Causes of development, symptoms, treatment of acute and chronic enterocolitis. Symptoms and treatment of enterocolitis in adults and methods of prevention

Chronic enterocolitis can occur due to various reasons, but if the first symptoms of illness are noticed, you need to consult a doctor and undergo an examination. At timely detection diseases and proper treatment, the prognosis is favorable, so you shouldn’t waste time and put off visiting a doctor. The chronic form means that not only the intestinal mucosa is damaged, but also its deeper layers.

The causes of pathology can be very different - transferred viral and infectious diseases, Not proper nutrition. The main factors include:

No one is immune from this pathology. The situation is aggravated by the fact that patients do not always immediately seek treatment. medical care, the disease starts, it becomes more difficult to treat.

It is worth noting that chronic enterocolitis has not yet been identified as a separate nosology. Typically, such a diagnosis is made after it is impossible to differentiate another pathology.

Symptoms and manifestations

Initially, the disease manifests itself acutely - the patient regularly feels nausea, vomiting, diarrhea with foul-smelling feces is possible, and symptoms of intoxication of the body are possible. If treatment is not promptly addressed, the transition to a chronic form is guaranteed.

Pain is the main symptom of this disease. Most often, the pain is localized around the navel, on the sides of the abdomen. Severe attacks observed after eating, may decrease after bowel movement. There is also bloating and strong discharge of gases.

Main symptoms:

• diarrhea - feces may contain blood or mucus and have an unpleasant odor;
• false urges to defecation;
• lack of appetite;
• bloating.

If the disease is not treated, the patient gradually loses weight, appears constant fatigue, lethargy, apathy. All this can lead to prolonged depression. If any symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a gastroenterologist. An advanced disease can lead to complications, the simplest of which are anemia, vitamin deficiency, physical malaise, depression, deterioration of the condition of the skin, hair, and nails.

If the patient has symptoms of general intoxication for a long time - nausea, severe vomiting, high temperature, then in this case it is necessary to urgently call ambulance and do not refuse hospitalization.

Diagnostics

When contacting the clinic, the doctor will conduct an oral interview, collect anamnesis and prescribe an examination. Diagnostics chronic enterocolitis difficult because laboratory tests may show only minor changes. The patient may be prescribed the following techniques diagnostics:

• esophagogastroduodenoscopy;

• colonoscopy;
• endoscopic biopsy with subsequent study of the obtained material;
• bacteriological examination feces;

• X-ray.

All these research methods will allow us to exclude other diagnoses and make sure that the patient suffers from chronic enterocolitis.

Treatment of pathology

Chronic enterocolitis can manifest itself with varying pain intensity. Treatment should be comprehensive, the methods depend on the symptoms and severity of the pathology. When diagnosing of this disease medications are prescribed that eliminate the root cause of the pathology. It is important to follow a diet and give preference to healthy foods.

Restoring bowel function- an important stage in the treatment of chronic enterocolitis. For these purposes, drugs may be prescribed for plant based, probiotics, sorbents, multivitamins. For diarrhea, prescribed local drugs, herbal infusions.

Properly taken therapeutic measures can get rid of chronic enterocolitis in 5-6 weeks, but non-compliance with recommendations and refusal to diet can aggravate the situation.

Diet

The distinction between acute and chronic form enterocolitis exists, but treatment in both cases is not much different. This also applies to diet. It is adherence to the regime and proper nutrition that will allow you to quickly get rid of the disease and significantly reduce painful sensations.

In acute enterocolitis, diet No. 4 is usually prescribed. At the initial appearance of the disease, it may be prescribed healing hunger during the day, only water is allowed in limited quantities. In principle, the essence of the diet is simple - you need to switch to light food, exclude fried, salty, marinades. Porridges are allowed, with priority given to mucous ones. You can offer the patient a cereal rice broth, which will be especially useful for diarrhea.

It is worth noting that chronic enterocolitis is almost never diagnosed independently; changes and inflammatory processes occur in other organs, therefore the principles and essence of the diet are aimed at the general improvement of the body and normalization of the condition.

• exclusion from the diet of fresh vegetables and fruits, especially those that cause fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract;
• a complete ban on fried and spicy food, marinades, canned food;

• food is steamed or boiled;
• fast food should not be included in the diet;

• you need to eat 5-6 times a day, in small portions,
• Overeating is unacceptable.

