Clinical experience in the use of two-dimensional ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses for sinusitis in outpatient practice. What does an ultrasound of the sinuses show? Do an ultrasound of the sinuses

Not every person has heard about such an interesting study as ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses and other sinuses. In fact, this is a fairly long-used and simple diagnosis. In our article we will talk about this research method.

What does an ultrasound of the sinuses show?

We are all accustomed to the fact that ultrasound involves obtaining an image of an organ or tissue on a device screen. Ultrasound of the paranasal sinuses is called echosinusoscopy and, strictly speaking, this is completely different from the ultrasound that everyone is used to.

The thing is that ultrasound cannot penetrate certain media. Such environments and tissues include cavities with gas, for example, lungs, intestinal loops or bone. In children of the first year of life, ultrasound examination of the brain can be easily performed by placing the sensor on a natural opening in the skull - the fontanel.

In adults, the bones of the skull are very dense, so it is impossible to get an image of the organs and structures hidden underneath them. These intraosseous structures include the paranasal sinuses. Therefore, by placing the sensor on the skin in the projection of the sinuses - frontal or maxillary, we will not get the very expected picture on the screen. Moreover, this research method is not suitable for scanning deeper sinuses - the sphenoid and ethmoid.

A reasonable question arises: why is echosinusoscopy needed? Of course, a more accurate picture of the contents of the cavity can be obtained with computed tomography, radiography of the skull, or. An excellent method for examining the inner surface of the sinuses is sinus endoscopy. However, all these methods are quite complex, many of them have limitations and certain harmful effects during pregnancy and childhood.

Advantages of ultrasound examinations

Even talking about the simplest echoscopy procedure, we can name several obvious advantages:

Absolute safety. Ultrasound has no damaging effect on the human body. An ultrasound of the sinuses of a child or a pregnant woman can be performed absolutely safely.
Can be used as many times as necessary. They try to use this technique for dynamic observation or control of the treatment process.
Ease of use. Ultrasound examinations do not require special techniques. A simple ultrasound machine and a competent specialist are enough.
Cheapness. Compared to computed tomography or magnetic resonance scanning, ultrasound is considered a significantly cheaper and more accessible test.
Speed of research.

Ultrasound examination technique

How is this research carried out? The patient is lubricated with a special acoustic gel over the projection area of the sinuses - above the maxillary or frontal sinuses, and a sensor is placed on them. As a rule, the device should be configured for the simplest diagnostic option - A-mode. During the examination, the doctor tilts the patient's head in different directions. This is done so that fluid or pus, if present, is displaced in the sinus. In such cases, the course of the wave or beam of ultrasonic rays changes.

As we have already said, during an echo examination of the paranasal sinuses, we will not see the usual gray-white picture on the screen. Echosinusoscopy or ultrasound of the sinuses is a graphic image in the form of a curve, which is assessed by the doctor. Such a curve is obtained by recording the path of a beam of rays, which is deflected due to different properties of the media. Ultrasound is reflected from some media, and absorbed by others. This is how a schedule is formed. If there are abnormal formations in the sinus cavity: fluid, polyps, foreign bodies, and so on, the beam will change its direction and speed, and the curve will change. That, in fact, is the whole principle of echoscopy.

Of course, the value of this study is incomparable to CT, MRI or X-ray. Rather, it is an absolutely safe express method for diagnosing certain conditions and diseases of the sinuses.

What does echosinusoscopy show?

We list an approximate list of sinus diseases for which the use of ultrasound is effective:

Volumetric formations of the sinuses: polyps, cysts, foreign bodies.
The presence of inflammatory fluid or.
Monitoring the dynamics of the disease and treatment: changes in fluid levels and space-occupying formations.

This study is mainly used for “problem” categories of patients: children and pregnant women as a starting point in diagnosis.

In recent years, pathology of the paranasal sinuses has taken first place in the structure of diseases of the ENT organs, and the share of maxillary sinusitis among other sinusitis is 56-73%. An otolaryngologist most often deals with various types of acute and chronic sinusitis at an outpatient clinic, so the issues of diagnosing these conditions are extremely important.

