Suprastin dosage for children 11 years old. Suprastin tablets: instructions for use

Due to the massive use of various complex chemicals used in everyday life, cosmetology, production and the food industry, the child’s body begins to become allergenic even in the prenatal period.

As a result, the baby is born with exudative-catarrhal diathesis. This is a condition in which an inadequate response of some of its tissues to pathological and even physiological stimuli develops. So, with seemingly ordinary inflammation, excessive production of tissue fluid occurs and an allergy occurs.

Today we will talk about one of the antihistamines Suprastin, prescribed to children even before the age of 1 year.

Effect of antihistamines against allergies

Bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock... these pathological conditions are associated with the release of biologically active substances from certain blood cells and the simultaneous increased sensitivity of the corresponding receptors of tissue structures to them. Histamine alone can cause a whole storm:

dilate small vessels;
increase their permeability with the release of the liquid part of the blood into the intercellular space;
cause contraction of smooth muscles located in almost every internal organ;
stimulate pain receptors.

Other blood cells try to save the body from the action of histamine by catching it and destroying the biogenic amine. But often this is not enough, therefore, defenders need help. And the easiest thing doctors can do is to block histamine receptors with something else.

The medicine is available in two forms: tablets and injections. In both cases, the main active ingredient is chloropyramine hydrochloride.

In tablets Several auxiliary substances are mixed into it to create the desired solid consistency and extend the shelf life. This form of release is taken internally, which not all children can do. In addition, it takes from a quarter to half an hour before the therapeutic effect occurs, and the maximum effect is recorded 60 minutes after administration.

Injectable Suprastin packaged in glass ampoules. It is sterile, chloropyramine is diluted only with water, and does not contain other auxiliary components to which a reaction may develop. For children who cannot or do not want to swallow tablets, the injection is most suitable: although the injection site may hurt for a few seconds, the drug enters directly into the blood and begins to act instantly.

Compound

A one-cube ampoule contains 25 mg of the active compound, diluted with 1 ml of water for injection. It is a clear liquid with a barely perceptible characteristic odor. There are 5 such ampoules in a pharmaceutical cardboard box, packed in a plastic tray with cells for better fixation and protection against breaking.

Another advantage is the ability to open injectable Suprastin without using a nail file. Please note: there is a dark red line around the “isthmus” of the ampulla. This is nothing more than a designation of a fragile place on the glass. The break along this line will be easy and safe from cuts (the direction of application of force when opening the ampoule will be indicated by the break point).

Operating principle

Histamine in a free state is not dangerous; it acts only after contact with receptors of cellular elements sensitive to it. Since we are talking about allergies, we are talking about H1 receptors.

Suprastin, entering the blood, spreads throughout the tissues and itself connects with H1 receptors, ahead of histamine. And since the place is occupied, the biogenic amine does not excite the cells, thereby not triggering an allergic reaction.

There are no barriers to Suprastin: it freely penetrates the blood-brain barrier and is evenly distributed in the substance of the brain and spinal cord.

But as soon as the active substance reaches the liver, it begins to actively disintegrate under the influence of its enzymes. Metabolic products enter the bloodstream, then into the kidneys, and are excreted. And the elimination of the drug in children occurs much faster than in adults. This means there is no accumulation effect.

Indications

Suprastin in ampoules is prescribed for:

urticaria - the appearance of a rash on the skin that resembles a nettle burn in appearance and subjective sensations;
angioedema angioedema - infiltration of the skin, underlying tissue and even muscles with edematous fluid;
serum sickness - a whole symptom complex caused by the administration of protein-containing vaccines or medications;
allergic rhinitis, seasonal or year-round;
allergic conjunctivitis;
contact dermatitis associated with contact with chemical allergens on the skin or exposure to various physical factors;
atopic dermatitis - a chronic disease manifested by redness and severe peeling (or vice versa, weeping) of the most delicate areas of the skin;
skin itching of any etiology;
eczema is a skin disease with various dermatological manifestations: peeling, formation of blisters, pustules;
food allergies;
allergic reactions to any insect bites.