All these principles must be followed until the patient gets better. Then the menu can be diversified - add lean boiled meat, steamed meatballs, boiled vegetables, fruit compotes, lean fish.

Diet for exacerbation of diseases

The cause of relapse is usually the patient's failure to diet. Even eating an apple can aggravate the situation, so nutritional issues should be approached thoroughly and carefully. With a weakened immune system or after an infectious (viral) disease, the risk of relapse increases sharply.

Diet for exacerbation includes: water and weak unsweetened tea in limited quantities. In the following days, it is necessary to eliminate carbohydrates or reduce the consumption of such foods to a minimum. These days, it is important to take multivitamins rich in minerals, since the body intensively adsorbs them during an exacerbation.

Important! Calcium is absorbed only together with phosphorus, protein and fats. Therefore, in the diet (not large quantities and gradually), lean fish, hard cheeses, and cottage cheese should be introduced. The diet should also include foods with high content easily digestible iron - this will reduce the risk of developing anemia.

Such products include liver (preferably chicken), eggs, meat. Fruits you can eat are quince and dogwood. Great option- slimy porridges, for example, oatmeal, wheat. You can eat several pieces of hematogen, which is sold at any pharmacy.

It is worth sharply limiting your salt intake, as it retains fluid in the body.

After the disease returns in remission, you should not immediately switch to good nutrition, you still need to follow the basic diet for some time, eat pureed food. Products are introduced gradually and in small quantities, observing the state of the body and well-being.

Children's diet

A child’s diet is not much different from an adult’s, but it is worth considering the fact that the child is developing, he needs vitamins and microelements in large quantities, and these substances are already not enough for chronic enterocolitis.

The basis of nutrition is low-fat broths, pureed soups, porridges (slush). Meat and fish dishes should be cooked exclusively by steaming or boiling. If severe pain is observed, you can give your baby cabbage juice, Borjomi type mineral water.

Should be excluded from the diet fresh vegetables and fruits, bakery products and flour. With your doctor's permission, you can include crackers in your diet.

When diagnosing a disease, both in adults and adults, it is best to consult a doctor or nutritionist who will create the correct and healthy menu individually. In this case it will be possible to achieve positive results faster.

Forecast

Discovered on early stage the disease and timely prescribed treatment guarantee full recovery body and recovery.

At wrong approach possible for treatment frequent relapses. The gastrointestinal tract should be regularly maintained with special drugs, stick to proper nutrition.

Prevention of chronic enterocolitis is quite simple - you should not overload the stomach, eat right, and regularly do fasting days. Since the pathology must be treated in a timely manner and not neglected. Only this approach will allow you to always feel good and insure against the occurrence of such unpleasant disease as chronic enterocolitis.

– inflammatory disease intestines, which can develop after suffering infectious enteropathology, somatic diseases, the action of toxins and other factors. The main symptoms are abdominal pain, changes in stool, weight loss and other signs of impaired nutrient absorption. For diagnostic purposes, endoscopy with biopsy is performed, x-ray examination, bacteriological examination of stool. Treatment consists of correcting intestinal motility disorders and microflora, prescribing antibacterial drugs and diet therapy. The prognosis is favorable.

General information

Chronic enterocolitis is a polyetiological disease characterized by inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines with disruption of its digestive, barrier and transport functions. There are no exact statistics on the prevalence of this pathology, since quite often patients do not seek treatment. specialized assistance. However, it has been established that among all patients hospitalized in gastroenterology departments, inflammatory bowel changes are recorded in 85-90% of cases. The issue of classifying this disease into a separate nosology has not yet been clearly resolved. If after bacteriological, radiological, endoscopic methods diagnosis does not differentiate the specific type of intestinal lesion (for example, ulcerative enterocolitis), a diagnosis of chronic enterocolitis is established. Very often, when examining the intestinal mucosa, there are no macroscopic changes, but a biopsy reveals lymphocytic infiltration. In such cases, the term “lymphocytic enterocolitis” is used.

Causes of chronic enterocolitis

The main reasons for the development of chronic enterocolitis are previous intestinal infections, helminthiases, protozoal infestations, dysbacteriosis, disorders of the physiology of the intestinal mucosa in other diseases gastrointestinal tract, as well as allergic diseases, the effects of ionizing radiation, various toxins, thermal and mechanical factors, alcohol abuse. With prolonged exposure to certain damaging factors (mainly toxins, including alcohol intoxication) it is possible to develop primary chronic enterocolitis without acute phase. Chronic intestinal inflammation, which develops after acute inflammation, is usually associated with improper untimely treatment or its absence, malnutrition during the period of convalescence.

