Regulatory and legal framework for the adaptation of urban infrastructure facilities for people with disabilities. Ramps for disabled people: law, norms and requirements SNIp disabled people new

Ramps are necessary to ensure that people with disabilities, including those in wheelchairs, have access to buildings on an equal basis with healthy people, and the opportunity to use all services without experiencing restrictions. According to the regulations, a building must have at least one entrance adapted for people with disabilities.

Regulations

The rules for installing ramps for disabled people in public and residential buildings, their appearance, length, width are regulated by the following documents.

SNiP 01/35/2001

This is a regulatory document from 2001, which was replaced in 2012 by a more current version, but has not lost force. This SNiP regulates the accessibility of buildings for people with limited mobility.

According to this standard, for the movement of wheelchairs the angle of inclination should be no more than 5%, and when descending from the sidewalk to a pedestrian crossing, the height difference should not exceed 4 cm. If slopes, stairs and other elements of buildings do not meet these requirements, the installation of ramps is necessary.

Ramps must be made of non-combustible materials; they are made straight, except in cases where this is impossible, then screw structures are allowed. Before inclined slopes, the floor is painted with contrasting paint or made corrugated at a distance of 60 cm.

To prevent stroller wheels from slipping, inclined slopes are equipped with 5 cm high sides or guardrails.

The rise (one flight) should be no more than 80 cm in height with an inclination angle of no more than 8%. If the height difference is small (no more than 20 cm), then a slope of up to 10% is allowed.

If one-way traffic is intended, then the width of the ramp should be more than 1 m (recommended 1.5 m).

SP 59.13330.2012

This document (set of rules) is an edition or a more current version of the above-mentioned SNiP. It specifies slightly different standards, for example, the slope of ramps should be no more than 5%. The length of the march should not exceed 9 m, and the total length of the inclined rise should be 36 m (3 m in height). If you need to climb to a great height, then you need to make lifts. The cross slope should not be more than 2%.

Also according to this document, in some cases the angle of inclination may be greater:

• for temporary structures and objects, as well as ramps in public buildings, the slope can be up to 1:12 (8%), if the height difference does not exceed 50 cm and the length of the inclined slope does not exceed 6 m;
• 1:10 (10%) if the height difference is no more than 20 cm.

The height difference is considered between horizontal platforms.

Important! SNiP has priority over SP, therefore, if the order does not stipulate that construction should be carried out according to the standards of SP 59.13330.2012, then the developer must refer to SNiP 35-01-2001.

This joint venture also stipulates ramps at pedestrian ground, underground and overpasses. At ground crossings, curb ramps must be equipped on both sides. Overground and underground passages must also be equipped with ramps. The surface of the ramps is covered with non-slip materials.

Ramps and stairs should have comfortable handrails, the distance between which is 0.9-1 m. On both sides of the ramps for disabled people, fences are made at a height of 85-92 cm and 70 cm. Also, wheel chocks should be provided on intermediate platforms and at ramps, their height should be 0.1 m.

Horizontal platforms are made at the ends of the structures. Their width should be at least 150*150 cm. In areas with heavy traffic, a larger area is needed - 210*210 cm.

Inclined slopes for strollers are marked with texture or bright colors, highlighting their beginning and end. Where the angle of inclination of the surface changes, a light source with a brightness of 100 lux is provided at ground level.

As for ramps for disabled people in public buildings, they are subject to the same dimensional requirements. Horizontal platforms are made every 8-9 m; they are also necessary if the direction of movement changes. These platforms are made at least 1.5 m in size in the direction of movement for the straight version of the ramp and 2 m for the screw version.

Ramps must be equipped with handrails protruding beyond the inclined slope by 0.3 m. The handrails are made round, 4-6 cm thick, with safe ends. There should be at least 4.5 cm from the handrail to the smooth wall, and 6 cm to the rough wall. On the outer surfaces of the railing or on the upper surfaces of the railing there are raised signs warning about the end of the handrail.

GOST R 51261-99

This standard was adopted in 1999; it regulates support devices for disabled people in public and residential buildings and in transport. It lists the types of these devices and describes their requirements.

According to this document, handrails are provided on ramps for disabled people using wheelchairs. They are necessary if there is a rise with a height of more than 150 mm or a march projection of more than 180 cm.

Also, at the beginning and end of the inclined descent, horizontal platforms with a length of at least 30 cm are provided.

How to understand the designations in the standards? The height difference of 1:20 is the ratio of the height of the rise to its projection, as in the figure. It can also be expressed as a percentage, then the slope is 5%. The angle of inclination is also specified in degrees, but in practice this is inconvenient. The first two methods are used most often.

Kinds

Ramps can be:

• stationary,
• removable.

Stationary structures can be fixed, that is, non-removable. They are usually located outside public and residential buildings and built into the staircase.

There are also folding options, usually they are installed in entrances. They are attached to the wall and unfolded if necessary. When folded, such a ramp is held in place by a metal latch.

In public transport you can find retractable models. Modern ramps of this type are equipped with an automatic unfolding and folding system; to use them, just press a button.

Removable versions can also be arranged in different ways. This

• telescopic - they can be adjusted in length, but such options are bulky and difficult to unfold and assemble alone;
• ramp - more mobile varieties, they are easier to unfold, they are compact and weigh little;
• roll ramps - they can be rolled up and easily transported in a car.

Requirements for structures

Entrance area

According to the requirements, ramps are equipped with horizontal entrance platforms of a certain size. SP 30-102-99 describes its parameters:

• width - not less than 185 cm;
• depth - 1.4 m for doors that open into the house, and 1.5 m for doors that open outwards;
• the platform for turning a wheelchair is at least 220 cm wide.

Another regulatory document - SP 59.13330.2012 - imposes other requirements for the entrance area in terms of its size and equipment:

• there should be a canopy over the platform;
• In winter, if possible, the site should be heated;
• if the door opens outward, then the platform must have dimensions of at least 140*200 or 150*185 cm;
• the platform is made at least 220*220 cm in size.

Dimensions

Ramps for disabled people must be installed when the height difference is more than 1.5 cm. According to requirements, inclined slopes for wheelchairs are equipped on all stairs. If the height is more than 3 m, instead of ramps for the movement of disabled people, lifting devices are made.

The height of the ramp flight is made no more than 0.8 m. A side 5 cm high or a metal tube at a height of 10-15 cm is installed along the edge of the structure. If one-way traffic is expected along the ramp, then its width should be from 1.5 m, and if two-way - from 1.8 m (optimal width - 2 m).

Slope

According to the standards, the slope of the ramp for disabled people should not be more than 10%, in some cases - up to 15-18%. The longitudinal slope (as shown in the picture) should not exceed 10 degrees. Ramps are not installed on the stairs - it will be impossible to climb up such a “slide”.

Double-track options are convenient only where they are used by one person, for example, in a private house. In public buildings, where any stroller should be able to pass, continuous inclined slopes are made. If you need to make steps in the middle to lift a person who is helping a disabled person, then the tracks are wide, since different models of strollers have different distances between the wheels.

The dimensions of the structure can be easily calculated using the Pythagorean theorem. If the height difference H and the projection length of the inclined descent L are known, then we find the length of the ramp itself as the square root of H^2+L^2. Having found the length of the ramp, you can understand whether it is necessary to make horizontal platforms for it.

Installation Rules

To install a ramp in residential buildings, the consent of residents is not required. Every person with a disability has the right to a safer and more accessible space.

Other objects, such as billboards, must not be installed so that they block the entrance to the wheelchair ramp.

If a ramp is installed in a house, it should not start immediately from the entrance door of the apartment. There is a horizontal platform between it and the door.

It is not always possible to install ramps in public places and residential buildings in accordance with the regulations. Then you have to make them in violation of the rules, but the minimum design requirements must be observed:

• width - at least 85-90 cm;
• there must be handrails and barriers;
• a slope of 5% is allowed, a maximum of 18% (allowed only if it is not possible to make a smaller slope);
• the maximum march length with a slope exceeding 10% is 7 m.

Handrails are installed on the inside of the flight. They must be continuous along each section of the route.

Call buttons

If it is not possible to install a stationary structure, use folding versions. Then, buttons are installed in public buildings with which you can call an employee to deploy a ramp and help a disabled person get into or out of the building.

These buttons also have certain requirements:

• place them at a height of 85-100 cm;
• there should be at least 40 cm from the protruding parts of the porch or stairs;
• placed in such a way that a person in a wheelchair is visible from the building;
• covered with a protective anti-vandal casing;
• marked with the “Disabled” pictogram;
• operating voltage - 220 V.

Responsibility for incorrect installation

According to the law, officials and legal entities are responsible for the incorrect installation of ramps and the lack of barrier-free access for people with disabilities.

If regulatory requirements are violated during installation, the structures are dismantled.

Officials who fail to provide access to public buildings for people with limited mobility are subject to a fine of up to 3,000 rubles.

Legal entities pay a fine of 20 to 30 thousand rubles.

Poorly provided barrier-free access services are subject to a fine of up to 50,000 rubles.

Conclusion

With the help of ramps and other structures, it is possible to provide people with limited mobility with the opportunity to comfortably use residential and public buildings. There are certain standards for the installation of such structures, described in SNiPs, GOSTs and other documents.

In order to design buildings and structures with wheelchair access in mind, you need to know:
- dimensions of the wheelchair;
- parameters of a disabled person in a wheelchair.

In Russia, the majority of disabled people, both at home and on the street, usually use a so-called “room” wheelchair for movement (Fig. 4.1). The width of the indoor stroller, which most adult disabled people prefer to use, is about 620 mm. It is a stroller of this width that, with great difficulty, but still enters a narrow passenger elevator (usually installed in 9-story buildings). The maximum width of the stroller is 670 mm. The maximum length of the stroller is 1100 mm.
Thus, The dimensions of an indoor stroller without a person are 670x1100 mm.
The dimensions of an indoor stroller with a person are slightly larger. The width of the stroller itself is determined by the distance between the rims on the wheels. Since the indoor stroller is driven by the hands of a disabled person pushing the rim, additional space for hands is required on the sides of the stroller, about 50 mm on each side (Fig. 4.2). The width of an indoor stroller with a person will be 770 mm. If, when designing doors, we focus only on the stroller width of 670 mm, then the stroller will fit through the door, but the disabled person must be careful in the doors so as not to scratch or damage their hands. The length of an indoor stroller with a person will also be larger due to the feet protruding beyond the footrest.
Some disabled people use another stroller to go outside - a stroller (lever), which is also driven by the hands of the disabled person, but not by the rims, but with the help of special mechanical devices-levers (see photo 4.1). The dimensions and weight of a stroller are larger than that of an indoor stroller.

The dimensions of the stroller without a person are 703x1160 mm.
The size of a stroller, being wider, will be taken as the dimensions of a standard wheelchair without a person.
In order for a disabled person in a wheelchair to feel more or less comfortable and not touch walls and jambs when moving, he needs sufficient area to accommodate a wheelchair: approximately 850x1200 mm.
However, sometimes this zone may not be enough. For example, some disabled people cannot move on their own. This means that it is necessary to provide an additional area for the accompanying person behind the stroller. Disabled people who, although they use a stroller, can stand on their feet, need a free area in front of the stroller. The parameters of the comfortable zone for placing a wheelchair will be at least 900x1500.

I would like to immediately warn you that the terminology “sufficient zone” and “comfortable zone” for placing a wheelchair is not used in the regulatory literature, but was invented by me for the convenience of explanation. The purpose of all these arguments is to explain why in the normative literature the same parameters are presented with different numbers. In my opinion, this is determined only by the subjective position of the authors of the standards. Having received the necessary knowledge, you will be able to have your own opinion in each specific case. This is especially important when reconstructing buildings, when the ability of architects to provide access for people with disabilities is very limited.

