Dow's work plan for selecting partial programs. Analysis of partial programs for implementing the variable part

The program “FROM BIRTH TO SCHOOL” is an innovative general educational program document for preschool institutions, prepared taking into account the latest achievements of science and practice of domestic and foreign preschool education.
The program was developed in accordance with the current Federal State Educational Standards for Educational Education.

The Program brings to the fore the developmental function of education, ensuring the formation of the child’s personality and orienting the teacher to his individual characteristics, which corresponds to modern scientific concepts of preschool education about the recognition of the intrinsic value of the preschool period of childhood. The program is built on the principles of a humane and personal attitude towards the child and
is aimed at its comprehensive development, the formation of spiritual and universal values, as well as abilities and competencies. The Program lacks strict regulation of children's knowledge and subject-centrism in teaching.

The basic general education program reveals age characteristics, the contingent of students, daily routines, schedules of direct educational activities, as well as the content of psychological and pedagogical work on the development of educational areas by children, monitoring of the educational process and interaction with society and parents.

The organization of work to fulfill the tasks of each educational area is ensured by the use ofpartial programs and technologies:

Overview of partial programs

PROGRAM “BASICS OF THE SAFETY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN”(R. B. Sterkina, O. L. Knyazeva, N. N. Avdeeva)

The program involves solving the most important social and pedagogical task - developing in a child the skills of adequate behavior in various unexpected situations. Developed on the basis of the draft state standard for preschool education. Contains a set of materials that provide stimulation in preschool childhood (senior preschool age) of independence and responsibility for their behavior. Its goals are to develop the child’s skills of reasonable behavior, to teach him to behave adequately in dangerous situations at home and on the street, in city transport, when communicating with strangers, interacting with fire hazardous and other objects, animals and poisonous plants; contribute to the formation of the foundations of environmental culture and introduction to a healthy lifestyle. The program is addressed to teachers of senior groups of preschool educational institutions. It consists of an introduction and six sections, the content of which reflects changes in the life of modern society and thematic planning, in accordance with which educational work with children is built: “Child and other people”, “Child and nature”, “Child at home”, “Child’s health” ", "Emotional well-being of a child", "Child on a city street". The content of the program reserves for each preschool institution the right to use various forms and methods of organizing education, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children, sociocultural differences, the uniqueness of home and living conditions, as well as the general socio-economic and crime situation. Due to the special importance of protecting the life and health of children, the program requires mandatory compliance with its basic principles: completeness (implementation of all its sections), systematicity, taking into account the conditions of urban and rural areas, seasonality, age targeting. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

The program has an educational and methodological set: a textbook on the basics of life safety for children of senior preschool age and four colorfully illustrated handout albums for children.

PROGRAM “ME, YOU, WE”(O. L. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina)

The program includes the following sections:

· “Self-confidence”;

· “Feelings, desires, views”;

· “Social skills.”

PROGRAM “CONSTRUCTION AND MANUAL LABOR IN KINDERGARTEN”(L. V. Kutsakova)

Based on the concept of artistic and aesthetic education of preschool children. The main goal is to develop children's constructive skills and artistic and creative abilities, to introduce them to various modeling and design techniques. It is based on the integrated use of all types of design and artistic work in kindergarten. Designed for the entire preschool age - from three to six years. Provides a differentiated approach to children with different levels of intellectual and artistic development, including children with weak and strong motivation, as well as gifted ones. The selection of educational material for creativity meets the principles of preschool didactics and the age capabilities of children. Contains technologies based on the use of non-traditional teaching methods and techniques, allowing the teacher to develop in children associative thinking, imagination, creative skills, practical skills, artistic taste, and an aesthetic attitude to reality. Much attention is paid to the creative nature of the joint activities of the teacher and children. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “YOUNG ECOLOGIST”(S. N. Nikolaeva)

Aimed at developing the beginnings of ecological culture in children two to six years old in a kindergarten. It has a theoretical basis and detailed methodological support. Ecological culture is considered as a conscious attitude of children to natural phenomena and objects that surround them, to themselves and their health, to objects made from natural materials. It consists of two subprograms: “Environmental education of preschool children” and “Advanced training for employees of preschool educational institutions.” The structure of the first subprogram is based on children’s sensory perception of nature, emotional interaction with it, and basic knowledge about life, growth and development of living beings. The ecological approach to introducing children to nature and the ecological content of all sections of the program are based on the main pattern of nature - the relationship of living organisms with their environment. Methodological materials for the program “Education of environmental culture in preschool childhood” have been developed, which reveal a specific technology for environmental education of older preschoolers in a kindergarten, and present the planning of work with children throughout the school year by month and week. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “INVOKING CHILDREN TO THE ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN FOLK CULTURE”(O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva)

