Diagnosis of eye diseases. Treatment of inflammatory eye diseases
22.01.2016 | Viewed by: 5,238 people.Regular examination is the best prevention of eye diseases. Diagnosis of such diseases can only be carried out by an experienced ophthalmologist in a specialized equipped office. It is important that the ophthalmologist identifies the first signs of abnormalities in time. Successful treatment largely depends on the speed of their detection at the stage of reversible changes.
One examination by a doctor and a subsequent conversation with him is not enough. It is necessary to carry out additional specific examination methods using modern equipment to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe treatment. The doctor should tell you in detail about the exact diagnosis and determination of visual acuity, as well as possible deviations and pathologies.
Ultra-modern diagnostic methods help establish a highly accurate diagnosis and allow highly effective control of treatment. Here are the most common methods for diagnosing the most common eye diseases.
A doctor's examination reveals abnormalities using the following painless procedures:
A procedure that allows the ophthalmologist to see parts of the fundus on the surface of the eye. This method remains one of the most significant and popular in diagnosing eye diseases. The non-contact method is performed using a lens or a special ophthalmoscope device.
Allows you to evaluate the main function - distance visual acuity - during preventive examinations. Decreased vision is an important signal in diagnosing diseases. The examination is first carried out without correction - the patient, closing one eye at a time, names the letters on the table indicated by the ophthalmologist. If there are violations, the procedure is performed with correction using specialized frames and lenses.
This method determines the optical power of the eye and diagnoses refractive errors and vision defects: myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism. Now the procedure has begun to be carried out using refractometers, which allows the patient not to waste a lot of time and facilitates the eye doctor’s manipulations.
The study is recommended for people over 40 years of age, as they have an increased risk of developing glaucoma. The procedure measures intraocular pressure, which is carried out in the following ways: by palpation, according to Maklakov (using weights) with a pneumotonometer and others.
An important method for determining the presence of peripheral vision and diagnosing pathological diseases - glaucoma and the process of destruction of the optic nerve. The study is carried out using specialized hemispherical electrical devices on which light spots are displayed.
Vision test for color perception
Widespread and intended to determine violations of color sensitivity thresholds - color blindness. The inspection is carried out using Rabkin's polychromatic tables.
The procedure for microscopic examination of the ocular segment using a special device - a slit lamp. With significant magnification, the ophthalmologist can clearly see the tissues of the eye - the cornea and conjunctiva, as well as the lens, iris, and vitreous body.
Determines the degree of astigmatism of the anterior surface and the refractive power of the cornea. The radius of refraction is measured with an ophthalmometer.
Grishberg's simple method allows you to determine the angle of strabismus using an ophthalmoscope through which the patient is looking. The ophthalmologist determines the problem by observing the reflection of light on the corneal surface.
It is carried out in case of obstruction of the lacrimal canaliculi. Thin tubes (cannulas) with a syringe and solution are inserted into the lacrimal ducts. If the patency is normal, then the liquid from the syringe will penetrate into the nasopharynx. If there is an obstruction, the solution will not pass through and will spill out.
It is usually performed in infants and elderly people for therapeutic purposes, since they may experience stenosis of the lacrimal openings. Bougienage is carried out using expanding probes using local anesthesia.
To determine the diagnosis of common ailments, such as conjunctivitis, myopia, cataracts, such diagnostic methods are usually sufficient. However, if the eye doctor doubts the diagnosis, then additional methods of examining diseases using specialized equipment carried out in optometric centers are possible.Additional methods in eye diagnostics
Ultrasound is a popular research tool due to the receipt of accurate and complete information and the high effectiveness of the procedure. Ultrasound examination is necessary to detect eye abnormalities, tumors, and retinal detachment.
The method determines the central field of vision for colors and is used to detect diseases of the optic nerve, glaucoma and retina. The diagnostic kampimeter consists of a special large screen, where the patient looks with each eye alternately through a slit on a black screen.
The electrophysiological research method has found wide application in the study of the cerebral cortex, retina and levels of damage to the optic nerve, and the function of the nervous department of the optical apparatus.
A method that studies the surface of the cornea before laser correction. It is carried out on an automated computer system by scanning to determine the sphericity of the surface.
