilmenidine, Moxogamma, Clonidine, as well as:

Estulik. It is a central alpha2-adrenergic receptor stimulant with an antihypertensive effect. Used for the treatment of arterial hypertension as part of combination therapy. Estulik is contraindicated in cases of collapse, cardiogenic shock, lactation, lactose intolerance, galactosemia, and pregnancy. The dosage is 0.5-1 mg per day at night. Side effects should be clarified in the instructions, because they are presented in a large list.
Dopegit. The medicine is based on methyldopa. Used to treat mild to moderate hypertension. Contraindicated in acute hepatitis, myocardial infarction, severe pathologies of the kidneys and liver, hemolytic anemia. Adverse reactions occur in relation to almost all organ systems. The dosage of Dopegit per day is 250 mg. After 2 days it is increased by 250 mg to reach 1 g in 2-3 doses. Advantages of Dopegit: does not affect the functioning of the heart, does not provoke reflex tachycardia, does not affect renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.

Combined

Long-acting combination tablets for high blood pressure are more effective. They often include 2 active components, which reduces the dose of substances and their adverse reactions. Among the combination medications that are effective are:

Noliprel, including indapamide and perindopril. Indicated for essential hypertension. It is necessary to limit Noliprel intake in case of liver and kidney failure, renal artery stenosis, high sensitivity to the composition, pregnancy, lactation, hypokalemia. It is better to clarify the side effects in the instructions, because they are numerous. The patient is prescribed 1 tablet. per day. Pros of Noliprel: mild effect.
Renipril containing hydrochlorothiazide and losartan. Has diuretic and antihypertensive effects. Indicated for high blood pressure and for the prevention of ischemic conditions. Renipril is prohibited in case of hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, a history of kidney transplantation or kidney diseases. For moderate hypertension, the dose is 10 mg. After administration, dizziness, dyspepsia, dry cough, orthostatic hypotension, pancreatitis, and photosensitivity are possible.

No side effects

Combination drugs containing more than 1 active substance have a minimum number of adverse reactions. There are no absolutely harmless medications. A small number of negative reactions are exhibited by:

Physiotens. The basis of Physiotens is moxonidine. This substance affects the imidazoline receptors of the central nervous system, which are located in the medulla oblongata. Physiotens has only one indication for use – arterial hypertension. For its treatment, it is recommended to take 0.2-0.6 mg daily. Physiotens therapy is not recommended for heart failure, sick sinus syndrome, sensitivity and allergies to the components of the composition, liver and kidney diseases. Side effects include nausea, dry mucous membranes, decreased blood pressure, weakness and bradycardia. Pros of Physiotens: can be taken on an empty stomach or after a meal, acts for 24 hours, approved for use with medications for the heart and diabetes.
Lisinopril. It has cardioprotective, natriuretic, hypotensive and vasodilating properties. They help cope with chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and acute myocardial infarction. It is better to learn about contraindications and side effects from the instructions, as they are presented in a large list. Lisinopril is taken 1 time daily, regardless of food. For arterial hypertension, the dose is about 2.5 mg. It is necessary to take the medication at the same time. The advantage of the drug is its rapid accumulation to a therapeutic concentration.

New generation drugs

The most modern drugs for high blood pressure are third generation drugs. They differ in their combined action. It is due to a specially selected composition, which was developed taking into account the side effects of each component. Such medications do not cause anemia, arrhythmia, hearing changes, vision problems or hair loss. Examples of new generation blood pressure medications include:

Labetalol. Used for varying degrees of elevated blood pressure. The active substance in Labetalol combines peripheral vasodilatory and beta-blocking properties. Take the medicine orally with meals, 0.1 g 2-3 times a day. Labetalol is contraindicated for bronchospasms, severe heart failure, and atrioventricular block. Side effects may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, or constipation. The main advantage of Labetalol is its speed.
Berlipril. The drug substance of the same name contained in the tablets has vasodilating, cardioprotective, hypotensive and natriuretic properties. Helps with high blood pressure, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure. Contraindications include dispersion, heart failure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, vasculitis, jaundice and some other diseases that should be clarified in the instructions before using the tablets. The same applies to adverse reactions, because they are presented in a large list. Take 2.5 mg daily.

