The initial stage of mastitis. Anatomy and physiology of the mammary glands

Lactostasis most likely.

Here is literally the wisdom of the world on this issue

Mastitis.

Mastitis usually begins in the first month after childbirth.
The main pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, which causes inflammation. It gets inside mainly through cracks, which determines the timing of its appearance - mothers with improper attachment do not yet know how and cannot deal with it. Mastitis is usually preceded by lactostasis, with purulent mastitis- Always.
According to the types of inflammatory processes, mastitis is divided into serous, infiltrative, infiltrative-purulent, abscessing, gangrenous, and phlegmonous.

Basic:
Serous mastitis: temperature up to 38C, breast pain, when emptying the breast it does not become easier, swelling, redness.
Infiltration: the same thing, but a clear area of compaction can be felt, milk is expressed poorly.
Purulent: temperature rises to 40C, general weakness, insomnia, pale skin appears, sharp pain when you press on the inflamed area, severe swelling.
Uninfected mastitis occurs after lactostasis with poor emptying of the breast; you need to take the same measures as for lactostasis.

For serous and infiltrative mastitis, treatment with antibiotics is indicated; breast emptying is mandatory. If antibiotics are compatible with breastfeeding, then stopping feeding is highly undesirable. Purulent mastitis, as a rule, they operate; after the operation, breastfeeding can be resumed. Drugs that suppress lactation are extremely undesirable at any stage, although many doctors strongly recommend them. Undesirable for many reasons: severe interference with metabolism, large number side effects, often incompatibility with hepatitis B.
If you have mastitis or suspect mastitis, be sure to consult a doctor.

Lactostasis.

Lactostasis is stagnation of milk in the breast. First, pain appears, as with hematomas, slight swelling of the breasts, areas with lactostasis can be easily felt, the temperature can rise to 38C.
Causes of lactostasis:
1. poor and irregular breast emptying:
- incorrect application;
- feeding according to the schedule;
- no night feedings.
2. Chest injuries.
3. Squeezing the ducts with an incorrectly selected bra.
4. Hyperlactation.
5. Narrowness of the ducts.
6. Mastopathy.
7. Previous damage to the ducts (surgeries, mammoplasty, implants).
8. Sleep on your stomach.
9. Stress, stress and depression.
10. Temperature changes - contrast shower, For example.
11. Lack of fluid in the mother’s diet.

There cannot be mastitis for the first 1-2 days; it does not develop instantly. And if you behave correctly with your breasts, non-infectious mastitis will not begin.

What is the difference between lactostasis and mastitis?

With lactostasis, emptying the breast instantly makes it easier condition - temperature falls, the heaviness in the chest disappears. With mastitis, bowel movements do not bring relief and the temperature does not decrease. When palpated, lactostasis is lumpy, and the infiltrate is a smooth plate with clear edges.

Methods for treating lactostasis.

1. The main and most important way is to place the child on the sore breast with the chin to the seal. All other methods are auxiliary.
2. Before feeding, you can warm your breasts to expand the ducts. Not hot water or compresses, but warm, 37-38C. Before feeding, you can take a warm shower and breastfeed, hanging over the bathtub, lightly stroking your breasts. Warm shower dilates the ducts and helps milk come out of the breast more easily. You can apply moistened warm water diaper
3. After feeding, you can apply cold compress-cottage cheese from the refrigerator, chopped cabbage, ointments that the doctor will prescribe. The main thing is that the compresses are cold, and in no case warm, so as not to provoke the flow of milk. And not icy and cold, it is also not advisable to apply ice.
4. Drink between feedings better liquid room temperature, not hot, so as not to cause hot flashes.
5. You should only pump if you know how to do it. Pain when pumping is a signal that you are pumping incorrectly. You should pump with light stroking movements from the base of the breast to the nipple.
6. If possible, then you should go for an ultrasound massage in a residential complex or maternity hospital. Perhaps they will prescribe other physical procedures for you there.
7. During feeding, you can stroke the sore lobule in the direction from the base to the nipple.

All these measures should be continued until complete recovery.
If lactostasis is repeated cyclically and appears in one place or nearby, then this may indicate that the previous lactostasis has not completely passed, or that some duct is narrower. If it happens again, you should go for physical therapy and place your child’s chin on the problem lobe for prevention.
Since lactostasis usually appears in one breast, it is preferable to give it to that breast and strain the other breast until relief occurs.

