Ovarian dysfunction: reproductive period, menopause, how to treat and how to get pregnant, folk remedies. Is it possible to get pregnant with one ovary

It is worth listing the most characteristic symptoms of ovarian dysfunction. These will be irregular periods - too plentiful or very scarce, excessive bleeding is possible in the intermenstrual cycle. The irregularity of the cycle will be marked by delays - over 35 days of absence of menstruation. A woman will be overcome by pain in the lower abdomen, especially when menstruation is about to come or has already begun. The premenstrual syndrome itself will not go unnoticed for a woman - lethargy, changes in mood, emotional instability, apathy or nervousness, increased fatigue, general malaise - this is what these days will be marked by. However, such an ailment is terrible not only for this. With ovarian dysfunction, amenorrhea also occurs - a condition when menstrual bleeding is not observed for more than six months. Moreover, if the ovaries fail, ovulation and egg maturation are disrupted - and this threatens.

Of course, if such symptoms are detected, a woman should consult a specialist. Moreover, this disease is often the result of more serious ailments - the formation of malignant tumors or development. For women older than forty, ovarian failure may indicate mastopathy, uterine fibroids, or even breast cancer. Experts identify the following causes of ovarian dysfunction:

• Diseases and inflammations occurring in the uterus, appendages or the ovaries themselves. Often, a provocation for the development of pathogenic processes is non-compliance with intimate hygiene, promiscuity (when infection with sexually transmitted diseases is possible), a cold or hypothermia.
• Dysfunction of the endocrine system.
• Abortion. It is a mistake to believe that abortion will pass without a trace for health. Having directed all the forces to the development and bearing of pregnancy, the body does not have time to reorganize in the right way if a woman terminates the pregnancy. As a result, hormonal function is restored late or inadequately. Miscarriages, ectopic pregnancy can also disrupt the activity of the ovaries.
• Incorrectly positioned and selected intrauterine device.
• Less common factors are uncontrolled intake of medications, radiation therapy, a state of constant stress, excessive physical activity, and a sharp change in climate.

Treatment of ovarian dysfunction takes place according to the following scheme. Firstly, the symptoms that threaten women's health are eliminated - the cessation of bleeding, the reduction of pain syndromes. The following measures will be able to normalize the hormonal background and resume the menstrual cycle. When choosing a treatment, a competent doctor will take into account the age of the patient, her well-being and the cause of the disease. It will take several months of therapy, after which you can think about pregnancy. Only after the onset of a normal cycle can you plan. Of course, a pregnant woman who has recently treated ovarian dysfunction will not do without medical supervision. It is important to pay attention to the normalization of lifestyle, a balanced diet, the inclusion of physical activity. Perhaps a woman will need physiotherapy or even psychotherapy.

Every woman who consciously approaches the issue of motherhood is very upset when such a desired pregnancy does not occur in the first months. Even more excitement and unpleasant emotions are caused by the absence of the cherished two strips on the test after a year of active attempts to get pregnant. Obstacle of pregnancy is most often ovarian dysfunction. The symptoms of this disease can be determined even on your own, however, in order to confirm the diagnosis, determine the cause of its occurrence and receive effective treatment, it is recommended to consult a doctor. Dysfunction in women of childbearing age in modern gynecological practice is considered one of the most common pathologies.

Is it possible to get pregnant with ovarian dysfunction? Without proper treatment, it is almost impossible to get pregnant with such a diagnosis.

Why can't you get pregnant with ovarian dysfunction?

Incorrect work of at least one ovary leads to the fact that a woman cannot become pregnant. Symptoms such as irregular or long menstrual cycles, frequent mood swings, pain in the lower abdomen are an alarming bell that may indicate that the ovaries are not working properly. In this case, the absence of ovulation is likely, without which it is impossible to get pregnant. Even if it was possible to conceive a child with a malfunction of the ovaries, there is a high probability that the pregnancy will end in a miscarriage. Miscarriage is also often a consequence of the malfunction of the ovaries. Most often, such violations are caused by hormonal disruptions that do not allow the eggs to prepare for conception or to fix the embryo on the walls of the uterus. Faced with such a problem, it is recommended to start solving it as soon as possible in order to prevent such a terrible diagnosis as infertility.

How to conceive a child with ovarian dysfunction?

If earlier this diagnosis left the dream of children unfulfilled, for modern women it is not a sentence. The drugs used in medical practice allow the ovaries to return to working condition. In order for pregnancy to occur, it is important to undergo a thorough examination and find out the cause of the dysfunction. To do this, the patient is examined with the fixation of all complaints, ultrasound diagnostics, sampling of material for analysis, determination of the hormonal background. Diagnostics of the work of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland and pelvic organs is mandatory. If inflammation or a hormonal imbalance that can be adjusted with drugs is found, the chance that a woman will be able to conceive a baby in the near future is quite high.

With a significant violation of the hormonal background, intensive hormone therapy, which consists in stimulating ovulation, will help to conceive a child. Only by achieving ovulation, you can get a positive result. Ovulation stimulation schemes can be different. When prescribing drugs, the doctor takes into account the general health of the patient, the symptoms of the disease and the results of tests for hormones and infections. Hormonal preparations, which are selected individually, are usually taken from the fifth to the ninth day of the cycle. After this, treatment with progesterone is often prescribed.

Note: To increase the chance of pregnancy in the cycle in which stimulation is performed, you can regularly monitor the growth of follicles on ultrasound. During ultrasound diagnostics, the day is determined when the size of the follicle and endometrium becomes optimal for conception.

At this stage, a patient with ovarian dysfunction is given intravenous hCG. This hormonal medication helps to achieve the onset of the luteal phase in the menstrual cycle. Then drugs are usually prescribed to help the body of the expectant mother produce progesterone.

If pregnancy does not occur in the first month after stimulation, a woman must control the onset of ovulation over the next three cycles. This can be done with an ultrasound or through ovulation tests and basal temperature measurements at home. Ovulation stimulation is considered by far the fastest and most effective treatment for ovarian dysfunction. After properly conducted stimulation, it is most often possible to regulate the menstrual cycle and achieve a long-awaited pregnancy.