Dynamic study of intraocular pressure. IOP takes about 5 minutes; in such a short period of time, you can obtain important information about the state of fluid outflow inside the eye.
The method allows you to accurately determine the thickness of the cornea; it is necessarily prescribed for laser operations
Shows the condition of the fundus and retinal vessels. A series of high-precision images are taken after the fluorescent solution is administered intravenously.
The non-contact modern OCT method is used to determine the condition of the optic nerve and retina.
Operational examination under an optical device to detect ticks.
A procedure that determines tear production. The test is performed for symptoms of dry eye. An ophthalmological test is placed on the edge of the patient's lower eyelid, which can be used to determine if it is wet with tears.
A method for accurately detecting glaucoma using a lens. The angle of the anterior chamber is examined.
It is used for retinal dystrophy and detachment, as well as to obtain data on its peripheral parts that were not detected during a classical examination.
High-precision modern instruments and a variety of techniques allow us to accurately and effectively conduct research on the visual organs at the cellular level. Most diagnostics are carried out non-contact and painlessly, without requiring prior preparation of the patient. In the relevant sections you can learn in detail about the methods for diagnosing eye diseases.
In ophthalmology, thanks to modern equipment and the latest medical techniques, eye examinations take a short time, are painless and give very accurate results in identifying diseases of the eye organ.
Vision examination
Basic methods for diagnosing eye diseases are available to everyoneAt an appointment with an ophthalmologist, the patient is examined with basic standard diagnostic methods, which include checking visual acuity, measuring intraocular pressure, examining the cornea and retina.
If necessary, a more accurate and in-depth study is prescribed using modern devices using laser technology and computer programs.
Symptoms for mandatory contact with an ophthalmologist
For timely detection of eye diseases and treatment, it is necessary to pay attention to the following symptoms:
- swelling and redness of the eyelids;
- presence of itching and burning in the eyes;
- pain when blinking;
- redness of the inner surface;
- severe tearing;
- the presence of a film in front of the eyes, obstructing vision;
- spots and spots before the eyes;
- flickering light flashes;
- blurry or foggy vision of objects;
- duality of objects;
- increased sensitivity to light;
- long orientation in a dark room;
- sudden disappearance of the image;
- curvature or break of lines when looking at straight lines;
- observation of dark spots in the field of view;
- rainbow circles that blur around the light source;
- difficulty focusing on near and far objects;
- observation of spots in the center of the visual field;
- beginning to squint their eyes;
- poor vision of the peripheral zone.
Who should have their eyes checked?
Preventive examinations should be carried out regularly People with 100% good vision should have it checked for preventive purposes once a year. For those who have vision loss due to certain reasons, it is necessary to undergo an examination by an ophthalmologist to correct their vision.
For those who wear lenses, an examination is necessary to identify adaptation of the lens material on the surface of the eye. To determine allergic reactions to this material. Clarify the correct care and storage of contact lenses.
It is necessary to visit an ophthalmologist for pregnant women at 10–14 weeks and 34–36 weeks. Pregnancy can cause changes in visual acuity or complications of existing eye diseases.
For people aged 40–60 years, it is advisable to schedule a visit to the ophthalmologist for preventive purposes once every 2–4 years. Over 65 years old – once every 1–2 years. Children need to be tested up to three times during the first year of life and as needed.
It is advisable for people with cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes, after eye injuries or taking hormonal medications to visit an ophthalmologist.
Examination methods
There are many serious diseases of the human eye organ that significantly affect the visual process. These are cataracts, glaucoma, retinal detachment and many infectious diseases.
Early diagnosis, as well as timely treatment, can prevent further development of diseases, partial loss of vision and blindness. The earlier the diagnosis is made and treatment started, the greater the percentage of vision that can be saved.
Basic examination methods
Basic and additional examination methods used:
- Visometry is the determination of vision, its acuity using tables of letters, where letters of different sizes are written on each line. While reading lines, vision is established at the moment in percentage terms.
- Tonometry is the determination of the existing pressure inside an organ. The method is aimed at identifying glaucoma.
- Refractometry – determination of the refraction of the eye (optical power). It can detect myopia, farsightedness and astigmatism.
- Color vision testing is aimed at recognizing color blindness and other color vision deviations.