Cheap

An important criterion for choosing tablets for high blood pressure is their cost. Most expensive drugs have cheaper analogues. The best products in the budget category:

Enalapril. The medication expands the lumen of blood vessels and has natriuretic and cardioprotective characteristics. Enalapril is used for hypertension, symptomatic arterial hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, scleroderma. This medicine should not be taken in case of hyperkalemia, angioedema, renal artery stenosis, azotemia, aortic stenosis and pregnancy. Possible side effects: nausea, dry cough, glossitis, tinnitus, convulsions, proteinuria. The daily dosage of Enalapril is 5 mg per day. To achieve a stable reduction in blood pressure in severe hypertension, it can be increased to 10-40 mg in 2 divided doses. The advantage of Enalapril is its high bioavailability in comparison with similar medications.
Bisogamma. Based on bisoprolol. Shows antianginal, antiarrhythmic and hypotensive effects. Adverse reactions and contraindications are presented in a large list, so they should be clarified in the detailed instructions for Bisogamma. The dosage is 5 mg daily. The main advantage of the medicine is its moderate effect on the nervous system.

Strong

In case of a hypertensive crisis, it is necessary to take strong pills that quickly reduce blood pressure. Such drugs have the ability to alter mental state, so they are used with caution. The following are used as strong antihypertensive drugs:

Nitroglycerine. The substance of the same name in the composition has a venodilating effect. To relieve a hypertensive crisis, it is necessary to dissolve Nitroglycerin under the tongue. The advantage of the medication is rapid relief of the condition with very high blood pressure.
Kapoten. Includes the substance captopril, which reduces pressure in the atrium and pulmonary circulation. For moderate hypertension, take 12.5 mg 2 times a day. The dosage is increased gradually at intervals of at least 2-4 weeks. Before taking it, you must study the extensive list of contraindications and adverse reactions presented in the instructions.

Elderly people should take special care when treating hypertension. Medicines for them must have a milder effect and not have a large list of side effects. Examples of safe medications for resistant hypertension for the elderly include:

Indapamide. Named after the active component in the composition. It gently reduces peripheral vascular resistance and increases the elasticity of arterial walls. The indication for Indapamide is arterial hypertension. The drug is not used for anuria, pre-infarction condition, diabetes mellitus, renal and liver failure. After taking the tablets, nausea, constipation, allergies, dry mouth, and headache are possible. Drink 1 piece per day, preferably in the morning. The advantage of Indapamide is that it has no effect on the level of lipids and glucose in the blood.
Nifedipine. It is a selective calcium channel blocker. The principle of their operation is to inhibit the flow of calcium into cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Indicated for angina attacks, hypertensive crises, arterial hypertension, Raynaud's disease. Dosage regimen – 10 mg 3-4 times daily. Adverse reactions occur in the central nervous system, hematopoietic system, endocrine, cardiovascular and digestive systems. The advantage of Nifedipine is that it can be used both to relieve an attack of high blood pressure and for long-term treatment of hypertension.

What are the most effective pills for hypertension?

It is impossible to accurately determine the best pills for hypertension. For each patient, a certain drug prescribed taking into account individual characteristics will be effective. It is worth considering that the best remedy is not only the one that quickly leads to blood pressure stabilization. The drug should also prevent attacks of increased blood pressure in the future. To select such a remedy, a specialist often has to prescribe one medication after another.

Even with such difficulties in choosing, there are tablets that have proven themselves to have good reviews from patients and doctors. Such means include:

Captopril;
Raunatin;
Methyldopa;
Reserpine;
Lisinopril;
Losartan;
Enalapril.

