Paracetamol tablets for children with high fever. Is it possible to give paracetamol tablets to children? Dose at different dosages of the active substance

When a child has a fever, the first medicine that parents use to stabilize the condition is paracetamol, and this is not without reason.

The World Health Organization included this drug in the list of the most effective, safe and cost-effective medicines.

Let's take a closer look at the instructions for using Paracetamol tablets for children (200 and 500 mg): recommended dosages for fever, is it possible to give the medicine to a child at all and how much, what to do if the norm is exceeded?

Description and action

Paracetamol is not a new pharmaceutical. It has been used for treatment since 1893. This is one of the safest non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The drug has almost no effect on cyclooxygenase, or COX, which is produced in peripheral organs and tissues. That's why it has fewer side effects than other NSAIDs.

The medicine does not irritate the gastric mucosa, does not lead to disruption of water-mineral metabolism.

At the same time, the drug affects COX, which is produced by the brain, which is responsible for its antipyretic and analgesic properties. The drug has almost no ability to influence inflammatory processes.

Paracetamol is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, therefore, tablet dosage forms along with rectal suppositories are most preferable.

The drug acts quickly, and within 30 minutes after administration its highest concentration is observed inside. The effect lasts up to 4 hours.

The lack of effect when using Paracetamol is a reason to immediately seek medical help.

Release form and composition

The drug is available in tablets of 0.2 g and 0.5 g(200 and 500 mg). This form is recommended for children over 6 years of age due to possible overdose.

Can be used from 2 years of age, although other forms are preferable at this age.

According to its physical properties, it is a pure white or creamy, pinkish crystalline powder that dissolves in alcohol and is insoluble in water.

Indications

The drug is used if:

• the temperature rises to 38 °C and above (age up to 5 years), to 38.5 °C (age after 5 years) and lasts for at least 4 hours;
• complaints of toothache, headache, muscle pain.

Paracetamol is effective specifically for viral infections ().

The remedy is also used for measles, flu, teething, after injuries and burns.

It doesn't help with bacterial infections, complications of ARVI, the effect is short-lived or absent.

Contraindications

The list of contraindications is small in comparison with other drugs. This includes:

• individual intolerance;
• age up to 2 years;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with the formation of ulcers and erosions, gastric bleeding, inflammation, active bleeding;
• progressive pathologies of the kidneys, liver, severe forms of failure of these organs;
• intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs;
• hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels in the blood).

How much and how to give

Maximum course of treatment is:

• up to 6 years - 3 days;
• after 6 years - 5 days.

What dose of Paracetamol tablets is needed for children, how to take the medicine correctly?

When prescribing doses, they are guided not by age, but by the weight of the baby. 10–15 mg of active ingredient is prescribed per 1 kg.

A single dose of Paracetamol in tablets for children weighing 10 kg is 100–150 mg (0.1–0.15 g), or 1/2–3/4 tablets with a dosage of 200 mg (0.2 g).

Re-appointment should be no earlier than after 4-5 hours. 4–5 doses are allowed per day.

Safe daily dose - up to 60 mg/kg body. This means that a child weighing 10 kg should not be given more than 3 tablets of 200 mg per day.

For teenagers over 12 years old who weigh more than 40 kg, maximum single dose - 1 g (5 tablets of 0.2 g), daily - 4 g (20 tablets of 0.2 g).

Directions for use, special instructions

The drug is given orally. After eating, 1-2 hours must pass, otherwise absorption will slow down. Drink with plenty of clean water. If the child is small, then the tablet is crushed into powder.

Paracetamol is an emergency medicine that does not cure, but only eliminates the manifestations of the disease. If the cause of the disease is not eliminated, the fever and pain will return.

Reception features

The question of what dose of paracetamol to give a child in tablets must be decided after consultation with a doctor. When treating, the following features of admission are taken into account:

• if there is liver disease, the dose is reduced;
• when using other drugs simultaneously, you need to make sure that they do not contain paracetamol;
• Do not give your child alcohol-containing medications, as alcohol enhances the absorption of the medication.

Overdose

Taking the drug in a single dose of more than 150 mg/kg of the child’s body weight causes severe, and in some cases fatal, liver damage.