With this pathology, there is an imbalance between physiology immune system And normal microflora intestines, as a result of which the macro- and microstructure of the mucous membrane, the processes of regeneration and metabolism in it change. Changes in intestinal microbiocenosis, barrier, secretory and motor functions are of primary importance in pathogenesis. The activity of membrane enzymes, transport channels that provide the supply of water, ions, and products of the breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates is disrupted. Dysbacteriosis leads to fermentation and putrefactive processes, which result in the formation of large amounts of acids, gas, as well as endogenous toxins, which also damage the mucous membrane and nerve endings. Hypersecretion of mucus develops. The combination of these processes leads to the maintenance chronic inflammation intestines and the formation of atrophy of its mucous membrane. In this case, the pathogenesis and severity of the disease depend largely not on the cause, but on the degree of damage to the enterocytes.

Symptoms of chronic enterocolitis

Basic clinical manifestations chronic enterocolitis is pain, stool disturbances and extraintestinal symptoms. The pain may have different localization: in the navel area, on the sides of the abdomen, in lower parts; usually occurs several hours after eating, decreases after bowel movements and the passage of gas. When involved in the inflammatory process lymph nodes located along the intestines, the pain becomes constant and intensifies after thermal procedures and physical activity.

Stool disorders can be different: diarrhea, constipation, unstable stool. Mild diarrhea may occur immediately after eating, feces usually watery, mucous. May be a disturbing feeling incomplete emptying intestines, false urge to defecate. Diarrhea occurs after consuming too much fatty foods, plenty of milk and fiber-rich foods. Diarrhea alternates with constipation, and the stool becomes fragmented. Patients are concerned about bloating, rumbling, nausea, belching and loss of appetite.

Extraintestinal manifestations of chronic enterocolitis are caused by impaired absorption of nutrients. Characteristic symptom– weight loss, the severity of which characterizes the degree of malabsorption. In the first degree, patients lose 5-10 kg of body weight and their ability to work decreases. The second degree is characterized by a loss of more than 10 kilograms, trophic disorders, signs of hypovitaminosis, lack of potassium and calcium. In the third degree, against the background of a loss of more than 10 kilograms of body weight, pronounced disturbances in water and electrolyte balance, hypoproteinemic edema and severe disturbances of intestinal motility with a predominance of hypokinesia are observed. Dry skin and mucous membranes, hair loss, irritability, sleep disturbances, and possible small muscle cramps are noted.

Diagnosis of chronic enterocolitis

A consultation with a gastroenterologist allows one to identify some characteristic signs of this pathology, anamnestic data (relationship with previous intestinal infections or the effect of other etiological factors). When examining the patient, pallor and dryness of the skin and mucous membranes are determined; the tongue is dry, covered with a white coating. When palpating the abdomen, there may be pain in various areas, alternation of spasmodic and atonic areas, and rumbling. Laboratory tests do not reveal significant changes; a slight leukocytosis is possible in the blood test, with severe violation absorption is determined by hypoproteinemia.

To assess the degree of change in the intestinal mucosa, consultation with an endoscopist is necessary. During esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the initial section is visualized small intestine, when performing a colonoscopy - the final part of the thin and the entire large intestine. Typically, the mucous membrane is not changed upon macroscopic examination; signs of degeneration of the epithelium, villi, hyperemia, edema and bleeding are possible.

An endoscopic biopsy is required histological examination material. A characteristic feature Chronic enterocolitis is a change in the enterocytes of the villi and the superficial layer of the mucous membrane. Visually, the cells do not differ from normal enterocytes subject to involutive changes, but their number is significantly greater than normal; such cells can occupy the entire surface of the villi, and not just their distal sections. Diffuse infiltration of the deep layers of the mucous membrane by lymphocytes is also typical.

If chronic enterocolitis is suspected, a bacteriological examination of stool is performed to determine changes in the microflora. Are revealed opportunistic microorganisms(Klebsiella, Proteus), as well as qualitative (lacto-negative, hemolyzing enteropathogenic strains appear) and quantitative (the content of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli decreases) changes in normal microbiocenosis. The amount of accompanying flora increases: bacteroids, yeast.