The perimetry method diagnoses glaucoma and determines the degree of optic nerve death. - Biomicroscopy is a method of examining the constituent parts of the eye organ, such as the cornea, external conjunctiva, lens, iris, and vitreous body.
- Ophthalmoscopy is a way to examine the fundus, retina, and nearby vascular tissues. Determines the degree of strabismus.
- Gonioscopy is a contact technique that allows you to examine the front of the eye to detect a foreign body or neoplasm.
- Pachymetry is a method of studying the cornea of the eye using instruments, measuring its thickness.
- Skiascopy - a shadow test is carried out by observing the shadows on the surface of the pupil when a beam of light falls on it.
- Campimetry is a method of studying central vision to determine the size of the blind spot.
- To fully examine the eyeball, Goldmann lenses are used. This device consists of three mirrors. Using the lens, you can remove tumors on the retina and completely examine it.
Today, methods for examining the organ of vision are sufficient to accurately and correctly make a diagnosis by looking into the most inaccessible and deep layers of the visual organ.
Surprisingly, a huge arsenal of examinations and diagnostic procedures is aimed at such a small organ of vision: from simple alphabetic tables to obtaining a layer-by-layer image of the retina and optic nerve head using OCT and a detailed study of the course of blood vessels in the fundus during FA.
Most studies are carried out according to strict indications. However, when going to see an ophthalmologist, be prepared to spend from half an hour to an hour or more, depending on the number and complexity of the tests you need and the workload of your doctor.
Determination of visual acuity and refraction
Visual acuity is determined for each eye separately. In this case, one of them is covered with a shield or palm. At a distance of 5 meters you will be shown letters, numbers or signs of various sizes that you will be asked to name. Visual acuity is characterized by the smallest signs that the eye can distinguish.
Next, you will be given a frame in which the doctor will put different lenses, asking you to choose which one allows you to see more clearly. Or they will install in front of you a device called a phoropter, in which lenses are changed automatically. Refraction is characterized by the power of the lens, which provides the highest visual acuity for that eye, and is expressed in diopters. Positive lenses are required for farsightedness, negative lenses for nearsightedness, and cylindrical lenses for astigmatism.
Automatic refractometry and aberrometry
Based on the analysis of the wavefront of the eye, the aberrometer determines even imperceptible optical imperfections of its media. These data are important when planning LASIK.
Visual field examination
It is carried out using a device - a perimeter, which is a hemispherical screen. You are asked to fixate the mark with your eye and, as soon as you notice with your peripheral vision the luminous dots appearing in different parts of the screen, press the signal button or say “yes”, “I see”. The visual field is characterized by the space in which the eye, with a constantly fixed gaze, detects visual stimuli. Characteristic visual field defects occur due to eye diseases, such as glaucoma, as well as when the optic nerve and brain are damaged by a tumor or as a result of a stroke.
Measuring intraocular pressure
Non-contact measurement is carried out using an automatic tonometer. You are asked to place your chin on the stand of the device and fix your gaze on the luminous mark. The autotonometer releases a stream of air in the direction of your eye. Based on the cornea's resistance to air flow, the device determines the level of intraocular pressure. The technique is absolutely painless, the device does not come into contact with your eyes.
The contact method for measuring intraocular pressure is accepted as standard in Russia. After instilling the “freezing” drops, the doctor touches your cornea with a weight with a colored area. The level of intraocular pressure is determined on paper by the diameter of the imprint of the unpainted area. This technique is also painless.
Since glaucoma is a disease associated with increased intraocular pressure, regular measurement of it is a necessary condition for maintaining the health of your eyes.
Cover test
There are many methods for diagnosing strabismus. The simplest of them is the “cover” test. The doctor asks you to fix your gaze on an object in the distance and, alternately covering one of your eyes with your palm, watches the other to see if there is an orientation movement. If it occurs inwardly, divergent strabismus is diagnosed, if outwardly, convergent strabismus is diagnosed.
Biomicroscopy of the eye
A slit lamp or biomicroscope allows you to examine the structures of the eye under high magnification. You are asked to place your chin on the stand of the device. The doctor illuminates your eye with the light of a slit lamp and, under high magnification, first examines the anterior part of the eye (eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, lens), and then, using a strong lens, examines the fundus of the eye (retina, optic nerve head and blood vessels). Biomicroscopy allows you to diagnose almost the entire range of eye diseases.
