Fungal infection in the lungs. Treatment of mycosis of the lungs

Fungal microflora can spread throughout the human body, causing not only external, but also internal lesions. The most dangerous fungus is in the lungs. This type of fungal infection is characterized by vague symptoms, which is why long time may occur without treatment.

In most cases, the cause of the development of the lesion is an opportunistic yeast fungus of the Candida species. This type of fungus is present in the human body and is part of the normal microflora. Fungi of the genus Candida are found in approximately 70% of the population. In its inactive state, the fungus is harmless; its population is controlled by its own immunity. Under the influence various factors, negatively affecting immune defense, there is a rapid increase in the population of this fungus. Food for Candida are beneficial microorganisms that protect the mucous membranes and internal organs. Symptoms of fungal infection appear when normal microflora there is a preponderance towards fungal spores.

Fungus in the lungs can be a consequence of:

long-term antibiotic therapy;
taking corticosteroids;
HIV infections;
metabolic disorders;
hormone imbalance;
diabetes mellitus;
vitamin deficiency;
weakened immunity;
constant stress.

All of the above conditions and diseases lead to weakening immune defense. Long-term unsystematic use of antibiotics and corticosteroids disrupts normal work immune system.

A rapid increase in the population of fungal microflora is also observed against the background hormonal disorders And endocrine disorders. Diseases such as diabetes mellitus, increase the incidence of fungal diseases.

Another factor that provokes the development of mycosis is constant stress And nervous disorders. In case of malfunction nervous system Various malfunctions appear in the body, including impaired immunity.

Candida is present in most people, but only manifests itself when the immune system is weakened

General symptoms

With fungus in the lungs, the symptoms are much like a common cold or bronchitis. The person notices a slight deterioration in health, appears productive cough, breathing is impaired.

TO general symptoms include:

paroxysmal cough;
pain in the bronchi;
copious sputum production;
shortness of breath or shortness of breath.

The disease develops quite slowly, but over time the symptoms worsen significantly. Appears night sweats, violations are noted heart rate. Severe shortness of breath can lead to night attacks of suffocation. The cough gets worse if you initial stage sporadic coughing is observed, and as the fungal infection progresses, a severe and persistent paroxysmal cough appears.

In especially severe cases, symptoms of severe intoxication of the body appear and infiltrates form in the lungs. Sometimes your body temperature may rise. Fungus intoxication leads to a general loss of strength, sputum is released into large quantities, there may be pus or blood in the discharge.

Cough with sputum - main feature pathology

Types of disease

Symptoms and treatment depend on which fungus is causing the lung damage. The disease can be caused by representatives of the class of yeast or mold fungi.

IN general case the symptoms of the two types of pathology are the same, only the mechanism of development and the causes of the disease differ. No one is immune from damage by yeast-like fungi.

Defeat is not much less common mold fungi or aspergillus.

The most dangerous form diseases – pulmonary aspergilloma. The pathology develops against the background of an existing infection with Koch's bacillus or sarcoidosis. Mold infection is often diagnosed in HIV-infected patients.

With yeast-like fungi in the lungs, signs and symptoms of bronchitis and ARVI appear. The disease can be asymptomatic for a long time; a cough with copious sputum appears periodically.

Mold infection is accompanied by severe symptoms:

fever;
chills;
coughing up blood;
cachexia;
loss of strength;
nausea with vomiting.

Infection with mold fungi is characterized by severe intoxication. In especially severe cases, kidney and liver function is impaired.

Diagnostics

Symptoms of lung fungus do not allow diagnosis accurate diagnosis, diagnosis requires laboratory tests for precise definition type of pathogen. To do this, a puncture of the lungs is performed, followed by an analysis of the contents. Sputum is also sent for analysis.

Identification of the pathogen is necessary for correct drafting treatment regimens. During the analysis, a test is performed for the sensitivity of pathogenic microflora to different types antifungal drugs.

An X-ray of the lungs for diagnosing a fungal infection is not very informative. In the initial stages of fungal infection, the results x-ray examination similar to signs of pneumonia or severe bronchitis.

