Main Botanical Garden named after. N.V.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin went down in history as a Soviet botanist, geneticist and breeder.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin was born on December 18, 1898 in the city of Saratov. He came from a poor peasant family; as a teenager he worked at a factory in Saratov. Having lost his father that same year, the family moved to Saratov, where Kolya, due to his difficult financial situation, was sent to an orphanage by his mother. He stayed there until 1912 and received his primary education, and then, to earn a living, he mastered many professions.
During the Civil War, Tsitsin joined the Red Army and soon became a military commissar, and from 1920 he was the head of the cultural department and a member of the provincial communications committee in Saratov. It was then that he continued his education - first he studied at the workers' faculty, and then entered the agronomy department of the Saratov Institute of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, which he graduated in 1927 and got a job at the Saratov Agricultural Experimental Station at the All-Union Institute of Grain Farming.
Communication with such outstanding breeders as N.G. Meister, A.P. Shekhurdin, P.N. Konstantinov determined the further direction of the young scientist’s work. From the very beginning, he was interested in the problem of creating more productive varieties of the main food crop - wheat - based on distant hybridization. Working as an agronomist at one of the departments of the grain state farm "Giant" in the Salsky district of the Rostov region, Tsitsin crossed wheat with wheatgrass and for the first time obtained a wheat-wheatgrass hybrid, which was the beginning of his work in this direction. He widely involved in crossing wild and cultivated plants that had gone through independent evolutionary paths that determined their genetic isolation. Research conducted by scientists in this direction has made it possible to create new plant varieties.
Under the leadership of N.V. Tsitsin, all landscape and construction work for the development of VSKhV-VDNKh and GBS took place. He was the initiator of organizing expeditions around the country to collect plants for the botanical garden. Since 1947, Tsitsin collected a scientific library, which already in 1952 contained 55 thousand books, including rare copies of the 16th-19th centuries in Russian and foreign languages. Since 1948, Tsitsin began publishing the “Bulletin of the Main Botanical Garden”. Of the 200 newsletters issued from 1 to 120, he was the responsible editor. Under his leadership, an arboretum, one of the largest in Europe, was created on 75 hectares. During its existence, 2,500 species of woody plants were tested there. Of these, 1,800 were selected as completely sustainable, and of these, in turn, about 600 were recommended for landscaping in Moscow.
In 1952, on the initiative of N.V. Tsitsin, a network of botanical gardens of the USSR was created, and the Main Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences became a kind of national coordinating and methodological center. The same year the greenhouse opened. By 1953, Tsitsin had completely completed the exhibition of the flora department, and by 1954, on the day of the second birth of VSKhV-VDNKh, the garden of continuous flowering, the garden of coastal plants and the collection rose garden were finally completed. In the village of Snegiri, Istrinsky district, Moscow region, Tsitsin organized an experimental garden farming on almost 1.5 thousand hectares.
On July 28, 1959, the Botanical Garden was opened to visitors. By the 70s, all the main exhibitions of the garden were finally completed, and collection areas of geographical landscapes were created in the flora department. The garden under the leadership of N.V. Tsitsin became one of the largest in Europe. His collections included more than 20 thousand plant taxa (about 17 thousand were exhibited).

Delegate to the XX Congress of the CPSU. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st, 3rd and 4th convocations.
N.V. Tsitsin is an honorary foreign member of 8 foreign academies. He was president, chairman, and member of a number of domestic and foreign scientific organizations. President (1958-1970) and vice-president (since 1970) of the Soviet-Indian Society for Friendship and Cultural Relations.
N.V. Tsitsin had the academic degree of Doctor of Agricultural Sciences (1936), the academic title of Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), Academician of the All-Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (1938).
N.V. Tsitsin Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1968, 1978), awarded 7 Orders of Lenin (1935, 08.1945, 09.1945, 1953, 1968, 1975, 1978), Orders of the October Revolution (1973), Red Banner of Labor (1939), medals , gold medal named after I.V. Michurin, French Order of Merit in the Field of Agriculture (1959). Laureate of the Lenin (1978) and State (1943) prizes of the USSR.
More than 700 scientific works have been published, including 46 books and brochures. Has 8 copyright certificates for inventions. Many works have been published abroad.
Lived in Moscow. Died July 17, 1980. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.