Price

It is not always possible to order and buy any of these products in an online store. Some are sold by prescription only and require a prescription to purchase. The price of medicines depends on the manufacturer, the form of release and the number of tablets in the package. Most medications fall into the budget category, but there are also expensive medications. Examples of prices can be found in the table:

Name of tablets	Number of pieces per package	Price, rubles
Furosemide
Indapamide
Atenolol

Felodipin
Amlodipine
Ramipril
Captopril
Losartan
Irbesartan

Noliprel
Renipril
Physiotens Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient. Found an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we will fix everything! Discuss Long-acting high blood pressure tablets: list of medications by group

Arterial hypertension is a major factor in the development of serious cardiovascular diseases and can cause a stroke or heart attack. Doctors pay special attention to this pathology due to its extreme prevalence and danger. A borderline state is considered to be a blood pressure level of more than 135/95 mmHg. Anything above these readings is already defined as high blood pressure and requires medication adjustment. Blood pressure pills should be prescribed by your doctor. For this purpose, antihypertensive drugs are used, of which there are a lot produced today.

An important rule is that pills for high blood pressure should be selected by a specialist who will take into account the individual characteristics of the patient and the presence of concomitant diseases. At the same time, modern (and more expensive) groups of drugs are not always the most effective. Practice has shown that they are no better than classical diuretics or beta blockers, which doctors have been using for 40 years and are well aware of all the features of their effects on the body.

In addition to arterial hypertension, there are conditions characterized by a persistent decrease in blood pressure. Patients with arterial hypotension also require drug treatment, but in this case, therapy is based on the use of drugs whose action is aimed at increasing blood pressure.

Let's find out what effective blood pressure pills are, and which group of medications should be preferred when treating high or low blood pressure.

In modern medicine, antihypertensive drugs or tablets for high blood pressure are represented by the following main groups:

beta blockers;
calcium antagonists;
alpha blockers;
sartans (angiotensin 2 blockers);
ACE inhibitors;
diuretics.

All presented groups of antihypertensive drugs act according to different schemes, have their own characteristics of use, contraindications and side effects. Therefore, only the attending physician can select them, taking into account pressure indicators, the clinical picture of the disease, the age and weight of the patient and other characteristics.

You will have to take pills for high blood pressure regularly, regardless of what number the tonometer shows. These drugs tend to accumulate in the body and thus can have a prolonged effect. However, the course of treatment should not be interrupted under any circumstances. If you are diagnosed with arterial hypertension, you will have to take medications for the rest of your life. To learn more about the features of antihypertensive drugs, let’s take a closer look at each group of drugs and find out the name of the blood pressure pills that are most often prescribed to patients.

Drugs in this group reduce heart rate. Their action is aimed at relaxing the walls of blood vessels, thereby reducing the volume of blood entering them over a certain period of time and reducing blood pressure. Such medications are best suited for the treatment of severe forms of hypertension accompanied by angina pectoris. They are prescribed for atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure, or for those patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction. This group of drugs includes:

Concor;
Biprol;
Coronal;
Niperten;
Carvedilol.

Beta blockers restore abnormal heart rhythm, have an antiarrhythmic effect, eliminate symptoms of coronary artery disease, and effectively reduce blood pressure. At the same time, they have quite a few contraindications, and the side effects of blood pressure pills can lead to serious consequences.

Unsystematic use of drugs can provoke a sharp drop in blood pressure, fainting, dizziness, headaches, dyspeptic symptoms (abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dry mouth, diarrhea) and other reactions from various body systems. Therefore, only a specialist can select the necessary dosages of medications to eliminate unwanted complications.

The patient should be under medical supervision during treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Average prices for beta blockers range from 160 to 300 rubles.

Sartans or angiotensin II receptor blockers are new generation blood pressure pills that appeared on the pharmaceutical market relatively recently. They effectively reduce blood pressure throughout the day, have a prolonged effect and practically do not cause side effects. New blood pressure pills may not be taken as often as other antihypertensive drugs. To achieve a lasting therapeutic effect, one tablet per day is enough. Similar drugs are used to treat severe forms of hypertension. The most popular drugs in this group include:

When using these drugs, characteristic side reactions such as a dry, unproductive cough and a sharp drop in blood pressure occur less frequently. Drugs in this group do not cause withdrawal symptoms; they should be taken once a day (in the morning or at night). Sartans are long-acting blood pressure tablets, and this feature is their main advantage. The cost of drugs varies from 300 to 1800 rubles per package.

