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Oxygen in medicine - oxygen therapy Oxygen therapy (Greek: therapeia treatment; synonymous with oxygen therapy) - the use of oxygen for therapeutic purposes. It is used mainly for the treatment of hypoxia in various forms of acute and chronic respiratory failure, less often to combat anaerobic wound infection, to improve reparative processes and tissue trophism. The physiological effect of oxygen is multifaceted, but the compensation of oxygen deficiency in tissues during hypoxia is of decisive importance in the therapeutic effect. In patients with respiratory failure, when oxygen is administered, its tension in the alveolar air and in the blood plasma increases, due to which shortness of breath becomes less, the concentration of oxyhemoglobin in the arterial blood increases, metabolic acidosis decreases due to a decrease in the amount of under-oxidized products in the tissues, and the content of catecholamines in the tissues decreases. blood, which is accompanied by normalization of blood pressure and cardiac activity.

Indications and contraindications.

Indications for the use of oxygen are varied. The main ones are general and local hypoxia of various origins, as well as the stress of the body’s compensatory reactions to a drop in pO 2 in the surrounding gas environment (for example, low barometric pressure at high altitudes, a decrease in pO 2 in the atmosphere of an artificial habitat). In clinical practice, the most common indications for the use of oxygen are respiratory failure due to diseases of the respiratory system and hypoxia caused by circulatory disorders in cardiovascular diseases (circulatory hypoxia). Clinical signs that determine the advisability of using inhaled oxygen therapy in these cases are cyanosis, tachypnea, metabolic acidosis; laboratory indicators - decrease in pO 2 in the blood to 70 mm Hg. Art. or less, hemoglobin oxygen saturation is less than 80%. Oxygen therapy is indicated for many poisoning, especially carbon monoxide.

The effectiveness of oxygen use varies with different mechanisms of hypoxia. It has the best effect when the oxygen content in the atmosphere is low, for example in high altitude conditions, and when the alveolar capillary diffusion of oxygen in the lungs is impaired. A lesser effect is observed in hemic forms of hypoxia (for example, anemia). Oxygen therapy is practically ineffective for histotoxic hypoxia, as well as for hypoxemia and hypoxia caused by venoarterial shunting of blood (for example, with congenital defects of the septum of the heart).

Oxygen therapy is often prescribed to patients with heart and respiratory failure in order to restore the therapeutic effect of a number of drugs, which decreases under conditions of hypoxia (cardiotonic effect of cardiac glycosides, diuretic effect of diuretics). It is also used for improving liver and kidney function in case of damage to these organs, to enhance the effect of cytostatic and radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms. Indications for local use of oxygen other than local hypoxia are local trophic disorders against the background of vascular lesions, sluggish current inflammatory processes, wounds infected with anaerobic flora.

Absolute There are no contraindications for the use of oxygen, however, the choice of method and technique must correspond to the individual characteristics of the patient (age, nature of the pathological process) in order to avoid complications.

Types and methods of oxygen therapy.

Depending on the route of oxygen administration, oxygen therapy is divided into two main types: inhalation (pulmonary) and non-inhalation.

Inhalation oxygen therapy includes all methods of introducing oxygen into the lungs through the respiratory tract.

Non-inhalation oxygen therapy combines all extrapulmonary methods of oxygen administration - enteral, intravascular (including using a membrane oxygenator), subcutaneous, intracavitary, intraarticular, subconjunctival, cutaneous (general and local oxygen baths).

A separate type of use of oxygen - hyperbaric oxygen therapy, which combines the features of inhalation and non-inhalation methods and is essentially an independent method of treatment.

Inhalation of oxygen and oxygen mixtures- the most common method of oxygen therapy, used in both natural and artificial ventilation. Inhalations are carried out using various oxygen-breathing equipment through nasal and oral masks, nasal catheters, endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes; One of the common ways of inhaling oxygen is through nasal cannulas inserted into the patient's nostrils. In pediatric practice, oxygen tents are used.

Depending on the nature of the disease, as well as on the conditions and duration of oxygen therapy, either pure oxygen or gas mixtures containing 30-80% oxygen are used for inhalation. Inhalation of pure oxygen or its 93-95% mixture with carbon dioxide (carbogen) is indicated for carbon monoxide poisoning.

Typically, for oxygen therapy, oxygen is used from cylinders in which it is stored in a compressed state, or from a centralized oxygen supply system to hospital wards, which allows oxygen to be supplied directly to breathing apparatus, with the help of which gas mixtures that are optimal in oxygen concentration are selected.Medical oxygen generators CANGAS MHC series allow you not to depend on oxygen supplies. It is now possible to produce your own oxygen directly in medical facilities.

