Frequently asked questions. Noticeable skin changes

Show some attention to yourself or the health of your loved one! Find out about typical signs development of various malignant tumors in the body. Early diagnosis- a faithful ally in the fight against cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, with 8.2 million cancer deaths occurring in 2012.

World Health Organization

Whatever the reasons for the development malignant neoplasms in the human body, it is extremely important to diagnose the disease at its early stage. In this article, we focus on the main symptoms that may indicate the occurrence of cancer in men.

Problems with urination

Over the years, many men “grow up” to some problems with urination:

desire to urinate more often, especially at night;
leakage, urinary incontinence, urgent need to pee;
difficulty starting to urinate, weak urine pressure.

Typically, these symptoms are caused by an increase in prostate gland. But prostate cancer should not be ruled out.

Contact your doctor to find out the cause of the discomfort. You will need to go through an unpleasant, but extremely necessary procedure finger rectal examination and take a blood test to check the level of PSA (prostate specific antigen).

Changes in the testicles

If you notice a lump, thickening or any other changes in your testicle, never put off going to the doctor until later. Unlike prostate cancer, which grows quite slowly, testicular cancer grows much faster. Sign up for medical examination, take a blood test and undergo an ultrasound of the scrotum.

Blood in urine and stool

You don't need to be a genius to understand the abnormality of the situation. Blood discharge associated with bowel movements and urination may be one of the first signs of cancer bladder, kidneys or colon. Even if you have no other complaints, contact the clinic for help. It is important to find the cause, even if it turns out to be hemorrhoids or some kind of infection.

Skin changes

Have you noticed changes in the size, shape, or color of a mole (another spot on the skin)? See your doctor as soon as you can. Dark or red growths - main feature skin cancer

Visit a dermatologist or oncologist. You may have to undergo a biopsy - diagnostic procedure by collecting a small piece of tissue for research.

Changes in lymph nodes

Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped structures that can be felt in some parts of the human body. For example, on the neck and armpits. Their increase often signals hard work body immunity. It's usually a struggle immune system with sore throat or cold. But some types of cancer can also cause swollen lymph nodes. Call your doctor for help if any swelling you find does not improve within three weeks

Swallowing problems

Most people suffer from dysphagia, a swallowing disorder, from time to time. If the problem is regular, you are losing weight or experiencing the urge to vomit, it is worth checking your throat and stomach for the presence of cancer. During the examination, the patient swallows a liquid with the addition of barium. This chemical element glows when exposed to x-rays.

Heartburn

Changing your diet, drinking alcohol, getting into stressful situation may cause a feeling of heartburn. In these cases, it is worth taking medications and correcting your diet. If the measures taken do not help, the heartburn does not go away or gets worse, you need to seek help. professional help. Cancer of the throat or stomach may occur.

Changes in the oral cavity

The risk of developing malignant tumors in the mouth increases significantly if you smoke or chew tobacco. Watch for white or red patches in your mouth or lips.

If you have the first suspicions, consult a dentist.

Weight loss

Have your pants started to require suspenders for no apparent reason? This is normal if you have taken up sports, switched to heavy physical work, improved the quality of their diet, or have been nervous for some time. Otherwise, you should be wary. “Random” loss of body weight may indirectly indicate wide range health problems. Including cancer of the pancreas, lungs and stomach. Only a detailed examination will give an accurate diagnosis.

Temperature rise

Fever itself means the body is fighting an existing infection. But an unreasonable, continuous increase in temperature may indicate leukemia and other types of blood cancer.

Changes in the breast

Only 1% of the total number of breast cancer cases occur in men, but the appearance of lumps in the breast should not be ignored. Don't take risks, get tested.

Fatigue

Cancers cause deep chronic fatigue, which will not help get rid of and month's vacation V warm regions without calls and city noise. You yourself know how to deal with exhaustion caused by daily worries, anxiety at work or ongoing holidays. If you are powerless in the fight against fatigue for a long time, consult a doctor and find the culprit for loss of strength.

