What does a dentist surgeon do? Surgical dentistry - tasks and modern place in medicine

A dental surgeon is a dentist who specializes in surgical treatment of the oral cavity and maxillofacial area.

What does a dental surgeon treat?

Treatment of dental diseases often requires an integrated approach, so the use of surgical methods is one of the stages of sequential treatment measures.

A dental surgeon is a specialized specialist whose areas of activity include:

removal of teeth or part of a tooth;
treatment of inflammatory processes in the gums, jaw and face;
elimination of jaw and facial defects (congenital and acquired);
removal of neoplasms of the maxillofacial area.

In addition, the dental surgeon, together with the orthopedist, prepares the oral cavity for dental implantation and carries out cosmetic correction of the maxillofacial and oral area (vestibuloplasty, gingivoplasty, correction of the alveolar process, frenuloplasty, etc.).

A pediatric dental surgeon treats dental diseases of the maxillofacial area in children.

What diseases does a dental surgeon treat?

A dental surgeon treats dental diseases that are not amenable to conservative therapy. Most often, this specialist deals with the pathology of teeth, jaw joints, salivary glands and oral mucosa, injuries and neoplasms of the jaws, as well as inflammatory processes in the perimaxillary area. In addition, the tasks of a dental surgeon include the prevention of heart disease.

Diseases of teeth and gums

A dental surgeon treats:

Alveolitis is an acute inflammation of the socket that develops after tooth extraction as a result of a violation of the postoperative regime. With this disease, there is severe pain in the socket area, a putrid odor appears in the mouth, the submandibular nodes become enlarged, the temperature rises, weakness and headache are present.
Dental hyperesthesia is an increased sensitivity of the hard tissues of the tooth, in which exposure to various irritants causes short-term pain of varying degrees of severity. It usually develops with non-carious lesions of teeth.
Enamel hypoplasia is a change in the color of tooth enamel and its underdevelopment resulting from metabolic disorders during fetal development. The extreme expression of hypoplasia is the complete absence of enamel or tooth (aplasia).
Dentition defects - a disturbed structure of the dental arch, which is accompanied by a violation of the bite and chewing function, leading to gradual deformation or atrophy of the jaw bone.
Tartar is hardened plaque that is formed from food debris and microelements. It causes bleeding gums, an unpleasant odor, and when it grows into a gum pocket, it provokes the development of periodontitis.

This specialist also deals with the elimination of acute toothache and can treat pulpitis and caries.

Diseases of the jaw joints

A dental surgeon treats:

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. It manifests itself as a pathological impairment of the mobility of the lower jaw as a result of fibrous or bone fusions of the surface of the joints. They develop with purulent-inflammatory diseases in this area (including ENT organs). It manifests itself as a restriction when opening the mouth, the face acquires asymmetry, the bite, respiratory function, etc. are impaired.
Temporomandibular arthritis. This inflammation of the joint can be infectious and non-infectious, acute and chronic. In the acute form, the skin in the affected area swells and turns red, a sharp pain appears, radiating to the temple and ear, it is difficult to open the mouth, and the body temperature is elevated.
Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint. Occurs spontaneously or as a result of injury. With this pathology, slurred speech, drooling, inability to close teeth or open mouth are observed, severe pain and changes in facial configuration are present.

Diseases of the oral mucosa, tongue and salivary glands

Diseases of the oral mucosa and tongue treated by a dental surgeon include:

Leukoplakia is increased keratinization, thickening and desquamation of the epithelium of the oral mucosa. Lesions (white-gray plaques) are detected on the tongue, on the inside of the cheeks, on the palate and in the corners of the mouth. Develops under the influence of production factors, poor oral hygiene, etc.
Glossalgia is pain in the tongue area in the absence of visible pathologies. There is a burning sensation and pain in the tissues and membrane of the tongue, and dryness is felt in the oral cavity. This secondary disease can develop due to gastrointestinal diseases or trauma to the oral cavity.
Xerostomia is a partial or complete cessation of salivation, which is accompanied by dryness in the throat and mouth, a burning sensation in the tongue, difficulty chewing and swallowing, as well as a disturbance in the sense of taste. It may occur as a symptom of an underlying disease or a side effect of medications.