Nowadays, oxygen pillows are rarely used for oxygen therapy (as emergency care at home). The safest and most effective is inhalation of gas mixtures with an oxygen concentration of 40-60%. In this regard, many modern inhalers for oxygen therapy have injection devices that suck in air and dosimeters that allow the use of an enriched oxygen mixture rather than pure oxygen.

Inhalation of oxygen mixtures is carried out continuously or in sessions of 20-60 minutes. Continuous oxygen therapy is preferable if it is necessary to ensure a sufficient volume of ventilation, as well as warming and humidifying the inhaled mixture, because normal drainage and protective functions of the respiratory tract occur only in conditions of almost 100% humidity. If oxygen is inhaled under an awning tent or through a nasal mask, i.e. gas passes through the mouth, nose and nasopharynx, then additional moistening is not required, because it is sufficiently moistened in the respiratory tract.

With long-term oxygen therapy, especially if oxygen is supplied through deeply inserted nasal catheters or an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy cannula, as well as when the patient is dehydrated, special humidification of the respiratory mixture is required. To do this, it is advisable to use aerosol inhalers that create a suspension of small water droplets (about 1 micron in size) in the gas mixture, the evaporation of which in the respiratory tract saturates the gas with water vapor up to 100%. Passing oxygen through a vessel with water is less effective because large oxygen bubbles do not have time to become saturated with water vapor.

Objective criteria for the adequacy of inhaled oxygen therapy administered to patients with respiratory and heart failure are the disappearance of cyanosis, normalization of hemodynamics, acid-base status and arterial blood gas composition. The effectiveness of oxygen use in these patients can be increased by the simultaneous use of pathogenetic therapy. In case of hypoxia and hypoxemia caused by hypoventilation of the pulmonary alveoli, oxygen therapy is combined (depending on the nature of hypoventilation) with bronchodilators, expectorants, and special modes of voluntary and artificial ventilation.

In case of circulatory hypoxia, oxygen therapy is carried out against the background of the use of agents that normalize hemodynamics; in case of pulmonary edema, oxygen is inhaled along with alcohol vapor and aerosols of other defoamers.

Oxygen therapy for chronic hypoxia, especially in elderly people, is more effective with the simultaneous administration of vitamins and coenzymes (vitamins B2, B6, B15, cocarboxylase), which improve the use of oxygen by tissues.

Enteral oxygenation, i.e. the introduction of oxygen into the gastrointestinal tract through a probe is carried out using dosimeters or the administration mode is selected according to the number of oxygen bubbles passing through the can of the Bobrov apparatus in 1 minute. Oxygen absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract oxygenates its walls, as well as the portal vein blood entering the liver. The latter determines the indications for the use of enteral oxygenation in the complex therapy of acute liver failure. Sometimes so-called tubeless enteral oxygenation is used - the patient swallows oxygen in the form of foam or a special mousse. The effectiveness of this method of using oxygen, used for the treatment of toxicosis in pregnancy, gastritis, prevention of aging, etc., has not yet been sufficiently confirmed.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a method of oxygen therapy close to artificial circulation. Developed for use in cases of temporary inability of the lungs to provide adequate gas exchange, for example, in respiratory distress syndrome, post-perfusion pulmonary syndrome, fat embolism, total pneumonia. Its fundamental difference from the method of extracorporeal artificial circulation is that a membrane oxygen generator with blood pumping is used only for its oxygenation, but not for providing blood circulation. Only a fraction of the circulating blood volume passes through the membrane oxygen generator, which allows it to be used for several days or even weeks without significant damage to blood cells.

Complications and their prevention.

Inhalation of pure oxygen for less than 1 day. or multi-day inhalation of a 60% oxygen mixture does not cause such sudden disturbances in the body that would be more dangerous than hypoxia itself. However, when using high concentrations of oxygen, as well as with long-term oxygen therapy, especially in the elderly, some pathophysiological effects may be observed, leading to complications. Respiratory cessation or significant hypoventilation with hypercapnia can occur already at the beginning of oxygen therapy in patients with a decrease in the sensitivity of the respiratory center to an increase in the concentration of CO 2 in the blood. In these cases, breathing is stimulated from the carotid chemoreceptors by hypoxemia, which is eliminated during oxygen therapy.

