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The normal microflora of the vagina is, first of all, an acidic environment in which the number of beneficial bacteria is higher than harmful ones. How to restore vaginal microflora? There are several harmless, but very effective ways.

The first signs of problems with microflora

Violations of the vaginal microflora are completely invisible at first glance. However, some abnormalities appear in the body. First of all, this manifests itself in discharge. They acquire an unnatural shade and smell. Sometimes they cause itching and irritation. This is the first symptom indicating that there are fewer beneficial bacteria in the microflora, and more pathogenic ones.

Secondly, the vaginal microflora is disturbed if there is absolute dryness of the vagina during sexual intercourse. This is only a symptom if dryness is not an anatomical feature. Lack of lubrication during sexual intercourse signals a change in the state of the acidic environment of the vagina.

Violation of the vaginal microflora cannot always be noticed immediately

“Thrush” or Candida fungus is also a type of vaginal microflora disorder that requires treatment under the supervision of a specialist. Unsystematic and self-treatment can lead to aggravation of the microflora.

If there are no signs of disruption of the vaginal microflora, then only a doctor can determine it based on tests (smear). The smear determines the number of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the vagina, as well as the percentage of other bacteria that do not lead to disease. Any deviation from the norm is a reason for treatment or prevention of the development of sexual diseases.

Causes of microflora disturbance?

To relieve symptoms and begin treatment, first of all, you need to understand the causes of problems with microflora. The most common cause of vaginal dysbiosis is a weakening of the general immune system. For example, after hypothermia or a serious illness. Also causing disturbances in the vaginal microflora is the use of antibiotics, which “kill” all bacteria not only in the intestines, but also in the vagina. In mind anatomical features For women, these two areas are closely interconnected.

Another popular cause of problems with microflora in the vagina is a violation hormonal levels. For example, due to taking hormonal medicines or during pregnancy. Failure of the menstrual cycle also leads to a change in the state of the normal acidic environment in the vagina. Climate change also affects female body. It is noted that a sharp flight from winter to summer leads to vaginal dysbiosis.

Any sexually transmitted diseases can cause vaginal dysbiosis. Before restoring the microflora, it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment for the causative disease. In parallel with this, you can use drugs preventive action to maintain an acidic environment in the vagina.

How and with what to restore the normal acidic environment in the vagina?

All medications must be prescribed by a gynecologist, since only he can take into account everything physical features each specific woman. Treatment is mostly local, that is, in the form of suppositories, sprays and vaginal tablets. Drugs are also prescribed as an addition to local treatment general action. These can be probiotics, which contain a sufficient amount of lactobacilli to restore the vaginal microflora and components that help restore the vaginal epithelium.

It’s easy to restore healthy microflora

Among all modern drugs The following are popular:

Lactobacterin suppositories to restore vaginal microflora (administered at night);
Kipferon suppositories used in courses;
vaginal tablets "Gynoflor", used in one course;
Epigem spray, intended both for the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis and for the prevention of this disease.

These three proven remedies do not harm the body and are designed for women of any age, regardless of the causes of problems with microflora.

Traditional methods can also help restore the normal state of the vaginal microflora. And, above all, washing with kefir. To do this, dilute kefir 1:1 and warm water, wash with this solution at night, then rinse with running water.

Douching with chamomile decoction is no less effective. The only thing you should be prepared for is that chamomile dries out the skin; you need to use it extremely carefully. Pour a tablespoon pharmaceutical chamomile two glasses of boiling water, let it brew and cool. Douche every evening for ten days.

But widespread in folk medicine It is better not to use tampons with kefir or honey at night. Firstly, store-bought kefir is not as healthy as it is advertised. Secondly, such tampons can only worsen the condition of the microflora.

In order not to restore the vaginal microflora, it is necessary to minimize the risks of problems arising against this background. When prescribing courses of antibiotics, pay attention to what parallel drugs are prescribed to you, and whether any of them support the normal environment of the vagina and intestines.

Grooming is an important part women's health, but, unfortunately, many women are not sufficiently aware of the rules for its implementation. Breaking the rules intimate care can lead to disastrous consequences - dysbiosis (dysbacteriosis) of the vagina, which, in turn, can cause many inflammatory processes in the female genital organs.