This program defines new guidelines in the moral and patriotic education of children, based on their familiarization with Russian folk culture. The main goal is to contribute to the formation of a personal culture in children, to introduce them to the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people, to lay a solid foundation in the development of national culture by children based on familiarity with the life and way of life of the Russian people, their character, their inherent moral values, traditions, and material characteristics. and spiritual environment. At the same time, the program addresses issues of expanding the basic personality culture of teachers in preschool educational institutions. The theoretical basis of the program is the well-known position (D. Likhachev, I. Ilyin) that children, in the process of becoming familiar with their native culture, become familiar with enduring universal human values. The program is designed to work with children three to seven years old, and includes long-term and calendar planning. Offers new organizational and methodological forms of work; contains information materials from various literary, historical, ethnographic, art and other sources. The program consists of three parts. The first contains specific recommendations for the implementation of the program and organization of the developmental environment in preschool educational institutions, and highlights the forms and methods of interaction between the teacher and children. The second part provides long-term and calendar plans for working with children of all age groups, and describes in detail the content of all classes. The third part includes applications: literary, historical, ethnographic, historical texts, a dictionary of Old Church Slavonic words most often used in fairy tales, proverbs, and sayings. The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “THEATRE - CREATIVITY - CHILDREN”(N. F. Sorokina, L. G. Milanovich)

The goal of the program is to develop children's creative abilities through theatrical art. It scientifically substantiates the stage-by-stage use of certain types of children's creative activities in the process of theatrical implementation; means and methods of theatrical and play activities are systematically presented, taking into account the age of children; Parallel solution of problems of artistic speech, stage and musical art is provided. The leading principle of the program is to involve children in productive theatrical and playful creative activities, creating stage images that evoke emotional experiences. The program is partial and can serve as a supplement to comprehensive and basic programs. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.

PROGRAM “SPEECH DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN”(O.S. Ushakova)

The goal of the program is to develop preschoolers’ speech skills and abilities, to form their ideas about the structure of a coherent utterance, as well as about the methods of connection between individual phrases and its parts. The program covers the theoretical foundations quite fully and describes the directions of work on the speech development of children.

The program solves problems related to teaching the native language, the development of speech of children of primary, middle and senior preschool age: education of sound culture, vocabulary work, the formation of the grammatical structure of speech, the development of coherent speech. Tasks, games, and exercises help solve different problems at the same time, which are closely intertwined with each other.

The quality and effectiveness of preschool education are mediated by many factors, among which the educational program is not the least important. Since modern preschool educational institutions are represented by diversity, and parents have the opportunity to make a choice among kindergartens of various specializations and directions, the main preschool education programs are also quite diverse.

The Law “On Education” of the Russian Federation states that the staff of a preschool educational institution has the right to independently develop or select from existing programs those that most fully comply with the conditions and principles of operation of a given preschool institution. It cannot be said that this or that program is better or worse - they are all designed taking into account the necessary requirements, and each of them has its own advantages.

Let's briefly look at the main ones that are common in kindergartens in the Russian Federation.

What are the main preschool education programs?

All main preschool education programs can be divided into two types - comprehensive (or general education) and so-called partial (specialized, basic preschool education programs with a narrower and more pronounced focus).

Basic preschool education programs complex type take into account a holistic approach to the harmonious and comprehensive development of the child. According to such programs, education, training and development occur in all directions in accordance with existing psychological and pedagogical standards.

Partial basic preschool education programs suggest a main focus on any one direction in the development and upbringing of a child. In this case, a comprehensive approach to the implementation of preschool education is ensured by the competent selection of several partial programs.

Comprehensive core preschool education programs

"Origins"– a program in which due attention is paid to the development of the child’s personality in accordance with his age. The authors offer 7 basic personal characteristics that must be developed in a preschooler. The “Origins” educational program, like other basic preschool education programs, takes into account the comprehensive and harmonious development of the preschooler and makes it its priority.

"Rainbow"— in this program you will find 7 main types of activities typical for a preschooler. They include play, construction, mathematics, physical education, visual arts and manual labor, musical and plastic arts, speech development and familiarity with the outside world. Development under the program occurs in all of the above areas.

"Childhood"— the program is divided into 4 main blocks, each of which is a central element in the construction of preschool education. There are sections “Cognition”, “Healthy lifestyle”, “Creation”, “Humane attitude”.

"Development" is a special preschool education program that is based on the principle of gradually increasing the complexity of educational, educational and educational tasks. The program provides a planned, consistent approach to preschool education and child development.