What not to do:
1. No need to make any alcohol-containing and camphor compresses. This is a common recommendation, but alcohol suppresses the production of oxytocin, and milk is released from the breast worse, alcohol penetrates into the milk and heats, which provokes inflammation. Camphor suppresses lactation.
2. You should not drink drugs that suppress lactation and sage. This will not help the situation, but the effect may be irreversible.
3. You shouldn’t ask your husband to help - a child sucks differently than an adult, he seems to be lapping up milk, and a husband won’t do that. In addition, the risk of infection is very high - husbands' mouths are usually unsterile.
4. You will probably be advised to call a nurse or midwife to pump, but I don’t recommend doing this - most visiting specialists pump dry and through pain, often injuring the ducts, which can lead to a recurrence of lactostasis.
5. You should not limit drinking - lactation decreases only when dehydration is more than 10%, but discomfort due to thirst will be added to chest pain.

Prevention of lactostasis.

1. Do not wear any clothing that constricts or presses down your chest. It is better to avoid bras with underwires until breastfeeding is completed; sports tops are fine, but make sure they do not press anywhere.
2. Don't sleep on your chest.
3. Avoid chest injuries. Even a small hand can cause large lactostasis.
4. Constantly, at least a couple of times a day, feel the breast, and as soon as a lump appears, place the child’s chin on it.
5. Avoid sudden changes in temperature; in winter, even your husband can hang laundry on the balcony, or dress warmly. Sharp contractions of the ducts also cause lactostasis.
6. Feed on demand, and if you feed according to a schedule, do not pump dry and carefully examine your breasts.

Lactostasis and engorgement during weaning.

With abrupt weaning and the inability to attach the baby, a situation arises in which standard advice is not suitable.
If there is an overabundance and the breast is not emptied, milk is reabsorbed, and its quantity itself decreases, but milk still arrives, and the problem needs to be solved.

What to do:
1. Reduce the quantity, that is, it is necessary and the only way to express it until a state of relief occurs. If your breasts are not full, do not pump. And reduce the frequency. If you feel that everything is fine, then do not touch your breasts.
2. Drink sage and mint, they inhibit lactation.
3. Carefully inspect the breast for lumps and apply immediately preventive measures, if there are seals.

What not to do:
1. Do not bandage. This barbaric method will remove milk, but very often with the help of mastitis. When dressing, mastitis usually appears upper lobe, which is difficult to both strain and diagnose. Without bandaging, the milk drainage process will take the same amount of time.
2. Do not take drugs to suppress prolactin - Parlodel, Bromocriptine, Dostinex. All of them are not meant to oppress physiological lactation and cause many side effects, including death. Moreover, when physiological lactation is suppressed, their number increases.
3. Alcohol and camphor compresses in this case will also interfere with the outflow of milk, as with lactostasis and provoke inflammation.

Additional information.
No-spa is an antispasmodic, it is often recommended by midwives in cases of lactostasis, but using it during breastfeeding is undesirable and useless for this purpose.
Paracetamol is an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug, the drug of first choice for nursing mothers.
Analgin and aspirin are incompatible with breastfeeding, and they are most often recommended by doctors and emergency paramedics.
Sage suppresses lactation, but the effect does not come immediately, so if you decide to drink it to reduce the amount of milk, but not to suppress lactation, the result may be a complete loss of milk.

It is likely that you have milk stagnation (lactostasis). It is imperative to take measures to eliminate it, and not wait a few days to see whether it will resolve on its own or not.
What helped me:
1. Feed the baby from the sore breast as often as possible, while not forgetting to offer the healthy one as it becomes full, so that stagnation does not occur in it.
2. Between feedings, put ice on the sore spot (it will delay the pain and stop the inflammation). This is if the pain is severe in the chest.
3. Between feedings, make a compress of cottage cheese on the affected part. Take cold cottage cheese (from the refrigerator, but not from the freezer!), take a gauze, put it on the affected part, put the cottage cheese on top and then put the gauze again. Keep for 15-20 minutes until the cottage cheese warms up and dries. Lactic acid breaks up stagnation very well.
4. IMMEDIATELY BEFORE feeding, place a very warm (but not hot!) heating pad on the affected lobe for 5-10 minutes - it will help to better open the ducts and improve the outflow of milk.
5. DURING feeding, massage the affected lobe with a full palm in the direction from the periphery to the nipple. But without pressing, so as not to injure the chest. This will also help improve milk flow.
6. Eliminate from your wardrobe all bras with underwires and all tight bras - they very often cause lactostasis. Keep only soft cotton nursing bras.
7. Change the feeding position so that lower jaw the child (suckling) fell on the sick lot - you can feed from the armpit, hanging over the child on all fours, etc.
8. You can also express under a warm shower (remember that you need to massage the affected part without applying pressure, so as not to injure it even more), and also apply cabbage leaves. I haven't used these methods.
9. Remember that the task is not to express as much milk as possible from the breast, but to break through stagnation, and for this it is usually enough for a drop to come out that clogs the milk duct.
10. If there is a fever, then it must be brought down, for example, with Tylenol (or any other drug acceptable during breastfeeding)
What you should never do:
1. Alcohol and alcohol-containing compresses - alcohol suppresses the production of oxytocin in cells, and thereby suppresses the outflow of milk, while the task, on the contrary, is to improve it and break through stagnation
2. Warming the breasts between feedings, making warm compresses will cause an influx of milk between feedings, and will also worsen inflammation.
3. Stop feeding from the sore breast
Phew..I think I wrote everything. I tried this scheme on myself three times - three times I had lactostasis with a high temperature. I successfully recovered all three times, and I am still feeding the baby. Good luck and health to you and the baby!