The most common symptoms of sinusitis are facial pain, difficulty breathing through the nose, purulent discharge from the nasal cavity and a disorder of smell. More often, pain is localized in the frontal region, less often - in the area of the projection of the maxillary sinus; sphenoiditis is characterized by pain in the back of the head and deep in the head, the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the nose, flashing spots before the eyes, impaired convergence, decreased vision, dizziness, nausea and even vomiting. These symptoms are due to the location of the sphenoid sinus at the base of the skull and the close proximity of the brain, optic, trochlear, oculomotor and abducens nerves. It is known that monosinusitis - damage to one sinus - is a rare pathology. With sinusitis, as a rule, there is damage to several sinuses at the same time, and the symptoms of the pathological process in any sinus may predominate, masking the damage to other paranasal sinuses.

Certain problems arise when carrying out the differential diagnosis of sinusitis with allergic rhinitis, which is often accompanied by significant swelling of the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses.

Traditional methods in the diagnosis of sinusitis are anterior rhinoscopy, survey radiography and diagnostic puncture of the maxillary sinus, as well as bacteriological and cytological examination of secretions from the nasal cavity; in some cases, diaphanoscopy is used.

Anterior rhinoscopy allows one to judge the presence of sinusitis when a mucopurulent secretion is detected in the area of the middle nasal passage, but its absence does not exclude a pathological process in the sinuses.

Diaphanoscopy (transillumination), when compared with plain radiography, often gives false negative results, its use is limited to the maxillary and frontal sinuses and cases of swelling of the mucous membrane of the sinuses.

Optical endoscopy of the nasal cavity has gained significant popularity in recent years. The method clarifies the data of standard diagnostic techniques, helps to study the patency of sinus anastomosis, but does not provide direct information about their contents.

Infrared thermography, microwave radiometry, histography, for various reasons, have not found wide application in practice; rhinomanometry is intended to study the function of nasal breathing and complements the information obtained by imaging methods.

Diagnostic puncture of the maxillary sinus is widely used and allows you to obtain the contents of the maxillary sinus or prove its absence, but this method does not give an idea of the condition of the walls and mucous membrane of the sinus, the presence of polyps and other formations in it. In addition, a negative quality of this method is its invasiveness.

Plain radiography is the most common method for diagnosing the pathology of the SNP, despite the fact that the cells of the ethmoidal labyrinth and the sphenoid sinus have limited access to it. The method often gives false-positive results when examining the maxillary and frontal sinuses. The frequency of discrepancy between the results of plain radiography and computed tomography ranges from 23 to 74%.

Computed tomography is the gold standard in the diagnosis of sinusitis, providing information about the spatial relationship of the intranasal structures and all paranasal sinuses; computed tomograms serve as a map when planning surgical intervention. However, this method is quite expensive, so its use is impractical in everyday practice for identifying common forms of sinusitis and monitoring during conservative treatment.

At the same time, there are many examples when none of the radiological diagnostic methods can be used, but it is necessary to assess the condition of the SNP. This primarily applies to cases of acute or chronic sinusitis in pregnant women, in patients who have just undergone other x-ray examinations. In addition, sometimes patients refuse X-ray examination on principle. In such a situation, the method of choice is ultrasound examination of the SNP.

Ultrasound scanning in A-mode using a sinuscope has been used for a long time in otolaryngology and in experienced hands has an accuracy of 76 to 90%, although it often does not allow differentiating a space-occupying formation inside the sinus (cyst, polyp, mucocele) from edema of the mucous membrane and the liquid component . Diagnostic errors in this pathology are possible in 9 out of 10 cases due to difficulties in interpreting the data obtained; in addition, the A-method does not allow one to determine the nature of the secretion and its consistency.

B-mode ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses (ultrasound) provides two-dimensional polypositional visualization of not only the paranasal sinuses, but also other bony structures and soft tissues, thereby achieving better topographic orientation and interpretation than using the A-method. The results of ultrasound in 100% of cases coincide with the data of plain radiography. So, according to V.V. Shilenkova et al. , Ultrasound is an alternative to plain radiography in the initial diagnosis of sinusitis of the maxillary sinus.

The purpose of this work was to assess the clinical value of ultrasound of the paranasal sinuses in B-mode in the primary diagnosis and monitoring of conservative treatment of sinusitis in conditions where it is impossible to use plain radiography and computed tomography, in particular during pregnancy.