The Main Botanical Garden is a museum of living nature, a treasure trove of unique plants. The botanical garden contains a huge collection of plants from all over the world. Here you can see rare plants that are no longer found in the wild. GBS is the largest botanical garden in Europe. It covers an area of ​​331.5 hectares.

April 14, 1945 is the date of foundation of the Main Botanical Garden. An outstanding scientist - botanist, geneticist and breeder Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin made a great contribution to the construction, development and formation. He was the director of the garden for 35 years. On December 2, 1991, the Main Botanical Garden was named after N.V. Tsitsin.

In spring and summer the garden blooms. At every step there are flowering bushes and trees.

I started my walk through the garden from the Vladykino metro station. Literally 3 minutes from the metro there is a small gate. I went through it. Since the territory is very large, and it’s simply not possible to explore everything in one day, I decided to take a right and go parallel to Botanicheskaya Street (see diagram).

At first it seems that you are in an ordinary forest park. The first feeling is that everything here has grown on its own, but this is only at first glance. Only later do you begin to understand that such naturalness is the result of the painstaking work of the garden’s staff. Conventionally, the garden is divided into six geographical zones: “European part of Russia”, “Caucasus”, “Central Asia”, “Siberia”, “Far East” and “Useful plants of natural flora”.

Not far from the entrance is the Laboratory building.

In front of the Laboratory building there is a large area with well-groomed lawns.

Beautiful glade

There is an observation deck on the shore of the pond in front of the Laboratory Building. Here, on their wedding day, newlyweds hang locks for good luck.

They say that it is especially beautiful here in the spring, when the rhododendrons bloom, and in the fall, when the heather blooms.

The road leads through an area of ​​natural forest.

There are a lot of such feeders throughout the botanical garden.

Interesting pine.

On the way I went to the New Stock Greenhouse. This huge building is currently closed to visitors. It is planned to open for the 70th anniversary of the Main Botanical Garden in 2015. Through the glass you can see that many plants have already found their new home here.

The area around the greenhouse is beautifully decorated: nice paths, a fountain, flower beds.

Beautiful bright flowers in flower beds.

The peonies have already faded, and these are the libelias blooming.

And so, it seems, mint is blooming.

Next to the New Greenhouse there is an exhibition of floral and ornamental plants. This is a large fenced area. To enter here, you need to buy a ticket at the box office. The ticket office is next to the entrance to the exhibition.

There is a huge collection of perennials here: peonies, irises, daffodils and many other plants. I'm lucky. I came here during the lily blossom season.

I have never seen so many different shapes, sizes, and colors of lilies. It's amazing!

In addition to lilies, there are a lot of other very beautiful flowers on display.

Sunny bouquet.

Bright and very large rudbeckia.

A plant with an unusual delicate aroma.

It doesn't bloom, but it's also beautiful.

White Astilbe

Some kind of exotic

Cheerful daisies of different colors

Plants for alpine slides

Next to the exhibition of floral and ornamental plants is the Stock Greenhouse. It offers excursions for which you must register in advance.

The rose garden covers an area of ​​2.5 hectares. More than 270 types of roses are collected here. More than 6,000 bushes were planted.

The rose garden is framed by ancient oak trees. They protect delicate flowers from wind and frost in winter.

The magnificent delicate aroma of roses spreads throughout all the alleys of the garden.

Each rose is good in its own way.

Some roses are already fading, while others are just beginning to bloom.

Extraordinary beauty!

The rose garden area is beautifully decorated.

It's good to sit on a bench and enjoy the intoxicating aroma of the Queen of Flowers - the rose.

Here she is - the Queen of Roses.

The century-old oak is beautiful.

A small overgrown pond.

Behind it there is a view of a large pond.

Swimming in the pond and fishing is prohibited. You can only admire the beauty of nature.

Coastal plants are reflected in the water mirror.

The “Garden of Continuous Flowering” begins next to the pond.

I heard a delicate aroma.

Yes, it's jasmine!