Every woman should know how to properly care for herself in the intimate area, how to distinguish violations vaginal microflora, and how to restore and maintain the correct balance intimate microflora.

Taking a shower correctly

Disturbances in the balance of intimate microflora can lead to various reasons. One of the most common is incorrect water treatments. Under no circumstances should you bathe too often - no more than 2 times a day. In addition, there is no need to wash the vaginal opening itself with soap - it is enough to treat only the external genitalia with soap. You need to use delicate soap, or best of all, a special intimate soap, gel or other product designed specifically for these purposes.

It is advisable to use boiled water to cleanse the genitals. It should be warm, but not too hot and certainly not cold. There is no need to use a washcloth, as the skin of the intimate area is very delicate. The direction of movement during this intimate procedure- front to back. Other movements may cause bacteria to enter the area. anus in the vagina.

Other causes of vaginal dysbiosis

Very often, dysbiosis is a consequence of taking antibiotics, decreased immunity, and poor hygiene during sexual intercourse. A man should also be very careful about his intimate hygiene, because many bacteria are introduced into a woman’s vagina by her partner. Both participants must wash themselves before sexual intercourse. For men, it is also enough to use warm clean water and mild soap without a washcloth.

If you are using disinfectants for the intimate area, do not resort to their help too often. Ordinary antibacterial soap with triclosan, for example, can completely kill everything beneficial bacteria, getting into the vagina. Adhere to reasonable limits, because very often women, in pursuit of cleanliness, upset the balance of intimate microflora, and, as a result, pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms colonize there.

Another common cause is the abuse of tampons. If you experience discomfort in the vagina, a strange smell and color of discharge, an increase in its quantity, or discomfort during sexual intercourse, then you should avoid using tampons altogether. They should not be used in last days menstruation, and also change less frequently than every 4 hours. In any case, using pads is much safer if we're talking about about maintaining proper balance in the vagina. During menstruation, you should refrain from sexual activity, visiting the pool, sauna and taking baths.

It is very important to wear the right one underwear. Panties made from synthetic non-natural fabrics, thongs and tight trousers are reasons that can also lead to disorders in the intimate sphere. Ideal underwear should be made from clean natural fabric, best made of cotton. Panties should not pinch or “cut” into the skin.

How to restore the normal balance of intimate microflora?

The natural environment for the vagina is acidic. Soap is an alkali, so excessive washing with soap only harms our intimate area. Lactic acid, which is secreted by special “friendly” bacteria living in the vagina, is aggressive for various microbes, but at the same time it is gentle on sperm. That is, disturbances of the intimate microflora in some cases even prevent the desired pregnancy from occurring.

Treatment of vaginal dysbiosis involves the use of special suppositories with lactobacilli and ascorbic acid. Be sure to consult with your gynecologist and take a flora smear at the beginning and end of treatment. Stimulation is also very important protective properties immunity, correct and balanced diet nutrition, consumption fermented milk products in food, taking vitamin preparations.

You can also get rid of microflora disorders using folk remedies. Fermented milk products help fight the occurrence of dysbiosis not only from the outside, but also directly at the site of its occurrence. Beautiful folk remedy, which is absolutely safe and time-tested, is washing with kefir. Simply take any kefir, dilute 2 tablespoons of it in a glass of warm boiled water, and wash with this solution for a week. Can also be used with the addition of kefir or natural whey.

Intimate hygiene is necessary for every person. Proper care for delicate parts of the body provides comfort and convenience. If you follow all the recommendations correctly, there will be no discomfort, smells and various diseases caused by dysbacteriosis.

The composition of the vaginal microflora in all women is approximately the same. Normally, the differences are about 1–3%. If you examine a smear of a malignant woman, you will find the following in it.

Lactobacilli – up to 90% of the total.
Bifidobacteria – up to 10% of the total.
Opportunistic bacteria – about 1% of the total.

Candida fungus, which is the cause of thrush, is also a conditionally pathogenic fungus. It is present in the microflora of on an ongoing basis, but usually does not cause any problems. But only with pathological growth of the Candida fungus, when it becomes much more than 1%, do unpleasant symptoms candidiasis.