Material and methods

The study included 26 patients (25 women and 1 man) aged from 26 to 60 years (mean age 34.6±3.2 years), who consulted an otolaryngologist at the clinic, who underwent an ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses due to the fact that 23 patients were pregnant (term from 16 to 33 weeks), 2 patients had an X-ray examination of the lungs on the day of presentation or the day before, 1 patient refused an X-ray examination. At the time of treatment, all patients were bothered by nasal congestion (26 people), 17 by mucous discharge, 11 by mucopurulent discharge from the nose and nasopharynx. 23 patients complained of headache, 15 had low-grade fever (37.2-37.4°C). During examination, in all cases, varying degrees of swelling of the nasal turbinates, mucous or mucopurulent discharge in the nasal passages were noted, in 11 cases - a curvature of the nasal septum, in 5 - adenoid vegetations in the dome of the nasopharynx. One woman had previously been operated on for polypous sinusitis, two had suffered from chronic catarrhal sinusitis for the past 3 years. Clinical data required the exclusion of acute or exacerbation of chronic sinusitis.

Ultrasound was performed on modern ultrasound scanners with linear sensors with a frequency of 7.5 MHz with a working surface length of 37-40 mm in two mutually perpendicular projections: sagittal and horizontal, in a sitting position facing the doctor.

The study was carried out according to the method of V.V. Shilenkova et al. and began with an examination of the maxillary sinus in the sagittal projection. Finding the lower wall of the orbit, which is the upper wall of the sinus, serves as a guide when searching for the sinus itself. The probe was moved medially and laterally to examine the corresponding lateral walls of the sinus. In the second stage, to obtain horizontal sections, the sensor was moved parallel to the lower edge of the orbit from top to bottom, taking into account that the distance to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus decreases when moving from the bottom of the orbit to the alveolar process.

To examine the frontal sinus, scanning began in the horizontal plane from the area of the bridge of the nose, then sagittal sections were obtained.

The normal ultrasound picture of the urinary tract is characterized by the absence of visualization of their posterior walls as a result of natural pneumatization (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. The echographic picture of the maxillary sinus is normal, sagittal section: a - skin, b - soft tissue, c - air, thin arrows - the anterior wall of the sinus.

The frontal sinus is located in the thickness of the frontal bone, in 10-15% of patients it may be absent, it has 4 walls: the lower orbital - the thinnest, the anterior - the thickest (up to 5-8 mm), the posterior, separating the sinus from the anterior cranial fossa and the internal - partition. The volume of the sinus ranges from 3 to 5 cm³. The maxillary sinus is located in the body of the maxillary bone and is an irregularly shaped pyramid with a volume of 15 to 20 cm³.

The bony base of the anterior or facial wall of the maxillary sinus has a depression called the canine or canine fossa, and is visualized as a concave hyperechoic line, beyond which no structures are normally identified.

The soft tissues of the canine fossa are represented by skin, subcutaneous fat and facial muscles (Fig. 2). The most superficial location is m. levator labii superioris alae nasi, running from the inferomedial edge of the orbit to the upper lip; only its abdomen is visible on the echogram, since the origin remains outside the slice. The middle position is occupied by m. levator labii superioris, starting from the entire infraorbital margin of the upper jaw, the muscle bundles converge downward and enter the thickness of the muscle that lifts the angle of the mouth and the wing of the nose. The deepest located m. levator anguli oris, starting from the bottom of the canine fossa and attaching to the corner of the mouth.

Rice. 2.

Below the origin of m. levator labii superioris, a hyperechoic line, which is a reflection of the bone surface, has a small “defect” corresponding to the infraorbital foramen (foramen infraorbitalis), through which the nerve and artery of the same name emerge from the infraorbital canal.

The upper wall of the maxillary sinus simultaneously represents the lower wall of the orbit; its position is quite well determined thanks to visualization of the orbit (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3.

The posterior wall of the maxillary sinus borders on the cells of the ethmoid labyrinth and the sphenoid sinus, its most distant point is located at a distance from 27 to 34 mm from the anterior wall, the medial wall is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, the lower one is formed by the alveolar process of the upper jaw and is characterized by close proximity of the roots of the teeth to the sinus cavity. In some cases, the tops of the roots of the teeth stand in the lumen of the sinus and are only covered by the mucous membrane, which can contribute to the development of odontogenic infection of the sinus and the entry of filling material into its cavity.