What is the danger of ovarian dysfunction during pregnancy?

Many women who have managed to achieve ovulation and pregnancy think that their trips to the doctor are over and you can relax. In reality, this is not so. Even stimulation and hormone therapy do not guarantee that a woman will be able to carry a baby without losing it in the early stages. To prevent a miscarriage due to hormonal disorders, doctors monitor the condition of the pregnant woman throughout the nine months of gestation. This allows you to prevent factors that can provoke a miscarriage. During pregnancy, additional hormonal drugs are often prescribed that will regulate the background and eliminate the threat of abortion. To conceive a child with malfunctioning ovaries, to endure and give birth to a healthy baby is real! To do this, you need to be patient, undergo an examination and follow the doctor's prescriptions.

Ovarian dysfunction is not a disease, but a syndrome accompanied by a complex of disorders in the female reproductive system. The ovaries are an organ that simultaneously belongs to the endocrine and reproductive systems responsible for the conception and birth of a child. That is, we can say that dysfunction implies improper functioning of the ovaries, improper performance of their natural function.

The main sign that allows you to suspect dysfunction in a woman is a violation of menstrual function. This is reflected in the cycle. For some women, it can be much longer than normal, for others it can be shorter. Most often, an extended menstrual period is 31 days, shortened - about 21 days. Normally, menstruation occurs on the 28th day of the cycle.

The duration of the cycle may also change. Normally, menstruation lasts from 3 to 7 days. In this case, bleeding should be moderate. Normally, about 100-150 ml is released. If your period lasts more than 7 days, it may be a sign of dysfunction. It is also not normal if the menstruation lasts less than 3 days - this is also not normal.

With dysfunction, the amount of blood lost can change. In some cases, menstruation can be profuse when more than 150 ml of blood is released. Or they may be scarce. With scanty menstruation, less than 100 ml is excreted.

With a more advanced form, uterine bleeding may occur. They are unnatural, dysfunctional. Also, a pronounced premenstrual syndrome may indicate a violation.

If left untreated, it can end with endometriosis, various tumors of the breast, uterus. Cancerous tumors may also develop. The end result is infertility.

ovarian dysfunction syndrome

The syndrome can manifest itself in different ways: from minor pain and menstrual irregularities to heavy bleeding, complete amenorrhea.

The consequences may also be different. The main consequence is infertility, in which a woman is not able to become pregnant. And this is not surprising, because in the process of ovarian dysfunction, the entire hormonal background of a woman completely changes. The menstrual cycle goes astray, hormones cease to be produced, which ensure the full maturation of the egg and its release. Ovulation does not occur, the egg cannot be fertilized.

All this can be accompanied by inflammatory processes, the spread of infection not only through the genitals, but also further throughout the body, undermining its protective properties.

ICD-10 code

E28 Ovarian dysfunction

Epidemiology

We can talk about ovarian dysfunction syndrome if a woman has at least once manifested at least one of the symptoms that could indicate dysfunction.

Ovarian dysfunction syndrome can be diagnosed in every second woman of the reproductive period, and in every third woman of the menopause.

In adolescent girls, uterine bleeding occurs in 5-10% of cases.

In most patients, dysfunction is a consequence of hormonal disorders, inflammatory or infectious processes (in 59%). In 25% of women, dysfunction is the result of abortion, medical termination of pregnancy.

Without treatment, in 56% of cases it ends in infertility, in 21% - malignant and benign tumors.

After completing the full course of treatment, ovulation stimulation, 48% of women can become pregnant on their own and carry a healthy baby. In 31% of cases, women can become pregnant, but bearing is associated with numerous difficulties.

Causes of ovarian dysfunction

The most important cause of dysfunction is a hormonal disorder, in which the normal ratio of hormones is disturbed. Some of them can be produced in excessive quantities, others - in insufficient quantities. In addition, the causes of dysfunction may be such violations:

• the development of an inflammatory process in the female genital organs: in the uterus, ovaries, appendages. Inflammation can develop for many reasons. Most often, the cause is an infection that can penetrate in two ways: external or internal. Externally, the infection enters the reproductive organs through unprotected sexual intercourse, if the rules of personal hygiene are not followed. When the infection penetrates internally, the infection can penetrate through the lymph and blood from another source. For example, if a person is sick with colds, inflammatory diseases;
• the inflammatory process can develop in violation of the normal microflora of the genital organs. Usually, the microflora is disturbed when the body is weakened, after suffering colds, with hypothermia. Often this is observed after a course of antibiotic therapy;
• the presence of various benign and malignant tumors, injuries of the ovaries, uterus, severe diseases;
• comorbidities, dysfunction of other glands of external and internal secretion, various congenital and acquired diseases, metabolic disorders, including: obesity, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus;
• nervous strain, numerous stresses, mental trauma, constant physical and mental stress, overwork, non-compliance with the regime of work and rest, malnutrition;
• spontaneous or artificial termination of pregnancy. Artificial interruption is especially dangerous in any form, both in medical abortion and in medical interruption. Early and late miscarriages can also have negative effects on hormonal levels. All this usually ends with long-term dysfunction, which develops into chronic ovarian dysfunction. The result is usually infertility;
• incorrect setting of the intrauterine device. It must be put only under the supervision of a physician;
• various external factors, such as a sharp change in climate, relocation, a change in lifestyle, can have a significant impact;
• the action of drugs, chemicals, toxins, radioactive substances.

In most cases, even if a woman had impaired ovarian function at least once, we can state the presence of dysfunction. Subsequently, this may become a prerequisite for the development of persistent disorders.

Stress and ovarian dysfunction

Constant stress, fatigue, nervous and mental strain, lack of sleep can cause hormonal disorders, ovarian dysfunction.

Dysfunction is often associated with stress during moving, with a sharp change in living conditions, climate change. Sometimes dysfunction can also be observed as a result of stress: for example, after an experienced nervous shock, death of a loved one, divorce, accident.