To make a diagnosis you will need laboratory test sputum or even lung tissue

Treatment principle

Fungal infection of the lungs refers to severe forms mycosis. Treatment involves taking several drugs from different groups simultaneously:

antibiotics;
antimycotics ( antifungal agents);
immunostimulants.

Fungal microflora, localized in the lungs, is a favorable environment for the addition of a secondary infection, or develops against the background of existing ones infectious lesions organ. This determines the severity of the symptoms and such nonspecific signs of the fungus as the separation of pus with sputum when coughing. To eliminate bacterial infection antibiotics are required.

Drugs usually used wide range actions:

Rifampicin;
Erythromycin;
Azithromycin;
Amoxiclav.

These medicines reduce the risk of developing bacterial diseases lungs and fight infection, but do not provide antifungal action, therefore they are used as an aid.

To combat pathogenic microflora the following is prescribed:

Nystatin;
Levorin;
Itraconazole;
Fluconazole;
Diflucan.

These drugs are available in capsules and tablets. A fungal infection in the lungs requires a long course of therapy. The minimum course of treatment is two weeks.

Antifungal drugs must be supplemented with antibiotics

Only a doctor should draw up a treatment regimen. The fact is that some types of fungi quickly develop resistance to medications. As a result, the effectiveness of therapy quickly decreases. In this case, it is practiced to take several antifungal drugs at once. The doctor may prescribe Nystatin first, then Itraconazole for some time, and then continue therapy with Fluconazole. It is impossible to choose a treatment regimen on your own, so you should trust an experienced doctor. Self-medication and incorrectly selected dosages of drugs can lead to dire consequences when the mycelium of the fungus grows, including death.

Treatment must be supplemented with immunostimulants. These drugs support the immune system while taking potent drugs against the fungus, and also help fight the infection using the body’s own forces.

It is advisable to take Taktivin or Thymogen as immunostimulants.

Folk remedies for the treatment of lung fungus are ineffective. It is not safe to use them. Therapy should be carried out only with potent antifungal drugs. Means traditional medicine may reduce effectiveness drug therapy and cause dangerous complications.

Complication of fungus

If symptoms are detected, you should consult your doctor about how to treat lung fungus. Absence timely therapy may cause the development of dangerous complications.

When infected with yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida, serious problems with breathing. Due to swelling of the mucous membrane and nasopharynx, symptoms worsen at night. In especially severe cases, candidiasis of the lungs can lead to death from suffocation in sleep.

The most dangerous form of injury molds- This is pulmonary aspergilloma. The disease is a tumor consisting of fungal mycelium. Aspergilloma may for a long time be asymptomatic, while the mycelium in the lungs continues to grow. Eventually coughing up blood appears. Aspergilloma can cause death from internal bleeding.

With a fungal infection, the formation of fistulas in the lungs is possible. It can also lead to death.

Prevention

It is very difficult to protect yourself from fungal infection, because even ordinary mold can cause the disease. The only one effective method prevention is to maintain immunity. You need to eat right, lead active image life, promptly treat any colds and infectious diseases.

Timely treatment will help prevent complications from a fungal infection.

Now a little about the secrets of fighting fungus!

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Surely you know this firsthand. But is it possible to defeat the infection without harming yourself? Read the article about effective, modern ways effective fight with fungus...

Fungus in the lungs is a rather rare phenomenon and is often confused with other serious pathological processes of lung tissue. In fact, fungus in the lungs is a dangerous disease that requires immediate treatment.

In advanced situations, it causes severe consequences and has a high mortality rate. Fungal infection of the lungs is difficult to determine, since its symptomatic manifestations are similar to tuberculosis and pneumonia, but the therapy is completely different and requires the use of completely different medications.

Fungal infection of the lungs is characterized by two main forms - actinomycosis and candidiasis. The first type is caused by microflora belonging to the genus Actinomyces, which is also called radiant fungus.

Its spores act as saprophytes of a number of cereal plants:

wheat;
barley;
rye.