Retinal examination
Using an ophthalmoscope, the doctor directs a beam of light into your eye and examines the retina, optic nerve head and blood vessels through the pupil.
Often, for a more complete view, you are first instilled with drops that dilate the pupil. The effect develops after 15-30 minutes. While they last, sometimes for several hours, you may experience difficulty focusing on nearby objects. In addition, the eye's sensitivity to light increases; it is recommended to wear sunglasses on the way home after the examination.
Vision diagnostics- this is an important step in the prevention of eye diseases and maintaining good vision for many years! Timely detection of ophthalmological pathology is the key to successful treatment of many eye diseases. As our practice shows, the occurrence of eye diseases is possible at any age, so everyone needs to undergo a high-quality ophthalmological examination at least once a year.
Why is a complete vision diagnostic necessary?
Vision diagnostics is necessary not only to identify primary ophthalmological pathology, but also to decide on the possibility and advisability of performing a particular operation, choosing treatment tactics for the patient, as well as accurately diagnosing the condition of the organ of vision in a dynamic aspect. In our clinic, a complete ophthalmological examination is carried out using the most modern diagnostic equipment.
Cost of vision diagnostics
The cost of a diagnostic examination (vision diagnostics) depends on its volume. For the convenience of patients, we have created complexes in accordance with common eye diseases, such as cataracts, glaucoma, myopia, farsightedness, and fundus pathology.
| Service code | Service name | Qty services |
Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| A02.26.004 | Visometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.004 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| A02.26.013 | Code: A02.26.013 |
1 | 550 ₽ |
| A02.26.015 | Ophthalmotonometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.015 |
1 | 300 ₽ |
| А03.26.001 | Biomicroscopy, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.001 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| A03.26.018 | Code: A03.26.018 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| A12.26.016 | Code: A12.26.016 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.009 | Code: B01.029.001.009 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| Service code | Service name | Qty services |
Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| A02.26.004 | Visometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.004 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| A02.26.013 | Determination of refraction using a set of trial lenses, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.013 |
1 | 550 ₽ |
| A02.26.015 | Ophthalmotonometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.015 |
1 | 300 ₽ |
| А03.26.001 | Biomicroscopy, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.001 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| A03.26.003.001 | Code: A03.26.003.001 |
1 | 1,950 RUR |
| A03.26.018 | Biomicroscopy of the fundus (central zone), 2 eyes Code: A03.26.018 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| A12.26.016 | Autorefractometry with a narrow pupil, 2 eyes Code: A12.26.016 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.009 | Consultation with an ophthalmologist Code: B01.029.001.009 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| Service code | Service name | Qty services |
Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| B01.029.001.009 | Consultation with an ophthalmologist Code: B01.029.001.009 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| В01.029.001.010 | Consultation with an ophthalmologist (surgeon) Code: B01.029.001.010 |
1 | 1,700 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.011 | Consultation with an anesthesiologist Code: B01.029.001.011 |
1 | 1,000 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.012 | Consultation with an ophthalmologist (vitreoretinologist) Code: B01.029.001.012 |
1 | 1 100 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.013 | Consultation with a candidate of medical sciences Code: B01.029.001.013 |
1 | 2,200 ₽ |
| В01.029.001.014 | Consultation with a doctor of medical sciences Code: B01.029.001.014 |
1 | RUB 2,750 |
| В01.029.001.015 | Professor consultation Code: B01.029.001.015 |
1 | 3,300 ₽ |
| B01.029.001.016 | Consultation with Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences V.V. Kurenkov Code: B01.029.001.016 |
1 | 5 500 ₽ |
| Service code | Service name | Qty services |
Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| A02.26.004 | Visometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.004 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| A02.26.009 | Color perception study, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.009 |
1 | 200 ₽ |