Lots of lilacs. It must be very beautiful here in the spring.

There are resting people under every tree.

There are many holidaymakers on Sunday. As in all Moscow parks, there are many cyclists.

Weeping willow on the shore of a pond.

The Ostankino Tower is very close.

Just beautiful carved leaves.

Finally, I got to the rare multi-stemmed Manchurian nut. Here he is in the clearing.

The look is exotic.

The nut is already ripe. Reminds me of a walnut.

There is always someone sitting, hanging, crawling on its branches...

I was a little taken in by the “Natural Flora” plant exposition.

In the Garden of Continuous Bloom, something is always blooming.

On the site of the Ostankino estate (originally Ostashkovo) 400 years ago there were dense forests in which a few villages were scattered. In these places, the royal rangers hunted moose and bears. The first written mention of the village and its owner dates back to 1558, when Ivan the Terrible granted land to the serviceman Alexei Satin, who was executed by him during the oprichine years. The famous diplomat, clerk of the embassy department Vasily Shchelkanov was appointed the new owner of the estate. Under him, a boyar's house and a wooden Trinity Church were rebuilt in Ostankino, a large pond was dug, and an oak grove was planted. After the time of troubles, the devastated estate was restored by new owners - the princes of Cherkasy, who built a stone Trinity Church on the site of a burnt wooden church, which has survived to this day.

Since 1743 Ostankino has been associated with the Sheremetevs. This year, Count Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev married Princess Varvara Alekseevna of Cherkassy, ​​who received 24 estates as a dowry, among them Ostankino. Later, their son, an enlightened man, a zealous owner, Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev, becomes the owner of the Ostankino oak grove, rich in birds and game. He prohibited hunting, logging, grazing, picking mushrooms, berries and nuts in the oak grove, and wrote to his manager: “Do not allow revelers in the grove, especially shooters and mushroom pickers.”

In 1861, after the abolition of serfdom, many peasants near Moscow abandoned their plots and went to work in Moscow. At the end of the 19th century, the care of forest plantations deteriorated, and later the sale of land for plots for summer cottages began, then a significant part of the forest was cut down, unregulated grazing of livestock, and the destruction of birds and game began. After 1917, a law was passed banning the logging of indigenous forests in the forest park belt of Moscow, which was strictly followed even during the war, which made it possible to preserve the Ostankino oak grove until 1945 and later.

The central part of the Main Botanical Garden is a unique protected area with an area of ​​50 hectares. Free access here is closed, logging has been completely stopped. This is a well-preserved oak forest with regal oaks, the average age of which is 150-170 years, although older specimens are also found - up to 200-300 years. Occasionally there are isolated birch, linden, spruce, aspen, maple and rowan trees. Under the canopy of trees there are dense thickets of hazel, honeysuckle, buckthorn, and euonymus. Below is a green carpet of herbs: delicate anemone, bluish-pink lungwort, evergreen green grass, fragrant lily of the valley, graceful chickweed, strict hairy sedge. All these plants are typical elements of a natural oak forest. They owe their lush development to the protected status of the oak grove. This mode allows you to conduct an environmental experiment - an analysis of the life of a forest in the center of a huge city. Now the reserved oak grove can rightfully be considered the standard of a typical Central Russian broad-leaved forest.

All exhibitions and collections of the Garden fit into natural forest plantations with oak and birch forests. There are birch forests with various herbs, where creeping tenacious grow ( Ajuga reptans), cuff ordinary ( Alchemilla vulgaris), lily of the valley ( Convallaria majalis), spring clear ( Ficaria verna), chickweed ( Stellaria Holostea), dog violet ( Viola canina). In summer, typical meadow grasses appear here: orchard grass ( Dactylis glomerata), thin bentgrass ( Agrostis tenuis), meadow foxtail ( Alopecurus pratensis), timothy grass ( Phleum pratense), sweet-smelling spikelet ( Anthoxanthum odoratum), shaking medium ( Briza media), bluegrass ( Poa nemoralis), red fescue ( Festuca rubra) etc. At the height of summer, the grass stand of the birch forest is colored with white cornflower ( Leucanthemum vulgare) , purple flowers of marsh geranium ( Geranium palustre) and forest geranium (G. silvaticum); pharmacy drop caps ( Betonica officinalis), cornflower Phrygian ( Centaurea phrygia); Umbrella hawksbill ( Hieracium umbellatum) and hairy hawksbill ( Hieracium pilosella), St. John's wort ( Hypericum perforatum) and etc.