Stages of poisoning:

The development of liver failure is indicated:

• neuropsychiatric disorders (feels sleepy, dizzy, speech impaired, hallucinations);
• pain in the right side under the ribs;
• swelling, abdominal enlargement;
• jaundice;
• bleeding;
• heart rhythm disturbances;
• insufficiency of functions of other organs.

Death from an overdose occurs within 3–5 days.

In case of overdose, wash the stomach, give it to the patient, call an ambulance. The antidote for paracetamol is acetylcysteine.

In case of liver failure, hospitalization is carried out, treatment is symptomatic. In severe cases, a liver transplant may be required.

Children suffer from poisoning more easily than adults, especially those under 6 years of age., due to the characteristics of metabolism. In mild cases, treatment is carried out at home.

How can an overdose occur?

Safe dosage of the drug is 0.2 mg. So, for a child weighing 10 kg to become poisoned, he needs to take 1.5 g of the drug per day orally, which is 7.5 tablets.

Exceeding the dose occurs for several reasons:

• parents in a hurry did not pay attention to the content of the active substance;
• other drugs were given at the same time with paracetamol;
• increased the frequency of administration;
• the baby accidentally took the medicine on his own because it was in an accessible place.

Side effects

Although Paracetamol is well tolerated in most cases, it causes side effects:

In recent years scientists started talking about harm and toxicity.

Studies have shown that children who were often prescribed Paracetamol at the age of 1-3 years develop allergic diseases - eczema, allergies - by the age of 6-7 years.

Safety is maintained with infrequent use.

There is also evidence that with long-term use of Paracetamol, more than 1 tablet per day If the total amount of medication taken is 1000 or more tablets over a lifetime, the risk of developing severe forms of analgesic nephropathy (kidney disease), which leads to end-stage renal failure (complete loss of kidney function), doubles.

Drug interactions

Paracetamol interacts with other drugs, which may affect the safety of therapy.

The following effects may be observed:

• increased harmful effects on the liver, decreased antipyretic effect of Paracetamol in combination with barbiturates, antiepileptic drugs, rifampicin;
• enhancing the effect of coumarin derivatives, salicylic acid, caffeine, codeine;
• an increase in the level of methemoglobin - when used simultaneously with phenobarbital.

Do not combine Paracetamol tablets with other means that contain this active ingredient (Parafex, Paravit, Cold-flu, Coldrex and others).

average price

The average price of Paracetamol 0.2 g, 10 tablets is 6 rubles.

Storage conditions and periods

The expiration date is indicated on the packaging(usually 36 months). Store the drug at a temperature no higher than 25 °C, choosing a place inaccessible to children.

A prescription is not needed to purchase the medicine.

Among the popular means of combating fever and pain in children are tablets, where the active substance is paracetamol. It is considered the most effective and safe for the child’s body.

Paracetamol-based drugs have three main properties: they relieve fever, inflammation and pain.

Advantages of the drug:

It should be taken into account that paracetamol eliminates only the symptoms of the disease, but is not intended for its treatment. The main cause of pain or fever should be identified and children treated with other medications.

Dosage of the drug

Paracetamol comes in three main forms: suppositories, tablets and syrups. You can buy a product at the pharmacy where this active ingredient is in its pure form - Panadol, for example. Panadol tablets, in addition to the active substance, contain sodium bicarbonate, which creates an alkaline environment in the body. Thanks to this, Panadol works faster.

They are inserted rectally into the child's anus. Before the procedure, you must first wash your hands. Place the child, turn him on his side, bend his legs and press them to his tummy. Slowly and carefully introduce the suppository. The active substance is absorbed by the intestinal walls and has a rapid effect at high temperatures. For children under three months, the dosage is selected only by a doctor..

At the pharmacy you can find the following dosage of the drug:

• from 3 months to a year, 0.08 gram suppositories are prescribed;
• from 1 year to 3 years – 0.17 grams;
• from 3 years to 6 – 0.33 grams;
• starting from 6 years and older, two suppositories of 0.33 grams are prescribed.

You should not use more than 4 suppositories per day.

Pills

They are allowed for children starting from two years old. The child is given medicine, previously crushed and diluted in water. Children's paracetamol tablets are available in a dosage of 200 mg:

• from 2 to 6 years, 1/2 tablet is prescribed at a time;
• from 7 to 12 years, one full tablet is allowed;
• Children over 12 years of age are allowed to take two tablets at a time.