The development of hypercapnia when using highly concentrated oxygen mixtures is also facilitated by a significant decrease in the level of reduced hemoglobin in the blood, which normally removes a significant amount of CO 2 from the body. To prevent this complication, it is recommended that in conditions with the presence or threat of depression of the respiratory center (especially in the presence of respiratory arrhythmia), begin oxygen therapy with a 25% oxygen mixture and gradually increase the oxygen concentration in it to 60% while using pathogenetic therapy for central respiratory disorders.

In case of hypoventilation that is not eliminated by pharmacological agents, oxygen therapy, in order to avoid the development of hypercapnia, should be carried out only under the condition of artificial ventilation of the lungs.

With prolonged inhalation of mixtures with high concentrations of oxygen or pure oxygen, oxygen intoxication may develop. Excess oxygen disrupts normal biological oxidation chains, interrupting them and leaving large amounts of free radicals that irritate tissue. In the respiratory tract, hyperoxia causes irritation and inflammation of the mucous membranes, the ciliated epithelium is damaged, the drainage function of the bronchi is disrupted, and their resistance to gas flow increases. In the lungs, surfactant is destroyed, the surface tension of the alveoli increases, micro- and then macro-atelectasis and pneumonitis develop. The vital capacity decreases and the diffusion capacity of the lungs decreases, the unevenness of ventilation and blood flow increases.

The development of disorders associated with hyperoxia is facilitated by insufficient hydration of inhaled mixtures and the effects of denitrogenation - leaching of nitrogen from the body. Denitrogenation leads to swelling and congestion of the mucous membranes in various cavities (frontal sinuses, etc.), the emergence of absorption microatelectasis in the lungs. The leading manifestations of oxygen intoxication are signs of damage to the respiratory system and central nervous system. Initially, patients experience dry mouth, dry cough, burning behind the sternum, and chest pain. Then spasms of peripheral vessels and acroparesthesia occur. Hyperoxic damage to the central nervous system. Most often it manifests itself as a convulsive syndrome and disturbances in thermoregulation, mental disorders are also possible, and sometimes a coma develops.

In order to prevent oxygen intoxication, it is necessary to use well-moistened mixtures with low oxygen concentrations and, during long-term oxygen therapy, periodically switch to air inhalation.

The most widely used is inhaled oxygen therapy with humidified oxygen, as in oxygen therapy in adults. To carry it out, oxygen tents (DKP-1 and KP-1), incubators, awnings, and masks are used. Direct introduction of oxygen into the respiratory tract is possible through a catheter inserted into the lower nasal passage to the nasopharynx. Oxygen inhalation using a funnel, mouthpiece or pacifier is less effective. The optimal oxygen concentration in the inhaled mixture is 40-60% (higher concentrations can, as in adults, cause undesirable effects).

The required minute oxygen consumption per 1 kg of the child’s body weight is calculated depending on the child’s age: 1-6 months. - 400 ml; 6-12 months - 350 ml; 1-11/2 years - 300 ml; 11/2-6 years - 250 ml; 7-10 years - 200 ml, 11-18 years - 100 ml.

For bronchial obstruction and in patients with pulmonary atelectasis, pneumonia, edema of the subglottic space (grade II-III stenosis), an oxygen-helium mixture with an oxygen content of 25 to 50% is used, which, if necessary, is supplied to the respiratory tract under increased pressure in pressure chambers.

Non-inhalation extrapulmonary methods of oxygen therapy in children are used to a limited extent, mainly in the treatment of helminthic infestations. Oxygen is administered into the stomach and small intestine for ascariasis, into the rectum for enterobiasis, trichuriasis, as well as for exudative-catarrhal diathesis, bedwetting, and chronic colitis.

Hyperbaric oxygenation is especially indicated for newborns born in asphyxia with signs of cerebrovascular accident, as well as with symptoms of respiratory failure caused by pulmonary atelectasis, hyaline membranes and diffuse disorders of another nature. Methods of oxygen barotherapy are different.

In young children, oxygen therapy often causes a negative reaction, which is manifested by the child’s anxiety (due to irritation and dryness of the respiratory tract, reflexively occurring disturbances in cardiac activity, rhythm and frequency of breathing). Often, during long-term oxygen therapy, children experience weakness, dizziness, and sometimes headache. Most complications of oxygen therapy in children are caused by prolonged inhalation of oxygen at concentrations above 60%. These include retrolental fibroplasia, pulmonary fibrosis, depression of external respiration, decreased systolic pressure, and impaired tissue respiration due to blockade of certain enzymes. These complications can be prevented by the use of low concentrations of oxygen and intermittent oxygen therapy - conducting it in the form of sessions (from 20 minutes to 2 hours) with breaks of varying duration, determined by the condition of the child.