Walking through the birch forest along the alley towards the Stock Greenhouse, you can see Scots pine in the forest ( Pinus sylvestris) - usually these are the remains of plantings near former dachas. At the Stock Greenhouse you can turn left and follow the clearing deep into the forest towards VDNKh. Then you find yourself in the world of broad-leaved forest in the Ostankino oak grove, which existed on the spurs of the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge 850 years ago. The oak grove is represented by a disturbed herbaceous oak grove; disturbed - sedge and sedge-sedge; as well as native oak forests - Zelenchukova and Medunitseva. May is the most cheerful and spectacular month in the life of the Ostankino oak grove and Garden, when shrubs and trees bloom, nightingales sing, the air is full of indescribable forest aromas, and it is difficult to imagine that all this is happening in a large metropolis, in Moscow.

The modern Botanical Garden covers an area of ​​more than 331 hectares. Its unique collection funds include more than 18 thousand species and varieties of plants. In 1991, the Main Botanical Garden was named after Academician Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin (1898-1980), an outstanding botanist, geneticist and breeder, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, who led the Garden from its founding for 35 years.

When creating the Garden in 1945, one of the most important tasks was the arrangement of open and closed ground expositions in order to more fully present the various elements of the plant world. To demonstrate the vegetation of the Soviet Union, a department of natural flora of the USSR was created, which had the following botanical and geographical exhibitions: the European part of the USSR, the Caucasus, Siberia, the Far East and Central Asia. In these areas, various conditions were created for plants, sand or stones were added, and slides, streams and ponds were built. All plants were planted not in plots, but in clumps, with the expectation of creating more or less natural combinations. An introduction nursery existed to test new plant species.

Modern expositions of the flora department have been partially renamed and demonstrate the vegetation of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Siberia and the Far East, as well as wild useful plants. On an area of ​​30 hectares, plants of tundra, dark-coniferous, light-coniferous, coniferous-deciduous forests, meadows, steppes and deserts are represented. When creating these collections, from the first years of the Garden’s organization, the widespread use of plants from nature began. Every year, starting from 1946, expeditionary teams were sent to various botanical and geographical regions: Siberia, the Far East, the mountainous regions of Central Asia and the Caucasus. The hands of several generations of employees of the State Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences created perennial plantings with tree canopy, undergrowth and grass cover. Over 70 years, the Department of Natural Flora has tested more than 5.7 thousand species of plants. Particular attention was paid to the collection and cultivation of rare and endangered species. Throughout the years of the Garden’s existence, the floristic composition of the exhibitions and the age of tree and herbaceous species have noticeably changed. The maximum diversity of plants was noted in 1990, when the collections of the flora department included almost 3 thousand species. Unfortunately, at present only half of this diversity remains. All exhibitions are open to the public and are a recreational area for the public. You can get acquainted with the plants of the natural flora from early spring to late autumn.

It was created in the early 1950s and occupies an area of ​​0.7 hectares. All herbaceous perennials are planted in free-form clumps. In addition, there are trees and several groups of shrubs. When arranging this exposition, V.N. Voroshilov developed a convenient and very logical classification of useful plants into sections depending on the area of ​​application. The first section is medicinal, insecticidal and essential oil plants that have a physiological effect on the functions of the human and animal body or have toxic properties. The second section presents technical plants, including dyeing, tanning and fiber plants, which were previously used or are now used in various industries. The third section includes melliferous and forage plants that serve as food for domestic animals: hay, pasture, and silage. The fourth section - food plants - includes species that serve to support the vital functions of the human body - spicy, flavoring, infusion, tea and vitamin.

Flora exposition of Eastern Europe occupies an area of ​​5.7 hectares. Her collection includes about 300 species of plants, including 20 species of trees, ~30 species of shrubs and > 200 species of herbaceous plants, some of which were brought from the Carpathians.