Inflammation of the mammary gland, provoked by pathogens, is classified in medicine as mastitis. This disease is considered quite common - on average, mastitis is diagnosed in 16% of women. More often inflammatory process in the mammary gland it begins in a nursing mother, and in those who are doing this for the first time - the woman simply does not know how to properly attach the baby to the breast, which leads to stagnation of milk, and this is a provoking factor.

Unfortunately, preventive measures do not give the expected result; mastitis is being diagnosed by doctors more and more often. This is why women should be aware of the symptoms of this disease and methods of its treatment, especially since in most cases the patient can be helped with folk remedies.

Reasons for the development of mastitis

As mentioned above, the development of the disease in question is associated with the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the mammary gland and in most cases they are such. However, if a woman has any pathological process in her body chronic course caused by another type of pathogenic microorganisms, then they will be the cause of the development of mastitis. Often doctors diagnose the disease in question, which was caused by! And this is explained simply: the infection enters the mammary gland along with the bloodstream.

The main reason for the development of mastitis is stagnation of milk in the gland (lactostasis) - this environment is ideal for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, the infection develops rapidly and provokes inflammation/suppuration.

Important! The main way prevention of lactostasis - proper attachment of the baby to the breast. A video workshop from lactation consultant Nina Zaichenko will help you learn how to properly latch on to your baby.

Types of mastitis

Doctors differentiate several types of the disease in question, each of which has its own course:

Classification of mastitis is not difficult - as a rule, a specialist can accurately diagnose and differentiate the type of disease at the patient’s first appointment.

Diagnostic measures

The symptoms of mastitis are so pronounced that a woman herself can diagnose this disease. But still, you definitely need to visit a specialist - he will prescribe, evaluate the infiltrate and the amount of purulent contents, and collect milk from the diseased mammary gland for testing. bacteriological research- you need to find out which one pathogen provoked the development of the inflammatory process. Such diagnostics will help to prescribe effective treatment and prevent the development of possible complications.

Please note:no matter how much mastitis progresses and what type of inflammation is diagnosed, this disease is a categorical contraindication to feeding a child. The fact is that with mastitis, the mother’s milk is infected and needs to be expressed. Usually it is allowed to feed the child 5 days after the end of treatment, so that the milk no longer contains traces of antibiotics.

Mastitis is an inflammatory process that usually occurs without complications. But a woman must promptly seek qualified medical help in order to receive competent and effective treatment.

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category

If mastitis is detected, treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Mastitis is inflammation of the female breast. Why is mastitis dangerous? It often appears during lactation, in the first months after childbirth, as a complication postpartum period. Pathology is provoked by bacteria and stagnation of milk in the mammary gland. The disease is rare in nulliparous women, persons old age, men and babies.

Treatment of mastitis depends on its stage:

Early period - serous mastitis. It is characterized by the first, often nonspecific manifestations of the disease. Symptoms include general weakness, fever, drowsiness. The affected gland is painful, swollen, enlarged, and hot to the touch.
Infiltrative mastitis occurs as the disease progresses. Symptoms intensify, an increase in fever is noted, and painful lump in iron.
Purulent mastitis is the terminal stage of pathology development. This type of mastitis in women is manifested by suppuration of the chest area.

To treat mastitis in women, you will need to take a test. laboratory tests, undergo instrumental diagnostics.

Experts are researching:

blood - carried out general analysis blood
milk - they inoculate it for sterility, determining the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics

The first symptoms of the disease (malaise, fever, inflamed nipple cracks, poor milk flow from the gland) should force the woman to see a gynecologist. This will prevent the rapid progression of the process, preventing symptoms of complications. Therapy is prescribed individually, analyzing the symptoms, complexity, prevalence of the process, and the patient’s well-being.

