Furosemide tablets. Composition and release form

Furosemide, what do these tablets help with? The drug is well known for its diuretic properties, which help relieve swelling. The diuretic "Furosemide" instructions for use prescribes taking it for edema, heart failure, hypertension.

Composition and release form

The medication is produced in the form of tablets for internal use, as well as a solution for injection. The active element of the drug "Furosemide", which helps with edema, is the substance of the same name. Diuretic tablets contain 0.04 g of active ingredient, injections contain 10 mg/ml.

Injections are supplied in 2 ml ampoules. Better absorption of the medication is facilitated by auxiliary components, the list of which depends on the form of release: starch, silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide, magnesium stearate, sodium chloride, povidone and other components.

Pharmacological properties

Diuretic tablets "Furosemide", which helps the medicine for kidney diseases, intensively remove water and magnesium and calcium ions from the body. Thus, the diuretic effect of the active element is manifested. When using the drug for heart failure, the load on the myocardium is reduced.

This occurs as a result of dilation of arteries and veins. The effect of the drug is observed after 5 minutes with intravenous injection and after an hour when using tablets. The therapeutic effect lasts for 2-3 hours. If kidney function deteriorates, the medication acts for 6-8 hours.

Medicine "Furosemide": what helps

The medication is prescribed for various types of edematous syndrome. Indications for the use of the drug "Furosemide" include the following diseases and conditions:

heart asthma; excess calcium in the body; pulmonary edema; hypertensive crisis; heart failure; eclampsia; cerebral edema; complicated arterial hypertension; nephrotic syndrome; cirrhosis of the liver.

The drug is also used when performing forced diuresis.

What does Furosemide in ampoules help with?

The instructions explain that the indications for use of the injection form are similar to those for tablets. However, the injections work faster. Doctors, when asked: “What is the Furasemide solution intended for?”, answer that intravenous administration can quickly reduce pressure and preload on the myocardium. This plays an important role in emergency situations of the patient.

Contraindications

The instructions for use prohibit the use of the drug "Furosemide" for:

hypersensitivity to the active element; urethral stenosis; arterial hypotension; digitalis intoxication; pancreatitis; acute glomerulonephritis; hypokalemia; diabetic coma; increased venous pressure; acute kidney failure; hepatic coma; gout; cardiomyopathy; urinary duct stones; liver failure in a complex form; hyperglycemic coma; hyperuricemia; aortic stenosis; alkalosis; precomatose states; acute myocardial infarction.

Caution when using the product should be observed by elderly people, with diabetes mellitus, prostate hyperplasia, hypoproteinemia, and atherosclerosis. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, Furosemide can only be used as an emergency remedy under the supervision of a physician.

Medicine "Furosemide": instructions for use

The treatment regimen is determined by a specialist depending on the clinical picture of the pathology. Tablets are taken in a volume of 20 to 80 mg per day. The dosage can be gradually increased, bringing the daily use of the drug to 0.6 g. The amount of Furosemide for children is calculated based on body weight 1-2 mg per kg, no more than 6 mg per kg.

Instructions for the use of Furosemide injections

The volume of intramuscular or intravenous injections should not exceed 0.04 g per day. It is possible to double the dose. Doctors recommend injecting the drug into a vein infectiously within 2 minutes. Injections into muscle tissue are only possible if it is impossible to use tablets and intravenous injections.

In acute conditions, injections into the muscle are contraindicated.

Drug interactions

The combined use of Furosemide and other drugs may cause negative reactions in the body. The combination of the medication with hypoglycemic drugs, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, indomethacin, NSAIDs, and insulin is unacceptable. Do not take the drug together with digitoxin, astemizole, digoxin, ACE inhibitors, cisplatin, cholestyramine, cisapride, phenytoin, colestipol, lithium carbonate.

Side effects

The drug "Furosemide", reviews and instructions confirm this, can cause negative reactions in the body. Side effects include:

tachycardia, dizziness, hearing impairment; anorexia, oliguria, exfoliative dermatitis; aplastic anemia, dehydration, thrombophlebitis; orthostatic hypotension, muscle weakness; blurred vision, dry mouth; interstitial nephritis, urticaria; thrombocytopenia, metabolic acidosis; kidney calcification (in newborns); arrhythmia, headache, cholestatic jaundice; hematuria, skin itching, hypochloremia; low blood pressure, tetany, stool disorders; urinary retention, purpura, leukopenia; hyponatremia, collapse, apathy; nausea or vomiting, lethargy, impotence; necrotizing angiitis, agranulocytosis; hypovolemia, confusion; exacerbation of pancreatitis, vasculitis; anaphylactic shock, adynamia, drowsiness, erythema.

