Frequent goose bumps. Why do women get goosebumps all over their bodies? Why do I get goosebumps?

Many people have at least once experienced the sensation of goosebumps running across their scalp. As a rule, this sensation is one-time in nature and appears for a very short time. But in some cases it becomes a regular occurrence, which may indicate the development of some serious illnesses. You can avoid health problems if you know the reasons why you get goose bumps. Among them there are both completely harmless and quite dangerous.

Description of the phenomenon

Goosebumps appear when nerve endings in the spinal cord or brain are irritated. The reason is the stimulation of individual nerves, which has such an effect on their endings. Irritation causes muscle contraction, sensational It was as if the hair on my head had risen, and tiny bugs began to run across my skin. This phenomenon can affect not only the head, but also any other part of the body where there is at least a little hair.

Goosebumps can be one-time (temporary). In this case, they appear quite natural reasons at healthy person. Sometimes they can be combined with convulsions, loss of sensitivity, dizziness, but no medical intervention or taking medications will not be required. Goosebumps appear for the following reasons:

Emotional arousal (joy, surprise, fear);
Touching sensitive skin;
Low air temperature, hypothermia;
High body temperature;
Poor health (weakness, fatigue, headache).

When such sensations appear under the conditions listed above, there is no need to worry. After some time, the goosebumps will disappear on their own, and unpleasant feelings there won't be a trace left.

Sometimes goosebumps may appear when sexual arousal. Humans experience this much less frequently than most living beings.

Causes associated with pathologies

Goose bumps on the head can be chronic. They are caused by the development of various diseases and are almost always combined with other more serious symptoms. The frequency and regularity of manifestations depend on what particular pathology caused them. At the most dangerous diseases convulsions, tingling and numbness of the skin appear in damaged areas, sensitivity is lost, and temperature regime, hair falls out.

What diseases can cause goosebumps:

Osteochondrosis cervical spine spine. Curvature, combined with constant compression of nerve endings, is one of the most common causes of goosebumps. The patient may also feel slight numbness, dizziness, pain in the neck, head and torso, and tingling. If left untreated, symptoms will accompany the person throughout his life.
Cardiovascular diseases. Most diseases associated with the heart or blood vessels cause many unpleasant symptoms. Patients may have a numb head, they often feel crawling, pain inside the skull, weakness, nausea, their skin becomes paler, their mood and general well-being worsen. Sometimes symptoms can affect the head only on one side, and also “give” to certain parts of the face and arms.
Micro stroke. If a micro-stroke occurs, the patient’s brain cell nutrition will be disrupted. At the same time severe symptoms, inherent in a normal stroke, will be absent. Everything is limited to the goosebumps that appear on short term, painful sensations inside the head, weakness, and dizziness. A microstroke is also called a transient ischemic attack.
Hypoparathyroidism. The disease is combined with functional disorders parathyroid glands, because of which goosebumps begin to run on the scalp, very strong nervous excitability appears, and also the limbs go numb. If left untreated, complications may develop that cause increased symptoms.
. Vascular damage that occurs with this disease can cause chronic goosebumps, pale skin, memory loss, and the formation of small ulcers. There are frequent cases of complications of the disease in the form of acute vascular insufficiency brain, which can be fatal.
Neuropathy cervical plexus. A pinched nerve often occurs against the background of severe curvature of the spine, but this is not prerequisite for such a phenomenon. If this happens, the person will feel like they have goosebumps on their head and will also experience severe pain, radiating to the back of the head, neck, shoulders and bone behind the ear.
Neuropathy of the large occipital nerve. With this disease, damage occurs to the nerve in the back of the head. The patient's skin will become numb and the sensitivity at the back of the head will decrease. Sometimes he may feel tingling individual plots skulls
Bell's palsy. This name refers to inflammation facial nerve, in which goosebumps begin to run on one side of the face, affecting top part heads. Along with this sensation, weakening of the muscles in certain parts of the face may occur. In some cases, the muscles stop working completely, which requires serious medical supervision.
Avitaminosis. A lack of vitamins leads to a deterioration in the health of the skin, due to which it begins to peel, crack, and a person experiences a burning sensation, itching, is faced with decreased immunity, pain in the back and head, weakness throughout the body, bad mood.
Hypoxic conditions. Lack of oxygen occurs when you spend a long time in a stuffy room, as well as when there are disorders in the brain. In both cases, the person will have a crawling sensation in the head, as well as severe pain affecting one temple, the back of the head, the forehead, or one side of the brain. Often mild cause Hypoxia causes vegetative-vascular disorders, as well as a sympatho-adrenaline crisis against the background, which causes vasoconstriction, causing a full range of unpleasant symptoms.
Nervous and mental disorders. For various deviations in mental state a person may feel as if bugs were crawling on his head, dizziness, weakness, headaches, and discomfort in the stomach. Also, as a rule, there are also psychological symptoms, expressed increased nervousness, moral instability, bad mood, lack of interest in life, excessive aggression in relation to others. All this can appear even with regular overwork or stress.
Cold. ARVI, acute respiratory infections or influenza are always combined with weakness, runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, high temperature bodies. Some people experience crawling sensations all over their head. Sometimes complications develop, for example, sinusitis. It causes the same goosebumps, as well as severe pain in the forehead, bridge of the nose and temples, which intensifies when turning the head. A person in this condition should definitely call an ambulance.
Climax. During menopause, women face vascular disorders accompanied by unstable blood pressure. For this reason, they may experience crawling sensations, a headache, numbness in their limbs, and symptoms of convulsive syndrome. In some cases, menopause is accompanied by digestive problems, which cause constipation, bloating, colic, vomiting, heartburn, belching, and increased gas formation.

The regular occurrence of goosebumps, combined with other serious symptoms, requires medical examination. This is the only way to be sure of the presence or absence of any diseases. If the symptoms seem particularly dangerous, you should call immediately ambulance to eliminate all possible risks.