In some cases, this form can also be taken by children under one year of age. Especially when it comes to a very high temperature with the appearance of seizures. In such cases, the use of the medicine is allowed in the following dosage:

• from birth to 3 months, the dosage is 10 mg per kilogram;
• from 3 months to a year, the maximum daily dose is 120 mg;
• from one year to 2 years, the maximum daily dose is 150 mg.

Syrup

This dosage form has a liquid consistency and a pleasant taste, so children swallow it easily. Syrup can be given as early as two months. Sometimes doctors, taking into account the child’s condition at the time of illness, can prescribe syrup in the first weeks of life.

The kit includes a convenient dispenser syringe or measuring spoon, with which the exact amount of suspension is measured. The drug should not be diluted with water; it is better to give the child something to drink after taking it.

The exact dosage is drawn according to the divisions on the syringe:

• from birth to 6 months, the dosage is calculated by the attending physician;
• from 6 months to one year, the maximum dosage is 5 mg, the minimum is 2.5 mg;
• up to 3 years, the dosage is 5 – 7.5 mg;
• from 3 to 6 years – the maximum dosage is 10 mg;
• from 7 to 12 years – about 15 mg.

The medicine begins to act within 30 minutes after administration. At high temperatures, the syrup is given for no more than three days. As a painkiller, the drug can be taken for up to five days.

An analogue of the drug Paracetamol is Panadol. It is approved for children aged 3 months and older. Panadol Baby can be used to relieve fever, inflammation and pain. Can also be used after vaccinations.

Features of application

Before giving medicine to a child, you should consult your pediatrician. He will prescribe the correct dosage and tell you about the rules of administration.

• The dosage of the drug depends on the age and weight of the child.
• Paracetamol tablets should be given to relieve fever at intervals of 6 hours. No more than four times a day.
• In children under the age of one year, the temperature should be reduced if it rises above 38 degrees.
• Paracetamol should not be given to infants for more than three days. Their internal organs are not yet fully formed, which creates an extra load on the liver.
• This antipyretic should not be given for prophylaxis.
• For a small child, the tablet must first be dissolved in water.
• You should not use a tablet intended for adults - it is impossible to accurately determine the dosage.
• Nurofen is more irritating to the stomach than Panadol. Therefore, it is better to stop at the last drug.

Tips for taking medications that contain paracetamol

• There are various forms of release of this active ingredient. It can be in candles, syrups or in the form of a suspension. They are best suited for children under one year old.
• To reduce the harmful effects on the liver, the medicine should be given after meals.
• A dosage of 150 mg per kilogram of weight is dangerous for a child’s body.
• An overdose can be recognized by the following symptoms: the skin becomes pale, nausea and vomiting appear. In this case, you need to urgently consult a doctor.

Sometimes, when the temperature is high and falls heavily, children are prescribed two drugs at the same time: Nurofen and Paracetamol. These drugs are given at intervals. Nurofen acts quickly and the effect is longer lasting.

You can combine Nurofen with paracetamol at the same time. In this case, half the dose is taken from each drug.

Contraindications

• Overdose of the drug and frequent use, which negatively affects the functioning of the liver, are not allowed. Nausea and vomiting appear.
• Individual intolerance to the components of the drug. Allergic reactions may occur.
• For children under two years of age, paracetamol should be given with caution - the drug can cause asthma.
• Do not give two paracetamol-based medications at the same time. This will lead to poisoning of the body. Can be given with other antipyretics, for example, Nurofen.
• An overdose can occur if the interval between doses of the medication is not observed. It is better to combine drug treatment with folk remedies.
• The drug is contraindicated for diseases such as anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and disorders of the kidneys and liver.

If at least one symptom appears, then this medicine should be replaced with another. Nurofen causes allergies less often and causes less harm to internal organs. Just like paracetamol, Nurofen is available in the form of suppositories, tablets and syrup.

There are many medications in pharmacies that contain paracetamol. Panadol is available in tablets, suppositories and syrups. Panadol Baby is specially produced for the little ones

Do not forget that all medications must be kept away from children. It is better to store medications for adults separately from children, so that during the period of illness the child does not mix up medications due to increased anxiety.

Before giving paracetamol to a child, you should consult your doctor. It is he who will tell you which dosage form is best to choose and whether it is worth combining it with other antipyretics. Calculate the exact permitted dosage. Only by following the rules and recommendations can you reduce side effects and overdose.