Thus, to design buildings and structures taking into account the characteristics of disabled people using a wheelchair, the following parameters can be used:

The width of corridors and passages must be sufficient for the free movement of disabled people using wheelchairs. The width of passage zones for various types of traffic is presented in Table 4.1

This table is an attempt at a logical generalization of the existing regulatory literature, in which the logic of the numbers is completely (!) absent, since the passage zones are represented by a wide variety of numbers. But what is important is that “the width of the ramp must correspond to the basic parameters of the passages” (“Recommendations…Issue 1”, p. 21). That is why there was a need to create a unified table. I think it will help you in each specific case determine the required width of the passage area, corridor or designed ramp. But we must remember one rule:
The minimum width of the corridor in which a wheelchair can turn or turn around is at least 1200 mm.
With a local narrowing of the passage, it is possible to reduce its width to 0.85 m.
What is "local narrowing of the passage"? For example, two sections of a corridor are separated by a wall. The width of each corridor is 1500 mm. The corridors are connected by an open opening in the wall. Its width can be 850 mm.
Please note that the table shows the width of the passage zones clean. Objects and devices (mailboxes, payphone shelters, information boards, etc.) placed on the walls of buildings, structures or on individual structures, as well as protruding elements and parts of buildings and structures should not reduce the space required for the passage and maneuvering of the chair - strollers. No obstacle in the corridors should block the minimum required passage width. Otherwise, it is necessary to expand the width of the sidewalk path or corridor, taking into account possible obstacles.
On pages 42–45 you can see an example of an illiterately installed information board that blocks access to a ramp for a disabled person in a wheelchair, and get acquainted with an example of the thoughtless installation of a garbage container that prevents a disabled person in a wheelchair from approaching the call button.
When turning a sidewalk, hallway, ramp, etc., by 90°, the minimum required wheelchair turning zone, given in the Wheelchair Turning Zones section, must be observed. In dead-end areas of pedestrian paths and corridors, it is necessary to ensure that the wheelchair can turn 180°.
The height of the passage to the bottom of protruding structures must be at least 2.1 m.
Approaches to equipment and furniture must be at least 0.9 m wide, and if it is necessary to turn the wheelchair 90°, at least 1.2 m wide.
When arranging equipment in the sales area, it is necessary to leave aisles between shelves of at least 0.9 meters.
If trade is carried out using a self-service system, then at the entrance the width of one of the turnstiles must be sufficient for the entry of a disabled person in a wheelchair. At the exit, the width of the passage near at least one of the checkout checkpoints must be at least 1.1 m (the minimum allowable width is 0.9 m). The design plane of this cash register must be located at a height not exceeding 0.8 m from the floor level.
In clothing stores, at least one of the fitting rooms must be at least 0.9 meters wide and 1.2–1.5 meters deep. But these are minimum standards. SP 31-102-99 recommends designing a fitting cabin with dimensions of at least: area - 2.0 x 1.7 sq.m., height - 2.1 m, in order to provide disabled people with the necessary level of comfort. It would be good to remember to place a chair in all fitting booths (or near them), which will be needed not only by people with disabilities on crutches, but also by ordinary people. And several hooks at different heights will provide customers with an indispensable service. In fitting rooms for disabled people, it is necessary to provide unbreakable mirrors or provide shockproof protection for the lower part of the mirror to a height of 0.3 m.
I would like to recommend using folding seats more widely (in elevators, telephone booths, showers, etc.). They create additional convenience for people using canes and crutches, but do not reduce the space required for maneuvering a wheelchair user.
Near tables, counters and other service areas, near wall-mounted devices and devices used by visitors with limited mobility, a free space of at least 0.9 x 1.5 m should be provided.
In other words, it is always necessary to provide free approach zone(to the phone, to the ramp, to the door, to the fitting room, etc.).
The width of galleries, as well as balconies and loggias (in sanatoriums, hotels, etc.) must be at least 1.5 meters in clearance. Residential premises of specialized residential buildings and territorial social service centers should be designed with balconies (loggias) with a depth of at least 1.4 m.

4.3. Wheelchair turning areas

The dimensions of the space for turning a wheelchair are based on the parameters of a disabled person in a wheelchair.
I have systematized all the available variety of numbers that determine the parameters of the space for maneuvering wheelchairs in the form of table 4.2 for ease of use. I note that the names of the zones in the table are not normative, but were proposed by me to give the table logical completeness.

Depending on the specific situation, various options for arranging a platform for maneuvering a stroller in front of the entrance door to a building or room are possible. The dimensions of these areas depend not only on the type of entrance doors and the direction of their opening, but also on the direction of the entrances to the doors. When designing, you need to remember the dimensions of a disabled person in a wheelchair (850 x 1200 mm) and know the requirements for the depth of platforms and vestibules (SNiP 2.08.02-89*, clause 4.7.):
The depth of the space for maneuvering a wheelchair in front of the door when opening “from yourself” must be at least 1.2 m, and when opening “toward” – at least 1.5 m.
Therefore, we can derive the “golden rule” for all occasions:
The depth of the area in front of the front door and the depth of the vestibule cannot be less than 1.2 m.
I will immediately note that such depth is necessary not only for maneuvering disabled people in wheelchairs, but also for ordinary people. Let's look at this with specific examples.
If the depth of the narrow platform in front of the front door is only 600 mm, and the swing door leaf is 900 mm, then the person opening the door must first climb the steps to the landing, and then, opening the door and backing away, go down (!) one or two steps, since the door leaf of the open door will actually hang over the upper steps of the stairs. But what about a baby stroller if a woman with a small child is climbing the stairs? From this we can conclude: the depth and width of the area in front of the front door should be no less than the width of the door leaf to be opened (Fig. 4.3).

To ensure that on such a narrow platform (Fig. 4.3) a person does not have to go back down the steps when opening the doors, the depth of the platform should be further increased by approximately 300 mm (Fig. 4.4). The total depth of the site will be 1200 mm.
But this deeper platform also has a significant drawback. It consists in the fact that when opening the doors, a person will still have to move back along the platform. To solve these problems, it is necessary to expand the site from the door handle.
In Fig. Figure 4.5 shows unacceptable and correct options for installing doors. The minimum distance from the door to the corner must be at least 300 mm. This area is enough to accommodate an ordinary person to the side of the door.
If a door located at a distance of 300 mm from the corner will be opened by a disabled person in a wheelchair, then the depth of the platform should be greater - at least 1700 mm!
You can increase the distance from the corner to the door to 500 mm. Then, for maneuvering the wheelchair, the usual platform depth of 1500 mm will be sufficient. That is why, probably, the standards do not mention 300 mm, but talk about 500 mm, but in a slightly different form:
For doors located in the corner of a corridor or room, the distance from the handle to the side wall must be at least 0.6 m.

Thus, the dimensions of the area in front of the entrance should be the same as in Fig. 4.6.
The minimum area of ​​vestibules at entrances to buildings and structures should be set in accordance with the possibility of unimpeded passage and turning of a disabled person in a wheelchair. The dimensions of the vestibule depend on the location of the doors and the direction of their opening.
In Fig. 4.7 shows, as an example, the dimensions of the vestibule when the door inside the vestibule is opened towards itself. If you want to reduce the distance from the door to the wall from 500 to 300 mm, then you will have to increase the depth of the vestibule by 300 mm to 1800–2000 mm. The dimensions of entrance platforms when both stairs and a ramp are installed at the entrance are discussed in the “Ramps” section.

The doors of apartments, elevators and buildings often become a “bottleneck” in the path of movement of a disabled person in a wheelchair. To overcome them, you have to carry a disabled person with outside help in your arms, and carry the stroller in a disassembled or “compressed” form. This is due to the dimensions of the wheelchair (see "Dimensions of the stroller").
In order to correctly understand the door requirements contained in the regulatory documentation, let us dwell in more detail on very important concepts that designers often confuse with each other:
Width of doorway in wall
Width of the door leaf installed in the doorway
Doorway is clean
Let's look at these concepts using the example of installing a single-leaf swing door.
To install a door, you need to make a doorway in the wall.
Rice. 6.1 For example, take doorway width 1000 mm.
Rice. 6.2 After installing the door frame, the clearance decreases by approximately 100 mm.
Rice. 6.3 door leaf width in this box will actually not exceed 900 mm.
Rice. 6.4 The actual width of the space that a wheelchair user will receive will be 800–850 mm. The thicker the swing door, the less free space will remain. This free space is the doorway is clean. It is this concept (do not confuse it with others!) that is used in the regulatory literature to determine the permissible door sizes.
Clear doorway (synonyms: Clear door width, door clearance) is the actual width of the doorway with the door leaf open at 90° (if the door is hinged) or the door completely open (if the door is sliding, like in an elevator).
Today, designers do not adhere to any GOST standards for doors. Usually the project determines the location and size of the opening for the future door. The door itself is made to order, which specifically specifies its configuration. That’s why the designer must correctly calculate the width of the opening in the wall for the door being installed and clearly define its configuration (how many panels, what size).
Entrance doors to buildings and premises that can be used by disabled people must have a clear width of at least 0.9 m.
Now you understand how wide this door is. In order to install a swing door that meets regulatory requirements, the opening in the wall should not even be 1000 mm, as in our example, but 1050–1100 mm.
On the one hand, such a wide door is really convenient for people with disabilities, since a wheelchair fits through it easily, with a large “margin”. There is no danger of scratching your hands on door jambs (a common injury for a disabled person).
On the other hand, the doors and jambs will remain intact, without scratches or damage from the metal parts of the wheelchair.
But, in my opinion, this standard is somewhat exaggerated. Such a wide door is appropriate in a large shopping or business center, cinema and concert hall, but somehow it does not fit into the framework of ordinary life.
It should be noted that there is a small clue in this situation.
Thus, in “Recommendations... Issue 1” and in the album of H. Yu. Kalmet, a slightly smaller clear door width is established - no less than 0.85 m.
If we rely on this figure, then the previously discussed example with a doorway width in the wall of 1000 mm can serve as a model for calculations.
It should also be noted that in VSN 62-91* the clear width of the elevator car doorway is set to be the same - at least 0.85 m.
Now let's try to evaluate the door standard using the example of standard doors (Table 6.0), usually installed in apartments of residential buildings.
As we see, even the largest door D21-9 does not meet the standard, since it is not “enough” in width by 100–150 mm (which is 15 cm!). It turns out that none of these doors can be installed in the building?! A paradoxical situation.
Now let's look at this situation from the other side - from the consumer's point of view. Let’s look again at the “Wheelchair Dimensions” section and answer the question: which wheelchairs and which door actually fit through?

In Russia, the majority of disabled people, both at home and on the street, use their only indoor wheelchair. And only a small part of disabled people transfer to another stroller - a stroller (lever) - to go outside. This is due to its large dimensions and heavy weight.

Width indoor stroller, on which the majority of adult disabled people prefer to travel is approximately 620 mm. It is a stroller of this width that with great difficulty, but still enters the door of the passenger elevator. The maximum width of the stroller is 670 mm, but, as a rule, disabled people try to narrow it down as much as possible.
The dimensions of the stroller are 703 mm.
These numbers (620-670-703 mm) determine the minimum permissible door clearance.
Thus, we can characterize each door in terms of wheelchair accessibility:
door D21-9 – strollers and strollers are included (although the stroller will most likely scratch the door jamb);
door D21-8 - most indoor strollers will still “slip” (although the jambs can be “hooked” and your hands can be damaged by negligence);
door D21-7 – not a single stroller can enter.
What conclusions can be drawn from this?
We must once and for all forget about the existence of door D21-7, because it is not a door, but a narrow gap into which not only a disabled person in a wheelchair cannot pass, but also a fat person cannot squeeze through.
We inherited this door from the small-sized “Khrushchev apartments,” but for some reason we stubbornly cling to this anachronism. But this door is inconvenient not only for disabled people, but also for ordinary people. When it is installed in a pantry or on a balcony, a domestic winter baby stroller cannot pass through this door. Families with infants have to keep one stroller in the hallway and place a second one on the balcony for the baby to sleep in the fresh air.
Even if you are doing a project that does not require disabled access, forget about that door! Replace it with door D21-8. The difference is only 10 (!) cm, and the quality characteristics of the building or room are improved by an order of magnitude.
It is possible and necessary to install D21-9 doors where it is necessary to provide access for a disabled person in a wheelchair. If installing a D21-9 door is technically impossible, as an exception it is permissible to replace it with a D21-8 door.
Of course, when a project is being carried out for the construction of a new public building (shop, library, cinema hall, clinic, etc.), it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the standard and ensure that on the paths of movement of a wheelchair user the clear width of all doors is at least 0.9 m, including doors to specialized toilet stalls for the disabled. Then the building will be spacious, the door frames will be intact, and the wheelchair users will be happy.
But when it comes to reconstruction existing building, redevelopment of a residential apartment on the 1st floor into a store, o construction of a standard panel residential building, one must proceed from real possibilities and focus on the minimum permissible door clearance given above. This may be one of the standard doors, or it may be a door made to individual sizes.
If you install the D21-9 door, you will thereby provide access to almost all wheelchair users.

If in a specific reconstruction project or project for the construction of a standard panel residential building you manage to replace the D21-7 door not with a D21-9, but only with a D21-8, then this will also be a small victory. And the majority of disabled people in wheelchairs will be happy about this victory.
We invite you to compare door standards in Russia and the UK (Table 6.1)
Unlike Russia, where uniform standards for doors are established, in the UK building codes and regulations ("Building Regulations") entrance doors are divided into external and internal.
Now let's try to solve a small problem.
The width of the doorway in the wall is 1500 mm.
What kind of swing door will you install to provide access for disabled people: a symmetrical double-leaf door or a one-and-a-half-leaf door? The answers are shown in Fig. 6.5 and 6.6.

It would seem, what's the difference? After all, the second canvas can be opened. The fact of the matter is that it is usually closed. This means that a wheelchair user will have to fuss every time (!) and look for someone to discover his soul mate. It's good if it works. What if the latch on the door is broken and the door leaf is simply nailed shut in Russian style?
Now imagine that a disabled person needs to leave the entrance, visit several shops, a pharmacy, and return home during the day. And every time on his way there will be these narrow halves, reminding the disabled person of his inferiority, inferiority and dependence on others.
Is it convenient for you to squeeze through this narrow half of the door, which in winter for some reason people are forced to enter and exit at the same time, causing crowds?
A symmetrical double door can be designed if the opening in the wall is at least 1900–2000 mm (Fig. 6.7), and the clear width of each leaf is at least 850–900 mm.
Unfortunately, neither VSN 62-91* nor other standards contain a clear formulation of how to properly design double doors.
However, this rule exists in world practice.
The requirements for double doors are in the sketches of H. Yu. Kalmet. They are also presented in the sketches of “Recommendations... (Issue 1)” on page 17.
Let's try to formulate this rule so that it is universal:
The width of at least one of the door leaves must be at least 900–950 mm. As a rule, the doors are not symmetrical, but one-and-a-half.
The same we can say in other words: The clear opening of at least one of the door panels should be at least 850–900 mm. As a rule, the doors are not symmetrical, but one-and-a-half.
We have already discussed the minimum acceptable level to which these figures can be reduced during the reconstruction of an existing building, the redevelopment of a residential apartment on the 1st floor into a store, the construction of a standard panel residential building and in other similar cases.