Visualization of the posterior wall is possible only if the pneumatization of the sinus is impaired and depends on the amount of secretion or other contents: the less air in the sinus, the more complete the view of its walls will be. It should be borne in mind that sometimes there are bone ridges and bridges on the walls of the sinus, dividing the sinus into bays and very rarely into separate cavities.

results

In 8 patients, according to ultrasound results, no pathology of the SNP was identified. In 18 cases, acute maxillary sinusitis was diagnosed: in 14 patients - with thickening of the sinus mucosa, including 2 with the presence of cysts, another 2 with the presence of polyps; in 6 patients - with the presence of exudate (in 1 woman with hyperechoic inclusions, which upon further examination turned out to be filling material). 3 patients were diagnosed with frontal sinusitis with thickening of the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus.

Taking into account the ultrasound picture, appropriate treatment was selected and carried out. During the course of therapy, all subjects underwent a repeat ultrasound of the ED, which made it possible to evaluate its effectiveness and make the necessary adjustments. All cases of acute sinusitis ended in recovery; in chronic processes, remission was achieved. Subsequently, 5 patients after childbirth underwent computed tomography of the ED, which confirmed the presence of cysts in 2 cases, polyps in 2 cases, and filling material in the maxillary sinuses in 1 patient.

With swelling of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus behind its anterior wall, a zone of reduced echogenicity of a homogeneous structure with a fairly clear distal contour with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.6 cm is noted (see Fig. 2).

The horizontal line between the media, which would correspond to the x-ray concept of “liquid level,” is not visible with ultrasound, since the ultrasound beam passes parallel to this boundary, no matter how we move the sensor. Consequently, the amount of exudate in the cavity must be judged by the extent of visualization of the posterior wall, which corresponds to the level of fluid in the sinus (see Fig. 3, 4). An important detail of ultrasound is the correct position of the patient’s head; it should not be tilted back, since in this case the secretion in the sinus moves to the rear wall, and an air gap appears between the front wall and the secretion, creating conditions for obtaining a false negative result.

Rice. 4.

When studying dynamics during treatment, as the amount of exudate in the sinus decreases, the extent of visualization of the posterior wall decreases until it completely disappears, which corresponds to the restoration of pneumatization.

If there is a cyst in the maxillary sinus (Fig. 5), one of the ultrasound symptoms may be a change in the contour of the anterior wall of the sinus, which becomes convex due to alignment with the anterior wall of the cyst. The posterior wall of the cyst is visible in the form of a hyperechoic line with curvature, in contrast to the distal contour of the thickened mucous membrane, which follows the relief of the anterior wall of the sinus.

Rice. 5. Ultrasound picture of a maxillary sinus cyst, horizontal section: a - skin, b - soft tissue, c - air, thin arrows - the anterior wall of the cyst, thick arrows - the posterior wall of the cyst.

Heterogeneous contents of the sinus, when grouped or scattered hyperechoic inclusions are visualized against the background of a thickened mucous membrane or exudate, which do not disappear with repeated studies, is an indication for subsequent computed tomography to exclude polyposis or the presence of foreign bodies (filling material), which are often the etiological factor in the development of sinusitis .

conclusions

In the primary diagnosis and when monitoring the conservative treatment of sinusitis in a clinic when it is impossible to use plain radiography and computed tomography for one reason or another, in particular in pregnant women, ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses in B-mode is the safest, non-invasive diagnostic method, which provides important information for clinicians and should be used in outpatient settings in all cases.

Literature

Gurov A.V., Zakarieva A.N. Possibilities of modern macrolides in the treatment of acute purulent sinusitis // Consilium medicum. 2010. 12. N 3. P. 31.
Dobson M.J., Fields J., Woodford T.A. A comparison of ultrasound and plain radiography in the diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis // Clin. Radiol. 1996. N 51. R. 170-172.
Puhakka T., Heikkinen T., Makela M.J. et al. Validity of ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute maxillary sinusitis // Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2000. V. 126. P. 1482-1486.
Revonta M. Ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute maxillary sinusitis // Abstracts of ERS and ISIAN. Tampere. Finland. June 11-15, 2006. P. 139-140.
Shilenkova V.V., Kozlov V.S., Byrikhina V.V. Two-dimensional ultrasound diagnostics of the paranasal sinuses // Textbook. Yaroslavl, 2006.

Ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses- a highly specialized examination used in the treatment of ENT diseases. Ultrasound diagnostics of the nose is an affordable and safe alternative to radiography and computed tomography of the maxillary sinuses, however, ultrasound is not always as informative as the above examinations.