Ovarian dysfunction after abortion

Abortion is the cause of the most serious violations of the reproductive system. Especially if the abortion was done during the first pregnancy. During the first pregnancy, all the changes that occur in the woman's body are aimed at ensuring the bearing of the child. This process is produced by intensive synthesis of hormonal substances.

With an abortion, this process stops abruptly. Synthesis goes sharply in the opposite direction. There is an intensive increase in the level of adrenaline, norepinephrine. After this, an intensive synthesis of glucocorticoid hormones of the adrenal glands occurs. This causes severe hormonal stress, disruption of the normal functioning of the ovaries. In the work of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, ovaries there is a sharp failure, which is sometimes impossible to restore.

After an abortion, ovarian dysfunction usually develops, which is primarily manifested by amenorrhea. Usually menstrual function is not restored for a rather long period, approximately 1 to 3 menstrual cycles. Often amenorrhea is accompanied by inflammatory and infectious processes, which significantly complicates the further recovery of the body. During inflammation, cells die, tissues are reborn.

The main danger is that the cells responsible for the synthesis of estrogen undergo degeneration and death. Accordingly, their secretory activity decreases, they produce less and less sex hormones. The result may be the development of a stable estrogen deficiency, which can lead to dystrophic processes in the uterine mucosa. The level of proliferative processes decreases sharply, a pathological process is observed in the endometrium, the cycle becomes irregular. As a result, the likelihood of further pregnancy is minimized.

Ovarian dysfunction after medical abortion

Medical termination of pregnancy is considered a safer type of abortion. With this method, a woman is prescribed special pills. This leads to the fact that a woman has a miscarriage, like a natural miscarriage. In this case, the embryo is torn off the walls of the uterus, and through the genitals it is brought out.

This type of abortion is no less dangerous, it can have many complications and negative consequences. In order to minimize the risk of the procedure, you need to perform it exclusively under the supervision of doctors. Such an abortion can only be done up to 49 days of pregnancy, inclusive.

The consequences can be quite serious. The drugs themselves pose a certain risk. The composition of the drugs includes synthetic steroid hormones that block the production of progesterone. Progesterone is responsible for pregnancy and fetal development. Thus, pregnancy becomes impossible, the uterus rejects the fetus.

In addition, hormones violate the state of the hormonal background, disrupt metabolic processes, microflora. All this can be accompanied by inflammatory and infectious processes. As a result, the overall metabolism is disturbed. This leads to ovarian dysfunction, other disorders in the reproductive system. The most dangerous complication is infertility.

Risk factors

Various diseases of an inflammatory nature, as well as infectious processes, are considered as the main risk factors. First of all, such pathological processes occur in the reproductive system. People with a tendency to obesity, overweight people, or people with dystrophy are more at risk of developing dystrophic processes. Patients with reduced immunity, with impaired metabolic processes, are more at risk of developing ovarian dysfunction.

An important risk factor is abortion at any time, medical termination of pregnancy. People exposed to stress, physical and mental stress, are more prone to dysfunction.

A special group consists of those patients who have impaired endocrine function. This is especially true of the adrenal glands, the thyroid gland and any other glands of internal and external secretion. If the activity of at least one gland is impaired, the risk of developing ovarian dysfunction increases significantly, since it is closely dependent on all other glands.

Pathogenesis

Normally, the activity of the ovaries is regulated by the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland. If their ratio is violated, then the normal ovarian cycle, during which ovulation occurs, is also violated.

Dysfunction is a consequence of a violation of the ratio of these hormones. First of all, this is a consequence of incorrect regulatory processes on the part of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Also, the amount of estrogen increases significantly, the amount of progesterone decreases. This often ends with anovulation, when ovulation does not occur. Accordingly, menstrual irregularities occur.

Pregnancy does not occur, because the amount of estrogen drops sharply, and the level of progesterone is completely reduced to a minimum.

Symptoms of ovarian dysfunction

The main symptom indicating ovarian dysfunction is menstrual dysfunction. These disorders are based on high levels of estrogen and low levels of progesterone. The following symptoms may also indicate dysfunction:

• irregular menstruation that occurs at indefinite intervals. They can be significantly delayed, or come much later than the due date. The intensity of discharge, the duration of the menstruation itself also changes significantly. If menstruation has become very scarce, or vice versa, excessively intense, this is a serious cause for concern. Menstruation can last from 1 day, which is not normal, or it can be delayed up to 7 days, or more, which also cannot be called the norm;
• in the period between menstruation, bleeding may occur, or discharge of a different nature;
• indisputable cause for concern is the inability to become pregnant, various options for infertility, miscarriages, miscarriage, premature birth. The reason is, first of all, a violation of the processes of egg maturation and ovulation;
• pain in the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, other organs related to the reproductive system. Pain pulling, aching, dull any localization. Pain in the chest, abdomen. Poor health, apathy, weakness;
• severe, painful premenstrual syndrome, which manifests itself in the form of lethargy, pain, heaviness in the abdomen, bloating, chest pain. Can hurt and pull the lower back. There is also increased irritability, excitability, tearfulness, sudden mood swings;
• in due time, menstruation may not occur, but pain, discharge in the form of blood, clots, or mucus will be observed at this time;
• menstruation can be completely absent for quite a long period, even up to six months.

The first warning sign that you need to pay attention to is a violation of the menstrual cycle. Even the most harmless lengthening or shortening of the duration of menstruation can lead to such serious consequences as infertility, tumors. Even excessive discharge should cause concern, or vice versa, too small.

If the premenstrual period is pronounced, mental, nervous disorders occur, pain is observed. The most alarming early sign is the development of bleeding between periods. If early signs of dysfunction are detected, you should immediately consult a doctor.

pain

Dysfunction may be accompanied by pain. They may have a different character. It can be dull, sharp pains. They are usually observed in the premenstrual period. Most often, pain occurs 2-3 days before the onset of menstruation.