Visiting a doctor

With occasional goosebumps, there is no reason to worry. However, if you suspect the development of other diseases, you should still think about visiting a doctor. Therefore, you need to know what exactly may indicate serious illnesses. But no less important is the diagnosis itself, which includes several procedures.

When to visit a doctor

Many people choose to turn a blind eye to minor sensations, which is why they face serious complications. It is very important to promptly notice changes in your body and go to the hospital. You should go to the doctor under the following conditions:

Symptoms are episodic and last for more than an hour.
Pain in the head, dizziness, and increased blood pressure appear.
During an attack, problems with vision, speech or hearing occur.
It becomes difficult to turn your head.
The skin changes with each attack.

Even one point is enough to make an appointment now. It is better to get examined and make sure there are no diseases than to risk your health.

Adults should be very attentive to their children. If your child complains of a crawling sensation in his head, you need to take him to the doctor. This is especially true in cases where the child’s behavior has changed dramatically.

The first doctor a patient visits should be a neurologist. It is he who will appoint everything necessary examinations, and will also refer you to other specialists if necessary.

What procedures will you need to go through:

General blood and urine analysis;
Biochemical blood test;
X-ray of the cervical spine;
CT, brain;
ENMG;
ECG, ECHO ECG;
Ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound.

After all the tests have been completed, the doctor will diagnose final diagnosis and write it out necessary treatment. In some cases it may be necessary constant surveillance for the patient, for which he will be admitted to the hospital.

Treatment

Treatment options depend on what is causing the problem. If the doctor has made a diagnosis, then you should take a course of the medications that he prescribes. Only getting rid of the root cause will allow you to forget about it forever. unpleasant symptoms. The treatment itself includes two methods of influencing the body: medicinal and folk. They can be used simultaneously if there are no contraindications.

Drug treatment

Only the attending physician can prescribe medications. It is highly not recommended to purchase and take medications on your own, because... This can cause irreparable harm to your health.

A doctor may prescribe the following types drugs:

Sedatives (Glycine, Motherwort, Valerian). Calms the nervous system.
Antihypoxants (Mexidol, Preductal). Reduce the risk of developing hypoxia.
Vasodilators (Cavinton, Nicergoline). Improves blood circulation.
Angioprotectors (Ginkgo-Biloba, Ascorutin). Tones the veins and blood vessels in the head.
Preparations with vitamin B (Thiamin, Pyridoxine). Improves the quality of nerve tissue.

You can only take mild sedatives (Valerian, Glycine) and painkillers (Nurofen, Paracetamol) on your own. However, it is important to consider the dosage and also try to see a doctor as soon as possible.

You can also be treated non-drug means. Some patients are prescribed massage, magnetotherapy, peloid therapy, therapeutic exercises, exposure to electric current. Also, to increase efficiency, you may need to adhere to a daily routine, quality sleep and a light diet.

Each of us is familiar with sudden appearance sensation of goosebumps crawling on the skin, which is accompanied by slight tingling sensation and temporary loss of sensation. It usually occurs while listening to pleasant music, in the cold, as a result of fright or fear, after being in uncomfortable position during work or sleep, and after a change in position or light massage disappears completely. In such cases, these sensations are normal and you don’t have to worry about their occurrence. But sometimes goosebumps appear frequently, without visible reasons and does not go away after a few minutes. In such cases, you should think about possible development various diseases that may be accompanied by such a symptom, and pass comprehensive examination to find out the reasons for its appearance.

The sensation of running or crawling goose bumps is also called “goose bumps”, because small pimples actually appear on the surface of the skin, reminiscent of goose skin. Doctors use the term “paresthesia” to refer to this symptom. This type of sensory impairment can be:

passing (benign) – caused physiological reasons(For example, prolonged compression limbs, fear, unpleasant sound, etc.);
chronic (pathological) – caused by lesions various systems organism and is a symptom of a disease (for example, varicose veins, etc.).

In this article we will introduce you to the causes of transient and chronic paresthesia. This knowledge will be useful for you, and, if necessary, you will be able to take timely measures to identify a particular pathology that may be accompanied by this symptom.

Why does transient paresthesia occur?

In animals, raised fur gives them a menacing appearance and helps keep them warm in winter.

In humans, the sensation of goose bumps appears as a result of the rudimentary pilomotor reflex, which is inherent in many mammals. It occurs when special nerves are stimulated that come from spinal cord. As a result, peripheral nerves are excited, which causes contraction of the smooth muscles surrounding the hair follicles. In response to this, contracted muscle fibers lift the hair above the surface of the skin. This phenomenon is called piloerection.

For humans, this reaction has lost its practical meaning, but in animals (for example, chimpanzees, dogs, porcupines, etc.), hair raised above the surface of the skin performs various functions. When reacting to fear, piloerection allows animals to have a more impressive and threatening appearance, and during cold weather it accumulates under raised hairs. more warm air that protects the animal from bad weather.

In humans, the pilomotor reflex, leading to the appearance of transient paresthesia, can be caused by the following factors:

cold;
heat;
fear or other negative emotions, feelings and memories;
sexual arousal;
listening to pleasant music;
a feeling of satisfaction with something;
unpleasant sounds;
circulatory disorders due to uncomfortable posture.

This type of goosebumps is always caused by certain reasons, is not accompanied by painful sensations and goes away on its own after a short period of time.

Transient paresthesia is normal and should not cause concern about your health.

Why does chronic paresthesia occur?

Chronic paresthesia is always a sign of pathologies that are accompanied by damage to peripheral nerves. There are many reasons for their appearance:

(usually due to a lack of vitamins B1, D, and C);
decreased blood levels and/or magnesium;
decreased blood glucose levels;
injuries;
(for example, when);
alcoholism;
injuries;
osteochondrosis;
herniated discs;
spinal cord tumors;
carpal tunnel syndrome;
atherosclerosis;
syndrome restless legs;
neurasthenia;
depressive disorders;
hypoparathyroidism;
varicose veins;
obliterating endarteritis;
neuralgia;
myositis;
Bell's palsy;
follicular hyperkeratosis;
inflammation of the gums;
long-term use of certain medications (Methaqualone, Ofloxacin, Isoniazid, Cycloserine, Prothionamide, antihypertensive and antiepileptic drugs);
etc.

