Human papillomavirus in women: causes, signs and treatment. HPV in women and its treatment: a list of effective methods and recommendations from doctors

The papilloma virus most often affects only people who have regular sexual intercourse without using barrier methods of contraception. But there are also cases when the disease enters the body through the blood and during passage through the birth canal. The disease itself is a small-sized neoplasm that can lead to cancer. It is especially important to treat papillomas in women, since in them they can penetrate the genital tract and lead to cancerous formations on the cervix and vaginal walls. Treatment most often has a combined, carefully thought-out nature.

Electrocoagulation

The procedure is carried out in a cosmetology salon. On average, removal of one papilloma costs a patient 100-120 rubles. The procedure is carried out using a small device through which current passes. He is sent to cauterize papillomas, which prevents their growth. The procedure is quite effective for removing existing papillomas and shows good results in 90% of cases. Moreover, after some time, 45% of patients developed new localizations of tumors. The procedure has a minimum of contraindications and side effects.

Laser therapy

It is also a fairly common hardware procedure that can allow women to get rid of existing papillomas by 92%. Success is influenced by the number of tumors, their nature and location. A rather painful procedure that leaves wounds on the body. Marks from laser therapy can take as long as a month to heal. After such treatment, relapses of viral damage were recorded in quite a few cases. Used to remove papillomas from the mucous walls of the vagina. The cost of such a procedure is 1000-2000 rubles.

Cryotherapy

The procedure is carried out using liquid nitrogen. Cryotherapy can remove approximately 60% of viral localizations. Moreover, after some time, in 15% of cases, patients experienced relapses of the disease, which required re-treatment. A rather expensive procedure that requires 10-20 sessions. The cost of cryotherapy ranges from 10 to 40 thousand rubles for the total number of manipulations.

Video - Removal of warts (papillomas) with laser, liquid nitrogen, current and radio waves

Radio wave

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Radio wave removal involves removing the papilloma along with its root. To do this, a radio wave laser makes the most accurate size within 10-30 minutes, it all depends on the complexity of the procedure. Typically, patients need from 10 to 20 sessions to completely get rid of tumors. Relapse of the disease after such manipulations is 30%. The cost of radio wave surgery is from 3,000 to 10,000 thousand for the entire number of procedures.

Attention! The decision to carry out hardware treatment can only be made by the attending physician after an in-person examination of the tumors. This is important to do, because if the approach is incorrect, papilloma can grow much faster and enter the pathogenic stage.

Antiviral drugs against papillomas

Allokin-Alpha

The drug is available in powder form, which should be used to prepare a solution for injection. After preparing the solution, it is administered subcutaneously. When treating an oncogenic papillomas virus, six injections should be given. Each procedure is performed every other day. To prepare the injection, you should take a 0.9% sodium chloride solution, which allows you to create an ideal environment for the active substance.

Viferon

This drug can be used to treat papillomas not only on the body, but also on the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix. To get a good result, you should take one milligram of the active substance and apply it using a tampon or soft applicator to the affected areas twice a day. External manifestations are treated with local application of the product, also twice a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician and is usually 1-2 weeks.

If necessary, the gel can be replaced with rectal suppositories. They are more convenient and easier to use. Treatment requires the administration of only one suppository of medication after a natural bowel movement. This form of the drug affects all viral formations. The duration of therapy with suppositories is also 1-2 weeks.

Genferon

The drug is available in two pharmacological forms - vaginal and rectal suppositories. Rectal suppositories are used to treat papillomas localized on a woman’s torso. She is recommended to take one Genferon suppository for two weeks.

The vaginal and cervical mucosa should be treated with vaginal suppositories. Taking into account the severity of the disease, the patient may be recommended to put 1-2 suppositories. Treatment can continue for 10 days. Further increase in the course of therapy is permissible only with the permission of the gynecologist.

Attention! Taking antiviral drugs is also advisable during hardware treatment, which will consolidate the results obtained.

Immunomodulators for papilloma virus

Immunomax

This drug can only be used in combination with one of the above methods of hardware therapy. The Immunomax course consists of six procedures. Patients are administered the drug intramuscularly at a dose of 200 units of the active substance. Immunomax can be used only after receiving a detailed immunogram.

Lycopid

The drug is available in tablet form. If skin papillomas are affected, the patient is recommended to take 2 mg of the active substance sublingually twice a day. Therapy in this case continues for six days. When treating papillomas on the vagina and cervix, the patient should take 10 mg of Lycopid once a day for 10 days.

Attention! Typically, these drugs are prescribed only when combination treatment with antiviral drugs and hardware therapy has not given the desired result.

Cost of drugs against papillomavirus

Preparation	Price in Russia in rubles	Price in Belarus in rubles	Price in Ukraine in hryvnia
Allokin-Alpha	3500-7500	112-224	1435-2870
Viferon	80-300	2,56-9,6	32-123
Genferon	700-1000	22,4-32	287-410
Immunomax	800	25,6	328
Lycopid	300-2000	9,6-32	123-820

Attention! The prices given may not coincide with prices in a particular pharmacy chain, as they are average prices. The cost is also affected by the dosage and location of drug production.