Taking antibiotics

For mastitis, treatment is prescribed until the examination results are received. After deciphering the data, the treatment regimen is adjusted. It is recommended to stop breastfeeding during the treatment period. This is necessary for the health of the baby (causative agents of illnesses can enter the body with milk, medications included in the treatment of mastitis). Therefore, the child is transferred to artificial feeding.

Mastitis is treated with antibiotics. The choice of drug is based on its ability to penetrate the gland tissue and its spectrum of action. Treatment of mastitis includes means that can create a large concentration of the substance in the gland, quickly destroying the pathogen.

Most often prescribed parenteral route administration - intramuscular or intravenous. Sometimes tablet medications are chosen. The duration of the chosen therapy is at least 7 days (it all depends on the form of the disease and the response to medications).

Medicines of other groups

An important aspect effective fight With the disease is regular emptying of the breasts, and as a result, a decrease in lactation.

For this purpose use:

Hormonal medications (Oxytocin) - to improve milk flow.
Parlodel - to reduce milk production.

A woman needs to express herself without allowing her milk to stagnate. This will improve general health sick, condition of an inflamed gland. At the same time, lactation is maintained (for further breastfeeding after recovery), and opening of the glands is prevented. Express at breastfeeding- every 3-4 hours.

When mastitis passes into a purulent or abscessive phase, surgical therapy is required. It is recommended to open purulent abscess. This prevents formidable complications illness. For complex mastitis, experts recommend making incisions. The procedure relieves the feeling of fullness in the chest, improving the outflow of pus. Next component complex treatment- powerful infusion therapy.

The following is administered parenterally:

glucose
saline solutions
immunoglobulins

Each drug in these groups reduces signs of intoxication in the body (binds bacterial toxins), improves tissue metabolism, and increases the protective capabilities of a weakened body. After the general condition of the patients has normalized and local signs of inflammation have disappeared, a re-examination is carried out. If there are no signs of the pathogen, you can return to breastfeeding. Feeding mode - at the baby's first request. The number of feedings should be limited only to the child's needs.

Alternative therapy

How to get rid of mastitis using alternative medicine? Similar treatment combines with traditional medicine. Consultation with specialists is required in advance. Physiotherapy - important component complex treatment of mastitis. Experts advise visiting physiotherapy rooms. As an alternative, you can use available and effective methods for doing at home.

Required condition successful treatment is the patient's personal hygiene. Skin discharge, sweat is a favorable environment for the development of microorganisms. When showering, it is recommended to direct the stream warm water on the glands, alternating with a stream of cool water (contrast method). This improves microcirculation and enhances cell metabolism.

Such a massage solves the question of how to treat mastitis in nursing: the technique expands the ducts, helping to improve the outflow of milk and restore its production. It is strictly forbidden to use hot liquid: it provokes the spread of pathology, intensifying its manifestation.

Physical activity

Uncomplicated sports loads at home they helped save many women from mastitis. Such activity is an excellent way to cure mastitis, since it is aimed at increasing blood flow and lymph outflow in the affected gland. Due to this, all congestion. The advantage of the method: it is suitable for all patients, regardless of gender, age and level of physical fitness.

The complex consists of several exercises that successfully treat the disease:

Squeezing a small ball between your palms, keeping your arms straight and in front of your chest.
Several push-ups, depending on your preparation - from the floor, bench, or sofa.
To prevent incisions due to mastitis, salt intake is limited. It has been proven that it provokes swelling, increases pain, delaying recovery. Salt is used externally. Compresses are made from it (use sea or regular salt).

Hypothermia may occur etiological factor illness. But cold can be used in medicinal purposes. What should you do if you have mastitis? To strengthen the capillaries, you should wipe the gland with frozen water or decoctions of medicinal plants. Cold compresses are often used. This treatment should only be used in non-breastfeeding women, as cold can slow down milk production.

Healing herbs in the fight against illness

Some herbs own bactericidal effect, which alleviates the symptoms of the disease. Herbs have a resolving effect and relieve pain. Most plants are used externally, some of them are intended for internal use. They work better than the mastitis pill.