All of the above reasons lead to the appearance of pathological paresthesias, which occur for no apparent reason, are longer lasting and are accompanied by unpleasant or painful sensations. Their appearance should always be a reason to contact a local physician, who can analyze the patient’s condition and refer him to to a specialist(for example, to an endocrinologist, neurologist, phlebologist, etc.).

Sometimes pathological paresthesias occur when exposed to filling material into the tooth canal or after tooth extraction (especially often after the removal of a wisdom tooth). In such cases, crawling sensations and numbness are observed in the area of the lips, tongue and chin. Sometimes these symptoms disappear after a few days, but in most cases they can last for 2-3 months and require treatment (in some cases even surgery).

In what cases is treatment prescribed for paresthesia?

Glycine is a mild sedative

For one-time occurrences of goose bumps that were caused by psycho-emotional state or an uncomfortable position, you can not pay attention to their appearance, since it is caused by physiological reasons, is characteristic of absolutely all people and does not indicate pathology. Sensitive people may be advised to take light sedatives(for example, Glycine or) and maintaining calm in the current situation. And if paresthesias associated with poor circulation, caused by an uncomfortable posture, appear, it is recommended to abandon them (for example, purchase a comfortable pillow for sleeping or a chair for work, do not sit in the cross-legged position, etc.).

When pathological paresthesias appear, the main goal of treatment will be aimed at eliminating the pathology that provoked their development. To identify it, the patient may be prescribed the following types of diagnostic tests:

radiography of the spinal column;
Doppler examination of the vessels of the neck and head;
rheovasography;
MRI of the spinal cord and/or brain;
electroneuromyography;
laboratory tests etc.

Tactics further treatment will depend on the cause that caused the appearance of chronic paresthesia. If diagnostic studies did not allow a definite diagnosis to be established, then to eliminate the annoying sensations of goose bumps the following may be prescribed:

medications: B vitamins, Nicotinic acid, Piracetam, Trental, Actovegin;
physiotherapeutic procedures: dynamic currents, magnetic therapy, electrophoresis, mud therapy, balneotherapy and massage.

The appearance of goosebumps on the skin may be normal or indicate the development of various pathologies. Listen carefully to your body, and if you experience frequent and unexplained paresthesias, consult a doctor.

You've probably felt goosebumps and tingling in your muscles when you sat cross-legged for a long time. This is a very common phenomenon and there is nothing to worry about

Goosebumps and tingling: what can they mean?

You've probably felt goosebumps and tingling in your muscles when you sat cross-legged for a long time. This is a very common phenomenon and there is nothing to worry about.

However, if you constantly feel goosebumps in your arms and legs, you need to pay attention to your health.

The most common reasons for this phenomenon:

Pinched nerve in the neck or back

Sleeping in an awkward position or getting injured while playing sports can lead to pinched nerve in the back. Although this is not a serious problem, it can cause tingling in the arms and legs. You may experience pain in certain positions or feel stiffness in your shoulders.

It is very important to treat this ailment in time, because in the future it can lead to arthritis.

It is important not to try to solve the problem yourself. There are specific medicines that will help cope with pain. Works even better physical therapy, which helps relax the problem area and return the nerve to its place.

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Goosebumps in both arms and legs may be due to a lack of vitamin B12 in the body. Its deficiency causes anemia, because red blood cells do not have time to form in sufficient quantities.

They canbe the following symptoms:

Fatigue;
Pale skin;
Inability to concentrate;
Breathing problems;
Depression;

Make adjustments to your diet by increasing the amount of foods rich in vitamin B12 in your diet:

Poultry meat
Beef
Seafood
Yogurt
Eggs
Dairy products
Mutton
Liver
Tuna
Trout

The lack of this vitamin is most often felt by vegetarians who adhere to too radical a diet.

If you stick vegetarian diet, include the following foods in your diet:

Cereal products (including cereal bars);
Tofu cheese;
Soy and its derivatives;
Lactose powder.

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Do you spend a lot of time with your smartphone in your hands or at the computer? Repetitive movements and vibrations can cause compression of the nerve in the wrist, called carpal tunnel syndrome and goosebumps in my hands.

What you can do:

Give your hands a rest every 30 minutes or every hour. During a break, rotate your hands, clench and unclench your fingers;
If possible, do some shoulder stretches to completely relax your arms;
Make sure you are seated in correct position. Use a table of the correct height - neither too low nor too high, and a comfortable chair.

Diabetes

If you have diabetes, prediabetes, or insulin resistance, monitor your blood glucose levels. The point is that Excess blood glucose is toxic to nervous system and causes goosebumps in the arms and legs.

This toxicity also occurs in diabetic neuropathy.

From time to time, conduct an A1C (glycolysed hemoglobin) examination, which will indicate the actual level of glucose in the blood over the last 3 months;
Monitor your diet and condition to avoid sharp jumps blood glucose levels;
Do physical exercises that strengthen your muscles.

Hypothyroidism

In case of malfunction thyroid gland you may feel tingling in your muscles, extreme fatigue, sensitivity to cold, weight gain, dry skin and hair loss.

If these symptoms are present, consult a doctor and get your blood tested as soon as possible, since without appropriate treatment the problem will only get worse.

Multiple sclerosis

Sclerosis affects women more often than men, especially between the ages of 20 and 40.

Most often it is accompanied the following symptoms(besides the goosebumps in my arms and legs):

Balance disorders;
Numbness of the limbs;
Impaired mobility of arms and legs;
Visual impairment;
Itching and burning;
Difficulty concentrating.