At what age is it allowed to enter

Antihistamine is prescribed from the age of one month (i.e. it is not included in any way). But an exception is made for premature babies: Suprastin is not administered to them, since their weight does not allow them to calculate the required dose.

The medicine is usually administered intramuscularly, and only in cases of severe allergies - intravenously. For very young children, if you cannot do without injectable Suprastin, you have to administer the drug through a permanent venous catheter.

Contraindications

A standard contraindication for all medications is increased sensitivity, and in the case of Suprastin this is to the active substance (after all, there is no allergy to water). It is not prescribed during an attack of bronchial asthma.
Relative contraindications are associated with the stages of processing and elimination of chloropyramine hydrochloride. Therefore, in case of liver and kidney failure, the drug is prescribed with caution under the supervision of blood and urine tests. They also raise the question of the administration of Suprastin for pathologies of the cardiovascular system, which affects the functioning of the organs that deactivate the drug.

Side effects

A very rare phenomenon, short-term and immediately disappears after stopping the medication.

During antihistamine therapy, the child may be drowsy or, conversely, overly excitable. This ultimately leads to fatigue, dizziness and headaches.
From the cardiovascular system, a drop in blood pressure and an associated increase in heart rate and even transient arrhythmias are possible.
The gastrointestinal tract may respond to the administration of chloropyramine with dry mouth, changes in appetite, nausea and even single vomiting, stool disturbances, discomfort and pain in the stomach.
A general blood test may show a decrease in the number of leukocytes.

Overdose

The child himself cannot cause an overdose of an injectable drug - these are not pills! Therefore, all the blame falls on the medical staff. Moreover, there is no antidote, and the baby has to be saved by symptomatic means.

Overdose is manifested by symptoms of irritation of the somatic and autonomic nervous system and kidney damage:

anxiety;
excitement;
severe dry mouth;
tachycardia;
impaired motor coordination;
convulsive syndrome;
hallucinations;
coma with fixed pupil dilation, drop in blood pressure and urinary retention.

An overdose can be caused by ignoring absolute or relative contraindications or by violating the drug administration regimen.

Instructions for use of Suprastin and dosage for children

First, the antihistamine is administered once in a dose depending on the age of the small patient: in severe cases - intravenously, in milder cases - intramuscularly.

Then the ongoing effect and all adverse reactions are assessed. If necessary, repeat the injection. At the same time, it is taken into account that more than 2 mg of chloropyramine per 1 kg of the child’s weight cannot be administered per day.

For children under 1 year of age, the first dose of the drug is 0.25 ml (a quarter of an ampoule).
Up to 6 years of age (regardless of the difference in the weight of children at 2, 3, 4 years or 5, 6 years), the initial dosage of Suprastin is limited to half an ampoule (0.5 ml).
Up to 14 years of age, the volume of the first injection is determined by the severity of the allergy, and ranges from 0.5 ml to a whole ampoule.
After 14 years, the initial dose is no different from an adult – 1 ampoule or more. The main thing is to adhere to the maximum daily dosage.

As the process subsides, children are gradually transferred to Suprastin tablets.

Interaction with other drugs

Chloropyramine can enhance the effect of drugs that affect nervous excitability (sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, MAO inhibitors), as well as sympatholytics, analgesics, atropine.

Taking the listed drugs does not exclude the use of Suprastin, but requires more careful monitoring of the condition of children.

Analogues

Analogues include other antihistamines, the prescribed dosage form of which depends on age.

An antiallergic, antihistamine drug is Suprastin. Instructions for use recommend taking 25 mg tablets, injections for the treatment of allergies, contact and atopic dermatitis, urticaria, itching and other allergic diseases.

Release form and composition

Suprastin is produced in the form:

tablets: disc-shaped, chamfered, with SUPRASTIN engraved on one side and a line on the other side; color from grayish-white to white;
solution for intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration (injections): clear, colorless liquid with a slight specific odor.

1 ampoule of solution contains: active substance: chloropyramine hydrochloride – 20 mg and auxiliary components.