Cough

A nagging cough in a non-smoker is acceptable for a month. If your cough does not go away, you are short of breath, or droplets of blood are released when you cough, you should immediately consult a doctor. Especially for those who like to “suck” soda and passive smokers. Lung cancer is extremely dangerous.

At the clinic, they will take a sputum sample from your lungs and also take a chest x-ray.

Pain

As a rule, cancer is not accompanied by painful sensations. However, pain that does not stop for a month may indicate the development of various malignant tumors. Especially in cases where the cancer has begun to spread in the body.

Depression and stomach pain

Here they are, dear ones! IN in rare cases depression along with abdominal pain can be a sign of pancreatic cancer. Should I worry? Most likely not, unless there is a similar disease in your family.

Show some attention to yourself or the health of your loved one! Learn about the typical signs of the development of various malignant tumors in the body. Early diagnosis is a faithful ally in the fight against cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, with 8.2 million cancer deaths occurring in 2012. Whatever the reasons for the development of malignant neoplasms in the human body, it is extremely important to diagnose the disease at its early stage. In this article, we focus on the main symptoms that may indicate the occurrence of cancer in men.

Problems with urination

Over the years, many men “grow up” to some problems with urination:

desire to urinate more often, especially at night;
leakage, urinary incontinence, urgent need to pee;
difficulty starting to urinate, weak urine pressure.

Typically, these symptoms are caused by an enlarged prostate gland. But prostate cancer should not be ruled out.

Contact your doctor to find out the cause of the discomfort. You will need to undergo an unpleasant but extremely necessary digital rectal examination and a blood test to check your PSA (prostate specific antigen) level.

Changes in the testicles

If you notice a lump, thickening or any other changes in your testicle, never put off going to the doctor until later. Unlike prostate cancer, which grows quite slowly, testicular cancer grows much faster. Make an appointment for a physical exam, get a blood test, and get an ultrasound of your scrotum.

Blood in urine and stool

You don't need to be a genius to understand the abnormality of the situation. Blood discharge associated with bowel movements and urination may be one of the first signs of bladder, kidney, or colon cancer. Even if you have no other complaints, contact the clinic for help. It is important to find the cause, even if it turns out to be hemorrhoids or some kind of infection.

Skin changes

Have you noticed changes in the size, shape, or color of a mole (another spot on the skin)? See your doctor as soon as you can. Dark or red growths are the main sign of skin cancer.

Visit a dermatologist or oncologist. You may need to undergo a biopsy, a diagnostic procedure whereby a small piece of tissue is removed for examination.

Changes in lymph nodes

Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped structures that can be felt in some parts of the human body. For example, on the neck and armpits. Their increase often signals increased functioning of the body's immune system. As a rule, this is the immune system fighting a sore throat or cold. But some types of cancer can also cause swollen lymph nodes. Contact your doctor for help if any swelling you find does not shrink within three weeks.

Swallowing problems

Heartburn

Changing your diet, drinking alcohol, or getting into a stressful situation can cause heartburn. In these cases, it is worth taking medications and correcting your diet. If the measures taken do not help, the heartburn does not go away or gets worse, you need to seek professional help. Cancer of the throat or stomach may occur.

Changes in the oral cavity

The risk of developing malignant tumors in the mouth increases significantly if you smoke or chew tobacco. Watch for white or red patches in your mouth or lips.

If you have the first suspicions, consult a dentist.

Weight loss

Have your pants started to require suspenders for no apparent reason? It's normal if you've taken up exercise, done heavy physical work, improved your diet, or been nervous for some time. Otherwise, you should be wary. "Random" weight loss can indirectly indicate a wide range of health problems. Including cancer of the pancreas, lungs and stomach. Only a detailed examination will give an accurate diagnosis.

Temperature rise

Fever itself means the body is fighting an existing infection. But an unreasonable, continuous increase in temperature may indicate leukemia and other types of blood cancer.

Changes in the breast

Only 1% of the total number of breast cancer cases occur in men, but the appearance of lumps in the breast should not be ignored. Don't take risks, get tested.