If tingling in the arms and legs is due to multiple sclerosis, you should immediately consult a doctor. Goosebumps are due to the fact that the functioning of some organs is disrupted.published

Why do goosebumps appear? Anyone is familiar with the unexpected sensation of goose bumps. This feeling occurs along with tingling and loss of sensation. Goosebumps almost occur when listening to your favorite music, in cool weather, accompany a feeling of fear or danger, when staying in an uncomfortable position for a long time.
After a little massage and changing the way you sit or lie, the goosebumps quickly go away. In such cases, this is a manifestation of human physiology and there is nothing to worry about. But, there is another type of goosebumps that is worth thinking about. Firstly, one should be wary of the duration and groundlessness of their appearance.

This sign can serve as a symptom of a disease. In general, the feeling of running or crawling is popularly called “goose”. The name stuck because when the skin gets goosebumps, it becomes covered with “pimples”, like goose bumps. In medical terminology, goose bumps are designated by the word “paresthesia”, and are divided into:

Passing — have a physiological basis (long uncomfortable body position, fear, cold, music...)
Chronic - are a consequence of a malfunction of the human body systems, a symptom of diseases (diabetes, atherosclerosis, varicose veins vessels).

The Latin name for goose bumps is cutisanseriha. The pilomotor reflex is the main reason for changes in the skin. The hair follicle muscles on the skin contract in response to a nerve impulse.

Any cell human body united with the nervous system, more precisely with the ancient part that is uncontrollable by us and the younger cortex of the brain. This young cortex gives impulses (commands) from our consciousness. The nerve impulse passes from consciousness to the periphery with the help of nerve fibers that are located throughout our body. IN in good condition they instantly deliver a command—a message from the brain to the limbs. However, if there is pressure on the nerve endings from the outside, or they are damaged internally. At the moment of such manifestation, a feeling arises that skin goosebumps run through.

Those people who have pets probably know how, when showing aggression, a cat or dog bristles. It should be noted that in the process of evolution, man has practically lost such a reaction to danger. And now, people get goosebumps during an emotional outburst, or in uncomfortable conditions.

Adrenaline or cockroaches

Studying the hormone adrenaline will also help us get an answer to our question. Usually very emotional people when the hormone is released into the body, this release is certainly accompanied by goosebumps.

Along with goosebumps "hair stands on end" mainly on the arms and legs, there is also a feeling of coldness between the shoulder blades and a feeling of lack of air - this is all adrenaline. When it is released into the bloodstream, a reflex mechanism is activated, hence "hair standing up". Adrenaline - a hormone that causes goosebumps to appear treacherously throughout the body, when jumping from a parachute, for example, or watching chilling horror. There is no need to worry about such goosebumps; they mean that everything is fine with the body and its hormone production systems.

A “tickling” tingling sensation, as if hordes are running around in a certain area, is without any doubt known to the vast majority of people. This feeling occurs when the nerve endings of the arms or legs are compressed. This feeling is very intrusive and does not go away immediately. When feeling "running insects" You should massage this place and everything will go away.

Vitamin deficiency

Understand the causes of the problem of goosebumps that arise suddenly at night. Such “goose bumps” or emotional impact have nothing to do with it. It is accompanied by loss of sensation in the limbs, headache, or chills. These are undoubtedly signs of serious heart disease, or hormonal system person.

Along with this, goosebumps may indicate a lack of vitamins and useful microelements in the body. Lack of vitamin C leads to deterioration of skin condition. Ascorbic acid, is involved in the synthesis of collagen, which, in turn, provides elasticity to both nerve fibers and skin. If there is a deficiency of collagen in the body, the skin becomes dry, becomes covered with peeling, wrinkles and turns into “goose bumps”. In this case, you should take a course of vitamins and pay attention to your lifestyle. More movement, gymnastics did not bring harm to anyone.

Varicose veins

A doctor will help you figure out the reason for the appearance of goosebumps; sometimes “goose bumps” are a harbinger of the disease “Varicose veins”. In particular, the initial stage of the disease is accompanied by numbness of the legs and goosebumps. Many people are mistaken in believing that varicose veins are a disease of old age. However, the existing way of life modern man, contributes to the development of the disease. The consequence of physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and other very negative factors today, there may be a long-lasting sensation of goose bumps.

Restless feet

In some individual cases, obsessive goosebumps can trigger the syndrome "restless legs". The main symptom of this syndrome is constantly moving legs. The lower limbs of a person are constantly moving, because they are haunted by running goosebumps, a slight tingling sensation, and a burning sensation. Root causes similar condition there can be a lot: this includes excessive coffee consumption, up to insufficient functioning of the heart and liver.

To summarize, we can say that goosebumps are a kind of signal about the state of the human body. The appearance of goosebumps indicates that a person can still fix something and help his body.

Every cell of the human body has a connection with the nervous system - the ancient part of it, which we do not control, and the young cortex, which issues commands from consciousness. The message is carried out using nerve fibers, and they can exist normally if they are not under pressure from the outside and are not damaged from the inside. When such a situation does arise, it manifests itself as a sensation as if goosebumps are running down the skin. Then this symptom is not associated with the experience of any emotions and does not go away after switching to another thought.

What could this or that localization of these discomfort, and how long the “goosebumps” lasts, what does it mean? Let’s look at it in more detail.

Types and mechanism of “goosebumps”

The sensation of tingling and crawling is medically called “paresthesia.” They appear in response to irritation of nerve endings, the brain or spinal cord. The nature of this phenomenon is as follows: several different unrelated signals enter the sensitive nerve ending at once, layering on top of each other. As a result, the nerve does not know how to react correctly to this variety, and “turns on” numbness, burning, “pins and needles” or tingling.

Paresthesia is usually felt below the irritated area of the nerve. They may be accompanied by “goose bumps” - “pimples” in the area of hair growth, which is an analogue of the puffiness of fur or quills in animals.

