Alphabet without a letter. Alphabet letter numbers
In a world that is constantly changing, in a world open to all peoples and languages, there is something constant, something that connects us with our ancestors - this is our alphabet. We use it when we think, when we speak or write, but the alphabet is interesting not only as a building material for sentences. The uniqueness of our alphabet is in the history of its creation, because it is completely unique!
Sooner or later, every person begins to be tormented by the question: Who came up with letters, words and names of objects? It is impossible to say anything definite about the origin of some writings: who invented them and when they were invented. Take, for example, Chinese or Greek writing? These writings were not invented by individuals, but developed over many centuries and were the result of the accumulation of knowledge of several generations. They do not and cannot have a personal author, just as there is no creator of a wheel, hammer, knife, etc. Other writings are lucky: they emerged from a specific creative process that took place at a specific time in a specific place. For example, the Georgian letter was founded by King Farnavaz, and the Armenian letter by Mesrop Mashtots. If you are asked a question about who created the Slavic writing, you will answer without hesitation that the creators of the Slavic writing are Cyril and Methodius. However, their contribution is much greater than many ordinary people think. After all, Cyril and Methodius not only invented an alphabet for writing the Slavic language and became the founders of writing itself, but also translated many church books into the Slavic language. Where did it all start?
An attempt to look into the past
The history of Slavic writing is a vivid example of how powerless science is in the face of time and history, but the power of our scientists lies in the fact that despite any prohibitions or changes in power, they still try to find a life-giving source of truth. Today, the famous Solun brothers - Cyril (Constantine) and Methodius - are the brightest historical figures, about whom more than five thousand scientific works have been written, where many hypotheses have been put forward, and even more research has been conducted on who actually is the author of the first Old Slavonic ABCs. At the same time, research scientists have found a huge amount of materials that both confirm and fundamentally refute each other. That is why exact answers have not been found to important questions about the history of the emergence of Slavic writing.
“What is the reason?” - you ask. First of all, this is due to the nature of ancient texts, which are the main sources on the basis of which scientists build their hypotheses. These texts are sometimes inaccurate and sometimes deliberately distorted. In some texts you can find descriptions of events for which exact confirmation has not been found. At the same time, ancient sources have reached us in their original form. However, with repeated rewriting, different chroniclers distorted the original texts, adding their own vision or thoughts to them, and the result was a kind of “damaged telephone” that prevents modern scientists from coming to a unanimous opinion. Thus, it is often possible to encounter a situation where different copies of the same ancient document describe information differently. On the other hand, modern scientists themselves are to blame, because they often like to interpret historical events in a way that suits them. The reasons for such liberties lie either in ordinary unprofessionalism or dishonesty, or in false patriotism. Regardless of the reasons driving our scientists, we have to admit that we still do not know in what year Methodius was born and what his real name was. After all, Methodius is the monastic name of the discoverer of the Slavic alphabet. Due to the elementary human ignorance of scientists, the Solunsky brothers were credited with the creation of letters, to which they had nothing to do. Let's throw away these scientists' "probably" and "possibly" and try to figure out where the first alphabet came from, what it looked like, and what meaning our ancestors put into each letter.
The most interesting guide to the origin of Slavic writing is the primary source, which is the legend of the monk Brave, which includes excerpts from the lives of Methodius and Cyril (Constantine). This legend was republished in 1981 and is called “The Legend of the Beginning of Slavic Writing.” If desired, this book can be found on bookstore shelves or purchased through an online store.
Who invented the alphabet
In the 9th - early 10th centuries, one of the largest states in Europe was Great Moravia, which included not only modern Moravia (the historical region of the Czech Republic), but also Slovakia, and part of Poland, the Czech Republic, and other states located nearby. Great Moravia played a major political role from 830 to 906.
In 863, the Moravian prince Rostislav turned to the Byzantine emperor Michael III with a rather daring request - to hold a service in the Slavic language. This audacity lay in the fact that before this, services were held in the three languages in which the inscription on the cross of Jesus was made: Latin, Hebrew and Greek.