When developing a project, the designer must:
- clearly set the direction of opening of each of the single-leaf doors of a building or room (right or left door hinge);
- if the door is double-leaf, then indicate which leaf will be working, based on the specific situation.
It is a common occurrence when designers do not pay attention to the direction of door opening, considering it a “trifle”. But in architecture there are no trifles. It is this “trifle” that can sharply worsen the level of comfort of the room, and for some categories of disabled people – make it inaccessible.
In Fig. 6.8 and 6.9, in a fairly typical side entrance from the street to the building, two different options for the direction of door opening are presented. Let's say this is a grocery store.
In Fig. 6.8 The doors are installed so that when opened:
- create interference for ordinary visitors, reducing the space for their movement and complicating the trajectory of their movement;
- when counter-flows of people move in zones 1 and 2, places of congestion and accumulation of visitors are formed;
- it is very likely that people will be injured by a sharply opened door;
- if the store security tries to bring a disabled person in a wheelchair inside, then it will either be extremely difficult to get around the door inside a small vestibule, or they will not be able to do it at all.
In Fig. 6.9 doors are installed conveniently for visitors. Note that in the one-and-a-half-fold door leading into the sales area, the small open door blocks much less space in the way of customers. Since usually the small canvas is non-working and is constantly closed, the actual flow of people will follow the shortest path.
Let's consider another example: the doors in the vestibule are installed offset relative to each other.
Figures 6.10 and 6.11 show two opposing solutions for opening doors. The conclusion is obvious: in the first option for installing doors (Fig. 6.10), a disabled person in a wheelchair will not get into the building.

Sad experience shows that very often builders, instead of installing doors as provided by the project (Fig. 6.11), arbitrarily change the design solution and install the door, as in Fig. 6.10. They do not understand why two identical doors installed one behind the other should open differently. Gentlemen architects! Provide designer supervision over the construction of your facility. Explain to builders why the door should open in this direction and not the other. This is the only way you will be able to win the builders over to your side and eradicate this typical construction error.
In Fig. 6.12 shows another typical option for installing entrance doors. Pay attention to the location of the main working door leaves (wide) and the direction of their opening. Since during the cold season visitors are forced to pass through the vestibule not in a straight line, but diagonally, it is important that the working leaf of the vestibule doors opens towards the wall. This will be convenient for visitors and will allow a disabled person in a wheelchair to pass through the vestibule.
Directions for opening doors in toilets and in the presence of a ramp at the entrance to the building are discussed in the relevant sections.
Open openings in the wall must have a clear width of at least 0.9 m.
A wide door installed indoors does not guarantee that a wheelchair user will get through it. For example, on the way to the toilet, a disabled person must pass through an open opening in the wall (such as an arch). If in a remodeling project the designer widened the door to the toilet but forgot to widen that open opening, money will be wasted. In my opinion, there is practically no difficulty in meeting this requirement, and there is no point in trying to reduce this figure. Although, in fairness, it is worth saying that in “Recommendations...Issue 1” an opening size of 0.85 m wide is allowed.
Doors to buildings and premises on the routes of movement of disabled people should not have thresholds, and if their installation is necessary, the height of the threshold should not exceed 2.5 cm.
For comparison, in the UK the height of thresholds should not exceed 1.3 cm.
In modern door packages like European ones, the thresholds are really minimal. In this regard, a certain problem arose.
As a rule, in all stores in Yekaterinburg, a special covering is laid on the floor near the entrance doors - a mat (such as a "brush", etc.) for wiping feet and preventing slipping. Usually, they prefer to lay rugs inside the vestibule. However, with minimal thresholds, the mat will prevent the door from opening inside the vestibule.
To avoid this, the designer and the owner of the future facility should discuss this issue and, if necessary, provide in the design a small recess in the floor of the vestibule for the future rug (such as a niche for iron gratings in the floor). The depth of this niche should be determined based on the height of the specific covering chosen by the owner (approximately 1 cm). The main thing is not to overdo it, otherwise an unplanned hole will appear in the floor of the vestibule if the niche turns out to be too deep or the owner decides to replace the rug with another one. The niche can be made along the entire width of the vestibule or along the width of the working surface if the doors are double-leaf (Fig. 6.13). It should be noted that a rug placed in a niche does not slide on the floor. This prevents people from falling.

The opposite actions (that is, increasing the thresholds inside the vestibule to solve the problem) are unacceptable, since there really will be no thresholds inside the vestibule after laying the mat, but the difference in heights in front of the vestibule and after the vestibule will increase, that is:
- the threshold between the platform at the outer entrance door and the vestibule;
- the threshold between the vestibule and the floor level in the sales area.
The use of doors on swinging hinges and “revolving” doors on the paths of movement of disabled people is not allowed. It is recommended to equip doors with special devices for fixing the door leaf in the “closed” and “open” positions.
If there is control at the entrance, the required number of control devices should be provided, adapted for the passage of various categories of disabled people.
For example, at the entrance to the metro or stadium, narrow turnstiles are often installed. In addition to standard turnstiles, it is necessary to provide others that ensure the unhindered movement of different categories of people with limited mobility (including wheelchair users).
Doors are recommended to be folding or sliding doors with automatic opening.
Opening or closing automatic or semi-automatic doors should occur no faster than 5 seconds, so as not to knock down a slowly moving disabled person. When designing glass automatically opening doors, it is necessary to provide for their bright marking at a height of 1.5 m from the floor level.
Entrance doors to buildings should include viewing panels made of impact-resistant glass, the lower part of which should be located no higher than 0.9 m from the floor level. Tempered or reinforced glass should be used as door glazing. The lower part of the door leaves to a height of 0.3 m must be protected with an impact-resistant strip.
Inspection panels in the doors provide visibility and thereby create safety conditions for a disabled person approaching the door. If there are no panels in the doors, then, for example, a disabled person on crutches can easily be knocked down by a sharply opened door.
Door handles should have a surface that is easy to grasp with your hand and allow you to easily open the door with the movement of your hand or forearm.
The maximum force for opening and closing the door should be no more than 2.5 kg.
Doors that are opened with great force are a serious problem for people with disabilities on crutches and wheelchair users. It is impossible or unsafe for them to open such doors without outside help.

Ramps for disabled people must meet many requirements. For example, have a certain width and slope of the structure, and also be equipped with railings of a prescribed shape. These and other important points are regulated by SNiP - building codes and regulations.

Terminology

SNiP uses many names for certain things. Therefore, for greater clarity and understanding of the document, it is worth defining the following terms:

Types of ramps

All sites for disabled people can be divided into 2 categories:

The first type is usually stored in a special room. If necessary, removable products are brought and installed on the stairs. Accordingly, after lifting, the structures are put back into storage. Among such products are:

Stationary models are also divided into several types:

Regulations

As mentioned above, dimensions, slope and other important points are regulated by building codes and regulations (hereinafter referred to as SNiP). Requirements for structures for disabled people are established by the following regulatory documents:

Requirements for the entrance area

Installing one structure is not enough. It is also necessary to take into account the size of the entrance area (for example, the top of the porch). The parameters of the standard site and other important points are described in SP 30-102-99. According to this document, entrance structures must have the following dimensions:

The main requirement for the entrance area is to ensure the ability to move wheelchairs with maximum comfort. For this reason, its area should be sufficient to rotate or move the chair. To ensure comfortable movement for people with disabilities, another standard was developed - SP 59.13330.2012. This regulatory document establishes other requirements for entrance areas. In particular:

General requirements

A certain slope, a fixed width of the ramp and equipping it with handrails are the main points that must be taken into account when designing the structure. But, in addition to this, products must meet other, no less important requirements. In particular:

It is also worth noting the following:

• all external stairs must be equipped with a ramp;
• inclined slopes should be installed with a height difference of 1.5 cm;
• if the height of the structure is more than 300 cm, instead of an inclined descent it is necessary to install a lifting device;
• there should be no obstacles on the way to the ramp (cars, billboards, trash cans, etc.).

Lift for disabled people:

Basic requirements for ramps

As mentioned above, ramps for the disabled must meet many requirements. The main ones are the dimensions of the structure, the angle of inclination, as well as the shape and height of the fences.

Dimensions

The length and height of the structure are interrelated quantities. The higher the device, the longer the length will be. The only constant value is the width, which must remain constant throughout the entire device. According to SP 59.13330.2012, ramps must have the following parameters:

It is also worth noting the concepts of “net” and “total” width. The first term refers to the distance from one side of the inclined platform to the other. The total width is the distance between the protruding handrails of the structure. Therefore, when designing a descent, it is necessary to use the “general” width.

Slope calculation

Slope is the ratio of the length and width of the structure. This parameter is calculated using the formula: U=H/L, where H is the height, L is the length of the product. In this case, the resulting value should not exceed the maximum slope described in SP 59.13330.2012. According to this document, the maximum values ​​are as follows:

For example, you need to install a structure 100 cm long between two points located at a height of 0 and 10 cm. To calculate the inclination, you can use the formula: = 0.1 cm. In other words, you get the values: 1:10 = 10% = 1°, which fully complies with the established requirements.

In some cases, a non-standard slope is allowed:

• 1:12 (8% or 4.8°) - for temporary products (for example, during reconstruction or renovation of a house) with a height of no more than 50 cm with a distance between platforms of no more than 600 cm;
• 1:10 (10% or 5.7°) – with a structure height of no more than 20 cm.

It is worth noting that the stairs have a greater slope, so installing a ramp on them is pointless. Firstly, such a design will not comply with the rules described above. And secondly, it will be impossible to climb a ramp with an angle of 30-40°.

Fencing

To increase comfort and eliminate injuries, structures for disabled people should be equipped with metal handrails. According to SP 59.13330.2012, railings must be installed on all products with a height of more than 0.45 m. In addition, the document specifies the following requirements for railings:

Important points

In addition to the general and basic requirements of SNiP and SP for inclined structures, you should also pay attention to the following points:

Non-standard products

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to install a structure that meets all of the above requirements. There can be many reasons for this, for example:

For these and other reasons, installing a conventional model may not be possible. To correct the situation, non-standard structures are sometimes installed. Of course, they may not meet many requirements, but they provide an opportunity for disabled people to enter the building.

The fact that products may not meet certain standards does not mean that you can tilt them 40° or forget about guards. When designing, the following points must be taken into account:

Call buttons

In some cases, it is not technically possible to install a stationary model. For example, the main porch is under renovation, and visitors enter through an additional entrance, where there is no inclined structure for the disabled. In such cases, entry points should be equipped with removable ramps with a call button. When you press it, a certain employee receives a signal, goes out and sets up a ramp. Accordingly, after lifting or moving down a disabled person, the structure is removed.

So, call buttons must meet the following requirements:

Sidewalk ramps

The main problem of small-sized population groups is the lack of conditions for comfortable movement. If there are inclined structures installed in or near some buildings, then on pedestrian paths everything is sad. As you know, the surface of sidewalks is located above the road surface. Therefore, when the sidewalk intersects with the highway, a height difference is formed. It is usually 10-15 cm, which deprives a disabled person of the ability to move without assistance.

For this reason, when crossing roads, sidewalks should also be equipped with small ramps. They must meet the following characteristics:

Many things are inaccessible to disabled people. The most common thing is comfortable and free movement. For this reason, staircases and building entrances must be equipped with inclined structures. But the most important thing is that the ramps are made in accordance with SNiP, because this will significantly increase the reliability of the design and comfort of use.

Comments 0

Appendix A (mandatory). Normative references (not applicable) Appendix B (informative). Terms and definitions (not applicable) Appendix B (mandatory). Materials for calculating the fire safety level of people with limited mobility (not applicable) Appendix D (mandatory). Calculation of the number of elevators required for the evacuation of disabled people from safety zones Appendix E (recommended). Examples of arrangement of buildings, structures and their premises (not applicable)

Information about changes:

Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference document is replaced (changed), then when using this set of rules you should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the referenced material is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.

4 Requirements for land plots

4.1 Entrances and traffic routes

4.1.2 On the routes for the movement of motor vehicles, it is not allowed to use opaque gates with double-acting hinges, gates with rotating blades, turnstiles and other devices that create an obstacle for the motor vehicle.

4.1.3 The design documentation must provide for the conditions for unhindered, safe and convenient movement of MGN across the site to an accessible entrance to the building, taking into account the requirements of SP 42.13330. These paths must be connected to transport and pedestrian communications external to the site, specialized parking spaces, and public transport stops.

A system of information support tools must be provided on all traffic routes accessible to MGN for the entire time (during the day) of operation of an institution or enterprise in accordance with GOST R 51256 and GOST R 52875.

4.1.4 Transport passages on the site and pedestrian routes to objects are allowed to be combined, subject to urban planning requirements for the parameters of traffic routes.

In this case, restrictive markings of pedestrian paths on the roadway should be made, which will ensure the safe movement of people and vehicles.

4.1.5 When crossing pedestrian paths with vehicles at the entrances to the building or in the area near the building, elements of advance warning of drivers about the crossing points should be provided, up to its regulation in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51684. Curb ramps must be installed on both sides of the roadway crossing.

4.1.6 If there are underground and overground passages on the site, they should, as a rule, be equipped with ramps or lifting devices, if it is not possible to organize a ground passage for the MGN.

The width of the pedestrian path through the traffic island at the crossing points must be at least 3 m, the length - at least 2 m.

4.1.7 The width of the pedestrian path, taking into account oncoming traffic of disabled people in wheelchairs, must be at least 2.0 m. In the current development conditions, it is allowed, within direct visibility, to reduce the width of the path to 1.2 m. In this case, no more than Every 25 m there are horizontal platforms (pockets) measuring at least 2.0 x 1.8 m to ensure the possibility of travel for people with disabilities in wheelchairs.

The longitudinal slope of traffic routes along which travel for disabled people in wheelchairs is possible should not exceed 5%, and the transverse slope - 2%.