Sage is an important herb used to inhibit lactation while treating mastitis. In addition, it contains tannins, acids, coumarin. This achieves anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial effect. Sage flowers, leaves, and stems are used, from which an infusion is prepared for internal use.
Sweet clover contains essential oils, tannins, flavonoids. Due to this, it is possible to overcome swelling and improve function lymphatic system. The plant is indispensable for illness: ointment for mastitis with sweet clover relieves pain and swelling in the gland. Compresses made from sweet clover are successfully used. To do this, prepare an infusion: pour boiling water over the raw materials and leave for 10 minutes. The fabric is soaked in the liquid and secured to the chest for several hours. After 2-3 procedures, the symptoms of the disease subside.
Alder - healing tree. Black alder leaves are of particular value; ointment is prepared from them. By using it, the baby and its symptoms will disappear in a matter of days. To prepare it you need plant leaves and melted butter. They are mixed and kept in a cool, dark place. For mastitis, you can use an infusion of alder leaves. Shredded fresh leaves pour boiling water over and leave for 20 minutes. The tissue is moistened in this solution and applied to the mammary gland several times a day for 10 minutes.
Chamomile has a strong antibacterial effect. Therefore, it is always used for infections. To relieve pain and reduce swelling, use an infusion of the plant. To prepare it, dry flowers are poured with boiling water and left for 30 minutes. Moisten a cloth with this infusion and apply it to the chest several times a day.

Cabbage

Cabbage - powerful tool to fight the disease. Unique properties has juice from the vegetable. Healing compresses are prepared from it. Fresh can also be used cabbage leaf. To obtain juice, the leaf is beaten with a wooden hammer. The product resolves lumps and reduces pain in the gland.

In nursing women, mastitis often occurs due to stagnation of milk; cabbage copes well with this ailment. Applying a cabbage leaf scalded in boiling water is considered effective. The softened sheet is applied to the chest until it cools. The method perfectly reduces swelling and eliminates pain.

In elderly people, the disease is treated with cabbage leaves smeared with oil. To enhance the effect, sprinkle the leaf with salt and fix such a compress on the chest overnight. Doctors recommend using cabbage pulp to combat the disease: chop the cabbage and add yogurt. The mixture is kept on the iron for several hours. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to use dill decoction; dill seeds are poured with boiling milk and left for 30 minutes.

Use of honey and oils

Honey is often used for mastitis. There are several products that contain this substance:

flower-honey ointment
mixture of baked onions and honey
honey cake (a mixture of honey and flour to fix a dense pancake on the chest)

Camphor oil is an effective substance for mastitis. Used for additional therapy.

Popular recipes:

mixture of vodka and oil for compress
ointment made from oil and baby cream
combination of cabbage juice and camphor oil
honey cream, butter, camphor
combination of camphor and sea buckthorn oils
combination camphor oil and baked onion

Peppermint oil has a beneficial effect on blood flow and increases oxygen supply. Due to this, they are normalized metabolic processes damaged areas of the gland. This substance is mixed with olive or sunflower oil and rubbed into the chest. It is especially effective for mastitis of hormonal etiology. The product is used daily until the symptoms of the pathology completely disappear. It is used to prevent illness.

It is useful to use mint for aromatic tea. This medicine calms, relieves pain during mastitis, and improves body tone. To prepare it, pour boiling water over fresh or dry leaves and leave for 5 minutes. Consume warm several times a day.

Mastitis - serious pathology, but with the correct and timely therapy responds well to treatment.

The value of breastfeeding for both the health of the child and the young mother is undeniable. However, quite often the process is in danger of being interrupted due to the development of inflammatory processes in the mammary glands of a nursing woman.

Specifics of development and general symptoms of the disease

Mastitis is often complicated by lactostasis developing in the mammary gland. It is characterized by an active inflammatory process that occurs for various reasons, most often it is infectious processes. If the disease occurs during breastfeeding, the cause may also be excess milk, which is retained in the mammary glands and forms lumps.

It is breastfeeding mothers who constitute a risk group. Mastitis can also develop when a crack or other wound appears on the areola of the nipple, through which infection penetrates. Negative factor The period of menopause is also considered when hormonal imbalance. In prenatal women, mastitis develops extremely rarely.

Based on the causes of the disease, mastitis is divided into two main types: lactation (occurring during breastfeeding) and non-lactation (developing at other times, independent of childbirth). The pathological process proceeds almost the same way, regardless of its type.

Highlight the following types mastitis:

Each type of pathology has characteristic features mastitis, which distinguishes them from other inflammatory processes in the mammary gland. You can determine inflammation yourself at the initial stage, however, accurate diagnosis Only a doctor can.

The first signs of the disease usually appear almost immediately after the onset of the inflammatory process. The very first symptom that helps determine the presence of abnormalities is a lump in the chest.

The following visual symptoms of mastitis are also noted:

redness skin mammary gland;
temperature up to 40 degrees;

In the absence timely diagnosis and therapy for the patient:

At breastfeeding Milk mixed with blood or pus may be released. The cause of such discharge is an abscess, which indicates the development of an acute form of the disease.