| A02.26.010 | Strabismus angle measurement, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.010 |
1 | 450 ₽ |
| A02.26.013 | Determination of refraction using a set of trial lenses, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.013 |
1 | 550 ₽ |
| А02.26.013.001 | Determination of refraction using a set of trial lenses in conditions of cycloplegia, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.013.001 |
1 | 800 ₽ |
| A02.26.015 | Ophthalmotonometry, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.015 |
1 | 300 ₽ |
| А02.26.015.001 | Ophthalmotonometry (iCare device), 2 eyes Code: A02.26.015.001 |
1 | 650 ₽ |
| A02.26.015.002 | Daily tonometry using an iCare expert tonometer (1 day) Code: A02.26.015.002 |
1 | 1,850 RUR |
| A02.26.015.003 | Ophthalmotonometry (IOP according to Maklakov), 2 eyes Code: A02.26.015.003 |
1 | 450 ₽ |
| A02.26.020 | Schirmer test Code: A02.26.020 |
1 | 600 ₽ |
| A02.26.023 | Accommodation study, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.023 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| A02.26.024 | Determination of the nature of vision, heterophoria, 2 eyes Code: A02.26.024 |
1 | 800 ₽ |
| А03.26.001 | Biomicroscopy, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.001 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| A03.26.012 | Examination of the posterior corneal epithelium, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.012 |
1 | 600 ₽ |
| A03.26.002 | Gonioscopy, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.002 |
1 | 850 ₽ |
| A03.26.003 | Examination of the periphery of the fundus using a three-mirror Goldmann lens, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.003 |
1 | 1,950 RUR |
| A03.26.003.001 | Examination of the periphery of the fundus using a lens, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.003.001 |
1 | 1,950 RUR |
| A03.26.011 | Keratopachymetry, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.011 |
1 | 800 ₽ |
| A03.26.005 | Biomicrograph of the eye and its adnexa, 1 eye Code: A03.26.005 |
1 | 800 ₽ |
| A03.26.005.001 | Biomicrography of the fundus using a fundus camera, 2 eyes Code: A03.26.005.001 |
1 | 1 600 ₽ |
| A03.26.018 | Biomicroscopy of the fundus (central zone), 2 eyes Code: A03.26.018 |
1 | 700 ₽ |
| A03.26.019 | Optical examination of the retina using a computer analyzer (one eye), 1 eye Code: A03.26.019 |
1 | 1,650 RUR |
| A03.26.019.001 | Optical examination of the anterior part of the eye using a computer analyzer (one eye), 1 eye Code: A03.26.019.001 |
1 | 1 200 ₽ |
| A03.26.019.002 | Optical examination of the posterior part of the eye using a computer analyzer in angiography mode (one eye), 1 eye Code: A03.26.019.002 |
1 | 2 500 ₽ |
| A03.26.019.003 | Optical examination of the optic nerve head and nerve fiber layer using a computer analyzer, 1 eye Code: A03.26.019.003 |
1 | 2,000 ₽ |
| A03.26.019.004 | Optical examination of the posterior segment of the eye (optic nerve) using a computer analyzer, 1 eye Code: A03.26.019.004 |
1 | 3 100 ₽ |
| A03.26.020 | Computer perimetry (screening), 2 eyes Code: A03.26.020 |
1 | 1 200 ₽ |
| A03.26.020.001 | Computer perimetry (screening + thresholds), 2 eyes Code: A03.26.020.001 |
1 | 1,850 RUR |
| A04.26.002 | Ultrasound examination of the eyeball (B-scan), 2 eyes Code: A04.26.002 |
1 | 1 200 ₽ |
| A04.26.004.001 | Ultrasound biometry of the eye (A-method), 2 eyes Code: A04.26.004.001 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| А04.26.004.002 | Ultrasound biometry of the eye with calculation of IOL optical power, 2 eyes Code: A04.26.004.002 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| A05.26.007 | Optical biometrics of the eye, 2 eyes Code: A05.26.007 |
1 | 650 ₽ |
| A12.26.007 | Load-unload tests to study the regulation of intraocular pressure, 2 eyes Code: A12.26.007 |
1 | 400 ₽ |
| A12.26.016 | Autorefractometry with a narrow pupil, 2 eyes Code: A12.26.016 |
1 | 350 ₽ |
| A12.26.018 | Videokeratotopography, 2 eyes Code: A12.26.018 |
1 | 1 200 ₽ |
| A23.26.001 | Selection of spectacle vision correction, 2 eyes Code: A23.26.001 |
1 | 1 100 ₽ |
| A23.26.001.001 | Selection of spectacle vision correction (with cycloplegia) Code: A23.26.001.001 |
1 | 1,550 RUR |
| A23.26.001.002 | Selection of spectacle vision correction (during a comprehensive examination) Code: A23.26.001.002 |
1 | 650 ₽ |
| А23.26.001.003 | Selection of spectacle vision correction (with cycloplegia during a comprehensive examination) Code: A23.26.001.003 |
1 | 850 ₽ |
| A25.26.001 | Prescription of medications for diseases of the organ of vision Code: A25.26.001 |
1 | 900 ₽ |
| B01.029.002 | Repeated appointment (examination, consultation) with an ophthalmologist Code: B01.029.002 |
1 | 850 ₽ |
| DU-OFT-004 | Training in using SCL Code: DU-OFT-004 |
1 | 1 500 ₽ |
| DU-OFT-005 | Determining your dominant eye Code: DU-OFT-005 |
1 | 400 ₽ |
What tests are included in a complete diagnostic examination of the visual system and what are they?