The clinical picture of chronic enterocolitis can be very nonspecific, so differential diagnosis with diseases such as ulcerative enterocolitis, Crohn's disease, malignant neoplasms, diverticulosis; in this case, the leading role is given to radiological and endoscopic examination. Also excluded somatic diseases, in which exhaustion is possible as a secondary syndrome: hormonally active tumors, pathology endocrine system, functional lesions of the central nervous system with impaired intestinal motility and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment of chronic enterocolitis

Treatment of chronic enterocolitis is carried out in several directions: diet therapy, correction of intestinal motility disorders, normalization of microflora and antibacterial therapy. Diet involves exclusion whole milk, raw fruits and vegetables, restriction simple carbohydrates, seasonings and products that cause increased gas formation.

If pathogenic microorganisms are detected, appropriate antibacterial drugs: sulfonamides, nitrofurans, antifungals and other agents. Specific bacteriophages are also used: staphylococcal, proteus, pseudomonas, etc. Probiotics are prescribed ( medicines containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) and eubiotics. In order to normalize the processes of digestion and absorption, they are used enzyme preparations(pancreatin). Essential phospholipids are used to stabilize enterocyte membranes.

For severe diarrhea, loperamide is prescribed to reduce the secretion of water and electrolytes, as well as slow bowel propulsive ability. During an exacerbation, astringents, enveloping agents, and enterosorbents can be used. In case of severe hypoproteinemia, mixtures of amino acids or plasma are transfused. If necessary, correction of water and electrolyte disturbances is carried out (intravenous administration of potassium and calcium preparations).

Prognosis and prevention

The prognosis for chronic enterocolitis is favorable; with proper systematic treatment, it is achieved good effect. That's why anyone clinical case severe course, difficult to treat, should be studied for the presence of more severe pathology.

Primary prevention consists of preventing intestinal infections, observing personal hygiene rules, isolating infectious patients, and timely and adequate treatment of diseases that can cause enterocolitis. In order to prevent relapses, all patients must follow a long-term diet and strictly follow all doctor’s recommendations.

U modern people pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract are cornerstone all health problems. And this is no coincidence, since it is in the intestines that the real factory for the production of forms of nutrients, building material for cells and the formation of immunity is located. Chronic enterocolitis is a common form of dyspepsia, which causes damage to the mucous membrane and a decrease in the absorption of nutrients and water. This ultimately leads to muscular dystrophy, degeneration cartilage tissue, decrease protective function body, deficiency of certain microelements and vitamins.

The disease enterocolitis often goes unnoticed, revealing itself only periodic exacerbations with minor symptoms that quickly pass without specific treatment. However, after each exacerbation, irreversible traces of dystrophic changes remain on the mucous membrane, and the process of absorption of nutrients further deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the material, which describes the causes, symptoms and treatment of chronic enteritis. When the first negative signs appear, you must consult a gastroenterologist and undergo full examination.

With enterocolitis, symptoms and treatment can vary significantly depending on the presence of concomitant pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Particularly dangerous is the form in which it is based pathological changes there is a violation of the process of bile outflow from the cavity of the gallbladder.

Diagnosis of enterocolitis: causes of the disease

Currently, the diagnosis of enterocolitis is established quite often not only in adults, but also in children, including newborns and infants in the first year of life. Usually their first signs appear during the period of introducing complementary foods. The most common cause of disease in infants is intolerance to lactose, gluten and some other food proteins.

In adults, the disease enterocolitis is often diagnosed in a chronic, advanced form and is characterized by numerous morphological changes in the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines.

Common causes of enterocolitis include many factors:

• systematic violation of the diet and diet (most often people suffer who eat fast food, eat dry food, or take a large amount of food at a time);
• shortage of clean drinking water, which is necessary to cleanse the intestinal walls and restore its mucous membrane;
• dietary habits, including addiction to spicy and salty foods, which cause inflammation, irritation and dryness of the mucous membranes;
• regular intake alcoholic drinks(including beer, cocktails, energy drinks);
• abuse of tea, coffee and carbonated drinks in large quantities;
• chronic dysbacteriosis with a predominance of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora;
• uncontrolled use of some (antibiotics, hormonal agents and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tablets with analgesic properties are especially dangerous);
• biliary dyskinesia, chronic cholecystitis, duodenitis, pancreatitis with enzymatic deficiency;
• untreated intestinal infection and carriage of pathogenic microflora;
• surgical interventions on the abdominal cavity.