Traditional methods of treating papillomavirus in women

Celandine juice against neoplasms

The drug shows quite good results in the treatment of various types of papillomas. It is best to purchase a ready-made pharmaceutical solution that has the maximum safe concentration. Celandine should be used according to a strictly defined scheme:

first you need to steam the problem area;
after that it is lubricated with any fatty, non-allergenic base, it is best to use vegetable oil;
after this, a small amount of juice is applied to the papilloma; it is important to avoid contact with healthy areas of the skin;
the procedure is carried out 1-2 times a day;
every 48 hours you should carefully remove dead areas of tumors;
Flat papillomas disappear on their own without external intervention.

The duration of treatment is determined by its success and continues until complete recovery.

Video - How to get rid of papillomas using folk remedies

Potato juice

It is also an excellent product that does not have a toxic or dangerous effect on the body and skin. Suitable for combination treatment not only with traditional drugs, but also with folk ones. Only freshly prepared juice can be used to lubricate papillomas. The procedure is repeated an unlimited number of times per day, since potato juice cannot cause allergies. This home remedy can also be used to lubricate growths on intimate places and the face.

Attention! The possibility of combining folk remedies with traditional medicine for each individual patient should be checked with your doctor. These recipes are not suitable for the treatment of papillomas on the walls of the vagina and cervix.

If you have papillomas on any part of the body, you should seek help from a gynecologist. In this case, a woman should definitely undergo a colposcopy, which will be able to see the absence or presence of viral tumors on the walls of the vaginal mucosa and cervix. After this, comprehensive treatment will be prescribed, which will prevent the disease from developing into pathological and health-threatening processes.

In gynecology, HPV is considered a sexually transmitted infection. A feature of the disease is that without timely treatment, the virus can mutate into cancerous tumors. HPV in women is a fairly common disease; according to statistics, more than 50% of sexually active representatives of the fair sex are infected, in addition, most of them are not even aware of their carriage. Human papillomavirus infection in women can be asymptomatic and be discovered completely accidentally during a routine examination.

I would like to note that the papilloma virus in women can appear at any age in sexually mature women. The good news is that papilloma in women does not always cause cancer. With strong protective properties, the immune system resists infection and destroys virus cells as soon as they begin to become active.

What is HPV?

A doctor can tell you in detail what HPV is in gynecology; he will even analyze how the virus could get into your body. In medicine, there are more than 120 methods of infection, 40 of which involve unprotected sexual contact. In most cases, those types of HPV in women that were acquired during sex develop into erosion.

Vaginal sex is not necessarily necessary for human papillomavirus to develop in women; the disease is transmitted through oral touch and contact with genital lubricants. If the virus enters a woman’s body through anal sex, then the likelihood of developing cancer of the anus and rectum is much higher than cancer of the uterus and appendages. In rare cases, HPV in women can appear as a result of kissing. Infection can occur during childbirth from a sick mother to a child.

The human papillomavirus in women in gynecology is very common; there is even a risk group of patients who can get sick, these include:

those who started sexual activity early;
frequently changing sexual partners;
with hormonal imbalances;
women during menopause;
with the presence of chronic inflammatory diseases;
people with reduced immunity.

According to the science of gynecology, the human papillomavirus is not transmitted when using the same household appliances and hygiene products with a sick person.

Once in the body, the virus is met by immune cells that suppress the activity of the virus and prevent it from multiplying, but if a person’s immunity is weakened, HPV penetrates the basal layer of the skin and is integrated into the chromosomes. Cells, due to exposure to the virus, mutate and begin to divide uncontrollably on a limited surface. Accordingly, outwardly this manifests itself in the development of warts and genital warts.

Papillomavirus types 16 and 18

Modern gynecology identifies more than 150 types of papilloma in women. Among them there are safe types of HPV and malignant strains. Types 68 and 58 are considered to be the most dangerous. In 70% of cases, these strains develop into cervical cancer. HPV types 16 and 18 in women are also considered highly oncogenic types. They do not always lead to malignancy of condylomas, but the risk is very high. If a woman has been diagnosed with hpv 16 or 18 once, then she must be registered with a doctor for the rest of her life.

The slightest decrease in immunity or inflammation can provoke re-activation of the disease, because, as is known, it is impossible to cure HPV 16.18 and other strains; the activity of the virus can only be suspended for some time.

Papilloma type 16 begins to show symptoms after three weeks, this is the main threat. When HPV type 16 in women is at an early stage of its development, it provokes benign neoplasms on the skin and mucous membrane of the genital organ; they usually have a round shape and a diameter of 10 mm. The color of the growths can be flesh-colored or brown. HPV type 18 is also very often observed in women; it is the same highly oncogenic disease with similar symptoms, the only difference is in the cellular structure of the strain.

If papillomavirus types 16 and 18 are present in the body, then the disease boveniod papulosis can be provoked. When infected with hpv 16, patients first notice beige growths on the labia, then on the thighs and in the anus. Condylomas may not cause discomfort, since they do not itch or hurt. Human papillomavirus type 18 develops much more actively than HPV type 16, and affects large areas of skin in a short time. Sometimes, condylomas merge with each other and form large lesions that look like mushrooms.

HPV symptoms

Symptoms of the disease manifest themselves in different ways; the signs of the disease directly depend on the strain of the virus that has entered the woman’s body. As a rule, the main symptom of the development of HPV in women is warts in intimate places and spotting during sex. Warts can be located on the external genitalia or internally. They are diagnosed by a gynecologist during an examination. Type 16 papillomas, when torn or ulcerated, release a clear liquid with an unpleasant odor. The main symptoms of HPV 16 are condylomas, which can be large in size and grow over the entire genital opening, moving to the femoral-inguinal folds.