Among the most popular and frequently used drugs to stabilize the condition in children is paracetamol. It is on the WHO list as a safe, effective and at the same time inexpensive medicine. How to take paracetamol tablets for children, taking into account the dosage.

Features of the drug

The medicine was first used in medical practice in 1886 under the name Acetanilide. Paracetamol is a non-narcotic analgesic with weak anti-inflammatory properties. It has an analgesic and antipyretic effect. The product should be in every home medicine cabinet, in a family with children.

Important: The effectiveness of the drug has been clinically tested, the mechanism of action and the degree of its safety have been studied.

The pharmacy chain sells the product for children in several dosage forms. These are suppositories, sweet syrup, in the form of a suspension, as well as paracetamol in tablets. The medicine is quickly absorbed, the effect is expected from 30 minutes to one hour after administration, the effect on the body lasts up to 4 hours. The produced drug contains 200, 325 and 500 mg of paracetamol. For children, 200 mg tablets are more acceptable.

Indications for use

The drug is indicated for symptomatic treatment. To eliminate pain of various origins. For diseases accompanied by fever.

Paracetamol tablets are used in the following cases:

• for headaches and toothaches;
• decrease in temperature during influenza or ARVI;
• risk of developing convulsive syndrome;
• infectious diseases - chickenpox, rubella, measles and others;
• teething;
• injuries, burns.

Taking the drug does not allow the parallel use of other medications containing paracetamol. When taking the pill does not reduce the child's temperature, you should use other medications or non-drug remedies. Do not give the drug again immediately. In any case, self-medication is unacceptable; you need to seek medical help.

Parents should understand that the drug is not used for treatment. Paracetamol for children only relieves symptoms. It is necessary to find out the cause of the disease and treat the child in accordance with the doctor’s prescriptions.

Rules for administration and dosage

The drug is a white powder with a slight tint. It dissolves in alcohol, but not in water. How to take paracetamol tablets correctly for the treatment of children? The medicine is used when the temperature on the thermometer is more than 38° C. Each age group has its own conditions for administration and dosage calculation.

For a small child, 10–15 mg of active substance per kilogram of weight is enough. Babies up to one year old are given syrup or suspension. Suppositories can be used for infants after three months; the dosage is determined by the doctor in each specific case.

The tablet form is contraindicated for children under 3 years of age, and not recommended for children under 6 years of age. For the age group from 3 to 6 years, you can take one tablet (200 mg) at a time. Children with low weight can be given half a tablet. Children after six years old can take 1.5–2 pills. From 6 to 12 years old, one tablet is prescribed, the dosage of paracetamol is 350 mg. Children over 12 years of age are given 500 mg of paracetamol. The frequency of administration is no more than four times a day, with an interval of 4 hours.

How to take the drug if the child cannot swallow the pill? For babies, it can be crushed by adding a small amount of water. Take the drug 2 hours after meals. The drug is prescribed for no more than 3 days, for children under 6 years of age, for older children, treatment can be extended up to 5 days.

Contraindications

When giving paracetamol to children, the dosage of the drug in tablets must be correctly calculated. Proportions must be observed so as not to harm the baby’s body weakened by the disease. Despite the fact that the product is quite safe, it is still a chemical substance, it has a number of contraindications:

• You should not give paracetamol to a child with individual intolerance;
• children under two years old;
• for erosive gastrointestinal diseases;
• with increased potassium levels in the blood;
• allergy to acetylsalicylic acid;
• the medicine is contraindicated for a child with liver or kidney pathology.

Important: Do not overdose the medicine. If the temperature does not decrease, the pill can be given again only after 4–5 hours.

You can alternately give two drugs, for example, Nurofen with paracetamol, strictly observing the intervals. Both medications are given at the same time, using half the dose of each.

Side effects

If the dose of paracetamol is too high, drug poisoning may occur. A dose of 1.5 g of active substance for every 10 kg of body weight can lead to poisoning, that is, 7.5 tablets should be taken. Long-term use leads to liver destruction and kidney dysfunction. The following symptoms may occur:

• bloating, pain, nausea, vomiting;
• decreased hemoglobin levels;
• renal colic;
• child lethargy or increased excitability;
• allergic reactions and the development of bronchial asthma.