Note - All parameters for the width and height of communication paths here and in other paragraphs are given in a clear manner (in light).

4.1.8 When constructing ramps from the sidewalk onto a transport passage, the slope should be no more than 1:12, and near a building and in cramped areas it is allowed to increase the longitudinal slope to 1:10 for a period of no more than 10 m.

Curb ramps at pedestrian crossings must be located entirely within the area intended for pedestrians and must not protrude into the roadway. The height difference at the exit points onto the roadway should not exceed 0.015 m.

4.1.9 The height of curbs along the edges of pedestrian paths on the territory is recommended to be at least 0.05 m.

The difference in heights of curbs, side stones along maintained lawns and green areas adjacent to pedestrian traffic routes should not exceed 0.025 m.

4.1.10 Tactile means that perform a warning function on the surface of pedestrian paths on the site should be placed at least 0.8 m before the information object or the beginning of a dangerous section, change in direction of movement, entrance, etc.

The width of the tactile strip is assumed to be within 0.5-0.6 m.

4.1.11 The covering of pedestrian paths, sidewalks and ramps must be made of hard materials, smooth, rough, without gaps, not creating vibration when moving, and also preventing slipping, i.e. maintaining strong grip on shoe soles, walking aid supports and wheelchair wheels in wet and snowy conditions.

A coating made of concrete slabs must have a thickness of joints between the slabs of no more than 0.015 m. A coating made of loose materials, including sand and gravel, is not allowed.

4.1.12 The width of flights of stairs in open staircases must be at least 1.35 m. For open stairs with changes in relief, the width of the treads should be taken from 0.35 to 0.4 m, the height of the riser - from 0.12 to 0.15 m. All steps of stairs within the same flight must be identical in plan shape, tread width and step height. The transverse slope of the steps should be no more than 2%.

The surface of the steps must have an anti-slip coating and be rough.

It should not be used on the paths of movement of MGN steps with open risers.

The flight of an open staircase should not be less than three steps and should not exceed 12 steps. It is unacceptable to use single steps, which must be replaced with ramps. The clear distance between the handrails of the stairs must be at least 1.0 m.

The edge steps of flights of stairs should be highlighted with color or texture.

Paragraph 6 does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order

4.1.14 Stairs must be doubled with ramps or lifting devices.

External stairs and ramps must be equipped with handrails. The length of the ramp march should not exceed 9.0 m, and the slope should not be steeper than 1:20.

The width between the ramp handrails should be within 0.9-1.0 m.

A ramp with a design length of 36.0 m or more or a height of more than 3.0 m should be replaced with lifting devices.

4.1.15 The length of the horizontal platform of a straight ramp must be at least 1.5 m. At the upper and lower ends of the ramp, a free zone of at least 1.5x1.5 m in size should be provided, and in areas of intensive use at least 2.1x2.1 m Clear zones must also be provided whenever the direction of the ramp changes.

Ramps must have a double-sided fence with handrails at a height of 0.9 m (acceptable from 0.85 to 0.92 m) and 0.7 m, taking into account the technical requirements for stationary support devices in accordance with GOST R 51261. The distance between handrails should be within 0.9-1.0 m. Wheel chocks with a height of 0.1 m should be installed on intermediate platforms and on the ramp.

4.1.16 The surface of the ramp must be non-slip, clearly marked with a color or texture that contrasts with the adjacent surface.

In places where slopes change, it is necessary to install artificial lighting of at least 100 lux at floor level.

The need for a heating device for the surface of the ramp, areas under a canopy, or shelter is established by the design assignment.

4.1.17 The ribs of drainage gratings installed on the paths of movement of the MGN must be located perpendicular to the direction of movement and closely adjacent to the surface. The gaps of the grid cells should be no more than 0.013 m wide. The diameter of round holes in the gratings should not exceed 0.018 m.

Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

4.2 Parking lots for disabled people

4.2.1 In individual parking lots in the area near or inside the buildings of service institutions, 10% of the spaces (but not less than one space) should be allocated for transport of disabled people, including 5% of specialized spaces for vehicles of disabled people in wheelchairs based on the number of seats :

The allocated spaces must be marked with signs adopted by GOST R 52289 and traffic rules on the surface of the parking lot and duplicated with a sign on a vertical surface (wall, pole, rack, etc.) in accordance with GOST 12.4.026, located at a height of at least 1.5 m.

4.2.2 It is advisable to place spaces for personal vehicles of disabled people near the entrance to an enterprise or institution accessible to disabled people, but no further than 50 m, from the entrance to a residential building - no further than 100 m.

Stopping areas for specialized public transport vehicles carrying only disabled people (social taxis) should be provided at a distance of no further than 100 m from the entrances to public buildings.

4.2.3 Special parking spaces along transport communications are permitted if the road slope is less than 1:50.

Parking spaces located parallel to the curb must be sized to allow access to the rear of the vehicle for use by a ramp or lift.

The ramp must have a blister coating that provides a convenient transition from the parking area to the sidewalk. In places where disabled people disembark and move from personal vehicles to building entrances, non-slip surfaces should be used.

4.2.4 The marking of the parking space for a disabled person in a wheelchair should be 6.0 x 3.6 m in size, which makes it possible to create a safe zone on the side and behind the car - 1.2 m.

If the parking lot provides space for regular parking of vehicles, the interiors of which are adapted to transport disabled people in wheelchairs, the width of the side approaches to the vehicle must be at least 2.5 m.

4.2.6 Built-in, including underground parking lots must have a direct connection with the functional floors of the building using elevators, including those adapted to transport disabled people in a wheelchair with an accompanying person. These elevators and approaches to them must be marked with special signs.

4.3 Improvement and recreation areas

4.3.1 On the territory, on the main routes of people’s movement, it is recommended to provide resting places accessible to MGNs at least 100-150 m apart, equipped with canopies, benches, pay phones, signs, lamps, alarms, etc.

Recreation areas should serve as architectural accents that are part of the overall information system of the facility.

4.3.3 The minimum level of illumination in rest areas should be 20 lux. Lamps installed on rest areas should be located below the eye level of the person sitting.

4.3.4 Devices and equipment (mailboxes, payphone shelters, information boards, etc.) placed on the walls of buildings, structures or on individual structures, as well as protruding elements and parts of buildings and structures should not reduce the rated space for passage, as well as the passage and maneuvering of a wheelchair.

Objects, the front edge of the surface of which is located at a height of 0.7 to 2.1 m from the level of the pedestrian path, should not protrude beyond the plane of the vertical structure by more than 0.1 m, and when placed on a separate support - by more than 0. 3m.

When the size of protruding elements increases, the space under these objects must be allocated with a curb stone, a side with a height of at least 0.05 m, or fences with a height of at least 0.7 m.

Around free-standing supports, racks or trees located in the path of movement, warning paving in the form of a square or circle should be provided at a distance of 0.5 m from the object.

4.3.5 Payphones and other specialized equipment for people with visual impairments should be installed on a horizontal plane using tactile ground indicators or on separate slabs up to 0.04 m high, the edge of which should be located at a distance of 0.7-0.8 from the installed equipment m.

The shapes and edges of hanging equipment must be rounded.

4.3.7 In exceptional cases, mobile ramps may be used during reconstruction. The surface width of mobile ramps must be at least 1.0 m, the slopes must be close to the values ​​of stationary ramps.

5 Requirements for premises and their elements

Buildings and structures must provide conditions for MGN to use the full volume of premises for the safe implementation of necessary activities independently or with the help of an accompanying person, as well as evacuation in case of an emergency.

5.1.1 The building must have at least one entrance accessible to the MGN from the surface of the ground and from each underground or above-ground level accessible to the MGN connected to this building.

5.1.2 External stairs and ramps must have handrails taking into account the technical requirements for stationary supporting devices in accordance with GOST R 51261. If the width of the stairs at the main entrances to the building is 4.0 m or more, dividing handrails should be additionally provided.

5.1.3 The entrance area at the entrances accessible by the MGN must have: a canopy, drainage, and, depending on local climatic conditions, heating of the coating surface. The dimensions of the entrance area when the door leaf is opened outwards must be at least 1.4x2.0 m or 1.5x1.85 m. The dimensions of the entrance area with a ramp are at least 2.2x2.2 m.

The coating surfaces of entrance platforms and vestibules must be hard, non-slip when wet, and have a transverse slope within 1-2%.

5.1.4* When designing new buildings and structures, entrance doors must have a clear width of at least 1.2 m. When designing reconstructed, subject to major repairs and adaptable existing buildings and structures, the width of entrance doors is taken from 0.9 to 1.2 m The use of doors on swinging hinges and revolving doors on the paths of movement of MGN is not allowed.

External door leaves accessible to MGN should be provided with viewing panels filled with transparent and impact-resistant material, the lower part of which should be located within 0.5 to 1.2 m from the floor level. The lower part of glass door panels to a height of at least 0.3 m from the floor level must be protected with an impact-resistant strip.

External doors accessible to MGN may have thresholds. In this case, the height of each element of the threshold should not exceed 0.014 m.

Paragraph 4 does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

For double-leaf doors, one working leaf must have the width required for single-leaf doors.

5.1.5 Transparent doors at entrances and in the building, as well as fences, should be made of impact-resistant material. On transparent door panels, bright contrast markings should be provided with a height of at least 0.1 m and a width of at least 0.2 m, located at a level of no lower than 1.2 m and no higher than 1.5 m from the surface of the pedestrian path.

Paragraph 2 does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

5.1.6 Entrance doors accessible for disabled people should be designed automatic, manual or mechanical. They must be clearly identifiable and have a symbol indicating their availability. It is advisable to use automatic swing or sliding doors (if they are not located on escape routes).

On MGN traffic routes, it is recommended to use doors on single-acting hinges with latches in the “open” or “closed” positions. You should also use doors that provide a delay of automatic door closing of at least 5 seconds. Swing doors with a closer should be used (with a force of 19.5 Nm).

5.1.7 The depth of vestibules and vestibules with direct movement and one-way opening of doors must be at least 2.3 with a width of at least 1.50 m.

When sequentially positioning hinged or pivoting doors, it is necessary to ensure that the minimum free space between them is at least 1.4 m plus the width of the door opening inward between the doors.

The free space at the door on the latch side should be: when opening “from yourself”, at least 0.3 m, and when opening “toward” - at least 0.6 m.

If the vestibule depth is less than 1.8 m to 1.5 m (during reconstruction), its width must be at least 2 m.

It is not allowed to use mirrored walls (surfaces) in vestibules, staircases and emergency exits, and mirrored glass is not allowed in doors.

Drainage and drainage grids installed in the floor of vestibules or entrance platforms must be installed flush with the surface of the floor covering. The width of the openings of their cells should not exceed 0.013 m, and the length 0.015 m. It is preferable to use gratings with diamond-shaped or square cells. The diameter of round cells should not exceed 0.018 m.

5.1.8 If there is control at the entrance, access control devices and turnstiles with a clear width of at least 1.0 m, adapted for the passage of disabled people in wheelchairs, should be used.

In addition to the turnstiles, a side passage should be provided to ensure the evacuation of people with disabilities in wheelchairs and other categories of people with disabilities. The width of the passage should be taken according to calculation.

5.2 Traffic paths in buildings

Horizontal communications

5.2.1 Traffic routes to rooms, areas and service points inside the building should be designed in accordance with regulatory requirements for evacuation routes for people from the building.

The width of the movement path (in corridors, galleries, etc.) must be no less than:

The width of the transition to another building should be at least 2.0 m.

When moving along a corridor, a disabled person in a wheelchair should be provided with minimum space for:

rotation by 90° - equal to 1.2x1.2 m;

180° turn - equal to a diameter of 1.4 m.

In dead-end corridors, it is necessary to ensure that the wheelchair can be turned 180°.

The clear height of corridors along their entire length and width must be at least 2.1 m.

Note - When reconstructing buildings, it is allowed to reduce the width of corridors, provided that sidings (pockets) for wheelchairs measuring 2 m (length) and 1.8 m (width) are created within direct visibility of the next pocket.

5.2.2 Approaches to various equipment and furniture must be at least 0.9 m wide, and if it is necessary to turn the wheelchair 90° - at least 1.2 m. The diameter of the area for an independent turn of 180° for a disabled person in a wheelchair is The stroller should be at least 1.4 m.

The depth of the space for maneuvering a wheelchair in front of the door when opening “from yourself” must be at least 1.2 m, and when opening “toward” - at least 1.5 m with an opening width of at least 1.5 m.

The width of the passage in a room with equipment and furniture should be at least 1.2 m.

5.2.3 Areas of the floor on traffic paths at a distance of 0.6 m in front of doorways and entrances to stairs, as well as before the turn of communication paths, must have tactile warning signs and/or a contrasting painted surface in accordance with GOST R 12.4.026. It is recommended to provide light beacons.

Areas of “possible danger”, taking into account the projection of the movement of the door leaf, should be marked with marking paint contrasting with the color of the surrounding space.

5.2.4 The width of door and open openings in the wall, as well as exits from rooms and corridors to the staircase, must be at least 0.9 m. If the slope depth in the wall of the open opening is more than 1.0 m, the width of the opening should be taken according to the width of the communication passage , but not less than 1.2 m.

Doors on escape routes should have a color that contrasts with the wall.

Doorways to rooms, as a rule, should not have thresholds or differences in floor heights. If it is necessary to install thresholds, their height or height difference should not exceed 0.014 m.

5.2.6 On each floor where there will be visitors, seating areas for 2-3 seats should be provided, including for people with disabilities in wheelchairs. If the floor is long, a recreation area should be provided every 25-30 m.