Paresthesias can be:

temporary, occurring when sitting in an uncomfortable position, freezing, sexual arousal, a feeling of euphoria from listening to music, or when negative emotions. They are usually described as "pins and needles" and go away when the action stops. irritating factor. Not accompanied by cramps, pain or sensory disturbances;
chronic, recurring. They are signs of the disease, and can be accompanied by two types of symptoms:
- indicating damage to the nerve fiber. These are: numbness in the limbs or only in the fingers, tingling sensation, goosebumps. Sometimes local twitching (convulsions) develops here;
- indicating damage to those nerves that are connected to the vessels of this area. This is evidenced by: pale skin, worsening temperature and pain sensitivity, its cool temperature, .

Transient (temporary) paresthesia is a variant of the norm and does not require medical intervention. If “goosebumps” run without any visible effect on the skin, you definitely need to look for their cause and eliminate it.

What diseases provoke paresthesia?

The causes of goosebumps are varied. Let's list them first:

damage to nerve fibers various localizations– neuropathy;
high ;
disruption of the nutrition of nerve fibers due to poisoning, including chronic alcohol intoxication– polyneuropathy;
low blood levels of calcium or magnesium;
nerve fiber injury;
damage to nerve fibers by antibodies;
varicose veins;
atherosclerosis of arterial vessels;
insufficient intake of vitamins B1, 6, C;
arthritis;
restless legs syndrome;
nerve fiber tumors;
tumor in the area parietal lobe brain;
insufficiency of parathyroid gland function – hypoparathyroidism;
obliterating endarteritis;
taking certain medications;
follicular hyperkeratosis;
entry of the filling mass into the canal of a tooth with a living nerve;
damage to the nerve ending.

If they call it “goosebumps” external manifestation- “goose bumps”, without any other symptoms, this pathology is called follicular hyperkeratosis.

Here, due to malnutrition or constant irritation, the skin thickens excessively. top layer skin, and the mouth becomes inflamed hair follicles. Dermatocosmetologists treat pathology with various local and systemic means.

Goosebumps on the body, arms and legs

This symptom is accompanied by many diseases. Let's consider the main ones in more detail.

Hypovitaminosis B1

Vitamin B1 is needed for normal operation nervous system. It is involved in the production of acetylcholine, a substance that allows nerve impulse get on the muscle, intestines, sweat gland, heart - and give him your command. Its insufficient intake from food or acceleration of its breakdown leads to:

feeling of pins and needles on the legs and arms;
irritability;
headache;
memory impairment;
increased heart rate;
pain in the heart;
swelling;
shortness of breath;
sometimes even paralysis and cardiovascular failure.

Such symptoms require prompt diagnosis and treatment: administration of synthetic vitamin thiamine and diet correction.

Hypoparathyroidism

This is a reduced function of the parathyroid glands, in which the level of calcium in the blood decreases. It manifests itself not only as goose bumps in the limbs, but also:

painful contractions of the muscles of the limbs, body and face: the hand is brought to the body, it “bends” at the wrist and elbow joints, the corners of the mouth drop, the eyelids drop halfway, the body arches back;
swallowing is paroxysmally impaired;
arises stabbing pain in the stomach;
there may be vomiting, diarrhea;
fainting occurs;
twilight vision is impaired;
“blocks” the ears;
there are pains and interruptions in the heart;
hair becomes thinner, the number of hair shafts falling out increases;
the skin is peeling;
a large number of teeth are affected by caries;
nails become dull;
at long absence therapy is developing.

Decreased calcium levels

Here the same symptoms develop as with hypoparathyroidism, but they are not as pronounced and occur more easily. Often, the pathology is manifested only by painful spasms of the muscles of the limbs and face, which immediately follow goosebumps, increased heart rate, trembling and recurrent vomiting. With an extremely low level of this electrolyte in the blood, difficulty breathing may develop until it stops, and painful arching of the entire body.

Low blood magnesium levels

This condition manifests itself:

weakness;
lack of appetite;
nausea, vomiting;
trembling of the body or individual muscles;
Convulsions may occur in which the entire body contracts or arches. This is most common in children.

Taking medications

The appearance of goosebumps can be caused by taking drugs such as: Ofloxacin, Protionamide, Isonazid, Cycloserine, drugs against epilepsy and blood pressure lowering drugs.

Arrhythmias

In the case of the development of attack-like (paroxysmal) rhythm disturbances, a person may notice:

“goosebumps” running over the body;
chills at normal body temperature.

This state lasts from ten minutes or more; most often develops at night.

Brain stroke

Paralysis or partial immobility of the limbs on one side may be preceded by a feeling of numbness and crawling, sometimes on the opposite side. There is also a headache, there may be short- or long-term loss of consciousness, there are focal symptoms: facial asymmetry, different widths of palpebral fissures, inability to speak or understand speech.

Damage to the parietal lobe of the brain

A tumor or encephalitis that develops in the lobe responsible for sensitivity is accompanied by other symptoms: the inability to perform complex actions, failure to recognize objects if you close your eyes and feel them with your hands, loss of the ability to write. There may also be loss of half of the visual field and loss of awareness of one's own body diagram.

Guillain-Barre syndrome

This condition occurs after undergoing viral infection(mainly colds and herpes), or intestinal, caused by the Campylobacter bacterium or enteroviruses.

Here, in the period from 5 to 21 days after past illness Antibodies are formed to certain areas of the spinal nerve roots. This is manifested by the appearance of pins and needles on the legs, the range of movements gradually decreases, and sensitivity is impaired. The process may appear immediately on your hands. It may involve a certain volume, but may spread towards the chest. The last symptom is very dangerous, it requires urgent hospitalization to the intensive care unit, as it can progress to the point of respiratory arrest.

Head injury

A brain contusion can lead to the appearance of pins and needles on both one and two sides. After this, loss of sensation may develop.