Topic: Use of oxygen in medicine.
Lesson objectives:
To develop students' knowledge about oxygen.
Tasks:
Expand students' understanding of oxygen.
Foster respect for the air.
Correct coherent speech.
Equipment: cards
Vocabulary work:
During the classes
1. Organizational moment.
a) report from the duty officer
b) breathing exercises, attention exercises
2. Repetition.
1. What is wind?
2. What gases does air consist of?
3. What happens to air when heated?
4. What happens to air when it cools?
5. How does air conduct heat?
Physical exercise.
They quietly stood up from their desks
And they walked on the spot.
And they walked on the spot
We're walking, we're walking,
We don’t lower our heads,
We breathe evenly, deeply.
Once - rise,
stretch,
Two - bend over
straighten up,
Three - sit down,
four - stand up,
five - wave your arms,
Six - sit quietly at your desk.
New topic:
Doctors have long noticed the positive effect of oxygen on the body
person. Oxygen is actively used in medicine. With many
respiratory tract diseases (viral infections, asthma) and cardiovascular
vascular systems (heart attack, stroke) patients are given an oxygen cushion
(a bag filled with oxygen). Oxygen is used during

complex surgical operations. Very often quick application
oxygen cushion can be decisive for the body and save
life for the patient.
The property of oxygen to support combustion is used where necessary
reach high temperatures and accelerate the combustion process: in factories at
metal smelting, in welding machines (Fig. 45).
annually enrich the air with oxygen during their growth and development.
Oxygen is used in medicine. In some serious diseases, and
Also, during operations, people are given oxygen to breathe from oxygen
pillows Rubber cushions filled with oxygen are sold in pharmacies.
They can only be used on the recommendation of a doctor.
High in the mountains there is less oxygen in the air. Therefore people who
climb high into the mountains (climbers), take cylinders with them
oxygen. They breathe this oxygen using special
devices. Pilots who fly at high altitude also have cylinders
with oxygen.
Finger gymnastics “Rib, lock, palm”
Work in notebooks. We opened our notebooks, took pens in our hands, and wrote down the number.
topic of the lesson.
All the oxygen in the air was produced by plants. They
annually enrich the air with oxygen during their growth and
development.
Consolidation
1. How is oxygen formed in the air?
2. What is the main purpose of oxygen?
V. Result:
What new did you learn in the lesson?
What do you remember most?
VI. Homework I – II level, in a notebook, children of III – IV level p.
6870 paragraph 27.

The role of oxygen for humanity, as well as for all life on the planet, is difficult to overestimate. Thanks to its presence in the atmosphere we live. Just five minutes without oxygen is enough for a person to die. That is why oxygen is very popular in medicine. This simple gas, which chemists designate as O 2, takes part in the processes of energy synthesis, due to which our cells can function.

Oxygen became known only in the second half of the 18th century, when Joseph Priestley managed to isolate it in its pure form. Its meaning in human life began to be explored a little later, but from that moment its use has become so widespread that it is now impossible to do without it.

Oxygen was first used in medicine in 1810. Since that time, its effects on the body have been thoroughly studied, they have learned to use it correctly and rationally and thereby save the lives of patients.

Today, oxygen is used in almost all areas of medicine. It has its place in the treatment of both acute and chronic conditions. Oxygen is the cornerstone in the treatment of critical care patients. It is especially important when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, artificial ventilation and in seriously ill patients.

Doctors refer to an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood as hypoxemia. One of the easily accessible parameters for its assessment is the blood saturation indicator - the amount of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, the red blood cell protein that is responsible for the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. In all conditions when blood saturation drops, oxygen inhalation is mandatory.

Inhaling pure oxygen leads to an increase in its content in the respiratory tract, which increases the concentration of oxygen in the blood. All these processes improve the delivery of oxygen to tissues, and, accordingly, the body’s metabolism improves.

Oxygen in medicine is used very much in cardiac and pulmonary pathologies, when its intake into the body or delivery to tissues is impaired. Then inhalation of oxygen, or rather an air mixture with a high oxygen content, can significantly alleviate the patient’s condition.

Oxygen in medicine, and especially in intensive care units, is used in large quantities. It is supplied to the wards from a central oxygen station, or from bulky cylinders.