5.2.7 Structural elements and devices inside buildings, as well as decorative elements placed within the dimensions of traffic paths on walls and other vertical surfaces, must have rounded edges and not protrude more than 0.1 m at a height of 0.7 to 2, 1 m from floor level. If the elements protrude beyond the plane of the walls by more than 0.1 m, then the space under them should be allocated with a side with a height of at least 0.05 m. When placing devices and signs on a separate support, they should not protrude more than 0.3 m .

Barriers, fences, etc. should be installed under a flight of open stairs and other overhanging elements inside a building that have a clear height of less than 1.9 m.

5.2.8 In rooms accessible to disabled people, it is not permitted to use pile carpets with a pile height of more than 0.013 m.

Carpets on traffic routes must be tightly secured, especially at the joints of the carpets and along the border of dissimilar coverings.

Vertical communications

Stairs and ramps

5.2.9 If there is a difference in floor heights in a building or structure, stairs, ramps or lifting devices accessible to the MGN should be provided.

In places where there is a difference in floor levels in the room, fencing with a height of 1-1.2 m should be provided for fall protection.

Stair steps must be smooth, without protrusions and with a rough surface. The edge of the step must have a rounding with a radius of no more than 0.05 m. The side edges of the steps that are not adjacent to the walls must have sides with a height of at least 0.02 m or other devices to prevent the cane or foot from slipping.

Stair steps must have risers. The use of open steps (without risers) is not allowed.

5.2.10 In the absence of elevators, the width of the flight of stairs must be at least 1.35 m. In other cases, the width of the flight should be taken according to SP 54.13330 and SP 118.13330.

The final horizontal parts of the handrail must be 0.3 m longer than the flight of stairs or the inclined part of the ramp (allowed from 0.27-0.33 m) and have a non-traumatic end.

5.2.11 If the design width of the flight of stairs is 4.0 m or more, additional dividing handrails should be provided.

5.2.13* The maximum height of one rise (flight) of the ramp should not exceed 0.8 m with a slope of no more than 1:20 (5%). If the difference in floor heights on the traffic paths is 0.2 m or less, it is allowed to increase the slope of the ramp to 1:10 (10%).

Inside buildings and on temporary structures or temporary infrastructure facilities, a maximum ramp slope of 1:12 (8%) is allowed, provided that the vertical rise between sites does not exceed 0.5 m, and the length of the ramp between sites does not exceed 6.0 m. When designing reconstructed, subject to major repairs and adaptable existing buildings and structures, the ramp slope is taken in the range from 1:20 (5%) to 1:12 (8%).

Ramps with a height difference of more than 3.0 m should be replaced with elevators, lifting platforms, etc.

In exceptional cases, it is allowed to provide screw ramps. The width of the spiral ramp at full rotation must be at least 2.0 m.

Every 8.0-9.0 m of the length of the ramp march a horizontal platform should be constructed. Horizontal platforms must also be arranged whenever the direction of the ramp changes.

The area on the horizontal section of the ramp during a straight path or at a turn must have a size of at least 1.5 m in the direction of travel, and on a spiral section - at least 2.0 m.

Ramps in their upper and lower parts must have horizontal platforms measuring at least 1.5x1.5 m.

The width of the ramp should be taken according to the width of the traffic lane in accordance with 5.2.1. In this case, the handrails are taken according to the width of the ramp.

Inventory ramps must be designed for a load of at least 350 and meet the requirements for stationary ramps in terms of width and slope.

5.2.14 Wheel guards with a height of at least 0.05 m should be provided along the longitudinal edges of the ramps to prevent a cane or foot from slipping.

The surface of the ramp should visually contrast with the horizontal surface at the beginning and end of the ramp. It is allowed to use light beacons or light strips to identify adjacent surfaces.

Paragraph 3 does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

5.2.15* Along both sides of all ramps and open stairs, as well as at all height differences of horizontal surfaces of more than 0.45 m, it is necessary to install fences with handrails. Handrails should be located at a height of 0.9 m (allowed from 0.85 to 0.92 m), at ramps - additionally at a height of 0.7 m.

The handrail on the inside of the stairs must be continuous along its entire height.

The distance between the ramp handrails should be in the range from 0.9 to 1.0 m.

The final horizontal parts of the handrail must be 0.3 m longer than the flight of stairs or the inclined part of the ramp (from 0.27 to 0.33 m is allowed) and have a non-traumatic end.

5.2.16 It is recommended to use handrails with a round cross-section with a diameter of 0.04 to 0.06 m. The clear distance between the handrail and the wall should be at least 0.045 m for walls with smooth surfaces and at least 0.06 m for walls with rough surfaces.

On the top or side surface, external to the flight, the surface of the handrails must be provided with relief markings of floors, as well as warning strips about the end of the handrail.

Elevators, lifting platforms and escalators

5.2.17 Buildings should be equipped with passenger elevators or lifting platforms to provide access for disabled people in wheelchairs to floors above or below the main entrance to the building (ground floor). The choice of lifting method for disabled people and the possibility of duplicating these lifting methods is established in the design assignment.

5.2.19 The choice of the number and parameters of elevators for transporting disabled people is made by calculation, taking into account the maximum possible number of disabled people in the building, based on the nomenclature in accordance with GOST R 53770.

Paragraphs 2-3 do not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

5.2.20 Light and sound information alarms in the elevator cabin accessible to the disabled must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51631 and the Technical Regulations on the safety of elevators. There must be tactile floor level indicators at each elevator door that is accessible to the disabled. Opposite the exit from such elevators, at a height of 1.5 m, there must be a digital floor designation measuring at least 0.1 m, contrasting with the background of the wall.

5.2.21 Installation of lifting platforms with inclined movement for overcoming flights of stairs by disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders, including those in wheelchairs, should be provided in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51630.

The free space in front of lifting platforms must be at least 1.6 x 1.6 m.

In order to ensure control over the lifting platform and user actions, lifting platforms can be equipped with means of dispatch and visual control, with information output to a remote automated operator workstation.

5.2.22 Escalators must be equipped with tactile warning signs at each end.

If an escalator or passenger conveyor is located on the main path of movement of the MGN, at each end it is necessary to provide guardrails protruding in front of the balustrade 1.0 m high and 1.0-1.5 m long for the safety of the blind and visually impaired (with a clear width of no less than the moving belt ).

Evacuation routes

5.2.23 Design solutions for buildings and structures must ensure the safety of visitors in accordance with the requirements of the “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures”, “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” and GOST 12.1.004 with mandatory consideration of the psychophysiological capabilities of people with disabilities of various categories, their number and the location of the intended location in the building or structure.

5.2.24 Places for maintenance and permanent location of MGN should be located at the minimum possible distances from emergency exits from building premises to the outside.

5.2.25 The clear width (clear) of sections of evacuation routes used by MGN must be at least, m:

5.2.26 The ramp, which serves as a means of evacuation from the second and upper floors, must have access outside the building to the adjacent territory.

5.2.27 If, according to calculations, it is impossible to ensure the timely evacuation of all MGN in the required time, then in order to rescue them, safety zones should be provided on the evacuation routes in which they can remain until the arrival of rescue units, or from which they can evacuate for a longer time and (or ) escape independently using an adjacent smoke-free staircase or ramp.

The maximum permissible distances from the most remote point of the premises for the disabled to the door to the safety zone must be within reach during the required evacuation time.

It is recommended to provide safety zones in the halls of elevators for transporting fire departments, as well as in the halls of elevators used by MGN. These elevators can be used to rescue disabled people during a fire. The number of elevators for MGN is established by calculation in accordance with Appendix D.

The safety zone may include the area of ​​an adjacent loggia or balcony, separated by fire barriers from the remaining premises of the floor that are not included in the safety zone. Loggias and balconies may not have fire-resistant glazing if the outer wall underneath them is blank with a fire resistance limit of at least REI 30 (EI 30) or the window and door openings in this wall must be filled with fire-resistant windows and doors.

5.2.28 The area of ​​the safety zone must be provided for all disabled people remaining on the floor, based on the specific area per person being rescued, subject to the possibility of his maneuvering:

If there is a justified use of a smoke-free staircase or ramp serving as an evacuation route as a safety zone, the dimensions of the staircase and ramp landings must be increased based on the size of the designed area.

5.2.29 The safety zone must be designed in accordance with the requirements of SP 1.13130 ​​in relation to design solutions and materials used.

The safety zone must be separated from other rooms and adjacent corridors by fire barriers that have fire resistance limits: walls, partitions, ceilings - at least REI 60, doors and windows - type 1.

The safety zone must be smoke-free. In case of fire, an excess pressure of 20 Pa should be created in it with one emergency exit door open.

5.2.30 Each safety zone of a public building must be equipped with an intercom or other visual or text communication device with the control room or with the premises of the fire station (security post).

Doors, walls of premises of safety zones, as well as routes to safety zones must be marked with evacuation sign E 21 in accordance with GOST R 12.4.026.

Evacuation plans must indicate the location of safety zones.

5.2.31 The upper and lower steps in each flight of escape stairs should be painted in a contrasting color or tactile warning signs should be used, contrasting in color with respect to the adjacent floor surfaces, 0.3 m wide.

It is possible to use a protective corner profile at each step along the width of the flight for orientation and assistance to the blind and visually impaired. The material should be 0.05-0.065 m wide at the tread and 0.03-0.055 m wide at the riser. It should visually contrast with the rest of the surface of the step.

The edges of steps or handrails of stairs on escape routes should be painted with glow-in-the-dark paint or have light strips glued to them.

5.2.32 It is allowed to provide external evacuation stairs (stairs of the third type) for evacuation if they meet the requirements of 5.2.9.

In this case, the following conditions must be met simultaneously:

the stairs must be located at a distance of more than 1.0 m from window and door openings;

the staircase must have emergency lighting.

It is not allowed to provide escape routes for the blind and other disabled people along open external metal stairs.

5.2.33 Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

At facilities with permanent residence or temporary residence of MGN in corridors, elevator halls, and staircases, where doors are intended to be operated in the open position, one of the following methods of closing doors should be provided:

automatic closing of these doors when the alarm system and (or) automatic fire extinguishing installation are triggered;

remote closing of doors from a fire station (from a security post);

mechanical unlocking of doors locally.

The paragraph does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

5.2.34 Lighting on evacuation routes (including at the beginning and end of the route) and in places where services for MGN are provided (provided) in public and industrial buildings should be increased by one step compared to the requirements of SP 52.13330.

The difference in illumination between adjacent rooms and zones should not be more than 1:4.

5.3 Sanitary facilities

5.3.1 In all buildings where there are sanitary facilities, there must be places specially equipped for MGN in changing rooms, universal cabins in restrooms and showers, and bathtubs.

5.3.2 In the total number of latrine cabins in public and industrial buildings, the share of cabins accessible to MGN should be 7%, but not less than one.

In an additionally used universal cabin, the entrance should be designed taking into account the possible difference in the genders of the accompanying person and the disabled person.

5.3.3 An accessible cabin in a common restroom must have plan dimensions of at least m: width - 1.65, depth - 1.8, door width - 0.9. In the stall next to the toilet, a space of at least 0.75 m should be provided to accommodate a wheelchair, as well as hooks for clothes, crutches and other accessories. The cabin must have a free space with a diameter of 1.4 m for a wheelchair to turn around. Doors must open outwards.

Note - The dimensions of accessible and universal (specialized) cabins may vary depending on the arrangement of the equipment used.

In a universal cabin and other sanitary facilities intended for use by all categories of citizens, including disabled people, it should be possible to install folding support handrails, rods, swivel or folding seats. The dimensions of the universal cabin in plan are not less than, m: width - 2.2, depth - 2.25.

One of the urinals should be located at a height from the floor of no more than 0.4 m or a vertical urinal should be used. Toilets with back support should be used.

5.3.4 In accessible shower rooms, at least one cabin should be provided, equipped for a disabled person in a wheelchair, in front of which there should be space for a wheelchair to access.

5.3.5 For disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders and visual impairments, closed shower stalls should be provided with the door opening outward and entry directly from the dressing room with a non-slip floor and a tray without a threshold.

An accessible shower stall for MGN must be equipped with a portable or wall-mounted folding seat located at a height of no more than 0.48 m from the level of the tray; hand shower; wall handrails. The seat depth must be at least 0.48 m, length - 0.85 m.

The dimensions of the pallet (ladder) must be at least 0.9x1.5 m, the free zone - at least 0.8x1.5 m.

5.3.6 At the doors of sanitary premises or accessible cabins (restroom, shower, bath, etc.), special signs (including relief ones) should be provided at a height of 1.35 m.

Accessible cabins must be equipped with an alarm system that provides communication with the premises of permanent duty personnel (security post or facility administration).

5.3.7 Geometric parameters of areas used by people with disabilities, including those in wheelchairs, in sanitary premises of public and industrial buildings, should be taken according to table 1:

Table 1

Name	Dimensions in plan (clean), m
Shower cabins:
closed,
open and with through passage; half souls
Women's personal hygiene cabins.

5.3.8 The width of the aisles between the rows should be taken at least, m:

5.3.9 In accessible cabins, water taps with a lever handle and a thermostat should be used, and, if possible, with automatic and touchless taps. The use of taps with separate control of hot and cold water is not allowed.

Toilets should be used with automatic flushing or with manual push-button control, which should be located on the side wall of the cabin, from which the transfer from the wheelchair to the toilet is carried out.

5.4 Internal equipment and devices

5.4.2 Devices for opening and closing doors, horizontal handrails, as well as handles, levers, taps and buttons of various devices, openings of vending, drinking and ticket machines, openings for chip cards and other control systems, terminals and operating displays and other devices that can use MGN inside a building, it should be installed at a height of no more than 1.1 m and not less than 0.85 m from the floor and at a distance of not less than 0.4 m from the side wall of the room or other vertical plane.