Any ophthalmological examination begins, first of all, with a conversation, identifying the patient’s complaints and collecting an anamnesis. And only after this they move on to hardware methods for studying the organ of vision. The hardware diagnostic examination includes determining visual acuity, studying the patient’s refraction, measuring intraocular pressure, examining the eye under a microscope (biomicroscopy), pachymetry (measuring the thickness of the cornea), echobiometry (determining the length of the eye), ultrasound examination of the eye (B-scan), computer keratotopography and careful (of the fundus) with a wide pupil, determining the level of tear production, assessing the patient’s field of vision. When ophthalmological pathology is detected, the scope of the examination is expanded to specifically study the clinical manifestations in a particular patient. Our clinic is equipped with modern, highly professional ophthalmological equipment from companies such as ALCON, Bausch & Lomb, NIDEK, Zeiss, Rodenstock, Oculus, which allows us to conduct studies of any level of complexity.
In our clinic, special tables with pictures, letters or other signs are used to determine the patient’s visual acuity and refraction. Using an automatic phoropter NIDEK RT-2100 (Japan), the doctor, alternately changing the diopter glasses, selects the most optimal lenses that provide the best vision for the patient. In our clinic, we use NIDEK SCP - 670 halogen sign projectors with 26 test patterns and analyze the results obtained under narrow and wide pupil conditions. Computer refraction research is carried out on a NIDEK ARK-710A autorefractive meter (Japan), which allows you to most accurately determine the refraction of the eye and the biometric parameters of the cornea.
Intraocular pressure is measured using a non-contact tonometer NIDEK NT-2000. If necessary, measurement of intraocular pressure is carried out by contact method - Maklakov or Goldman tonometers.
To examine the condition of the anterior segment of the eye (eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, lens, etc.), a NIDEK SL-1800 slit lamp (biomicroscope) is used. On it, the doctor evaluates the condition of the cornea, as well as deeper structures such as the lens and vitreous body.
All patients undergoing a full ophthalmological examination are required to undergo an examination of the fundus, including areas of its extreme periphery, under conditions of maximum pupil dilation. This makes it possible to identify dystrophic changes in the retina, diagnose its breaks and subclinical detachments - a pathology that is not clinically determined by the patient, but requires mandatory treatment. To dilate the pupils (mydriasis), fast and short-acting drugs are used (Midrum, Midriacil, Cyclomed). If changes are detected in the retina, we prescribe preventive laser coagulation using a special laser. Our clinic uses the best and most modern models: YAG laser, NIDEK DC-3000 diode laser.
One of the important methods for diagnosing a patient’s vision before any refractive surgery for vision correction is computer topography of the cornea, aimed at examining the surface of the cornea and its pachymetry - measuring its thickness.
One of the anatomical manifestations of refractive error (myopia,) is a change in the length of the eye. This is one of the most important indicators, which in our clinic is determined using a non-contact method using the IOL MASTER device from ZEISS (Germany). This is a combined biometric device, the research results of which are also important for calculating IOLs for cataracts. Using this device, during one session, the length of the eye axis, the radius of curvature of the cornea and the depth of the anterior chamber of the eye are measured directly one after another. All measurements are carried out using a non-contact method, which is extremely comfortable for the patient. Based on the measured values, the built-in computer can suggest optimal intraocular lenses. The basis for this is the current international calculation formulas.