Sometimes there may be pain in the lower abdomen, which manifest itself at any time, without reference to menstruation. All this can be accompanied by chest pain, headaches.

Discharge in ovarian dysfunction

Discharge may accompany dysfunction at various times. They can be both during menstruation and in the intermenstrual period. Most often, the discharge is bloody, and they may also contain clots. Mucous, white discharge is noted. They may be delayed. Particularly intense discharge makes itself felt during the period when ovulation occurs, or presumably should have occurred.

Ovarian dysfunction in adolescents

When dysfunctions occur in adolescence, changes occur in the mucous membrane, uterus. The main cause of the pathology is a violation of the connection between the ovaries and the parts of the brain that regulate ovarian function. Such a violation is due to the immaturity and immaturity of the connection between the ovaries and the brain.

The main manifestation is uterine bleeding. If the adolescent does not receive proper treatment, persistent pathological changes in the endometrium may occur. Dysfunction can be triggered by inflammatory and infectious diseases, hypothermia, acute respiratory infections.

Psychosomatics for ovarian dysfunction

The ovaries are paired female organs that show their activity in two areas at once. They function as part of the reproductive system, and as one of the endocrine glands that synthesizes and releases hormones into the blood. Ovarian dysfunction can be the cause of many psychosomatic diseases, and is a consequence of various mental conditions.

First of all, the ovaries are related to femininity, therefore it is on them that all the problems associated with the manifestation of femininity, the ability to have children are reflected in the first place. All thoughts and mental states of a woman are closely connected with the ovaries through vibration. Most often, a woman is worried about uncertainty, underestimation of her own strengths and skills. These emotions often oppress a woman, suppress her mental state. Severe stress, nervous shock also lead to impaired ovarian function.

Is it possible to get pregnant with ovarian dysfunction

If a woman does not ovulate, then there is no possibility of getting pregnant. If it occurs irregularly, the likelihood of pregnancy remains. Usually in such cases, it occurs immediately after the restoration of the normal menstrual cycle.

But now the possibilities of medicine have expanded significantly. Now a woman with dysfunction may well become pregnant, endure and give birth to a healthy child. Only pregnancy needs to be planned. It will be necessary to conduct a course of treatment, and additional stimulation of ovulation. The process is lengthy, so be patient. You also need to consider that there is a possibility that problems may arise during pregnancy and childbirth. Therefore, you should always consult with your doctor.

Ovarian dysfunction after childbirth

After childbirth, natural ovarian dysfunction may be observed for some time. This is due to a change in the hormonal background, the adaptation of the mother's body to lactation, a hormonal surge during childbirth.

Ovarian dysfunction during lactation

Normally, menstrual function should be restored within a few months after childbirth. But it may not recover if the mother is breastfeeding. Whether this is the norm, or treatment is necessary, only a doctor can say, since a conclusion can only be made on the basis of an examination and the results of hormone tests.

Too intense menstruation can also indicate dysfunction. Normally, the amount of blood released should not exceed 100-150 ml.

Bleeding

Ovarian dysfunction is often accompanied by bleeding. They can occur both in the premenstrual period and during the menstruation itself. Usually, bleeding can be recognized by the release of red blood, a thinner consistency than during normal menstruation. Mostly uterine bleeding occurs. You can talk about uterine bleeding in the case when bleeding occurs from the uterus, outside of menstruation. It usually lasts more than 7 days. This process has nothing to do with tumors and inflammation. It is usually caused by hormonal disorders, as a result of which the relationship between the cerebral cortex, ovaries, and uterus is disrupted. Such bleeding is often observed during puberty. This is explained by the fact that the links between these structures are not sufficiently formed.

Much less often, bleeding occurs in the reproductive period, even less often in the menopause. In most cases, the picture looks like this: there is a delay in menstruation for a sufficiently long period. Then comes heavy menstruation, which gradually turns into bleeding.

Psychologists have noticed an interesting fact: uterine bleeding is usually observed in girls and women who have strictly defined character traits. So, if a woman is constantly worried, worries, exposes herself to excessive introspection and self-criticism, she develops a tendency to bleed. At the physiological level, this is quite simple to explain: such character traits make a woman constantly nervous and tense. They are stress factors that disrupt the activity of the immune and endocrine systems.

Forms

Hormonal ovarian dysfunction

Hormonal dysfunction refers to a violation of the cycle of menstruation. As the name implies, the cause is a violation of the hormonal system. The problem can be a separate symptom as part of a syndrome, disease, or it can act as an independent pathology. It can also be a comorbidity with other diseases.

Also a sign that indicates that the dysfunction is of a hormonal nature is the presence of pain, and their manifestation at least 1 week before the onset of menstruation. Also, a distinctive feature is that the period of menstruation increases significantly, and spotting appears in the interval.

Reproductive ovarian dysfunction

In the reproductive age, dysfunction is the most dangerous, since it entails the inability to become pregnant and bear a child. The reproductive period, as you know, is the main period when the childbearing function of a woman should be realized. Dysfunction can occur for various reasons.

The pathogenesis is based on a violation of the normal ratio of hormones. This entails a violation of the menstrual cycle, the absence of ovulation. Consequently, the inability of the egg to fertilize develops. When planning pregnancy, treatment and additional stimulation of ovulation are carried out.

In addition to menstrual irregularities, intermittent bleeding, abdominal pain, excessive hair growth, or hair loss, may also occur. Hair can grow in the place where hair growth is not characteristic of women. For example, a beard, mustache may appear. All this can be accompanied by a rash on the face, body.

Climacteric ovarian dysfunction

This is a dysfunction that occurs during menopause. Accompanied by intense pain, fatigue. The mood is changeable, apathy is observed. If ovulation is absent, this can contribute to accelerated aging, the development of inflammatory, infectious diseases, and tumors.

Anovular ovarian dysfunction

Anovular dysfunction refers to female infertility associated with the absence of ovulation.