This type of medication is used mainly as part of complex treatment simultaneously with sartans or ACE inhibitors. Their action is aimed at blocking calcium channels, which increases blood flow in the coronary arteries and improves blood supply to myocardial areas subject to ischemia.

The use of drugs can reduce the need for oxygen in the heart muscles, reduce peripheral vascular resistance and lower blood pressure. These drugs provide an antiarrhythmic effect, relieve attacks of angina and prevent vasospasm. The list of the most popular drugs includes:

The use of calcium channel blockers helps to better tolerate physical activity, so they are preferred to be prescribed to elderly patients and in cases where hypertension is accompanied by symptoms of angina, arrhythmia and manifestations of atherosclerosis. The average cost of drugs is from 80 to 260 rubles.

Antihypertensive drugs from this group are recommended to be prescribed in cases where patients with hypertension have a concomitant disease - diabetes mellitus. The tablets should be taken half an hour before meals; the dose of the drug and the duration of treatment are selected by the doctor individually. The danger of ACE inhibitors is that, when used for a long time, they increase the level of potassium in the body, which can lead to convulsive contractions of the heart muscle and disruption of heart function.

Therefore, treatment begins with minimal doses, gradually increasing the volume of the drug and monitoring the patient’s condition. In general, these are good tablets for blood pressure; they have a lasting antihypertensive effect and, with long-term use in low dosages, can stabilize blood pressure and prevent heart failure. The list of the most popular ACE inhibitors includes:

During pregnancy, ACE inhibitor drugs are prohibited for use, as they can provoke renal pathologies and cause tremors of the heart muscle. The cost of ACE inhibitors varies from 70 to 550 rubles.

Drugs in this group exhibit an antispasmodic effect, promote relaxation and dilation of blood vessels, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure. Basically, these drugs are prescribed in combination with beta blockers and diuretics. If alpha blockers are taken alone, severe swelling and severe headaches may develop.

Drugs from this group are usually prescribed in severe cases when other antihypertensive drugs do not achieve the desired effect. Alpha blockers do not cause drowsiness, but can cause addiction and side effects such as heart rhythm disturbances, a sharp drop in pressure when taking an upright position, nausea, and dizziness. This group of drugs includes both selective and non-selective alpha-blockers:

Prazosin;
Terazosin;
Doxazosin;
Phentolamine;
Nicergoline;
Butyroxane;
Hydralazine;
Minoxidil.

The average cost of medicines varies between 160 - 300 rubles.

Photo: Diuretics (diuretics)

The mechanism of action of diuretics is aimed at reducing the swelling of the vascular walls by increasing the production and excretion of urine. This allows you to increase the lumen in the blood vessels, relieve tension and lower blood pressure. For high blood pressure, diuretics are the first-line treatment. They are prescribed in combination with other antihypertensive drugs (ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, beta and alpha blockers). For hypertension, diuretics of three groups are used:

Loop;
Thiazide;
Potassium-sparing.

Diuretics reduce the volume of circulating blood, reduce the load on the heart, which is a good prevention of heart failure. Their use helps remove excess fluid from the body and reduce high blood pressure.

But since microelements necessary for the normal functioning of the body are also excreted along with urine, uncontrolled use of diuretics can provoke a number of side effects. These include heart rhythm disturbances, dehydration, confusion, dizziness and other undesirable reactions. Here are the most common drugs - diuretics used to treat hypertension:

The most common treatment regimen is the use of a combination of thiazide diuretics with ACE inhibitors, since this combination is considered the most favorable for the treatment of hypertension. The average cost of diuretics ranges from 60 to 200 rubles.

There are also centrally acting antihypertensive drugs. These include Clonidine and Moxonidine. But Clonidine is considered an outdated drug and is rarely used because it quickly becomes addictive and loses its effectiveness.

Moxonidine is an imidazole receptor blocker and is used for mild hypertension and metabolic syndrome. This group also includes drugs such as:

Moxonitex,
Tenzotran,
Physiotens

Their average cost ranges from 200 to 450 rubles.

We advise you to pay attention to the new natural drug for high blood pressure Normalife. Reviews about it characterize it as an excellent remedy without side effects.