In addition to the disease itself, which disrupts the balance of microorganisms in the vagina, the cause of dysbiosis can be:

decreased functioning of the immune system,
imbalance of sex hormones,
intestinal dysbiosis,
insufficient personal hygiene,
hypothermia,
taking certain medications,
abrupt change in climate zone.

If you correctly determine the cause of the imbalance of microorganisms, then it recovery will take place much simpler.

Why fight dysbiosis?

Very few women think about how important it is to restore the balance of microorganisms after vaginal canidosis.

After all, it seems that it is enough to deal with the fungus, and then everything will return to normal on its own.

But with this disease he suffers greatly internal immunity vagina. And without it, the body cannot cope with dysbiosis on its own.

Therefore, restoring the balance of microorganisms after treatment of thrush is necessary, since with this disease dysbacteriosis appears, which disrupts protective functions female reproductive system.

Beneficial microorganisms that are found in a woman’s vagina perform protective functions, preventing the penetration of various pathogenic bacteria. At the same time, they have a stimulating effect on the production of proteins and maintain normal acidity.

When acidity is disturbed, the amount of discharge increases, and often it is sharp or unpleasant smell. Thus, if dysbiosis is not dealt with, it can cause the return of thrush.

Proper treatment of dysbiosis

First you need to restore top layer epithelium of the vagina, so that beneficial microflora have a place to gain a foothold. Without this restoration, the microflora will leave the body, and that’s all the treatment will pass wasted.

Therefore, when treating thrush, you must adhere to the following rules:

treatment of the disease should begin as soon as the first symptoms appear, so that thrush causes as little harm as possible to the body and internal immunity;
when taking antibiotics, antiviral and hormonal medications, probiotics should be taken simultaneously to reduce the likelihood of dysbiosis;
You should not take medications that can cause microflora imbalance without a doctor’s prescription;
Treatment of thrush should be carried out in both sexual partners at the same time.

It is important to understand that even restoring the vaginal microflora after thrush with the help of suppositories with probiotics requires a doctor’s prescription. After all, many medications have their own contraindications, and by self-medicating, you can only harm your body.

What is the best way to treat dysbiosis?

Most often for recovery beneficial microflora after thrush, probiotics are used. They contain various bifidobacteria that are beneficial to the body.

At the same time similar drugs have a cleansing and antiseptic effect.

Available in the form of solutions, drops, tablets and suppositories. Suppositories for restoring microflora after treatment of thrush are the most convenient form, as they are inserted directly into the vagina.

Vagilak

These suppositories contain calendula tincture to restore microflora. It has a healing effect and strengthens the immune system. Vagilak suppositories are used once a day at night after taking a shower. The standard course of therapy with these suppositories is 1–2 weeks, but this time may increase or decrease as prescribed by the doctor.

This drug for restoring balance has practically no contraindications, however, during the course of treatment it is advisable to refrain from alcohol, smoking and sexual intercourse. Also, these suppositories should not be used during pregnancy.

Ecofemin

Herbal suppositories prescribed to restore microflora after treatment of thrush, made on the basis of field chamomile extract. This plant has a disinfecting effect, relieves burning and eliminates dryness in the intimate area. The therapeutic course lasts from 10 to 14 days. If a recurrence of thrush occurs, then to restore the balance, the time of use is reduced to a week. 2 candles are used per day - one in the morning and one in the evening.

Contraindications for use are diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as pregnancy. During the period of treatment with Ecofemin suppositories, gynecologists recommend giving up alcohol and smoking.

Often, in combination with Ecofemin, doctors prescribe chamomile tincture, which must be taken simultaneously with the introduction of suppositories on an empty stomach. The use of such a tincture will help to act more effectively on the body and quickly restore beneficial microflora after the end of treatment. This will also help reduce the risk of thrush recurrences.

Bifidumbacterin

That's enough famous drug, which is released in various forms. The main active ingredient is bifidobacteria, which restore the acidic environment in the vagina and, when actively multiplying, have a depressing effect on the Candida fungus.

Bifidumbacterin suppositories actively cleanse microflora and can be used to restore the balance of bacteria in the intestines.