Exposition of plants of Central Asia with an area of ​​~ 1.6 hectares - the oldest in the flora department, because it was originally laid out in the late 1930s by M.V. Kultiasov on the territory of the Moscow Botanical Garden of the USSR Academy of Sciences on Vorobyovy Gory. In 1946, this collection was moved to the flora department (in Ostankino), but it opened to visitors in 1953. Botanical and geographical areas were created here, reflecting the main types of vegetation cover in Central Asia. The mountainous terrain is formed from tertiary clay removed during the construction of Moscow metro tunnels. This clay is close in chemical properties to Central Asian loess. In the desert area, a layer of tertiary clay was poured, which was then covered with sand and humus. In addition, plants of tugai, mountain forests (juniper forests, broad-leaved and coniferous forests), subalpine and alpine meadows, steppes and rocky slopes are represented. Over the 70 years of existence of this exposition, >1 thousand species have passed the introduction test. Currently, there are about 150 species, of which 22 species of trees, 44 species of shrubs, 67 species of perennials and 4 species of annuals, among which 29 species are rare and endangered plants. You can see all the sections of the Central Asian exposition from the top of the hill: a section of desert plants and tugai forests is clearly visible in the distance against the backdrop of the Caucasian hill, below there is a juniper forest in an open area between dirt paths, on the right under the mountain there is a spruce forest, and middle-belt shrubs grow directly and to the left of it. mountains and plants of deciduous forests.

Exposition of the flora of Siberia occupies an area of ​​4.5 hectares, where ~200 plant species from 59 families and 176 genera are collected. Among these plants, there are 18 species of trees, 33 species of shrubs, and 50 species are rare and endangered in nature.

Very interesting uhcomposition of vegetation of the Far East. It is the largest in the flora department in area (8.5 hectares) and is represented by almost 400 plant species, including many rare ones.

The GBS RAS preserves valuable collections of more than 1,700 tree and shrub species and varieties, collected in an arboretum spread over an area of ​​75 hectares. The arboretum was built as a landscape park, where plants are planted according to a systematic principle. This part of the garden is very beautiful from spring to autumn; it is also unique on winter days, when caps of white fluffy snow cover the conifers. You walk and are breathtaking from such beauty!!!

In 1994, an exhibition was created at the arboretum, where 7 species of Erica and 18 varieties of heather were brought from Germany. This corner of 350 sq. m, located near the Laboratory building, it is decorated with rhododendrons, barberries, spirea and conifers.

The exposition should be considered the pearl of the Garden and a striking example of the perfection of oriental landscape architecture "Japanese garden", developed on an area of ​​2.7 hectares in 1983-1987 with the support of the Japanese Embassy in Moscow. Wonderful cherry blossoms were brought from the island of Hokkaido to the State Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, whose blossoms annually fascinate thousands of Muscovites and guests of the capital. More than a hundred ornamental species of trees, shrubs and herbs are picturesquely placed around a pond with islands, next to gazebos and a stone pagoda built in the 18th century in Japan.

Very colorful collections of decorative and floral plants, which contain more than 5.5 thousand taxa. But the exhibition covering an area of ​​2.5 hectares is especially interesting. It has been completely restored and today demonstrates the most winter-hardy and disease-resistant varieties of roses. The department of cultivated plants in 10 areas presents more than 2 thousand varieties and forms of fruit and berry crops, essential oils and medicinal plants belonging to 700 species.

The collections of the greenhouse are priceless, including unique species of subtropical and tropical flora. In total, over 70 years, the GBS RAS has collected more than 5.7 thousand species and forms of heat-loving plants brought from Vietnam, Madagascar, Cuba, Brazil, various African countries, etc. Among them, 100 species are included in the International Red Book. Since 1955, the GBS RAS has been conducting international seed exchange with 131 botanical gardens in 30 countries. There is a Herbarium in the Garden, where invaluable scientific material is collected, so necessary for researchers of botanical science.

GBS RAS is a unique scientific institution in which scientists conduct fundamental and applied research in the field of botany and environmental protection. Outreach and educational work is carried out here, showing the richness and diversity of the flora of Russia and various regions of the Earth.