Arterial hypotension is accompanied by symptoms such as weakness, drowsiness, fatigue, and low performance. With a sharp decrease in blood pressure, dizziness, fainting, and loss of consciousness occur. In this case, they talk about hypotension - a condition in which the tone of blood vessels and muscles decreases.

Arterial hypotension is indicated by a persistent decrease in pressure to 90/60 mm. rt. Art. and below. This condition is not considered life-threatening, but significantly worsens the patient’s well-being and reduces the patient’s quality of life.

Hypotension can be acute or chronic, and the main task of the specialist is to carefully examine the patient and select pills for low blood pressure. Medications for hypotension contain caffeine or other substances with a stimulating and tonic effect.

Treatment methods for hypotension largely depend on the factors that provoke the development of this condition. A persistent decrease in pressure can be caused by chronic diseases, neurocirculatory dystonia, stress, and problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, before prescribing a medication, the doctor must find out the main cause of this condition and first of all treat concomitant diseases.

Among the medications used to treat hypotension, the most common are the following medications:

All drugs intended to increase blood pressure have their own characteristics, contraindications, specific regimen and duration of administration. Therefore, only a specialist can prescribe them; you should not self-medicate, as this can lead to unwanted complications.

Watch the video: Blood pressure pills - benefit or harm? Do they also destroy joints?

Timely treatment of hypertension helps to significantly reduce mortality from cardiovascular complications. Let's consider the TOP frequently prescribed, most effective drugs for high blood pressure, which of them are considered the best and why, how to choose the right drug for hypertension - approximate prices for drugs.

Trade names of drugs

The quality and life expectancy of the patient depends on whether it is possible to reduce the pressure to the target level. When selecting a drug, the doctor takes into account the presence of:

risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Smoking, excess weight, alcohol abuse, a sedentary lifestyle, and consumption of large amounts of salt significantly increase the likelihood of developing myocardial infarction and stroke;
chronic diseases: pathologies of the kidneys, thyroid gland, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerotic vascular lesions;
heart condition;
previous myocardial infarction, stroke;
physiological characteristics of the body: old age, pregnancy;
possibility of drug interactions.

It will not be possible to choose an antihypertensive drug on your own, since the selection criteria are very individual and require special knowledge. A properly selected medicine must be both effective, safe, and appropriate to the patient’s health condition.

However, there are still certain patterns. We have prepared a list of the most effective drugs that help most patients lower blood pressure on their own.

Tablets for hypertension are divided into 8 pharmacological classes, forming two large groups of first-line drugs (prescribed first of all) and second-line - used for long-term therapy of certain groups of patients: pregnant women, patients with diabetes, the elderly.

First line medications are:

angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors);
diuretics;
calcium antagonists;
angiotensin II receptor inhibitors;
beta blockers.

Second line medications include:

alpha-blockers;
means of central action;
direct acting vasodilators.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

According to statistics, Russian doctors most often prescribe ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) to their patients. In addition to a well-defined antihypertensive effect, these drugs reduce the severity of hypertrophy (proliferation) of the left ventricle, prevent deterioration of the kidneys, and reduce the amount of protein excreted in the urine.

Angiotensin is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction. It is especially effective on the arteries of the kidneys. ACE inhibitors reduce the production of the hormone. A decrease in angiotensin concentration is accompanied by relaxation of vascular walls, dilation of arteries, and a decrease in high blood pressure.

Active substance	Trade name, analogues	price, rub.
Captopril	Kapoten	187-352
Captopril	Captopril	19-133
Lisinopril	Dapril	159-172
	Irumed	90-342
	Lisinopril	25-252
	Lisinoton	89-264
Fosinopril	Monopril	370-848
	Phosicard	99-559
	Fozinap	110-438
	Fosinopril	157-369
Enalapril	Enalapril	11-220
	Enam	18-138
	Enap	22-692
Perindopril	Prestarium	339
Perindopril	Perineva	464

Typical side effects of ACE inhibitors:

rash;
loss of taste;
constant dry, rough cough;
kidney pathology (rare).