Symptoms of the disease depending on its form

Mastitis is an inflammatory process that can occur in different shapes, depending on the reasons that prompted it and the factors contributing to its progression.

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In medicine, there are six stages of the disease:

Determine the form of pathology without the help of a doctor and special examination very difficult. Each type of disease manifests itself special features, characteristic of him. In this case, the patient also experiences the above listed general symptoms mastitis.

Serous stage

Diagnose the pathology of the serous form without medical care very difficult, since the symptoms are similar to lactostasis. Only a specialist can make an accurate diagnosis. However, the signs of serous stage mastitis are clearly expressed.

Symptoms include:

The serous form develops within two to three days. If the pathology is not diagnosed at this stage, the disease quickly progresses to the next form.

Infiltrative form

The most commonly diagnosed type of mastitis. When therapy is started in a timely manner, it does not progress to other stages. The infiltrative form is characterized by the formation of a purulent focus of inflammation, which in most cases forms on the surface of the skin of the breast (mainly on its upper area).

Signs of the infiltrative form are:

When pathology develops during lactation, milk production does not stop, but it flows out with difficulty. In this regard, there is additional negative impact on the chest, which aggravates the situation.

Purulent form

Development purulent form most often occurs gradually. In rare cases, mastitis progresses acutely. The symptoms of the disease are characterized gradual increase intensity of signs. The purulent type of disease is preceded by rapid development the first two forms.

Purulent inflammation is accompanied by:

Upon palpation, a mobile neoplasm with a dense consistency can be detected. Palpation is accompanied by pain. On purulent stage the infiltrate no longer has clear outlines.

Abscess stage

An abscess form of the disease develops in the absence of treatment with purulent inflammation. All symptoms of the previous stages become significantly worse and are complemented by other symptoms.

The abscess stage is characterized by:

The infiltrate of an abscess is strictly localized. Its boundaries are clear. In the absence medical therapy or other methods of exposure, the pus begins to spread.

Phlegmonous mastitis

Exacerbation of an abscess is a phlegmonous stage. At this stage, mastitis affects the entire mammary gland. General condition women's condition deteriorates sharply and severely. Symptoms are of high intensity, resulting in severe painful sensations and other signs of the inflammatory process.

The signs of mastitis at the phlegmonous stage are as follows:

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During diagnosis, changes in laboratory tests are also noted: very low hemoglobin, an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood and the appearance of protein in the urine.

Gangrenous mastitis

Lack of treatment for phlegmonous form or violation immune system lead to the development of the most dangerous type of mastitis - the gangrenous stage. At this stage, breast tissue can become necrotic. Gangrenous mastitis is nothing more than the formation of gangrene, which is characterized by complete tissue decomposition, accompanied by purulent processes.

Symptoms of gangrenous mastitis are acute:

In advanced cases, the skin of the mammary glands has open gangrene, which gradually increases the affected area. In this case, treatment can only be carried out surgical method through partial or complete removal mammary gland. Breastfeeding in case of gangrene is impossible.

Diagnostics

Self-diagnosis for mastitis can be dangerous. You should examine your breasts yourself very carefully. At the first stage, you can only determine the presence of abnormalities; it is impossible to make a diagnosis yourself.

It is impossible to identify pathology without the help of a specialist, even if acute forms disease, however, palpation of the chest and assessment of symptoms can suggest a diagnosis. It is possible to accurately determine the type of disease only after visiting a doctor (surgeon or mammologist) and undergoing a full examination.

The specialist examines the breast tissue and palpates to identify foci of inflammation. The woman will also need to undergo laboratory tests and undergo a mammogram. The specialist may prescribe an ultrasound to accurately identify the location of the tumors. At the acute purulent stage, a puncture is performed.

To prevent progression dangerous species Mastitis should be contacted by specialists when the first signs are detected pathological process. We should not forget that initial stages illnesses progress very quickly.

Do you still think that it is impossible to CURE MASTOPATHY forever?

60% of women suffer from mastopathy. The worst thing is that most women are sure that mastopathy is the norm and do not rush to see a doctor... but the risk of BREAST CANCER forming in its place is very high... If you notice:

aching or nagging pain in the chest area before menstruation...
sensations of swelling and swelling of the mammary glands. It's like my breasts have gotten bigger...
tension, compactions and nodules. You can feel the lymph nodes under your armpit...
nipple discharge...
change in the shape of the breasts, the skin on the nipples retracted and cracks appeared...
change in body weight...

All these symptoms may indicate the development of MASTOPATHY. But perhaps it would be more correct to treat not the effect, but the CAUSE? That is why we recommend reading Elena Malysheva’s new technique, which found effective remedy for the treatment of MASTOPATHY and breast restoration in general.