Injuries and neoplasms of the maxillofacial area

A dental surgeon treats traumatic injury and tooth displacement (luxation), tooth or jaw fracture. This specialist also treats:

Osteomyelitis of the jaws is a purulent infectious and inflammatory disease that affects all structural elements of the jaw bone. With this disease, fever, pain in the affected area, tooth mobility, limited mouth opening, etc. are observed. Leads to bone necrosis.
A jaw cyst, which is a hollow formation with liquid contents. It often exists asymptomatically for a long time; when inflamed, it is accompanied by pain, swelling and bulging of the gums in the affected area.

Inflammatory diseases

Patients often turn to a dental surgeon with:

Stomatitis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa. Foci of inflammation can be localized on the palate, the inner surface of the cheeks and lips. It develops when oral hygiene is poor, due to trauma, when salivation is impaired, as a result of the penetration of viruses or under the influence of allergens.
Perimaxillary abscess - the appearance in the tissues of the maxillofacial area of a purulent focus, which develops with dental diseases, chronic tonsillitis, general infectious diseases and facial injuries. With an abscess, local swelling, redness and oscillation of the skin in the affected area, facial asymmetry, difficult and painful swallowing, and symptoms of intoxication are observed.
Gingivitis – inflammation of the gums while maintaining the integrity of the connection between teeth and gums. Occurs with the development of pathological microflora in the oral cavity, weakened immunity, hormonal imbalance and chronic injuries. It can be acute or chronic, manifested by redness and swelling of the gums, bleeding and the appearance of deposits on the teeth.
Perimaxillary phlegmon - purulent melting of the subcutaneous tissue in the jaw and face. When the disease occurs, the jaw area becomes sharply painful, the mouth opens with restriction, swallowing is difficult, and the face and neck become swollen. There is a high temperature, the general condition is serious.
Dental sepsis is a chronic inflammation of the oral cavity that develops with improper treatment or lack of dental treatment. Accompanied by weakness, increased fatigue and headache.
Glossitis is inflammation of the tongue. Primary inflammation develops due to injuries to the tissues of the tongue, and secondary inflammation due to other diseases.
Cheilitis is an inflammation of the border and mucous membrane of the lips, which can be streptococcal or fungal. Develops with a lack of vitamin B2, diabetes mellitus and weeping skin in the corners of the mouth. It is manifested by the formation of slit-like erosions and slight pain at the site of the lesion.
Periodontitis is an inflammation of the tissues around the tooth (periodontium), which causes progressive destruction of the structure of the alveolar process of the jaw. It manifests itself as bleeding gums and loose teeth. An aggressive form of the disease is periodontal disease.
Pericoronitis - inflammation of the gum tissue during teething.
Flux – inflammation of the periosteum in the area of a tooth affected by caries. It manifests itself as pain, which intensifies when pressing on the diseased tooth.

They also turn to a dental surgeon for infectious myocarditis, which develops with chronic diseases of the oral cavity, bleeding in the oral cavity, inflammation of the trigeminal nerve, etc.

When to contact a dental surgeon

In most cases, patients are referred to a dental surgeon by dental therapists, orthodontists or doctors of other specialties.

Consultation with a dental surgeon is necessary for people who:

there is an exacerbation of chronic periodontitis, and conservative treatment is ineffective;
the crown part of the tooth is destroyed and there is no way to restore it;
there is a need to remove one tooth for the normal growth of other teeth;
there is a need to remove wisdom teeth;
a jaw injury occurred;
there is a restriction when opening the mouth;
there is pronounced tooth mobility;
pain occurs in the teeth when eating hot or cold food;
there is a sharp toothache, etc.

You can also contact this specialist with cosmetic defects of the lips, tongue frenulum, etc.

Preparing for your appointment

Before consulting a dental surgeon, the patient is recommended to:

do not drink alcohol during the day, as it reduces the effectiveness of painkillers;
eat before visiting the doctor, since after surgical procedures, eating is contraindicated for some time;
brush your teeth well.

A visit to a dental surgeon in case of infectious diseases and the appearance of herpetic rashes should be postponed.

Consultation stages

Stages of consultation with a dental surgeon include:

taking anamnesis;
examination of the oral cavity, which uses palpation, percussion and auscultation;
prescribing additional studies that allow you to establish an accurate diagnosis and choose treatment tactics.

Diagnostics

The main diagnostic method in dental surgery is x-ray examination (orthopantomogram, which allows you to get a complete overview of the upper and lower jaw). Helps diagnose deviations in the structure of the dentition, the depth of the socket, the condition of the soft tissues and jaw bones, etc.

Treatment

Methods of surgical treatment of dental diseases depend on the type and severity of the pathology. Applicable:

cystectomy to remove the cyst while preserving the teeth;
sinus lift to restore bone tissue before installing an implant;
hemisection to remove the affected root while preserving the tooth;
gingivotomy to eliminate periodontal abscess by cutting the gum pocket, etc.

The main principle of treatment is minimal intervention in the tooth structure and, if possible, preservation of natural teeth.

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Dentistry is one of the largest branches of clinical medicine, whose interests include not only diseases of the teeth, but also other organs of the oral cavity, as well as the maxillofacial area. This area is developing at an incredible pace, thanks to which many of us have already forgotten the frightening roar of the drill and painful treatment, and going to the dental clinic no longer instills fear in us. Modern dentistry has professional equipment and amazing capabilities to make diagnostics and all procedures as comfortable as possible, without causing emotional trauma to either children or adults.

Dentistry, in turn, is also divided into several areas, including therapeutic, surgical, orthopedic, aesthetic and pediatric. Today’s article will be devoted to surgical dentistry, and what a dental surgeon actually does.

Who is a dental surgeon?

A dental surgeon is a specialist working in a dental clinic, whose main functions are:

Surgical treatment of diseases affecting the oral cavity;
Tooth extraction;
Performing operations on the jaw, facial joints and nerve fibers;
Elimination of the consequences of injuries in the maxillofacial area, and defects of any nature;
Surgical treatment of tumors and cysts in the oral cavity, in particular on the gums;
Relief of inflammatory and infectious processes of the dental profile;
The use of surgical procedures for diseases of the salivary glands.

This doctor also works closely with his colleagues in the orthopedic field. His help is necessary in case of upcoming dental implantation, to prepare the jaw for manipulation, or if it is necessary to remove the implant.

Due to the rapid development of dental medicine, they try to resort to traditional surgery as little as possible. Doctors are doing everything possible to save even the most hopeless incisor. For such cases, there is a special tooth-preserving operation, during which only the affected area is removed, usually part of the root or one of the roots.

The surgical profile is a serious and extensive branch in general dentistry. The first thing a dental surgeon is most often associated with is tooth extraction. As mentioned earlier, doctors always try to do the maximum to save the entire molar or at least part of it. But if everything is too critical, then the specialist has no choice but to resort to surgery.

Pulling out a molar is not that easy, so this job can be compared to any other surgery on the body. First, you need to choose the right anesthetic or anesthesia, then find an approach to the affected tooth. Sometimes it can be difficult to reach, or grow in the wrong direction. During the procedure, all measures must be taken to prevent infection of the patient or the development of inflammation.

People are referred to a dental surgeon:

with damage to the jaw, for example, after injury;
with congenital or acquired cosmetic abnormalities;
with inflammatory disease of the periodontium, salivary glands, trigeminal nerve, infectious lesions of the soft and bone tissues of the jaw, as well as abscesses;
to correct abnormal jaw structure;
if implantation is necessary, to prepare the oral cavity and install the implant;
to remove a cyst or tumor from the periodontium;
for trimming the frenulum of the tongue or lip, due to which speech distortion occurs, diastema or inflammatory process develops;
for gum surgery.

All traditional operations performed by a dental surgeon have been listed above. However, there are also innovations and innovations in this direction. Recently, due to the fact that people are trying to be perfect, cosmetic manipulations are becoming more and more in demand and often used. These include:

Gingivoplasty is a plastic surgical procedure performed on periodontal tissue. With its help, they improve the appearance of the gums, that is, they raise, lower or level out defects on its surface so that the dentition looks aesthetically pleasing.
Vestibuloplasty is a surgical intervention in the tissues of the oral cavity, namely in the space between the gums, lips and cheeks, in order to move the soft tissues. It may be indicated for speech disorders, to improve the attachment of prostheses, or in the case of a specific disease;
Frenuloplasty is a dental operation, the essence of which is excision of the frenulum of the tongue in case of problems in its structure.

Usually, for an appointment with a dental surgeon, the patient comes with a referral from another specialist. He, in turn, also conducts diagnostics, during which he visually identifies the problem and, if necessary, uses radiography, CT and MRI of the teeth. Then he is entrusted with the serious task of making an important decision about the necessity or unnecessaryness of the operation.

If the result is positive, the person needs to donate blood for a general analysis and an HIV test. Bacteriological culture is also performed, and people prone to allergies must undergo testing for reactions to drugs, in particular to anesthetics.

If you experience any pain associated with your teeth, gums and oral cavity, you should definitely contact the dental office to check whether you are developing any disease.

Many people shudder at the mere mention of the word ““. The buzzing sound of a drill and the many unpleasant sensations associated with it immediately come to mind. But medicine has stepped forward, and many modern methods of treating and removing teeth are becoming more and more humane. Today there are several areas in dentistry: general, orthodontic.

deals with implantation;
treats tumors in the oral cavity;
performs reconstructive and plastic maxillofacial surgeries;
eliminates the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues;
treats inflammation of the trigeminal nerve, diseases of the salivary glands;
makes, if necessary, an incision over the wisdom tooth;
prepares the oral cavity for prosthetics;
diagnoses some specific diseases in the oral cavity, such as syphilis, tuberculosis;
performs surgical treatment of facial and cervical wounds;
treats diseases of the temporomandibular joint;
trims the frenulum of the tongue and the upper lip in case of existing defects;
removes diseased or crooked elements of the dentition.

Does he do cosmetic surgery?

Recently, these doctors are increasingly performing cosmetic surgeries, such as gingivoplasty, vestibuloplasty, frenuloplasty, etc.

Gingivoplasty is a procedure whose goal is to improve periodontal tissue. During its implementation, it eliminates external defects of the gums, for example, raising or lowering of the gums, as well as uneven distribution of periodontal disease in the dentition. Gingivoplasty is effective in cases where the root part of the tooth is exposed. Sometimes bone grafting may be recommended in parallel.

The essence vestibuloplasty consists of moving the facial muscles deep into the vestibule of the oral cavity (the space of soft tissue between the lip and the teeth). Due to this correction, gum tension is reduced, which is necessary for some speech therapy problems and periodontal diseases.

Frenuloplasty designed to eliminate problems associated with the frenulum (when it is short or too low). Such surgical correction is indicated for exposure of the tooth root, malocclusion, speech therapy defects, as well as problems with dental prosthetics. The doctor performs it under local anesthesia, transversely excising the frenulum with a scalpel.

A specialist who treats diseases of the oral cavity is sometimes called a dentist or dentist. Many people believe that these are synonyms. This is not entirely true. In fact, dentists are doctors with secondary specialized education.

Dentistry

The title of dentist was introduced by Peter I in 1710. It was awarded to graduates of hospital schools who passed a special exam. For a long period they were the only ones who could perform tooth extraction.

Gradually, as dentistry developed as a science, departments of dentistry began to appear at universities, as the need for more qualified specialists who were able to apply the latest advances in medicine grew. Today, the boundary between the concepts of dentist and dentist has begun to blur. Many people sincerely believe that these are the same profession.

This is not true. Now, as before, you can still become a dentist. To do this, you need to study for 3 years at a medical college. After receiving a diploma, a specialist will be able to perform manipulations that do not require high qualifications. Thus, dentists are paramedical personnel who are very limited in skills and abilities compared to dentists with higher medical education.

What does dentist treat?

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The dentist performs a general examination of the oral cavity and identifies the cause of the pain. He is able to place fillings, treat gum disease, give recommendations on the selection of toothpaste and compliance with the rules of oral hygiene. It is the responsibility of the dentist to refer the patient to a more qualified doctor if he is diagnosed with a serious illness.

In rural areas and small towns there is a lack of highly qualified medical personnel. Because of this, the dentist is forced to perform the functions of a dentist.

This is wrong, since they do not have enough education to treat diseases such as pulpitis, periostitis and others. In big cities, no one will allow a dentist to do complex work.

How is a dental therapist different from a dentist?

The difference lies in the level of education. A dentist, unlike a dentist, studied at the university for five years, after which he completed two years of residency or a year of internship. In addition to the ability to treat teeth, the doctor has a general understanding of all the physiological processes occurring in the human body.

With better qualifications, the dentist deals with much more complex dental diseases. Thus, if pulpitis is detected in a patient, treatment can begin immediately, unlike the dentist, who is obliged to refer the person to a highly qualified specialist. A dental therapist has the opportunity to improve their qualifications by completing training in a narrower specialty.

Dentists

After graduating from the Faculty of Dentistry of a medical university, graduates are awarded diplomas of a dental therapist. After this, each of them can receive a narrower specialty. For example, nothing prevents him from completing a residency and becoming a surgeon. Therapists are the most common profession in this field of medicine.

Therapists

Dental therapists are often called general dentists. He examines the patient and, if necessary, refers him to more specialized specialists. In addition, it is able to cure a large number of diseases of the oral cavity. Basically, the work of a dental therapist is to treat caries and its complications:

Pulpitis is an inflammation of the dental nerves. Characterized by constant pain that intensifies with pressure. The dentist removes the nerve endings and fills the tooth canal.
Periodontitis is an inflammation of the tissues around the tooth, leading to the destruction of the ligaments that hold it in place and its subsequent loss. It can be a consequence of either advanced caries or traumatic injury.
Periostitis, often called flux, is an inflammation of the periosteum. The cause may be infection. Often develops in advanced cases of pulpitis and periodontitis. Therapeutic measures consist of pumping out the pus and removing the affected tooth.

Orthopedists

The job of an orthopedist is to make prosthetic teeth in case of damage to their chewing surface. It is the orthodontist who helps people continue to smile widely and chew after losing their own teeth. The orthopedist not only installs dentures, but also diagnoses the oral cavity, identifying damage to the teeth and jaws.

Dental prosthetics used in orthopedics are either removable or permanent, such as crowns, bridges, implants and posts.

Surgeons

Surgical dentistry differs from therapeutic dentistry in that a dental surgeon removes teeth. In practice, it often happens that the disease is detected too late. If the tooth is severely damaged, it can no longer be saved. It should be torn out and a prosthesis put in its place. A specialist can implant pins, crowns and other structures.

The surgical practice of doctors is quite extensive, so they deal with diseases not related to teeth. For example, they perform operations on the salivary glands, the trigeminal nerve and the jaw joint. It is the surgeon who removes incorrectly growing wisdom teeth that cause pain to the patient and healthy teeth that interfere with the growth of others. Since tooth extraction surgery is often more complicated than appendicitis removal, the qualifications of these specialists are considered high.

Cosmetic dental surgeries have also gained popularity. The surgeon can recontour the gum margin, enlarge the vestibule, and trim the frenulum under the tongue and upper lip to prevent speech defects in the child.

Orthodontists

The orthodontist’s job is to correct the abnormal structure of the jaw - malocclusion not only leads to a deterioration in the aesthetic qualities of the smile, but also threatens pathologies of the digestive system and headaches. Orthodontists correct the curvature of teeth, align their growth rows and install braces. These designs allow you to correct your bite without damaging the soft tissues of the oral cavity. However, when using them, the process of teeth straightening is delayed for a long period.

Pediatric dentists

When treating children's teeth, special instruments, preparations and methods are used than with adults. When calculating the required dosage of painkillers for anesthesia, the physiology of the child’s body is taken into account. The doctor needs to know the basics of child psychology, since children are afraid of dentists. That is why there is a separate specialization - pediatric dentist. He can be a therapist, a surgeon, etc.

The widespread opinion among many careless parents that children do not need to treat their teeth, since they will fall out anyway, is fundamentally wrong. The health of the baby teeth and oral cavity also determines how healthy the permanent ones will be.

In addition to a regular doctor who treats dental diseases, sometimes you have to seek help from a dental surgeon. Who it is, what it does and what it treats, we will describe in more detail in this article in order to have an idea of when its intervention is really necessary.

Seeing such a doctor is always stressful for any patient. If you had to resort to surgery, even a small one, then the situation is really serious. It is important to get to a good specialist, a professional in his field, who has extensive experience in the manipulations performed and will be able to complete the entire process so that the recovery period passes as quickly as possible.

List of required specialist knowledge

To cope with the task, a dental surgeon must have extensive and accurate knowledge. To make the correct diagnosis, as well as successful treatment and carry out any corrective work that requires his intervention, such a doctor must understand:

the structure of all soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity;
features of the jaw apparatus, its functioning;
diagnostic results carried out to identify dental problems and defects;
related sciences, such as implantology, therapy, orthodontics and even psychology.

The more he tries to learn about new developments in his activities, about achievements in modern medicine, about emerging work methods, the better specialist he becomes.

In addition to direct dental knowledge and surgical nuances, such a doctor must be able to establish contact with patients. After all, visiting a dentist always causes fear in a person, and going to a surgeon can even lead to panic. Therefore, he must be able to win over the patient and create an atmosphere of mutual understanding and comfort.

What tasks does it perform?

The main tasks of a dental surgeon in his job description are the following:

making a correct, accurate diagnosis based on the data obtained;
saving the unit if possible;
carrying out manipulations with minimal negative consequences;
removal of a tooth, root or parts thereof;
correct selection of anesthetic and aseptic substances;
correction of orthodontic defects;
preparing the jaw for implantation and other types of prosthetics;
elimination of natural anomalies in the structure of bones;
treatment of inflammation and high-quality cleaning of periodontal pockets;
performing cosmetic surgeries on healthy tissues.

This profession remains always relevant, since many of the problems listed can only be corrected with the help of surgery.

What does a dental surgeon do?

Having given a general description of the doctor’s tasks, we will now try to describe in more detail his actions in each of the required cases:

If one, several or all units are lost, the patient has to think about quality prosthetics. The best of them is implantation. It should be carried out by an implantologist, but in the absence of such a specialist, a surgeon will do this. To do this, you need to implant a titanium root into the jawbone to secure the artificial tooth. Also, the doctor’s responsibilities during this procedure include, if it is not enough, monitoring the wound healing period.
Pulling out a tooth seems like the easiest thing to do. But very often, to carry out this manipulation, you have to contact a dentist, and sometimes a surgeon. Extraction of a unit can occur in a simple version (usually when removing premolars or anterior teeth), or in a complex version, when intervention is required in chewing areas. For this, boron and an extractor are used. Sometimes, in addition to this, it is also necessary to suturing the gums.
But this is not all that a dental surgeon does. He must competently extract the roots, in whole or in part, depending on the situation. Typically, this procedure is performed if there is a cystectomy, and it is called cystectomy. In this case, the doctor tries to remove only the affected part of the root, preserving the rest of the system. It does not affect a healthy tooth, and with the help of instruments it acts carefully and locally only on the cyst and a minor root surface. This operation is considered more subtle and complex.
In addition to dental problems, the surgeon also performs gum surgery. This is required in a variety of cases, but most often when there are defects in its location (overestimated, underestimated or uneven). Such problems can be caused by extensive or some natural anomalies. The doctor chooses how he will correct its position, since in each individual case it is necessary to make an informed decision. This procedure is done in order to normalize the position of the gums and prevent consequences in the form of a number of diseases.
Also, one of the functions of the operation may be to restore the proportions of the jaw. Usually an orthodontist deals with these issues, but if conservative methods do not have an effect and the situation becomes too advanced, then they resort to the help of a surgeon. It lengthens or shortens the jaw arch, which helps restore its correct proportions. Sometimes without such intervention it is impossible to influence the location of the dentition. This procedure is quite complex and the doctor must monitor the correction and recovery process for another two to three months.
Flap surgery is performed in several situations. This includes treatment and correction of gums when they are thinning, and cases of destruction of the jaw bone. Such an intervention involves excision and application of small pieces of mucous membrane to the desired locations. Ten days are enough for the tissue to take root in the new area. Before applying the flaps, the surgeon removes all inflamed epithelium, sources of infection, and even polishes the tooth surface.
One of the most popular procedures for periodontal disease or periodontitis is curettage. This is a special kind of intervention when they try not to excise the affected area, but using a special tool called a curette to qualitatively clean the periodontal pockets, remove them, and also deliver the necessary drugs to this hard-to-reach area. Such medications can be antiseptics to neutralize bacteria from pockets, anti-inflammatory drugs, and even special soothing and regenerating substances that help tissues recover faster.
As already mentioned during implantation, the surgeon transplants or builds up bone tissue. But such actions can be caused not only by the need to install implants, but also in other cases, as an independent medical procedure. Typically, this is done using human, animal or synthetic tissue, which helps build the required amount of bone in the patient.

Such complex manipulations are performed in a clean operating room, using sterile instruments and under general anesthesia. Anesthesia can be either local or general, depending on the extent of the intervention and the characteristics of the patient. Most often, in addition to the surgeon, a nurse also takes part in such a procedure.

Cosmetic surgeries

Sometimes it is necessary to resort to complex intervention when the tissues of the oral cavity are relatively healthy. These may be cases of uneven distribution of gums or other defects that create only aesthetic problems. Similar correction methods include:

Gingivoplasty is very similar to flap surgery, but differs in some nuances. Most often, it is resorted to due to the abnormal position of the gums.
- to expand the vestibule of the oral cavity. If it is naturally too small, then sometimes you need to move the facial muscles a little deeper. Thus, the problem of speech defects is solved and some diseases of periodontal tissue are prevented.
Frenuloplasty - popularly this procedure is known as cutting the frenulum in the area of the lip or tongue. This anomaly is detected in childhood and the sooner it is eliminated, the more problems can be prevented in the future. Thus, an incorrect frenulum can lead to speech therapy difficulties, speech impairment, the formation of gaps between units, etc.
Surgical elimination of gum recession (too little of it), especially in cases of exposed tooth roots and the need for additional flap surgery to restore it. Thus, the doctor takes tissue from one part of the oral cavity and places it on the desired area. Ten days are enough for recovery and correction.

Work with children

Operations on children are considered particularly difficult in surgical treatment. After all, they are afraid of any doctor, and dental instruments and a chair frighten them to the point of horror. If we are talking about a surgeon, then panic can completely force the child to refuse any contact with the dentist.

In addition, the difficulty of working with them also lies in the correct selection of medications, especially anesthesia. It can be carried out only for a short period, with minimal dosages and preferably not in the form of injections, but in the form of applications.

Because of this, the surgeon must perform manipulations very accurately and quickly while a small dose of anesthesia takes effect. All this time you need to talk to the child, calming him down and distracting him from terrible thoughts.

To perform an operation with special requirements in pediatric dentistry, the surgeon must undergo additional training. Also, the complexity of such procedures also affects the length of working hours, which is reduced according to labor standards.

How to learn?

Having learned about what the profession of a dental surgeon is, some may want to become such sought-after specialists. In addition to understanding who it is and what it treats, you also need to understand the specifics of training and achieving sufficient qualifications.

To obtain such an education, you should enroll in one of the higher educational institutions that train specialists of this kind. These are usually medical specialties, but it is important to review the list to ensure that a dentist is included.

Next comes a more precise distribution, usually in the last years of training, to therapists, orthodontists, implantologists, surgeons, etc. And although you need to gain a lot of knowledge, as well as undergo a considerable number of hours of practice, these efforts will pay off in your future salary.

You will have to study for at least five years, and obtaining such an education involves only full-time education. The requirements every year and in all subjects will be quite high; tests and exams are often held, after which you can be expelled. In addition to theory, a lot of attention is paid to practical exercises.

Hoping for a big salary, you should not choose such a specialization only on this basis. After all, if you don’t like the profession, you can make frequent mistakes by not paying enough attention to patients and their problems. And this is fraught with serious consequences. Only the desire to constantly improve, help people and carry out all manipulations as best as possible can count on you becoming a good and sought-after doctor.

Video: a dental surgeon talks about implantation.

Additional questions

Dentist-therapist and dentist-surgeon: what's the difference?

The main difference between these specialists is the extent of their effect on tissue. If the first one performs conservative treatment with the help of medications and simple dental instruments, then the second one carries out more radical cleaning methods, significant correction of bones, soft tissues, etc. And what has not responded to the usual therapeutic effects can sometimes only be corrected surgically. But these two doctors should always work closely together in order to help the patient as competently and efficiently as possible.