IN human body spores often arrive in combination with air masses that contain a significant part of dust containing actinomycetes. Also, there is a possibility of another method of infection - due to spores getting into wound surface skin and dissemination of mycelium through the bloodstream.

The video in this article will tell the reader about the dangers of the presence of fungus in tissues.

Pulmonary candidiasis is provoked by a pathogen of the Candida type, which is usually classified as conditionally pathogenic.

These fungi are found in the body of any person and in in good condition not only do not cause harm to health, but also fulfill positive functions. However, when for a reason unfavorable factors the number of pathogenic microflora increases sharply; Candida can cause significant harm to the body.

Causes

Fungal infection of lung tissue is a difficult-to-treat disease, which is often provoked by yeast fungi of the genus Candida (pictured). Normally they are safe and live on the skin, but when they decrease immune function organisms begin to pose a danger.

The reasons for decreased immune function are the following:

constant stressful situations;
vitamin deficiency of the body;
use of antibacterial drugs.

Attention! Mycotic infection of the respiratory system is a danger to every person, regardless of his age category.

Most high risks receiving such a lesion are available to the following groups patients:

People who have been diagnosed with pathological processes of an oncological nature.
Patients suffering from HIV infections.
People who have been diagnosed with congenital or acquired diabetes mellitus.
Persons suffering from tuberculosis.
Patients with pathological processes of an endocrine nature.

Also, people who have diseases are at risk chronic, especially the respiratory type.

Symptomatic manifestations

Fungal infections of the respiratory system at the initial stage are manifested exclusively by coughing attacks of a non-productive, that is, dry nature, which is a common occurrence for the standard course colds. Further, when coughing, sputum with small patches of mucus occurs.

After mycosis of pulmonary tissues, an increase in overall body temperature occurs, and breathing becomes difficult. The patient experiences attacks of shortness of breath and an increase in sputum volume.

Thread-like inclusions are present in the sputum. It is difficult for a person to take a breath due to pain.

At the next stage pathological process the presence of foci of abscess and thickening of the pleura is noted in the lungs.

Important! When tissues are affected by a fungus, pathological changes bronchial tree, deformation of the ribs occurs. The patient complains of increased pain intensity.

The formation of fistula canals and the release of purulent masses become noticeable on the skin. In pus, as in sputum, specialists detect fungal spores during analysis. Fungi that have settled in lung tissues, are stationed in lower section 1 of the paired organs. The pathology develops over a long period of time and is in a state of constant progression.

Mycoses of the lungs are characterized by their own obvious signs - the patient’s condition worsens after using an antibacterial series of pharmacological agents, and wheezing is often not audible.

Symptoms of fungus in the lungs initial stage difficult to distinguish from a common cold and for this reason, the infection remains without correct treatment until the patient experiences pronounced symptoms, which are characterized by the following disorders:

subcutaneous infiltrates;
fistula tracts;
development of cachexia;
intoxication;
signs of exhaustion of the body.

The main symptomatic manifestations at the initial stage of fungal infection of the respiratory system are the following:

coughing attacks;
dyspnea;
sputum, often mixed with blood;
increase in general body temperature;
increased activity of the sweat glands.

Manifestations are similar to tuberculosis infection, as well as pneumonia. But, untimely detection of pathology and advanced conditions cause high mortality among patients.

Symptomatic manifestations of pulmonary candidiasis

Candida fungus is a secondary infection, and appears after inflammation of the lung tissue of a viral or bacterial nature has been suffered.

Important! The disease is expressed by areas of necrosis in the middle of the inflammation, the appearance and accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and damage to the bronchial walls. Cavities with purulent contents appear in the lungs, or pulmonary tissues are replaced by connective tissues with the formation of a scar.

With pulmonary candidiasis, patients complain of the following negative manifestations body:

general malaise;
paroxysmal nonproductive cough;
dyspnea;
feverish condition;
disruption of the rhythm of the heart muscle;
bronchospasm.

In order to eliminate symptomatic manifestations, patients are required to take antifungal agents, antibacterial drugs, antipyretic and analgesic medications. Also, during treatment it is necessary to reduce the amount of sweets, baked goods, and fatty foods consumed.