When purchasing a drug, you should check the expiration date. At home, the medicine should be stored in a place where the child cannot get it, while maintaining the recommended temperature. To prevent undesirable consequences, and at the same time alleviate the child’s condition, you should strictly follow all the doctor’s recommendations.

Video

active substance: paracetamol;

1 tablet contains paracetamol 200 mg or 500 mg

Excipients: corn starch, potato starch, gelatin, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid.

Dosage form

Pills.

Tablets are white or almost white, flat-cylindrical, scored and chamfered.

Manufacturer name and location

PJSC "Lugansk Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plant".

91019, Ukraine, Lugansk, st. Kirova, 17.

Pharmacological group

Analgesics and antipyretics. Paracetamol. ATS code N02B E01.

Analgesic, antipyretic. The mechanism of action is due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis due to inhibition of COX and other mediators of pain and inflammation mainly in the central nervous system, as well as a decrease in the excitability of the thermoregulation center of the hypothalamus.

After oral administration, it is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract, mainly from the upper intestines. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is achieved 30-60 minutes after oral administration. Binding to plasma proteins is variable. Metabolized in the liver to form paracetamol glucuronide and sulfate. Penetrates the blood-brain barrier and is excreted into breast milk. The half-life is 1-4 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys, mainly in the form of metabolites, less than 5% is excreted unchanged. In elderly patients, the clearance of paracetamol decreases, and the half-life increases.

Indications

Major pain, including migraine and tension headache, back pain, rheumatic pain, muscle pain, periodic pain in women, neuralgia, toothache; relieving cold and flu symptoms such as fever, aches, and pain.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, severe dysfunction of the liver and / or kidneys, congenital hyperbilirubinemia, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alcoholism, blood diseases, severe anemia, leukopenia.

Proper safety precautions for use

It is necessary to consult a doctor regarding the possibility of using the drug in patients with impaired renal and liver function.

Keep in mind that in patients with alcoholic liver damage, the risk of hepatotoxic action of paracetamol increases; the drug may affect the results of laboratory tests on the levels of glucose and uric acid in the blood.

Exceed the indicated doses.

Do not take the drug with other products containing paracetamol.

If symptoms do not go away, you should consult a doctor.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy. Prescribing the drug during these periods is possible only if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.

Breastfeeding period. Paracetamol passes into breast milk, but in clinically insignificant quantities. Available published data do not contain any contraindications for breastfeeding.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or other mechanisms

Does not affect.

Directions for use and doses

The drug is intended for oral administration.

Adults and children over 12 years old 500-1000 mg every 4-6 hours if necessary, with an interval of at least 4:00 between doses. No more than 4000 mg in 24 hours.

Children (6-12 years old): 200-500 mg every 4-6 hours if necessary, with an interval of at least 4:00 between doses. No more than 2000 mg in 24 hours. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor individually.

Overdose

Liver damage is possible in adults who took 10 g or more paracetamol, and in children who took more than 150 mg/kg body weight. In patients with risk factors (long-term treatment with carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, St. John's wort or other drugs that induce liver enzymes; regular intake of excess amounts of ethanol; glutathione cachexia (digestive disorders, cystic fibrosis, HIV infection, hunger, cachexia) , taking 5 g or more of paracetamol may cause liver damage.

Symptoms of overdose in the first 24 hours: pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and abdominal pain. Liver damage may appear 12-48 hours after an overdose. Impaired glucose metabolism and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe Pechinkov poisoning, deficiency can progress to encephalopathy, hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, coma and death. Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis can manifest as severe lumbar pain, hematuria, proteinuria and develop even in the absence of severe liver damage. Cardiac arrhythmia and pancreatitis were also noted.

With long-term use of the drug in large doses, the hematopoietic organs may develop aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. When taking large doses, on the part of the nervous system - dizziness, psychomotor agitation and disorientation; from the urinary system - nephrotoxicity (renal colic, interstitial nephritis, capillary necrosis).

In case of overdose, emergency medical care is required. The patient should be taken to Lee Carney immediately, even if there are no early symptoms of overdose. Symptoms may be limited to nausea and vomiting, or may not reflect the severity of overdose or the risk of organ damage. Treatment with activated charcoal should be considered if an excessive dose of paracetamol is used within 1:00. Plasma concentrations of paracetamol should be measured 4:00 or later after administration (earlier concentrations are not reliable).

Treatment N-acetylcysteine ​​can be used within 24 hours after taking paracetamol, but the maximum protective effect is obtained when it is used within 8 hours after taking it. The effectiveness of the antidote decreases sharply after this time. If necessary, the patient is administered N-acetylcysteine ​​intravenously, according to the established list of doses. In the absence of vomiting, oral methionine may be used as an appropriate alternative in remote areas outside the hospital.

Side effects

Adverse reactions to paracetamol are very rare (<1/10000):

• allergic reactions: anaphylactic shock, skin itching, rash on the skin and mucous membranes (usually a generalized rash, erythematous, urticaria), angioedema, exudative erythema multiforme (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome), toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome)
• from the digestive tract: nausea, epigastric pain, increased activity of liver enzymes, usually without the development of jaundice;
• from the endocrine system: hypoglycemia, up to hypoglycemic coma;
• from the hematopoietic organs: anemia, sulfhemoglobinemia and methemoglobinemia (cyanosis, shortness of breath, pain in the heart), hemolytic anemia
• respiratory system disorders: bronchospasm in patients sensitive to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs.

Interaction with other drugs and other types of interactions

The rate of absorption of paracetamol may be increased metoclopramide And domperidone and decrease cholestyramine. Anticoagulant effect warfarin and others coumarins may be aggravated by simultaneous long-term regular daily use of paracetamol, with an increased risk of bleeding. Periodic use does not have a significant effect.

Barbiturates reduce the antipyretic effect of paracetamol.

Anticonvulsants drugs (including phenytoin, barbiturates, carbamazepine), which stimulate the activity of microsomal liver enzymes can increase the toxic effects of paracetamol on the liver due to an increase in the degree of conversion of the drug to hepatotoxic metabolites. When using paracetamol simultaneously with hepatotoxic agents the toxic effect of drugs on the liver increases.

Concomitant use of high doses of paracetamol with isoniazid increases the risk of developing hepatotoxic syndrome. Paracetamol reduces effectiveness diuretics.

Do not use simultaneously with alcohol.

Best before date

Storage conditions

No special storage conditions are needed. Store in original packaging. Keep out of the reach of children!

Package

Tablets of 200 mg, 10 tablets in a blister, tablets of 500 mg, 10 tablets in a blister or strip; 500 mg tablets, 10 tablets per strip, 5 strips per pack.

Instructions

Paracetamol 500 is an analgesic drug. It is used for pain, fever and as an anti-inflammatory. The safest medicine among non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of its group.

Composition and action

One 500 mg tablet contains:

• active substance: paracetamol;
• excipients: gelatin, potato starch, talc, glycerol, calcium stearate.

Drugs produced by different companies may differ slightly in the composition of excipients.

It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypothermic effects. Used to relieve pain and toothache. Used for discomfort and fever due to lesions of the genitourinary system and kidney diseases.

Release form

White tablets 500 mg, 10 pcs. in plastic blisters or in paper currency, packed in a cardboard box. The shape of the tablets varies depending on the manufacturing company.

Pharmacological properties of the drug Paracetamol 500

The medication blocks cyclooxygenase in the central nervous system.

Pharmacodynamics

Due to vasodilation and increased blood flow in the closed system of the heart and blood vessels, a decrease in body temperature occurs during fever.

Does not irritate the mucous membranes of the digestive system. Slows down the synthesis of prostaglandins, affecting the area of ​​thermoregulation in the hypothalamus.

It does not affect the synthesis of prostaglandins in muscles and adipose tissue, resulting in the drug having no negative effect on water-salt metabolism and mucous tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. Has no effect on blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

Quickly absorbed into body tissues. After ingestion, it is completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. The highest concentration in the blood is achieved 2-3 hours after administration. Evenly distributed throughout the tissues of the body. The ability of cells to absorb this drug in children and adults is almost the same. Less than 1% of the drug enters the breast milk of lactating women.

With an overdose or deficiency of the tripeptide γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine, cell death of the liver parenchyma can occur.

Most of the drug substances are metabolized in the liver when combined with glucuronide, with sulfate and during oxidation with the help of mixed organ oxidases and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase.

The half-life is approximately 2-2.5 hours. In elderly patients and patients with liver disorders, it increases. One day after consuming the drug, about 80-90% of the substances are excreted through the kidneys in the form of glucoronides and sulfates.

Indications for use

• headache, migraine;
• toothache;
• neuralgia;
• muscle pain;
• menstrual pain;
• pain from injuries, burns;
• increased temperature in infectious and inflammatory diseases.

For pyelonephritis

Used as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent for pyelonephritis.

For cystitis

Prescribed as a complex antipyretic in the treatment of cystitis, which may be accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

For urethritis

For urethritis it is used as a pain reliever.

Urolithiasis disease

The drug relieves pain when kidney stones pass.

Use of the drug Paracetamol 500

Tablets or capsules are taken orally between meals with plenty of clean water.

Adults, older adults, and adolescents over 12 years of age take 1,000 mg every 4 hours. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 4000 mg. Divide the required daily dose into 4 doses.

This drug can be given in tablet form to children over 2 years of age. For every kilogram of weight there is no more than 10 mg of the drug. Apply at intervals of every 3-4 hours, no more than 4 times a day. Before use, crush the tablet to a powder and add a little water. When compiling a children's dosage, it is necessary not to exceed the specified norm in order to avoid negative effects on the child's body.

At fever, the duration of treatment should not be more than 3 days in a row. If after this period the temperature continues to remain high, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Contraindications when using Paracetamol 500

The use of the medication is prohibited in the following cases:

• intolerance to the components of the drug;
• age up to 6 years;
• severe liver and kidney disorders;
• severe blood diseases;
• erosions or stomach ulcers;
• chronic alcoholism;
• viral hepatitis;
• benign hyperbilirubinemia: Gilbert's syndrome;
• lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the body.

Side effects

From the cardiovascular system: thrombocytopenia, decreased white blood cell count, pancytopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis.

From the gastrointestinal tract: heartburn, nausea, vomiting, belching, heaviness in the abdomen, rumbling, diarrhea, toxic liver poisoning.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, urticaria, angioedema, Quincke's edema.

Overdose

This medication has extremely low toxicity, but if taken in extremely high doses it can lead to serious consequences for the body.

There are 4 stages of overdose with this drug:

1. Acute intoxication of the body. It develops 1-2 hours after administration and lasts about a day. At this stage, such general signs of illness as weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, and pale skin are characteristic.
2. Damage to the tissue of the gallbladder, liver and bile ducts begins. Develops within 1-2 days from the start of treatment. Symptoms characteristic of the first stage begin to intensify. The amount of urine excreted decreases. The patient feels pain and heaviness in the right side.
3. Symptoms of liver damage increase between 72 and 96 hours. The skin becomes yellowish in color, the level of liver enzymes increases, the pain in the right side intensifies, the following are observed: complete loss of appetite, constant vomiting, tachycardia, bleeding, hallucinations, and a severe decrease in urine output.
4. In the period from 5 days to 2 weeks, either the restoration of damaged body tissues or the death of the patient occurs.

In case of overdose, it is necessary to rinse the stomach. Take a large amount of clean water (about 1 liter) and induce vomiting. If symptoms worsen, seek medical help immediately.

special instructions

The dosage regimen depends on the age and condition of the patient.

Can I take it during pregnancy and lactation?

During clinical studies, no embryotoxic, teratogenic or mutagenic effects on the fetus were detected.

Less than 1% of the drug passes into breast milk.

Use in childhood

The drug in tablets can be given to children who are at least 2 years old. For every kilogram of a child’s weight, no more than 10 mg of medication should be taken.

For impaired renal function

Do not take if you have severe renal impairment.

For liver dysfunction

Do not take if you have severe liver dysfunction.

Drug interactions

When used with inducers of microsomal liver enzymes and agents that have a negative effect on the organ, the toxic effect increases.

When used with substances that reduce blood clotting (anticoagulants) and prevent the formation of blood clots, the time period for plasma clotting increases.

When used with substances that block the action of the natural mediator - acetylcholine - on cholinergic receptors, the absorption of the active substance of the drug may be reduced. When used with oral contraceptives, the time for elimination of the active substance from the body increases and its analgesic effect decreases.

When used with anti-gout drugs, their effectiveness decreases. When used with activated carbon, the absorption of the active substance is reduced. When used with Diazepam, it is possible to reduce the release of the latter.