1 tablet contains: active substance: chloropyramine hydrochloride – 25 mg.

Pharmacological action

Suprastin, the instructions for use confirm this, is a histamine H1 receptor blocker, an ethylenediamine derivative. Prevents the development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions. It has a moderate sedative and pronounced antipruritic effect. It has an antiemetic effect, peripheral anticholinergic activity, and moderate antispasmodic properties.

The therapeutic effect develops within 15-30 minutes after oral administration, reaches a maximum within the first hour after administration and lasts at least 3-6 hours.

After oral administration, chloropyramine hydrochloride is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Intensively metabolized in the liver. It is excreted primarily in the urine in the form of metabolites. In children, drug elimination occurs faster than in adults.

What does Suprastin help with?

Indications for use of the drug include:

allergic reactions to insect bites;
food and drug allergies;
skin itching;
contact dermatitis;
atopic dermatitis;
hives;
serum sickness;
acute and chronic eczema;
conjunctivitis;
angioedema (Quincke's edema);
seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis.

Instructions for use

Suprastin tablets

Take orally at the same time as food, do not chew and drink enough water.

Dosage regimen:

children aged 3–6 years: ½ pcs. (12.5 mg) 2 times a day;
children aged 6–14 years: ½ pcs. (12.5 mg) 2–3 times a day;
children over 14 years old and adult patients: 1 pc. (25 mg) 3–4 times a day, daily dose – 75–100 mg.

If the patient has no side effects, the dose can be gradually increased, but the maximum daily dose should not exceed 2 mg/kg body weight. The course of therapy depends on the symptoms of the disease, its duration and clinical course.

Injections

Suprastin in the form of a solution is administered intravenously and intramuscularly. The drug is administered into a vein only in emergency cases, always under the supervision of a specialist.

1–12 months: ¼ ampoule (0.25 ml) IM;
1–6 years: ½ ampoule (0.5 ml) IM;
6–14 years: ½–1 ampoule (0.5–1 ml) IM.

For adult patients, the drug is recommended to be administered intravenously, in a daily dose of 1–2 ampoules (1–2 ml). In case of severe allergy, treatment should begin with careful, slow intravenous administration of the drug, continuing therapy with intramuscular injections or taking tablets.

The dose may be increased under the control of observed side effects and patient response, but not more than 2 mg/kg body weight.

Contraindications

Suprastin instructions for use prohibit:

allergy to the drug;
hypersensitivity to ethylenediamine derivatives;
period of pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding);
acute myocardial infarction;
neonatal period (full-term and premature babies);
age up to 3 years (tablets);
acute asthma attacks;
arrhythmia;
angle-closure glaucoma;
prostate hyperplasia;
urinary retention;
stomach ulcer;
treatment with MAO inhibitors.

Side effects

photosensitivity;
increased intraocular pressure;
decrease in blood pressure;
headache;
nervous excitement;
fatigue;
dizziness;
abdominal discomfort;
tremor;
muscle weakness;
euphoria;
dry mouth;
tachycardia;
leukopenia, agranulocytosis;
drowsiness;
diarrhea, constipation;
loss or increase in appetite;
nausea, vomiting.

Children, pregnancy and breastfeeding

Due to the lack of adequate clinical studies of the use of antihistamines during pregnancy, the use of Suprastin by pregnant women, especially in the first trimester and in the last month, is possible only if the potential benefit to the mother exceeds the possible risk to the fetus.

If the drug must be used during lactation, breastfeeding should be suspended.

Suprastin solution is contraindicated for use in children (including premature infants) during the neonatal period, from birth and up to 28 days. The drug in tablet form should not be given to children under 3 years of age.

Special instructions

The drug should be used with extreme caution in elderly and debilitated patients, because Such patients are more likely to experience side effects (dizziness, drowsiness).

Suprastin should be prescribed with caution simultaneously with sedatives, tranquilizers, analgesics, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, atropine and/or sympatholytics.