Among probable causes enterocolitis has a psychosomatic component. People who often find themselves in stressful situations, who work a lot and hard, with increased nervous excitability, and who are suspicious are susceptible. A hereditary predisposition to the development of inflammatory processes in the cavity of the thin and.

Symptoms of chronic enterocolitis and its exacerbation

During the period of remission, enterocolitis symptoms can be extremely scanty, expressed mainly in the form of dyspepsia. This can provoke increased gas formation, bloating, flatulence, periodic constipation and diarrhea. The main symptoms of chronic enterocolitis appear as long-term consequences against the background of a long-term course of the disease.

These could be:

• violations mineral metabolism with osteoporosis and salt deposition in the cavity organs;
• reduction in the protective function of the immune system due to a reduction in the number of beneficial microorganisms of the intestinal flora;
• frequent colds with a long and severe course;
• hypovitaminosis, against the background of which disturbances in the blood clotting system may occur (vitamin K, which is responsible for the prothrombin time factor, is produced in the cavity of the small intestine);
• anemia and a decrease in the level of protein in the blood plasma leads to fragility, hair loss, and frequent neurological disorders.

At long term this disease can provoke the growth of polyps in the intestinal cavity, which is a predisposing factor to cancer.

With exacerbation of enterocolitis, the clinical picture does not differ in the severity of the manifestation of all signs.

Patients complain of the following symptoms:

• constipation followed by repeated loose stools;
• severe bloating with enhanced peristalsis with pronounced rumbling;
• pain around the navel and in the lower left segment of the abdominal cavity (dull, drawing, passes after defecation);
• impaired performance, headaches, severe weakness, irritability.

With exacerbation of chronic enterocolitis, many patients experience cancerophobia (fear of getting cancer). This is due to toxic damage to the central nervous system.

How to cure enterocolitis and prevent its complications

Before treating enterocolitis, it is necessary to undergo a complete examination of the digestive system. The fact is that the success of therapy is based on the elimination of all pathogenic factors. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the lack of pancreatic enzymes, low acidity gastric juice and impaired bile flow. For this purpose, a series of laboratory research: biochemical blood test, study of the composition of gastric juice and the contents of the gallbladder, ultrasound of the liver, pancreas and FGDS.

Experienced doctors recommend that patients strictly follow the prescribed diet for irritable bowel disease, since therapeutic nutrition- this is the only one real way prevent accompanying pathologies. Complications of enterocolitis may consist not only in disruption of cellular nutrition of the entire body. In places of long-term inflammatory process, cancer cells, which quickly and uncontrollably divide, forming a tumor. This can lead to intestinal obstruction and perforation.

As mentioned above, the basis of treatment is special food. It should be fractional and frequent. The first meal should be taken no later than 1 hour from the moment of awakening. Before each meal, you should drink 1 glass of clean and warm drinking water.

Avoid foods rich in coarse dietary fiber - cabbage, citrus fruits, kohlrabi, coarse cereals. Slimy porridges, jelly compotes, dry bread, vegetable, fish and chicken soups are prescribed. Meat and fish are served steamed or boiled. The diet should contain fruits, vegetables and berries.

Treatment methods for chronic enteritis in adults

Treatment of enterocolitis begins with the formation healthy diet and diet. In case of shortage digestive enzymes recommended for compensatory purposes enzymatic preparations. This could be “Creon 10,000”, “Mezim Forte”, “Panzinorm” and a number of others. It is worth paying attention to the composition intestinal microflora. After conducting the appropriate bacterial research feces, corrective therapy using special biotics can be prescribed. The following drugs can help in the treatment of chronic enterocolitis: “Enterofuril” (prescribed during an exacerbation to suppress pathogenic microflora), “Hilak Forte” (taken for 45-60 days daily), “Linesk”, “Wobenzym” (contains enzymes and enzymes, improves the condition of the intestinal mucosa).

In the treatment of enterocolitis in adults, the leading role is given to symptomatic and regenerative effects. To reduce increased gas formation and flatulence, enterosorbents are prescribed: “Smecta”, “ activated carbon", "Neosmectite". To relieve pain, it is recommended to use “No-shpu”, “Drotaverine hydrochloride”. But these drugs should be taken with restrictions.

therapy methods include balneological spa treatment, application mineral water, mud baths. Great value gastroenterologists focus on exclusion stressful situations and strengthening the nervous system.