Shingles

The disease is caused by the same virus as chickenpox; occurs in those who have already had it. It manifests itself as the appearance of goosebumps in the projection of any nerve, but more often - one of the intercostal nerves. Goose bumps precede the appearance of redness here, on which bubbles with transparent contents soon appear. The affected area burns and hurts.

Multiple sclerosis

This autoimmune pathology, when one’s own antibodies begin to attack the sheath of most nerve fibers, as a result of which the latter become “naked” and begin to destroy themselves. There is no clear sequence or algorithm for damage to fibers, so it is difficult to recognize the disease.

Most often it begins in one eye, sensations in it foreign body, the appearance of blurred contours of the objects in question. This condition lasts about a week, then goes away on its own, but not completely. Subsequently, the symptom will recur. Gradually, it leads to disruption of coordinated eye movements and a change in the normal reaction of the pupils to light. Usually after this goosebumps and pain appear on the face, which is the basis for diagnosing “” or “Neuralgia trigeminal nerve" Later, loss of coordination, changes in handwriting, and transient trembling of objects develop.

Also to initial manifestations diseases include goosebumps, burning, numbness or tightness of the skin that occurs on any part of the body. It goes away on its own and often does not serve as a reason to contact a neurologist or therapist.

Polyneuropathy

This disease is characterized by damage to the peripheral nervous system due to poisoning (including alcohol surrogates), metabolic disorders(mainly for diabetes). It is dangerous because the disconnection of nerves, starting from remote areas of the body (fingers and toes), spreads closer and closer to the respiratory muscles, and can also involve the nerves that command the contraction of the muscles responsible for breathing.

Polyneuropathy manifests as worsening motor activity legs and arms, starting with the fingers, the appearance of goosebumps and numbness in these areas, the gradual “turning off” of sensitivity in the areas of socks and gloves.

Goosebumps on the face and hands

If goosebumps crawl on the skin of your face and hands, this may be one of the following pathologies.

Migraine

At first, goosebumps appear on the face (especially around the mouth) and hands, then a headache develops mainly in one half of the head. In this case, paresthesia should be regarded as a migraine aura - a condition that precedes an attack of pain.

Tumor or inflammation of the frontal lobe of the brain

A change in personality (a person becomes “not the same as usual”) along with goosebumps in the lips and fingers may indicate damage to the frontal lobe. Only a neurologist can refute such a diagnosis, sometimes only on the basis of an MRI of the brain.

Goosebumps on the scalp

If you have goosebumps on the back of your head, it could be:

Greater occipital nerve neuropathy. At the same time, goosebumps, numbness and tingling are felt in the area of the back of the head to the crown; here there is increased or decreased sensitivity. Can be found pain points in the back of the head.
Neuropathy of the cervical plexus with compression of its sensory nerves. Here in the area of the back of the head, neck, shoulder girdle and behind the ear, pain and goosebumps are felt.
. In this case, the tingling sensation is felt for 1-2 hours, then disappears, leaving no focal changes.
Bell's palsy. At first, goosebumps are felt on one side of the face, after which weakness of the muscles on this side appears, and then they completely cease to provide movement to one side of the mouth and facial muscles.

Goosebumps on your hands

If you notice goosebumps crawling on your arm, please note: this may be due to the following reasons.

Anterior scalene syndrome

When this muscle is overstrained, which is caused by compression of the lower trunk brachial plexus And subclavian artery, there are pains and pins and needles in the arm - from the shoulder to the little finger and ring finger. When turning the head, the pain radiates to the back of the head and chest. There may be numbness and chilliness in the hand, and the skin becomes pale or more bluish.

Brachial plexus syndrome

It is characterized by deterioration of movement in the hand, goosebumps and decreased sensitivity in the part of the hand that is located on the little finger side.

Raynaud's disease

Manifested by coldness and paleness of the fingers. Goosebumps crawl over them, the fingers first turn blue and begin to hurt, then their skin turns red, and the pain subsides. Often not only the fingers, but also the toes are affected.

Osteochondrosis, trauma, spondylolisthesis or tumor of the cervical spinal cord

These diseases are characterized not only by the appearance of goosebumps in the hands, but also by pain in the muscles of the hands, gradual decline strength in their muscles, deterioration of temperature and pain sensitivity in the hands. If pathological process(by a tumor, edema or vertebrae) is compressed and the vessels leading to the brain will experience hearing or vision impairment.

Myositis of the cervical muscles

Goosebumps in the arms are accompanied by pain in the neck. These symptoms are worse in certain positions of the neck. .

Costoclavicular syndrome

This is the name for compression of the vessels and nerves of the brachial plexus, which occurs in vertical position, if the shoulder girdle is pulled back and down (for example, when carrying a heavy backpack). In this case, pain when standing at attention, accompanied by goosebumps, develops according to inside hands and forearms.

Musculocutaneous nerve neuropathy

This nerve gives commands to many muscles of the shoulder, including the biceps, reaching the forearm and dividing into anterior and posterior branches. If the nerve is pinched at the level of the elbow fold, pain occurs in this place, which radiates to the side of the forearm and is accompanied by a burning sensation and goosebumps. The pain intensifies with flexion and extension of the elbow, and rotation of the forearm in and out.

Compression of the median nerve in the axillary fossa

Pathology occurs mainly when carrying heavy objects resting on the axillary fossa, and also when sleeping together spouses, when the head of one of them is under the hand of the second.

Here goosebumps run across the palm; at first this is not accompanied by pain or dysfunction. If a similar situation with compression is repeated, the work of the flexor muscles of the palm and those muscles that are responsible for flexing the large and index finger. The palm loses its sensitivity; muscles that form the eminence thumb, are hypotrophied.

Intermetacarpal tunnel syndrome

This is the name of the condition when the nerve is pinched by the heads of the metacarpal bones. Symptoms: numbness and goosebumps in the area of the surfaces of the fingers facing each other, which intensify with flexion and extension of the fingers.

Pinched nerve between the heads of the triceps muscle

The causes of the condition are injury to the back of the arm, fracture of the humerus.

Symptoms: deterioration or inability to straighten the hand; if you press on the back of the forearm, pain and pins and needles appear near the thumb.

Compression of the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve

This occurs due to the habit of resting your elbow on the edge of the table. Pain occurs on the inside of the hand. If you press on the inside of the wrist, the pain intensifies and a pins and needles sensation appears.

Goosebumps on my feet

The symptom of goosebumps “running” down the leg is caused by various conditions. Let's look at the main ones.

Lumbar plexus neuropathy

It appears due to compression of the plexus by the altered upper lumbar vertebrae, hematomas, abscesses, phlegmons, tumors in this area.

Symptoms: pain and pins and needles - in the lower abdomen, in the pelvic area, on the thigh. They intensify when the extended leg is raised upward.

Varicose veins

The legs, especially when standing for a long time and at the end of the working day, itch, swell, and feel heaviness. Dilated veins and purple vascular networks are visually identified.

Restless legs syndrome

This is the name of the condition caused by for various reasons when there is a burning, tingling, feeling of fullness or squeezing in the legs, due to which lower limbs perform a frequent reflexive “throwing off” movement.

To clarify and eliminate the cause of such sensations, contact a therapist and neurologist.

Bernhardt-Roth disease

It manifests itself:

goosebumps, burning, numbness, tingling of the area from hip joint along the anterolateral surface of the thigh to the knee;
pain and pins and needles intensify when walking, disappear if you sit or lie with your legs bent;
if you touch the skin in this area, it will hurt, you will feel a feeling of heat, a prick;
sensitivity here is increased;
There may be either dry skin or excessive sweating in this area.

After lumbar puncture

Nerve root injury during lumbar puncture can lead to pain, loss of sensitivity in the legs, and weakness in their muscles.

Operations on the spinal cord, spinal nerves, spine

If you were injured during the intervention more nervous homies, arise:

goosebumps in the legs;
weakness of the leg muscles;
decreased sensitivity in the legs.

Raynaud's disease

It manifests itself as pain and coldness of the fingers, then the fingers turn blue, which is accompanied by increased pain. Then the vascular spasm goes away, the fingers turn red, and the pain and goosebumps go away.

Femoral nerve neuropathy

It can be caused by a fracture of the pelvic bones with bleeding into the muscles surrounding this nerve. May occur if the nerve was injured during puncture femoral artery, or if it is compressed by lymph nodes or a hematoma localized in the area of the inguinal fold.

Symptoms:

pain – in the groin area;
spreads to the lumbar region, to the thigh and lower leg along their anterior internal surface;
Here goosebumps are detected and sensitivity is reduced;
flexion-extension of the hip and knee may be performed in too small a volume;
climbing stairs is especially difficult.

Clamping of the saphenous nerve

Pins and needles, pain and loss of sensitivity are determined along the inside of the leg from the knee to the big toe.

Rabies

The disease occurs as a result of the bite of an infected animal, which introduces the rabies virus into the wound. Pathology manifests itself as the appearance of goosebumps in the bitten leg. Subsequently, fear of light, water and sound develops.

Goosebumps on the tongue

This is typical for:

rubbing with dentures;
changes in bite resulting from the removal of one or several teeth;
galvanization when it occurs electric current due to the fact that the crowns are made of different metals;
getting filling material into the canal;
hypovitaminosis B12;
damage to the sensory fiber of the glossopharyngeal nerve;
inflammation arachnoid membrane brain;
peptic ulcer upper sections digestive system;
diseases of the ENT organs: sinusitis, rhinitis.

Goosebumps in the back area

Goosebumps “run” down the back when there is a pathology of the spine, such as spondylosis. If the vertebrae in the cervical region are deformed, then goosebumps and pain will be felt in the neck, crown and upper back; they intensify with certain movements. If such symptoms develop in chest area, we are most likely talking about spondylosis or osteochondrosis thoracic. Finally, in pathologies when the nerves coming from the lumbosacral region are pinched, goosebumps will be felt in the lumbar region.

Algorithm for analyzing the state when “goosebumps” appear

Before you panic, remember what caused the paresthesia. It is also important to assess your condition as objectively as possible and notice additional symptoms:

Then the goosebumps appeared	Where are they felt?	Additional symptoms	What could it be	Which doctor should I contact? How to confirm
After a spinal injury	In the limb area	Numbness, impaired sensitivity and movement in the limbs. With a cervical injury, there may be dizziness and loss of coordination. " Goose bumps" No	Fracture, fracture-dislocation of vertebrae	Neuropathologist X-ray or computed tomography of the spine in the injured area
For no reason, but more often - if a person suffers from thrombosis, arrhythmias, hypertension	In the area of one half of the body	Sudden onset of poor sensitivity and inability to move the arm and leg on one side	Stroke	Neuropathologist Examination by an ambulance doctor, a neurologist, computed tomography brain, performed under the supervision of a resuscitator
For no apparent reason	In the area of the limbs, but not on one side of the arm or leg, but grabbing either the foot (hand), or the foot and lower leg (hand and forearm), or the entire limb	Numbness, pallor of the skin, decreased local temperature, hair loss or decreased growth in the area where the “pins and needles” sensation is felt	Poor arterial patency: obliterating atherosclerosis or obliterating endarteritis. There may also be nerve compression	Vascular surgeon, neurologist Ultrasound with Dopplerography of the arteries of the extremities (both). Examination by a neurologist, checking tendon reflexes, electroneurography
At frequent use alcohol	In the area of the extremities (lower, upper or all)	The same		Examination by a neurologist, checking tendon reflexes
After an arm/leg injury	In the area of injury, above and below the point of impact	Feeling of “pins and needles”, decreased or increased sensitivity to cold/heat, muscle weakness of only this limb	Nerve fiber injury	Examination by a neurologist
After working with paints or heavy metals	Legs, arms	“Goosebumps” on the limbs (usually the legs), while sensitivity in the toe area decreases, and the muscles there become weak. Weakness and decreased sensation may also be observed in the hands, in the glove area, and spread along the arms/legs towards the torso	Toxic polyneuropathy
If you have diabetes	In the area of both or four limbs	“Goosebumps” on the legs/arms, decreased sensitivity, muscle weakness	Diabetic polyneuropathy	Endocrinologist together with a neurologist Blood test for sugar (glucose) level, level glycated hemoglobin, electromyo- and electroneurography
For no apparent reason	In the area of the lower/upper or all 4 limbs	Changes in temperature and pain sensitivity, cold skin, muscle weakness	Vitamin deficiency (most likely B1)	Therapist – for adults, pediatrician – for children Examination by a neurologist, determination of the level of vitamins in the blood
During pregnancy	In the leg area	There are signs of pregnancy. There may be night cramps	Lack of magnesium or calcium	Therapist Determination of calcium and magnesium in blood
For no apparent reason	Both on the body and on the limbs	Constantly persisting slight fever, which does not decrease with antibiotic treatment, but goes away on its own. Often - spots on the skin, there may be a “mesh pattern”. Losing weight. Pain in muscles, joints	Vasculitis	Therapist, rheumatologist Rheumatology tests, LE cells and other tests prescribed by a rheumatologist
Against the background of the same type of work performed	In a separate area of the limb (less often the body)	Pain in this area, loss of sensitivity, “pins and needles”. Pass through time	Pinching or inflammation of a single nerve fiber	Neuropathologist Examination by a neurologist, determination of sensitivity and tendon reflexes
After suffering from a cold, intestinal infection, vaccinations, operations	It starts from the feet, can end there, and can rise, grabbing the legs, thighs, hands, and forearms. Breathing, swallowing, and regulation of vascular tone may be impaired	Numbness, loss of sensitivity, muscle weakness, impaired movement of the limbs or their parts, up to paralysis, which can be treated if started in a timely manner. When immobilization of the limbs occurs, the “goosebumps” disappear	Infectious-allergic polyneuropathy (Guillain-Barré or Guillain-Barré-Landry syndrome)	Neuropathologist, sometimes together with infectious disease specialists Examination by a neurologist, determination of sensitivity and tendon reflexes
Either for no reason, or after suffering from acute respiratory viral infection	In any area, but more often - between the ribs	Chickenpox-type blisters are observed in the affected area. This is also accompanied by a burning sensation and pain when breathing		Infectious disease specialist together with a neurologist
For no apparent reason	Hands, face, mouth area	After goosebumps there is a headache, usually in one half of the head	Migraine with aura	Examination by a neurologist
After hypothermia	Separate area of the face	Pain in this area, lacrimation, increased sweating on this side	Trigeminal neuralgia	Examination by a neurologist
After an animal bite	At the site of the bite	Increased sensitivity of this area, sensation of a “twitching” muscle, photophobia, hydrophobia	Rabies	The diagnosis is made based on examination by an infectious disease specialist/radiologist
For no apparent reason	In any area	Accompanied by a completely different set neurological symptoms: headache, loss of coordination, decreased vision, loss of sensitivity in any areas of the skin of the face, limbs, torso	Multiple sclerosis, some mitochondrial diseases	MRI of the brain and cervical spinal cord with contrast, electroneurography, laboratory tests that will be prescribed by a neurologist after examination
For no apparent reason	“Goosebumps” appear in paroxysms on any part of the body, the location of which may vary. Most often they are felt in the back of the head	Distorted perception of one’s own body parts, failure to recognize objects, inability to perform complex movements, loss of the ability to count and solve problems arithmetic examples. There may be loss of visual field	Damage (usually by tumor) to the parietal lobe of the brain	Neuropathologist MRI of the brain
After hypothermia of the head, overload of the neck muscles. Maybe for no apparent reason	In the back of the head	type “drilling”, “shooting”, occurs in attacks. IN interictal period There may be a dull pain in the back of the head. You can find points on the back of the head, pressure on which increases pain and goosebumps	Occipital neuralgia	Examination by a neurologist

If you have goosebumps:

run around local area, especially in the limb area,
this is not accompanied by disturbances of consciousness, vision, breathing, swallowing,
To respiratory tract doesn't rise

it can be any of the neuropathies of numerous nerves. This diagnosis is made by a neurologist based on a routine examination of the patient. We will not list all the diagnoses in the table, especially since their treatment is the same.

It should also be noted that important information regarding paresthesia:

the lower (closer to the toes) the area where the goose bumps are located, the closer to the tailbone the pathology is located;
a large area of \u200b\u200brunning goose bumps coming from a large (hip or shoulder) joint to the fingers indicates a pathology of the spine, while reverse stroke(from fingers up) indicates nerve damage;
if sensitivity is impaired, pain appears and goosebumps appear in a small area between the hand (foot) and shoulder (thigh), most likely a small nerve fiber is damaged (compressed);
pain that occurs along with goosebumps
Goosebumps and sensory disturbances are especially dangerous in patients diabetes mellitus, as well as after suffering from an intestinal or cold;
anxiety and an urgent visit to a neurologist should be caused by conditions when, along with goosebumps, it is discovered that the affected area does not distinguish what kind of - sharp or blunt - object has touched it, and also does not distinguish between hot and cold water;
visit a neurologist or vascular surgeon It is necessary if the skin where the goosebumps run has become pale, cold, and has little pale hair growing on it.

What can cause goosebumps in children

Goosebumps in children can be caused by:

Guillain-Barre syndrome;
intoxication (due to or poisoning) polyneuropathy;
encephalitis affecting the parietal region;
scalene muscle syndrome due to an accessory rib;
neuropathies due to muscle spasms;
vasculitis;
arthritis;
taking certain medications;
spondylosis;
lack of B vitamins;
hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.