Medicines in this group are contraindicated for women planning pregnancy; they can cause serious harm to the health of the mother and baby. In case of accidental conception, you should immediately seek help from a doctor.

Kapoten

Captopril is the most frequently prescribed ACE inhibitor; it is a fast-acting drug prescribed to relieve a hypertensive crisis. Like all emergency medications, it is not used for long-term treatment of hypertension.

has a fast effect;
improves blood supply to the kidneys, slows down the development of renal failure;
increases cardiac output;
improves sleep and emotional state of the patient;
patients with heart failure while taking captopril tolerate physical activity better, live longer, and feel better;
in patients with diabetes mellitus, it reduces the pulse.

needs to be taken frequently (up to 4 times/day);
not suitable for patients with hereditary or idiopathic angioedema, intolerance to ACE inhibitors, primary hyperaldosteronism, pregnant or lactating women.
caution is prescribed for acute kidney disease, the presence of a transplanted kidney, certain heart diseases, aortic stenosis, and elevated potassium levels.

Enalapril

An inexpensive blood pressure lowering drug that is widely used to treat arterial hypertension in the CIS countries.

has a fast effect;
convenient reception mode;
increases cardiac output;
improves renal blood flow;
reduces protein loss in urine in patients with nephropathy;
Long-term use is accompanied by better tolerance to physical activity and improves the condition of the heart muscle;
can be combined with other medications.

Contraindicated for people who have experienced angioedema, patients with porphyria, lactase deficiency or lactase intolerance, pregnant women, lactating women, children;
should not be prescribed to diabetics while taking aliskiren;
carefully prescribed for acute kidney disease, the presence of a transplanted kidney, coronary heart disease, as well as some other cardiac pathologies, aortic stenosis, elevated potassium levels, systemic lupus erythematosus, cerebral ischemia, liver failure;
not recommended for elderly people (over 65 years old);
requires special monitoring of health status if the patient is taking diuretics or immunosuppressants.

Diuretics: diuretics

The use of diuretics helps remove excess salt and water from the body. Diuretics are rarely used as monotherapy; they are used as adjuncts.

Undesirable effects from taking diuretics:

potassium deficiency (not all medications);
attacks of gout;
increased sugar levels;
impotence.

Veroshpiron

Refers to potassium-sparing diuretics.

does not remove potassium from the body;
can be prescribed over a long course;
Suitable for patients with severe heart failure.

slow action, pronounced effect appears on days 2-5;
inconsistent hypotensive effect;
the drug is contraindicated for people with Addison's disease, severe renal failure, pregnant women, and breastfeeding.

Indapamide

The only indication for prescribing indapamide is arterial hypertension.

the maximum hypotensive effect is observed after 24 hours;
during pregnancy, it is possible if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential harm to the fetus. FDA category of action on the fetus is b.

not suitable for long-term treatment;
promotes the excretion of potassium;
Contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular accidents and severe forms of liver failure.

Calcium antagonists

Calcium channel blockers prevent calcium ions from entering the muscle cells of the heart and arteries. Reducing calcium intake helps to switch the heart to a more gentle mode and relieves vascular spasm.

Active substance	Trade name, analogues	price, rub.
Amlodipine	Amlodipine	14-180
	Amlotop	75-214
	Cardilopin	177-568
	Norvask	291-966
	Tenox	156-550
Verapamil	Verapamil	25-195
Verapamil	Isoptin	343-489
Diltiazem	Diltiazem	58-530
Nifedipine	Cordaflex	88-150
Nifedipine	Nifecard	164-420
Cinnarizine	Stugeron	130-373
Cinnarizine	Cinnarizine	38-104

Possible undesirable consequences:

increased heart rate;
swelling of the ankles;
constipation;
headache;
dizziness.