Dysfunction is accompanied by irregular ovulation. Sometimes ovulation may not occur at all. If there is no ovulation, we can talk about female infertility. However, this pathology can be treated quite effectively. Treatment is quite long. Strict adherence to all doctor's recommendations is required. You also need to be patient, since the treatment takes a lot, strict control is necessary.

If menstruation is irregular, first of all, it is necessary to stabilize it, to bring it back to normal. In order to be able to get pregnant, you need to stimulate ovulation.

Unspecified ovarian dysfunction

Implies ovarian dysfunction, etiology (cause) remains unclear.

Dysfunction of the right, left ovary

It is a dysfunction of one of the ovaries. The left ovary is most commonly affected.

Hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction

If the hormonal system is disturbed in the body, various failures, pathologies, and the development of diseases can be expected. In violation of ovarian function, the development of gynecological diseases most often occurs. A known disease is hyperandrogenism, in which the activity of the endocrine glands is sharply disrupted. There is a production of male hormones (androgens), while minimizing the synthesis of female hormones (estrogens). As a result, male facial features dominate. There is hair growth on the face and body. The voice takes on coarser, masculine features. The figure is changing: the hips are significantly reduced, the shoulders are expanding.

Changes concern not only the body, but also the reproductive system. The connection between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries is disrupted. Adrenal function often changes.

The danger of the disease lies in the fact that there is a complete blockage of the production of female hormones - estrogens. As a result, the maturation of the follicles is also disrupted. Ovulation is reduced to a minimum, may gradually disappear altogether.

Ovarian dysfunction by the type of immature follicles

Means ovarian dysfunction, in which the maturation of follicles is impaired. There is no ovulation. The main cause of this pathology is a violation of the functions of the endometrium, a violation of the relationship in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal system.

Complications and consequences

The most dangerous complication of dysfunction is infertility. Also, if the dysfunction is not treated, the risk of developing tumors, including malignant, hormonal disruptions, increases. This leads to various diseases, biochemical disorders, obesity, or vice versa, dystrophy. Neuropsychiatric pathologies may develop.

Diagnosis of ovarian dysfunction

Diagnosis of dysfunction is carried out by a gynecologist-endocrinologist. There can be many reasons for dysfunction, so there are also many diagnostic methods. The gynecologist interrogates, examines the patient, prescribes tests. The diagnosis is based on laboratory and instrumental studies, which are carried out according to an individual scheme.

Ovarian dysfunction test

A routine pregnancy test for ovarian dysfunction may show a positive result despite not being pregnant. This is a false positive result.

But in some cases, a pregnancy test can show a negative result. Therefore, this method cannot be considered a reliable diagnostic method, but you should immediately consult a doctor.

Analyzes

The traditional analysis is microscopic examination of vaginal discharge. This analysis is always taken during a gynecological examination. It makes it possible to identify infections, determine the predominant microflora, detect tumor cells, if any. Also, a smear makes it possible to determine the presence of inflammatory reactions.

If there is a suspicion of a tumor, additional tests are performed: hysteroscopy, biopsy. During this study, the uterine cavity is scraped out, a piece of the endometrium is taken for further histological examination. A biopsy allows you to take a miniature piece of the tumor. Then it is sown on special nutrient media. Within a few days, the type of tumor can be determined by the nature and rate of growth: it is malignant or benign. By the direction of growth, it is possible to determine the likely directions of its growth in the body, the likelihood of occurrence and the direction of metastases. This gives accurate results on the basis of which treatment can be selected.

If you suspect hormonal disorders, take a blood test for hormones. You may also need a blood test, urine, feces, bacteriological cultures, a study on dysbacteriosis, a detailed immunogram. It all depends on the symptoms of the disease.

Instrumental diagnostics

The diagnosis can be made using ultrasound diagnostics (ultrasound), X-ray. The most common x-ray of the skull. You may need magnetic resonance or computed tomography, an electroencephalogram of the brain, and other studies.

Ultrasound for ovarian dysfunction

With ovarian dysfunction, ultrasound is one of the most informative research methods. The ovaries, uterus, abdominal cavity, liver are subjected to research. This method is appointed one of the first. Often it is with its help that you can determine the appropriate treatment.

Differential Diagnosis

Dysfunction must be differentiated from a number of diseases: from infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ovaries and other genital organs. This can be done with a gynecological examination and a vaginal smear. Next, you need to exclude tumors, oncology. This requires a cytological examination of the smear. For greater accuracy, a biopsy is used.

Treatment of ovarian dysfunction

For the treatment of ovarian dysfunction, complex treatment is always used. It follows the protocol, approximately in the same algorithm. First work with emergencies. If there is bleeding, stop it first. Then they find and eliminate the cause that caused this condition. And finally, after that they proceed to the restoration of the hormonal background, the normalization of the menstrual cycle.

Treatment is usually done on an outpatient basis, but hospitalization may sometimes be required.

Etiological therapy aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease is considered more effective.

Medications

For dysfunction, various medications are taken. In most cases, they are hormonal in nature, so they should be used strictly under the supervision of a doctor. For some drugs, you may need constant monitoring with an ultrasound scan.

It is dangerous to take uncontrolled drugs based on hormones, since ovarian hyperstimulation, a further violation of the hormonal background, may manifest itself. Tumors may develop.

Duphaston

hCG

HCG is human chorionic gonadotropin. Under natural conditions, it provides stimulation of the transition of the menstrual cycle into the luteal phase. If dysfunction occurs, this hormone is not produced enough. For this reason, the follicles do not mature.

If a woman is planning a pregnancy, it is necessary to stimulate the maturation of the follicles. This is done by administering hCG. The term of application of this remedy is approximately 3 menstrual cycles.

Utrozhestan

Refers to progesterone preparations. The course dose for one menstrual cycle is 200-300 mg. It is taken in one or two doses during the day.

Dimia

Refers to oral contraceptives. Tablets are taken continuously for 28 days, 1 tablet per day. Contribute to the normalization of the menstrual cycle. Take under medical supervision.