Among the complex and dangerous women's diseases A special place is occupied by inflammation of the mammary gland - mastitis, to which absolutely all women are susceptible. But, despite this, there are many excellent ways to cure such an illness without consequences and complications.

Mastitis, or as it is also called, breastfeeding - insidious disease, the development of which can be provoked either by infection, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, or stagnation of milk in the mammary gland. As a rule, this disease occurs in a unilateral form, that is, in one breast. However, there are rare cases bilateral forms of mastitis.

To a greater extent, only women who have given birth suffer from breastfeeding, and not only those who safely feed their children, but also non-breastfeeding new mothers. This is due hormonal changes in the female body after pregnancy and childbirth, as well as the beginning of lactation (the process of producing breast milk). However, it is worth noting that not only women in labor can be susceptible to the disease, but also those representatives of the fair sex who have any of the following health problems:

We will separately highlight other reasons why mastitis may occur. One of them is more concerned with young girls who have had their nipple pierced. During this procedure, if carried out independently and without observing hygienic and sanitary standards, you can introduce an infection into the body, which will become the causative agent of inflammation of the mammary gland.

Another reason is when a woman wears tight underwear, leading to compression of the breasts and mammary tissue, which in turn can lead to their deformation and improper development.

What mastitis looks like: photo

Forms of mastitis

Inflammation of the breast can occur in several forms, depending on which the woman will experience symptoms varying degrees severity:

Serous form of mastitis – initial form a disease in which a woman’s breasts greatly increase in volume and upon palpation she feels pain. In addition, it can rise high temperature. This form of breastfeeding is mainly characteristic of nursing mothers who have had stagnation of milk (lactostasis), causing inflammation, because, as you know, there are a lot of different types of milk in breast milk. nutrients, and this is the most favorable environment for bacteria to live. As a rule, the serous form of mastitis is quickly and easily treated at home with folk remedies.

Infiltrative form of the breast - a more complex stage of development of the disease, which occurs if the woman does not start timely treatment serous form of mastitis. Except characteristic symptoms For serous inflammation mammary gland, the woman still has a fever, her breasts appear solid seals, which cause cutting pain. Seals will also make themselves felt externally. Redness will appear in the places where they are located on the skin of the chest. This breast shape on our own it can no longer be cured. During the visit to the doctor, the woman will be prescribed special antibiotics.

Purulent form of mastitis– untreated infiltrative mastitis, that is, the lump begins to fester, resulting in an abscess that requires surgical intervention.

Types of mastitis

As we mentioned above, mastitis can occur both in women giving birth and in other women at risk. In view of this, inflammation of the mammary gland is divided into the following types:

Lactation mastitis, which 7-16% of new breastfeeding mothers face.

Unfortunately, with such a diagnosis, a woman is strictly prohibited from feeding her baby in the future, since the milk is infected and poses a danger to the child’s health. It is necessary to suppress the process of milk production using drugs specially designed for this and do everything possible to get rid of the infection.

Some people confuse mastitis with lactostasis, which has similar symptoms of mastitis in a nursing mother women. However, in fact, lactostasis is one of the main and first causes of breastfeeding. Therefore, the mother in labor first of all needs to do everything necessary measures to prevent stagnation of milk. To do this, you need to pump in a timely manner and feed the baby on demand at any time of the day.

The second cause of mastitis in nursing mothers is failure to comply with personal hygiene rules. Before and after each feeding, nipples should be thoroughly washed and treated. by special means, which moisturize and nourish the skin. Indeed, during feeding, cracks often form on the nipples, through which infection can easily enter the body and cause mastitis.

We cannot fail to mention one more important reason emergence mastitis during breastfeeding– the presence of an inflammatory process infectious nature in any other organ of the woman. This could be the throat, tonsils, nose, ear and even teeth. Immunity drops so much during pregnancy that a similar health problem can occur after childbirth.

Non-lactation mastitis(extremely rare), occurring in women whose bodies have hormonal disorders and other deviations from the norm.

It should be noted that on early stage mastitis in non-breastfeeding patients according to symptoms very different from women who breastfeed. The main signs that they have the disease include:

Increased sweating
The appearance of swelling in the chest
No pain
No temperature or nipple changes
General health is quite satisfactory

Therefore, it is impossible to recognize mastitis in a non-breastfeeding woman at the very first stage unless undergoing regular medical examination from a gynecologist, mammologist and endocrinologist.