The course of treatment with these suppositories is 10 days. It is necessary to administer 3-4 suppositories per day, depending on the state of the microflora. Restoring beneficial microorganisms with the help of these suppositories is possible even during pregnancy; they are usually prescribed after 8 weeks.

While restoring the balance of microorganisms, it is not advisable to use antipyretic drugs and antibiotics.

Vaginorm-S

These candles contain large number ascorbic acid, which maintains the necessary acidity. In addition, the drug eliminates all microorganisms that irritate the uterine epithelium.

The therapeutic course is 10–14 days, 1 suppository is used daily. For more effective treatment gynecologists recommend using as much as possible during the entire course more water. Vaginorm-S is contraindicated in girls under 18 years of age and is not recommended for use in combination with antibiotics.

Lactobacterin

The medicine is made on the basis of lactobacilli acidophilus, and thanks to this it has a stimulating effect on the functioning of the immune system, improves metabolism and restores the balance of microflora. Lactobacterin suppositories to restore microflora after thrush must be used for 2 weeks, 3 suppositories per day. In addition, Lactobacterin is prescribed 10 days before birth and can be used during breastfeeding. Contraindication to the use of these suppositories is age under 18 years.

Pimafucin

These vaginal suppositories made on the basis of lactobacilli and lactic acid. Restore normal acidity and fight pathogenic microorganisms. Most often prescribed in combination with Vagikal drops. Suppositories are administered three times a day for two weeks.

The drug is compatible with antibiotics, but is not recommended for pregnant women and young girls. These suppositories cannot be used to restore microflora under certain conditions. gynecological diseases and intestinal pathologies.

Prevention of dysbacteriosis

Not only suppositories help restore the balance of microorganisms after getting rid of candidiasis. There are other ways to help an organism weakened by disease.

Compliance special diet With high content fermented milk products. Reduce consumption of animal fats, increase the amount of vegetables and fruits.
Maintaining personal hygiene helps restore the balance of microorganisms. Be sure to rinse intimate area with antibacterial agents and shower more often than usual during menstruation.
Underwear should be made from natural fabrics so that the external genitalia can breathe.
After wearing, you should wash your underwear very carefully, preferably with products that cannot cause irritation, such as baby soap.
It is imperative to visit a gynecologist at least once a year, and more often after treatment for thrush.

Each of the drugs recommended for restoring the balance of bacteria in the vagina after getting rid of thrush has its own individual properties. Therefore, it is necessary to use suppositories only as prescribed by a gynecologist and constantly monitor your health.

Every second woman suffers from dysbiosis, a disorder of the vaginal microflora. Often the disease is asymptomatic and over time gives serious complications. What signs can be used to identify the disease and how to restore the vaginal microflora with medications.

Causes of dysbiosis

U healthy woman The vaginal flora is represented by 99% lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and only 1% by opportunistic microorganisms.

This percentage is considered normal, does not cause harm and does not provoke the development of any disease.

But the vulnerable and sensitive vaginal microflora is threatened by a large number of unfavorable external and internal factors. Under their influence, the colonies are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms(fungi, gardnerella, streptococci, staphylococci, protea, E. coli, chlamydia) “displace” lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. A malfunction occurs and dysbiosis develops with inflammation of the vagina - vaginitis. At a certain period of life, every woman faces this disease sooner or later.

When does this happen and how does it manifest itself? It all depends on how strong the pathogenic pathogen is and how strong immune defense women during this period. The development of dysbiosis can be provoked by:

Hormonal changes during pregnancy. A healthy woman may experience or increase discharge. They are accompanied by itching and burning, pain during sexual intercourse. Antibacterial and immunocorrective drugs to restore vaginal microflora are not prescribed during this period. Shown only local treatment and, if necessary, it is allowed to be carried out more than once.
General and sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Always accompanied by dysbiosis. Pathogenic microorganisms of sexually transmitted infections together with opportunistic microflora cause severe inflammation, which can be removed by special antibacterial drugs.
Restoring the vaginal microflora after treatment with antibiotics is necessary, because, in addition to pathogenic microorganisms, vaginal lacto- and bifidobacteria die. Treatment with common antibiotics infectious diseases leads to the same result.
Gastrointestinal diseases with microflora imbalance. Anatomically, the walls of the rectum and vagina are located nearby. The proximity allows pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia coli, enterococcus) to easily pass this barrier.