The staff and Administration of the Garden are celebrating their 70th anniversary with dignity and setting themselves new and complex tasks aimed at the prosperity of domestic science and the creation of a comfortable vacation spot for Muscovites and guests of the capital.

Vinogradova Yu.K.and etc. Plants of natural flora in the Main Botanical Garden: GBS RAS. M: GEOS, 2008. 208 p.

Trulevich N.V.and etc. Botanical and geographical expositions of plants of natural flora.. M: GEOS. 2007. 226 p.

Demidov A.S. and etc. Main Botanical Garden named after. N.V. Tsitsina - Museum of Wildlife. M.: GEOS, 2007. 64 p.

Photo: Alla Kuklina, Ekaterina Bulygina

The Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences was opened on April 14, 1945. Today it is considered the largest botanical garden in Europe.

GBS occupies an area of ​​331.49 hectares; more than 18,000 types of plants grow on its territory, which are the national treasure of Russia. The Botanical Garden is not only a unique scientific institution, it is an educational and educational center, as well as a favorite place for Muscovites to walk and a rich museum of plants.

The organization of the Botanical Garden became an important event in post-war Moscow. It “became a kind of living monument to the Great Victory,” one of the garden’s directors wrote about it.

The preliminary designs for the territory of the future garden belong to the architect I.M. Petrov, who worked on them since 1940. According to the original project, from the north the border of the garden was supposed to run along the Circular Railway, and from the south - along modern Academician Korolev Street. At the same time, capturing the territory of the entire Marfinsky complex in the west, and in the east extending to Mira Avenue. Subsequent projects limited the territory to Botanicheskaya Street in the west and Agricultural Street in the east.

The botanical garden was established in the North-East of the capital. Previously, the territory was occupied by the Ostankino forest (Erdenevskaya grove, which was part of the Ostankino oak grove), as well as the Leonovsky forest. Mostly oak, linden and maple grew here. The dominant shrubs were hazel, honeysuckle and viburnum.

In the 16th century these forest lands belonged to the princes of Cherkasy. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich loved to come here to hunt.

The Ostankino forest and the village of Ostashevo were part of the dowry that Varvara Cherkasskaya received when she married Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev. In the 18th century The new owner of the Ostankino forest, Count Nikolai Sheremetev, built the Ostankino estate, and turned part of the grove adjacent to the estate into an English park. The waters of the Kamenka River fed five ponds located on the territory of the park.

The main entrance to the park is located at the end of Botanicheskaya Street, next to the Vladykino metro station. Two snow-white towers and openwork gates offer views of the main alley of the garden. Not far from the entrance there is a cascade of three small ponds. Willows and birches are planted around the first pond. On the left side is the main building. In the lobby there is a sculpture of the goddess Flora.

The Arboretum is the largest part of the Botanical Garden. It covers an area of ​​75 hectares and was built as a landscape park. The arboretum is based on a forest of tree species familiar to our region - oak, birch, spruce and pine. Many foreign plants are planted here, which are hidden from the wind and cold by local species. The trees are planted in small groves, and species of the same plant can be visually compared.

Walking along the paths of the arboretum is like traveling around the world. Here you can find North American thuja, Far Eastern aralia, Caucasian yew and Canadian spruce.

On the right side at the end of the main alley is the so-called “Garden of Continuous Flowering”. It is laid out in a vast clearing, bounded on one side by an oak forest and on the other by Kamensky Ponds, which are the border of the botanical garden and VDNKh. A garden is a kind of living calendar of plants. Trees and shrubs alternate on it with perennial herbs. From early spring to late autumn, the garden is filled with the bright colors of flowering plants. Primroses give way to summer varieties, and golden autumn brings bright red and yellow foliage to park visitors. An unusual multi-stemmed specimen of the Manchurian walnut, slender spruce and juniper trees grow here.

In the center of the garden there is one of the most interesting ideas of the creators of the Botanical Garden: a protected oak grove, a kind of reserve within a reserve. This is the territory of the old Ostankino forest. The average age of trees exceeds 150 years, but two-hundred-year-old specimens are often found. Oaks, aspen, birch and rowan grow here. The undergrowth typical for it has also been preserved in the oak grove. The oak grove is surrounded by a fence. According to the original idea of ​​the creators of the reserve, only garden employees could enter its territory; there are almost no paths inside the oak grove. Unfortunately, poor funding does not currently allow us to maintain the purity of the experiment. The fence has simply fallen in many places, and only the lack of paths and the inaccessible appearance of the forest stops casual passers-by.

Nevertheless, such an example of untouched nature, one of the northern oak forests of central Russia within the boundaries of a huge metropolis, is a unique phenomenon in the world practice of park construction.

In 1987, the “Japanese Garden” exhibition was set up on the territory of the Botanical Garden. This most interesting exotic composition was created according to the design of the famous Japanese architect K. Nakajima. The garden combines Japanese flora and architectural elements. It's like a small island of Japan in the middle of Moscow. The territory of the garden is cut through by a network of streams and ponds, across which wooden bridges are thrown. The most beautiful time in the garden is spring, when the cherry blossoms bloom. In winter, the garden, covered with snow, is closed to the public. Traditional Japanese tea ceremonies take place in the garden.

In 1991, the Main Botanical Garden was named after Academician Nikolai Vasilyevich Tsitsin (1898-1980), an outstanding botanist, geneticist and breeder, the first director of the Garden, who led it for 35 years.

Main Botanical Garden named after. N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GBS RAS)- one of the largest botanical gardens in the world. He is deservedly loved and popular among Russians, especially among residents of the Moscow region. The richest collection of plants of the botanical garden, located on an area of ​​331.5 hectares, represents the diverse flora of our planet. In addition, the Main Botanical Garden has interesting, extensive collections and exhibitions of floral, ornamental, cultural, and ornamental woody plants. The Botanical Garden has a landscape exhibition "Japanese Garden", "Heather Garden", a rose garden, and a greenhouse. Botanical Garden named after. N.V. Tsitsina conducts extensive research work in many areas related to plants and their cultivation. It is not surprising that professionals and simply amateurs of gardening, floriculture, gardening and landscape design consider it a great success to purchase seedlings and perennials from such an authoritative scientific institution. And the Garden provides them with such an opportunity. At the Botanical Garden named after. Tsitsina is a nursery that grows and sells ornamental, fruit, berry, tree and herbaceous plants.

It is noteworthy that You can buy seedlings in the nursery of the Main Botanical Garden rare plants that are not found in regular garden centers and other nurseries. The majority of all seedlings are grown in the Garden nursery from seeds, that is, they are healthier than the same plants obtained by cuttings. When cuttings are taken from the mother plant, accumulated diseases are transmitted to new plants. Plants grown from seeds are stronger, adapted to local conditions, with a beautiful crown shape. Seedlings sold by the nursery of the Main Botanical Garden are dug up from the ridges in front of you, and this is a guarantee that your plants are grown in the climate of Moscow and the Moscow region, will take root well and adapt after transplantation, and their root system is not dried out. Consultation with an experienced nursery specialist will help you plant and grow the plant correctly.

The Main Botanical Garden also sells imported seedlings. They are often sold in containers (pots), usually fruit and berry crops. But even in this case, you can be confident in the quality of the planting material, which guarantees the status of a scientific institution. Many of the plants offered by the GBS nursery can first be seen in an adult state in the Garden’s collection when visiting it.

The range of planting material offered by the Main Botanical Garden expanded significantly in 2013. It consists of decorative tree deciduous and coniferous crops (including large ones), berries and fruits, vines, rooted roses, clematis, perennial herbaceous ornamental plants, as well as fertilizers for them. In August, the autumn sale of planting material began. Prices for seedlings are very affordable.