Symptomatic manifestations of aspergillosis

Symptomatic manifestations of aspergillosis are similar to candidiasis of the lungs. Patients with sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and HIV-infected patients most often suffer from this.

Mold lesions of lung tissue cause such manifestations as:

anorexia;
cough with purulent sputum;
soreness of the area chest;
increased body temperature;
hemoptysis;
inhalation is accompanied by pain;
overestimated performance of the sweat glands;
apathy;
weakness.

Aspergillosis is located on the right side of the lungs and is located in their upper part. In some cases it is possible to develop pulmonary hemorrhage, which often leads to fatal outcome patient.

Important! Fungal microorganisms are capable of infecting nearby tissues and penetrating along with the bloodstream into internal organs distant from the lungs.

Aspergillosis is characterized by rapid progression. In order to cure it, doctors use antifungal agents, steroids, and surgical debridement.

Diagnostics

In order for therapy to be effective, diagnosis is required as early as possible. An analysis of sputum secreted during coughing or necrotic masses from fistulous canals is performed.

Attention! Under a microscope, it is possible to examine the spores of the fungus that provoked health problems. It is considered the most reliable bacterial culture pus from fistulous canals.

In order to establish the correct diagnosis when a fungal infection of the lung tissue is suspected, it is necessary to perform. This type of analysis makes it possible to identify the genus of fungi. In this way, not only the presence of fungi is revealed, but also becomes possible selection the optimal drug to combat them.

However, to diagnose fungal infection of the lungs, if it is not obvious symptomatic manifestations possible only with integrated approach, which must include a study of blood, sputum, pleural fluid and lung tissue.

This is achieved through the following diagnostic measures, discussed in the table:

Diagnostic measures to identify fungus in the lungs
Manipulation	Description
X-ray examination	Provides an opportunity to determine the location of foci of fungus in the respiratory organs.
Cultural analysis	During the manipulation, due to the bacterial inoculation technique, fungal spores multiply in laboratory conditions - this is necessary in order to determine the reaction of the pathogen to a variety of pharmacological drugs.
Microscopic analysis	It involves examining under a microscope samples of fungal mycelium isolated from sputum expectorated by the patient.
PCR diagnostics	Provides the opportunity to determine the specific type of pathogenic agent based on the results of its DNA tests.
Serological blood test	Used to identify pathology. This conclusion is made based on the presence of specific antibodies in the blood, which indicate the presence of certain pathogens in the body.

However, it should be noted that the use of radiography is not considered effective diagnostic method in case of fungal infection of lung tissues early stages course of the pathology, since there is high probability detection of chronic pneumonia, tumor, tuberculosis infection or. On late stages when deciphering the x-ray image, pathological changes in the ribs, bronchial tree and chaff become noticeable.

According to the diagnostic results, a specific treatment regimen is selected, which is individual for each patient and depends on the indicators of his body and clinical picture course of the disease. Fungus in the lungs can be treated by an infectious disease specialist.

It is prohibited to make any attempts at treatment on your own; the therapeutic process must be supervised by a specialist. The cost of breaking this rule is extremely high.

Treatment methods

Treatment of fungal infections of the lungs is often performed through intramuscular or subcutaneous injections Actinolysate drug, which is an immunostimulant that increases the production of antibodies to pathogens infectious nature and reducing the intensity of inflammatory processes. The instructions imply 10-15 injections.

Also, they can be assigned antibacterial drugs to eliminate bacterial flora and prevent secondary infections. All pharmacological agents are selected based on the results of the analyzes performed.

Subcutaneous infiltrates and abscesses are eliminated by surgical interventions and subsequent drainage pleural cavity to improve the outflow of necrotic masses. In case of severe lesions, a lobectomy is performed - removal of a certain part of the respiratory organ. Also, physiotherapeutic procedures are indicated - electrophoresis and ultraviolet irradiation of the chest.

With timely therapy, the prognosis is positive character. In the later stages, it is already difficult to achieve rehabilitation. Generalized infection can cause death.