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Damage to several nearby sections of the gastrointestinal tract is not uncommon. Digestive system is affected by the same bacteria, which can simultaneously or alternately. One such disease will be discussed in this article..

What is enterocolitis?

What is enterocolitis? This term applies to inflammatory process, which is the small and large intestines. If left untreated, the disease becomes chronic: the symptoms subside, but the disease begins to destroy the deeper layers of the intestinal walls.

According to the form of its course, enterocolitis can be:

1. sharp;
2. chronic.

According to the pathogens that provoke the disease, enterocolitis is of the following types:

• Overeating junk food. Wrong reception food. Dieting.
• Ingestion with food heavy metals, chemicals, poisons.
• An allergic reaction of the body to food.
• Abnormal stool and dehydration, which also provokes irritation.
• Abuse of alcohol and medications.
• Complication of other gastrointestinal diseases: gastroenteritis, colitis, enteritis, etc.
• Abdominal injuries.

Symptoms and signs of enterocolitis of the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines

We will consider the symptoms and signs of enterocolitis of the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines according to the forms of the disease:

1. Spicy:
   • Attacks of abdominal pain, especially after eating.
   • Rumbling and bloating.
   • Nausea.
   • Plaque on the tongue.
   • Possible vomiting.
   • Frequent urge to defecate.
   • Diarrhea (diarrhea).
   • The stool may be mucous and bloody with a foul odor.
   • Pain in the head and muscles.
   • Weakness.
   • High temperature.
2. Chronic:
   • The pain is localized in the navel area or spreads throughout the abdomen.
   • The pain intensifies before defecation, after eating, and during physical activity.
   • Flatulence, bloating.
   • Decreased appetite.
   • Constipation alternates with diarrhea, as with diverticulitis or ileitis.
   • Fatigue.
   • Lethargy.
   • Disruption of the digestion process.
   • Apathy.
   • Weight loss.
   • Weakness.
   • Attention disturbance.

Enterocolitis in children

Enterocolitis is common in children. It usually occurs in children in bacterial form due to the lack of sanitary and hygienic standards for eating, licking fingers, various objects, etc. Children also often transmit the infection to each other. Transmission of bacteria is main factor all gastrointestinal diseases of the child.

Enterocolitis in adults

In adults, of course, enterocolitis also manifests itself. Here common cause is junk food, which people love to eat in large quantities. Women often have diet days when they eat little and then gorge themselves. In men, enterocolitis occurs when working in hazardous industries, as well as when consuming large amounts of fast food.

Diagnostics

If you identify symptoms of the disease, you should urgently contact a gastroenterologist for help. He will diagnose enterocolitis based on existing complaints, upon examination external signs illness, as well as using the following procedures:

• Coprogram (stool analysis).
• Rectoscopy.
• Colonoscopy.
• Tissue biopsy of the affected areas.
• Blood test.
• X-ray examination.

Treatment

Treatment of enterocolitis is carried out depending on the form of the disease.

At home, treatment is carried out only during the recovery stage. The patient continues to follow a diet and take prescribed medications. Recommended after bed rest increase physical activity during the recovery period. Are being added physical exercise. It is recommended to undergo sanatorium treatment.

Life forecast

The prognosis for life is favorable if the patient treats his illness. Recovery occurs within 1-1.5 months. How long do patients live without treatment? It all depends on the complications that the disease gives: thinning of the mucous membrane, chronicity of the disease, disconnection from the digestive process, protein deficiency, blood composition disorder. How long can a person live in this case?

Chronic enterocolitis - an inflammatory-dystrophic disease of the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines - usually occurs with frequent exacerbations. With this disease, the motor (motor) function of the intestine, the digestion of food (with the help of enzymes and microbes), its absorption, the formation and excretion of feces are disrupted.

Symptoms of chronic enterocolitis

Patients complain of symptoms of chronic enterocolitis: dull and cramping pain along the intestines, bloating, rumbling in the abdomen, unstable stools. In some patients, constipation predominates, in others - diarrhea, in others these phenomena alternate. Mucus and sometimes elements are released with stool undigested food, blood. If you notice bleeding, you should consult a doctor immediately.