But the use of oxygen is not limited only to the ward in the hospital; inhalations are useful for a longer time than the person is being treated.

Currently, oxygen is produced in portable cans that can be used at home. In addition, the size and weight of the cylinder allows you to carry it with you in your purse. Such a device will be useful both for patients who have been discharged from the hospital and for relatively healthy people, because inhaling pure oxygen causes a constriction of the blood vessels in the brain, which is important in the treatment of so-called cluster headaches and migraines. The use of portable oxygen cylinders is completely safe.

Medicine today has learned to use oxygen very competently and correctly where it can be beneficial. And if it became available, then why not?

Most importantly, don't forget to breathe.

Our planet has a huge number of chemical elements that can be used by humans in a variety of forms. And one of the most common substances is oxygen. Scientists have proven that such an element is part of more than one and a half thousand compounds in the earth's crust. In a free state, oxygen is present in the air. This element is extremely important for nature, and people actively use it in industry. Let's talk about what oxygen is, consider its properties and discuss its use in medicine.

Properties of oxygen

Oxygen has the chemical formula O2 and is an inherently colorless gas with no taste or odor. This substance is somewhat heavier than air and has the ability to dissolve in small quantities in water. Oxygen is a fairly strong oxidizing agent that, when heated, can react with many metals and non-metals. When exposed to iron, such a substance provokes rusting, which can also be classified as slow oxidation. In air, it is oxygen that supports the processes of combustion of many elements, decay and respiration.

Where is oxygen used?

People use oxygen in the chemical and metallurgical industries. These are burners with an oxygen-air mixture, welding and flame cutting of metals, rocket fuel. In addition, it is often used in medicine.

Use of oxygen in medicine

A sufficient supply of oxygen is extremely important for the normal functioning of all our organs and systems. This chemical element should make up about twenty percent of the air around us. But in practice it turns out that in modern cities and apartments its amount is much less. Lack of oxygen or oxygen starvation is hypoxia.

Such a shortage negatively affects our health and can trigger the development of COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. People lacking oxygen suffer from headaches, insomnia, depression, decreased immunity, muscle and joint diseases. In addition, such a deficiency is fraught with premature aging of the body, circulatory and metabolic disorders.

To replenish the lack of oxygen, you can spend time in the fresh air - in park areas and coniferous forests. This is effective, but it takes some time. If you need to speed up the process, then oxygen is used in medicine to treat hypoxia. It is stored in blue metal cylinders that can withstand high pressures up to 15 MPa (150 atm).

To supply oxygen to a person, a special oxygen concentrator can be used, which is located in medical institutions. This device is designed for oxygen therapy and can be used in intensive care units. In this case, it represents a source of pure oxygen and is intended for the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma, the already mentioned COPD, cardiovascular diseases, as well as intoxications. This device helps to cope with suffocation due to injury, shock, and also in case of failure of the kidneys.

An oxygen concentrator can be used in inpatient departments and even at home to treat patients who suffer from bronchopulmonary and other ailments that require sufficient supply of clean air.

Also, such a device is actively used in many children's institutions, clinics, sanatoriums, sports clubs, at home and in inpatient departments to prevent a variety of ailments, as well as to strengthen the immune system. It is also used to prepare special oxygen cocktails.

Oxygen therapy

This procedure is considered one of the most popular in modern medicine. It is used in the treatment of bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis, pneumonia, as well as tuberculosis and many allergic diseases. The use of oxygen therapy in medicine is also advisable for intoxication and many other pathological conditions that are accompanied by oxygen starvation. This implies saturation of the cells of the respiratory organs, as well as the blood, with active oxygen. This process is carried out using special masks and tubes through which air saturated with oxygen enters. Carrying out a course of such treatment helps to get rid of shortness of breath and debilitating cough, improve sputum discharge and eliminate wheezing.

In many health centers and sanatoriums, not only inhalations are carried out, but also oxygen baths, cocktails and special pressure chambers are practiced.

So, for example, oxygen baths perfectly improve overall well-being, optimize blood pressure, eliminate insomnia, improve metabolic processes and relieve a person from headaches. In addition, such procedures can significantly improve the condition of the skin and calm the nervous system.

As for oxygen cocktails, they look like airy foam saturated with oxygen bubbles. They are prepared in various children's institutions, clinics and sanatoriums, as well as in many health camps and inpatient departments. The cocktail is based on juice or herbal decoction, which gives the product its taste and color. Consumption of oxygen cocktails helps improve immunity, increase performance, and optimize the functioning of the digestive tract and cardiovascular system.