Fungus in the lungs is quite rare and is often confused with other serious pulmonary diseases. This is a serious and dangerous disease that requires urgent treatment. In running forms it calls severe consequences and causes deaths. Fungal lung disease is difficult to recognize because it causes identical symptoms to tuberculosis and pneumonia, but is treated with completely different medications.

Causes of the disease

Fungal infection of the lungs is a difficult to cure disease and is caused by the fact that the lungs are affected yeast mushrooms genus Candida. They are permanent and safe for a healthy person, residents of our skin. Candida fungi become dangerous when immunity decreases. The causes of decreased immunity are constant stressful situations, antibiotics and vitamin deficiency. Mycotic lesions of the lungs and upper respiratory tract dangerous for everyone, the fungus affects both adults and children. Increased risk infected in sick people:

HIV infection;
diseases of the endocrine system;
AIDS;
cancerous tumors;
tuberculosis;
diabetes mellitus;
serious chronic diseases.

Symptoms of the disease

Fungal diseases of the lungs initially manifest themselves as a common dry cough, like a cold. When you cough, you produce sputum interspersed with mucus. After the lung tissue is damaged by the fungus, body temperature rises and breathing becomes difficult. The patient experiences shortness of breath and an increase in the amount of sputum. Bloody thread-like inclusions are observed in the sputum. The patient experiences pain when inhaling.

Fungal infection of the lungs occurs in people with sharply reduced defensive reactions body.

In the secondary stages of the disease, the presence of abscesses and thickened chaff in the lungs is observed. When the lungs are infected with a fungus, changes begin in the bronchi and the ribs become deformed. The patient complains of increased pain. The formation of fistulous tracts and the discharge of pus become visible on his skin. In it, as in sputum, doctors detect fungal spores during analysis. Fungi that infect the lungs are located in the lower part of one of them. The disease takes a long time to develop and constantly progresses.

Pulmonary mycoses have their own obvious signs- this is a deterioration in the patient’s condition after taking antibiotics and the absence of wheezing in the lungs.

The symptoms of the disease are initially difficult to distinguish from a common cold, so a fungal infection of the lungs remains without proper treatment until the patient develops pronounced symptoms in the form of subcutaneous infiltrates, fistulous tracts, exhaustion of the body, development of cachexia and intoxication. Advanced cases of this disease lead to death.

Symptoms of aspergillosis

Molds also happen fungal infections lungs, they affect HIV-infected and very weakened people; the disease develops when the lungs have already been affected by tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. The causative agents of the disease are fungi derived from mold. Symptoms appear the same as with candidiasis. Mold in the lungs causes weakness and apathy, anorexia, and sweating. It is distinguished by its upper, right-sided location in the lungs.

Diagnosis of fungus in the lungs

To accurately and correctly diagnose the disease, a lung puncture is performed through the skin.

For selection effective medicines It is important that the disease is diagnosed as early as possible. An analysis of sputum released during coughing or necrotic masses from fistulous tracts is carried out. To confirm the diagnosis, a lung puncture is performed through the skin. Under a microscope, the spores of the fungus that causes the disease become visible. This type of analysis will help determine the genus of mushrooms. A test for bacterial culture of pus from fistulous tracts is considered reliable. This is how the presence of mushrooms is determined and effective medicine, in order to cure them. Application x-ray examination not recommended, as it is ineffective in the early stages of the disease and because of it, the presence of chronic pneumonia, abscess, tumor or tuberculosis is erroneously diagnosed. In the later stages of the disease, when examining the image, changes in the ribs, chaff and bronchial tree. Aspergillosis in the respiratory tract is diagnosed in the same way as pulmonary candidiasis.

Treatment of the disease

Treatment for fungus takes a long time. A set of antimycotic agents and antibiotics is used. When the disease became chronic form, they are used in the form of injections. Antibiotics are selected by acting on the grown colonies of fungi from the samples taken. Add inhalations to achieve best results Immunostimulants are prescribed to help the body produce antibodies that fight fungal infections. Assign vitamin complexes and a special low-carb diet. Doctors select the optimal treatment, especially when the disease is detected in a child.