Dysbiosis can also develop from an unbalanced diet with a large number carbohydrate foods. Also one of common reasons dysbiosis - disorder elementary rules intimate hygiene.

Clinical picture

Vaginal dysbiosis occurs in three forms: sluggish, acute, chronic.

Disease specific symptoms does not manifest itself for a long time, and those women whose body could not cope on its own turn to the doctor. At first, a woman develops white or grayish liquid discharge. Afterwards they become intense yellow with a thick consistency. IN acute period a woman may complain of discomfort, moderate pain with itching and burning. If treatment is not carried out, the disease becomes chronic, and exacerbation alternates with remission. Death of lactobacilli, and excessive growth opportunistic flora lead to serious consequences - ascending infection of the uterus with appendages, urethritis, cystitis.

Symptoms that should not be ignored and should be a reason to contact a gynecologist:

the amount of discharge has become more than usual;
the discharge has acquired an intense yellow color;
the vaginal walls have become “dry”, there is a feeling constant discomfort during sexual intercourse;
concerns about dryness, itching and burning of the external genitalia;
The discharge has an unpleasant, specific odor.

To make a diagnosis, the doctor after the examination will prescribe pH-metry, microscopy and bacterial smear culture, and amine testing.

Therapeutic program

In modern gynecology, the program for normalizing the vaginal microflora goes through three stages:

Elimination of pathogenic bacterial flora (antibacterial treatment).
Restoration of vaginal flora.
Support healthy microflora.

Antibacterial drugs, if the disease has developed against the background of infections, are prescribed Sumamed, Trichopolum, Amoxiclav, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, Tibertal, Ornidazole.

The treatment includes tampons, baths, vaginal tablets, suppositories to restore the vaginal microflora. Target local procedures: suppress pathogenic microflora, normalize local immunity, give the opportunity to recover normal amount bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.

For treatment use:

Dalacin (in the form of cream and vaginal suppositories) - antibacterial drug with the main active ingredient clindamycin phosphate.
Vaginal suppositories Flagyl with main active component metronidazole.
Vaginal suppositories Hexicon (based on chlorhexidine).

At the second stage, to restore the flora, the local immunity of the vaginal walls is corrected. Immunal and Cycloferon tablets are prescribed.

To increase the amount of beneficial microflora of the vagina, drugs with strains of live acidophilic lactobacilli are prescribed: Normoflorin L, B, D (liquid concentrate), Acepol (capsules); suppositories Acylact, Lactonorm Kipferon, Bifidumbacterin.

One of the most popular and effective drugs Lactobacterin in tablets and powder for preparing a solution is considered to be used for the treatment of vaginosis.

Intravaginal treatment lasts 10 days, starting on the 10th day of the cycle. If they start menstrual flow, drugs are not administered.

Normalization of vaginal microflora it will go faster, if a diet with sufficient quantity fresh, “live” fermented milk products.

Candidiasis

If at vaginal dysbiosis The predominant flora is the fungus Candida - this is thrush, the most common type of disease.

Symptoms of candidiasis are bright: strong curdled discharge, burning with itching, pain when urinating, discomfort during sexual intercourse.

Thrush can develop for many reasons: hormonal imbalances, hypothermia, unbalanced diet, specific treatment(immunosuppressants, chemotherapy drugs). But most often it becomes a consequence of treatment with antibiotics.

There are enough tools and techniques in gynecology, but restoring microflora after thrush is a rather difficult task for two reasons. First: vaginal candidiasis often recurs. Second: women self-medicating, ignorance and wrong choice The drugs only make the situation worse.

How to restore microflora after thrush correctly:

Normalize the functioning of the immune system.
Eliminate local manifestations.
To prevent relapses, use systemic therapy.

Candida fungus is one of the many representatives normal microflora person. Therefore, the task of treatment is not to kill, but to limit and control its reproduction.