Taking postinor for ovarian dysfunction

This drug is not recommended for ovarian dysfunction. It contains an increased dosage of hormones and can cause an inflammatory process, increase dysfunction.

Metformin

The drug has been widely used in the United States. Works well for dysfunctions, polycystic. In Russia, it is rarely used. It is an oral hypoglycemic agent. Dosage can vary widely and is related to blood glucose levels.

The dose of the drug is set by the doctor individually, depending on the level of glucose in the blood. The initial dose is 500-1000 mg / day (1-2 tablets). After 10-15 days, a further gradual increase in dose is possible depending on the level of blood glucose. The maintenance dose of the drug is usually 1500-2000 mg / day. (3-4 tab.). The maximum dose is 3000 mg / day (6 tablets).

vitamins

• Vitamin C - 500-100 mg
• Vitamin D - 35045 mg
• Vitamin B - 3-4 mcg.

Physiotherapy treatment

Any physiotherapeutic effect has a positive effect on dysfunction. Ovaries are treated with ultrasound, electrophoresis, electromagnetic therapy. Electrophoresis provides better absorption of drugs. The procedures make it possible to improve blood circulation in the ovary, normalize the functional state of the body.

Alternative treatment

For the treatment of dysfunction, a decoction of odorous rue has long been used. To do this, make a decoction of about a glass, which is then drunk throughout the day. For such a volume, an average of 15 g of grass will be required.

If during menstruation, or some time before it begins, there is irritability, nervousness, sudden mood changes, depression, then a decoction of peppermint helps well. Peppermint is good for women as it contains female hormones. Mint is used as a decoction. It is recommended to brew about 500 ml of herbs in the morning, and drink all this volume during the day. It can also be used as an additive in tea. Add to taste.

With painful menstruation, inflammatory processes in the genitals, it is recommended to use a decoction of chamomile. The method of application is similar to that described above. It can be drunk as a decoction, or used as an additive to tea.

Gooseberry juice has a positive effect on the female reproductive system. Enough 30 g per day to maintain the normal state of the ovaries. You can also eat gooseberries in their pure form. Helps with various bleeding.

Honey treatment

Honey has a positive effect on the body of a woman. It contains antioxidants that relieve the inflammatory process, prevent the spread of infection, and normalize hormonal levels. Honey can be used in its pure form, added to herbal decoctions and infusions.

Leeches in the treatment of ovarian dysfunction

Piyak treatment is one of the oldest methods of treatment and healing of the body. When using leeches, a high therapeutic activity is manifested in relation to the ovaries, uterine fibroids, cysts.

The mechanism of action of leeches is presented as follows: they stick to the surface of the skin, bite through it, inject anesthesia. Along with anesthesia, anticoagulants, substances that reduce blood clotting, enter the bloodstream. They also improve blood circulation, promote the resorption of tumors, and relieve inflammation. Leeches can eliminate the consequences of abortions, eliminate adhesions on the organs.

This type of therapy has practically no contraindications, except in cases where a person has hemophilia, reduced clotting. Also, the procedure is contraindicated in cases of suspected malignant tumors.

Herbal treatment

For herbal treatment, hemp seed milk is used. It is effective in combating uterine bleeding, pain. For consumption, you need to take no more than 5 g of seeds and dilute in a glass of water. Drink a glass twice a day.

The fruits of walnut or forest cedar are also effective. Usually used as an infusion. Fruits are poured with vodka or alcohol. Insist for a month, apply about a glass daily.

Boron uterus with ovarian dysfunction

The upland uterus is a plant that has been used for a long time in folk medicine. Around 2003, it was officially recognized as a drug for the treatment of female infertility and diseases in the field of gynecology. Application found the ground part of the plant: leaves, stems, flowers. It is used in various forms, but most often in the form of decoctions or infusions.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic medicines have proven themselves as a means for the treatment of various gynecological diseases, disorders, including the treatment of dysfunction. There are practically no side effects. However, precautions still need to be observed. Firstly, these funds should be used only after prior consultation with a doctor, and secondly, they should be taken at a strictly set time, which is determined by the phase of the menstrual cycle. You always need to control the level of hormones.

• Collection number 1. For painful menstruation

If menstruation is painful, or pain occurs before it occurs, it is better to take homeopathic preparations. A decoction of linden leaves, mint and lemon balm relieves pain well. This collection can be brewed in arbitrary quantities, and drunk throughout the day. If the pain is minor, the collection can be used as an additive to tea.

• Collection number 2. For irregular menstruation

• Collection number 3. With scanty menstruation (hypomenorrhea)

A decoction is prepared from 15 g of a collection consisting of nettle leaves, stevia leaves. The resulting broth is filtered, drink about 1.5 - 2 liters. per day, instead of water and any other liquid.

• Collection number 4. With hyperminorrhoea (abundant uterine bleeding)

A decoction of a mixture of shepherd's purse and white mistletoe can be used. Consume no more than 1 glass per day. Better in the evening. 15 g of the mixture is enough for a glass.

Surgery

In addition to medical, folk methods, there is also a surgical method. This is an extreme method, which is resorted to only if other methods do not work. The type of intervention required is determined by the type of pathology and the characteristics of the neuroendocrine disorder.

In many cases, there is no need for an open abdominal operation. Enough laparoscopic method. Cauterization is a unique method in gynecology. During this operation, pinholes are made on the ovary, this ensures the release of the egg during the period of ovulation. In the near future after the operation, pregnancy is desirable.

The ovaries are vital female organs that regulate the menstrual and ovulatory cycles. If their functioning is disturbed, the whole organism suffers. The phenomenon is not independent, but arises as a result of certain pathological processes. The endocrine system has always been one of the most mysterious areas, but modern medicine has managed to find answers to many pressing questions.

Ovarian dysfunction: what is it

A condition in which the female organs stop working normally is not an independent pathology. Ovarian dysfunction is a medical term that characterizes a complex of symptoms. The syndrome can develop at any age. The environment plays a huge role in shaping this process. The main clinical sign is bleeding in the uterus, failure of the ovarian cycle. In women, hormonal dysfunction is observed, infertility may occur.