Price and analogues

"Furasemide" can be replaced by the following drugs - analogues: "Lasix", "Torasemide", "Trigrim", "Furosemide Sopharma". You can buy Furosemide tablets for 16–20 rubles, the price of injections is 25 rubles.

Opinions of patients and doctors

The drug "Furosemide", reviews from experts confirm this fact, is a key remedy for the treatment of edema syndrome in people with heart failure. This is a fast-acting drug. Patients say that in addition to helping with edema and hypertension, the medication has side effects and is addictive (it is not advisable to use it for a long time).

Many women use the drug Furosemide for weight loss. This product allows you to quickly get rid of 3 - 5 kg of excess weight. However, doctors do not recommend taking the drug for weight loss, since it does not break down excess fat, but removes water and other necessary substances. Women claim that when taking more than 2 capsules per week, side effects and addiction appear.

On the forums you can come across the question: Which is better - Lasix or Furosemide? Pharmacists explain that the drugs are identical, and their choice depends on price and availability.

Congestion and swelling of soft tissues are quite common disorders that occur in many diseases of different organ systems. You can improve the outflow and exit of fluid from the body with the help of medications, of which there are a huge variety today. And quite often doctors recommend the drug Furosemide to their patients. What does it help with? What properties does it have? Are there any contraindications to treatment? Are side effects possible? The answers to these questions are of interest to every patient.

Composition and release form of the drug

The diuretic "Furosemide" is available in the form of tablets, as well as a solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration. There are also granules for preparing a suspension - this form of medicine is more suitable for treating children.

The main active substance of the drug is furosemide. One tablet contains 40 mg of this component. You can buy packs of 20 or 50 tablets at the pharmacy. In some cases (especially when it comes to severe edema), it is advisable to use an injection solution - it is sold in 2 ml glass ampoules with a furosemide concentration of 1%. Today, packages of 10, 25 and 50 ampoules are sold.

In fact, in almost every pharmacy you can easily purchase the drug Furosemide. In this case, a doctor’s prescription for the tablets is not needed, although some pharmacies have sales restrictions.

Basic pharmacological properties

In modern medicine, the drug Furosemide is very often used. Its use in some cases is simply necessary. This is a fast-acting diuretic that inhibits the processes of reabsorption of chlorine and sodium ions in the proximal and distal tubules of the kidney, which accelerates the process of excretion of fluid from the body. The drug does not affect glomerular filtration in any way, so it is prescribed even in the presence of renal failure. Furosemide also dilates peripheral blood vessels, which reduces blood pressure.

After taking the pill, the effect usually begins to appear within 30-50 minutes. If we are talking about intravenous administration, then the increase in the volume of urine excreted begins after 15-20 minutes. The effect of the medicine lasts about 3-4 hours.

The drug "Furosemide": what is it taken for? Indications for therapy

Every person experiences poor health from time to time. So in what cases is it advisable to take the drug "Furosemide"? What does it help with? The main indication for use is edema syndrome. In turn, edema can be a symptom of a variety of diseases.

Of course, fluid stagnation often indicates the presence of kidney problems. In such cases, doctors often prescribe Furosemide. Indications for use: edema caused by chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, hypercalcemia. In addition, the drug helps with hypertension, chronic heart failure, eclampsia, and cardiac asthma. The medicine also helps fight swelling, which is associated with liver disease. Indications also include pulmonary and cerebral edema.

Medicine "Furosemide": instructions

These tablets, as mentioned earlier, can be freely purchased at the pharmacy. If you have any problems, however, you should first consult a doctor. Only a specialist can prescribe you to take the drug Furosemide. How to take the pills, what is the maximum daily dose, how long the treatment will last - you will find the answers to all these questions from your doctor. The instructions for use contain only general recommendations.

As a rule, the initial dose of the drug for adults is 40 mg of furosemide (one tablet). If no changes occur after taking the medication, the doctor may increase the dose by 80-120 mg every 6-8 hours until a normal diuretic effect appears. However, there are some limitations. You can take no more than four tablets (160 mg) at a time. The maximum daily dose is 300 mg, but in such quantities the medicine cannot be used for maintenance therapy, only as an emergency measure.

Often, patients suffering from swelling and arterial hypertension are prescribed the drug Furosemide. How to take it in such cases? Most often, doctors recommend taking one tablet twice a day. The duration of therapy is determined individually. As soon as the swelling begins to disappear, the dose of the medication is gradually reduced.

Intravenous and intramuscular administration is advisable only for persistent edema, as well as in cases where oral administration is not possible. When it comes to treating children, the daily dose is 1-2 mg of furosemide per kilogram of weight.

Doctors often prescribe the drug Furosemide (tablets) to their patients. The instructions for use contain some special recommendations. Against the background of a long course of medication, it is very important to constantly monitor blood pressure, as well as monitor the concentration of electrolytes in the plasma. Some patients are also advised to take potassium supplements and eat a diet rich in this and other minerals.

Are there any contraindications?

Many people are interested in the question of whether all categories of patients are allowed to take the drug Furosemide (tablets). The instructions for use confirm that there are some contraindications in this case. Every patient should familiarize themselves with their list before starting therapy.

To begin with, it is worth saying that the drug is not prescribed to a patient with hypokalemia, since the tablets can further reduce the level of potassium in the blood, which will affect the functioning of the entire body, especially the cardiovascular system. Contraindications also include hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency and wheat allergy.

The drug should not be prescribed in the presence of severe renal or liver failure, or hepatic coma. Contraindications also include acute glomerulonephritis, in which there is a violation of the outflow of urine. The drug should not be taken by patients with water-electrolyte imbalance, decompensated aortic and mitral stenosis, increased venous pressure, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. The tablets are not intended for use in children under three years of age.

Many people need to take the drug Furosemide. Indications for therapy are most often swelling, and it is no secret that many pregnant women face a similar problem. It is immediately worth noting that taking this medication in the first trimester is strictly prohibited. In the second half of pregnancy, therapy is possible, but only under the supervision of a doctor. By the way, during lactation the medicine affects the functioning of the mammary glands, causing a decrease in the amount of milk (due to the removal of fluid). If therapy is still necessary, then it is better to stop breastfeeding during treatment.

Main side effects

Many people are interested in questions about what the drug “Furosemide” is, what it is used for, etc. But an equally important aspect is the presence of side effects. Statistical studies have shown that complications in most cases are the result of taking the medicine incorrectly or for too long. If you follow all the doctor's recommendations, the likelihood of developing side effects is minimal.

Hypotension and interstitial nephritis may develop during therapy. It is also possible that potassium levels in the blood decrease and glucose and uric acid levels increase, which is associated with increased diuresis. Sometimes reactions occur from the digestive (nausea, vomiting) and nervous systems (dizziness, headaches, fatigue, depression, confusion). It is also possible to experience severe thirst and dry mucous membranes. Some patients develop allergic skin reactions.

Interaction with other drugs

The diuretic Furosemide is not recommended to be taken together with cephalosporins, ethacrynic acid, amphotericins and other drugs that have a nephrotoxic effect. This drug also increases the activity of theophylline and diazoxide, reduces the effect of allopurinol, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications you take. During therapy it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol.

Overdose and its consequences

Today, many patients are faced with the need to take the drug Furosemide. Indications for its use are swelling and fluid stagnation, which, unfortunately, some people encounter very often. Unfortunately, too large doses of this drug can lead to dangerous consequences, in particular, hypovolemia, a condition that is accompanied by a decrease in circulating blood volume. Against the background of such a disorder, a sharp decrease in blood pressure, as well as orthostatic collapse, is possible. After an overdose, the patient must be taken to the hospital immediately. First of all, he needs to be given an electrolyte solution in order to restore blood volume. If necessary, further symptomatic therapy is carried out.

How much does the medicine cost?

So, we found out what the instructions say about the drug Furosemide. The tablets, their composition and properties are certainly very interesting. But an equally important factor for many is the price of the medicine.

So how much will the drug cost? In fact, Furosemide stands out among other diuretics not only because of its high efficiency, but also because of its affordable cost. A package of 50 tablets with a dose of the active substance of 40 mg costs about 30-40 rubles. But 10 ampoules of this medicine will cost 25-30 rubles, which, you see, is not so much. Of course, the figure may vary depending on the patient’s city of residence, the pharmacy whose services he decided to use, and many other factors.

Analogues of the drug

In some cases, for a number of reasons, patients are not suitable for a particular medicine. Therefore, many are interested in whether it is possible to replace Furosemide with something. Analogues of this drug, of course, exist. The modern pharmaceutical market offers a huge selection of diuretics.

For example, Lasix is considered a fairly good substitute. The doctor may also recommend taking medications such as Furon or Frusemide. These are structural analogues that contain the same active substance and, accordingly, have a similar effect.

There are other diuretics that contain different components, but provide the same effect. Doctors often prescribe medications to their patients such as “Urea”, “Mannitol”, “Trifas”, “Clopamide”, “Uregit”. These are quite strong drugs that help quickly solve the problem of swelling. There are means of a milder effect, the list of which includes “Cyclomethiazide”, “Hypothiazide”, “Pterofen”, “Diacarb”, “Veroshpiron”.

In any case, you should understand that you cannot independently look for a substitute for the drug Furosemide. Only the attending physician can select analogues, since everything here depends on the patient’s health status, his age, the characteristics of the disease and individual needs. Uncontrolled use of diuretics can lead to dangerous consequences.

Furosemide is a fast-acting diuretic used to combat swelling of the respiratory system and brain, as well as disorders of the systemic circulation. It is distinguished by its rapid diuretic effect on the body.

The mechanism of action of the drug composition on the body is:

impaired reabsorption of ions of elements such as sodium and chlorine, which contributes to increased fluid excretion and increased secretion of potassium ions in the distal part of the renal tubule;
increasing the excretion of calcium and magnesium ions;
releasing mediators located in the kidneys and improving blood circulation in these organs;
stabilization of the condition in heart failure due to the reduction of preload on the heart due to the expansion of large veins;
providing a hypotensive effect.

The therapeutic effect is observed within 5-10 minutes if the drug is used in the form of a solution for intravenous injection. When using a tablet formulation, the therapeutic effect is achieved within the first hour.

Release form

The main active ingredient of the drug is represented by the element of the same name – furosemide. The drug is available in the form of tablets, injection solutions and granules for the preparation of suspensions for oral administration. The latter, as a rule, are prescribed for the treatment of children and are not commercially available today.

The injection solution is sold in packs of 5, 10 and 25 ampoules with a volume of 2 ml each. The content of the main substance can be 10 and 20 mg/ml.

As for the tablet form, one tablet contains about 40 mg of furosemide. The drug is available on sale in cardboard packages of 25 and 50 tablets.

Instructions for use

Furosemide is indicated to relieve swelling in patients with:

chronic form of heart failure;
chronic form of renal failure;
nephrotic syndrome (used only as an auxiliary component of complex therapy aimed directly at treating the underlying pathology);
liver diseases;
arterial hypertension;
some forms of hypertensive crisis;
pulmonary edema;
cardiac asthma;
cerebral edema;
eclampsia;
signs of barbiturate poisoning;
the need for forced diuresis;
hypercalcemia.

Price

The drug Furosemide is a fairly common and affordable medicine.

*Release form*	*Manufacturer*	*Cost, rub.*	*Pharmacy*
	Ozone, Russia	33	http://www.eapteka.ru
Furosemide, tablets, 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Borisov plant, Belarus	22	http://www.eapteka.ru
Furosemide, ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Borisov plant, Belarus	27	http://www.eapteka.ru
	Ozone, Russia	34	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide tablets 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Borisov plant, Belarus	22	https://www.piluli.ru
	Borisov plant, Belarus	27	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide tablets 50 pcs. 40 mg each	Irbitsky Chemical Plant, Russia	23	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Dalkhimfarm, Russia	21	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Biokhimik JSC, Russia	28	https://www.piluli.ru
Furosemide ampoules, 10 pcs. 2 ml, 1%	Borisovsky plant of medical preparations	29.50	https://apteka.ru

Analogs

If the prescription and use of Furosemide for one reason or another is not possible, it is recommended to use one of the following analogues of this drug:

Torasemide– a drug that is a “loop” diuretic. Torasemide causes hypokalemia to a lesser extent than furosemide, but it is more active and its action lasts longer. The main active ingredient of the drug is torasemide. Available in the form of tablets containing 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg of active ingredient. The average price of 60 tablets in a dosage of 5 mg is 330 rubles, in a dosage of 10 mg - 235 rubles.
Britomar- another effective diuretic based on torasemide. Available in the form of tablets, the content of which reaches 5 and 10 mg of the main active ingredient. On sale there are packages with 10, 15 and 30 tablets. The average cost of 30 tablets with a dosage of 5 mg is 380 rubles, and the same amount with a dosage of 10 mg is 455 rubles (manufacturer: Ferrer International S.A., Norway).
Lasix– a diuretic drug based on furosemide. Available in the form of tablets (45 pieces per package) and injection solutions in ampoules with volumes of 2 ml (10 pieces per package). The content of the active substance in one ampoule is 20 mg, and in one tablet – 40 mg. The average cost of the tablet form is 55 rubles, and the injection solution is 90 rubles per package.
Diuver– a diuretic drug, the main active ingredient of which is torasemide. Available in the form of tablets of 20 and 60 pcs. packaged. The dosage of torasemide reaches 5 and 10 mg. The drug is produced by the pharmaceutical company Teva from Israel and the minimum cost is 685 rubles (60 tablets with a dosage of torasemide of 5 mg).
Trigrim– a diuretic drug based on torasemide. Available in the form of tablets containing the main component of 2.5, 5 or 10 mg. The average cost of 30 tablets in the minimum dosage is 220 rubles (Polpharma, Poland).

Contraindications

Furosemide, despite its availability in pharmacies, should be taken only after consultation with your doctor. The drug has numerous contraindications, the main of which are:

acute renal failure;
severe liver failure;
acute form of glomerulonephritis, pronounced disturbances in the outflow of urine, regardless of etiology;
decompensated mitral or aortic stenosis;
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy;
increased central venous pressure;
disturbances of water and electrolyte metabolism;
digitalis intoxication;
period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
lactose intolerance, lactose deficiency;
wheat allergy;
hypersensitivity to the constituent active substance or auxiliary components in the composition.

Dosage

The initial dose of the drug prescribed to adult patients should not exceed 40 mg. After administration, the therapeutic effect should be observed; in the absence of which, after 6-8 hours, it is recommended to take another 80 to 120 mg of the drug.

In order to maintain the therapeutic effect, Furosemide should be taken in an amount of 40 mg per day and the daily dosage during maintenance therapy should not exceed 80 mg. The maximum daily dosage of the medicinal composition is 300 mg.

If Furosemide is prescribed to children, the optimal daily dosage should be calculated in a ratio of 1 to 2 mg of the drug per 1 kg of child weight. In this case, it is strongly recommended not to self-medicate and deviate from the pediatrician’s recommendations. As for the duration of treatment with Furosemide, it is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the individual characteristics of the body and the severity of the condition.

Side effects

Furosemide is characterized not only by achieving a rapid therapeutic effect, but also by a number of possible side effects. Most often, during treatment, patients encounter:

nausea and vomiting;
redness of the skin;
diarrhea or constipation;
itchy skin;
arterial hypotension;
interstitial nephritis;
tinnitus, decreased hearing acuity, which are reversible;
dizziness, drowsiness, confusion;
development of a depressive state;
muscle weakness;
tachycardia, arrhythmia;
increased risk of thrombosis;
headaches;
muscle cramps located on the calves;
anorexia;
acute urinary retention in those patients who have been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia;
decreased potency;
chills and fever;
development of anaphylactic shock;
toxic epidermal necrolysis;
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, eosinophilia;
hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia.

If the listed side effects are observed, it is recommended to adjust the daily dosage in the direction of reducing the volume of the drug taken.

Compatibility

When Furosemide is supplemented with cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, ethacrynic acid, cisplatin, amphotericin B, the concentration may increase and the risk of developing nephro- and ototoxic effects of the latter may increase. With the simultaneous use of diazoxide and theophylline, an increase in their effectiveness is observed, and with the prescription of hypoglycemic drugs and allopurinol, a decrease is observed.

The use of amphotericin B should be prescribed with caution, because as a result of complex treatment, the patient risks experiencing hypokalemia. But taking cardiac glycosides in combination with Furosemide may be accompanied by an increased risk of developing digitalis intoxication.

The use of a combination of Furosemide with medicinal compounds such as gentamicin, cephalosporin and other analogues with nephrotoxic effects should be excluded. The consumption of alcoholic beverages during treatment with Furosemide is strongly not recommended.

Overdose

When recommended dosages are exceeded, characteristic symptoms develop. Most often, patients seek qualified help with complaints of hypovolemia, dehydration, hemoconcentration, severe hypotension, decreased blood volume, signs of collapse, shock, heart rhythm and conduction disturbances (including AV block, ventricular fibrillation).

Patients often encounter acute renal failure with anuria, thrombosis, thromboembolism, drowsiness, confusion, flaccid paralysis, and apathy.

When identifying the listed symptoms, it is extremely important to adjust the water-electrolyte balance and acid-base balance, and replenish the bcc. It is also recommended to carry out symptomatic therapy aimed at normalizing the functioning of all vital organs. At the moment there is no specific antidote for Furosemide.

Loop diuretic

Drug: FUROSEMIDE

Active substance: furosemide
ATX code: C03CA01
CFG: Diuretic
Reg. number: P No. 008776
Registration date: 02/26/06
Owner reg. cred.: SOPHARMA AD (Bulgaria)

DOSAGE FORM, COMPOSITION AND PACKAGING

50 pcs. - contour cellular packaging.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE.
The scientific information provided is general and cannot be used to make a decision about the possibility of using a particular drug.

PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT

"Loop" diuretic. It disrupts the reabsorption of sodium and chlorine ions in the thick segment of the ascending loop of Henle. Due to an increase in the release of sodium ions, a secondary (mediated by osmotically bound water) increased excretion of water and an increase in the secretion of potassium ions occurs in the distal part of the renal tubule. At the same time, the excretion of calcium and magnesium ions increases.

It has secondary effects due to the release of intrarenal mediators and redistribution of intrarenal blood flow. During the course of treatment, the effect does not weaken.

In heart failure, it quickly leads to a decrease in preload on the heart by dilating large veins. It has a hypotensive effect due to an increase in the excretion of sodium chloride and a decrease in the response of vascular smooth muscles to vasoconstrictor effects and as a result of a decrease in blood volume. The effect of furosemide after intravenous administration occurs within 5-10 minutes; after oral administration - after 30-60 minutes, maximum effect - after 1-2 hours, duration of effect - 2-3 hours (with reduced kidney function - up to 8 hours). During the period of action, the excretion of sodium ions increases significantly, but after its cessation, the rate of excretion decreases below the initial level (rebound or withdrawal syndrome). The phenomenon is caused by a sharp activation of renin-angiotensin and other antinatriuretic neurohumoral regulation units in response to massive diuresis; stimulates the arginine-vasopressive and sympathetic systems. Reduces the level of atrial natriuretic factor in plasma, causing vasoconstriction.

Due to the “ricochet” phenomenon, when taken once a day, it may not have a significant effect on the daily excretion of sodium ions and blood pressure. When administered intravenously, it causes dilatation of peripheral veins, reduces preload, reduces left ventricular filling pressure and pulmonary artery pressure, as well as systemic blood pressure.

The diuretic effect develops 3-4 minutes after IV administration and lasts 1-2 hours; after oral administration - after 20-30 minutes, lasts up to 4 hours.

PHARMACOKINETICS

After oral administration, absorption is 60-70%. In severe kidney disease or chronic heart failure, the degree of absorption decreases.

Vd is 0.1 l/kg. Binding to plasma proteins (mainly albumin) is 95-99%. Metabolized in the liver. Excreted by the kidneys - 88%, with bile - 12%. T1/2 in patients with normal renal and liver function is 0.5-1.5 hours. With anuria, T1/2 can increase to 1.5-2.5 hours, with combined renal and liver failure - up to 11-20 hours.

INDICATIONS

Edema syndrome of various origins, incl. for chronic heart failure stage II-III, liver cirrhosis (portal hypertension syndrome), nephrotic syndrome. Pulmonary edema, cardiac asthma, cerebral edema, eclampsia, forced diuresis, severe arterial hypertension, some forms of hypertensive crisis, hypercalcemia.

DOSING REGIME

They are set individually, depending on the indications, clinical situation, and age of the patient. During treatment, the dosage regimen is adjusted depending on the magnitude of the diuretic response and the dynamics of the patient's condition.

When taken orally, the initial dose for adults is 20-80 mg/day, then, if necessary, the dose is gradually increased to 600 mg/day. For children, a single dose is 1-2 mg/kg.

Maximum dose: when taken orally for children - 6 mg/kg.

With intravenous (jet) or intramuscular administration, the dose for adults is 20-40 mg 1 time/day, in some cases - 2 times/day. For children, the initial daily dose for parenteral use is 1 mg/kg.

SIDE EFFECT

From the cardiovascular system: decreased blood pressure, orthostatic hypotension, collapse, tachycardia, arrhythmias, decreased blood volume.

From the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, headache, myasthenia gravis, calf muscle cramps (tetany), paresthesia, apathy, adynamia, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion.

From the senses: visual and hearing impairments.

From the digestive system: decreased appetite, dry mouth, thirst, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, cholestatic jaundice, pancreatitis (exacerbation).

From the genitourinary system: oliguria, acute urinary retention (in patients with prostatic hypertrophy), interstitial nephritis, hematuria, decreased potency.

From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia.

From the side of water-electrolyte metabolism: hypovolemia, dehydration (risk of thrombosis and thromboembolism), hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis.

From the side of metabolism: hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis (as a consequence of these disorders - arterial hypotension, dizziness, dry mouth, thirst, arrhythmia, muscle weakness, cramps), hyperuricemia (with possible exacerbation of gout), hyperglycemia.

Allergic reactions: purpura, urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, exudative erythema multiforme, vasculitis, necrotizing angiitis, pruritus, chills, fever, photosensitivity, anaphylactic shock.

Others: with intravenous administration (optional) - thrombophlebitis, kidney calcification in premature infants.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Acute glomerulonephritis, urethral stenosis, stone obstruction of the urinary tract, acute renal failure with anuria, hypokalemia, alkalosis, precomatous states, severe liver failure, hepatic coma and precoma, diabetic coma, precomatous states, hyperglycemic coma, hyperuricemia, gout, decompensated mitral or aortic stenosis, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, increased central venous pressure (more than 10 mm Hg), arterial hypotension, acute myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, impaired water and electrolyte metabolism (hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia), digitalis intoxication, hypersensitivity to furosemide.

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION

During pregnancy, the use of furosemide is possible only for a short time and only when the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

Since furosemide can be excreted in breast milk and also suppress lactation, if use during lactation is necessary, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Use with caution in prostatic hyperplasia, SLE, hypoproteinemia (risk of developing ototoxicity), diabetes mellitus (decreased glucose tolerance), with stenotic atherosclerosis of the cerebral arteries, against the background of long-term therapy with cardiac glycosides, in elderly patients with severe atherosclerosis, pregnancy (especially first half), lactation period.

Before starting treatment, electrolyte disturbances should be compensated. During treatment with furosemide, it is necessary to monitor blood pressure, levels of electrolytes and glucose in the blood serum, liver and kidney function.

To prevent hypokalemia, it is advisable to combine furosemide with potassium-sparing diuretics. With the simultaneous use of furosemide and hypoglycemic drugs, dose adjustment of the latter may be required.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery

When using furosemide, the possibility of a decrease in the ability to concentrate cannot be ruled out, which is important for people driving vehicles and working with machinery.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

When used simultaneously with aminoglycoside antibiotics (including gentamicin, tobramycin), nephro- and ototoxic effects may be enhanced.

Furosemide reduces the clearance of gentamicin and increases plasma concentrations of gentamicin and tobramycin.

When used simultaneously with cephalosporin antibiotics, which can cause renal dysfunction, there is a risk of increased nephrotoxicity.

When used simultaneously with beta-agonists (including fenoterol, terbutaline, salbutamol) and corticosteroids, hypokalemia may increase.

When used simultaneously with hypoglycemic agents and insulin, the effectiveness of hypoglycemic agents and insulin may decrease, because furosemide has the ability to increase plasma glucose levels.

When used simultaneously with ACE inhibitors, the antihypertensive effect is enhanced. Severe arterial hypotension is possible, especially after taking the first dose of furosemide, apparently due to hypovolemia, which leads to a transient increase in the hypotensive effect of ACE inhibitors. The risk of renal dysfunction increases and the development of hypokalemia cannot be excluded.

When used simultaneously with furosemide, the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are enhanced.

When used simultaneously with indomethacin and other NSAIDs, the diuretic effect may be reduced, apparently due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the kidneys and sodium retention in the body under the influence of indomethacin, which is a nonspecific COX inhibitor; decrease in antihypertensive effect.

It is believed that furosemide interacts with other NSAIDs in a similar way.

When used simultaneously with NSAIDs, which are selective COX-2 inhibitors, this interaction is much less pronounced or practically absent.

When used simultaneously with astemizole, the risk of developing arrhythmia increases.

When used simultaneously with vancomycin, oto- and nephrotoxicity may increase.

When used simultaneously with digoxin and digitoxin, an increase in the toxicity of cardiac glycosides is possible, associated with the risk of developing hypokalemia while taking furosemide.

There are reports of the development of hyponatremia when used simultaneously with carbamazepine.

When used simultaneously with cholestyramine and colestipol, the absorption and diuretic effect of furosemide decreases.

When used simultaneously with lithium carbonate, the effects of lithium may be enhanced due to an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma.

When used simultaneously with probenecid, the renal clearance of furosemide decreases.

When used simultaneously with sotalol, hypokalemia and the development of ventricular arrhythmia of the “pirouette” type are possible.

When used simultaneously with theophylline, a change in the concentration of theophylline in the blood plasma is possible.

When used simultaneously with phenytoin, the diuretic effect of furosemide is significantly reduced.

After intravenous administration of furosemide during therapy with chloral hydrate, increased sweating, a feeling of heat, instability of blood pressure, and tachycardia are possible.

When used simultaneously with cisapride, hypokalemia may increase.

It is assumed that furosemide may reduce the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine.

When used simultaneously with cisplatin, the ototoxic effect may be enhanced.

Composition and release form of the drug

In fact, in almost every pharmacy you can easily purchase the drug Furosemide. In this case, a doctor’s prescription for the tablets is not needed, although some pharmacies have sales restrictions.

Basic pharmacological properties

The drug "Furosemide": what is it taken for? Indications for therapy

Medicine "Furosemide": instructions

Are there any contraindications?

Main side effects

Interaction with other drugs

Overdose and its consequences

Today, many patients are faced with the need to take the drug Furosemide. Indications for its use are swelling and fluid stagnation, which, unfortunately, some encounter very often. Unfortunately, too large doses of this drug can lead to dangerous consequences, in particular, hypovolemia, a condition that is accompanied by a decrease in circulating blood volume. Against the background of such a disorder, a sharp decrease in blood pressure, as well as orthostatic collapse, is possible. After an overdose, the patient must be taken to the hospital immediately. First of all, he needs to be given an electrolyte solution in order to restore blood volume. If necessary, further symptomatic therapy is carried out.

How much does the medicine cost?

Analogues of the drug

The drug that affects kidney function is Furosemide. What is it prescribed for and how is it used? This medicine belongs to the group of diuretics. It removes substances such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium from the human body well and lowers blood pressure. The active component of the drug promotes excretion and has a hypotensive effect on the patient.

Action of the drug and release form

The effect of using the medication occurs very quickly and lasts a short period of time. When the drug is administered intravenously, the therapeutic effect occurs within 5-10 minutes. If you use the drug in tablet form, its effect begins in about an hour, and the maximum effect is observed after 1.5-2 hours. Today, Furosemide can be produced in three forms: tablets (40 mg), injection solution (2 ml), granules for preparing a solution that is taken orally.

"Furosemide": what is it prescribed for?

This drug is prescribed to patients for therapy that may occur with:

chronic and renal failure;
acute heart failure;
arterial hypertension;
cerebral edema;
burns;
hypertensive crisis.

The medication should be used only as prescribed by the attending physician to avoid possible complications.

Use of the drug "Furosemide"

It is recommended to take in the morning before breakfast. Adults are usually prescribed a dosage of 40 mg once daily. The doctor may increase the amount of the drug to 160 mg if necessary. If the swelling decreases, then the dose of the medicine is reduced with a break of several days. The maximum allowable amount of the drug per day is 1500 mg. How to take Furosemide for children: the dose of the medication should be 3 mg per 1 kg of the child’s weight, this amount can be taken in several doses. But at the same time, the maximum daily amount of medication for a child should not exceed 40 mg. After swelling has reduced, the drug can be taken only a few times a week. More details about how to take Furosemide can be found in the instructions, as well as from your doctor.

Contraindications and side effects

People with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug are not recommended to take Furosemide. We have already figured out what this drug is prescribed for, let’s see who should not take this medication. It is prohibited for people with kidney and liver failure, urinary tract obstruction, anuria, and diabetes. These are not all contraindications to the use of the drug Furosemide. It is not prescribed to children under three years of age. Also, the medicine should not be taken for pancreatitis or severe hypotension. Side effects, of which there are many, include itching, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, thirst, depression, and hyperglycemia. The medicine should not be used for treatment in the first half of pregnancy.

Helpful information

This article is not an instruction for the use of the drug Furosemide. For what it is prescribed and how it is used, you can find out in more detail from the instructions for the drug or by consulting with your doctor. It should be noted that in no case should you take this drug on your own - this can lead to an overdose and worsening the patient’s condition. When using the drug, the level of urea, electrolytes and carbonates should be monitored.