Treatment of candidiasis

The restorative course of treatment includes local drugs(candles), systemic medicines(tablets, capsules). After severe candidiasis, injectable drugs are indicated.

How to restore flora after thrush:

Antifungal therapy with drugs based on clotrimazole (Canesten), iconazole (Ginotragen), miconazole (Klion-D).
Antimicrobial therapy with drugs containing natamycin, nystatin, levorin.

After treatment of thrush, suppositories, vaginal tablets, ointments and local solutions are indicated to restore the microflora.

The local remedy should be used regularly, 1-2 times a day and for at least two weeks.

Each of local funds has its own characteristics:

Livarol is effective for primary candidiasis. Quickly eliminates symptoms, with a minimum of contraindications and side effects.
Ketoconazole is indicated for all types of fungal infections. Calls a whole series adverse reactions.
Nystatin is indicated for chronic form candidiasis. With a minimum of side effects, does not suppress healthy microflora.
Ginesol is used as a preventive and anti-relapse drug.
Betadine has a wide spectrum of action: candidiasis, vaginal infections. Used for preoperative and postoperative obstetric treatment. The drug is approved for treatment during menstruation.
Pimafucin is one of the few drugs that is approved during pregnancy and does not cause complications or adverse reactions.

So that drug treatment gives good result and the microflora of the mucous membranes has been restored, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the influence of a number of factors: abandon bad habits, reasonable and medical prescription apply antibacterial and hormonal drugs, eat rationally, strictly observe hygiene.

Only if all conditions are met, treatment of dysbiosis will give a positive result and prevent relapse.

Violation of the vaginal microflora has bothered every woman at least once in her life. Girls who have never been sexually active also face this disease. The disease is asymptomatic, but can cause severe severe consequences accompanied by an inflammatory process. Gynecologists call the pathology dysbiosis or dysbacteriosis.

What is dysbiosis?

Dysbiosis is defined as a violation of the microflora of the vaginal environment. If left untreated, the disease will progress, causing a number of the most negative consequences.

Violation of the vaginal microflora does not manifest itself in any way at the first stage. They change only in minor degree discharge. IN in good condition women do not have them, and if they do, they are in small quantities. With a healthy microflora, there are no stings, pain, odor, burning sensation, dryness during sexual intercourse or discomfort.

An unpleasant odor and an increase in quantity indicate the presence of a pathology such as a violation of the vaginal microflora. Why is this happening? This will be discussed further.

Normal microflora consists of 90% lactobacilli and 9% bifidobacteria. The remaining 1% are those that rarely provoke any disease. A woman’s body easily tolerates minor changes, especially when good immunity. At serious violations, where the number decreases and the percentage of opportunistic microorganisms increases, reproductive system may fail. As a result, harmful bacteria such as fungus, gardnerella, streptococcus, proteus, coli, chlamydia, etc. Vaginal dysbiosis occurs and, as a consequence, inflammatory process. Immune system continues to fight pathogenic bacteria, but in the absence of treatment, the body’s protective functions no longer provide the desired effect.

The most common types of disease include:

bacterial vaginosis;
candidiasis;
thrush

If dysbiosis occurs in hidden form, That severe symptoms rarely observed. Without tests and a doctor’s examination, it can be difficult to recognize a disease in this form. Therefore, women are recommended to visit a gynecologist twice a year.

Causes of vaginal microflora disturbances

There are many factors influencing the appearance of dysbiosis:

Single and constant hypothermia, which reduces immunity and contributes to the development of dysbacteriosis.
Changes in hormonal levels. Unsystematic sexual life, menopause, pregnancy, childbirth, abortion, violation menstrual cycle etc.
Change of climatic zones.
Stressful situations.
Chaotic sex life. Frequent change sexual partners. Ignoring contraceptive methods.
Inflammatory and pelvic.
Infections acquired after sexual intercourse.
Long-term treatment with antibiotics.
Intestinal diseases.
Improper insertion and use of menstrual tampons.

All these and other reasons cause disruption of the vaginal microflora.

Symptoms of the disease

The symptoms of the disease will help to recognize a violation of the vaginal microflora in time. Although in many cases, especially on initial stage diseases, they are simply absent. If bacteriosis begins to progress, the following may occur:

white and yellow discharge;
unpleasant odor;
discomfort in the genital area;
dryness during sex;
burning, itching and pain in the genital area.