During treatment, the consumption of alcoholic beverages should be avoided. Alcohol is harmful when taken simultaneously with any medications.

Drug interactions

With simultaneous use, Suprastin enhances the effects of sedatives, tranquilizers, analgesics, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, atropine, sympatholytics and ethanol. When used simultaneously with ototoxic drugs, it may mask early signs of ototoxicity.

Analogues of the drug Suprastin

Analogs in structure include:

Chloropyramine hydrochloride.
Chloropyramine-Ferein.

Vacation conditions and price

The average price of Suprastin (25 mg tablets No. 20) in Moscow is 99 rubles. In Kyiv you can buy medicine (25 mg tablet No. 20) for 62 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan - for 1285 tenge. In Minsk, pharmacies offer Suprastin tablets (No. 20) for 5-6 bel. rubles Dispensed from pharmacies with a prescription.

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An antihistamine that is approved for use in very young children. Effectively relieves allergy symptoms and eliminates swelling. Often used in complex therapy of ENT diseases. In children, it can provoke excitement of the nervous system and cause a side effect in the form of insomnia.

Dosage form

The antihistamine is available in tablet and liquid form for intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Round tablets of white color with engraving of the name of the product without a characteristic odor. The solution is a clear, colorless liquid with a slight specific odor.

The tableted drug is available in a bottle and a cardboard box of 10-20 pieces in a blister containing the active ingredient 25 mg.

The solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration is available in blister packs of 5 ampoules containing the active ingredient 20 mg/l.

The tablets are available in pharmacies without a prescription. The medicine in the form of an injection solution is prescribed by a doctor and sold in pharmacies with a prescription.

For children, use in each dosage form is acceptable.

Description and composition

It is prescribed in the form of injections or tablets not only to adults, but also to children. The drug has a pronounced antihistamine, sedative, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect.

The main active ingredient is chloropyramine hydrochloride; additional components: filler in the form of lactose, thearic acid, gelatin as a binder, starch to soften and improve water permeability, talc for dosing accuracy and glide, sodium amylopectin to destroy the tablet upon contact with gastric juice.

Auxiliary ingredients of the drug promote rapid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of the active ingredient in human blood is observed within 2 hours after administration. Chloropyramine hydrochloride levels are maintained for 5 hours. After entering the bloodstream, the drug is evenly distributed throughout all tissues of the body.

In the form of an injection solution it additionally contains distilled water. When administered intramuscularly, the maximum concentration in the blood is observed after 20 minutes. Metabolism of the drug occurs in the liver, the active substance is released along with urine. In children this process occurs faster.

Pharmacological group

The solution and tablets are antiallergic drugs and h1-histamine receptor blockers.

The main pharmacological action is antihistamine and antiallergic.

The main active ingredient, chloropyramine, is a classic antihistamine that has antiemetic, antispasmodic and anticholinergic effects.

Indications for use

Since it is one of the main antihistamines, it is often prescribed to children with various allergic reactions, namely:

with dermatological manifestations of allergies in the form.
contact dermatitis, itching.
acute and chronic forms of eczema.
allergic reactions to food agents and drugs.
Quincke's edema.
seasonal allergic rhinitis and.
serum sickness;
allergies to insect bites.

In the case of angioedema, it is used as an additional component of treatment.

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated for children in the following cases:

hypersensitivity to individual components of the drug;
lactase deficiency and lactose intolerance;
for acute manifestations of bronchial asthma.

The drug in the form of tablets or injections is prescribed with caution to children with eye disease, kidney and liver pathology, in case of urinary retention, and heart defects.

Directions for use and doses

Prescribed to children when allergy symptoms appear. After a doctor’s prescription, you should start taking the medicine with a minimum dosage of 2 mg per 2 kg of the child’s weight. The maximum dosage is 1 tablet per day for children under one year of age, 2 tablets for children from 2 to 6 years old, 3 tablets for children from 6 to 14 years old.

The drug can cause so-called withdrawal syndrome if you abruptly stop using it. It is not allowed to discontinue the drug if the child’s body continues to be exposed to allergens. The approximate therapeutic course is 10 days.