The human papillomavirus is not uncommon in gynecology, and medicine has already studied this disease in detail. Apart from the formation of genital warts and warts, the disease does not exhibit additional symptoms that would characterize the reproduction of HPV 16, 18 or other strains in the DNA. Against the background of reduced immunity, general weakness, dizziness, sleep disturbance and other typical symptoms may occur, but they are in no way related specifically to the virus.

Diagnosis and treatment of HPV in women

Treatment of human papillomavirus infection is a long and troublesome process; it usually begins with correct diagnosis. In order for the treatment of papillomavirus in women to be successful, you need to understand exactly which strain develops in the body, because sometimes the treatment regimen for HPV is different. Laboratory workers know well what HPV 16 and 18 are, and can identify these and other strains in a cytological smear. Sometimes, for an accurate diagnosis, the patient may be sent to:

colposcopy;
PCR analysis;
cervical biopsy;
molecular biological test;
histology of the seized material.

Gynecology has been studying the papilloma virus for a long time, and doctors can say with confidence that this disease does not develop alone, but against the background of other sexually transmitted diseases. In addition to the above tests for the presence of HPV, the patient is referred for the diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis and herpes. If there is an additional sexually transmitted infection, then it is first eliminated, and then they begin to treat human papillomavirus in women.

A gynecologist will tell you how to treat human papillomavirus infection specifically in your case; the important thing is that both sexual partners should undergo therapy. If only a woman is cured, and the carrier was a man, then the couple will never get rid of HPV; there will be repeated infections and repeated exacerbations.

Treatment of HPV in women is prescribed with drugs that are chosen based on test results. As a rule, the following medications are used:

Panavir – intravenously;
Condimin;
Viferon;
Solcoderm;
Bonafton ointment;
Aldora cream.

If women have HPV type 16, treatment with antiviral drugs cannot completely cure the patient. It is necessary to rid the body of concomitant diseases that can give impetus to the development of a dormant virus. Human papillomavirus infection can be treated using the following medications:

Galavit;
Imunofan;
Immunal;
Epigen;
Sumamed;
Neoir;
Cycloferon;
Fluorurvcil;
Retinoic ointment.

I would especially like to mention pregnant women. If a woman becomes infected in the first months of bearing a child, then treatment for HPV types 16, 18 and other strains will not be carried out until the baby is born. Treatment of the papilloma virus in women during this sensitive period will consist of increasing immune strength. In an infected pregnant woman, the child is born carrying the virus in 78%. If a woman had human papillomavirus type 16 before pregnancy, the baby can be born without defects and completely healthy.

Infection with HPV in the first months of pregnancy is fraught with fetal pathologies. The woman may even be advised to terminate the pregnancy or have it through a caesarean section.

Surgical treatment of papilloma

Treatment of human papilloma in women may not only include conservative treatment. Of course, antiviral agents act on the pathogen from the inside, dulling its activity, but most of all, visible growths on the skin cause discomfort. Treatment of HPV 16 and 18 can be carried out surgically - doctors excise the skin along with the condyloma and send it for cytology. This analysis will allow us to understand the degree of aggressiveness of the disease and remove the growth that was haunting the patient. Doctors do not give guarantees that a wart will no longer appear in this place; in addition, the rehabilitation period after complete removal of the growth is long and painful.

Whether HPV 16, 18 can be treated in other ways is of interest to a huge number of people who are faced with the disease. In modern medicine there are a number of minimally invasive techniques that are increasingly used in the fight against condylomas. Among the most effective methods of treatment are:

electrocoagulation- exposure to low power electric current on the growth;
cryodestruction - exposure to liquid nitrogen on condyloma and the skin next to it;
laser therapy- exposure of a wart to a laser beam of a certain length.

These minimally invasive techniques answer the question of how to treat the papilloma virus in gynecology without leaving large scars on the skin, and with a complete absence of a rehabilitation period. After these procedures, there is no need to stay in the hospital, you can go home straight away. To carry out the procedure, the patient does not even need to be given anesthesia; pain is minimal.

HPV in women is what it is, now you know, it is important that with this disease, removing condyloma is not enough, you need to influence the causes of their formation. If papilloma is treated correctly, and the patient observes the prevention of its exacerbation - eats vitamin-containing foods, leads an active lifestyle and uses barrier contraception, the disease will recede and may not make itself felt for a long time. Remember what HPV is and what serious consequences can occur if the virus is transmitted. If you have the slightest symptoms or even suspicions of papilloma infection, contact your doctor and he will tell you how to treat the disease in an individual consultation.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus that promotes active cell division in the body, which leads to the appearance of genital warts, warts and papillomas on the skin of the anorectal area. Today it is known that there are more than 100 types of human papillomavirus, each of which has a different degree of oncogenicity.

The greatest danger of this infection is that the papilloma virus in women can cause the development of a malignant tumor of the cervix, vulva or anus. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus infection can minimize the risk of developing cancer, especially of the cervix.

Considering the danger of this infection, we want to tell you where the human papillomavirus comes from, how human papillomavirus infection manifests itself and how to cure it. We will also introduce you to modern methods of diagnosis and prevention of human papillomavirus in women.

The type of human papillomavirus determines how the human papillomavirus infection will develop and manifest itself in the future, as well as the choice of treatment methods.

Human papillomaviruses are usually divided according to their degree of oncogenicity. Thus, all types of virus can be divided into three groups. HPV typing allows us to identify a group of patients at high risk of developing cancer.