The decision to hold services in the Slavic language, according to Rostislav, was purely political in nature and would allow Rostislav to weaken the dependence of his policies on the Bavarian clergy. Why Slavic language? Everything is very simple - at that time the Slavs had a common language, the only difference was in different dialects. However, the Slavs did not yet have writing at that time, and they used Latin or Greek writing for writing. The transition to worship in the Slavic language presupposed the presence of Slavic writing, since it was necessary to translate the main service books into the Slavic language and train priests. Moreover, such a translation implied the creation of not only a special Slavic writing system, but also a written literary Slavic language. It was difficult to translate Greek religious texts into the everyday Slavic language, since they were not adapted to convey their content. The Greek texts simply lacked the necessary words and syntactic structures.
What do you think, answered Michael III? But he did not answer, he sent the so-called Moravian mission to Rostislav in the person of two brothers. These two brothers were the sons of a noble Greek who lived in the city of Thessaloniki (the Slavic name for the city of Thessaloniki, which is located on the territory of modern Greece), and their names were Methodius (presumably born in 815) and Constantine (his date of birth was in 827). oh year). Methodius (real name - Michael) was a monk. Constantine, only before his death, accepted monasticism, along with which he took the new name Cyril. It is his monastic name that will be immortalized in the name of the Slavic alphabet - Cyrillic. Although Constantine was younger than Methodius, his authority was recognized even by his elder brother. Today it is known for certain that Constantine was a very educated person, and among his many professions and callings one can single out: philosopher, theologian, poet and linguist. He knew many languages and was fluent in the art of oratory, which allowed him to participate in religious debates more than once. The brightest advantages of the elder brother were considered to be his innate organizational abilities, which allowed him to be a governor in the Slavic regions, as well as the abbot of a monastery. But the most important thing is that both brothers were fluent in the Slavic language.
Scientists believe that an interesting fact is that Constantine and Methodius, even before leaving for Moravia, created the Slavic alphabet, which was perfectly adapted for transmitting the sounds of Slavic speech. This first alphabet was called the Glagolitic alphabet and was based on the letters of minuscule Greek writing. In addition to Greek characters, some Hebrew and Coptic characters joined the Glagolitic alphabet. Naturally, having created the first Slavic alphabet, Constantine and Methodius were impatient to get to work on translations.
The first translations of church books appeared in Byzantium, and upon arrival in Moravia the brothers began their main work at a very high pace. Thus, a new written language appeared, which in academic circles is called Old Church Slavonic.
In parallel with the translations, Cyril and Methodius prepared priests who could conduct services in the Slavic language. After such painstaking work, the Solun brothers return home, distributing new writings along the way. As you understand, the emergence of new traditions did not like the “old” clergy, who recognized trilingualism, so the brothers went to Rome, where Constantine held successful debates with the trilinguals. In Rome, the mission of the Thessalonica brothers was delayed, and Constantine accepted monastic rank and the new name Cyril. This happened just 50 days before his death.
After the death of Cyril, Methodius becomes the main advocate of worship in the Slavic language, who is invited to Pannonia (modern Hungary) by the local prince Kotsela, who supports the initiatives of Cyril and Methodius. At this time, an intense struggle was being waged between the supporters of Methodius and the German trilinguals. Nevertheless, Pope Adrian, admiring the merits of Methodius, elevates him to the rank of bishop. However, this did not prevent the Bavarian clergy, the just cause of trilingualism, from putting Methodius in prison in 870, where he spent two and a half years. Only in 873 did Methodius emerge from captivity and restore his rank, after which he returned to Moravia.
Methodius spends the rest of his life in Moravia in the rank of archbishop and dies in 885. And this is where the real war between the trilinguals and the disciples of Cyril and Methodius began. In 886, the Slavic liturgy was completely destroyed, and priests who conducted services in the Slavic language were beaten, stoned, chained, expelled from the country, sold into slavery and even killed. But this does not mean that the fight against the “Slavic” ended with the victory of the trilinguals. On the contrary, many of Methodius’s disciples find refuge in the Bulgarian state, where Prince Boris kindly receives them. It was he who organized a new school of Slavic writing, and Bulgaria became the new center of Slavic book culture. The head of the new Slavic school is a student of the Thessalonica brothers, Clement, who will later be nicknamed Clement of Ohrid. Why was he given such a nickname? Everything is very simple: the school was located near Lake Ohrid, which today is located on the territory of modern Macedonia.