Medicine dosage:

babies up to one year - ¼ tablet 3 times a day;
children from 1 year to 6 years – 1/3 tablet 3 times a day;
from 7 to 14 years – half a tablet up to 3 times a day;
from 14 years old - 1 tablet 3 times a day.

The child should take the tablets with plenty of water without chewing, as this may provoke a gag reflex due to the unpleasant taste. The dosage of the medicine is prescribed exclusively by an emergency physician or pediatrician.

It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly directly in a medical facility under the supervision of a physician. You cannot give injections to your child on your own.

Side effects

When used by children, adverse reactions are extremely rare; most often they are temporary. After discontinuation of the drug, all undesirable effects go away without harm to health.

In rare cases, the following adverse reactions occur:

from the hematopoietic organs - hemolytic anemia, leukopenia and agranulocytosis;
from the central nervous system - constant drowsiness, nervous overexcitation, headache, fatigue, irritability and dizziness;
from the gastrointestinal tract - pain in the intestines, nausea, decreased or increased appetite;
from the biliary system - urinary retention or difficulty urinating;
from the cardiovascular system - rapid heartbeat, irregular heart rhythm and decreased blood pressure;
from the organs of vision - increased intraocular pressure, blurred visual perception.

If any adverse reaction is detected, you should discontinue the drug and consult your doctor.

Interaction with other drugs

When using it for allergies, you need to take into account that it cannot be combined with certain medications. The drug can enhance the effect of anesthesia, sedatives and hypnotics, analgesics and local painkillers. A doctor should be consulted about the possibility of combining treatment with other medications.

Special instructions

In children, long-term use of an antiallergic drug can lead to various disorders of the cardiovascular system, provoke agranulocytosis or leukopenia. There may also be an unreasonable increase in body temperature, the formation of ulcers in the mouth, and the appearance of hematomas of unknown origin.

The medicine is prescribed with caution to children who have been diagnosed with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including reflux esophagitis. If kidney and liver function are impaired, the dosage of the drug is reduced.

Overdose

Exceeding the permissible dosage is manifested by the following symptoms:

in children under one year of age, anxiety, overexcitation, dryness of the oral mucosa and nasopharynx, hyperthermia, redness of the skin, convulsions and urinary retention occur;
children from one to 6 years of age may experience visual hallucinations, insomnia, ataxia and anxiety;
in adolescent children, nervous overexcitation, muscle cramps, and post-convulsive depression are observed;
In case of severe overdose of the drug, coma may occur in children of any age.

A specific antidote has not been found, so the drug is discontinued and symptomatic treatment is carried out. In severe cases, resuscitation measures with monitoring of blood oxygenation and blood pressure may be required.

Standard treatment consists of gastric lavage within 12 hours after taking the drug and use.

The child’s body adapts to aggressive environmental conditions for many years. Sometimes it is so vulnerable that some foods, medications and cosmetics lead to allergic reactions. They are not so harmless: in addition to itching, runny nose and pain, allergies can lead to dangerous consequences, including bronchial asthma or Quincke's edema. That is why, in case of sensitivity, treatment and symptom relief are necessary. Among antihistamines, the most common is Suprastin, an effective and inexpensive remedy. But many parents are concerned about whether it is possible to give suprastin to children, whether it will have a harmful effect? Let's figure it out.

Can children have Suprastin?

When an allergen enters the body, histamine is produced - a substance that serves to regulate body functions. Inflammation begins, manifested in redness and swelling of the skin, spasm of smooth muscles and bronchi, and dilation of capillaries. The main active component of suprastin is chloropyramine hydrochloride - a substance that has a blocking effect on the release of histamine in cells and tissues, reducing spasm. Thus, the patient’s well-being improves and the severity of allergy symptoms decreases. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Regarding the use of Suprastin for children, pediatrics approves this drug from four weeks of age. In particular, it is used for:

allergic rashes of various etiologies;
dermatitis, including atypical;
bronchospasm;
Quincke's edema;
conjunctivitis;
treatment with antibiotics;
before and after vaccination.