Ovarian dysfunction: causes

The causes of ovarian dysfunction in women are external, as well as internal:

• pathology of the pituitary gland;
• somatic diseases;
• decrease in the efficiency of the brain;
• diseases of the genitourinary sphere;
• insufficient production of thyroid hormones or hyperfunction;
• external factors - stress, bad habits, poor sleep, exhaustion of the body.

Reproductive ovarian dysfunction

Pathology leads to the fact that the ovular system ceases to function, which is manifested by the inability to conceive a child. The condition in this period of the patient's life threatens with serious health consequences, up to the development of malignant processes. Ovarian dysfunction of the reproductive period occurs even in adolescents. The pituitary gland and hypothalamus cease to function normally. Characterized by such signs as the absence of menstruation or the wrong cycle.

Climacteric ovarian dysfunction

During the premenopausal period, the syndrome makes itself felt with abundant bloody discharge, which is due to changes in the endometrial tissues in the uterus. The cause of this phenomenon may be tumor formation. Patients at the age of menopause are at risk for the development of similar conditions. If a woman has bloody discharge, you should immediately consult a doctor. Climacteric ovarian dysfunction should not be left without medical attention, otherwise it will lead to sad consequences.

Ovarian dysfunction: symptoms

The main signs of ovarian dysfunction in women:

• emotional instability.
• cycle disorders;
• pain in the lower abdomen;
• highlighting of a smearing character;
• amenorrhea;
• infertility;
• lack of ovulation;
• there are a number of changes in behavior, physical, emotional state;
• there is a lack of production of the hormones progesterone, estrogen.

Ovarian dysfunction: treatment

To begin with, ultrasound examinations are carried out: ultrasound of the thyroid gland, ultrasound of the adrenal glands. A number of activities are being carried out:

• tests to detect changes in the blood, in the urine;
• check the level of hormones: luteinizing, follicle-stimulating, prolactin;
• bakposev secret of the vagina on the flora;
• PCR diagnostics;
• microscopy;
• hysteroscopy;
• x-ray examination of the skull;
• MRI - magnetic resonance imaging;
• EEG of the brain - electroencephalogram;
• CT scan of the brain - computed tomography;
• diagnostic curettage of the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity to obtain a picture of its condition;
• biopsy for histological examination of the pathological site.

How to treat ovarian dysfunction on an outpatient basis? The task of the doctor is to restore all existing hormonal disorders, cure other pathological processes in the pelvic organs. A huge role in recovery is played by the elimination of the cause of the disease, the normalization of lifestyle. Treatment implies an integrated approach, not without acupuncture, massage, etc. Nutritionists advise women to separate meals.

Some patients need correction of emergency conditions - stopping bleeding. Such women need to be treated permanently under the supervision of medical personnel. In this case, hemostatic therapy helps, according to the decision of the specialist, Duphaston is used. Women of childbearing age are prescribed funds to activate ovulation. If the treatment of ovarian dysfunction has been chosen correctly, then soon the cycle is restored and the female organs begin to work normally.

Ovarian dysfunction: treatment with folk remedies

Alternative medicine offers to drink decoctions and infusions of herbs, douching. Treatment of ovarian dysfunction with folk remedies is not complete without homeopathy, which offers its equally effective solutions to the problem. Consider the most popular recipes:

• chop blueberry leaves and pour one large spoonful of the drug with boiling water, leave for half an hour and drink inside three tablespoons a day;
• mix together in equal proportions the grass of sweet clover and centaury, pour boiling water and wrap the container with a warm scarf. Leave for 60 minutes, strain and drink three tablespoons daily.

Vitamins for ovarian dysfunction

A person will recover faster if he drinks a complex of vitamins in parallel with general therapy. Vitamin A, E, group B, folic and ascorbic acid, multivitamins are prescribed. Vitamins for ovarian dysfunction can be obtained not only from tablets, but also with the help of a healthy balanced diet, supplemented with fruits and vegetables, freshly squeezed juices and compotes.

Is it possible to get pregnant with ovarian dysfunction

In the process of hormonal treatment, folliculogenesis is performed, with the help of which it is possible to observe the maturation of eggs. When the ovulation process stabilizes, a woman will be able to successfully conceive a child. It must be understood that ovarian dysfunction and pregnancy are two conditions that require constant medical supervision. After the birth of a child, a woman should visit her gynecologist at least twice a year for the next five years.

Ovarian dysfunction: consequences

If you do not pay attention to the symptoms of the disease, infertility occurs. Even with a successful conception, the pregnancy is interrupted and ends in a miscarriage. The consequences of ovarian dysfunction can be manifested by the occurrence of tumor formations, mastopathy and other problems. Do not delay your visit to the doctor, timely seeking medical help is the key to a successful recovery without complications.

Video: what is ovarian dysfunction

Ovarian dysfunction is a deviation that is accompanied by disruptions in the menstrual cycle and the disappearance of ovulation, which develops under the influence of inflammation in the genital area or hormonal disorders.

For women who have been diagnosed with this, it is important to know the features of ovarian dysfunction, symptoms, whether it is possible to become pregnant and the reasons for the development of the deviation.