Fatigue

Cancer causes deep chronic fatigue, which a month-long vacation in warm regions without calls and city noise will not help get rid of. You yourself know how to deal with exhaustion caused by daily worries, anxiety at work or ongoing holidays. If you are powerless in the fight against fatigue for a long time, consult a doctor and find the culprit for loss of strength.

Cough

At the clinic, they will take a sputum sample from your lungs and also take a chest x-ray.

Pain

As a rule, cancer is not accompanied by pain. However, pain that does not stop for a month may indicate the development of various malignant tumors. Especially in cases where the cancer has begun to spread in the body.

Depression and stomach pain

Here they are, dear ones! In rare cases, depression along with abdominal pain can be a sign of pancreatic cancer. Should I worry? Most likely not, unless there is a similar disease in your family.

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Cancer is the most common cause of death these days! Despite high general awareness, some studies have shown that most women tend to ignore these common cancer symptoms!

It was estimated that in 2016 there were 1,685,210 new cancer diagnoses in the US alone, and 595,690 of those fatal. The most common types of cancer are: leukemia, prostate cancer, bronchial cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, rectal cancer, colon cancer, endometrial cancer, cancer thyroid gland, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and cutaneous melanoma.

The types of cancer that commonly affect women are skin cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer and colon cancer. Awareness of these cancer diseases and their symptoms, as well as the precautions you can take to prevent them, can help save your life. Besides, early diagnosis(cancer that is smaller and easier to treat) significantly increases the chances of survival.

A woman's body changes all the time various reasons. Women experience numerous stages of growth, but sometimes the body can take an unnatural direction. All women should know the warning signs and symptoms of cancer. U large number women have early warning symptoms of cancer. Recognizing these early warning symptoms of cancer could save your life! Therefore it is very important to be informed.

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer that women are susceptible to throughout their lives. This cancer can appear at any age, but the risk increases with age. Due to certain factors, some women are susceptible to great risk than others. Regardless, all women should be aware of this type of cancer and also be able to recognize early symptoms and know what measures need to be taken.

Here are some early cancer warning signs that women should not ignore:

· Fatigue– If you feel tired all the time and the condition does not improve, combined with other symptoms such as blood in the stool, consult your doctor immediately. Your doctor will order blood tests and ask for a complete medical history to make a diagnosis.

Unexplained weight loss– Marlene Myers, oncologist Medical Center Langone of New York University, believes that in most cases, unintentional weight loss is not a sign of cancer, but rather is often caused by thyroid problems or stress. However, sometimes it can be a sign of pancreatic cancer. It may also be a sign of lung cancer or stomach cancer. To make sure it is not cancer, see your doctor. You may have to do many tests to determine the problem, such as imaging (CT) or blood tests.

Unexplained pain– Numerous conditions can cause pain, but chronic pain symptoms that are unexplained and last a month or more may indicate brain cancer, bone cancer, or other types of cancer. Check with your doctor about any suspicious, unexplained or persistent pain.

Fever– A persistent fever that does not improve and is unexplained may indicate leukemia or some other type of blood cancer. Contact your doctor immediately and tell him the details of your medical history. You will need to undergo a complete physical examination to determine the cause.

· Heartburn– Stress, alcohol or overeating (or all three) can trigger severe heartburn. Dr. Myers recommends making changes to your diet over a week or two to see if your heartburn improves.

· Cough is without a doubt one of the most common and overlooked symptoms on this list. It is also the most diverse. There are many various reasons which can cause people to cough. In most cases, the cough is temporary and trivial. However, when the cough continues for more than a few weeks, you should be concerned. If you experience shortness of breath or pain when you cough, it may be a sign of something serious. If you start coughing up blood, it is definitely something serious. People who smoke should pay extra attention to cough because it is the most common symptom of lung cancer.

· Changes in lymph nodes– Lymph nodes are tiny, bean-shaped glands located throughout the body. Most changes in the lymph nodes are caused by common infections. However, some types of cancer, such as lymphoma and leukemia, can also cause swollen lymph nodes. Meyers says it's a good idea to see a doctor if you have a lump or lump anywhere on your body for more than a few weeks.