How to take Suprastin for children?

Attention should be paid to the fact that Suprastin, unfortunately, is not available in a separate form with a dosage for children. Therefore, when prescribing medication, you should be careful and clearly separate the required amount of the drug. The medicine is available in the form of tablets and ampoules. Each tablet contains 20 mg of chloropyramine hydrochloride.

Suprastin for children under one year of age should be ground to a powder and then mixed with breast milk or formula. The dosage for a child aged 1 month to one year is ¼ tablet. Give the medicine 2-3 times a day.

If we talk about how much Suprastin can be given to a child aged 1-6 years, then usually the dosage is also ¼ tablet three times a day. Pediatricians often prescribe a different treatment regimen for patients of this age: 1/3 twice a day.
Regarding how to give Suprastin to children 6-14 years old, the usual dosage for them is ½ tablet 2-3 times a day.

In severe cases, solutions for intramuscular injection are used. The dosage of Suprastin for children is as follows:

¼ ampoules for up to one year of age;
½ ampoule for ages 1-6 years;
½ or 1 ampoule for ages 6-14 years.

Suprastin for children: side effects and contraindications

The drug is not prescribed:

Side effects of the drug include drowsiness, decreased performance, lack of appetite, anxiety, dizziness, increased excitability, and dry mouth. Less commonly, patients complain of abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea.

It is important to ensure that Suprastin does not fall into the hands of a child uncontrollably. An overdose of the drug leads to poisoning, which manifests itself in disorientation, hallucinations, and convulsions. First aid is needed, the meaning of which is to lavage the stomach, induce vomiting and take activated charcoal.

This drug is used in the presence of the following allergic diseases: neurodermatitis, urticaria, insect bites, allergies to any medications, eczema, dermatitis, as well as toxicoderma. In addition, “Suprastin” is used for atopic dermatitis, which in many children is congenital in nature, its symptoms appear from the first month of the child’s life or later (the manifestation of atopic dermatitis is noticed when they are three months old).

The drug is also effectively used for the appearance of Quincke's edema (laryngeal edema) and breathing disorders in a child of various types. It must be borne in mind that Suprastin is not available in any specific form for young children, so before use you need to clearly know the exact dosage for the child corresponding to his age. Immediately before use, the medication tablet is ground into powder. For the drug the following: from 1 month to one year - a quarter of a tablet is taken three times a day, from one year to 6 years - one third of a tablet, and from 6 to 14 years, half a tablet 2 - 3 times a day. After 14 years, the amount of the drug is the same as for adults.

Contraindications to taking the drug "Suprastin" is bronchial asthma. In this case, the drug can be prescribed by a doctor only if asthma is at an early stage. This medicine should not be given to a child suffering from asthma on its own.

The drug should be given with caution to children with stomach problems, because antihistamines have a negative effect on the stomach mucosa and can cause ulcers.

The action of the drug "Suprastin" is to suppress and block histamine, which is the causative agent of a large number of allergic diseases in children and adults. Often, children of all ages tolerate this drug well.

Like any medicine, Suprastin can cause various side effects, which manifest themselves differently in each age group of people. In children over 6 years of age, taking the medicine may cause drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness and various coordination problems. In children under 6 years of age, there is an increase in excitability, irritability and sleep disturbances. It is in this regard that when giving the drug to a child before bedtime, you need to be very careful, otherwise the baby may not sleep a wink throughout the night. In this case, it is recommended to change the time of taking Suprastin and avoid taking it before bedtime.

"Suprastin" should be kept out of the reach of children, because the child can be poisoned. Such poisoning usually manifests itself in seizures, convulsions, and hallucinations.

This medicine does not require a doctor's prescription for use by adults. For children, especially younger age groups, it must be prescribed by a doctor. Without the recommendation of a specialist, it is allowed to give the doctor’s remedy at a time - in emergency situations (with severe itching caused by allergies), and then seek advice from a doctor.