"Little one" is a comprehensive program created specifically for children under 3 years of age. It takes into account the specifics of early childhood and ensures maximum efficiency in solving educational problems specifically for children of this age category. Includes several blocks - “We are waiting for you, baby!”, “Myself”, “Gulenka”, “How I will grow and develop”.

Partial basic preschool education programs

“Cobweb”, “Young ecologist”, “Our home is nature”— these programs are developed for the purpose of environmental education of preschool children. Accordingly, they instill in children a love and respect for nature and the world around us, and form an environmental awareness, which is very important for preschool children.

“Nature and the Artist”, “Semitsvetik”, “Integration”, “Umka - TRIZ”, “Baby”, “Harmony”, “Musical Masterpieces”, “Design and Manual Labor” - all these preschool education programs have one thing in common: they have a pronounced focus on the creative development of the child and on the artistic and aesthetic perception of the world.

“I, you, we”, “Development of children’s ideas about history and culture”, “I am a person”, “Heritage”, “Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture” - the listed main preschool education programs have a socio-cultural focus . They are designed to stimulate the development of spirituality, morality, cultural understanding and important social skills. In addition, some programs set the highest goal of instilling patriotism as a valuable personality characteristic.

“Sparkle”, “Play for health”, “Start”, “Hello!”, “Health”— in these programs, the emphasis is on the health improvement, physical development of the preschooler and his physical activity. The priorities are to instill a love of sports, an active and healthy lifestyle.

There are even more specialized core preschool programs. For example, Safety Fundamentals program involves preparing preschoolers for possible danger situations, natural disasters and emergencies. "Preschooler and Economics"- a program designed for economic education and the formation of initial financial and economic ideas.

Some basic preschool education programs have incorporated certain achievements of pedagogy and psychology.

For example, TRIZ program is based on the postulates of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, developed by G. T. Altshuller in 1945. It represents an original approach to the development of imagination, fantasy, creativity and ingenuity.

Program "Pedagogy of Maria Montessori" has an original position regarding the upbringing, training and education of a child, based on a solid scientific and philosophical basis. In addition, this program involves a deviation from some generally accepted pedagogical standards, for example, a rejection of the usual classroom-lesson system.

OVERVIEW OF PARTIAL PROGRAMS

PROGRAM “BASICS OF THE SAFETY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN"(R.B. Sterkina, O.L. Knyazeva, N.N. Avdeeva)

PROGRAM “ME, YOU, WE” (O. L. Knyazeva, R. B. Sterkina)

The proposed program is relevant for all types of preschool educational institutions and can effectively complement any preschool education program. Provides the basic (federal) component of the state standard of preschool education. Developed in order to fill a significant gap in traditional domestic education related to the socio-emotional development of a preschool child. Aimed at solving such important problems as the formation of the emotional sphere and the development of the child’s social competence. The program also helps to solve a complex of educational problems related to the development of moral standards of behavior, the ability to build relationships with children and adults, respectful attitude towards them, a decent way out of conflict situations, as well as self-confidence and the ability to adequately assess one’s own capabilities. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. PROGRAM “DISCOVER YOURSELF”(E.V. Ryleeva) Dedicated to the most important problem of modern preschool education - the individualization of personal development of children two to six years old and the inextricably linked task of developing self-awareness in preschoolers through the means of speech activity. The program is based on the principles of humanistic psychology and the author’s technology based on them, which allows you to personalize educational content, make it more flexible, adequate to the needs and interests of children with different levels of personality development and abilities. Covers several leading areas of the state standard of preschool education: “Speech development”, “Development of ideas about man in history and culture”, “Development of natural science concepts”, “Development of environmental culture”. It has a block structure, a concentric layout of educational material, which allows children to selectively assimilate the educational content of the program. The main thematic blocks of the program: “This is who I am”, “The world of people”, “The world not made by hands”, “I can” - provide the formation of ideas about significant areas of human life, allow for the correction of self-esteem, and prepare children to independently overcome difficulties. The program provides for the possibility of actively involving parents of students in the pedagogical process. Addressed to teachers of preschool educational institutions, teachers of educational institutions such as “Primary school - kindergarten”, psychologists, tutors, parents. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.

PROGRAM "HARMONY"(D.I. Vorobyova) The main idea of the program is the holistic development of the personality of a child two to five years old, his intellectual, artistic and creative potential. The leading principle is the multi-stage integration of educational and educational tasks of different types of activities with an emphasis on the productive activities of children (visual, constructive, artistic speech, theatrical). The structure of the program provides for work in two interrelated areas: the accumulation of social experience of knowing oneself and the world around us (seeing, hearing, playing, creating) and its implementation in the conditions of independent activity of children. The program contains new original technologies, which are based on the child’s search activity, providing him with a subjective position in the cognitive and creative process. An integral part of the “Harmony” program is the subprogram for the development of a child’s rhythmic plasticity “Rhythmic Mosaic”, built on a single conceptual basis.

PROGRAM “BEAUTY - JOY - CREATIVITY”(T. S. Komarova, etc.) It is a holistic, integrated program of aesthetic education for preschool children, effectively promoting the spiritual and intellectual development of children in preschool childhood. It is built on the author’s concept of aesthetic education and the development of children’s artistic and creative abilities, based on the principles of nationality, integrated use different types arts (musical, visual, theatrical, literature and architecture), sensory development of the child. It has a clear structure and takes into account the growth of creative capabilities of children from two to six years old. Includes all sections of work on aesthetic education in kindergarten. Along with traditional ones, the program also widely uses non-traditional educational means for aesthetic education - leisure and entertainment.

PROGRAM “CONSTRUCTION AND MANUAL LABOR IN KINDERGARTEN”(L. V. Kutsakova) Based on the concept of artistic and aesthetic education of preschool children. The main goal is to develop children's constructive skills and artistic and creative abilities, to introduce them to various modeling and design techniques. It is based on the integrated use of all types of design and artistic work in kindergarten. Designed for the entire preschool age - from three to six years. Provides a differentiated approach to children with different levels of intellectual and artistic development, including children with weak and strong motivation, as well as gifted ones. The selection of educational material for creativity meets the principles of preschool didactics and the age capabilities of children. Contains technologies based on the use of non-traditional teaching methods and techniques, allowing the teacher to develop in children associative thinking, imagination, creative skills, practical skills, artistic taste, and an aesthetic attitude to reality. Much attention is paid to the creative nature of the joint activities of the teacher and children. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. PROGRAM “OUR HOME IS NATURE”(N.A. Ryzhova) The content of the program ensures that children are familiar with the diversity and richness of the natural world, and promotes the development of initial natural scientific concepts and environmental concepts. Designed for the purpose of educating children of senior preschool age. Provides continuity with primary school education in the courses “The World Around You” and “Nature”. The main goals are to educate from the first years of life a humane, socially active personality, capable of understanding and loving the world around us, nature, and treating them with care. The peculiarity of the program is to develop in the child a holistic view of nature and man’s place in it, as well as environmentally literate and safe behavior. Elements of environmental knowledge are organically integrated into the general content, including natural and social aspects, which is determined by the structural features of the program, the educational material of which includes teaching and educational components. The program provides for the widespread use of a variety of practical activities for children in the study and protection of the environment. The content of the program may be adjusted in accordance with local natural and climatic conditions. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “LIFE AROUND US”(N. A. Avdeeva, G. B. Stepanova) Developed in accordance with the content of the state standard of preschool education in the section “Development of environmental culture of children.” Provides for environmental education and upbringing of children of senior preschool age, the study of the relationship between nature and social phenomena that is understandable to them. The theoretical basis of the program is the concept of personality-oriented education, the center of which is the creation of conditions for the development of the child’s personality. Provides an opportunity for a child to master environmental information in an accessible playful way, to form an emotionally positive, caring and responsible attitude towards living nature. The program is supplemented by an approximate thematic lesson plan and organizational and methodological recommendations for its implementation.

PROGRAM “YOUNG ECOLOGIST” (S. N. Nikolaeva) Aimed at developing the beginnings of ecological culture in children two to six years old in a kindergarten. It has a theoretical basis and detailed methodological support. Ecological culture is considered as a conscious attitude of children to natural phenomena and objects that surround them, to themselves and their health, to objects made from natural materials. It consists of two subprograms: “Environmental education of preschool children” and “Advanced training for employees of preschool educational institutions.” The structure of the first subprogram is based on children’s sensory perception of nature, emotional interaction with it, and basic knowledge about life, growth and development of living beings. The ecological approach to introducing children to nature and the ecological content of all sections of the program are based on the main pattern of nature - the relationship of living organisms with their environment. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education

PROGRAM "BADY"(V.A. Petrova) The program provides for the development of musical abilities in children of the third year of life in all types of musical activities available to them, and contributes to their introduction to the world of musical culture. The program is based on works from the classical repertoire, the rich range of which presupposes the teacher’s freedom to choose one or another piece of music, taking into account the level of training and development of a particular child. The program has significantly updated the repertoire of musical games. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “MUSICAL MASTERPIECES”(O. P. Radynova) The program contains a scientifically based and methodologically constructed system for forming the foundations of musical culture for preschool children (three to seven years old), taking into account the individual and psychophysiological characteristics of children and interconnected with all educational work of the kindergarten. The program is based on the use of works of high art, authentic examples of world musical classics. The fundamental principles of the program (thematic, contrasting comparison of works, concentric, principles of adaptability and syncretism) make it possible to systematize the repertoire of musical classics and folk music in order to accumulate intonation experience in the perception of music, develop creative abilities in different types of musical activities, flexible application of forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical work depending on the age and individual characteristics of the children. The program provides an interconnection between children’s cognitive and creative activities in the process of forming the foundations of musical culture. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “INVOKING CHILDREN TO THE ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN FOLK CULTURE”(O. L. Knyazeva, M. D. Makhaneva) This program defines new guidelines in the moral and patriotic education of children, based on their familiarization with Russian folk culture. The main goal is to contribute to the formation of a personal culture in children, to introduce them to the rich cultural heritage of the Russian people, to lay a solid foundation in the development of national culture by children based on familiarity with the life and way of life of the Russian people, their character, their inherent moral values, traditions, and material characteristics. and spiritual environment. At the same time, the program addresses issues of expanding the basic personality culture of teachers in preschool educational institutions. The theoretical basis of the program is the well-known position (D. Likhachev, I. Ilyin) that children, in the process of becoming familiar with their native culture, become familiar with enduring universal human values. The program is designed to work with children three to seven years old, and includes long-term and calendar planning. Offers new organizational and methodological forms of work; contains information materials from various literary, historical, ethnographic, art and other sources. Recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

PROGRAM “ENDURING VALUES OF THE SMALL HOMELAND”(E.V. Pchelintseva) Dedicated to the historical and cultural aspect of the development of a child aged three to seven years. Created on the basis of the achievements of modern science and advanced pedagogical experience of preschool educational institutions in the Ivanovo region. It defines the content and necessary conditions for the formation at the early stages of the civic foundations of the individual, its patriotic, moral, ethical and aesthetic orientation, nurturing love and respect for one’s people, their cultural wealth and versatile talent. The peculiarity of the program is the integration of the child’s historical, environmental, aesthetic, and ethical ideas based on wide familiarization with the cultural heritage of his native land, folk traditions, and the original nature of his native land. The main criterion for selecting material is local history culture, art and history, facts and events as components of the general national culture of Russia. The program includes three blocks that contain a wide range of topics that provide for the introduction of children to their native land, its history, folklore, folk and fine arts, etc. in specially organized classes and outside classes. The program determines the content of joint activities of the teacher and children, and provides for the organization of free independent activities within which the creative activity of each child develops. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education. PROGRAM “DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN’S CONCEPT ABOUT HISTORY AND CULTURE"(L.N. Galiguzova, S.Yu. Meshcheryakova) Developed in accordance with the structural component of the state standard of preschool education “Development of ideas about man in history and culture.” Particular attention in the program is paid to the enduring values of world civilization. The main goal is to form in children of senior preschool age the foundations of spiritual culture, a humane attitude towards people and their work, respect for the cultural values of different peoples, the development of cognitive activity and creative abilities. The content of the program, at a level accessible to children, introduces them to the lives of people in different historical eras and gives them a basic understanding of technological progress. PROGRAM “THEATRE - CREATIVITY - CHILDREN”(N.F. Sorokina, L.G. Milanovich) The goal of the program is to develop the creative abilities of children through the means of theatrical art. It scientifically substantiates the stage-by-stage use of certain types of children's creative activities in the process of theatrical implementation; means and methods of theatrical and play activities are systematically presented, taking into account the age of children; Parallel solution of problems of artistic speech, stage and musical art is provided. The leading principle of the program is to involve children in productive theatrical and playful creative activities, creating stage images that evoke emotional experiences. The program is partial and can serve as a supplement to comprehensive and basic programs. Approved by the Federal Expert Council on General Education.

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Dow's work plan for selecting partial programs. Analysis of partial programs for implementing the variable part

What are the main preschool education programs?

Comprehensive core preschool education programs

Partial basic preschool education programs

Preschool education program of the municipal budgetary preschool educational institution, general developmental kindergarten No. 44

Explanatory note page 3 Organization of the regime of stay of children in an educational institution page 6

Educational program of preschool education from birth to school

Basic general education program of preschool education. But Seversk 2010

Program for the renewal of humanities education in Russia p. A. Belicheva