These are the main signs of a violation of the vaginal microflora. If dysbiosis is not treated, endometritis, inflammation of the appendages, cervix or vaginal walls may occur. If infectious process affected genitourinary organs And urethra, then, as a rule, cystitis or urethritis develops.

Disorders of the vaginal microflora during pregnancy and after childbirth

Pregnancy and hormonal changes can trigger acute stage vaginal dysbiosis. During pregnancy, the symptoms of the disease worsen. There is an abundance of discharge, an unpleasant odor, itching and burning in the genital area are disturbing, painful sensations during sex.

Many drugs are contraindicated for women during pregnancy, therefore full treatment It is not possible to do this here. All actions are aimed only at temporary elimination of symptoms, and necessary treatment with antibiotics is carried out after delivery.

A microflora disorder may occur. How to treat a patient in this situation? This issue can only be decided by a doctor. Often, young mothers are diagnosed with thrush, which is caused by yeast. This process is influenced by hormonal changes body, as well as a number of medications that the woman giving birth was forced to take.

In this case, therapy is carried out antifungal agents in combination with probiotics, which in a positive way influence the microflora of the vagina and prevent the secondary appearance of the disease.

Vaginal dysbiosis and sexual partner

Often, an imbalance in the vaginal microflora does not affect sex life women and does not cause sexual partner special problems. The exception is the advanced stage of dysbiosis. In this case, the man may develop signs of balanoposthitis or nonspecific urethritis, and then only if a representative of the stronger sex has a predisposition to the disease.

As a rule, diseases of the sexual partner do not affect the woman’s vaginal environment; of course, we are not talking about sexually transmitted diseases.

Treatment of vaginal dysbiosis is carried out only in women, without the involvement of a partner, unless the pathology is caused by a sexually transmitted infection.

If STDs occur, they are accompanied by severe dysbiosis. Cause an imbalance in the vaginal environment. They provoke the appearance of an inflammatory process and disrupt the microflora of the vagina. However, there are no situations where the causative agent is only a sexually transmitted infection. The disease is always accompanied by negative changes in the body. This should be taken into account in the fight against the disease. Here, taking antibiotics alone is unlikely to help, since it will not restore normal level microflora.

The course of treatment should always end with pribiotics that restore the vaginal environment. Serious problems caused by chlamydia and trichomonas are solved by antibacterial therapy, after which it is necessary to restore the microflora. These courses must be divided and taken one after the other.

In situations where the disease has light form, it is necessary to conduct urogenital diagnostics. And the necessary background can be restored simultaneously with the elimination of sexually transmitted infections.

Dysbacteriosis in girls

Violation of the vaginal microflora occurs even in girls who have never had sexual intercourse. Here the most influential various factors. These include hormonal changes in the body during puberty, the structural features of the hymen, non-compliance with hygiene rules (including improper washing of the genitals), and the use of antibiotics and other drugs. The reasons in this case are similar to the factors that contribute to the development of dysbiosis in women who are sexually active. But there are also nuances.

Unlike women, girls are rarely observed copious discharge, since the hymen does not allow them to come out of the vagina in full. A certain part of them accumulates in the pelvis, which causes an inflammatory process. Also, at the beginning of the development of sexual activity in girls, a lot of bacteria enter the urethra from the vagina, which can cause “honeymoon cystitis.”

Therapy for dysbiosis in virgins is quite complicated, since the hymen does not allow for thorough treatment of the vagina. In some cases, even a hymenectomy is indicated, in which the hymen is broken.

Development of dysbiosis and intestinal environment

Often, some diseases of the stomach and intestines lead to disruption of the microflora both in the intestinal walls and in the vagina.

The rectum is in close contact with the vaginal cavity, as a result, bacteria easily pass through the walls of the organs. When intestinal dysbiosis develops and progresses, bacteria (Escherichia coli, enterococci, etc.) that cause this disease easily penetrate the walls of the vagina, where they also disturb the background. What to do in such a situation? Of course, contact a specialist, in no case resorting to “amateur” and the help of folk remedies.