Switches and electrical sockets in rooms should be provided at a height of no more than 0.8 m from the floor level. It is allowed to use, in accordance with the technical specifications, switches (switches) for remote control of electric lighting, curtains, electronic devices and other equipment.

5.4.3 Door handles, locks, latches and other door opening and closing devices should be used that must be shaped to allow a disabled person to operate them with one hand and not require excessive force or significant rotation of the wrist. It is advisable to focus on the use of easily controlled devices and mechanisms, as well as U-shaped handles.

Handles on sliding door leaves must be installed in such a way that when the doors are fully open, these handles are easily accessible on both sides of the door.

Door handles located in the corner of a corridor or room must be located at a distance of at least 0.6 m from the side wall.

5.5 Audiovisual information systems

5.5.1 Elements of the building and territory accessible to MGN must be identified with accessibility symbols in the following places:

parking places;

passenger boarding areas;

entrances, if not all entrances to a building or structure, are accessible;

places in shared bathrooms;

dressing rooms, fitting rooms, changing rooms in buildings in which not all such premises are accessible;

elevators and other lifting devices;

security zones;

passages in other MGN service areas where not all passages are accessible.

Directional signs indicating the path to the nearest accessible element may be provided as necessary in the following locations:

inaccessible building entrances;

inaccessible public restrooms, showers, baths;

elevators not suitable for transporting disabled people;

exits and stairs that are not evacuation routes for disabled people.

5.5.2 Systems of information media and danger alarms located in rooms (except for rooms with wet processes) intended for the stay of all categories of disabled people and on the paths of their movement must be comprehensive and provide visual, audio and tactile information indicating the direction of movement and places to receive services. They must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51671, GOST R 51264, and also take into account the requirements of SP 1.13130.

The media used (including signs and symbols) must be identical within a building or a complex of buildings and structures located in the same area, within an enterprise, transport route, etc. and comply with the signs established by the current regulatory documents on standardization. It is advisable to use international characters.

5.5.3 The system of information media for zones and premises (especially in places of mass visits), entrance nodes and traffic routes should ensure continuity of information, timely orientation and unambiguous identification of objects and places of visit. It should provide the ability to obtain information about the range of services provided, the placement and purpose of functional elements, the location of evacuation routes, warn about dangers in extreme situations, etc.

The paragraph does not apply from May 15, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated November 14, 2016 N 798/pr

5.5.4 Visual information should be located on a contrasting background with the size of the signs corresponding to the viewing distance, be linked to the artistic design of the interior and located at a height of no less than 1.5 m and no more than 4.5 m from the floor level.

In addition to the visual alarm, an audio alarm must be provided, and also, according to the design specifications, a stroboscopic alarm (in the form of intermittent light signals), the signals of which must be visible in crowded places. The maximum frequency of stroboscopic pulses is 1-3 Hz.

5.5.5 Light annunciators, fire safety evacuation signs indicating the direction of movement, connected to the warning system and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, to the warning system for natural disasters and extreme situations, should be installed in rooms and areas of public buildings and structures visited by MGN, and industrial premises with workplaces for disabled people.

For emergency sound signaling, devices should be used that provide a sound level of at least 80-100 dB for 30 s.

Sound alarms (electrical, mechanical or electronic) must meet the requirements of GOST 21786. Their activation equipment must be located at least 0.8 m before the warned section of the track.

Noise indicators should be used in rooms with good sound insulation or in rooms with low levels of subjective noise.

5.5.6 In the lobbies of public buildings, provision should be made for the installation of audio informants similar to pay phones, which can be used by visitors with visual impairments, and text phones for visitors with hearing impairments. Information desks of all types, ticket offices for mass sales, etc. should be similarly equipped.

Visual information should be located on a contrasting background at a height of at least 1.5 m and no more than 4.5 m from the floor level.

5.5.7 Enclosed spaces of buildings (rooms for various functional purposes, restroom cabins, elevators, fitting rooms, etc.), where a disabled person, including those with hearing impairments, may be alone, as well as elevator halls and safety areas must be equipped two-way communication system with the dispatcher or duty officer. The two-way communication system must be equipped with audible and visual emergency warning devices. Outside such a room, a combined audible and visual (intermittent light) alarm system should be provided above the door. Emergency lighting must be provided in such rooms (cabins).

In a public restroom, the alarm or detector must be output to the duty room.

6 Special requirements for places of residence of disabled people

6.1 General requirements

6.1.1 When designing residential multi-apartment buildings, in addition to this document, the requirements of SP 54.13330 should be taken into account.

6.1.2 Adjacent areas (pedestrian paths and platforms), premises from the entrance to the building to the area where a disabled person lives (apartment, living unit, room, kitchen, bathrooms) in apartment buildings and dormitories, premises in residential and service areas should be accessible to MGNs. parts (group of service premises) of hotels and other temporary buildings.

6.1.3 Dimensional diagrams of movement paths and functional places are calculated for the movement of a disabled person in a wheelchair, and, according to the equipment, also for the visually impaired, blind and deaf.

6.1.4 Residential apartment buildings and residential premises of public buildings should be designed to meet the needs of people with disabilities, including:

accessibility of an apartment or living space from ground level in front of the building entrance;

accessibility from an apartment or residential premises to all premises serving residents or visitors;

use of equipment that meets the needs of people with disabilities;

ensuring safety and ease of use of equipment and devices.

6.1.5 In residential buildings of the gallery type, the width of the galleries must be at least 2.4 m.

6.1.6 The distance from the outer wall to the fencing of the balcony or loggia must be at least 1.4 m; the height of the fence is in the range from 1.15 to 1.2 m. Each structural element of the threshold of the external door to the balcony or loggia should not be higher than 0.014 m.

Note - If there is at least 1.2 m of free space from the balcony door opening in each direction, the distance from the fence to the wall can be reduced to 1.2 m.

The fencing of balconies and loggias in the area between heights from 0.45 to 0.7 m from the floor level must be transparent to provide a good view for a disabled person in a wheelchair.

6.1.7 The dimensions in terms of sanitary and hygienic premises for individual use in residential buildings must be at least, m:

Note - Overall dimensions can be clarified during the design process depending on the equipment used and its placement.

6.1.8 The width of the opening in the light of the entrance door to the apartment and the balcony door should be at least 0.9 m.

The width of the doorway to the sanitary and hygienic premises of residential buildings should be at least 0.8 m, the width of the opening for clean interior doors in the apartment should be at least 0.8 m.

6.2 Social housing buildings

6.2.1 When taking into account the needs of people with disabilities in a specialized form of accommodation, it is recommended that the adaptation of buildings and their premises be carried out according to an individual program, taking into account the tasks specified in the design assignment.

6.2.2 Multi-apartment residential buildings with apartments intended for the residence of disabled people and elderly people should be designed at least as high as the second degree of fire resistance.

6.2.3 In residential buildings of the municipal social housing stock, the design assignment should establish the number and specialization of apartments for certain categories of people with disabilities.

When designing residential premises, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of their subsequent re-equipment if it is necessary to take into account the needs of other categories of residents.

6.2.4 When designing apartments for families with disabled people in wheelchairs at the ground floor level, it should be possible to access directly the adjacent territory or apartment area. For a separate entrance through the apartment vestibule and a lift, it is recommended to increase the area of ​​the apartment by 12. The parameters of the lift should be taken in accordance with GOST R 51633.

6.2.5 A residential area for disabled people must have, at a minimum, a living room, a combined sanitary facility accessible to a disabled person, a front hall with an area of ​​at least 4, and an accessible path of movement.

6.2.6 The minimum size of living space for a disabled person using a wheelchair must be at least 16.

6.2.7 The width (along the outer wall) of a living room for disabled people must be at least 3.0 m (for the infirm - 3.3 m; for those using a wheelchair - 3.4 m). The depth (perpendicular to the outer wall) of the room should be no more than twice its width. If there is a summer room with a depth of 1.5 m or more in front of the outer wall with a window, the depth of the room should be no more than 4.5 m.

The width of the sleeping area for disabled people must be at least 2.0 m (for the infirm - 2.5 m; for those using a wheelchair - 3.0 m). The depth of the room must be at least 2.5 m.

6.2.9 The kitchen area of ​​apartments for families with disabled people in wheelchairs in residential buildings of the social housing stock should be no less than 9. The width of such a kitchen should be at least:

2.3 m - with one-sided placement of equipment;

2.9 m - with double-sided or corner placement of equipment.

Kitchens should be equipped with electric stoves.

In apartments for families with disabled people using wheelchairs, the entrance to the room equipped with a toilet can be designed from the kitchen or living room and equipped with a sliding door.

6.2.10 The width of utility rooms in apartments for families with disabled people (including those in wheelchairs) must be at least m:

6.2.11 In residential buildings of the municipal social housing stock, it should be possible to install, if necessary, videophones for people with hearing impairments, and also provide improved sound insulation of residential premises for this category of people.

As part of a disabled person’s apartment, it is advisable to provide a storage room with an area of ​​at least 4 for storing tools, materials and products used and produced by disabled people when working at home, as well as for storing typhotechnics and Braille literature.

6.3 Temporary premises

6.3.1 In hotels, motels, boarding houses, campsites, etc. the layout and equipment of 5% of residential rooms should be universal, taking into account the accommodation of any categories of visitors, including the disabled.

A free space of 1.4 m in diameter should be provided in the room in front of the door, by the bed, in front of cabinets and windows.

6.3.2 When planning rooms in hotels and other temporary accommodation institutions, the requirements of 6.1.3-6.1.8 of this document should be taken into account.

6.3.3 All types of alarms should be designed taking into account their perception by all categories of disabled people and the requirements of GOST R 51264. The placement and purpose of the alarms is determined in the design specifications.

You should use intercoms with sound, vibration and light alarms, as well as video intercoms.

Residential premises for permanent residence of disabled people must be equipped with autonomous fire detectors.

7 Special requirements for service areas for people with limited mobility in public buildings

7.1 General provisions

7.1.1 When designing public buildings, in addition to this document, the requirements of SP 59.13330 should be taken into account.

The list of elements of buildings and structures (rooms, zones and places) accessible to MGN, the estimated number and category of disabled people are established, if necessary, by a design assignment approved in the prescribed manner in agreement with the territorial body of social protection of the population and taking into account the opinion of public associations of disabled people.

7.1.2 When reconstructing, overhauling and adapting existing buildings for MGN, the design must provide for accessibility and convenience for MGN.

Depending on the space-planning solutions of the building, on the estimated number of visitors with limited mobility, and the functional organization of the service establishment, one of two options for forms of service should be used:

option “A” (universal project) - accessibility for disabled people of any place in the building, namely, common traffic routes and service places - at least 5% of the total number of such places intended for service;

option “B” (reasonable accommodation) - if it is impossible to provide accessible equipment for the entire building, the allocation at the entrance level of special rooms, zones or blocks adapted to serve people with disabilities, providing all types of services available in this building.

7.1.3 In the service area for visitors of public buildings and structures for various purposes, places for disabled people should be provided at the rate of at least 5%, but not less than one place from the estimated capacity of the institution or the estimated number of visitors, including when allocating specialized service areas for MGN in building.

7.1.4 If there are several identical places (instruments, devices, etc.) serving visitors, 5% of the total number, but not less than one, must be designed so that a disabled person can use them (unless otherwise specified in the design assignment) .

7.1.5 All aisles (except one-way) must provide the ability to turn 180° with a diameter of at least 1.4 m or 360° with a diameter of at least 1.5 m, as well as frontal (along the aisle) service for disabled people in a wheelchair together with an accompanying person.

7.1.7 In auditoriums, in the stands of sports and entertainment facilities and other entertainment venues with fixed seats, there must be places for people in wheelchairs at the rate of at least 1% of the total number of spectators.

The area allocated for this must be horizontal with a slope of no more than 2%. Each place must have dimensions of at least m:

when accessed from the side - 0.55x0.85;

when accessed from the front or rear - 1.25x0.85.

In multi-level entertainment areas of public buildings where no more than 25% of the seats and no more than 300 seats are located on the second floor or intermediate level, all wheelchair spaces may be located on the main level.

Each room with a sound system must have a sound amplification system, individual or collective use.

When using darkening in the audience area, ramps and steps must be backlit.

7.1.8 At the entrances to public buildings (stations of all types of transport, social institutions, trade enterprises, administrative institutions, multifunctional complexes, etc.) for the visually impaired, an information mnemonic diagram (tactile movement diagram) must be installed, displaying information about the premises in the building without interfering with the main flow of visitors. It should be placed on the right side in the direction of travel at a distance of 3 to 5 m. On the main routes of movement, a tactile guide strip with a pattern height of no more than 0.025 m should be provided.

7.1.9 When designing interiors, selecting and arranging instruments and devices, technological and other equipment, it should be assumed that the reachable area for a visitor in a wheelchair should be within:

when located to the side of the visitor - no higher than 1.4 m and no lower than 0.3 m from the floor;

with a frontal approach - no higher than 1.2 m and no lower than 0.4 m from the floor.

The surface of tables for individual use, counters, the bottom of cash register windows, information desks and other service areas used by visitors in wheelchairs should be at a height of no more than 0.85 m above the floor level. The width and height of the opening for the legs must be at least 0.75 m, and the depth must be at least 0.49 m.

It is recommended that part of the barrier stand for issuing books in the subscription should be 0.85 m high.

The width of the working front of a counter, table, stand, barrier, etc. at the place of receipt of the service there must be at least 1.0 m.