· Skin changes. Changes in the color, shape or size of a mole, or any other location are overall indicator skin cancer Visit your doctor for full examination and possibly a biopsy. In this case, you really can’t hesitate.

· Changes in the breast. Most breast lumps are not cancer, but you should always have them checked. Tell your doctor about changes such as wrinkling of the skin, bumps, nipple discharge, inverted nipples, shrinkage or redness of the nipple or breast skin.

· Changes in the mouth area. If you are a smoker, check for bright red or white patches on your lips or mouth. Both may indicate oral cancer. Consult your doctor or dentist for testing and treatment.

· Problems with swallowing– Sometimes problems with swallowing are not a reason to worry. However, when it happens frequently, especially in combination with vomiting or weight loss, it is worth checking for throat cancer or stomach cancer.

Bleeding mid-cycle-women have bleeding that is not part of normal bleeding monthly cycle, can be caused by many factors. In any case, let your doctor rule out endometrial cancer first. This is cancer of the lining of the uterus.

Bloating– Marlene Meyers says women are naturally bloated. However, she says if your symptoms are accompanied by bleeding or weight loss, or the condition does not improve over time, see your doctor. Chronic bloating can sometimes indicate ovarian cancer. You will have to have blood tests and also undergo pelvic examinations, possibly an ultrasound.

· Blood in the stool or urine. If you are bleeding from a part of your body that normally shouldn't bleed, call your doctor, especially if the bleeding lasts more than a day. Blood in the stool is often caused by hemorrhoids, but it can also be a sign of colon cancer. Blood in urine is usually caused by infections urinary tract, but it is also the first sign of bladder or kidney cancer, says Herbert Lepore, of New York University Langone Medical Center.

· Changes in urination. Urinary symptoms include overall change bladder function, small amounts of urine, frequent urination, blood in the urine and slow urine flow. All of these symptoms can be the result of an enlarged prostate gland in men and urinary tract infections (usually) in women.

If you have any of these symptoms, be sure to visit your doctor and get tested.

Women tend to be more attentive to their health and regularly visit an oncologist for checks. But not always. Young women tend to ignore symptoms that may indicate cancer. Here are the most known symptoms cancers that women usually do not pay attention to:

№ 1. Unexplained weight loss

Many women would be happy to lose weight without putting in any effort. But unexplained weight loss - say 5 kg per month without gain physical exercise or reducing food intake - should raise suspicions and be examined by a specialist.

№ 2 . Bloating

Bloating is so common that many women simply live with it. But this may indicate ovarian cancer. Other symptoms of ovarian cancer include abdominal pain or pelvic pain, feeling full quickly - even if you haven't eaten much - and bladder problems, such as having an urgent need to go to the toilet.

If bloating occurs almost every day and persists for more than a few weeks, you should consult your doctor.

№ 3. Breast changes

Many women regularly examine their breasts for lumps and tumors. Not finding any, they calm down and do not suspect that breast cancer can manifest itself in other symptoms. Redness and thickening of the skin on the chest may indicate a very rare but aggressive infection. If you have a rash that lasts for several weeks, or a change appearance nipples, you should consult a doctor immediately.

№ 4. Bleeding

If you have regular periods, then the occurrence of bleeding between periods cannot be ignored. It may bleed from gastrointestinal tract. Bleeding after menopause can also be a symptom of endometrial cancer. Bleeding from anus may be a sign of colorectal cancer. If such bleeding occurs, consult a doctor immediately.

№ 5. Skin changes

Most of us know that changes in moles on the body are well known. But we also have to watch for changes in skin pigmentation. Excessive blood loss from minor cuts and scrapes should also alert you.

№ 6. Difficulty swallowing

Unless you are on a diet that includes soups or other liquid foods, difficulty swallowing food may be a symptom of gastrointestinal cancer, such as the esophagus.

№ 7 . Blood in the wrong place

If you notice blood in your urine or stool, don't think it's from hemorrhoids, it could be. Blood in the toilet may actually be from the vagina if a woman is on her period, but if not, it should be tested to rule out bladder or kidney cancer.