12.04.2017

A fungal infection called mycosis can affect the human body not only externally, but also internally. Against the background of weakened immunity, as well as long-term treatment Antibacterial drugs cause passive infection internal organs. The most common and dangerous disease considered candidiasis. After all, it is the fungus in the lungs, the symptoms of which are similar to other types of pulmonary diseases, that threatens with serious pathologies of the respiratory system. Moreover, treating candidiasis is a very difficult process.

Features of pulmonary candidiasis

The causative agent of fungal lung disease is considered to be a yeast-like fungus of the genus Candida. Despite the fact that microorganisms are permanent inhabitants of human skin and mucous membranes, under certain conditions they moderate amount begins to increase rapidly. As a result, fungi enter the blood and lungs, causing the development acute form primary candidiasis, upon transition to the secondary stage the disease becomes chronic. Face with dangerous illness A person of any age can, but most often the symptoms of infection threaten due to the following factors:

With weakened immunity;
Due to long-term treatment with antibiotics or steroids;
For diabetes mellitus;
Due to HIV infection, oncology;
At depressed state, as well as vitamin deficiency.

The spread of infection through the bloodstream throughout all organs occurs when the permissible norm fungi in the body. The detection of fungal spores in the respiratory tract against the background of a dry cough, weakness and chest pain indicates mycosis of the lungs. To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes an x-ray of the lungs followed by sputum examination. This is necessary to identify the causative agent of the disease in order to prescribe an effective drug.

Often, lung fungus (candidiasis) results past pneumonia bacterial or viral in nature, tuberculosis, abscess. As the pathology develops, the bronchi are damaged, fluid accumulates in the alveoli, and in the foci inflammatory process symptoms of necrosis are detected.

Important: dangerous result fungal infections become the formation of cavities in the lungs filled with pus, as well as scarring of connective (pulmonary) tissues. Therefore, for any problems with the respiratory system, consultation with a specialist and a thorough examination are important.

Difficulties of symptoms

A characteristic feature of the disease pulmonary candidiasis is the colonization of the lower space of the lung by fungi. At the initial stage of the disease, fungal spores end up in the respiratory tract along with saliva, signaling signs of simple pneumonia. Then the infection spreads through the blood and lymph to other organs, leading to the development of a secondary form of the disease with more serious manifestations.

The development of pathology is accompanied by symptoms of a common cold or bronchitis; in addition to a dry cough, sputum and mucus are produced. When lung tissue is damaged against the background high temperature the body appears to have difficulty breathing with shortness of breath, but often with a complete absence of wheezing when listening to the lungs. This condition is accompanied by an increase in the volume of secreted mucus of a reddish-yellow hue due to inclusions of blood. A sign of pulmonary candidiasis is also considered a signal of pain during inhalation or coughing.

In order not to confuse fungus in the lungs with other pathologies of the respiratory organ, you should carefully consider the following characteristic symptoms:

The appearance of high body temperature;
Pain in the chest, especially when coughing;
Increased sweating at night;
Rapid heartbeat with shortness of breath;
Difficulty breathing accompanied by wheezing;
Persistent cough with lots of sputum and traces of blood.

Fungus in the lungs is especially dangerous for children younger age. Treatment of acute or septic forms of pulmonary candidiasis in small child associated with certain difficulties and can even lead to death.

The course of the disease in adults is very severe, and treatment is protracted, since sometimes there is no relief from taking antibiotics. That's why important point diagnostics becomes the examination of sputum for the presence of Candida fungus, since x-rays of the lungs reveal symptoms of only severe changes.

Types of fungal infections of the lungs by type of pathogen

Candida albicans is the causative agent of candidomycosis;
Actinomyces bovis is the culprit of actinomycosis;
Trichomycetes – causes the development of streptomycosis;
Blastomyces dermatitidis is the causative agent of blastomycosis;
Aspergillus fumigatus – promotes the development of aspergillosis;
Histoplasma capsulatum is the culprit of histoplasmosis;
Coccidioides immitis is the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis.