7.1.10 Seats or areas for spectators in wheelchairs in auditoriums with amphitheatres, auditoriums and lecture halls should have safety measures (fencing, buffer strip, etc.).

7.1.11 In classrooms, auditoriums and lecture halls with a capacity of more than 50 people, equipped with fixed seats, it is necessary to provide at least 5% of the seats with built-in individual listening systems.

7.1.12 Places for people with hearing impairments should be located at a distance of no more than 3 m from the sound source or equipped with special personal sound amplification devices.

It is allowed to use an induction loop or other individual wireless devices in the halls. These locations should be located within clear visibility of the stage and the sign language interpreter. The need to allocate an additional (with individual lighting) area for the interpreter is established by the design assignment.

7.1.13 The area of ​​the room for individual reception of visitors, accessible for people with disabilities, should be 12, and for two workplaces - 18. In premises or areas for receiving or serving visitors with several seats available for MGN, there must be one seat or several seats arranged in a common area.

7.1.14 Layout of the changing cabin, fitting room, etc. must have a free space of at least 1.5 x 1.5 m.

7.2 Buildings and premises for educational purposes

7.2.1 It is recommended to design buildings of general education institutions accessible to all categories of students.

Design solutions for buildings of professional educational institutions must take into account the possibility of training disabled students in specialties approved by current legislation. The number of students in groups is set by the customer in the building for design.

Buildings of special rehabilitation educational institutions that combine training with correction and compensation of developmental deficiencies for a certain type of disease are designed according to a special design assignment, which includes a list and area of ​​premises, specialized equipment and the organization of educational and rehabilitation processes, taking into account the specifics of teaching.

7.2.2 An elevator for disabled students using a wheelchair in institutions of general education, as well as primary and secondary vocational education, must be provided in a dedicated elevator hall.

7.2.3 School places for disabled students should be located identically in the same type of educational premises of one educational institution.

In the classroom, the first tables in the row by the window and in the middle row should be provided for students with visual impairments and hearing impairments, and for students using a wheelchair, the first 1-2 tables in the row at the doorway should be allocated.

7.2.4 In assembly and auditoriums of non-specialized educational institutions, places for disabled people in wheelchairs should be provided at the rate of: in a hall with 50-150 seats - 3-5 seats; in a hall with 151-300 seats - 5-7 seats; in a hall with 301-500 seats - 7-10 seats; in a hall with 501-800 seats - 10-15 seats, as well as their availability on the stage.

Seats for disabled students with damage to the musculoskeletal system should be provided on horizontal sections of the floor, in rows directly adjacent to the aisles and at the same level as the entrance to the assembly hall.

7.2.5 In the reading room of the library of an educational institution, at least 5% of the reading places should be equipped with access for disabled students and separately for students with visual impairments. The workplace for the visually impaired must have additional lighting around the perimeter.

7.2.6 In educational institutions, in the locker rooms of the gym and swimming pool for disabled students, a closed locker room with a shower and toilet should be provided.

7.2.7 In educational institutions for students with disabilities and hearing impairment, provision should be made for the installation of a school bell light signaling device in all premises, as well as a light signaling system for evacuation in case of emergencies.

7.3 Buildings and premises of health care and social services

7.3.1 For the design of buildings for inpatient and semi-inpatient social service institutions (hospices, nursing homes, boarding homes, etc.) and buildings intended for inpatient stays of patients, including disabled people and other people with disabilities (hospitals and dispensaries of various levels services and various profiles - psychiatric, cardiological, rehabilitation treatment, etc.), the technical specifications must establish additional medical and technological requirements. When designing social service institutions for elderly citizens and the disabled, GOST R 52880 should also be observed.

7.3.2 For patients and visitors to rehabilitation institutions specializing in the treatment of people with mobility limitations, up to 10% of parking spaces should be allocated for people with disabilities in wheelchairs.

A passenger boarding area should be provided at an accessible entrance to a health care facility where people receive medical care or treatment.

7.3.3 Entrances to medical institutions for patients and visitors must have visual, tactile and acoustic (speech and sound) information indicating the groups of rooms (departments) that can be accessed through this entrance.

Entrances to doctors' offices and treatment rooms must be equipped with patient call indicator lights.

7.3.4 The emergency room, infectious disease room and emergency department must have autonomous external entrances accessible to people with disabilities. The emergency room should be located on the first floor.

7.3.5 The width of the corridors used for waiting, with double-sided rooms, must be at least 3.2 m, with one-sided rooms - at least 2.8 m.

7.3.6 At least one of the sections of the hall for therapeutic and mud baths, including the dressing room attached to it, must be adapted for a disabled person in a wheelchair.

In physical therapy rooms, shock-mitigating devices and materials should be used as barriers that guide and limit movement.

7.4 Buildings and premises for public service

Trade enterprises

7.4.1 The configuration and arrangement of equipment in sales areas accessible to people with disabilities must be designed to serve people moving in wheelchairs independently and with accompanying persons, people with disabilities on crutches, as well as visually impaired people.

Tables, counters, and design planes of cash registers should be located at a height not exceeding 0.8 m from the floor level. The maximum depth of the shelves (when approaching closely) should not be more than 0.5 m.

7.4.2 At least one of the cash settlement posts in the hall must be equipped in accordance with accessibility requirements for the disabled. At least one accessible cash register must be installed in the cash register area. The width of the passage near the cash register must be at least 1.1 m (Table 2).

Table 2 - Available passages of the cash settlement area

Total number of passes	Number of available passes (minimum)
	3 + 20% additional passes

7.4.3 To focus the attention of visually impaired customers on the necessary information, tactile and illuminated signs, displays and pictograms, as well as contrasting colors of interior elements, should be actively used.

7.4.4 Information about the location of sales floors and sections, the assortment and price tags for goods, as well as means of communication with the administration should be located in a place convenient for a visually impaired visitor and in a form accessible to him.

Catering enterprises

7.4.5 In the dining rooms of catering establishments (or in areas intended for specialized service for MGNs), it is recommended to provide waiters for serving disabled people. The area of ​​such dining rooms should be determined based on the standard area of ​​at least 3 per seat.

7.4.6 In self-service establishments, it is recommended to allocate at least 5% of the seats, and if the capacity of the hall is more than 80 seats - at least 4%, but not less than one for people in wheelchairs and with visual impairments, with an area of ​​each seat of at least 3.

7.4.7 In dining halls, the arrangement of tables, utensils and equipment must ensure unhindered movement for people with disabilities.

The width of the passage near counters for serving food in self-service establishments must be at least 0.9 m. To ensure free movement when passing a wheelchair, it is recommended to increase the width of the passage to 1.1 m.

Buffets and snack bars should have at least one table with a height of 0.65-0.7 m.

The width of the passage between tables in a restaurant must be at least 1.2 m.

The bar counter section for wheelchair users should have a table top width of 1.6 m, a height from the floor of 0.85 m and a legroom of 0.75 m.

Consumer service enterprises

7.4.8 In consumer service enterprises in dressing rooms, fitting rooms, dressing rooms, etc., provided for by the project. at least 5% of their number must be wheelchair accessible.

Equipment for dressing rooms, fitting rooms, changing rooms - hooks, hangers, shelves for clothes must be accessible to both disabled people and other citizens.

Station buildings

7.4.9 The premises of station buildings for various types of passenger transport (railway, road, air, river and sea), passages, platforms and other structures intended to serve passengers must be accessible to MGN.

7.4.10 Station buildings should provide accessible:

premises and service facilities: lobbies; operating and cash rooms; hand luggage storage; passenger and baggage check-in points; special waiting and rest rooms - deputy rooms, mother and child rooms, long-term rest rooms; latrines;

premises, areas in them or additional service structures: shopping (dining) halls of restaurants, cafes, cafeterias, snack bars; shopping, pharmacy and other kiosks, hairdressers, slot machine halls, vending and other machines, communication points, payphones;

office premises: administrator on duty, medical aid station, security, etc.

7.4.11 The area of ​​rest and waiting areas for MGN in station buildings, if created, is determined based on the indicator - 2.1 per seat. Some of the sofas or benches for sitting in the halls should be located at a distance of at least 2.7 m opposite each other.

7.4.12 It is recommended to place a special waiting and rest area on the main floor, on the same level as the entrance to the station building and exits to the platforms (platforms, berths) while ensuring illuminated, safe and short transitions between them.

Waiting rooms should have a convenient connection with the lobby, restaurant (cafe-buffet), restrooms and storage lockers, being located, as a rule, on the same level.

7.4.13 Seats in a special waiting and rest area should be equipped with individual means of information and communication: headphones connected to the information systems of stations; displays with duplicating images of information boards and audio announcements; technical means of emergency communication with the administration, accessible to tactile perception; other special signaling and information systems (computers, telephone inquiries, etc.).

7.4.14 At railway stations, where the access of passengers from the platforms to the station square or to the residential area opposite it is crossed by railway tracks with a train traffic intensity of up to 50 pairs per day and a train speed of up to 120 km/h, for the movement of disabled people in wheelchairs It is allowed to use rail-level crossings equipped with automatic alarms and light indicators. On a section of such a passage along the railway track (including the ramp at the end of the platform) a protective fence with a height of at least 0.9 m should be provided with handrails located at the same height.

7.4.15 On the edges of the boarding side of the apron, warning strips should be used along the edges of the platform, as well as tactile ground signs for passengers with visual impairments.

On aprons it is necessary to provide for duplication of visual information, speech and audio (speech) information with text information.

7.4.16 Ticket check-in and baggage check-in for unaccompanied international travelers must be carried out, if necessary, at a special counter with a height of no more than 0.85 m from the floor level.

Declaration counters at international airports must be wheelchair accessible.

7.4.17 The use of island platforms at bus stations for servicing MGN is not recommended.

7.4.18 Passenger aprons must be of a convenient height for boarding/disembarking disabled people in a wheelchair and with mobility impairments. Platforms that are not equipped with such means must be adapted for the use of stationary or mobile lifts for boarding/disembarking disabled people.

7.4.19 In each row of entry/exit turnstiles, at least one extended passage for the passage of a wheelchair should be provided. It should be placed outside the ticket control area, equipped with horizontal handrails at a distance of 1.2 m, highlighting the area in front of the passage, and also marked with special symbols.

7.4.20 In airport terminals, horizontal rest areas measuring at least 1.5 x 1.5 m should be provided in boarding galleries from the second floor level every 9 m.

When boarding an aircraft from ground level to ascend or descend (disembark) the MGN, a special lifting device should be provided: an ambulatory lift (ambulift), etc.

7.4.21 At air terminals, it is recommended to provide a room for a special service for accompanying and assisting people with disabilities and other disabled people, as well as a storage area for small wheelchairs used to serve people with disabilities during check-in, control, security screening and in flight.

7.5 Physical education, sports and physical education and leisure facilities

Spectator facilities

7.5.1 In the stands of sports and entertainment facilities intended for competitions in Paralympic sports, seats must be provided for spectators in wheelchairs at the rate of at least 1.5% of the total number of spectator seats. At the same time, 0.5% of the seats can be organized by temporarily transforming (temporarily dismantling) part of the seats for spectators.

7.5.2 Seats for disabled people in stadiums should be provided both in the stands and in front of the stands, including at the level of the competition area.

7.5.3 Seats for disabled people should be located primarily near emergency exits. Seats for accompanying persons should be located in close proximity to the seats for disabled people (alternating or located at the back).

The width of the aisle between the rows where disabled people sit in wheelchairs must be at least 1.6 m (including the wheelchair) (with a seating area - 3.0 m).

7.5.4 Places allocated for accommodating people with disabilities in wheelchairs should be surrounded by a barrier. Seats for accompanying persons should be located in close proximity. They can alternate with places for the disabled.

7.5.5 At sports, sports-entertainment and physical culture-health facilities, it is necessary to ensure the availability of areas for walking guide dogs and other service dogs. It is recommended to use an easy-to-clean hard surface in the walking area for guide dogs.

7.5.6 If sound information is provided in the stands of sports and sports-entertainment facilities, then it must be duplicated with text information.

Premises for those involved in physical education and sports

7.5.7 It is recommended to ensure accessibility for MGN to all auxiliary premises in educational and training physical culture and sports facilities: entrance and recreational premises (lobbies, wardrobes, recreation areas, buffets), blocks of locker rooms, showers and toilets, coaching and teaching rooms, medical and rehabilitation premises (medical rooms, saunas, massage rooms, etc.).

7.5.8 The distance of service premises for students, including people with disabilities, from the venues for physical education and sports activities should not exceed 150 m.

7.5.9 The distance from any place where a disabled person is in the hall to the emergency exit to the corridor, foyer, outside or to the evacuation hatch of the stands of sports and entertainment halls should not exceed 40 m. The width of the passages should be increased by the width of the free passage of a wheelchair (0 .9 m).

7.5.10 An accessible route for MGNs must be provided for at least 5% of bowling alleys, but not less than one of each type of lane.

On outdoor sports fields, at least one accessible route of movement must directly connect opposite sides of the court.

7.5.11 When arranging equipment in gyms, it is necessary to create passages for people in wheelchairs.

7.5.12 To orient people with complete loss of vision and the visually impaired, it is recommended: horizontal handrails should be installed along the walls of the hall near the specialized pool baths and at the entrances to the hall from changing rooms and showers at a height from the floor ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 m, and in rooms with a swimming pool for children - at a level of 0.5 m from the floor.

On the main traffic routes and on the bypass paths of a specialized pool, special tactile strips should be provided for information and orientation. The width of orientation strips for open baths is at least 1.2 m.

7.5.13 In the shallow part of the pool bath for disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders, a flat staircase should be installed with dimensions of at least: risers - 0.14 m and treads - 0.3 m. It is recommended to arrange the staircase outside the dimensions of the bath.