Pressure chambers with oxygen are also very popular. They are actively used in maternity hospitals, to care for premature babies and babies with respiratory problems. In addition, pressure chambers can be used in surgical departments to operate on patients with respiratory problems.

Thus, oxygen, the properties of which allow it to “eat” metal, is an extremely important element for humans, which is actively used in medicine.

Ekaterina, - /website/

P.S. The text uses some forms characteristic of oral speech.

Probably each of us noticed how good it is to breathe in a pine boru or the village, how children sleep peacefully and soundly after a long walk in the fresh air. In order for the body to work and rest well, it needs oxygen. The air we breathe should normally contain at least 20% oxygen. In reality, the oxygen content in the atmosphere of megacities, apartment buildings and offices is two times less.

Reduced oxygen content in the air and poor ecology lead to the development of COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and, as a consequence, to the failure of vital organs and systems. This is associated with health problems such as headaches, insomnia, depression, decreased immunity, diseases of muscles and joints, premature aging of the body, metabolic and blood supply disorders.

Of course, to make up for the shortage oxygen in the body is best done naturally: by walking more often in the fresh air, visiting park areas and coniferous forests. For medical and cosmetic purposes, an oxygen concentrator is used to enrich the body with oxygen - a device designed for oxygen therapy:

In intensive care departments hospitals and clinics as a source of pure oxygen to help patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, cardiovascular diseases, intoxication, suffocation due to injuries, shock and renal impairment.
- in hospital and at home for treatment sick suffering from bronchopulmonary and other diseases who vitally need clean air.
- in sanatoriums, children's institutions, clinics, in sports clubs, at home and in hospitals for the prevention of diseases, strengthening the immune system and preparing oxygen cocktails.

Oxygen therapy- one of the most popular procedures in modern medicine. It is indicated for bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, allergies, intoxications and other diseases accompanied by oxygen deprivation. The essence of the treatment is to enrich the cells of the respiratory organs and blood with active oxygen. This process is carried out using special masks and tubes through which air rich in oxygen is supplied. After completing a course of oxygen inhalation procedures, shortness of breath and debilitating cough disappear, sputum discharge improves, and wheezing disappears.

In health centers and sanatoriums, oxygen therapy is not limited to procedures. Oxygen baths, cocktails and pressure chambers are widely used here. Oxygen baths help improve overall well-being, normalize blood pressure and sleep, improve metabolism, relieve headaches and have a beneficial effect on skin condition. The procedure of taking an oxygen bath relaxes a person and normalizes the functioning of the nervous system.

While taking a bath, oxygen penetrates the surface layers of the skin and activates the functioning of nerve endings, which leads to improved functioning of all organs and systems.

Oxygen cocktails- drinks familiar to us from childhood. They are an airy foam filled with oxygen bubbles. Cocktails are usually made in children's institutions, clinics, sanatoriums, health camps and hospitals. The basis of the cocktail is usually juice or infusion of medicinal herbs. They give the cocktail color and taste.

Oxygen cocktails strengthen the immune system, increase performance, and normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and heart. A popular type of oxygen treatment is barotherapy. It is based on the effect on the body of oxygen supplied under high pressure. In maternity hospitals and surgical departments there are special pressure chambers in which women with various health problems deliver births or operate on patients who have difficulty breathing.

Oxygen chambers for caring for newborn babies are equipment without which it is unthinkable to provide assistance to children who were born prematurely or have various problems with the functioning of the respiratory organs. For preventive purposes, pressure chambers are used to enrich the body with oxygen, which helps rejuvenate the body and accelerate metabolic processes. In addition, the pressure chamber is useful for people exposed to frequent stress to relieve fatigue and irritation.

In recent years direction of oxygen therapy has become especially popular in cosmetology. Mesotherapy, oxygen capsules, masks and creams enriched with oxygen provide access of this element to tissues and systems, activate their work and help you look young. During the mesotherapy procedure under oxygen pressure, the beneficial substances of the healing serum penetrate into the deep layers of the skin and improve their nutrition.

As a result, blood supply to the skin improves, it becomes elastic and healthy. After mesotherapy, cell renewal occurs and cellulite disappears. Oxygen capsules are used in programs to combat cellulite; they also promote the effective absorption of nutrients and moisturizing substances into the skin, improve cell regeneration and promote overall rejuvenation of the body. Oxygen-containing creams, masks, shampoos and serums make the skin healthy and elastic, rejuvenate and improve its appearance.

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