Ultrasound examination is an important addition to generally accepted clinical methods of ophthalmological diagnostics; it is a widely known and informative instrumental method. This study makes it possible to obtain information about the topography and structure of normal and pathological changes in the tissues of the eye and orbit. Using the A-method (one-dimensional imaging system), the thickness of the cornea, the depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness of the lens and inner membranes of the eye, as well as the length of the eye are measured. The B-method (two-dimensional imaging system) allows you to assess the condition of the vitreous body, diagnose and evaluate the height and extent of choroidal and retinal detachment, identify and determine the size and localization of ocular and retrobulbar neoplasms, as well as detect and determine the location of a foreign body in the eye.
Visual field examination
Another necessary method for diagnosing vision is visual field testing. The purpose of determining the field of view (perimetry) is:
- diagnosis of eye diseases, in particular glaucoma
- dynamic observation to prevent the development of eye diseases.
Also, using hardware techniques, it is possible to measure the contrast and threshold sensitivity of the retina. These studies provide the possibility of early diagnosis and treatment of a number of eye diseases.
In addition, other parametric and functional data of the patient are examined, for example, determination of the level of tear production. The most diagnostically sensitive functional studies are used - the Schirmer test, the Norn test.
Optical tomography of the retina
Another modern method for studying the inner lining of the eye is. This unique technique allows you to get an idea of the structure of the retina throughout its entire depth, and even measure the thickness of its individual layers. With its help, it became possible to detect the earliest and smallest changes in the structure of the retina and optic nerve, which are not accessible to the resolving abilities of the human eye.
The operating principle of an optical tomograph is based on the phenomenon of light interference, which means that the patient is not exposed to any harmful radiation during the examination. The examination takes a few minutes, does not cause visual fatigue and does not require direct contact of the device’s sensor with the eye. Similar devices for vision diagnostics are available only in large clinics in Russia, Western Europe and the USA. The study provides valuable diagnostic information about the structure of the retina in diabetic macular edema and allows you to accurately formulate a diagnosis in complex cases, as well as obtain a unique opportunity to monitor the dynamics of treatment based not on the subjective impression of the doctor, but on clearly defined digital values of retinal thickness.
The study provides comprehensive information about the condition of the optic nerve and the thickness of the layer of nerve fibers around it. High-precision measurement of the latter parameter guarantees the identification of the earliest signs of this terrible disease, even before the patient notices the first symptoms. Considering the ease of implementation and the absence of unpleasant sensations during the examination, we recommend repeating control examinations on the scanner for glaucoma every 2-3 months, for diseases of the central zone of the retina - every 5-6 months.
Repeated examination allows you to determine the activity of the pathology, clarify the correctness of the chosen treatment, and also correctly inform the patient about the prognosis of the disease, which is especially important for patients suffering from macular holes, since the likelihood of a similar process developing in a healthy eye can be predicted after a tomograph study. Early, “preclinical” diagnosis of fundus changes in diabetes mellitus is also possible with this amazing device.
What happens after hardware research is completed?
After completing hardware tests (vision diagnostics), the doctor carefully analyzes and interprets all the information received about the condition of the patient’s organ of vision and, based on the data obtained, makes a diagnosis, on the basis of which a treatment plan for the patient is drawn up. All research results and treatment plan are explained to the patient in detail.
Why is it so important to undergo a comprehensive high-tech vision diagnostics?
Comprehensive vision diagnostics is a necessary condition for maintaining visual acuity for many years. The VISION ophthalmology clinic uses innovative diagnostic equipment to detect eye diseases at the earliest stage, and the qualifications of doctors ensure an accurate diagnosis. The experience of our specialists and advanced examination methods guarantee the selection of effective treatment methods. We have been working for more than 11 years so that you can enjoy the bright colors of the world.
Why is early vision diagnostics using innovative equipment necessary?