Main Botanical Garden named after. N.V. Tsitsina RAS offers:

Ornamental woody plants(deciduous and coniferous, trees and shrubs, lianas, various types and varieties): common and Japanese quince, actinidia, barberry, Amur and Sakhalin velvet, euonymus, privet, hawthorns, black elderberry (variegated, with golden and split leaves), weigela , Amur grapes and maiden grapes, Bessey cherry, witch hazel, hydrangeas, dogwood (dogwood), wood pliers, oak (gray, scarlet), spruce (prickly, Serbian, Siberian), honeysuckle, willow, viburnum, cotoneaster, cypress, clematis, maples , Kuril tea, Siberian larch, gooseberry, junipers, alder, tree peonies, Siberian fir, bladderwort, root roses (hybrid tea, floribunda, climbing, semi-climbing, groundcover, miniature, scrubs, nutmeg, patio), rowan, fieldfare, sakura , Amur lilac, snowberry, pine, spirea, Chinese poplar, western thuja, forsythia, mock orange and others.

Fruit and berry crops: grapes (Augustin, Kishmish No. 342, Crystal), cherries (Molodezhnaya, Morozovka, Novella, Ovstuzhenka, Kharitonovskaya), blueberries (frost-resistant varieties of different ripening periods), pear (Vernaya), gumi (Moneron variety), blackberries (Loganberry, Bestberry, Tayberry, Thornfree), honeysuckle (Moscow -23, Titmouse, Blue Bird, Start), yoshta, raspberry (Unattainable, Lilac Fog, Fairy Tale, Monomakh's Cap, Arabesque, Bryansk Miracle, Galaxy, Ruby Giant, Daughter of Hercules, Yellow Giant, Golden giant, Izobilnaya, Giant, Moscow giant), sea buckthorn (varieties), currants (red, black), cherry, apple tree (Veteran, Cherry, Zhigulevskoe, Ligol, Orlovskoe striped, Autumn striped (Shtrifel), In Memory of Vavilov, Rozhdestvennskoe, Northern Synap , Skala, Spartak, Spartan, Stroevskoye, Utes) etc.

Ornamental herbaceous perennial plants: Anaphalis daisy, Astilbe, Astrantia major, Aster (shrub, New England, New Belgian), Bergenia thick-leaved, Butterbur, Buzulnik (toothed, Fischer), Basil foliage, Yellow-leaved loosestrife, Veronica Austrian, Anemone (beautiful, Canadian), Fragrant viola, Volzhanka dioecious, Hybrid columbine, Hybrid Gaillardia, Galatella punctata, Carnation (alpine, hybrid, pinnate, chickweed), Heuchera hybrid, Heicherella hybrid, Helenium autumnalis, Heliopsis rough, Geranium (Georgian, Dalmatian, large-rhizome, flat-petaled, shadow) , Gravilat blood-red, Grossgamemia macrocapitalata, Knotweed (large-leaved, splayed), Delphinium hybrid, Dendranthema Zavadsky, Loosestrife loosestrife, Dryad Drummondi, Purple creeping tenacious, St. John's wort (large-flowered, Olympic), Goldenrod (hybrid, Canadian), Inula germanica, Iris (hybrid, low, Siberian), Hyssop officinalis, Black cohosh, Sandy cohosh, Coreopsis grandiflora, Mullein (Olympic, purple), Catnip (large-flowered, Siberian), Burnet (medicinal, thin-leaved), Meadowsweet (six-petalled, pink), Lavender angustifolia , Leucantemella solitary, Liatris spicata, Daylily (hybrid, red), Onion (giant, slimy), Chives, Oriental double poppy, Macleaia cordifolia, Miscanthus sugar-flowered, Monarda hybrid, Nivaria greatest, Penstemon bellflower, Herbaceous peony varieties (delenks) , Pink feverfew, Wormwood (Pursha, Schmidt), Purple sapling, Hybrid rhubarb "Victoria", Rudbeckia (beautiful, lanceolate), Sedum (caustic, magnificent, Spanish, reflexed), Alpine eryngium, Alpine scutellaria, Beautiful Telekia, Tellima grandiflora, Tiarella hybrid, Alpine thyme, Tradescantia virginiana, Southern reed, variegated, Alpine yarrow, Phalaris canary, Physostegia virginiana, Physostegia variegated, Phlox (paniculate, spreading, awl-shaped), Helona oblique, Hosta (plantain, varietal), Sage oak bell, grandiflora , Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea silvery