I advise you to pay attention to the frequency of stool and the nature of stool. This has diagnostic significance and influences the choice of herbal remedies.

With intestinal dyskinesia, the feces are usually bulky or with spiral notches. If the colon is spasmed, the feces are lump-shaped, bean-shaped or cord-shaped, ribbon-shaped.

Fermentative dyspepsia is characterized by yellow feces, with an acute sour smell, spongy or mossy. In those suffering from putrefactive dyspepsia, the stool is brown, darker on the surface, pancake-shaped, with a putrid odor.

To clarify the diagnosis, the patient may be prescribed a bacteriological analysis of stool, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and other methods.

Treatment of chronic enterocolitis with folk remedies

Treatment of chronic enterocolitis folk remedies useful both during the period of exacerbation of the disease and during remission - for the purpose of prevention. And although the doctor prescribes treatment for chronic enterocolitis, it is also useful for the patient to know the most commonly used medicinal plants and their main properties.

Relieve spasms and pain: valerian officinalis (root), chamomile (flowers), peppermint (herb), cumin (fruit), fennel (fruit), marsh grass (herb). They are most effective for pain caused by spasm of the intestinal muscles and increased peristalsis.

If the pain is dull and caused by intestinal bloating, accumulation of gases, then chamomile, peppermint, cumin, St. John's wort (herb), knotweed (herb), garden parsley (herb, fruits), tansy (flowers), sage (flowers) help. , plantain (leaves).

The anti-inflammatory effect is exerted by St. John's wort, common yarrow (herb), flea plantain, shepherd's purse(herb), knotweed (herb), licorice (root), stinging nettle (herb), gray alder (fruits), calamus (root), elecampane (root), galangal (root), orchis (root), motherwort (herb) , motherwort (grass).

Bird cherry fruits, blueberries, pomegranate peels, oak bark, alder cones, sage leaves, chamomile flowers and others have astringent and anti-inflammatory properties.

Flea plantain, chamomile, licorice, St. John's wort, peppermint, gray alder, white birch (buds), burnet (root) and others have an antimicrobial effect.

Accelerate tissue regeneration and help restore immunity: St. John's wort, licorice, plantain, elecampane and other medicinal plants.

To achieve regular bowel movements and soften stool in case of constipation, elderberry (berries), black elderberry (leaves), knotweed (herb), laxative joster (fruit), cassia angustifolia (leaves), licorice, flea plantain, Tunguska rhubarb (root) will help. , buckthorn brittle (bark).

For diarrhea, common oak, knotweed (root), mullein (flowers), burnet, galangal, gray alder, chamomile, sage, lingonberry (leaves), bird cherry (fruit), blueberry ( berries).

Important term complex treatment chronic enterocolitis - diet. During the period of exacerbation, it is prescribed by the doctor individually to each patient. During remission (with chronic enterocolitis it is usually unstable), a normal diet is recommended, but some dishes and products must still be abandoned. Among them are peas, fried meat, spicy and salty dishes, canned food, smoked meats, and pastry.

Chronic enterocolitis with fermentation processes and flatulence

If the patient suffers from chronic enterocolitis with fermentation processes and flatulence, limit milk, foods containing fiber, plant fibers (cabbage, beets, carrots, pumpkin and others), especially in raw form. It is useful for such patients to use as seasonings bay leaf, cloves, pepper (little by little, of course). These spices prevent fermentation processes and have antimicrobial effect. In such cases, infusions and decoctions of mint, chamomile, calendula, barberry, dogwood, rose hips, raspberries, strawberries, and blueberries are also good.

They have a good effect following fees medicinal herbs. 2 parts each of galangal root, mint leaf, chamomile flowers, rose hips, 1 part yarrow herb. Pour 10 g of the collection into 500 ml of boiling water, boil in a water bath for 10 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Take 2/3 cup 3 times a day warm before meals until stool normalizes.

2 parts each of galangal roots, chamomile flowers, 3 parts each of knotweed leaves, plantain, blueberry fruits. Infuse 5 g of collection into 200 ml cold water 6 hours, boil for 5 minutes, cool, squeeze. Drink 200 ml throughout the day in warm sips as a fixative (as needed).