7.5.14 The walkway around the perimeter of the baths must be at least 2 m wide for indoor baths and 2.5 m for open baths. Storage areas for wheelchairs should be provided on the bypass area.

The edge of the pool bathtub along the entire perimeter should be distinguished by a stripe that has a contrasting color in relation to the color of the bypass path.

7.5.15 It is necessary to have accessible changing rooms in the following premises: first aid stations/rooms for providing first aid, rooms for coaches, referees, officials. For these premises, it is allowed to have one accessible universal changing room, designed for persons of both sexes and equipped with a toilet.

7.5.16 In the locker rooms at sports facilities for disabled people, the following should be provided:

storage space for wheelchairs;

individual cabins (each with an area of ​​at least 4 square meters) at the rate of one cabin for three simultaneously engaged disabled people using wheelchairs;

individual cabinets (at least two) with a height of no more than 1.7 m, including for storing crutches and prostheses;

a bench with a length of at least 3 m, a width of at least 0.7 m and a height from the floor of no more than 0.5 m. There must be free space around the bench for a wheelchair to access. If it is not possible to install an island bench, a bench measuring at least 0.6 x 2.5 m should be installed along one of the walls.

The size of the passage between benches in common changing rooms must be at least 1.8 m.

7.5.17 The area in common changing rooms per seat for a disabled person exercising should be no less than: in halls - 3.8, in swimming pools with a preparatory training hall - 4.5. The estimated area per disabled person exercising in changing rooms with clothing storage in a separate dressing room is 2.1. The area for individual cabins is 4-5, common changing rooms for disabled people with an accompanying person are 6-8.

Specific area indicators include places for changing clothes, closets for storing household clothes in common dressing rooms.

7.5.18 The number of shower cabins for disabled people should be taken at the rate of one shower net for three disabled people working, but not less than one.

7.5.19 In dressing rooms, a single closet for outdoor and indoor clothing should be used, measuring 0.4 x 0.5 m, clean.

Individual closets for storing clothes of disabled people using a wheelchair in the changing rooms of gyms should be located in the lower tier, no more than 1.3 m high from the floor. When storing home clothes in an open way, hooks in dressing rooms should be installed at the same height. Benches in dressing rooms (for one disabled person) should have dimensions of 0.6x0.8 m in plan.

7.5.20 In the rest room next to the changing rooms, an additional area should be provided at the rate of at least 0.4 for each of the simultaneously exercising disabled people in wheelchairs, and the rest room next to the sauna should have an area of ​​at least 20.

7.5.21 The handrail used to equip the training room for the blind should be recessed into a niche in the wall. The walls of the halls must be absolutely smooth, without ledges. All fastening parts of equipment, regulators, and electrical switches must be installed flush with the surface of the walls or recessed.

7.5.22 For sports games for disabled people in wheelchairs, halls with rough, springy flooring made of synthetic materials or sports parquet should be used.

7.5.23 For sports games for people with visual impairments, the floor surface must be perfectly flat and smooth, the boundaries of the playing areas are marked with embossed adhesive strips.

7.6 Buildings and premises for entertainment, cultural and educational purposes and religious organizations

7.6.1 It is recommended to make the premises of the spectator complex accessible to people with disabilities: the lobby, the box office lobby, the wardrobe, bathrooms, foyers, buffets, corridors and corridors in front of the auditorium. In accordance with the design assignment, the following areas of the performance complex must be accessible to people with disabilities: stage, stage, artistic restrooms, artistic lobby, buffet, bathrooms, lobbies and corridors.

7.6.2 Ramps in halls leading to rows in tiered amphitheaters must have railings along the walls and illuminated steps. If the slope of the ramp is more than 1:12, places for disabled people in wheelchairs should be provided on a flat floor in the first rows.

Entertainment institutions

7.6.3 Seats for disabled people in the halls should be located in an accessible area of ​​the hall, ensuring: full perception of demonstration, entertainment, information, musical programs and materials; optimal working conditions (in library reading rooms); rest (in the waiting room).

In halls, at least two dispersed exits must be adapted for the passage of MGN.

In auditoriums equipped with chairs or benches, there must be seats with armrests, at least one chair with an armrest for every five chairs without armrests. Benches should provide good back support and a space under the seat that is at least 1/3 the depth of the bench.

7.6.4 In multi-tiered halls, it is necessary to provide places for disabled people in wheelchairs at the level of the first tier, as well as on one of the intermediate ones. It is necessary to provide space for wheelchairs in club boxes, boxes, etc.

At least 5% of the total number of folding seats in the aisles, but at least one must be special seats located as close as possible to the exits from the hall.

7.6.5 It is preferable to place seats for disabled people in auditoriums in separate rows that have an independent evacuation route that does not intersect with the evacuation routes of the rest of the audience.

In auditoriums with a number of seats of 800 or more, places for disabled people in wheelchairs should be dispersed in different areas, placing them in close proximity to emergency exits, but no more than three in one place.

7.6.6 When placing seats for spectators in wheelchairs in front of the stage, stage in the first row or at the end of the hall near the exit, free areas with a clear width of at least 1.8 m should be provided and a seat nearby for an accompanying person.

In front of the stage, stage in the first row, as well as in the center of the hall or on its sides, individually illuminated areas should be provided to accommodate sign language interpreters, if necessary.

7.6.7 To enable wheelchair users to participate in programs, it is recommended that the stage increase the depth of the flat panel to 9-12 m and the proscenium to 2.5 m. The recommended height of the stage is 0.8 m.

To climb onto the stage, in addition to stairs, a stationary (mobile) ramp or lifting device must be provided. The width of the ramp between the handrails must be at least 0.9 m with a slope of 8% and sides on the sides. Stairs and ramps leading to the stage must have guardrails on one side with double handrails at a height of 0.7/0.9 m.

Cultural institutions

7.6.8 Taking into account the needs of disabled visitors, for museums with exhibition space up to 2000, it is recommended that the exhibition be located on one level.

Ramps should be used to organize sequential movement and simultaneous inspection of the exhibition.

7.6.10 If it is impossible to use visual information for the visually impaired in rooms with special requirements for the artistic design of interiors, in the exhibition halls of art museums, exhibitions, etc. It is allowed to apply other compensating measures.

7.6.11 The hanging display must be at a height accessible for visual perception from a wheelchair (bottom at a level of no more than 0.85 m from the floor level).

The horizontal showcase must have space underneath for a disabled person in a wheelchair to access.

For display cases at a height of 0.8 m, a horizontal handrail with rounded corners is required. For people with visual impairments, a warning textured color strip with a width of 0.6 to 0.8 m at floor level should be provided around the exhibition table.

7.6.12 The passages in the library reading room must have a width of at least 1.2 m. The size of the disabled person’s workplace (excluding the table surface) must be 1.5x0.9 m.

7.6.13 In the service area for people with visual impairments, it is recommended to equip reading areas and shelves with special literature with additional lighting. It is necessary to provide a high level of natural illumination for this reading area (KEO - 2.5%), and the level of artificial illumination of the reading table - at least 1000 lux.

7.6.14 It is recommended to design premises for study groups in a club building with the participation of disabled people for no more than 10-12 people, including 2-3 people with disabilities in wheelchairs.

7.6.15 The number of seats for disabled people in wheelchairs in the club auditorium is recommended to be based on the capacity of the hall, not less than:

	seats in the hall

7.6.16 In circus buildings, it is allowed to use service entrances for spectators to access seats located on the flat floor in front of the first row. Seats for disabled people in circus halls should be placed near evacuation hatches in those rows whose plane is at the same level as the foyer. In this case, the passage area must be increased to at least 2.2 m (in places where disabled people are expected to be accommodated).

Religious, ritual and memorial buildings and structures

7.6.17 The architectural environment of buildings, structures and complexes for religious purposes, as well as ritual objects for all types of ceremonies, funeral and memorial objects must meet the accessibility requirements for MGN, as well as confessional requirements regarding the placement and equipment of places of ritual events.

7.6.19 Traffic routes intended for people with disabilities and other disabled people should not fall into the traffic zones of religious and other ceremonial processions and access routes for motorcades.

7.6.20 In the seating area, at least 3% of the seats are recommended to be reserved for people with disabilities in wheelchairs (but not less than one).

When constructing ablution places in religious and ritual buildings and structures, as well as in their areas, at least one place should be equipped for disabled people in wheelchairs.

7.6.21 Distance from the edge of the traffic path to places where flowers, wreaths, garlands, stones, amulets are laid, icons, candles, lamps are installed, holy water is distributed, etc. should not exceed 0.6 m. Height - from 0.6 to 1.2 m from the floor level.

The width (front) of the approach to the place of worship is at least 0.9 m.

7.6.22 In the territories of cemeteries and necropolises, access to MGN must be ensured:

to burial sites, to columbariums of all types;

to administration, trade, food and service buildings for visitors, to public toilets;

to water dispensers and watering bowls;

to exhibition areas;

to memorial public facilities.

7.6.23 At the entrance to the territory of cemeteries and necropolises, mnemonic diagrams of the layout of cemeteries and necropolises should be provided on the right side in the direction of travel.

Along traffic routes through cemeteries, rest areas with seating areas should be provided at least every 300 m.

7.7 Buildings of facilities serving society and the state

7.7.1 The general requirements for the accessibility of the main groups of premises and administrative buildings where MGN reception occurs are:

their preferred placement at the entrance level;

mandatory presence of a reference and information service; possible combination of a reference and information service and a reception desk;

if there are premises for collective use (conference rooms, meeting rooms, etc.), it is advisable to place them no higher than the second level (floor).

7.7.2 In the lobbies of administrative buildings, it is recommended to provide an area for service machines (telephones, pay phones, sales, etc.) and a reserve area for kiosks.

The information desk in the lobbies and in areas of specialized services for the disabled should be clearly visible from the entrance and easily distinguished by visually impaired visitors.

7.7.3 Courtrooms must be accessible to all categories of people with disabilities.

There must be room in the jury box for a disabled person in a wheelchair. The plaintiff's and attorney's seats, including the lectern, must be accessible.

There should be a place in the room for a sign language interpreter, convenient for cross-examination by all participants in the trial.

If detention cells are provided at the courtroom, then one of the cells must be accessible to a disabled person in a wheelchair. Such a cell may be intended for several courtrooms.

Solid partitions, security glazing or separating tables that separate visitors from detainees in penitentiary visiting areas must have at least one accessible seat on each side.

7.7.4 The minimum size of the room area (office or cabin) for individual reception (per one workplace) is recommended to be 12.

In reception premises with several service points, it is recommended to make one of the service points or several service points arranged in a common area accessible to the MGN.

7.7.5 The pension payments department should provide intercoms with two-way switching capabilities.

7.7.6 In the buildings of institutions and enterprises that contain operating and cash rooms intended for serving visitors, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for unhindered accessibility of MGN.

In all buildings of credit and financial institutions and postal service enterprises, it is recommended to install a system for the organized reception of visitors, consisting of a machine that issues coupons indicating the priority of reception; light displays above the doors of the corresponding offices and windows indicating the number of the next visitor.

7.7.7 It is recommended to include the following as premises of banking institutions to which client access is not limited by technological requirements:

cash block (cash room and depository);

operating block (entrance group of premises, operating room and cash desks);

auxiliary and service premises (rooms for negotiations with clients and loan processing, lobby, front lobby, pass office).

7.7.8 In addition to the cash register room, it is recommended to include in the visitor accessibility zone of enterprises:

entrance with a vestibule (universal type - for all groups of visitors);

pre-barrier (visitor) part of the delivery department, combined, if necessary, with an area for individual storage of subscription publications and correspondence;

call center (with areas for long-distance telephone booths, including payphones, and waiting);

currency exchange and sales kiosks (if available).

7.7.9 If there are several island (autonomous) workplaces for operator operators, one is adapted to serve disabled people.

7.7.10 When calculating the area of ​​office premises, the area per disabled person using a wheelchair should be taken into account equal to 7.65.

8 Special requirements for places of employment

8.2 When designing buildings of institutions, organizations and enterprises, workplaces for disabled people should be provided in accordance with professional rehabilitation programs for disabled people developed by local social protection authorities.

The number and types of workplaces for disabled people (specialized or regular), their placement in the space-planning structure of the building (dispersed or in specialized workshops, production areas and special premises), as well as the necessary additional premises are established in the design assignment.

8.3 Workplaces for disabled people must be safe for health and rationally organized. The design assignment should establish their specialization and, if necessary, include a set of furniture, equipment and auxiliary devices specially adapted for a specific type of disability, including taking into account GOST R 51645.

8.4 In the working area of ​​the premises, a set of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the microclimate must be met in accordance with GOST 12.01.005, as well as additional requirements established depending on the type of illness of disabled people.

8.5 The distance to restrooms, smoking rooms, rooms for heating or cooling, half-showers, drinking water supply devices from workplaces intended for disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders and visual impairments should be no more than, m:

Adjacent placement of men's and women's restrooms for the visually impaired is undesirable.

8.6 Individual closets in household premises of enterprises and institutions must be combined (for storing street, home and work clothes).

8.7 Sanitary services for working disabled people must be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 44.13330 and this document.

In sanitary premises, the number of cabins and devices necessary for disabled people working at an enterprise or institution with impaired musculoskeletal system and visual impairments should be determined on the basis of: at least one universal shower cabin for three disabled people, at least one washbasin for seven disabled people, regardless of the sanitary characteristics of production processes.

8.8 If it is difficult for disabled people in wheelchairs to access public catering places in enterprises and institutions, an additional food room should be provided with an area of ​​1.65 for each disabled person, but not less than 12.