Using ultrasound of the nasal sinuses, you can determine the presence of fluid or pus in the nasal cavities, the condition of all structures (including vascular septa, cartilage tissue), the presence of neoplasms of various types, and foreign objects.

The procedure is completely painless, non-invasive and safe. Can be performed on patients of any age without restrictions, including children and pregnant women. An ultrasound of the child’s nose can be performed at any age.

Indications

Ultrasound examination of the maxillary sinuses is effective for diagnosing pathologies of the nasal septum, identifying foci of inflammation in sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis. Ultrasound of the nasal cavity is used to study the causes of nosebleeds, allergic reactions, in the presence of polyps, lipomas, the consequences of mechanical damage, as well as in dental practice.

Preparation

The session itself lasts 10-15 minutes, no preliminary preparation is needed. If necessary, ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses is re-prescribed to monitor the dynamics of treatment or combined with other diagnostic examinations.

More details

Price

The cost of ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses in Moscow ranges from 600 to 6200 rubles.

The average price is 1410 rubles.

Where to do an ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses?

Our portal contains all the clinics where you can get an ultrasound of the maxillary sinuses in Moscow. Choose a clinic that suits your price and location and make an appointment on our website or by phone.

Recently, ultrasound examination (ultrasound of the sinuses) for sinusitis has become popular. Ultrasound has become a tool for diagnosing acute sinusitis over the past two decades.

Ultrasound of the nose and paranasal sinuses

Ultrasound of the sinuses is a safe, fast, non-invasive, inexpensive and repeatable method of diagnostic research, which is also commonly called echosinusoscopy.

Echosinusoscopy is very sensitive in detecting fluid in the sinuses. It was registered in otolaryngology (ENT) - the accuracy of determining sinusitis was more than 90%. Ultrasound examination of the sinuses is carried out quickly and painlessly. This procedure is not expensive and is available to every patient.

Accurately diagnosing sinusitis is challenging because the signs and symptoms of sinusitis are nonspecific and distinguishing between rhinitis and sinusitis is not always easy. Tests such as these provide an accurate diagnosis are not routinely used to diagnose uncomplicated sinusitis in an outpatient setting due to the additional cost, time, and radiation risk. That is why ultrasound of the sinuses is relevant today.

Indications for ultrasound examination

Using an ultrasound machine, the maxillary sinuses are clearly visible. They are located under a layer of soft tissue, through which the sensor can easily see the inflammatory process and the presence of fluid in them. To diagnose frontal sinuses, it is better to use. They are located under the frontal bone, through which the ultrasound sensor of the device will not be able to conduct an examination.

Indications for ultrasound of ENT organs:
Acute and chronic form of ENT disease.
Runny nose as a manifestation of an allergic reaction.
Injured nasal septum.
Polyposis disease.
Malignant and benign neoplasms in the nasal passages.
The presence of a foreign body in the nasal passages.
Furunculosis.
Other nasal injuries.
For the purpose of observation during the treatment of ENT diseases with medications.

Ultrasound for sinusitis of the maxillary sinuses

A specialist may prescribe an ultrasound if a patient suspects a disease - sinusitis. However, most often doctors use the radiographic method of examination for acute and chronic forms of ENT diseases.

Carrying out an ultrasound for sinusitis

Ultrasound examination in the presence of sinusitis can be prescribed to patients in childhood or pregnant women, a category of people for whom frequent X-ray exposure is undesirable.

Ultrasound examination technique of the paranasal sinuses

Ultrasound of the paranasal sinuses is performed both on stationary equipment and on mobile equipment.

The convenience of a mobile echo sinuscope is that the doctor can come to the patient’s room or home, conduct an examination and issue a conclusion. A popular echo sinuscope among doctors today is Sinuscan (Sinuscan – 201)
The advantage of ultrasound equipment in a hospital is its information content. The diagnostician sees the examination results on a large monitor and makes a diagnosis much more accurately. In medical slang, this equipment is called ENT-Combine.

Ultrasound of the sinuses in the hospital

Step-by-step examination of the paranasal sinuses using ultrasound in the hospital:

The specialist conducts a conversation with the patient and explains to him the progress of the upcoming ultrasound.
The patient is seated in a specialized chair for further examination.
The doctor lubricates the skin in the paranasal sinus area with a specialized gel. This is necessary so that the device can better view the sinuses.
The specialist moves a linear sensor over the skin in the area of lubricated areas.
During the examination, the doctor tilts the patient's head to the sides to accurately examine the sinuses for the presence of fluid or purulent contents.
After a complete examination, the doctor writes a transcript of the resulting curved line.
The patient cleanses the skin of a special gel and awaits the test result for a further visit to the doctor and the appointment of qualified treatment, if necessary.