According to the majority of modern scientists, the creator of the new Slavic alphabet - the Cyrillic alphabet - is Kliment of Ohrid. Clement named it Cyrillic in honor of his teacher Kirill. However, the name of this alphabet for a long time confused scientific minds who believed that the Cyrillic alphabet is older than the Glagolitic alphabet. However, today many agree that Kirill created not the Cyrillic alphabet, but the Glagolitic alphabet. The most interesting thing is that these are just guesses, not supported by any Old Slavonic writings. But the most interesting fact remains that in ancient manuscripts there is not a single mention of the existence of two Slavic alphabets!
Glagolitic and Cyrillic
Today, most scientists agree that after all Glagolitic is the real first Old Slavonic alphabet, and it was invented by Cyril back in 863, when he was in Byzantium. Kirill - Constantine the Philosopher created it in a fairly short time and included many Greek symbols. Cyrillic was invented in Bulgaria around the 9th century. However, the controversial question still remains who is the author of this invention. Many scientists are still debating this issue. Thus, adherents of the classical theory argue that it was undoubtedly Clement of Ohrid, while others suggest that the signs displayed in the Cyrillic alphabet are more reminiscent of those used by Old Slavonic scribes led by the enlightener Konstantin of Pereslavl.
Any alphabet is notable for the fact that each letter has a formal and meaningful meaning. Formal studies of each letter involve the history of the design of the sign that is displayed in a particular letter, and a meaningful approach to the study of letters involves searching for a correspondence between the letter itself and its sound. If you pay attention to the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabet, you will see that the Glagolitic alphabet is a more striking invention than the Cyrillic alphabet. Moreover, the number of letters in the Glagolitic alphabet corresponds to the number of sounds that existed in the Old Church Slavonic language. In other words, the creator or creators of the Glagolitic alphabet knew very well the phonetics of the Old Church Slavonic language and were guided by this when creating Old Church Slavonic writing.
It is also interesting to compare the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabet by letter style. In both the first and second cases, the symbolism is very reminiscent of Greek, but the Glagolitic alphabet still has features characteristic only of the Slavic alphabet. Take, for example, the letter “az”. In the Glagolitic alphabet it resembles a cross, and in the Cyrillic alphabet it completely borrows the Greek letter. But this is not the most interesting thing in the Old Slavonic alphabet. After all, it is in the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabet that each letter represents a separate word, filled with the deep philosophical meaning that our ancestors put into it.
Although today letter-words have disappeared from our everyday life, they still continue to live in Russian proverbs and sayings. For example, the expression “start from the beginning” means nothing more than “start from the very beginning.” Although in fact the letter “az” means “I”.
It’s not always possible to find even the simplest things on the Internet; the same goes for alphabet numbering.
The ordinal numbers of the letters, you can see in the table below, the correct order and correspondence of the ordinal number.
The letter A comes first.
The letter B is in second place.
The letter B is in third place.
The letter G is in fourth place.
The letter D is in fifth place.
The letter E is in sixth place.
The letter is in seventh place.
The letter Z is in eighth place.
The letter Z is in ninth place.
The letter I is in tenth place.
The letter Y is in eleventh place.
The letter K is in twelfth place.
The letter L is in thirteenth place.
The letter M is in fourteenth place.
The letter N is in fifteenth place.
The letter O is in sixteenth place.
The letter P is in seventeenth place.
The letter R is in eighteenth place.
The letter C is in nineteenth place.
The letter T is in twentieth place.
The letter U is in twenty-first place.
The letter F is in twenty-second place.
The letter X is in twenty-third place.
The letter C is in twenty-fourth place.
The letter H is in twenty-fifth place.
The letter Ш is in twenty-sixth place.
The letter Ш is in twenty-seventh place.
The letter Ъ is in twenty-eighth place.
The letter Y is in twenty-ninth place.
The letter b is in the thirtieth place.
The letter E is in thirty-first place.
The letter U is in thirty-second place.
The letter I is in thirty-third place.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Probably everyone knows this. And the serial number of a letter can be useful to solve some riddle, charade, or read an encrypted letter.
Serial number of letters in the Russian alphabet.