Treatment of vaginal microflora disorders in this case is a complex process, since the likelihood of a new infection is quite high. Here simultaneous therapy of both the vagina and intestines should be carried out. This is the most severe form of dysbiosis.

Diagnosis of dysbacteriosis

In order for treatment to produce results, the disease must be correctly diagnosed. First of all, it is carried out gynecological examination patients. Then tests are prescribed. Typically this is:

PCR diagnostics, which allows you to verify the absence or presence of sexually transmitted infections;
a smear on the flora, indicating the state of the vaginal microflora;
culture of vaginal discharge;
The patient's sensitivity to antibiotics is determined.

Data received laboratory research allow us to establish the cause of the disease and the degree of its complexity.

Treatment of dysbiosis

Therapeutic measures to restore vaginal microflora are divided into several stages:

Destruction pathogenic bacteria which caused this disease.
Restoration of vaginal microflora.
Boosting immunity.

If dysbiosis occurs due to sexually transmitted infections, then the causative agent of the disease is first eliminated by prescribing a course of antibiotics. If a violation of the vaginal microflora is caused by another reason, then antibiotics may not be used. And if such therapy is prescribed, it is for a period of no more than five days.

It is very important to carry out external procedures in case of dysbiosis. These are various baths and tampons. Such measures inhibit the development of pathogenic microorganisms and restore immunity. Treatment of vaginal microflora disorders with antiseptics - in this case they are used topically - is much more more effective than antibiotics, and their zone of influence is much wider. Almost all bacteria are susceptible to their influence. More antiseptics help develop the immunity of the vaginal walls and normalize its microflora. Inhibits the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria.

An advanced form of dysbiosis is difficult to cure with immunomodulatory therapy alone; in addition, antibiotics are almost always prescribed.

Drugs for the treatment of dysbiosis

Violation of the vaginal microflora (drugs are usually prescribed in the form of ointments, suppositories, vaginal tablets and creams) - enough complex disease, which often requires an integrated approach.

Often, Dalatsin cream is used to treat dysbiosis, which is an antibiotic with wide range actions. Active ingredient- clindamycin phosphate 2%. It has an intense effect on vaginal microflora. Dalatsin suppositories also effectively restore the background in case of such pathologies as a violation of the vaginal microflora. They contain up to 100 mg of antibiotic.

Flagyl suppositories provide good results for vaginal dysbiosis. The drug is used once a day, at night. Also, to treat the disease, doctors recommend using Hexicon - these are suppositories with chlorhexidine. They are inserted into the vaginal cavity once a day. Course - 10 days.

To treat vaginal dysbiosis, many today choose Betadine and Terzhinan suppositories. Good effect Metronidazole gel also gives.

If the disease is advanced, and only with drugs local action If it cannot be avoided, then tablets are prescribed for oral administration. This:

"Ornidazole".
"Naxojin."
"Meratin".
"Tiberal".
"Tinidazole."
"Trichopol" or "Metronidazole".
"Clindamycin."

Medicines are taken for a week. It should be remembered that when using oral medications alcohol consumption is prohibited. This is especially true for Trichopolum.

In combination with other medications to normalize the microflora, the following are prescribed: “Linex”, “Probifor”, “Bifidumbacterin”, “Bifiform”, “Bifidin” or “Bifiliz”. To increase the number of lactobacilli in the vaginal environment, "Acilact", "Lactobacterin", "Acepol", etc. are prescribed. It is recommended to take the medicine in a course, starting from the second day of administration antibacterial agents. They also prescribe drugs to maintain immunity - “Immunal”, “Cycloferon”, etc.

If the cause of microflora disturbance is sexual intercourse, then the sexual partner should also be examined and treated.

About preventive measures

Treatment of dysbiosis can take up to four weeks. In some cases, it is difficult to prevent this disease, since the real reason, which caused the disease is difficult to determine. The only thing a woman can do is strengthen her immune system and observe necessary rules hygiene.

After restoring the vaginal microflora, you should visit a gynecologist every three months for a year. This is necessary in order to detect a relapse in time and take appropriate measures. In the future, under normal circumstances, you can see a doctor once a year.