Features of using the echo sinuscope Sinuscan (Sinuscan – 201)

Echosinusoscope Sinuscan 201

This ultrasound machine is manufactured using the latest technology. It is small in size, which allows it to be used in the patient's room. The examination takes a few minutes. The rays penetrate to a depth of eight centimeters. They allow you to scan the frontal and maxillary sinuses for the presence of accumulated fluid. A scale is visible on the built-in small screen. The image changes to a graphical curve if there is fluid or pus in the sinuses.

The echo sinuscope has a built-in memory for four studies. You can operate the device with your left or right hand, according to the desire and convenience of the specialist. The kit includes a charger, a specialized gel and a case for carrying and storage.

Progress of the procedure:

The patient is informed about the progress of the upcoming study.
He takes a lying or sitting position at the request of the doctor.
The specialist moistens the sinus area with a special gel.
Starts the Sinuscan machine..
Applies it to the sinuses and moves the echosinoscope within their boundaries.
Based on the results displayed on the screen, the doctor makes a decision on the diagnostic result.

Examination using echo sinuscope Sinuscan 201 – fast, painless and effective.

The cost of conducting a Sinuscan 201 examination is estimated at 300-500 rubles

Interpretation of echosinusoscopy

What does the ultrasound examination report show?

The presence of foreign bodies in the nasal passages and sinuses.
Malignant and benign neoplasms.
Cystic disease.
Accumulated fluid or purulent contents in the maxillary sinuses.
Examination of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of the treatment prescribed by a specialist.

Echosinusoscopy is most often prescribed to women during pregnancy, children and nursing mothers. In the absence of contraindications to radiographic diagnostics, patients will be prescribed this type of examination. A good picture of the disease is visible during computed tomography and magnetic resonance therapy, but these procedures are expensive and are not prescribed to all people with diseases of the ENT organs.

Photo gallery:

Ultrasound or x-ray of the sinuses

Type of examination	Positive diagnostic criteria	Negative diagnostic criteria
Ultrasonic	Ultrasound examination does not have a harmful effect on the human body; it can be performed on women during pregnancy and during breastfeeding. The device is also equipped with Doppler ultrasound, which allows you to assess the condition of large vessels in the nasal passages. This diagnostic method can be performed at a low cost in almost every clinic or private clinic. The result is given by the doctor immediately after the examination.	Ultrasound examination is rarely used to diagnose ENT organs. Most practitioners are not properly qualified to conduct examinations using this device. Ultrasound helps to view the maxillary sinuses for fluid accumulation in them; the frontal sinuses are protected by a wide bone; it is almost impossible to view them through equipment. Often an ultrasound examination shows the presence of an inflammatory process that actually does not exist, and the patient is prescribed antibiotic therapy. To get an accurate picture of the disease, it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound examination several times, which takes time and increases the cost of money.
X-ray	X-ray examination is carried out for diseases of the ENT organs more often than ultrasound. Most doctors trust this device more.	Frequent x-rays may expose the human body to radiation. This diagnosis cannot be carried out during pregnancy, as it can provoke abnormal development of the intrauterine fetus.

Ultrasound of the child’s sinuses

Ultrasound of the nose is possible from 2 years of age

Ultrasound of the paranasal sinuses has no contraindications and therefore this type of diagnosis is prescribed to young patients suffering from diseases of the ENT organs.

The study is not suitable for children under two years of age.

The doctor may prescribe a diagnosis of the frontal sinuses and maxillary sinuses, since they are already formed and ready for examination. The rest are formed before the age of twelve, and it is almost impossible to examine pathological changes in them.

The procedure is painless, which is something parents and children need to talk about when going to the doctor. The diagnostic process is carried out in a sitting or lying position at the discretion of the specialist. The duration of the examination, taking into account the wait for results, is no more than thirty minutes.

Clinics and prices where they do ultrasound of the sinuses

Ultrasound of the sinuses is performed both in public clinics and in private clinics in large cities. The price of diagnostics depends on the location and qualifications of the specialist. Approximate cost from 500 to 1550 rubles.