Ofloxacin - dosage, indications, side effects of the antibiotic. Ofloxacin in urological practice Ofloxacin official instructions for use

The antibiotic Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug that is prescribed for the treatment of bacterial infections of various organs and functional systems. It has a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect, stopping the proliferation of pathogens sensitive to this drug.

Pharmacological properties of the drug

The main active ingredient in the drug is ofloxacin, which effectively affects microorganisms that are multiresistant to other antibiotics that suppress DNA synthesis (anzamycin, nitrofuran, trimetroprim, sulfanilamide).

The antimicrobial agent Ofloxacin belongs to the second generation group, which stops the activity of the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, which leads to disruption of DNA synthesis and cell division.

The antibacterial properties of the drug extend to gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as to a certain extent to pathogenic microbes, which are most often transmitted sexually. Microflora resistance (resistance to the drug) develops quite slowly. The post-antibiotic effect is noticeably manifested - the antibacterial activity of the drug after its discontinuation.

Active against some gram-positive microorganisms: staphylococci, streptococci, especially beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Shows bactericidal properties against many gram-negative bacteria: salmonella, citrobacteria, enterobacteria and others, including microorganisms resistant to penicillin antibiotics.

Anaerobic bacteria that can develop in oxygen-free conditions (except for Bacteroides ureolyticus) are not sensitive to Ofloxacin.

Answering the question whether Ofloxacin is an antibiotic or not, we can give the following definition: “antibiotics are substances of natural or synthetic origin that are capable of suppressing certain microorganisms.” Therefore, Ofloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic that is active against the above bacteria.

Dosage and methods of use of the drug

According to the instructions for use, the antibiotic Ofloxacin is presented in various dosage forms:

Ofloxacin tablets - 1 tablet contains 200 mg of active substance and auxiliary components to impart the necessary qualities during the production of the medicine; each blister contains 6 or 10 tablets;
eye ointment 0.3% - located in aluminum tubes in the amount of 3 or 5 grams, which are placed in a cardboard box along with the instructions;
solution for infusion 0.2% - 100 ml of solution in a glass bottle, 1 bottle in a cardboard box.

The dosage of the medicine depends on the type and duration of the infection, the general well-being of the patient and is selected in consultation with a specialist doctor.

Ofloxacin tablets are taken orally before or during meals in their entire form, without crushing or chewing, with clean water. The therapeutic dosage ranges from 1 tablet (200 mg) to 4 tablets (800 mg) per day. Sometimes it is allowed to prescribe 2 tablets of Ofloxacin (400 mg) as a single dose per day (to be taken in the morning).

The average course of therapy lasts 7-10 days, it is required to continue treatment for at least three days after the symptoms of the disease have disappeared. The total duration of use of Ofloxacin should not exceed 8 weeks of treatment.

The permissible dosage of tablets per day, indicated in the instructions for use, when treating an infection:

respiratory organs and hearing organs – two tablets (400 mg);
digestive organs – two tablets (400 mg);
urinary tract and genital organs - two tablets (400 mg), for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection - one tablet (100 mg);
skin and soft tissues – two tablets (400 mg);
bones and joints – two tablets (400 mg);
for the treatment of gonorrhea - two tablets (400 mg) at a time.

In some cases (with severe disease, with insufficient absorption of the drug), the dosage may be increased to 3-4 tablets (up to 800 mg). Then the antibiotic is taken twice a day, in the morning and evening. The dosage for patients with impaired liver and kidney function can be adjusted downward.

Using Ofloxacin simultaneously with antacids (to reduce acidity in the stomach) causes a decrease in the antimicrobial effect, since insoluble compounds are formed. Therefore, Ofloxacin, like any similar antibiotic, must be taken 2 hours before these medications.

Ofloxacin ointment is used for the following diseases:

bacterial infections of the eyes, cornea and eyelids (blepharitis, conjunctivitis, etc.);
purulent inflammation of the root of the eyelash (barley);
dacryocystitis, inflammation of the lacrimal duct;
chlamydial eye infections.

During treatment, the ointment is used 2-3 times a day, and in the presence of chlamydial infection - 5 times a day, the treatment course lasts no more than 2 weeks. The ointment, which should be treated with extreme caution, is applied directly to the eyeball, pulling back the lower eyelid. Squeeze out about a drop of ointment (0.10-0.15 g) from the tube, close the eyelids and distribute the ointment with gentle movements.

For infusion therapy, intravenous administration of one dose of the drug in a volume of 200-400 ml is recommended, 1-2 times a day. The treatment solution is administered gradually over a period of 30-60 minutes.

It is proposed to mix Ofloxacin with an isotonic solution of glucose, fructose or sodium chloride. For the procedure, you must use only freshly prepared solution.

Parenteral liquid therapy involves the use of a solution with ofloxacin in the treatment of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal and urinary systems, infections of bones and joints, and in the treatment of diseases of the skin and soft tissues.

Special Notes

Patients taking this drug should avoid exposure to sunlight or artificial UV radiation.

Attention drivers: ofloxacin is included in the list of drugs that change the reaction rate, therefore the ability to drive a car and participate in the general flow of traffic is impaired. It is recommended to limit driving or other complex machinery while using the drug.

The use of Ofloxacin is excluded during pregnancy and breastfeeding; if it is impossible to prescribe another treatment, it is necessary to curtail the lactation process.

Prescribing this drug to patients under 18 years of age is allowed only if there are vital indications or in cases where it is impossible to offer an alternative treatment option. The dose is calculated based on the child’s weight: the average daily amount of the drug is 8-15 mg/kg.

Indications for use of Ofloxacin

The antibiotic Ofloxacin is prescribed for the treatment of acute, persistent and repeated bacterial infections:

respiratory tract (bronchial inflammation, pneumonia);
respiratory, olfactory, hearing (inflammation of the pharynx, larynx, paranasal sinuses, otitis media);
skin surface and soft tissues (destructive ulcers, furunculosis);
osteoarticular system (osteomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, purulent complications after fractures);
digestive organs and abdominal cavity (peritonitis, enterocolitis);
nervous system (with primary and secondary meningitis);
pelvic organs and genitourinary system (pyelonephritis, vaginitis, colpitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis);
in case of STDs (gonorrhea, chlamydia).

Used to prevent diseases in patients with weakened immune systems due to neutropenia (decreased number of neutrophils), when the likelihood of contracting bacterial and fungal infections increases.

Side effects and contraindications

During therapy, as indicated in the instructions for use of the drug, Ofloxacin may cause side effects:

in the gastrointestinal tract – pain in the stomach and intestines, lack of appetite, urge to nausea and vomiting, indigestion; persistent diarrhea in the first 2 weeks of treatment indicates pseudomembranous colitis, then you should immediately stop taking this drug and carry out the necessary treatment, without the need to use medications that suppress the contraction of the intestinal walls;
on the function of the liver and bile ducts - very rarely there is inflammation of the liver and increased levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin in the blood serum (cholestatic jaundice);
on the kidneys and urinary tract - very rarely acute inflammation of the kidneys (interstitial nephritis) occurs, up to a violation of excretory function; problems with urination (delay or frequency);
in the cardiovascular system - tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), vasculitis (inflammation of the vascular walls), decreased tone of blood vessels;
in the central nervous system - pain and heaviness in the head, sudden convulsions, a feeling of numb limbs, impaired coordination; rarely – diplopia (double vision), increased intracranial pressure, impaired sense of smell and color perception, loss of balance; an anxious, depressed state, which may appear immediately after the first dose of the drug, then it is necessary to suspend treatment and notify the supervising doctor;
in the immune system, very rarely - hypersensitive reactions (anaphylactic, anaphylactoid, angioedema) with signs of suffocation;
in the hematopoietic system - very rarely there is a decrease in the number of blood cells; in a short time after discontinuation of the drug, normal values are restored;
in the musculoskeletal system - muscle and joint pain, reactive inflammation of ligaments (tendyvitis), joint capsules (synovitis); very rarely - pathological tendon ruptures;
allergic reactions on the skin in the form of itching and rashes, rarely - pinpoint hemorrhages, exudative erythema multiforme, increased sensitivity of the skin to UV rays.

Sometimes patients complain of tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), muscle and joint pain, and general weakness. The use of the drug in women can provoke vaginal candidiasis, and therefore constant monitoring by a gynecologist is recommended.

In patients with diabetes mellitus, it may enhance the hypoglycemic effects of insulin and oral agents to lower glucose levels. If the drug is prescribed to patients with liver or kidney pathologies, the concentration of ofloxacin in the blood plasma should be carefully monitored. In cases of severe liver or kidney failure, the likelihood of toxic poisoning increases significantly. In such cases, the dose should be adjusted or this medicine should be discontinued.

Ofloxacin should not be used in cases of hypersensitivity to ofloxacin and all fluoroquinolone derivatives. This drug cannot be used for epilepsy, mental illness, cerebrovascular accident, or after a traumatic brain injury. It is not prescribed for inflammation of the lymph nodes and tonsils, or for pneumococcal pneumonia; for this purpose, a drug is selected from another group of antibiotics.

For the entire period of use of the antibiotic drug, it is necessary to avoid the use of alcoholic beverages and drugs.

Interaction with various drugs

The combination of the drug with antihypertensive drugs can cause a sharp decrease in blood pressure, in which case it is necessary to check the functions of the cardiovascular system and adjust the dosage.

When Ofloxacin is combined with glucocorticoids (hormones produced by the adrenal cortex), the risk of tendon damage significantly increases, especially in older people.

In combination with drugs that have alkaline properties (sodium bicarbonate, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), Ofloxacin can provoke the development of crystalluria (accumulation of salts in the body).

Medicines such as methotrexate, cimetidine and others that inhibit the elimination of the drug contribute to increased concentrations of ofloxacin in the blood plasma.

When taken simultaneously with theophylline, warfarin, methylxanthine, cyclosporine, the drug prolongs the elimination period of these drugs, so their dosage should be adjusted.

The administration of NSAIDs, synthetic AMPs with high activity against anaerobic bacteria and pathogens of protozoal infections in combination with ofloxacin leads to convulsive contractions and increases the possibility of a toxic effect.

Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose of Ofloxacin: pain in various parts of the body, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, disorientation, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion. In case of overdose, gastric lavage is done, and then symptomatic treatment is prescribed.

To restore the body, detoxification is carried out to remove toxic substances, enhanced hydration to replenish fluid reserves in the body, and desensitizing therapy. A specific antidote is not indicated; the procedure of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis in this case is considered ineffective.

Conclusion

The antibiotic Ofloxacin is an effective drug that is used for etiotropic treatment of infectious diseases.

Instructions for use of Ofloxacin describe in detail the properties and features of the use of an antibacterial agent that has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. Ofloxacin is used in a variety of fields of medicine - therapy, urology, ophthalmology, venereology.

Antibiotic Ofloxacin - description of the drug

Ofloxacin is an antibacterial drug from the group of fluorinated quinolones, which is based on the active substance of the same name (ofloxacin). Its bactericidal effect is based on blocking the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is responsible for the synthesis and division of microbial cells. As a result, the DNA chains are destabilized, the process of destruction of the cytoplasm and cell walls is started, which entails the death of pathogenic microorganisms.

Good to know

The advantage of the drug lies in its unique chemical formula. Due to the fact that a fluorine atom was added to the quinoline molecule, the antibacterial effect of Ofloxacin increased several times. The updated formula makes it possible to fight those strains of pathogens that develop resistance to other antibiotic drugs.

Ofloxacin is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial microflora, including effectively destroying mycoplasma, chlamydia, ureaplasma, gardnerella, mycobacterium tuberculosis and beta-lactamase microorganisms. At the same time, some strains of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria (Peptococcus spp., Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides spp, Nocardia asteroides, etc.), as well as Treponema pallidum, show resistance to the drug.

After oral administration, the active substance is quickly and almost completely absorbed (by 95%), but food intake can somewhat slow down absorption, while only slightly affecting the bioavailability of the drug. Ofloxacin quickly penetrates into all organs, tissues, bone structures and biological fluids (saliva, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid) and passes through all barriers. The maximum concentration of the drug is observed within 1 hour after taking the tablet. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys, a small part is excreted in bile. The half-life is 6-7 hours.

Release forms

Ofloxacin is available in several forms:

Ofloxacin tablets are biconvex, white, film-coated, with different concentrations of the active substance - 100, 200 and 400 mg. Auxiliary components include cellulose, starch, talc, calcium stearate, povidone. The packaging with the drug contains a contour cell with 10 tablets.

Ofloxacin ophthalmic ointment (0.3%) is white with a yellowish tint. 1 g of ointment contains 3 mg of ofloxacin + excipients that form the basis of the drug. The ointment is available in aluminum tubes of 3 and 5 g.
Ofloxacin solution (0.2%) is a colorless transparent solution for intravenous injection. Available in 100 ml glass bottles.

There are no other forms of medication, for example, Ofloxacin drops or capsules. Drops based on the active ingredient ofloxacin are called Floxal, Dancil or Uniflox.

Why are Ofloxacin tablets or drops prescribed?

Ofloxacin is prescribed for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the following organs and systems:

respiratory tract (bronchitis, pneumonia);
ENT organs (otitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, laryngitis);
infections of soft tissues, skin (carbuncles, boils);
infectious and inflammatory processes in bone tissues and joints;
diseases of the abdominal organs and biliary system (cholecystitis, cholangitis);
meningitis;
urinary tract and kidney infections (cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis);
infectious diseases of the reproductive system and pelvic organs (prostatitis, endometritis, cervicitis, colpitis, orchitis, salpingitis).

Intravenous administration of Ofloxacin solution is indicated for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections (gonorrhea, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia). Eye ointment is prescribed as part of the complex treatment of corneal ulcerations, keratitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, chlamydial lesions, or to prevent bacterial infections after surgical interventions on the organs of vision. As a prophylactic agent to prevent infection, the drug is used in patients with immunodeficiency conditions.

Instructions for use

Ofloxacin tablets

The dosage of the drug and the optimal treatment regimen are selected by the doctor, taking into account many parameters - the area of localization and severity of the infectious process, the general condition of the patient, the sensitivity of pathogens to ofloxacin, possible contraindications associated with the functionality of the liver and kidneys.

Ofloxacin tablets should be taken whole with food, with plenty of liquid. The standard daily dosage is from 200 to 800 mg, divided into two doses. The duration of treatment is usually 7-10 days.

Ofloxacin for prostatitis is prescribed in a single dose of 200 mg, 1 tablet in the morning and evening. The course of treatment is long - up to 6 weeks. For gastroenteritis, the daily dose of the drug is 400 mg, divided into 2 doses. Treatment takes 5 days. To prevent gastropathologies, take 1 tablet (200 mg) once a day.

For treatment, Ofloxacin 200 mg is prescribed. You should take 1 tablet in the morning and evening for 7 days. The duration of treatment for infections of the pelvic organs is 2 weeks, for diseases of the respiratory system and skin infections - 10 days. For gonorrhea, take Ofloxacin 400 mg once, preferably in the morning.

The drug is discontinued no earlier than three days after the condition improves and the symptoms of the disease disappear. Ofloxacin for children is prescribed only for life-threatening infections and the impossibility of using less toxic drugs. The dosage is selected by the doctor taking into account body weight, at the rate of 7.5 mg/kg.

Ofloxacin solution

Injections are done intravenously, by drip. The dose of the drug is selected by the doctor individually, taking into account the patient’s condition and possible contraindications. The initial dose is 200 mg, administered over 30-60 minutes. After improvement, the patient is prescribed Ofloxacin tablets at the same daily dose.

For urinary tract infections, the drug is administered at a dose of 100 mg, injections are made twice a day. When treating ENT organs, soft tissues, joints, abdominal organs, two infusions of 200 mg are prescribed per day. If necessary, this dose is doubled. For kidney diseases, 100 ml of solution is administered using a dropper, 1-2 times a day.

Ofloxacin ointment

Apply topically, placing a strip of the drug (1 cm long) into the lower eyelid up to three times a day. The standard course of therapy is 2 weeks. For chlamydial infections, the frequency of use of the ointment is increased to 5-6 times a day, the duration of treatment is up to 5 weeks.

Contraindications

Ofloxacin is prohibited for use in the following conditions:

individual intolerance to fluoroquinolones;
age up to 18 years (for tablets);
age up to 1 year (for ointment);
pregnancy, lactation;
lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the body;
epilepsy or a decrease in the threshold of convulsive activity due to traumatic brain injury, stroke, or damage to the central nervous system;

Ofloxacin should not be used for tendon ruptures, conditions such as lactose intolerance or peripheral neuropathy.

The drug is prescribed with extreme caution for organic brain lesions, severe kidney and liver diseases, myasthenia gravis, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hepatic porphyria, bradycardia, and elderly patients.

Adverse reactions

The use of Ofloxacin can lead to the development of serious adverse reactions from various organs and systems. Most often, negative manifestations arise from the digestive tract and are expressed by nausea and lack of appetite. Sometimes there are attacks of vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence or abdominal pain.

Adverse reactions that are much less common:

migraine, dizziness;
increased irritability, anxiety, unreasonable fears;
sleep disorders, depressive states;
changes in blood parameters (thrombocytopenia, leukopenia);
cholestatic jaundice, anemia;
paresthesia and tremor of the limbs, convulsions;
hearing loss, changes in taste;
conjunctivitis, impaired color vision, double vision;
tendon rupture, symptoms of arthralgia, myalgia, tendinitis;
rapid heartbeat, arrhythmia;
shortness of breath, dry cough, bronchospasm;
urinary retention, renal dysfunction;
imbalance of microflora in the intestines;
allergic reactions (skin itching, rash, urticaria).

In severe cases, in persons with a tendency to allergic reactions, dangerous conditions may occur - allergic pneumonitis and nephritis, Quincke's edema. Patients with diabetes may develop hypoglycemia. When using a solution for infusion, local reactions are observed - redness, pain and swelling in the injection area. When treated with ointment, sensations such as burning, dry conjunctiva, photophobia and lacrimation may occur. Most often, such symptoms are short-lived and quickly disappear after discontinuation of the drug.

Good to know

The list of side effects is long, but if you strictly follow the recommendations of your doctor and choose the right dosage, the likelihood of their occurrence is significantly reduced.

Analogs

Ofloxacin has quite a few structural analogues containing the same active substance. These are drugs such as:

Glaufos,
Dancil,
Zanotsin,
Oflox,
Ofloxabal,
Ofloxin,
Oflocide,
Taritsin,
Uniflox,

Which drug from this list is best suited for the patient must be decided by the attending physician. You should not unauthorizedly replace Ofloxacin tablets with other analogues in order to avoid the development of unwanted complications and dangerous side reactions.

Cost of the drug

The price of Ofloxacin depends on the manufacturer, dosage form and pharmacists' markup. Ofloxacin Teva is the most expensive; the price for a pack of tablets (200 mg) ranges from 160 to 180 rubles.

Other forms of the drug are much more accessible. So, Ofloxacin 200 mg (10 pieces) costs from 26 rubles, Ofloxacin 400 mg (10 pieces) - from 50 rubles. The cost of Ofloxacin solution is from 28 rubles per bottle (100 ml), eye ointment - from 40 rubles.

The antibacterial drug is Ofloxacin. Instructions for use indicate that tablets 100 mg, 200 mg and 400 mg, injections in injection ampoules, eye ointment 0.3% belong to the group of fluoroquinolones. Reviews from therapists confirm that this medication helps with bronchitis and pneumonia.

Release form and composition

The drug is available in the following dosage forms:

Film-coated tablets: biconvex, round, the shell and the layer on the cross section are almost white in color. Ofloxacin tablets are packaged in blister packs of 10 pieces. The cardboard pack contains one blister of tablets and instructions for use of the drug.
Solution for infusion: transparent greenish-yellow liquid (100 ml in clear or dark glass bottles, 1 bottle in a cardboard box).
Eye ointment 0.3%: homogeneous substance of yellow, white with a yellow tint or white color (5 g in aluminum tubes, 1 tube in a cardboard box).

The main active ingredient of the drug is ofloxacin, its content in one tablet is 200 and 400 mg.

Composition of 1 ml of solution: Active ingredient - ofloxacin - 0.002 g, auxiliary components: sodium chloride, distilled water.

Composition of 1 g of ointment: Active ingredient - ofloxacin - 0.003 g, excipients: methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, petroleum jelly.

pharmachologic effect

The drug is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug. The mechanism of the antibacterial action of Ofloxacin is based on its ability to destabilize the DNA chains of bacterial microorganisms, thereby ensuring their destruction.

When using the medicine, a moderate bactericidal effect is also manifested. Ofloxacin is active against fast-growing atypical mycobacteria and beta-lactamase microorganisms.

The anaerobic bacteria Peptococcus spp., Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Clostridium difficile and bacteria of the Nocardia asteroides species are resistant to the drug. The drug is not active against Treponema pallidum.

Indications for use

What does Ofloxacin help with? Ointment, tablets and injections are prescribed if the patient has:

corneal ulcers, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, barley, chlamydial eye lesions, prevention of infection after injuries and operations (for ointment);
bronchitis, pneumonia;
gonorrhea, chlamydia;
diseases of ENT organs (pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, laryngitis);
infections of the skin, soft tissues, bones;
endometritis, salpingitis, parametritis, oophoritis, cervicitis, colpitis, prostatitis, epididymitis, orchitis;
diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract (pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis).

Instructions for use

Taken orally. The dose is selected individually depending on the location, severity of the infection, sensitivity of microorganisms, as well as the general condition of the patient and liver and kidney function. Adults - 200-800 mg per day, course of treatment - 7-10 days, frequency of use - 2 times a day. A dose of up to 400 mg per day can be given in one dose, preferably in the morning.

For gonorrhea - 400 mg once. In patients with impaired renal function (with creatinine clearance 50-20 ml/min) 100-200 mg per day. If creatinine clearance is less than 20 ml/min - 100 mg every 24 hours; for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis - 100 mg every 24 hours. The maximum daily dose for liver failure is 400 mg per day.

The tablets are taken whole with water, before or during meals. The duration of treatment is determined by the sensitivity of the pathogen and the clinical picture; treatment should be continued for at least another 3 days after the symptoms of the disease disappear and body temperature completely normalizes.

When treating uncomplicated and complicated lower urinary tract infections, the course of treatment is 7 and 10 days, respectively, for prostatitis - up to 6 weeks, for infections of the pelvic organs - 10-14 days, for infections of the respiratory and skin organs - 10 days.

Solution for infusion

The drug is administered intravenously. Ofloxacin therapy begins with intravenous drip administration of 0.2 g over 30-60 minutes. If the patient’s condition improves, the patient is transferred to taking the drug orally (tablets) while maintaining the dosage. Recommended doses of Ofloxacin depending on the disease and location of the infection:

Urinary tract – 0.1 g 1-2 times a day.
Kidneys and genitals – 0.1-0.2 g, divided into 2 injections per day.
Respiratory tract, ENT organs, skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, abdominal cavity, as well as septic infections - 0.2 g, divided into 2 injections per day; It is allowed to increase the daily dose, if necessary, to 0.4 g while maintaining the frequency of administration.
Prevention of infection in patients with a pronounced decrease in immunity - 0.4-0.6 g per day.

Ointment

Locally. Place 1 cm strips of ointment (0.12 mg ofloxacin) behind the lower eyelid of the affected eye 2-3 times a day. For chlamydial infections, ointment is applied 5-6 times a day.

To administer the ointment, carefully pull the lower eyelid down and, lightly pressing the tube, insert a 1 cm long strip of ointment into the conjunctival sac. Then close the eyelid and move the eyeball to distribute the ointment evenly. The duration of the course of treatment is no more than 2 weeks (for chlamydial infections, the course is extended to 4-5 weeks).

Contraindications

Taking Ofloxacin tablets is contraindicated in several pathological and physiological conditions of the body, which include:

Epilepsy (periodic development of pronounced tonic-clonic seizures against the background of impaired consciousness), including those suffered in the past.
Pregnancy at any stage of development and lactation period (breastfeeding).
Children under 18 years of age, which is associated with incomplete formation of skeletal bones.
Predisposition to the development of seizures (lowering the seizure threshold) against the background of a traumatic brain injury, inflammatory pathology of the structures of the central nervous system, as well as a cerebral stroke.
Hypersensitivity to the active substance and auxiliary components of the drug.

With caution, Ofloxacin tablets are used for atherosclerosis (deposition of cholesterol in the wall of arteries) of cerebral vessels, circulatory disorders in the brain (including those suffered in the past), organic lesions of the structures of the central nervous system, chronic decrease in the functional activity of the liver. Before starting to take the drug, you must ensure that there are no contraindications.

Side effects

The use of Ofloxacin may cause the following side effects:

intense or “nightmarish” dreams, phobias, anxiety, agitation, psychotic reactions, hallucinations, depression, confusion, increased intracranial pressure;
tachycardia, collapse, vasculitis, anemia, hemolytic and aplastic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, with intravenous administration - decreased blood pressure;
impaired renal function, acute interstitial nephritis, increased urea levels, hypercreatinemia;
pinpoint hemorrhages, hemorrhagic bullous dermatitis, papular rash (manifestations of vasculitis);
diplopia, impaired color perception, taste, hearing, smell, balance;
allergic pneumonitis and nephritis, skin rash, itching, erythema multiforme, urticaria, fever, bronchospasm, Quincke's edema, Stevens-Johnson and Lyell syndrome, eosinophilia, photosensitivity, in rare cases - anaphylactic shock;
myalgia, arthralgia, tendinitis, tenosynovitis, tendon rupture;
dizziness, headache, tremor, numbness and paresthesia of the limbs, uncertainty of movements, convulsions.

When using the drug in the form of an ointment, side effects may occur such as itching and dryness of the conjunctiva, burning and discomfort of the eyes, lacrimation, redness of the eyes, photophobia. When Ofloxacin is used according to indications in strict accordance with the instructions and doctor's prescription, the likelihood of developing side effects is significantly reduced.

Children, pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation.

Use in children

The drug is contraindicated in children and adolescents under 18 years of age, because skeletal growth is not complete. In children, the drug is used only for life-threatening infections, taking into account the expected clinical effectiveness and the potential risk of side effects, when it is impossible to use less toxic drugs. The average daily dose in this case is 7.5 mg/kg body weight, the maximum is 15 mg/kg.

special instructions

Ofloxacin is not indicated for the treatment of acute tonsillitis and is not the drug of choice for the treatment of pneumonia caused by pneumococci. The drug affects the speed of psychomotor reactions. When using Ofloxacin, it is recommended to refrain from driving vehicles and engaging in potentially hazardous activities, as well as from drinking alcohol.

While taking the drug, it is not recommended to use hygienic tampons due to the increased risk of thrush. In patients predisposed to porphyria, attacks may become more frequent. Myasthenia gravis may worsen. The drug may cause false negative results in the bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Drug interactions

There is an increase in the effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants when taken with this drug. Control of the coagulation system is necessary.
The risk of neurotoxic effects and convulsive activity increases with the simultaneous administration of NSAIDs, nitroimidazole derivatives and methylxanthines.
A sharp decrease in blood pressure is possible when using barbiturates and antihypertensive drugs.
When used with glucocorticosteroids, there is a risk of tendon rupture.
Probenecid, Cimetidine and Methotrexate reduce the tubular secretion of the active substance, which leads to an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma.
When used with Cyclosporine, an increase in its concentration in the blood and half-life is observed.
The simultaneous use of hypoglycemic agents may lead to hypo- or hyperglycemic states.
When used with Theophylline, its clearance decreases and its half-life increases.
It is possible to prolong the QT interval when using antipsychotics, antiarrhythmic drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, imidazole derivatives, astemizole, terfenadine, ebastine.
The use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, sodium bicarbonate and citrates, which alkalinize the urine, increases the risk of crystalluria and nephrotoxicity.
When prescribing sucralfate, antacids and drugs containing aluminum, zinc, magnesium or iron, the absorption of ofloxacin is reduced.

Analogues of the drug Ofloxacin

Analogues are determined by structure:

Vero Ofloxacin.
Dancil.
Oflocid forte.
Zanotsin.
Glaufos.
Ofloxin 200.
Ofloxabol.
Uniflox.
Oflo.
Oflomak.
Tarivid.
Oflox.
Tariferid.
Oflocid.
Ofloxin.
Ofloxacin DS (Protekh, Stada, Promed, Teva).
Taritsin.
Zoflox.

Vacation conditions and price

The average cost of Ofloxacin (400 mg tablets No. 10) in Moscow is 55 rubles. Dispensed by prescription.

List B. Store in a dry place, protected from light and out of reach of children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 C. Shelf life - 2 years.

Post Views: 261

Description

Film-coated tablets, pink in color, with a biconvex surface. A cross section shows two layers, the inner layer being white with a yellowish tint to yellow.

Compound

1 tablet contains: active substance– ofloxacin – 200 mg; Excipients: lactose monohydrate, povidone, calcium stearate, starch 1500 (partially pregelatinized corn starch), croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, Opadry (including polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed, macrogol 3350, talc, lecithin (soy), titanium dioxide E 171, aluminum varnish based on carmoisine E 122, aluminum varnish based on indigo carmine E 132).

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antibacterial agents for systemic use. Fluoroquinolones.
ATX code– J01MA01.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug
from the group of fluoroquinolones. The mechanism of action is due to the suppression of bacterial DNA replication by blocking DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA topoisomerase II (gyrase).
Has a bactericidal effect.
The drug is active against microorganisms that produce beta-lactamases and fast-growing atypical mycobacteria.
The following are sensitive to the drug: Staphylococcus aureus(including meticillin resistant staphylococci), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Neisseria species, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Hafnia, Proteus(indole-negative and indole-positive strains), Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydiae, Legionella, Gardnerella.
The following have different sensitivity to the drug: Streptococci, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycoplasmas.
Anaerobic bacteria are resistant to the drug (for example Fusobacterium species, Bacteroides species, Eubacterium species, Peptococci, Peptostreptococci).
Ofloxacin is not active against Treponema pallidum.
Pharmacokinetics
After taking the drug orally, absorption is rapid and complete (95%). Bioavailability - more than 96%.
The maximum concentration in blood plasma is achieved 1-3 hours after taking a dose of the drug; half-life is 5-7 hours.
Distribution
Plasma protein binding – 25%. After a single dose of the drug at a dose of 200 mg and 400 mg, Cmax is 2.5 mcg/ml and
5 µg/ml, respectively. Food intake may slow absorption but does not significantly affect bioavailability.
Apparent Vd - 100 l. Ofloxacin is distributed in leukocytes, alveolar macrophages, skin, soft tissues, bones, abdominal and pelvic organs, respiratory system, urine, saliva, bile, and prostate secretions. Penetrates well through the blood-brain and placental barrier and is excreted in breast milk. Penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid in inflamed and non-inflamed meninges (14 - 60%). Does not accumulate.
Metabolism
Metabolized in the liver (about 5%) to form N-oxide ofloxacin and dimethylofloxacin.
Removal
T1/2 – 4.5-7 hours (regardless of dose). Excreted unchanged by the kidneys - 75 - 90%, with bile - about 4%. Extrarenal clearance is less than 20%.
After a single dose of 200 mg, it is detected in the urine within 20 to 24 hours.
Pharmacokinetics in special clinical situations
In case of renal or hepatic insufficiency, excretion may slow down.

Indications for use

Ofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent, a fluoroquinolone derivative with bactericidal activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:
- infections of the upper and lower urinary tract;
- lower respiratory tract infections;
- uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea;
- non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis;
- infectious lesions of the skin and soft tissues;
- as part of complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;
-prostatitis.
Ofloxacin tablets can be used during a sequential transition from parenteral to oral administration of the drug (step therapy).

Contraindications

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency;
- epilepsy (including history);
- decreased seizure threshold (including after traumatic brain injury, stroke or inflammatory processes in the central nervous system);
- tendon damage due to previous treatment with fluoroquinolones;
- age up to 18 years (since skeletal growth is not complete);
- pregnancy;
- lactation (breastfeeding);
- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Directions for use and doses

The dose of ofloxacin is determined by the type and severity of the infectious process. The average daily dose for adults is from 200 mg to 800 mg. Ofloxacin in a dose of up to 400 mg is recommended to be taken in one dose, preferably in the morning. Large doses are recommended to be taken at approximately equal intervals. It is recommended that you swallow the ofloxacin tablet whole with plenty of water on an empty stomach or with food. Concomitant use with antacids should be avoided.
Lower urinary tract infections: 200 - 400 mg per day.
Upper urinary tract infections: 200 - 400 mg per day; if necessary, up to 400 mg twice daily.
Lower respiratory tract infections: 400 mg per day; if necessary, up to 400 mg twice daily.
Uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea: 400 mg once.
Non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis: 400 mg per day in one or more divided doses.
Skin and soft tissue infections: 400 mg twice daily.
Acute inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (including severe infections): 200-400 mg twice a day for 10-14 days.
Prostatitis: 300 mg twice daily for up to 6 weeks.
If renal function is impaired, the dose should be reduced. If creatinine clearance is 20–50 ml/min (serum creatinine 1.5–5.0 mg/dL), the dose should be halved (100–200 mg per day). If creatinine clearance is less than 20 ml/min (serum creatinine more than 5 mg/dL), 100 mg should be administered every 24 hours. In patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, the recommended dose is 100 mg every 24 hours.
Impaired liver function (for example, cirrhosis with ascites): the maximum daily dose is 400 mg, since the elimination of ofloxacin from the body may be delayed.
No special dose adjustment is required in the elderly, except in cases of impaired liver and kidney function, as well as prolongation of the QT interval.
The length of treatment depends on the severity of the infection and response to treatment. The usual duration of treatment is 5-10 days, with the exception of uncomplicated gonorrhea, where a single dose is recommended.
The total duration of treatment should not exceed 2 months.

Side effect

Interactions with other drugs

Drugs that prolong the QT interval
Ofloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, should be used with caution in patients receiving drugs that prolong the QT interval: class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics.
Antacids, sucralfate, metal cations
Antacids containing magnesium, aluminum sucralfate, zinc or iron reduce the absorption of ofloxacin. Therefore, ofloxacin should be taken 2 hours before using antacids.
Anticoagulants
Prolongation of bleeding time has been observed during concomitant use of ofloxacin and anticoagulants.
Theophylline, some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other drugs that lower the seizure threshold
It is possible that the effect of lowering the seizure threshold may be additive when taken concomitantly with fluoroquinolones. Ofloxacin may prolong the elimination half-life of theophylline, increase serum theophylline concentrations, and increase the risk of theophylline toxic effects. Serum concentrations of theophylline should be monitored during concurrent use.
Hypoglycemic agents (insulin, glibenclamide, glyburide, etc.)
Ofloxacin may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in patients receiving hypoglycemic agents. Monitoring of glucose levels is recommended during concurrent use. Ofloxacin may cause a slight increase in serum concentrations of glibenclamide when administered concomitantly; The condition of patients taking this combination should be monitored.
Drugs subject to tubular secretion
When high doses of quinolones are used concomitantly with drugs that undergo renal tubular secretion, their excretion may be impaired and serum levels may increase (for example, probenecid, cimetidine, furosemide and methotrexate).
Interaction with laboratory tests
Determination of opiates or porphyrins in urine may give false-positive results during treatment with ofloxacin.
Vitamin K antagonists
When using ofloxacin simultaneously with vitamin K antagonists, monitoring of coagulation tests is necessary due to a possible increase in the effect of coumarin derivatives.

Precautionary measures

The drug should be prescribed with caution in case of atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, cerebrovascular accidents (history), chronic renal failure, prolongation of the QT interval, organic lesions of the central nervous system.
Ofloxacin is not the first choice drug for pneumonia caused by pneumococcus or Mycoplasma pneumoniae, an infection caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus.
Hypersensitivity and allergic reactions have been reported for fluoroquinolones after the first use. Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions can progress to life-threatening shock, even after the first use. In these cases, ofloxacin should be stopped and anti-shock measures should be started.
Clostridium - associated diseases
Diarrhea, especially severe, persistent and/or bloody diarrhea during or after treatment with ofloxacin may be a symptom of pseudomembranous colitis. If pseudomembranous colitis is suspected, ofloxacin should be discontinued immediately. Appropriate therapy should be started immediately.
Products that inhibit peristalsis are contraindicated in this clinical situation.
Patients predisposed to epileptic seizures
In the event of seizures, treatment with ofloxacin should be discontinued.
Cardiac disorders
In very rare cases, QT prolongation has been reported in patients taking fluoroquinolones. Caution should be used when using fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in patients with known risk factors for QT prolongation such as:
congenital long QT syndrome;
simultaneous use with drugs that are known to prolong the QT interval (for example, antiarrhythmics, class IA and III, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics);
electrolyte imbalance (eg, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia);
elderly patients;
heart disease (eg, heart failure, myocardial infarction, bradycardia).
Photosensitivity
Patients receiving ofloxacin should avoid strong sunlight and UV rays (sunlamps, tanning beds) during the entire treatment period and for 48 hours after treatment.
Patients with a history of psychotic disorders
Psychotic reactions have been reported in patients receiving fluoroquinolones. In some cases, patients have expressed suicidal thoughts or exhibited self-aggressive behavior, including suicide attempts, sometimes after a single dose. If a patient develops such reactions, ofloxacin should be discontinued and appropriate measures taken. Ofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with a history of psychotic disorder or in patients with psychiatric illnesses.
Patients with liver dysfunction
Ofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with impaired liver function. Cases of fulminant hepatitis leading to liver failure (including death) have been reported. Patients should be advised to stop treatment and contact their doctor if symptoms of liver damage develop, such as anorexia, jaundice, dark urine, pruritus, or abdominal wall deflation.
Patients receiving vitamin K antagonists
Due to the possible increased risk of bleeding in patients receiving fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in combination with vitamin K antagonists, coagulation tests should be monitored.
Myasthenia gravis
Ofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with a history of myasthenia gravis.
Peripheral neuropathy
Sensory or sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy has been reported in patients receiving fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin. If the patient experiences symptoms of neuropathy, ofloxacin should be discontinued to avoid the development of irreversible conditions.
Hypoglycemia
In diabetic patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (eg, glibenclamide) or insulin, the use of fluoroquinolones may cause hypoglycemia. In patients with diabetes mellitus, careful monitoring of blood glucose levels is necessary.
Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Patients with latent or diagnosed glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency may be predisposed to a hemolytic reaction when taking quinolones, including ofloxacin.
Patients with rare hereditary disorders
Patients with rare hereditary disorders of galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicinal product.
Risk of developing secondary infections
Prescribing antibiotics, especially over a long period of time, can lead to the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. The patient's condition must be assessed at regular intervals and appropriate measures taken if a secondary infection develops.
Tendopathies and tendon rupture
The use of fluoroquinolones is associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture. Factors that increase the risk of developing tendinopathy are age over 60 years, simultaneous use of corticosteroid drugs, as well as conditions after transplantation (kidneys, hearts, lungs). Other risk factors include high physical activity, renal failure, and the presence of concomitant diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Fluoroquinolones should be discontinued if patients experience pain or signs of tendon inflammation. Patients should be advised about the need to immediately stop taking fluoroquinolones, ensure rest in the affected area, and immediately contact their doctor if initial symptoms such as pain, swelling, or inflammation occur.
Visual impairment
If you experience visual disturbances or any unpleasant sensations in the eyes, you should immediately consult a specialist doctor.

Gross formula

C 18 H 20 FN 3 O 4

Pharmacological group of the substance Ofloxacin

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

CAS code

83380-47-6

Characteristics of the substance Ofloxacin

Antibacterial agent of the second generation fluoroquinolones group. Crystalline powder, slightly yellowish in color, odorless, bitter taste. Slightly soluble in water and alcohol. Molecular weight 361.4.

Pharmacology

pharmachologic effect- antibacterial, bactericidal.

Inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II and IV), disrupts the process of supercoiling and cross-linking of DNA breaks, inhibits cell division, causes structural changes in the cytoplasm and death of microorganisms.

Has a wide spectrum of action. Affects mainly gram-negative and some gram-positive microorganisms. Effective against microorganisms resistant to most antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs. Cross-resistance of bacteria to ofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones is possible. The spectrum of action includes: E. coli, Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Yersinia spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas spp., incl. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Aeromonas hydrophilia, Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella pertussis, Klebsiella spp., incl. Klebsiella pneumoniaе, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Morganella morganii, Providencia spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Shigella sonnei, Helicobacter pylori, Mycoplasma spp., Ureaplasma urealyticum, Vibrio spp., Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia spp., Legionella pneumophila, Staphyloc occus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Propionibacterium acnes, Clostridium perfringens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis(including multi-resistant strains).

When taken orally, it is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (about 95%), absolute bioavailability is 96%. After taking ofloxacin in the dosage form of regular tablets, Cmax in plasma is achieved within 1-2 hours, after taking extended-release tablets - within 6-8 hours. Plasma protein binding is 32%. Apparent volume of distribution 100 l. T1/2 when taking regular tablets - 4.5-7 hours. Penetrates the cells (leukocytes, alveolar macrophages) of most organs and tissues, creates high concentrations in urine, bile, saliva, sputum, prostate secretions, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, skin, lungs, passes through the BBB and placental barrier. In the liver (about 5%) it is converted to ofloxacin N-oxide and demethylofloxacin. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys unchanged (80-90%); a small part is excreted in bile, feces, and breast milk (extrarenal clearance is less than 20%). After a single oral dose of 200 mg is detected in the urine within 20-24 hours. With liver and/or kidney diseases, excretion may slow down. Re-appointment does not lead to cumulation.

Use of the substance Ofloxacin

Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive microorganisms, incl. infections of the respiratory tract (pneumonia, exacerbation of bronchitis), ENT organs (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, laryngitis, tracheitis), skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, abdominal cavity, pelvic organs, kidneys and urinary tract (pyelonephritis, cystitis , urethritis), genital organs (including gonorrhea, prostatitis), chlamydial infections, septicemia, tuberculosis (as part of complex therapy), prevention of infections in patients with immunodeficiency.

In ophthalmology: bacterial corneal ulcers, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, meibomitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis, chlamydial eye infections, prevention of infectious complications in the postoperative period after surgery to remove a foreign body and eye injury.

ENT practice: acute and chronic bacterial external and otitis media, otitis with perforation of the tympanic membrane or tympanopuncture; prevention of infectious complications during surgical interventions.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity (including to other fluoroquinolones, quinolones), epilepsy (including a history), dysfunction of the central nervous system with a decrease in the threshold of convulsive readiness (including after TBI, stroke, inflammatory processes in the central nervous system), damage to the tendons during previous treatment with fluoroquinolones, age under 18 years (skeletal growth has not yet been completed). For local forms: chronic non-bacterial conjunctivitis or otitis media.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Use during pregnancy is possible (including in the form of dosage forms for topical use) if the expected effect of therapy exceeds the potential risk to the fetus (adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of use in pregnant women have not been conducted).

Teratogenic effects. Ofloxacin did not have a teratogenic effect when administered to pregnant animals during the period of organogenesis: to rats in doses above 810 mg/kg/day, which is 11 times higher than the MRDC when administered orally and 9000 times when used in the form of eye drops; rabbits in doses above 160 mg/kg/day, which exceeds the MRDC by 4 and 1800 times, respectively. Doses equivalent to 50 and 10 MRPH when taken orally were fetotoxic - a decrease in fetal body weight and an increase in fetal mortality in rats and rabbits was observed.

With a single dose of 200 mg of ofloxacin to nursing women, its concentrations in breast milk are similar to those in plasma. Because ofloxacin has the potential to cause serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, nursing women should discontinue either breastfeeding or ofloxacin (given the maternal significance of the drug).

Side effects of the substance Ofloxacin

From the gastrointestinal tract: dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal pain, dry mouth, transient increase in the level of bilirubin and liver enzymes in the blood plasma, hepatitis, jaundice, dysbacteriosis, pseudomembranous colitis.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: dizziness, headache, insomnia, anxiety, decreased reaction speed, agitation, increased intracranial pressure, tremor, convulsions, nightmares, hallucinations, psychosis, paresthesia, phobias, impaired coordination of movements, taste, smell, vision, diplopia, color perception disorders, loss of consciousness.

From the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): cardiovascular collapse, hemolytic and aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, including thrombocytopenic purpura, leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia.

From the genitourinary system: acute interstitial nephritis, impaired renal excretory function with increased levels of urea and creatinine, vaginitis.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, angioedema, incl. laryngeal, pharyngeal, face, vocal cords, bronchospasm, urticaria, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylactic shock.

Others: hypoglycemia (in patients with diabetes), vasculitis, tendonitis, myalgia, arthralgia, superinfection, photosensitivity.

When used in ophthalmology: burning sensation and discomfort in the eyes, redness, itching and dryness of the conjunctiva, photophobia, lacrimation; rarely - dizziness, nausea.

After instillation into the ear canal: itching in the ear canal, bitter taste in the mouth; rarely - systemic reactions (eczema, dizziness, noise and pain in the ears, dryness of the oral mucosa).

Interaction

Antacids containing Al 3+, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, iron salts, saline laxatives, sucralfate, zinc reduce absorption and reduce activity (the interval between doses should be at least 2 hours). With concomitant use of NSAIDs and quinolones (including ofloxacin), the risk of central nervous system stimulation and the development of convulsive seizures may increase. When taken simultaneously of ofloxacin with theophylline, T1/2 may be prolonged and C ss of theophylline may increase, resulting in an increased risk of theophylline toxicity. Furosemide and methotrexate inhibit elimination and may increase toxicity. Increases the concentration of glibenclamide. Do not mix in solution with heparin (risk of precipitation).

Overdose

Symptoms: drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, lethargy, confusion.

Treatment: gastric lavage, maintaining vital functions.

Routes of administration

Orally, intravenously, locally (subconjunctivally, into the external auditory canal).

Precautions for the substance Ofloxacin

After the disappearance of clinical signs, treatment is continued for 2-3 days. Prescribe with caution to patients with cerebral atherosclerosis. Constant monitoring is required when combined with insulin, caffeine, theophylline, cyclosporine, NSAIDs, oral anticoagulants (including warfarin) and drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450.

In children, it is used only when there is a threat to life (due to the risk of side effects). With rapid intravenous administration, a decrease in blood pressure is possible.

Should not be injected subconjunctivally or into the anterior chamber of the eye. When using ophthalmic forms, wearing eye lenses is not recommended. The combined use of eye drops and eye ointment is possible, with the ointment being used last.

During the treatment period, you should not be exposed to sunlight or UV irradiation. It is recommended to refrain from activities that require rapid psychomotor reactions (driving, working with potentially dangerous mechanisms) and drinking alcohol.

Interactions with other active ingredients

Trade names

Name	The value of the Vyshkowski Index ®
	0.1437