4 parts chamomile flowers, 2 parts plantain leaf, 1 part calendula flowers. Pour 5 g of the collection into 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes. Take 100 ml 2 times a day before meals as a therapeutic and prophylactic. The collection helps to normalize the enzymatic and absorption functions of the intestines.

Chronic enterocolitis with flatulence and cramping pain in the intestines

For chronic enterocolitis with flatulence and spastic pain in the intestines, the following prescription is used. Common fennel fruits, calamus rhizome - 15 g each, valerian root, peppermint leaves - 20 g, chamomile flowers - 30 g. Pour 10 g of the mixture into 200 ml of boiling water, boil in a water bath for 10 minutes, cool, strain, squeeze out the remainder. Drink warm 1/2 - 2/3 glass 3 times a day after meals.

Chronic enterocolitis with dyspepsia

In case of chronic enterocolitis with dyspepsia, during an exacerbation, animal proteins are excluded from the diet; on days 7-10, the doctor prescribes vegetable diet. Apricots, black currants, rowan berries, cranberries, caraway seeds, wormwood, and lemon balm suppress putrefactive processes. The following is very effective medicinal collection: in equal parts, the fruits of burnet, the fruits of gray alder, peppermint, the fruits of caraway seeds, the fruits of fennel, licorice root, the rhizome of snakeweed, chamomile flowers, St. John's wort herb, and the fruits of bird cherry. Pour 10 g of the mixture into 500 ml of boiling water, boil in a water bath for 10 minutes, leave for half an hour. Take 1/3 - 1/2 cup 3 - 4 times a day half an hour before meals for 1 - 2 months.

If you couldn't get your hands on some medicinal plants, don’t worry, prepare an infusion or decoction from the plants that you have, herbal medicine allows this.

For those who have enterocolitis predominantly with CONSTIPATION, during the remission phase it is better to eat foods containing plant fibers: boiled beets, grated raw carrots, pumpkin, prunes, dried apricots, vegetables and fruit juices(diluted with water in a ratio of 1:4) a glass 2 - 3 times a day. Dairy products containing organic acids are also useful: fermented baked milk, yogurt, acidophilus, kefir (fresh, one-day).

As needed, you can take an infusion of the following composition: 6 g alexandria leaf, 5 g each of buckthorn bark, joster fruit, 2 g each of anise fruit and licorice root. Pour 5 g of the collection into 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, take 1/2 cup at night.

If CONSTIPATION IS COMPLICATED BY HEMORRHOIDS, try a mixture of common oak bark, flax seed - 3 parts each, chamomile flowers - 4 parts. Pour 5 g of the mixture into 200 ml of boiling water and leave for half an hour. Drink 1/3 - 3/4 cup of infusion 3 times a day after meals until stool normalizes.

Vitamins for chronic enterocolitis

The patient often experiences ANEMIA, WEAKNESS, especially if he for a long time you have to stick to a diet. Therefore, in case of chronic enterocolitis, it is very important to maintain the vitamin balance of the body. Suppliers of vitamins - blueberries, rose hips, raspberries, diluted pomegranate juices, cranberries, raspberries. I advise you to use the following vitamin collection: equal parts of brown rose hips, common raspberries, and black currant leaves. Pour 1 teaspoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for half an hour. Drink 1/2 glass 2 times a day for 2 - 3 weeks.

Often, patients with enterocolitis begin to take antibacterial agents and sulfonamides without a doctor’s prescription. You should not do this: this can lead to disruption of the microflora, the development of intestinal dysbiosis, and aggravate the course of the disease. Antibacterial agents indicated only for increased body temperature, inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes, increased pain, increased frequency of diarrhea, changes in the blood picture, increase in ESR. And then the doctor himself will prescribe you necessary medications. In other cases, one should limit oneself to a diet and a set of medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and astringent effects.

As prescribed by your doctor, you can use enzyme preparations that improve digestion (such as festal).

Treatment of enterocolitis requires a lot of patience. Often the disease has an adverse effect on nervous system. Patients with severe flatulence are characterized by excitability, irritability, and irascibility. With intestinal atony, apathy, lack of appetite, headache. Knowing the cause of these phenomena, you should try not to succumb to negative emotions, to tune yourself to a cheerful, optimistic worldview, and not to “sink” into illness. And herbal medicine will help you with this too. Do not hesitate to tell your doctor about your condition. He will find remedies that will remove or significantly reduce the manifestations of the disease.

Zamotaev I.P., professor