- A - number 1 ,
- B - number 2 ,
- B - number 3 ,
- G - number 4 ,
- D - number 5 ,
- E - number 6 ,
- - 7 (some people forget that e and are still different letters, they should not be confused),
- F - 8,
- Z - 9,
- I - 10,
- J - 11,
- K - 12,
- L - 13,
- M - 14,
- N - 15,
- O - 16,
- P - 17,
- R - 18,
- S - 19,
- T - 20,
- U - 21,
- F - 22,
- X - 23,
- C - 24,
- H - 25,
- Ш - 26,
- Shch - 27,
- Ъ (hard sign) - 28,
- Y - 29,
- b (soft sign) - 30,
- E - 31,
- Yu - 32,
- I'm 33.
Russian alphabet in reverse order looks like this (first comes the serial number, and after the number the letter itself)
- 33 - A,
- 32 - B,
- 31 -B,
- 30 - G,
- 29 - D,
- 2 - E,
- 27 - ,
- 26 -F,
- 25 - W,
- 24 - And,
- 23 - J,
- 22 - K,
- 21 - L,
- 20 - M,
- 19 - N,
- 18 - Oh,
- 17 - P,
- 16 - R,
- 15 - C,
- 14 - T,
- 13 - U,
- 12 - F,
- 11 - X,
- 10 - C,
- 9 - H,
- 8 - Ш,
- 7 -SH,
- 6 - b,
- 5 - Y,
- 4 - b,
- 3 - E,
- 2 - Yu,
- 1 -I.
The letter A has a serial number of 1
B-serial number-2
B-serial number-3
The letter E has number 6
The letter has serial number 7
F-number 8
Letter Z-number 9
And - has serial number 10
E friend J- number 11
K-12 in a row
Letter L-13
We count the letter H as 15 in a row.
16 is the letter O
Ъ-28 letter of the alphabet
A a a ordinal digit 1
B b b e serial digit 2
In in ve ordinal digit 3
G g ge ordinal digit 4
D d de serial digit 5
E e ordinal digit 6
serial digit 7
Zh zhe serial number 8
Z z z e ordinal digit 9
And and and ordinal number 10
th and short ordinal number 11
K k ka (not ke) serial number 12
L l el (or el, not le) serial number 13
M m em (not me) ordinal number 14
N n en (not ne) ordinal number 15
O o o ordinal number 16
P p pe ordinal number 17
R r er (not re) ordinal number 18
C s es (not se) ordinal number 19
T t te ordinal number 20
Y y y ordinal number 21
F f ef (not fe) ordinal number 22
X x ha (not he) ordinal number 23
Ts ts tse ordinal number 24
H h h ordinal number 25
Sh sh sha (not she) serial number 26
Shch shcha (not yet) serial number 27
ъ ъ hard sign ordinal number 28
Y y y ordinal number 29
b ь soft sign ordinal number 30
Uh uh (uh reverse) serial number 31
Yu Yu Yu serial number 32
I I I serial number 33
It is useful to know the serial numbers of letters of the Russian alphabet, it is good to know the reverse numbering of letters, and sometimes you need to know the numbering of pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet. This knowledge can help in solving various kinds of logical problems.
So, the Russian alphabet is numbered in order:
Alphabet in reverse order:
Pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet:
-
fourth
The letter dd will be 5
The letter Her will be 6
The letter will be 7
The eighth, ninth and tenth are the letters Zh, Z, I
Eleventh letter
Twelfth letter
Hello, dear guys! Greetings, dear adults! You are reading these lines, which means that someone once made sure that you and I could exchange information using writing.
Drawing rock carvings, trying to tell something, our ancestors many centuries ago could not even imagine that very soon the 33 letters of the Russian alphabet would form words, express our thoughts on paper, help us read books written in Russian and allow us to leave our mark on history of folk culture.
Where did they all come to us from A to Z, who invented the Russian alphabet, and how did the letter originate? The information in this article may be useful for a research paper in 2nd or 3rd grade, so welcome to study in detail!
Lesson plan:
What is the alphabet and where did it all begin?
The word familiar to us from childhood came from Greece, and it is composed of two Greek letters - alpha and beta.
In general, the ancient Greeks left a huge mark on history, and they could not do without them here. They made a lot of efforts to spread writing throughout Europe.
However, many scientists still argue who would have been the first, and in what year it was. It is believed that the Phoenicians were the first to use consonant letters back in the 2nd millennium BC, and only then did the Greeks borrow their alphabet and add vowels there. This was already in the 8th century BC.