Amlodipine

Amlodipine reduces the permeability of the lining of the muscular wall of the arteries, and to a lesser extent the heart. Therefore, the medicine perfectly resists vasospasm, and has minimal effect on the heart. By dilating the coronary vessels of the myocardium, it prevents the development of angina attacks.

long-term action (up to 24 hours);
improves blood supply to the myocardium, does not affect contractility and conductivity of the heart muscle;
reduces the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy;
prevents the formation of blood clots;
reduces mortality from myocardial infarction and stroke;
Suitable for asthmatics, diabetics, patients with gout.

not suitable for people with low blood pressure, severe aortic stenosis, unstable heart failure after myocardial infarction;
requires careful use in patients with liver failure, chronic heart failure, aortic/mitral stenosis, sick sinus syndrome, pregnant women, and lactating women.

Angiotensin II receptor inhibitors

The mechanism of action of antihypertensive drugs is to block the receptors necessary for the penetration of angiotensin into the cell. Reducing the permeability of the vascular wall to the hormone prevents the narrowing of the arteries, due to this the pressure does not increase.

Active substance	Trade names, analogues	price, rub.
Irbesartan	Aprovel	274-1087
Irbesartan	Irbesartan	268-698
Candesartan	Atakand	1700-4302
	Hyposart	153-655
	Candesartan	150-406
	Ordiss	105-713
Losartan	Blocktran	139-400
	Vasotens	65-404
	Kozaar	101-650
	Lozap	165-869
	Losartan	60-540
Telmisartan	Mikardis	420-1633
	Telzap	230-1350
	Telmista	245-772
	Telpres	182-710
Valsartan	Valz	204-566
	Valsartan	67-250
	Valsacor	153-794

Taking angiotensin receptor blockers may be accompanied by the following side effects:

dizziness;
death or pathology of fetal development.

Losartan

A typical representative of the Sartan group. Has a powerful anti-vasoconstrictor effect. A decrease in blood pressure occurs 6 hours after the first dose of the medicine. Regular use of the drug allows you to achieve a stable blood pressure level within 3-6 weeks from the start of treatment.

high efficiency, lasting effect;
does not block receptors of other hormones and ions;
is more effective than ACE inhibitors;
reduces mortality from cardiovascular diseases;
well tolerated by most patients.

should not be used by patients with severe liver dysfunction, lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, pregnant or lactating women;
requires careful administration to people with bilateral narrowing of the renal arteries, hyperkalemia, aortic or mitral stenosis, heart failure, which is accompanied by severe renal impairment;
high price.

Beta blockers

Beta blockers reduce blood pressure by blocking receptors of the same name. In addition to the hypotensive effect, they have the ability to reduce cardiac output and plasma renin activity. The tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension in patients with angina pectoris and certain types of arrhythmias.

Beta blockers are divided into cardioselective and cardiononselective. Cardioselective drugs act only on the receptors of the heart and arteries, and cardiononselective drugs act on the receptors of all organs. Therefore, taking the latter is accompanied by a large number of side effects and contraindications.

Active substance	Trade name, analogues	price, rub.
Atenolol	Atenolol	14-34
	Tenoric	154-165
	Tenorox	122-133
Bisoprolol	Aritel	53-202
	Bidop	79-769
	Bisoprolol	48-275
	Concor	269-615
	Niperten	160-381
Metoprolol	Metocard	51-92
	Metoprolol	23-98
	Egilok	86-165
Propranolol	Anaprilin	15-80

The main side effects of beta blockers are:

insomnia;
cold hands, feet;
depression, depression;
slow heartbeat;
asthma symptoms;
impotence.

Metoprolol

Metoprolol is a cardioselective beta blocker. Taking metoprolol reduces the need for oxygen in the heart muscle, improves myocardial blood circulation and oxygen absorption.

quick effect;
reduces mortality from cardiovascular disease among men with mild or moderate hypertension;
the use of the drug during myocardial infarction reduces mortality and reduces the likelihood of developing a recurrent heart attack;
less non-selective beta blockers affect insulin synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism;
Prescription for pregnant women is allowed;
good tolerance.

must be taken 2-4 times/day;
a large number of contraindications.

Alpha blockers

They are used quite rarely due to the large number of side effects. Taking alpha-blockers increases the likelihood of developing heart failure, stroke, and sudden death. Their fundamental difference from drugs of other groups is their ability to positively influence fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, the target audience of alpha-blockers is hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia.