Cystitis in women, symptoms and treatment are quick and simple. Acute and chronic cystitis in women: symptoms and treatment

Pain in the lower abdomen that increases with urination, frequent urge to urinate, blood in the urine and its unusual color - all these signs undoubtedly alarm any person. In most cases, behind these manifestations lies an unpleasant disease such as cystitis.

Cystitis is an inflammatory process in the lining of the bladder. Most often it occurs due to a bacterial infection. Despite a favorable prognosis in most cases, the disease can be severe and is usually accompanied by painful symptoms.

Who is susceptible to the disease?

According to studies, 50% of women have had cystitis at least once during their lives. The fact that this disease often affects women, however, does not mean that men are immune from it. The disease can also develop in children, including infants.

Cystitis in adults

The disease is much more common in females. This is due to the physiological characteristics of the structure of the female body. The main ones are the shorter and wider urethra, as well as the fact that the opening of the canal in women is closer to the anus, which makes it easier for bacteria of intestinal origin from feces to enter the urethral opening.

The clinical picture of cystitis in women and men also differs. When the disease occurs in men, frequent urination is typical. In addition, acute cystitis in representatives of the stronger sex is accompanied by pain that also extends to the external genitalia, febrile hyperthermia and signs of general intoxication. At the same time, men are much more likely than women to suffer from chronic cystitis, which is not accompanied by severe symptoms.

Cystitis in childhood

The disease occurs with almost equal frequency in boys and girls, although it is most common in girls aged 4 to 12 years.

Common causes of cystitis in children include the following:

anatomical pathologies and structural anomalies of the external genital organs, for example, narrowing of the foreskin in boys;
pathologies of the structure of the internal organs of the genitourinary system;
insufficient hygiene of the genital organs, in infants – untimely change of diapers;
vitamin deficiencies and other conditions and diseases that provoke a sharp decrease in immunity;
hypothermia;
drug therapy using certain groups of drugs, in particular sulfonamides;
genetic predisposition.

Primary diagnosis in young children is difficult due to the lack of speech and the difficulty of controlling urinary frequency. Signs of cystitis include darkening of the urine, the presence of sediment in it, and involuntary urination during the day.
In case of illness in children under one year of age, treatment is carried out in a hospital setting. The treatment regimen in childhood is based on the body's sensitivity to drugs; it is recommended to avoid antibiotic therapy if possible.

Signs of cystitis

In most cases, when cystitis occurs, symptoms include the following:

frequent, strong urge to urinate with a small amount of fluid released;
burning in the urethra during urine excretion;
discomfort, pain in the pelvis, pubis, lower abdomen, genitals (in men);
low-grade or febrile hyperthermia (depending on how acute the disease is), general malaise, symptoms of intoxication of the body.

Signs of cystitis also include changes in the color of urine. The liquid darkens, turbidity, the presence of sediment, and clots of pus can be visually detected in it. In severe cases, hematuria and the presence of blood in the urine are noted.

Sometimes the pathological process spreads to the kidneys. In this case, symptoms of kidney inflammation are typical: pain in the lower back, high fever, nausea, vomiting.

Classification of cystitis

Depending on the severity of symptoms, the disease is divided into chronic and acute cystitis. The chronic form of cystitis can be asymptomatic, however, periods of exacerbation are periodically observed in this form. Acute cystitis usually develops when the infection first enters the genitourinary organs.

Acute cystitis

Based on the results of an analysis of the nature and extent of damage to the walls of the bladder, several forms of cystitis are classified. The most common are catarrhal, hemorrhagic and ulcerative forms.

Acute cystitis is more common in the catarrhal form, which affects the upper layers of the mucous membrane of the bladder, which leads to its swelling and hyperthermia. The first stage of this form is serous, the second, which develops with rapid infection or lack of treatment, is purulent, characterized by increased inflammation of the mucous membrane and the presence of purulent inclusions in the urine.

With hemorrhagic acute cystitis, the process of blood penetration into the urine is observed. This form occurs due to the spread of the inflammatory process to the location of the blood vessels.

Signs of ulcerative cystitis are ulceration of the membranes of the bladder, penetration of inflammation into the muscle tissue of the organ and their necrosis.

Symptoms of acute cystitis

In acute cystitis, pain, burning, and pain during urination become severe.

The general condition of the patient is unsatisfactory: symptoms of intoxication of the body are observed against the background of an increase in body temperature (headaches, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, weakness).

Purulent inclusions are noticeable in the excreted urine; in the hemorrhagic form, the presence of blood is visually determined by a color change: from pink to burgundy-brown.

Chronic inflammation of the bladder

A common cause of the development of the chronic form is the incompleteness of the course of treatment for acute cystitis. If the patient interrupts taking medications as soon as severe symptoms pass, the infectious agent not only remains in the body, it develops resistance to the antibiotic used, and the lining of the bladder is not restored to its original state.

Such negligence leads to the development of a chronic form of cystitis that is difficult to treat. Exacerbations of chronic cystitis occur against the background of minor provoking factors, which leads to increased symptoms of an unpleasant disease. To avoid such consequences and cure cystitis, if acute cystitis is diagnosed, it is necessary to continue the course of antibacterial therapy until clinical signs of recovery are detected, regardless of the absence of unpleasant symptoms.

The second most common reason for the development of an inflammatory process in the walls of the bladder is the presence of undiagnosed or untreated genitourinary diseases. Vulvovaginitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, infections of the reproductive and urinary system, sexually transmitted diseases are a breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms, involving surrounding organs and tissues in the inflammatory process.

Immune disorders and deficiencies, pathologies of the structure of the genital organs, due to impaired urine outflow or decreased body resistance, can also provoke the development of a chronic form of cystitis.

In some cases, specialists diagnose an interstitial form, which at the moment has an unclear etiology.

Symptoms of chronic cystitis

In the chronic form, the clinical picture of the disease can be characterized by the absence of any symptoms (more often in men) and appear only during laboratory tests and instrumental examination of the patient.

There is a chronic form of the disease with frequent episodes of acute cystitis (from 2 times a year), with rare ones (1 or less exacerbations per year) and a stage of remission.

The interstitial form is marked by instability of the alternation of exacerbations and remissions, unpredictability of the course, and the body's reaction.

The general symptoms of the chronic form are not expressed outside of periods of exacerbations, during which the clinical picture corresponds to the acute stages of cystitis.

Reasons for the development of cystitis

So, we figured out how cystitis manifests itself. But what causes this disease? The most common cause of cystitis is infection. The causative agents can be bacteria, or less commonly, viruses or other microorganisms. However, cases of non-infectious inflammation are also observed. According to these criteria, all cases are divided into two main groups.

Routes of infection for bacterial cystitis

If a person develops bacterial cystitis, the reasons always lie in infection of the lining of the bladder. This circumstance is the most common cause of cystitis. The most common infectious agents that cause inflammation in the bladder are Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli, E.coli), staphylococcus (Staphylococcus) and streptococcus group (Streptococcus).

Other bacterial pathogens include:

Klebsiella;
proteas (Proteus);
Koch's bacillus, mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis);
pale treponema (Treponema pallidum);
gonococcus (Neisseria gonorrhoeae);
vaginal trichomonas (Trichomonas vaginalis);
mycoplasma, etc.

The development of an inflammatory process of bacterial etiology occurs against the background of the presence of appropriate conditions for the proliferation of microorganisms, in which local immunity cannot cope with the number or growth rate of the bacterial colony. This occurs with a decrease in protective forces (for example, with hypothermia of the body) or an increased number of infectious agents, the introduction of varieties that disrupt the local flora (with frequent sexual intercourse, changing partners, poor hygiene, catheterization of the urinary canal, etc.). In such cases, the infection is considered to be ascending, entering the bladder through the urethra.

An increased likelihood of inflammatory processes occurring in the membranes exists in patients with diabetes mellitus, since an increased amount of sugar in the urine creates favorable conditions for the proliferation of most pathogenic organisms.

However, the bacterial form can also have a descending nature; for example, during infectious processes in the kidneys, bacteria can descend into the bladder through the ureters.

Penetration of bacteria into the cavity of the bladder is also possible from foci of inflammation in the lymph nodes. The hematogenous route of infection is noted when the pathogen penetrates the bladder cavity through the blood, which happens in the presence of septic processes in the body.

Viral form of the disease

The viral form is a consequence of a decrease in general immunity. Damage to the membranes of the bladder can occur against the background of a current disease of viral etiology or be provoked by latent viruses that were in the inactive stage in the body.

Viral diseases such as influenza, parainfluenza, herpes, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus infection often cause inflammation of the bladder. Acute viral cystitis is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine. There is also a change in the blood supply to the walls of the bladder under the influence of viruses. Often, with cystitis of viral etiology, a secondary bacterial form develops due to weakening of local immunity.

Fungal form

The most common causative agent of this form is the Candida fungus. Most often, the infection process is ascending in nature, the fungus enters the bladder through the urethra, but a descending form can be observed: with oral candidiasis, the infection enters the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system, as well as direct infection when using a contaminated catheter.

Non-infectious forms of the disease

Not in all cases the pathology is caused by some kind of infection. Non-infectious cystitis is usually no less severe than infectious cystitis and has its own treatment characteristics. The most common non-infectious cystitis is medicinal, allergic and interstitial.

Medicinal form

The medicinal form occurs after treatment of some other diseases with certain types of drugs that irritate the walls of the bladder. These may be cytostatic drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide), some groups of antibiotics, sulfonamides.

Allergic form

Allergic reactions can affect not only the external mucous membranes and skin, but also many internal organs, such as the bladder. The allergic form develops due to the body’s reaction to the allergens that enter it. As a result, eosinophilic infiltrates can form on the inner lining of the bladder, which is reflected in the appearance of symptoms of allergic cystitis.

Interstitial cystitis

The pathogenesis of this form has not been identified, there are assumptions about the influence of autoimmune, neurogenic factors, neuropathies, inflammatory processes in other organs, disorders of nitric oxide metabolism, etc. In this form, the symptoms of cystitis are not accompanied by an inflammatory process in the membranes, which complicates the diagnosis and treatment of the disease .

Other non-infectious forms

Other non-infectious forms include:

radiation,
chemical,
traumatic,
thermal.

The radiation form can develop as a result of irradiation of the pelvic area, usually during the treatment of cancer. The chemical form is a burn to the bladder when caustic substances enter its cavity.

The traumatic form occurs after injury to the genitourinary system. If surgical intervention leads to this form, then it is specified as a postoperative form of cystitis. The thermal form appears due to prolonged exposure to high or low temperatures in the pelvic area.

Diagnostics

If you suspect a disease, you should consult a urologist. The diagnosis is made by collecting anamnesis, clinical picture, and laboratory tests of the patient’s blood and urine. Instrumental research methods can be used: ultrasound, cystoscopy, endoscopy.

Treatment of cystitis

What to do if you have cystitis? Like any other disease, it must be treated. It should be remembered that effective treatment is impossible without an accurate diagnosis of the cause of cystitis.

It is known that for cystitis, the main treatment method is drug therapy. Within its framework, the patient is prescribed effective drugs, the type of which depends on the nature of the disease. For a bacterial pathogen, antibiotics are prescribed, for a fungal process - fungicides, for an allergic process - antihistamines. Also, for acute cystitis, antispasmodics, analgesics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. If necessary, additional therapy is carried out to improve the immune status. Preparations based on medicinal herbs, such as Canephron, have also shown high effectiveness in treating chronic cystitis. Folk remedies and herbal decoctions with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects are also popular.

Part of therapy for cystitis is following a diet that limits foods that irritate the mucous membrane of the bladder (spicy, salty, pickled, smoked foods). Plenty of warm drinks are prescribed: fruit drinks, herbal infusions, compotes.

In acute cystitis, it is important not to limit the course of antibacterial therapy to the moment the signs of the disease disappear. Untreated acute cystitis with a high frequency becomes chronic, resulting in frequent relapses and threatening the overall health of a person.

Bladder inflammation is diagnosed in almost every representative of the fair sex. Even little girls are not immune from this disease. But what is cystitis in women and how to treat it? What is the reason for such a high prevalence of the disease?

What is cystitis in women

Cystitis is an inflammatory lesion of the bladder mucosa. The disease develops as a result of infection entering the body. The susceptibility of the female sex to this disease is easily explained by the anatomical features of the body: the wide and short urethra, located next to the vagina, serves as an excellent “ladder” for viruses and bacteria to enter the bladder.

There are a number of factors contributing to the development of cystitis:

Weakened immunity. Completely healthy women have a minimal chance of developing cystitis: their body easily copes with the “invasion” of the infection. If the immune system fails, then any pathogenic bacteria can provoke an inflammatory process.
Constant hypothermia. The habit of sitting on a bench in winter and wearing short jackets during frost quickly causes cystitis. Regular freezing is very harmful to the female body: in addition to inflammation of the bladder, there is a risk of developing several gynecological problems.
Poor nutrition, severe stress. Each of these factors can become a trigger for the development of infection. An unbalanced diet and constant worries first of all hit the immune system, and it later “thanks” the woman with the help of cystitis.
Frequent and prolonged ignoring of the urge to urinate. Stagnant urine serves as a breeding ground for pathogens - hence inflammation. In addition, a full bladder over time partially loses its ability to perform its functions, which can lead to urinary incontinence.
Chronic kidney problems. These organs are the weak point of most women. The kidneys are very sensitive to the lifestyle of their owner. In particular, they quickly react to hypothermia and become inflamed. Subsequently, the infection, moving downward, enters the bladder.
Failure to comply with hygiene rules. You just need to change your underwear irregularly or rarely change pads/tampons to create a suitable background for pathogens to multiply and enter the bladder.

Cystitis can develop as an independent disease, and it is called primary. Sometimes inflammation occurs as a result of another pathology, for example, urethritis, pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, etc.; then the disease is considered secondary. The symptoms of cystitis in women are the same in any case. But if the problem with the bladder is accompanied by some other pathology, then treatment should be comprehensive and aimed at all affected organs.

Cystitis in women: symptoms

Treatment of any disease begins with an analysis of the patient’s complaints. Women mostly come to the doctor concerned:

frequent urge to urinate with extremely meager volumes of urine excreted;
discomfort in the lower abdomen;
cutting pain accompanying the act of urination;
constant feeling of bladder fullness;
temperatures reaching 37.2-37.7 degrees.

All these are the main signs of cystitis. The bladder, irritated by infection, gives constant signals about the need to empty itself. But since urine simply does not have time to accumulate (the desire to urinate occurs every 5-20 minutes), very little urine is released. However, immediately after completing the process, the woman may again feel a false urge in a small way.

With a temperature not exceeding subfebrile values, the body reacts to the infection that has entered it. There is no need to take antipyretics: as soon as treatment is carried out, the mark on the thermometer will return to normal. If this does not happen, you will have to undergo additional examinations, in particular from an immunologist.

Chronic cystitis in women: symptoms

In some cases, inflammation of the bladder degenerates into chronic cystitis - the symptoms in women remain the same as in the acute form of the disease:

Frequent and false urges.
Pain when urinating.
Discomfort in the pelvic organs.
Feeling of pressure in the bladder.
Fever.

But with chronic cystitis, the signs have some distinctive features. They:

become less pronounced;
on average appear 1-3 times a year.

The chronic form of the inflammatory process can be recognized precisely by regularly recurring attacks. As a rule, they occur in autumn and spring, when women suffer from vitamin deficiency and often become hypothermic.

Complicated cystitis: symptoms

Treatment of bladder inflammation in women can be somewhat more difficult than usual if the disease develops according to a complicated “scenario”. The following signs indicate such a course of the disease:

High temperature exceeding 38 degrees. There is a risk that the infection additionally “hit” the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis. In addition to fever, severe pain in the lumbar region and overall very poor health may be observed.
Blood in the urine (hematuria). Talks about hemorrhagic cystitis. The infection penetrated the bladder so deeply that it affected the blood vessels and caused bleeding. Sometimes hematuria also signals other diseases, mainly affecting the kidneys or urethra.
Fatigue, heart pain, general weakness. The hemorrhagic form of the disease can smoothly develop into iron deficiency anemia, provoked by constant bleeding. This pathology is indicated by such symptoms.

Cystitis is especially dangerous for pregnant women. An inflamed bladder interferes with the normal flow of urine, putting extra strain on the kidneys and creating a risk for the fetus.

Treatment regimen for cystitis in women

Therapy must be carried out under the supervision of a qualified specialist. Self-treatment risks the disease becoming chronic.
There are several stages that a woman will have to go through:

Diagnostics. It includes a number of studies with which the doctor can confirm bladder inflammation:

general urine and blood tests;
bacterial culture of urine;
urine analysis according to Nechiporenko;
PCR diagnostics (to detect infectious diseases);
Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder;
if necessary, examination by a gynecologist, cystoscopy, uroflowmetry, analysis for sexually transmitted diseases.

Prescribing medications. Medicines are selected taking into account the nature and characteristics of cystitis:

if the causative agent is bacteria, then antibiotics are prescribed (Monural, Nolitsin, Palin);
if the disease is viral in nature, antiviral agents are recommended (Cidofovir, Vidarabine, Risperidone);
to get rid of hematuria, medications are prescribed that strengthen blood vessels and prevent bleeding (Dition, Etamzilat);
To relieve pain, appropriate medications are used (No-spa, Papaverine, Analgin).

Phytotherapy. Medicinal plants have a diuretic effect, can reduce inflammation and relieve spasms. The following can be used as herbal medicine:

herbal pharmaceutical preparations (Cyston, Canephron, Fitolysin);
self-prepared drinks (cranberry juice, decoctions and infusions of St. John's wort, chamomile, hop cones, birch leaves).

Lifestyle changes. This point applies to the entire period of treatment. A woman should:

do not overcool;
avoid spicy, spicy, salty and fried foods;
give up soda, alcohol, strong coffee;
observe the rules of hygiene;
do not tolerate the urge to urinate.

If therapy is carried out not in a hospital, but at home, then for the first 2-3 days of the acute phase of the disease it is better to adhere to bed rest.

Signs of cystitis in women and its treatment is information that every girl should be familiarized with. After all, almost all health problems arise due to the fact that an adult and independent person simply does not know which doctor to go to, or considers it unnecessary. Children should develop a responsible attitude towards their bodies, because their future depends on it.

Cystitis is a very dangerous disease that can lead to serious complications. It needs to be treated from the first days. How you can quickly and effectively get rid of cystitis in women, we will talk about symptoms and treatment at home in our article.

If you notice the first symptoms of this disease in time and do not let the disease take its course, it can be completely cured at home, observing bed rest and adhering to the prescribed course of treatment.

The main symptoms of cystitis, which indicate that it is necessary to urgently begin treatment:

and burning when urinating.
Difficulty urinating with constant urge.

Cystitis has 3 forms:

Acute - occurs a couple of hours after hypothermia or other circumstances accompanying inflammation. Accompanied by severe pain and discomfort.

Recurrent – is a consequence of improper self-medication, when the disease flares up with renewed vigor every 2-3 weeks. May indicate other diseases of the genitourinary system.

Chronic – signs of cystitis accompany the patient constantly, periodically dulling with medications.

Reasons for the development of cystitis in women

The most common cause of inflammation in cystitis in women is an infection that develops in the bladder with the penetration of microorganisms and bacteria into it.

These are E. coli, as well as other bacteria that inhabit the microflora of the intestines and vagina in women. That is, a common cause of the disease is self-infection, when the pathogen enters the urethra from the colon or vagina.

However, the disease can not only begin from the outside, but also from the inside - through the kidneys. Then we are talking about the fact that cystitis is a kind of side effect of another disease.

It is worth noting that microorganisms from the vagina and colon enter the bladder every day due to the anatomical features of the structure of the female body. But cystitis does not start in all girls and women. Why. Because for the development of the inflammatory process, the presence of certain favorable factors is necessary that reduce the body’s resistance to infections.

Here are the main factors:

, as a result of which blood circulation in the bladder mucosa slows down, making it vulnerable to pathogens.
Injuries to the vaginal mucosa during defloration, childbirth and sexual intercourse, which create a favorable environment for the development of infection.
Age and hormonal imbalances. Little girls, older women and patients with hormonal problems have low resistance to infection.
when the body's defenses are weakened. In this case, the uterus in an enlarged state can cause stagnation of urine in the bladder.

These are the factors that influence the development of cystitis in women. Symptoms and treatment at home, quickly and without complications, depend on the pathogen. Diagnostics can determine what caused the disease.

Diagnosis of the disease

Before we tell you how to treat cystitis in women, let's talk about diagnosis. It involves mandatory blood and urine tests that will help determine the cause of the disease - the causative agent of the infection.

Based on the test results, your doctor will be able to prescribe a course of antibiotics and other medications to treat your bladder.

If there is a possibility that cystitis is a consequence of another disease, the patient is prescribed an ultrasound, x-ray or CT scan.

Treatment of the disease

Treatment of cystitis in women can only be prescribed by the attending physician after diagnosis. If we are not talking about advanced forms of acute cystitis and the patient seeks help in a timely manner, this disease can be treated at home with bed rest.

Do you want to know what to do if you have cystitis? See a doctor! After all, treatment consists of a course of medications, and may also include traditional medicine and home methods. They play a supporting role and help relieve cystitis.

Correctly prescribed treatment at home will quickly return you to your normal lifestyle within 5 days and help you forget about the unpleasant illness forever.

Treatment at home prohibits any physical activity, unprotected sexual intercourse, alcohol, caffeinated drinks, soda, as well as spicy, salty and fried foods.

A pregnant woman is treated only as prescribed by the attending physician. In this situation, most drugs that affect the inflammatory process (primarily antibiotics) can harm the fetus, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Before treatment, it is necessary to undergo diagnostics and consult a doctor who will prescribe medications that are safe for the child.

Drug treatment

Treatment of cystitis at home involves prescribing a course of the following groups of drugs:

Antibacterial antimicrobial drugs. These are antibiotics that fight the cause of inflammation.
Probiotics. These are medications that contain bifidobacteria to neutralize the aggressive effects of antibiotic therapy and develop normal microflora of the gastric mucosa and pelvic organs.
Antispasmodic drugs that relieve pain.
with vitamins and mineral supplements.

Now we’ll tell you in more detail about how to treat cystitis at home quickly and effectively, talk about the characteristics of the effects of each of these groups, and also give examples of medications.

We have already written about how important it is to conduct a diagnosis before prescribing a course of antibiotics. The fact is that certain antibiotics affect certain groups of bacteria and microorganisms. In addition, each of us has an individual susceptibility to antibiotics, which the doctor can only find out from the results of blood and urine tests.

There are many antibiotics that have cured millions of women from this disease. We will tell you about the most popular ones.

Norfloxacin. As a rule, in most cases, cystitis can be quickly cured by taking a 5-day course of norfloxacin, which destroys microorganisms and is used in the treatment of many diseases of the genitourinary system. Indicated for chronic cystitis with prolongation of the course of treatment.
. A very strong drug that knows very well how to cure cystitis. It relieves acute inflammation in just one dose. This antibiotic is contraindicated in the treatment of chronic forms of the disease, since repeated use can have a negative effect on the body.
Furagin. A frequently used antimicrobial drug to treat both adult women and little girls. How quickly can you get rid of the disease? The course of treatment ranges from 7 to 10 days, depending on the condition of the disease and the doctor’s instructions.
. Effective in treating the acute form if the causative agent of cystitis is bacteria.

Probiotics

Antibiotics during the inflammatory process destroy both harmful and beneficial bacteria necessary for the mucous membrane of the stomach, bladder, vagina and colon. To completely cure cystitis at home in women, probiotics are needed.

If you do not colonize the mucous membrane with the bacteria it needs, re-inflammation will not take long to occur, and you will also have to treat another disease: dysbiosis. Its main manifestations are: stomach pain, flatulence, belching, diarrhea, constipation and thrush.

To avoid these troubles, the patient is prescribed probiotics: tablets and suppositories. Tablets populate the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract with beneficial bacteria, and suppositories populate the vagina.

The most effective drugs for oral administration are Linex, Bifiform and yogurt norms, vaginal suppositories - Vagilak.

The course of taking probiotics is 7-10 days, but in no case can it be less than the course of taking antibiotics.

Antispasmodics

One of the very first and most unpleasant symptoms of cystitis is pain and burning when urinating. Antispasmodics will help relieve this symptom. How to relieve pain? The course of treatment involves taking the following medications:

No-shpa. A common drug that quickly relieves muscle spasms and dilates blood vessels.

Ibuprofen. A very strong pain reliever that relieves fever and inflammation. It is prescribed for advanced disease, when the patient, in addition to severe pain, has a rise in body temperature.

Because these drugs are powerful, they should be taken in the dosage prescribed by your doctor and should be stopped immediately after the fever and pain subside.

They are prescribed after antibiotics for general strengthening, as well as to prevent inflammation.

. Effective in the treatment of chronic cystitis. Has a mild anti-inflammatory, diuretic and analgesic effect. It is harmless and has a minimum of contraindications. The course of treatment is 1–2 months.
Monurel is a food supplement containing cranberry extract with vitamin C. Monurel is harmless, has an antimicrobial effect and prevents the growth of bacteria on the walls of the bladder. The course of treatment is 2–3 months.
Cyston is a herbal preparation with microelements that not only fights germs and bacteria, but also dissolves kidney stones. They can be appointed for 1 month.

Traditional medicine

Such treatment at home has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include their practically harmless nature. If antibiotics have a very aggressive effect on the body, and they are completely prohibited for pregnant women, then herbal decoctions have contraindications, as a rule, in case of individual intolerance.

The disadvantages of traditional treatment include its duration. If the antibiotic relieves most of the symptoms within the first day of treatment, and eliminates the problem completely in 5 days, then the course of medicinal plants can last 1–2 months with mandatory repetition after some time.

Here are a few traditional medicines that you can use:

Yarrow decoction. For cystitis, you can prepare the following remedy at home: chop 2 teaspoons of herbs, add a glass of water, bring to a boil and leave for 1 hour. Divide into 3 servings and drink throughout the day. This decoction is good for cystitis with blood, providing a hemostatic effect.
St. John's wort infusion. 1 tbsp. Pour a spoonful of St. John's wort into a glass of boiling water and leave for 15 minutes. Drink 3 times a day, 50 g. This infusion is effective for the chronic form of the disease, but it is better not to store it for more than two days.
Infusion of parsley seeds. Pour 1 teaspoon of seeds into a glass of chilled boiling water. Leave in a warm place for 10–12 hours, then strain and drink 20 ml every 2 hours for a week.
Infusion of chamomile and calendula. 4 tbsp. spoons of chamomile and 4 tbsp. Pour 2 liters of boiling water over spoons of calendula and leave for 20 minutes. Strain and pour into a sitz bath basin. You need to take this bath 3-4 times a day.

Home treatment methods

We will tell you about home treatment methods that are effective as aids. They alleviate symptoms and make the course of the disease easier.

Warming up with red brick. Heat a piece of red brick in the oven, place it in an enamel bucket and sit on top of the bucket, wrapping your lower body in a warm blanket. You need to spend 20–30 minutes on the bucket, then wipe yourself dry and go to bed. You can do this 2 times a day. To enhance the effect of the procedure and quickly relieve an attack of cystitis at home, birch tar is dripped onto the brick. If you carry out this procedure from the first day of the disease, then after 4-5 procedures the inflammation will significantly decrease, the urge will stop and the pain during urination will go away.
. Dilute 1 tbsp. a spoonful of soda in a liter of warm water. Douche with this solution for 3 days in a row. The solution fights bacteria, which in 85% of cases are the cause of the inflammatory process. This remedy has good reviews for treating not only bladder inflammation, but also thrush.
. If you don't know how to relieve an attack of cystitis, place a warm heating pad in your lower abdomen. If you don’t have a heating pad, you can use a plastic bottle. Such heating will relieve pain, but it is contraindicated for hemorrhagic cystitis (its main symptom is traces of blood in the urine).

Prevention of cystitis

We told you about how to treat cystitis at home. Now we’ll talk about preventative measures and give some tips. Using them, you will never again think about such an unpleasant disease as cystitis.

10 tips for preventing cystitis in women:

Don't be patient! Due to lifestyle, work habits or other circumstances, some women empty their bladder on time. This leads to inflammation and even a chronic form of the disease.

If your job involves a sedentary lifestyle, try to take breaks every 20-30 minutes. It is enough to get up and stretch a little for 1-2 minutes to get the blood flowing.

Follow the rules of personal hygiene. This ensures that bacteria and germs do not enter the bladder from the outside. During critical days, change hygiene products every 2 hours so that bacteria, which can cause illness, do not multiply on either the external or internal organs of the small pelvis.

Avoid hypothermia. In winter, wear warm outerwear, the length of which reaches mid-thigh (so that the cold and wind do not reach the lower back). Even after slightly wetting your feet, you should immediately place them in a basin of hot water.

For many women, cystitis occurs not in winter, in frost and cold, but in summer, when a warm wind blows. It is the strong wind that blows at the back, as well as sitting on the cooled sand or stones on the beach that can cause the first symptoms of the disease within 2 hours.

Diseases of the genitourinary system in women are closely related. It is possible that female cystitis became a signal of the development of a sexually transmitted disease. Take safety measures during sexual intercourse, and also get tested regularly for sexually transmitted infections.

One of the causes of cystitis is weakened immunity, fatigue and stress. Try to get enough sleep, worry less, and regularly take vitamin supplements to strengthen your body.

Don't wear underwear or pants that are too tight. Avoid synthetic products.

Get rid of bad eating habits: spicy, salty and fried foods. You need to drink 1.5–2 liters of water daily. Some people think: “I’m being treated for cystitis and I don’t need a lot of fluid, it will increase the frequency of urges and pain when urinating!” It's a delusion. The liquid will remove toxins and bacteria that caused the disease.

In addition, cranberry juice can be an excellent preventive measure. It is enough to drink 1 glass a day - and you will never remember about cystitis, because the substances in its composition will not allow microbes and bacteria to gain a foothold on the bladder mucosa and thereby cause inflammation.

Some women prefer not to see a doctor at all, and with regular outbreaks of cystitis, limiting themselves to self-medication using home remedies. It is quite possible that frequent inflammation indicates that you are not getting rid of the problem, but are only temporarily healing it.

One of the likely complications in this case is a chronic form of cystitis, which is quite difficult to treat. To avoid these, as well as many other serious complications, we recommend that you consult a doctor at the very beginning of the inflammatory process. After all, a course of treatment for cystitis in women at home can be completely successful only on the basis of prescribed medications and procedures.

Cystitis is an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the bladder and one of the most common diseases among the fair sex. It can simultaneously be classified as urological and gynecological. Every second woman encounters this problem at least once during her life. The pathology is most typical for females of reproductive age 20-45 years. In 20-30% of cases, the disease becomes chronic. It is characterized by exacerbation of the disease twice a year or more.

The infection process is caused by the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms. There are a lot of pathogen strains. These can be bacteria, viral and fungal infections. Inflammation is caused by staphylococci, streptococci, chlamydia, mycoplasma. In 70-80%, the source of the disease is E. coli.

The cause of the disease can also be opportunistic representatives of microflora. They are present in the human body and under normal conditions do not cause any damage, but in the presence of provoking factors they begin to actively show signs of vital activity, multiply and thereby cause harm to health.

Statistical data on patients undergoing treatment in urological departments of clinical hospitals allows us to conclude: in 70-80% of cases, the cause of the development of pathology was microbial and bacterial associations, and not monoinfections.

The development of cystitis in women is due to the anatomical features of the structure of the urethra. It is short and wide, therefore it facilitates the rapid penetration of microorganisms into the bladder cavity.

There are many factors that predetermine the development of the disease:

Inflammation of the bladder can also be caused by worms that penetrate during chronic tuberculosis or pyelonephritis of the kidneys. Diseases such as dysbacteriosis, furunculosis, tonsillitis, and pulpitis also occur. The inflammatory process inside the bladder can only be an intermediate link and become a factor in the development of other pathologies: cervicitis, urethritis, thrush, bacterial vaginosis. There may be disturbances in the menstrual cycle during and after the illness.

Characteristic symptoms

There are two forms of cystitis: acute and chronic. The first case is characterized by pronounced symptoms, the second condition occurs with muted manifestations. If the pathology develops for the first time, then an acute form is diagnosed; in case of repeated infection or an untreated illness, they speak of a chronic form.

In any case, the appearance of any disturbances in the urination process should prompt a person to consult a doctor. Actions for cystitis to alleviate your condition, which the patient can take independently at home:

Limit physical activity and maintain bed rest.
Drink plenty of fluids.
Eliminate from your diet too salty, spicy, spicy foods, canned food, meat broths, and alcohol.
You can use various herbal decoctions that have a diuretic effect.

ATTENTION! Under no circumstances should you try to cope with the disease on your own. It is unacceptable!

Treatment is selected more carefully, sometimes even refusing to use antibiotics is possible. Or they are prescribed a specific group to which the pathogens are sensitive in this case, in order to avoid harmful effects on other organs and systems of the fragile organism.

Disease Prevention

When carrying out systematic and high-quality prevention, the risk of developing cystitis is reduced.

Measures to prevent infection:

Avoid hypothermia: you should not sit on a cold surface; you should dress according to the weather. A momentary tribute to fashion can end sadly.
Careful observance of personal cleanliness. Women are recommended to wash themselves daily, use special hygiene products, and perform water procedures before and after each sexual intercourse.
It is correct to use toilet paper after defecation: movements should be directed from the urethra to the anus, and not in the opposite direction.
Periodic treatment of plumbing fixtures with disinfectants.
Complete and timely emptying of the bladder.
Wearing natural underwear they are synthetic.
Timely treatment of inflammation of the genitourinary system.
Drink at least 8 glasses a day. As a preventive measure, it is useful to drink cranberry juice; it reduces the possibility of bacteria “sticking” to the walls of the bladder.
In case of recurrent cystitis, it is necessary to replace the bath with a shower.

If you follow these simple recommendations, you can maintain your health and protect yourself from the development of this pathology. Cystitis is an insidious disease that can occur in anyone. If you take all precautions, the likelihood of its occurrence decreases significantly.

Unfortunately, these symptoms are familiar to many women. This is how cystitis manifests itself in women - one of the most common diseases of the fair half of humanity.

A woman’s bladder can become inflamed due to bacterial infections (due to poor personal hygiene or infection of adjacent organs) or due to another disease as a complication. In any case, the disease must be treated, because in its advanced form it leads to even more serious health problems. Treatment of urinary tract infections in women is carried out by a urologist. Of course, many who suffer from this disease are interested in how to treat cystitis in women with folk remedies. However, only a qualified doctor can prescribe medications for cystitis in women.