This Greek writing became the basis of the alphabet for many peoples, including us, the Slavs. And among the most ancient are the Chinese and Egyptian alphabets, which appeared from the transformation of rock paintings into hieroglyphs and graphic symbols.
But what about our Slavic alphabet? After all, we don’t write in Greek today! The thing is that Ancient Rus' sought to strengthen economic and cultural ties with other countries, and for this a letter was needed. Moreover, the first church books began to be brought to the Russian state, since Christianity came from Europe.
It was necessary to find a way to convey to all Russian Slavs what Orthodoxy is, to create our own alphabet, to translate church works into a readable language. The Cyrillic alphabet became such an alphabet, and it was created by the brothers, popularly called “Thessalonica”.
Who are the Thessaloniki brothers and why are they famous?
These people are called this way not because they have a surname or a given name.
Two brothers Cyril and Methodius lived in a military family in a large Byzantine province with the capital in the city of Thessaloniki, from which the name of their small homeland came the nickname.
The population in the city was mixed - half Greeks and half Slavs. And the brothers’ parents were of different nationalities: their mother was Greek, and their father was from Bulgaria. Therefore, both Cyril and Methodius knew two languages from childhood - Slavic and Greek.
This is interesting! In fact, the brothers had different names at birth - Constantine and Mikhail, and they were named church Cyril and Methodius later.
Both brothers excelled in their studies. Methodius mastered military techniques and loved to read. Well, Kirill knew as many as 22 languages, was educated at the imperial court and was nicknamed a philosopher for his wisdom.
Therefore, it is not at all surprising that the choice fell on these two brothers when the Moravian prince turned to the Byzantine ruler for help in 863 with a request to send wise men who could convey to the Slavic people the truth of the Christian faith and teach them to write.
And Cyril and Methodius set off on a long journey, moving for 40 months from one place to another, explaining in the Slavic language they knew well from childhood who Christ was and what his power was. And for this it was necessary to translate all church books from Greek into Slavic, which is why the brothers began to develop a new alphabet.
Of course, already in those days the Slavs used many Greek letters in their lives in counting and writing. But the knowledge they had had to be streamlined, brought to one system, so that it would be simple and understandable for everyone. And already on May 24, 863, in the Bulgarian capital of Pliska, Cyril and Methodius announced the creation of a Slavic alphabet called the Cyrillic alphabet, which became the progenitor of our modern Russian alphabet.
This is interesting! Historians have discovered the fact that even before the Moravian commission, while in Byzantium, the brothers Cyril and Methodius invented an alphabet for the Slavs based on Greek writing, and it was called Glagolitic. Maybe that’s why the Cyrillic alphabet appeared so quickly and simply, since there were already working outlines?
Transformations of the Russian alphabet
The Slavic alphabet created by Cyril and Methodius consisted of 43 letters.
They appeared by adding newly invented 19 signs to the Greek alphabet (which had 24 letters). After the appearance of the Cyrillic alphabet in Bulgaria, the center of Slavic writing, the first book school appeared, and they began to actively translate liturgical books.
In any old book
“Once upon a time there lived Izhitsa,
And with it the letter Yat"
Gradually, the Old Church Slavonic alphabet came to Serbia, and in Ancient Rus' it appeared at the end of the 10th century, when the Russian people adopted Christianity. It was then that the whole long process of creating and improving the Russian alphabet that we use today begins. That's what was interesting.
This is interesting! The godmother of the letter “Y” was Princess Ekaterina Dashkova, who proposed introducing it into the alphabet in 1783. The idea of the princess was supported by the writer Karmazin, and with their light hand the letter appeared in the alphabet, taking an honorable seventh place.
“Yo”’s fate is not easy:
- in 1904 its use was desirable, but not at all mandatory;
- in 1942, by order of the educational authority, it was recognized as compulsory for schools;
- in 1956, entire paragraphs of the rules of Russian spelling were devoted to it.
Today, the use of “Yo” is important when you can confuse the meaning of written words, for example here: perfect and perfect, tears and tears, palate and sky.
This is interesting! In 2001, in the Ulyanovsk Park named after Karamzin, the only monument to the letter “Y” in the form of a low stele in the whole world was unveiled.
As a result, today we have 33 beauties who teach us to read and write, open up a new world for us, help us be educated to learn our native language and respect our history.