The first group includes five types of non-oncogenic HPV, namely 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The listed types are not oncogenic, and therefore cannot cause cervical cancer.

The second group consists of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 42, 43 and 44, which have a low degree of oncogenicity. By themselves, representatives of this group cannot cause cancer of the cervix, vulva or anus, but can pave the way for the appearance of malignant tumors.

The third group of HPV is considered the most dangerous, which consists of types 16, 18, 31, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 59 and 68. The listed types of HPV have the highest degree of oncogenicity. Almost 80% of women infected with these types of human papillomavirus will sooner or later develop cancer of the cervix, vulva or anus, and the risk of breast cancer also increases significantly.

Human papillomavirus in women: causes

The causative agent of human papillomavirus infection is the DNA human papillomavirus. This virus penetrates not only the mucous layer, but also the deeper layers of the skin.

There are a number of factors that contribute to human papillomavirus infection, namely:

The routes of transmission of human papillomavirus can be as follows:

The main route of transmission is sexual. The infection can be transmitted to girls not only during unprotected vaginal and anal intercourse, but also during petting.

If a woman suffers from papillomavirus infection and there are condylomas or papillomas on the walls of the vagina or labia, then the child may also become infected with them during childbirth.

It is also possible to become infected with HPV through a handshake, personal hygiene items, pool water, sauna, etc.

Why is human papillomavirus dangerous in women?

The human papillomavirus, if the immune system is strong, is self-healing in 90% of cases. But in the presence of favorable conditions, which are created by the above factors, papillomavirus infection can transform into cancer of the vulva, cervix, labia or anus.

As we have already said, in 70% of women with cervical cancer, human papillomaviruses, which belong to the third group, were identified in their blood. HPV types 16 and 18 are considered the most dangerous.

The human papillomavirus in women on the cervix requires immediate therapeutic measures to prevent the development of dysplasia and then cancer.

In addition, papillomavirus increases the risk of contracting other sexually transmitted infections, and can also be transmitted to a child during passage through the genital tract.

Each type of human papillomavirus has its own characteristics and specific symptoms. Let's look at them.

Human papillomavirus type 16 in women

Human papillomavirus 16 is a common type of HPV found in more than half of infected people. This type is highly oncogenic.

The pathogenesis of human papillomavirus infection caused by HPV 16 is that the pathogen invades the genome of the body's cells and blocks the processes of natural antitumor defense, as a result of which papillomas, condylomas or warts appear on the skin.

In women infected with HPV 16, gray or brown flat spots with a rough surface of various sizes appear on the skin of the genitals and anorectal area. Such rashes are called bowenoid papulosis.

The second sign of papullovirus infection caused by HPV 16 may be genital warts, which appear not only in the genital area, but also in the eyelids, thighs, neck, armpits, etc.

The most dangerous manifestation of HPV 16 is intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervical mucosa, which belongs to precancerous conditions.

Human papillomavirus type 18

HPV 18 is another oncogenic virus that, when integrated into the DNA of human cells, blocks the functioning of the immune system and promotes the formation of benign tumors. Such tumors are prone to malignancy.

Papillomavirus type 18 can cause cervical cancer in women. This trend has been proven by scientists who identified this type of virus in 70% of women with cervical cancer.

Signs of HPV 18 activation:

genital warts on the skin of the genitals and anus. When injured, these tumors may bleed. Condylomas are most prone to malignancy;
papillomas. These rounded neoplasms do not differ in color from the skin, but rise above its level. Most often, papillomas affect the skin of the axillary area and genitals, but in advanced cases they can spread to other areas.
warts, round rashes that rise above the skin and are red or dark in color.

HPV 31 is not only dangerous, but also an insidious oncogenic virus, since it can persist in the body asymptomatically for a long time.

Symptoms of human papillomavirus infection appear when favorable conditions are created in the body, that is, the immune system weakens under the influence of various factors (hypothermia, hormonal imbalance, exacerbation of chronic diseases, acute infections, sexually transmitted diseases, etc.). Moreover, this type of virus is equally dangerous for both females and males.

Papillomavirus type 31 in women manifests itself as papillomas and condylomas in the genital and anorectal areas. There may also be vaginal discharge, pain during intercourse, discomfort in the vagina, and others.

Human papillomavirus type 33

HPV 33 is another dangerous virus that can trigger a carcinogenic process.

Symptoms of human papillomavirus type 33 in women can manifest as warts on the genitals. The incubation period for this type of human papillomavirus infection is 12-16 weeks. After this time, genital warts on a wide stalk are detected on the labia, vaginal walls and cervix. A feature of condylomas caused by HPV 33 is that they do not have clear boundaries and a smooth surface.

This type of virus can also cause a precancerous condition called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Human papillomavirus type 35

Human papillomavirus type 35 in women can manifest itself with the following symptoms:

the formation of warts, which is more common in girls;
genital warts, which occur on the genitals and tissues of the anorectal area. This type of neoplasm progresses very quickly, turning into large spots;
Flat condylomas rarely appear with human papillomavirus infection type 35. But, nevertheless, this type of condylomas is dangerous because it often degenerates into a cancerous tumor.

The listed neoplasms are accompanied by severe itching, pain and discomfort. Women may also have symptoms of body intoxication in the form of fever, chills, excessive sweating and general weakness.