Symptoms of cystitis in women

Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder. The disease mainly affects a woman's bladder, since the female urethra is much wider and shorter than that of a man. Thanks to this factor, it is easier for infection to enter the bladder. Cystitis is mainly caused by bacterial infections, but there may be other causes of this disease. Bacterial cystitis is treated with antibiotics, while other types of cystitis are treated depending on the cause.

Causes of cystitis in women

Cystitis is a disease that can occur in women of any age.

The main reason is the body. It is contraindicated for women to freeze, especially in the pelvic area; you should not sit on cold surfaces, just 20 minutes and you are guaranteed cystitis;
sedentary lifestyle, women are strictly forbidden to sit in one place for about 4-6 hours. If you have a sedentary job and spend more than 6 hours in one position, try to get up more often and take a 15-minute break. It would be enough;
at ;
spicy, fatty and fried foods are the main factors in the development of cystitis. If you can’t deny yourself such food, then try to drink more water before meals. This will reduce the likelihood of the disease occurring;
if you have not completed treatment or tried to treat these diseases yourself;
in case of inflammatory processes in the body - dental caries or chronic inflammatory diseases;
if you sleep little and don’t get enough sleep;
inadequate or irregular nutrition;
chronic;
if you do not comply with ;
unprotected sexual relations.

When cystitis is caused by poor hygiene:

It is not recommended to switch from anal to vaginal intercourse;
if you wipe yourself incorrectly after bowel movements (correctly wipe from front to back);
if you rarely change tampons or pads during;
if you wear thick synthetic underwear;
if you do not comply with the urination regime (a woman needs to urinate at least 5 times a day; if you do this less often, it is easier for infections to enter the bladder).

What could be the reason:

Oncological diseases

Acute and chronic cystitis in women

acute cystitis - a form of cystitis in which inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder occurs after a sudden provoking factor;
chronic cystitis - has a less pronounced nature of symptoms, mainly chronic cystitis in women appears due to another disease.

Factors that influence the occurrence of cystitis:

bacterial– caused by various infections (streptococci, enterococci, pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases);
nonbacterial– occurs when the bladder mucosa is irritated by chemicals or drugs.

Symptoms of acute cystitis in women:

frequent and painful;
When urinating, a small amount of urine comes out;
pain appears in the suprapubic part;
urine becomes cloudy:
Sometimes drops of blood may appear;
in severe cases there is fever, nausea or vomiting.

Treatment of cystitis in women

bed rest must be observed;
you should drink a lot of water;
proper nutrition;
a course of antibiotics is prescribed (it is mandatory to take antibiotics for cystitis in women)

If your doctor has diagnosed you with cystitis, treatment at home is quite possible; there is no need for hospitalization. Just stay in bed until you are completely healed.

Proper nutrition for cystitis means giving up spicy, smoked, and salty foods in favor of dietary and low-fat foods.

It is important to take the medicine prescribed by your doctor for cystitis regularly and on time.

How to treat cystitis in women:

Analgesics and antispasmodics for symptomatic treatment:

To reduce pain, apply a heating pad to the lower abdomen - this will slightly dilate the ureters and facilitate the outflow of urine.

During treatment for cystitis, give up sexual activity and be especially careful about intimate hygiene.

Typically, medications for cystitis are prescribed for a course of no more than 5 days. You can also carry out auxiliary treatment of cystitis with folk remedies at home using medicinal herbs. However, you should definitely consult a doctor before using them.

Herbs for cystitis

To treat acute cystitis, use a decoction (pour 5 tablespoons of seeds into a liter of boiling water, cook for 30 minutes, then strain. Drink half a glass of heated decoction every half hour. Duration of treatment - 3 days)

A diuretic infusion and plantain are also used (place 3 tablespoons of each herb in a thermos and pour a liter of boiling water, leave for 3 hours, strain the finished infusion and add 3 tablespoons of honey. Take 100 g every 10 minutes, drink the entire volume within 2 hours ). This infusion causes a strong diuretic effect, so it is important to drink at least 3 liters of clean water on this day, otherwise you are at risk of dehydration.

An infusion of corn silk helps to significantly relieve pain (3 tablespoons per glass of boiling water. Leave for 2 hours, then strain and drink immediately in small sips. You can drink no more than 2 glasses of this infusion per day).

Another famous herbal recipe is a decoction of birch buds (pour 5 tablespoons with 3 glasses of cold water, bring to a boil and cook for 15 minutes. Then leave for another 2 hours, strain and add 1 tablespoon of honey. Drink 100 g 3 times a day within 3 days).

Treatment for cystitis in women at home: video

Prevention of cystitis in women:

maintain personal hygiene;
do not get too cold;
accept;
eat healthy and regularly;
don't overexert yourself;
do not wear thick synthetic underwear;
do not wear panty liners;
Protect yourself during sexual relations with a condom.

What are the complications if cystitis is not treated:

(kidney inflammation) - if cystitis is not treated for a long time, the infection from the bladder enters the kidneys, causing them to become inflamed;
interstitial cystitis– when the infection affects not only the mucous layer, but also the submucosal layer and the muscular wall of the bladder.