Treatment methods for pulmonary mycosis

Traditional therapy

Treatment of a fungus that has colonized the bronchopulmonary system is a responsible but lengthy process. IN extreme cases surgical intervention is indicated long period rehabilitation.

The priority drugs for the treatment of pulmonary candidiasis are antimycotic drugs that eliminate intoxication. Of the extensive list of antimycotics, Nystatin and Levorin are most often used.

For severe fungal infestations, drugs are administered intravenously, supplementing the treatment regimen with inhalations with sodium salts these drugs.

Important clarification: traditional antibiotics fungal diseases no treatment. However, the most effective combination is considered antifungal antibiotics with antimycotics. To the diagram complex therapy connect immunostimulants, multivitamins, prescribe special diet with restriction of simple carbohydrates.

Popular drugs for treating fungus

Help from traditional medicine

To treat mycosis of the lungs alone folk remedies unacceptable, since inaction or incorrect treatment threaten irreversible changes in the tissues of the respiratory organs. Home treatments should be a complement to drug therapy, bringing recovery closer when using the following recipes:

If you consult a doctor in a timely manner, correct methods diagnostics to prescribe adequate treatment for fungal infestations, there is no fear of complications of the disease. Otherwise, the risk of developing sclerosis or fibrosis increases, respiratory failure, even sepsis. With advanced pulmonary candidiasis, the threat of death is real.

To obtain a qualified medical care treatment of the fungus takes place in a hospital, where it is possible to artificial ventilation respiratory organs. To rid yourself of the threat dangerous problems with lungs, you should not self-medicate. You should take care of your health without neglecting the rules of personal hygiene. It is also important to contact a specialist promptly if you suspect any type of fungal infection.

Fungus in the lungs is most often diagnosed in people with severely reduced immunity.. It is most often caused by fungi of the Candida type and leads to difficult changes in lung tissues. Mycoses can be observed at any age, but patients with tuberculosis are more susceptible to this pathology. oncological pathologies and those people who take antibacterial drugs for a long time. A fungus in the lungs can be one of the symptoms of human immunodeficiency. This pathology requires long-term and systemic treatment.

Reasons

Fungal infection of the lungs rarely occurs in absolutely healthy people. Most often, this pathology is observed in people with immunodeficiency. There are many causes of the disease, but the main provoking factors are:

Long-term use of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs.
Oncological diseases and long-term chemotherapy.
Tuberculosis of any form.
Diabetes of different types.
Immunodeficiency states.
Relapse of chronic diseases of internal organs.

Fungal spores spread throughout the body hematogenously. If there is fungal infections skin, intestines, genitals or oral cavity, then the mycelium can enter the respiratory organs through the bloodstream and lead to the development of the disease.

The mycelium of pathogenic fungi can penetrate the respiratory organs by inhaling tiny dust particles that contain fungal spores.

Symptoms

At the initial stage, the fungus in the lungs has no specific signs and resembles respiratory disease or bronchitis. A sick person may be bothered by a dry cough, but sometimes during coughing attacks a little viscous sputum comes out. As the disease develops, the fungus in the lungs is accompanied by the following symptoms:

Body temperature rises greatly. Although in some patients the marks on the thermometer do not exceed low-grade fever.
Breathing becomes difficult, severe shortness of breath appears, even in a calm state.
The volume of secreted sputum increases significantly.
The sputum becomes yellow, there are inclusions of blood in it.
When inhaling, a sick person feels pain in the sternum.

If you look at an x-ray, you will notice that with pulmonary candidiasis, the pleura becomes thicker, and changes are observed in the bronchi. The ribs are always subject to deformation due to the inflammatory process.

Fungal diseases of the lungs gradually cover the pleura and chest walls. Feels like severe pain, fistulas form on the skin through which purulent contents come out. The fungus is often found in sputum.