Human papillomavirus type 39 is also included in the group of viruses with a high risk of oncogenicity. It should be said that this type of virus is most dangerous for women, since men are mainly carriers of the infection.

Papillomavirus type 39 in women can cause the formation of both warts and papillomas or condylomas, which are prone to degeneration into malignant neoplasms. Most often, such neoplasms are localized on the walls of the vagina and cervical canal.

Human papillomavirus type 45

Papillomavirus type 45 in women is also highly oncogenic. Moreover, the first signs of human papillomavirus infection can appear even 20 years after infection.

During the course of human papillomavirus infection caused by virus type 45, three stages are distinguished. The first stage is characterized by the appearance of genital warts and condylomas. The second stage of the disease is accompanied by dysplasia of the cervical epithelium. The most dangerous stage is the third stage, which is characterized by the development of cancer of the cervix, vulva or anus.

Human papillomavirus type 51

Symptoms of human papillomavirus type 51 in women appear already during the incubation period, which can last several years. During this period, women develop single genital warts, genital or flat condylomas. The classic localization of these neoplasms is the genitals (vaginal walls, cervix, labia minora and labia majora), but the process can also spread to the eyelids, inguinal and axillary areas.

What human papillomavirus infection type 51 looks like can be seen in the presented photos.

Human papillomavirus type 52

A peculiarity of human papillomavirus type 52 in women is that it is activated mainly during the period when the aging of the body begins (after 35 years).

This type of human papillomavirus infection is characterized by the same symptoms as other types, namely: warts and condylomas on the genitals, as well as cervical dysplasia.

Human papillomavirus type 56 is characterized by a short incubation period (up to three months).

Symptoms of papillomavirus type 56 in women appear at the end of the incubation period and are characterized by the formation of genital warts and genital warts on a thin stalk, which are localized on the walls of the vagina and cervix. In advanced cases, cervical dysplasia occurs, which is a precancerous condition.

Human papillomavirus type 59

A distinctive feature of human papillomavirus type 59 in women is that warts and condylomas affect not only the genitals, but also the anus and rectum, which increases the risk of developing anorectal cancer.

Warts reach quite large sizes (up to 10 mm) and have a rough surface and uneven edges, which can be seen in the photo.

Genital warts have a thin stalk and a pointed apex (see photo). The color of condylomas may differ from the color of the skin.

Papillomas are characterized by rapid growth and spread.

Skin rashes (condylomas, warts and papillomas) can be easily seen during external and internal gynecological examination (see photo).

Also, in the process of diagnosing HPV, colposcopy can be used - examination of the cervix with a special device - a colposcope, which allows you to enlarge the image several times and even display the image on a computer monitor.

But the most accurate diagnostic method is an analysis for the human papillomavirus, which is carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

PCR is used both to confirm the presence of human papillomavirus in the female body and to identify its type.

The “gold standard” for diagnosing HPV is the Digene Test, which determines the number of viral bodies in the body. Knowing the number of viruses in the body, you can estimate the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Also, all patients with suspected HPV are prescribed a cytological examination.

How to treat human papillomavirus in women?

Treatment of human papillomavirus in women can be conservative and surgical.

Tablets against human papillomavirus should have both antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The following medications are considered the most effective today:

Monotherapy with these drugs is rarely used. Basically, one medicine is combined with another, for example, Allokin-alpha is prescribed systemically, and Epigen-intim cream is prescribed locally. Therapy is also supplemented with immunomodulators, such as Likopid, Immunomax and others.

Since genital warts, papillomas, genital warts and cervical dysplasia increase the risk of developing cancer, they are removed using minimally invasive surgical techniques, which include the following:

electrocoagulation;
laser removal;
cryodestruction;
chemotherapy;
removal by radio waves and others.

In severe cases, cervical amputation may be used.

Is there specific prevention of human papillomavirus?

Today in our country two vaccinations against human papillomavirus in women are certified, namely: Gardasil and Cervarix.

These vaccines protect the body from HPV types 16 and 18, which most often cause cervical cancer. In developed countries of America and Europe, these vaccines are included in the vaccination schedule for girls. For example, in Germany, vaccination against HPV is indicated for all girls over 12 years of age. Vaccination is carried out in three stages.

In Russia, the vaccine can be purchased at pharmacy chains. The average cost of the drug is 7,200 rubles.

The human body is home to a large number of different viruses. Many of them are inactive and do not affect health in any way. But at the slightest failure the immune system can go into an active state. That's exactly what it is. The pathogen is in the blood. The disease is infectious, chronic, and relapses occur frequently.

Women aged 30-50 years are most susceptible to the disease. Approximately 10% of people have human papillomavirus in their blood; in women, treatment can be carried out after consulting a doctor.

Human papillomavirus in women - what is it?

This virus is very common and has many different subtypes. Each variety causes a different disease. For example, there may be. Some cause warts and various neoplasms. Others lead to cancer.

Papilloma is a benign tumor. The main element (the connective tissue papilla) contains blood vessels and a layer of squamous epithelium. They can occur in the oral cavity, in the nasal mucosa, and on the organs of the reproductive system.

Important! For the female body, the virus is very dangerous. It causes serious diseases of the genital organs. In 8 out of 10 cases, this virus develops into cervical cancer.

Symptoms

The virus has mainly external manifestations. Let's look at them in more detail.

Warts. Benign neoplasms. The color almost matches the skin. They can appear and disappear on their own. Because they are common viral infections.
Confluent pointed neoplasms. Sometimes several condylomas merge together, acquiring the color of seaweed. With magnification, you can see individual papillae with loop-shaped blood capillaries.
Flat condylomas. Appear on the cervix. They indicate a chronic and advanced disease, which has led to changes in the epithelium of the organ.
Genital warts. Can be multiple or single. Most often appear. They can be easily detected during hygiene procedures.

In addition to the appearance of various papillomas in a woman, the lymph nodes may become slightly enlarged, profuse leucorrhoea, itching and irritation may occur.

Important! The papilloma virus does not have any special clinical symptoms, and timely diagnosis is difficult. Therefore, only a strong immune system and regular medical examination can protect the body from the negative consequences of this virus.

Why do they appear?

The virus spreads through the bloodstream throughout the body and enters the epithelium. Failures begin that lead to rapid cell division and the appearance of benign neoplasms.

The virus most often appears during promiscuity. Men are most often hidden carriers of the virus. Since the pathology in their body is in a latent state, men suffer from this disease less often. Read our article for details.

Important! There is also a household route of infection through the use of infected household items. Especially when they arise.

Children can become infected from a sick mother during childbirth. These children may develop laryngeal cancer.

Risk factors:

weakened immune system, vitamin deficiency, stress and depression;
uncontrolled use of medications and oral contraceptives;
infectious diseases, changes in the vaginal microflora;
bad habits.

Poor heredity, frequent abortions and childbirth, anal sex, and inflammatory processes in the cervix can provoke the manifestation of pathology.

Which doctor should I contact?

The choice of specialist depends on the location of the growths. A dermatovenerologist deals with papillomas on the body. If neoplasms are detected on the genitals, you must visit a gynecologist. If you experience discomfort in the anus, you will need to consult a proctologist.

Before starting treatment, the doctor will prescribe PCR diagnostics, biopsy and cytological studies. At the moment, there is no effective remedy for papillomas in modern medicine. Complex therapy is used for treatment.

Other treatment methods include:

use of chemicals (vartek) – papillomas are treated using an applicator that is wetted in a solution;
liquid nitrogen;
surgical intervention;
radio wave scalpel;
removal of tumors using laser.

Important! The presence of a virus in the body does not guarantee the development of serious diseases. Manifestations are observed in every second woman.

Papilloma in an intimate place

The appearance of this pathology on the genitals, in the anus and on the mucous membrane of the perineum causes women particular discomfort. During sex, such warts can be injured - pain, blood and discomfort may appear. This can be a serious stress for a woman.

What is the difference between these papillomas:

this variation of the disease is the most contagious - if you have sexual contact with an infected partner, the probability of getting the virus is 100%;
neoplasms in intimate places often develop into malignant tumors.

The virus is often transmitted on shared objects. You can get it in baths, saunas, and swimming pools.

On the labia

This growth looks like a small mushroom - the skin grows and attaches to a small stalk. It may have a sharp end or resemble a flat wart. The color of the papilloma is the same as that of the skin, or slightly lighter. Visually, the neoplasm does not resemble a mole in any way, so it is impossible to confuse it.

A common occurrence is clusters of growths on the labia that have a fleshy consistency. Such papillomas require mandatory removal.

In the vagina

Papillary growths can be located on the walls or near the entrance to the vagina. Cause itching and burning at the site of formation. They are flesh-colored or pink in color.

The virus enters the vagina through sexual contact with a carrier of the virus. The incubation period is from 2 to 3 months. Unfavorable factors can accelerate the development of the disease; visible signs will appear within 14 days.

The disease can also occur due to diseases of the reproductive sphere and weakened immunity.

Causes of condylomas:

early onset of sexual activity;
lack of vitamins;
unbalanced state of flora in the vagina;
frequent nervous tension.

Important! Lasting immunity to the human papillomavirus is not developed. Therefore, the likelihood of re-formation of growths and infection is quite high.

Human papillomavirus on the cervix

Such growths are often the cause of cancer. Every woman who does not have a regular partner has a risk of becoming infected. The virus can enter the body during kissing, oral and anal sex.

The main reasons for the activation of the virus on the cervix are weak protective functions of the body, stress, bad habits, and digestive disorders.

The virus survives well in the external environment. Therefore, you should not try on other people’s underwear or use other people’s washcloths and towels.
It is impossible to recognize this disease on your own. Pathology can only be detected during a routine examination by a gynecologist.
Pointed papillomas indicate an acute course of the disease. But it is much easier to treat them than inactive ones.

During pregnancy

Pregnancy is accompanied by hormonal changes in the body. This is the main reason for the appearance of the papilloma virus. Also in an interesting position, a woman gains weight. Many fat folds appear, rubbing against each other. Warts appear most often in such places.

Warts are small in size and flesh-colored or brown in color. They are rarely malignant and cause more aesthetic problems.

If a woman had papillomatosis before pregnancy, then in the second half of pregnancy the virus will become more active and spread throughout the body. But the presence of this disease does not imply a mandatory cesarean section. Such delivery is indicated only if the warts on the genitals are very large and interfere with the normal process of childbirth.

A child can become infected in the womb or at birth. But most often this does not pose a danger to the baby; his body can cope with this pathology on its own.

Important! If during pregnancy papillomas appear on the cervix, this can lead to the loss of the child.

Intraductal papilloma of the mammary gland

The disease is not a common female ailment, but can be very dangerous. This type of papilloma is benign and is an internal growth in the form of a small nipple. It can form in any part of the mammary gland. But most often - in the area of mastopathy development.

Laundry soap

The product is successfully used to treat many female diseases. Even gynecologists recommend it.

To combat papillomas, it is necessary to apply a thick layer of the product to the neoplasm.
The procedure is carried out before bedtime for 3-4 days.
Then the growth will begin to become inflamed. The papilloma will dry out and disappear.

You should lather the growth very carefully - any damage can lead to infection.

You can use tar soap in the same way.

Celandine

The most famous folk treatment method is. You can use fresh plant juice, or oil purchased at a pharmacy - the effect will be approximately the same.

The liquid is applied to the affected areas three times a day. You should not tie the growth with thread - with regular use, it will soon fall off on its own.

Pregnant women can also be vaccinated - safety for the child has been confirmed by many studies.
Vaccination protects the body from a carcinogenic type of virus. Develop lasting immunity. Vaccination is carried out in 3 stages over 6 months.

Anyone can become infected with the human papillomavirus. And only following simple preventive measures and regular examinations with a gynecologist will help reduce the chance of developing the disease to zero. If a virus is detected, begin treatment immediately so as not to infect a child or loved one.

HPV, or human papillomavirus, is an infectious disease that affects about 80% of the planet's population of reproductive age. Externally, it manifests itself in the form of unpleasant growths on the skin and mucous membranes. The pathogen is transmitted only from person to person and has the ability to remain in the body in a “dormant” state for several months or several years.

The virus can make itself felt suddenly as a result of weakened immunity, stress, inflammatory disease, or hormonal imbalance. Moreover, it poses a greater threat to a woman’s health than a man. Why? The fact is that HPV in women causes the development of an erosive process on the cervix, which can lead to cancer. For this reason, as soon as you notice tumors on the body, and even more so on the labia, you should immediately consult a doctor and treat HPV.

Manifestations and diagnosis of the disease

Manifestations of HPV can be different. Beginning to actively develop in the body, the pathogen leads to changes in epithelial cells. As a result, the appearance of neoplasms of various types:

Warts are thread-like or lump-like growths on the neck, eyelids, back of the body, under the breasts. The color varies from brown to beige. They are caused by non-oncogenic or low-oncogenic strains of HPV.
Genital warts. They appear on the genitals and are characterized by a high risk of degeneration into malignant tumors. They are often injured during sexual intercourse, which is why they merge into one neoplasm, outwardly resembling a cauliflower in its structure.
Flat condylomas are growths on the cervix, in the thickness of its epithelium.

In addition to external manifestations, when infected with HPV, women may experience a deterioration in their general health, fever, swollen lymph nodes, pain or bleeding during sexual intercourse.

Detection of the virus is carried out using a number of examinations:

Palpation and visual examination on a gynecological chair using mirrors.
Colposcopy is the examination of the cervix using a special magnifying device, a colposcope. To test for infection, the doctor first treats the area of the cervix with a solution of acetic acid or Lugol's. Based on the nature of the reaction of the mucous membrane with the reagent, the specialist will be able to identify the lesion, analyze the general condition of the cervical tissue (presence of scars, ruptures), and differentiate a malignant tumor from a benign one.
Cytological examination of a smear (from the cervical canal or cervix) allows you to see cancerous formations in the cervical area at the time of their inception. The material is collected by scraping the cells. Next, the material is sent to the laboratory for study. To get extremely accurate results, the patient needs to prepare for the analysis in advance: abstain from sexual intercourse for two days, do not douche, do not take oral contraceptives, and go to the toilet no later than three hours before the procedure.
PCR diagnostics (a study using the polymerase chain reaction method) makes it possible to determine the presence of a virus in the blood with 100% accuracy, establish the HPV strain, and make a prognosis for the development of the disease. For examination, a scraping of the epithelium of the neoplasm is taken.

Based on the results obtained, the doctor will see the exact clinical picture and will be able to choose the optimal treatment for the patient.

Conservative drug therapy

To cure human papillomavirus, a woman will have to undergo a course of combination therapy, which includes:

taking immunomodulatory and antiviral drugs aimed at increasing the body’s natural defenses and suppressing the vital activity of the pathogen;
treatment of neoplasms with special gels, ointments, aerosols, solutions.

The most effective drugs for treating HPV, according to many infectious disease doctors, are the following:

Alpizarin - its main active ingredient magniferin, obtained from the Alpine kopeks plant, has the ability to act on DNA-containing viruses and suppress their vital activity. It is recommended to take Alpizarin 2 tablets 3 times a day. This remedy works better in the initial stages of the disease or during relapse.
Isoprinosine is a Hungarian immunomodulatory drug with antiviral action. At the discretion of the doctor, it should be taken 2 tablets 3 or 4 times a day for a month. After a 10-day break, the course of treatment with Isoprinosine can be repeated.
Lykopid is a drug with the main active ingredient glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP), which has a strong immunostimulating effect. GMDP is a synthetic analogue of parts of the cell membrane of a pathogen. As a result of oral administration, innate and acquired immunity is activated. The body begins to produce its own substances that can suppress the activity and spread of the virus. Likopid can be taken simultaneously with other antiviral and antibacterial agents, as it enhances their effect. The treatment regimen is determined by the doctor.
Acyclovir is an inexpensive and at the same time effective antiviral drug with a pronounced immunostimulating effect. It should be taken in courses of one tablet every four hours.
Ferrovir - due to the presence of sodium deoxyribonucleate salt with ferrum in its composition, stimulates an increase in local and general immunity, reduces the viral load. Treatment with Ferrovir is carried out in courses of 10 days.

These medications may have side effects such as vomiting, nausea, headache, decreased performance, and apathy. If one of the symptoms appears, you should not immediately stop taking the drug. As practice shows, after a few days the unpleasant sensations disappear. If the condition does not improve within this time, you need to stop taking the pills and contact your doctor and ask to find another remedy.

Dietary supplements as part of complex therapy

Dietary supplements (dietary supplements) belong to a group of drugs that are not registered as medicines, but are nevertheless often prescribed by doctors for the treatment of HPV in women.

These include:

Promisan is a drug that contains indole-3-carbinol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as well as the minerals manganese, selenium, iodine, zinc, copper, and iron. These components, collected together, prevent the appearance of atypical cells and increase the sensitivity of malignant cells to primary therapy drugs. Therefore, Promisan is prescribed to women who have been diagnosed with HPV strains of oncogenic risk and have experienced changes in the walls of the vagina or cervix.
Indinol is a drug with the main active ingredient indole-3-carbinol, which is capable of correcting pathological processes occurring in the vagina and cervix. It is prescribed to prevent cervical erosion, dysplasia, normalize hormonal levels, inhibit the development of atypical cells, and suppress the activity of the virus. To achieve the desired result, it is recommended to take Indinol for a long time, not only for the woman, but also for her partner.
Indole-forte - thanks to the cruciferous plant extracts and indole-3-carbinol included in the composition, the drug restores tissue damaged by the virus, stimulates the growth of healthy cells, and is an excellent means of preventing HPV. The course of treatment with Indole-Forte takes at least a month. Adults are recommended to take 1 capsule daily.

Medicines for topical application

In addition to taking medications for HPV, doctors recommend that patients treat tumors with special means. Their choice depends on the location of the papilloma: aggressive substances are strictly forbidden to use for the treatment of condylomas on the mucous membranes, and, conversely, gentle ointments and gels will not have the desired effect if they are used to treat tumors on the body.

How to treat human papillomavirus in a woman’s intimate places? If, during an examination in a gynecological chair, the patient is found to have changes in the cervix or vaginal mucosa, the doctor may prescribe her Kolpocid gel. This drug has an antiviral and immunocorrective effect and is used for intravaginal administration. Its active ingredients not only suppress viral activity, but also promote rapid regeneration of vaginal and cervical tissue. The gel is administered at night. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor.

Oxolinic ointment has proven itself well in the treatment of growths on intimate places. This affordable remedy has both antiviral and antiherpetic properties and can suppress the activity of the pathogen. Doctors recommend treating the affected areas with oxolinic ointment twice a day for 15–60 days.

You can get rid of papillomas on the body in a conservative way - by burning them out using special means. These include:

Collomak is a solution based on lactic and salicylic acids. As a result of application to the papilloma, necrosis of its upper tissues occurs, it gradually decreases in size and disappears.
Aladar is a cream that stimulates the body's production of its own interferon, which is necessary to fight human papillomavirus infection. The procedure for applying the cream to the tumors is repeated every other day. The maximum treatment course lasts 4 months.
SAN FEN ZHONG is a Chinese ointment with a double effect: it destroys the virus and burns out growths. Unlike other medicines, it should not be left on the skin for more than 4 minutes. Wash off with warm soapy water. The first result will be noticeable after the sixth application.
Stefalin is an ointment based on plant materials. Thanks to the ability of the active components to penetrate to the very root of the growth, the product manages to destroy it from the inside. After several treatment procedures, the tumor dries out and soon disappears. A small bump remains in its place, which should also be lubricated with Stefalin until it disappears completely.

Using the above tools, you should adhere to some rules:

Wash the pre-treated area with soapy water and dry thoroughly.
Apply exclusively to new growths, so as not to injure healthy skin around.
Carefully study the instructions, do not independently extend the course of therapy or increase the recommended number of applications. Otherwise, you can get severe burns and necrosis of healthy tissue.

Modern methods of tumor destruction

Surgical therapy for papillomas involves their removal with special devices in a clinical setting. In total, there are five ways to destroy tumors. The specialist decides which one to choose, taking into account the affected area.

Rational methods for removing genital warts:

Cryotherapy – exposure to cold (low-temperature nitrogen). Used for the destruction of tumors on the labia in women.
Radio wave therapy – removal of tumors using high frequency waves. For this purpose, the Surgitron apparatus is used. It can be used on any area, since the effect on condyloma is targeted, healthy skin and mucous membranes are not affected.
The laser method is considered the most effective. Firstly, the laser beam can penetrate into the most inaccessible places, i.e. it can remove tumors on the cervix. Secondly, after using the laser there are no scars left, which is extremely important for nulliparous women; the cervix will not lose elasticity.

To remove growths on the body, you can use thermocoagulation or a surgical method.

Thermocoagulation involves the complete removal of papillomas due to exposure to high temperature (burning). After the operation, a scab will remain on the body, which over time will turn into clean skin.
The tumor should be removed surgically (with a scalpel) in extreme cases - when it is large. The disadvantage of this method is the long rehabilitation period, as well as the likelihood of scar formation.

Surgical therapy should only be carried out in parallel with drug therapy, otherwise there is a possibility that the tumor will reappear.