№ 8. Gnawing abdominal pain and depression

Any woman who has abdominal pain and feelings of depression needs to be examined. Some researchers have found a link between depression and pancreatic cancer, but there is no explanation yet.

№ 9. Indigestion

Women who have been pregnant probably remember what it's like to have an upset stomach as they gain weight. But an upset stomach for no apparent reason can be a red flag. This may be an early clue to cancer of the esophagus, stomach or pharynx.

№ 10. Changes in the mouth

Smokers should be especially aware of any white patches in the mouth or white patches on the tongue. Both of them may indicate precancerous condition called leukoplakia, which can progress to oral cancer.

Ask your dentist or doctor for an examination and decide what to do next.

№ 11. Changes in lymph nodes

If you notice swelling or swelling in the lymph nodes under your armpit or in your neck - or anywhere else - this could be a warning sign. If you have lymph nodes that are gradually getting larger, see your doctor.

№ 12. Temperature

If you have high temperature symptoms that are not explained by the flu or other infection may indicate cancer. Fever most often occurs after cancer has spread from it former place, but this could also indicate early cancer blood such as leukemia and lymphoma.

№ 13. Fatigue

Fatigue is another vague symptom that may indicate cancer - as well as a variety of other problems. It may occur after growth cancerous tumor, but it can also happen at the onset of some cancers, such as leukemia or stomach cancer.

№ 14. Constant cough

Cough occurs with colds, flu, allergies, and sometimes these are side effects medicines. But very prolonged cough- defined as lasting more than three to four weeks - should not be ignored.

№ 15. Pain

As people age, they seem to complain more and more about various pains, but vague pain, when you yourself cannot say exactly what it hurts, may be the first sign of cancer. Pain that persists and the cause is not found should be urgently checked.

Research shows that women are generally more vigilant than men when it comes to... preventive examinations and cancer screenings. Women are also more likely to check and potentially dangerous symptoms. However, young women tend to ignore signs that indicate cancer. They have a prejudice that cancer is a problem for older people. And while I really want to believe this, the truth is that cancer can occur at any age.

Talk about alarming symptoms should not cause a painful reaction in patients, oncologists say. No one should think that it is necessary to monitor every, even the most insignificant, change in the body.

Keeping a healthy balance in our heads between denial and hypochondria, we asked oncologists about the signs that, upon noticing, women should not panic and suspect that they have cancer.

#1: Unexplained Weight Loss

Many women dream of losing weight without special efforts. But unexplained weight loss—for example, 5 pounds a month without increasing exercise or eating less—should be checked.

Oncologists believe that cancer is the cause unexplained loss weight until proven otherwise. Of course, this could be a consequence of another condition, such as an overactive thyroid gland, which is also a serious syndrome.

Therefore, your doctor may order a hormone test and possibly computed tomography different organs. To make a diagnosis, it will be necessary to examine everything probable reasons, one after another.

No. 2. Bloating

This is such a common problem that many women do not pay any attention to it. However, this condition may indicate ovarian cancer. Other symptoms of this cancer include pain in the abdomen or pelvis, early feeling of fullness and problems urinating.

If bloating bothers you almost every day for several weeks, you should consult your doctor. The doctor will carefully question you about the course of the disease and prescribe, in particular, a computed tomography scan and a blood test.

#3: Breast changes

Most women are aware of the condition of their breasts, even if they do not perform special self-examinations, and, as a rule, feel if lumps appear. But this is not the only symptom that indicates breast cancer. Redness and thickening of the breast skin, for example, may indicate a very rare but aggressive form of breast cancer - inflammatory cancer– and must be verified. If you notice a rash that persists for several weeks, you should see a doctor.

If the appearance of your nipple changes or you notice discharge (and you are not breastfeeding), see your doctor. If this continues for some time, there is cause for concern. Also, if your nipples are flat to begin with, it's no big deal. But a change in their appearance can be a worrying symptom.

In this case, the doctor will carefully examine the breasts and order tests such as a mammogram, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and possibly a biopsy.