There are a number of factors that increase the likelihood of developing ovarian dysfunction:

• The development of inflammatory diseases in the appendages, ovaries or uterus(adnexitis, oophoritis, cervicitis and others). The main cause of these diseases is insufficient hygiene of the external genital organs, colds, improper douching, abortion. Also, the infection can be introduced through the lymph or blood.
• Endocrine disorders: diabetes mellitus, malfunction of the thyroid gland, pituitary or adrenal glands, obesity. Hormonal disorders that occur with these deviations negatively affect the functioning of the entire reproductive system.
• Various diseases of the uterus and ovaries. These can be cysts and other benign formations, endometriosis and its varieties, malignant lesions of the cervix.
• Exhaustion of the nervous system, which arose under the influence of strong and frequent stress, significant emotional upheavals, lack of rest and sleep, contributes to the development of ovarian dysfunction and other endocrine disorders.
• Inadequate diet, containing an insufficient amount of nutrients, irregular meals, low-calorie diets, extreme diets adversely affect the functioning of the ovaries.
• Abortions and miscarriages. An abortion or miscarriage during the first pregnancy has a particularly negative effect on the reproductive system: the body has adjusted for the first time to best bear the fetus, and abrupt termination of pregnancy, which entails a rapid change in hormonal levels, can cause various endocrine disorders and provoke the development of ovarian dysfunction. However, this factor is rarely dominant in the development of the disorder.
• Congenital abnormalities in the development of the ovary such as cystic anomaly, ovarian torsion.
• Violation of the mode of taking hormonal contraceptives, incorrectly selected drug, dosage errors.
• Complications associated with improper placement of the intrauterine device. The spiral should be placed only in the absence of a number of contraindications by qualified specialists, and in the future its location should be monitored during scheduled medical examinations.
• external conditions. Too frequent visits to the solarium, exposure to radiation, prolonged and regular exposure to the sun, poor ecology, taking certain medications, climate change (moving).
• Early climax. Most often this is due to genetic characteristics, heredity, but there may be other reasons: autoimmune diseases, diseases of organs that produce hormones, chemotherapy, weak immunity.
• Wrong way of life. Tobacco smoking, alcohol, drugs, low mobility negatively affect the functioning of the reproductive system.

Usually dysfunction develops when a combination of several adverse factors is observed, but in some cases one serious reason is enough for the onset of this disease.

Symptoms

The functions of the ovaries control the hormones that are produced by the pituitary gland.

Their combination affects the menstrual cycle, controls each of its phases and contributes to the onset of ovulation.

Dysfunction develops if the production of these hormones is disturbed for any reason, which leads to the disappearance of ovulation and other abnormalities.

With dysfunction, there is a failure in the production of progesterone (low level) and estrogen (increased), which leads to the following symptoms:

• Menstrual disorders: menstruation becomes irregular, the amount of discharge decreases or, conversely, increases, sometimes significantly. The duration of menstruation increases, and bleeding can be observed outside of menstruation.
• There are deviations in the development of the egg, ovulation is disturbed, which leads to the disappearance of the opportunity to conceive a child or to miscarriages in the early stages.
• Premenstrual syndrome, which is intense. It is characterized by the occurrence of apathy, increased fatigue, tearfulness, emotional instability, irritability.
• The appearance of pain. Pain in ovarian dysfunction is localized in the lower abdomen, sometimes covers the lower back, occurs during menstruation, before it and during periods of ovulation. It has a different severity, the nature of pain can also be different.
• The occurrence of uterine bleeding. They can be observed frequently, in some cases abundant.
• Disappearance of menstruation, up to amenorrhea, in which menstruation does not appear for more than six months.
• Anemia. It develops due to blood loss, accompanied by a decrease in efficiency, weakness, frequent headaches, tinnitus, pale skin, dizziness.
• Increase in body temperature. Usually the temperature does not rise above the subfebrile mark.

Also, with this disease, atypical discharge, an unpleasant odor, and discomfort during urination can be observed.

Ovarian dysfunction without proper treatment can lead to serious diseases, such as uterine fibroids, cancer.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of ovarian dysfunction is carried out by a gynecologist. He collects an anamnesis - asks clarifying questions, listens to complaints - and makes an initial examination, and then gives direction for additional studies that will determine the cause of the development of the deviation and begin to work on its elimination.

Diagnosis may include the following procedures:

• ultrasound examination of organs located in the pelvic area, thyroid gland and adrenal glands;
• an analysis that reveals the concentration of hormones that affect the functioning of the reproductive organs;
• examination of the vaginal secretion (microscopic examination, PRC, bakposev) to identify possible infectious diseases of the genital organs;
• gyroscopy or scraping to obtain biomaterial, which will be sent for histology;
• an analysis that determines the concentration of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, pituitary gland and thyroid gland;
• x-ray of the skull and CT to determine the condition of the pituitary gland;
• electroencephalography, which reveals disorders in the functioning of the brain;
• performing laparoscopy.

The structure of the diagnosis may be different, based on the individual condition and does not always include all the diagnostic methods mentioned.

The success of treatment directly depends on the degree of neglect of the disease, therefore, at the first signs of a cycle disorder, it is recommended to consult a specialist. In chronic dysfunction, you should regularly undergo medical examinations and monitor your condition in order to start treatment in a timely manner if serious violations occur.

Treatment for ovarian dysfunction often takes place in an inpatient setting.

Ovarian dysfunction and pregnancy

With ovarian dysfunction, conception is either impossible, or the pregnancy is terminated on its own in the early stages.

This is due to malfunctions in the production of sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone) and ovulation disorders.

In order for conception and normal gestation to become possible, it is necessary to go through the entire range of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Treatment for ovarian dysfunction is often lengthy, as it is aimed at restoring the normal cycle and eliminating the causes that caused the violation.

Treatment for ovarian dysfunction includes working with the causes that provoked the disorder (removal of the spiral, treatment of diseases), physiotherapy, taking hormonal drugs, consulting a psychotherapist, taking vitamins and drugs that stimulate the immune system.

An important element in the treatment of dysfunction is a change in lifestyle: giving up bad habits, adjusting the diet, changing the daily routine, including physical activity, regular walks in the fresh air, reducing stress and anxiety, regular sleep, which has an optimal duration (at least 6-8 hours ).

When ovarian dysfunction is successfully treated, the ability to become pregnant and bear a child will be restored, but pregnant women who have had this disease should monitor their condition carefully: they have a higher risk of miscarriage.

To increase the likelihood of a successful cure and reduce the likelihood of complications, it is necessary to go to the hospital at the first sign of a cycle disorder, undergo the necessary examinations and follow all the recommendations of the attending physician.

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