Treatment of mastitis

Depending on the type and form of inflammation of the mammary gland, the process of diagnosis and treatment of this disease will depend. We will consider how to treat mastitis lactational and non-lactational.

Treatment of mastitis in nursing mothers women will start with complex diagnostics in order to identify the cause of the disease. To do this, the patient will need to donate blood, breast milk or other nipple discharge on laboratory tests. Their results should identify an infection that needs to be treated with antibiotics.

If no infection is detected (this is possible if serous form breasts), then mastitis can be treated at home. A woman will be able to continue breastfeeding her baby and independently carry out the following manipulations:

Do breast massage using different techniques. Helps very well and relieves pain water massage when massaging the mammary glands is carried out with a stream of water.
Exercise - do at least two basic exercises - push-ups and squeezing your palms in front of you. During these exercises, you train pectoral muscles, which prevents the occurrence of congestion in the mammary glands.
Apply cold compresses three times a day. It turns out that with this procedure you can relieve pain and inflammation. However, breastfeeding mothers will need to exercise extreme caution in this process to ensure that the cold does not affect breast milk production.
Make cabbage wraps (preferably at night). To do this, you need to beat one cabbage leaf with a kitchen hammer so that the juice stands out. With the side of the sheet from which it comes out, apply it to your chest and wrap it loosely with a bandage or cloth. You can grind the cabbage in a meat grinder, and then mix it with yogurt, and make compresses from this mixture.

An alternative to cabbage could be:

Vishnevsky ointment
Vaseline ointment
camphor oil
camomile tea
burdock leaves
pumpkin pulp
sea buckthorn oil
vodka
cottage cheese cakes
baked onion
herbal decoctions from currant leaves, sage, St. John's wort, calendula

Important note! In no case should hot compresses be applied to lactation mastitis, because this can only create a favorable environment for the proliferation of bacteria in the mammary gland that provoked the disease.

If the tests reveal the presence of infection, then without a ten-day course antibacterial therapy it will not be possible to do without, but in this case breastfeeding will definitely be stopped.

What medications are usually prescribed for women with lactation mastitis:

Ampicillin – taken in tablets;
Amoxicillin – also taken in tablet form, but may cause side effects in the form of allergic reactions;
Cefazolin - injected intravenously and intramuscularly.

If the pain is very severe, which is especially true for last stages mastitis, then women are also given pain-relieving injections (Novocaine).

In addition to antibiotics, the patient will also be given injections hormonal drugs, promoting rapid emptying of milk from the breast. These include Oxytocin and Parlodel. To maintain normal condition female body, patients are also given IVs and a course of vitamins is prescribed.

If the case lactation mastitis is too neglected, then doctors resort to surgical intervention.

How to cure mastitis in a non-breastfeeding woman women? Essentially, the course of treatment will be the same. The biggest difficulty in the treatment process will be to establish the cause of breastfeeding. Therefore, the diagnosis of the disease is broader.

It includes the following procedures:

Ultrasound diagnostics of the breast (at the site of inflammation)
Tomography to detect tumors in the mammary gland
Complete gynecological examination(examination and tests)
Tests for hormone levels to detect endocrine disorders

If the root cause of mastitis in a non-breastfeeding woman is an infection, she will be prescribed the above course of antibiotics. If the disease occurs against the background of a weakened immune system, the patient will be prescribed vitamin complexes And herbal preparations. If mastitis occurs after a chest injury, treatment will consist of physiotherapeutic procedures.

Complications and consequences of mastitis

Mastitis is a disease that, if improperly or untimely treatment may be fatal.

We will name 4 main complications that may arise:

Breast abscess, when large cavities filled with pus form in the mammary glands;
Cellulitis, which is characterized by the spread of pus throughout the chest, accompanied by extensive inflammation, swelling, bluish skin and high fever;
Gangrene – the skin of the breast becomes black, blistered and dead. With this complication, doctors often resort to amputation of the breast;
Sepsis - pus from the mammary gland enters the blood, resulting in blood poisoning and death of the patient.

Prevention of mastitis

If we're talking about about a nursing woman, then the best prevention mastitis will result from frequent latching of the baby to the breast. In addition, new mothers during lactation need to wear special high-quality underwear that does not compress the breasts and allows her skin to breathe. Of course, it is important to follow the rules of personal hygiene - wash your nipples with baby soap after each feeding.

Women who do not breastfeed, first of all, need to be examined regularly. Under no circumstances should you overcool and start infectious diseases, even if they are not related to the mammary gland.

Video: Mastitis: safety precautions for nursing mothers

In this excerpt from the TV show “Live Healthy!” experts talk with Elena Malysheva, what to do for mastitis lactating women.