Most often, the fungus affects only one respiratory organ and is localized mainly in its lower part. This pathology is characterized by a long and constantly progressive course. At the very first stage, the disease is difficult to diagnose, since characteristic features Not yet. A little later, as the fungus spreads, fungi are observed in the person's lungs and sputum, and the symptoms become more clear. Fistula canals and infiltrates appear under the skin.

If yeast-like fungi and mold remain in the lungs for too long, the body becomes severely depleted and severe intoxication is observed.

Pathogenic fungi in the human body lead to disruption of normal protein metabolism, which greatly affects the work important organs and systems.

Diagnostics

To accurately make a diagnosis, sputum and fluid from the fistula tracts are taken for analysis.. In some cases, a puncture of the lungs is performed. By using microscopic examination it is possible to detect the mycelium of the fungus, and using a special reaction, the type of pathogen is determined.

In many cases, fungal spores are not found in patients' sputum, so analysis of pus from fistulas or bacterial culture is considered more effective. Such tests help not only to correctly identify the pathogen, but also to correctly select medications for the treatment of pathology.

Diagnostics by x-ray on early stage disease is impossible, since fungi do not initially cause morphological changes in tissues.

Treatment

Fungus in the lungs is treated comprehensively. Most often, the doctor prescribes intramuscular as well as subcutaneous administration of Actinolysate. This drug is an immunostimulant; it increases the production of antibodies to various pathogens. infectious pathologies and reduces the severity of the inflammatory process. The duration of such treatment can be up to 15 injections.

IN mandatory antibacterial drugs are prescribed, which are selected based on the results of bacterial culture. Most often, medications are preferred penicillin series, wide spectrum of action. If there is an allergy to such drugs, then macrolides or sulfide drugs are prescribed.

Antibiotics reduce inflammation and reduce the risk of secondary infection due to fungal infection of the lung.

Abscesses and infiltrates are opened surgically, the cavities are washed with antifungal solutions and tubes are inserted for drainage. If the lung is severely affected by fungi, then removal of part of the organ may be indicated, this operation is called a lobectomy.

Also indications for surgical intervention is the ineffectiveness of long-term drug treatment and the need to quickly eliminate residual effects after the fungus. Indications for surgery may include lung cysts and bronchiectasis of the upper respiratory organs.

Also carried out symptomatic treatment mycosis of the respiratory tract. The patient is prescribed oral antifungal agents, sorbents and blood plasma substitutes. In addition, the patient must strengthen protective forces body, vitamin complexes are prescribed for this purpose.

To quickly eliminate the symptoms of the disease, physiotherapeutic procedures may be prescribed. Most often, UV irradiation is prescribed for the chest area and electrophoresis with special medicines.

With early treatment, the prognosis is very favorable. If the disease is already very advanced and irreversible changes, then the treatment is long and expensive, and with the further addition of a secondary infection, it can be fatal.

Traditional methods of treatment

It is immediately worth noting that to cure mycosis of the lungs only one folk recipes unrealistic. Such methods will help strengthen the body's defenses, but they can only be used in consultation with a doctor and simultaneously with prescribed medications. The following formulations are considered the most effective in the treatment of fungal diseases:

Pine honey. This drug is very helpful in treating fungus. Honey is made from young pine cones and pine shoots. Take the drug one dessert spoon before a meal, drinking plenty of warm water.
You can prepare an antifungal composition from radish. One medium radish is washed, peeled and grated. Squeeze out the juice and mix with half a glass of honey and the same amount of vodka. You need to consume this composition in a teaspoon, once a day, certainly in the morning on an empty stomach.
Their blackberry tea. You can brew berries, leaves and young shoots. This remedy is considered very effective against fungi.
Aloe. The juice of a five-year or older plant is mixed with honey, Cahors and badger fat in a 1:1 ratio, take a teaspoon three times a day.

Traditional methods of treatment can be combined or alternated. But do not forget that all actions must be coordinated with the doctor.

To prevent mycosis of the lungs, it is necessary to promptly treat infectious and chronic diseases. Do not cause fungal infections of the oral cavity and genitals. You need to understand that with the blood flow, the pores of the fungus can enter the respiratory system.