#4: Bleeding between periods or other unusual bleeding

Women before menopause often ignore bleeding between periods, oncologists say. They also ignore bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, mistaking it for menstruation. But bleeding between periods, especially if it usually happens regularly, needs to be checked as it could be a symptom of endometrial cancer. Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract may be a sign of colon cancer.

Pay attention to what is normal for you, oncologists say. If a woman has never had discharge in the middle of her cycle, and suddenly it appears, this is not normal.

Endometrial cancer is a common type of gynecological cancer. At least three quarters of people with this diagnosis had a history of abnormal bleeding as an early sign.

Depending on the duration of bleeding and other symptoms, your doctor may prescribe ultrasound examination or biopsy.

No. 5. Changes

Most of us pay close attention to changes in moles, a well-known sign of skin cancer. It is also necessary to carefully monitor changes in skin pigmentation. If you notice any blood on your skin or excessive peeling, make an appointment with your doctor. It's hard to say how long it takes for skin changes to warrant a visit to the doctor, but most experts agree: you shouldn't do nothing for more than a few weeks.

#6: Difficulty swallowing

If you're having difficulty swallowing, you may have already changed your diet so that chewing isn't a problem, such as switching to soups or liquid foods like protein shakes.

But these difficulties may be a sign of gastrointestinal cancer, such as esophageal cancer.

Your doctor will likely order tests such as X-ray examination breast or gastrointestinal tract examination.

No. 7. Blood is in the wrong place

If you notice blood in your urine or intestinal secretions, do not immediately suspect hemorrhoids. This may be a sign of colon cancer.

Your doctor will ask various questions and may prescribe tests, for example, a colonoscopy - checking the intestines for cancer.

Blood in the urine can indeed be a result of menstruation, but tests should still be done to rule out bladder or kidney cancer.

Symptoms such as coughing up blood should also be reported to your doctor. One instance of abnormal bleeding may not mean anything, but if it happens more than once, you should make an appointment with your doctor.

No. 8. Constant It's a dull pain in the stomach and depression

Every woman experiencing abdominal pain and depression needs to get tested. Some researchers have found a link between and pancreatic cancer, but this link is poorly proven.

No. 9. Digestive disorders

Indigestion without apparent reason– another red flag. This may be an early warning sign of cancer of the esophagus, stomach or throat.

During your examination, your doctor will ask you about your history of symptoms and questions about indigestion before ordering any tests.

No. 10. Changes in the mouth

Smokers should be especially aware of any white streaks in the mouth or white spots on the tongue. Both of these signs may indicate a precancerous condition called leukoplakia, which can develop into oral cancer.

Contact your dentist or doctor to look at these signs and decide what to do next.

No. 11. Pain

As people age, they tend to complain more often of various pains. But this broad concept like pain, maybe early sign some types of cancer, although most complaints of pain are not due to cancer.

It is necessary to check any constant unexplained pain. Most likely, your doctor will take a careful history and, based on this information, decide what needs to be checked.

No. 12. Changes in lymph nodes

Lumps or thickening in the lymph nodes in the armpits or neck may be a cause for concern.

If you see that lymph node gradually increases over a month or longer, consult a doctor. The doctor will examine you and check you possible reasons, which can affect the enlargement of lymph nodes.

If no cause is found, doctors usually order a biopsy.

No. 13. Heat

If you have a fever that is not due to the flu or other infection, this symptom may indicate early forms blood cancers, such as leukemia or lymphoma.

Other symptoms of cancer may include jaundice or change in stool color.

The doctor will conduct a thorough examination, record a history of symptoms, and order tests such as a chest x-ray, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, or others.

No. 14. Fatigue

Fatigue is another vague symptom that may indicate cancer or other problems. Unexplained fatigue—if you feel exhausted despite not doing any activity—can begin after the cancer has progressed and also during early stages certain types of cancer, such as leukemia or certain types of colorectal or stomach cancer.

No. 15. Permanent

Cough often occurs along with colds, flu, allergies, and sometimes is side effect medicines. But a persistent cough—one that lasts more than three or four weeks—cannot be ignored.

In this case, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor will check your throat, lung function, and may order X-rays, especially if you smoke.

Take care of yourself and be beautiful!