I am sure that you have known all these 33 letters for a long time and never confuse their places in the alphabet. Would you like to try to learn the Old Church Slavonic alphabet? Here it is, below in the video)
Well, you have more projects on one interesting topic in your collection. Share the most interesting things with your classmates, let them also know where the Russian alphabet came to us from. And I say goodbye to you, see you again!
Good luck in your studies!
Evgenia Klimkovich.
Real Russian Alphabet.
Grigori Ovanesov.
Grigory Tevatrosovich Ovanesov.
ALPHABET OF A SINGLE LANGUAGE.
No.1__1___a___10__10____w____19___100____w____28__1000____r
2__2___b___11__20____i_____20__200____m_____29__2000____s
3__3___g____12__30___l_____21__300____j____30___3000___v
4__4___d____13__40___x_____22__400____n____31__4000____t
5__5___e____14__50___s______23__500____w____32__5000____r
6__6___z____15__60___k______24__600____o____33__6000____c
7__7___e____16__70___h______25__700____h____34__7000___y
8__8___y____17__80___z______26__800____p___35___8000____f
9__9___t____18___90___g____27__900____j____36___9000___q
_____________________________________________________________________________
No. - Letter number. h.z. – the numeric value of the letter. R. - Russian alphabet.
To indicate the beginning of a sentence, you must use the same letters with an increased size. It also means that the letter h is a soft voicing of the letter G, which is used in the Russian language, but is not recorded and is used in dialects (adverbs), especially by shepherds when they drive cows, reproducing the sound he (ge). This pronunciation of the letter G as h is considered unliterary. In addition, the same letter G, as a thin throaty wheezing sound, is written in the form g. Moreover, the letters “e” are pronounced as “yyy”, “t” as “th”, “s” as “ts”, “z” as “dz”, “j” as “j”, r as hard (English) “ p” and “q” as “kh”. The alphabet does not contain the diphtones Ya (ya), Yu (yu), E (ye) and Yo (yo) since their voicing with separate mono sounds is already in the alphabet. Of course, b and b signs are not letters, since they are not voiced and cannot be used in the alphabet. In the process of voicing the letters of the alphabet, people actively used a wide range of sounds that animals and birds make, imitating them. Of course, the predecessors of the alphabet in graphic notation are two interconnected alphabets compiled millions of years ago. I restored them for the first time in the world, with the same number of letters, which ensured upright walking, practicing grasping movements and creating the semantic content of words with voicing of letters. Moreover, having restored the two most ancient ABCs, I turned out to be their modern creator. In addition, with the help of ABCs, the concepts of counting and numbers were introduced with letter-by-letter notation and notation with the fingers, a decimal system of counting units, the concepts of length and time were arranged. The actual number of fingers with spaces between them on the hands and feet are four nines, which together make up the number 36.
Thus, with the help of the Unified Alphabet, a letter-by-letter way of writing numbers was created. For example, the number 9999 was originally written letter by letter as q j g t or 3446 as vnkhz (see alphabet above). In fact, it was not easy for me to figure out on my own the mechanism for writing numbers and numbers letter by letter. For this I used only the alphabet with numeric letter values. In principle, this is a very serious topic, so I highlighted it separately.
Moreover, for the first time in the world, I gave a definition to DIGIT and NUMBER.
In this case, the Number is the quantity voiced by a letter or word in a record.
So a Number is a quantity written in letters or numbers.
Of course, quantity is HOW MUCH.
It should be borne in mind that the number 0 is voiced by the word “zero, zero”, the number 1 is voiced by the word “one, one”, the number 2 is voiced by the word “two, two”, etc., and in different languages in your own words.
Moreover, the reflection of the Unified Alphabet in the form of the positions of the fingers and their grasping movements made it possible to substantiate how all numbers were created up to the largest from 10,000 onwards, which are now used for counting.
In the alphabet, the numerical values of the letters determine the order of distribution into columns (groups). In the first nine (first column), the digital recording of letter numbers and their numerical values are written in the same way. In this case, the numbers of the other three columns of letters are written in two-digit numbers. Moreover, the numerical values in each column include significant figures from 1 to 9. Moreover, in the second column, one zero is added to each of these numbers, in the third column there are two zeros, and in the fourth column there are three zeros. There is also a complete correspondence between each digital entry of a two-digit letter number and its numerical value.