According to statistics, up to 65% of eye diseases proceed without symptoms for a long time, imperceptible to the patient. Therefore, it is important to regularly examine the entire visual apparatus: check visual acuity, the condition of the tissues of the eyeball, and the operation of the visual analyzer. The VISION clinic has technological capabilities for diagnosing all parts of the eye, including at the cellular level. This allows you to prescribe the necessary treatment in a timely manner and stop the processes leading to loss or deterioration of vision.
We take care of patients by selecting optimal diagnostic and treatment methods
Examination at the VISION clinic is suitable for patients of any age. Thus, the initial manifestations of retinal dystrophy can occur as early as 18-30 years of age. An optical tomograph allows you to obtain a 3D image of the structure of the retina and see the slightest changes in it. After 30 years, the prerequisites for retinal detachment, glaucoma, and the first stages of neoplasms are identified. And after 50 years, you can discover cataracts or macular degeneration - diseases that lead to complete blindness. Diagnosis always includes a consultation with an ophthalmologist, who will select the optimal treatment regimen or recommend surgery to correct vision. Surgical treatment can also be performed by experienced ophthalmic surgeons at our clinic.
Advantages of the VISION clinic
1.Highly accurate diagnostics
Use of modern equipment, including optical tomographs. Some of the diagnostic methods are unique.
2.Qualification of doctors
The clinic employs qualified specialists - ophthalmologists and ophthalmic surgeons who love their work and have expert knowledge. We do not have visiting doctors, only permanent employees.
3.Innovations in treatment
The latest methods of surgical and non-surgical treatment of myopia, cataracts, glaucoma and other pathologies. Compliance with the international quality standard GOST ISO 9001-2011.
4.Top level eye surgery
Ophthalmic surgeons with unique experience and the latest generation operating equipment provide a high chance of preserving and improving vision even in difficult cases.
5.Responsible approach
Our doctors are responsible for the accuracy of the diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. You will receive detailed advice about your eye health.
6.Transparent prices
There is a fixed price in accordance with the price list. There are no hidden co-payments or unexpected costs once treatment begins.
7.Social orientation.
Our clinic has loyalty programs and social discounts for veterans, pensioners, and the disabled. We want new ophthalmology technologies to be accessible to everyone.
8. Convenient location
The clinic is located in the center of Moscow, on Smolenskaya Square. From the metro station Smolenskaya Filevskaya line just 5 minutes on foot.
The cost of the examination includes a consultation with a highly professional ophthalmologist.
The level and depth of research enable the ophthalmologist, based on the analysis of the data obtained, to make a complete diagnosis, determine tactics, prescribe and carry out treatment, and also predict the course of certain pathological processes in the vascular, nervous and endocrine systems of the body.
A complete ophthalmological examination takes from one to one and a half hours.
Protocol for ophthalmological examination of patients at the VISION ophthalmological center
1. identifying complaints, collecting anamnesis.
2. Visual exploration anterior segment of the eyes, for diagnosing diseases of the eyelids, pathology of the lacrimal organs and oculomotor system.
3.Refractometry and keratometry- study of the total refractive power of the eye and cornea separately in order to identify myopia, farsightedness and astigmatism with a narrow pupil and in conditions of cycloplegia.
4. Measuring intraocular pressure using a non-contact tonometer.
5. Determination of visual acuity with and without correction, using a sign projector and a set of trial lenses.
6. Character Definition vision (binocularity)- test for hidden strabismus.
7. Keratotopography- study of the cornea relief using automatic computer keratotopograph in order to determine congenital, dystrophic and other changes in the shape of the cornea (astigmatism, keratoconus, etc.).
8. Selection of glasses taking into account the nature of visual work.
9. Biomicroscopy- examination of the structures of the eye (conjunctiva, cornea, anterior chamber, iris, lens, vitreous body, fundus) using a slit lamp - biomicroscope.
10. Gonioscopy- examination of the structures of the anterior chamber of the eye using a special lens and biomicroscope.
11. Schirmer test- determination of tear production.
12. Computer perimetry- study of peripheral and central visual fields using automatic projection perimeter (diagnosis of retinal and optic nerve diseases, glaucoma).
13. Ultrasound of the eye for studying internal structures, measuring the size of the eye. This study allows us to detect the presence of foreign bodies, retinal detachment, and eye tumors in opaque internal environments.