It should be borne in mind that Russian-speaking people, due to the absence of a significant number of letters (mono-sounds) of the world’s first alphabet with the help of which the semantic content of words and their pronunciation were created, have serious problems with studying other adverbs of the common language of the peoples of the world.It is probably very difficult to imagine your life without electricity. But before, people wrote and read by candlelight. But imagining your life without writing is even more difficult. Maybe someone will think that it would be great and you wouldn’t have to write dictations and essays. But in this case there would be no books, no libraries, no SMS and even email. Language, like a mirror, reflects the whole world and a person’s whole life.
But man did not always know how. The art of writing has developed over a long period of time, many millennia. But there is someone who is the creator of the alphabet, someone whom a person should thank for such an invaluable opportunity. Many people have probably wondered more than once about who created the alphabet of the Russian language.
Cyril and Methodius - creators of the Russian alphabet
Once upon a time there lived two Byzantine brothers - Cyril and Methodius. It was thanks to them that the Russian alphabet was created, they became the first creators.
Methodius, the eldest son, who chose the military path, went to serve in one of the Slavic regions. His younger brother Kirill was partial to science even as a child; teachers were amazed by his knowledge. At the age of 14, his parents sent him to Constantinople, where he managed to master many knowledge in a short period of time: grammar, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, medicine, Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, Slavic.
In 863, ambassadors from Moravia visited Constantinople. They arrived with a request to provide a preacher to their country to study the Christian population. The emperor decided that the brothers, Cyril and Methodius, should go to Moravia. Before setting off, Cyril asked the Moravians if they had an alphabet. The answer was negative. The Moravians did not have an alphabet. The brothers didn't have much time. Cyril and Methodius worked hard from early morning until late evening. And so they managed to quickly create an alphabet for the Moravians, named after their younger brother - the Cyrillic alphabet.
Thanks to the created Slavic alphabet, it was not difficult for the brothers to translate the main liturgical books from Greek into Slavic. Now we know who first created the alphabet.
What happened next?After Methodius died in 885, the disciples and followers of the brothers began to continue the work. They defended services in the Slavic language. Somewhere around this time, the students created another Slavic alphabet. Today there is no certainty about which alphabet was developed by Kirill and which by his students and successors. There is an assumption that Kirill composed the Glagolitic alphabet, after which, on its basis, he developed the Cyrillic alphabet, which was named after the first creator of the Russian alphabet. Perhaps Kirill himself was involved in improving the primary alphabet, but all his students completed it.
PeculiaritiesThe Russian alphabet was created on the basis of the Cyrillic alphabet, which is a reworking of the Greek alphabet. The creators of the Russian alphabet took into account the phonetic features of the Old Church Slavonic language and
19 letters were introduced into it that were absent in the Greek letter.The originality of the alphabet created by Cyril and Methodius was manifested in the fact that in order to indicate one sound, one letter had to be used.
As for writing in Cyrillic letters, they were used only at the beginning of a paragraph. The large capital letter was beautifully painted, so the first line was called “red,” that is, a beautiful line.
Thanks to the first creator of the alphabet of the Russian language, today people can write. And if it weren’t for the brothers Cyril and Methodius, we wouldn’t be able to do anything.
Oh yes, I remembered the lower grades when we wrote codes, we used a digital system and put one letter in order, and the other against the order, by the way the letter P the number is the same and back and forth it is the seventeenth - once I knew all this by heart and was able to write encryption quickly enough.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Each letter corresponds to its own number. The distribution follows the principle A - 1 letter of the alphabet, B - 2 letter of the alphabet, etc. until the last letter - I, which is the 33rd letter.
It would seem, well, why does anyone need to know the serial numbers of letters in the Russian alphabet? Probably, those who have taken IQ tests know that you need to know this in order to successfully cope with test tasks. There may be not one or two such tasks in the test, but much more. For example, in this test there are five of forty such tasks.
Here, for example, is the very first task of the test and the last fifth one:
Below is the alphabet in the figure, which shows which letter of the 33 letters of the Russian alphabet has which serial number. The first digit is a forward count, the second digit is a reverse count. In this form, the numbering and the alphabet itself are easier to remember than in a list.
There are only 33 letters in the Russian alphabet:
