And such plants cause allergies. Allergy to flowers

Flowering plants are a beautiful time, but not for allergy sufferers. Every year there are more and more such people. They perceive trips to the dacha as a difficult task from which they cannot escape, considering flowers to be the main culprits of allergies. What should I do? Don't plant flowers? Give up the dacha? No, you just need to choose those plants that will not cause allergies. The main culprit of allergies is plant pollen. During the summer, there are millions of pollen grains in the air, and we inhale them every day. Most of us do not notice this, but those who suffer from allergies wait for this period with caution. The most aggressive are cereals. From April, with the beginning of the flowering of willow, hazel, poplar, maple, alder, birch, linden, dandelion, the torment of those begins who suffer from allergies. The plants listed above produce especially a lot of pollen. Later, cereals make their contribution. Cereals, or rather their pollen, causes severe allergies. When mowing the lawn, it rises into the air. In addition, allergies can also be caused by cut grass, which releases coumarin, an irritant. There is no room for a lawn on a small plot, but what if the plot is larger? In this case, instead of a lawn, it is better to arrange a paved area, fill it with pebbles, or plant ground cover plants, the choice of which is now large. In addition, daisies, sunflowers, marigolds, amaranth, rudbeckia, asters, lavender, aconite, popovnik, lily of the valley, are considered strong allergens. flax, chrysanthemums, hops and others. Among the weeds there are also many such plants (for example, nettle, plantain, yarrow, celandine). Even seemingly harmless cornflowers can be dangerous, tear-inducing, runny nose and itching. And often they do not look for the culprits of the allergy among weeds, attributing its manifestation to garden plants blooming at this time. When you touch primroses, redness and itching may appear. Redness can also be caused by the milky juice of dandelion, a member of the Euphorbia family. The choice is theirs You can enjoy a blooming garden by planting plants that do not cause allergies. Of the annuals, preference should be given to snapdragons, self-seeded poppies, petunias, verbena, pansies and forget-me-nots, that is, those plants whose anthers are hidden inside the flower. From perennials, choose heuchera, bergenia, bellflower, catnip, delphinium, speedwell, geranium, bearded iris, phlox, peony, dahlias, periwinkle. Among the shrubs, choose those that are not wind pollinated: viburnum, Japanese quince, serviceberry, weigela, ornamental fruits, scumpia. The choice of climbing and climbing plants is very limited; we can recommend virgin grapes, eccremocarpus, nasturtium, and honeysuckle. Reducing the risk When working on the site, those who suffer from allergies need to follow several rules. You need to wear gloves, long sleeves and a headscarf. To avoid bringing pollen into your home, do not enter it work clothes. If possible, wash after work, be sure to rinse your hair to reduce the amount of irritating substances deposited on you. In the first half of the day, pollen is most active. But the second half of the day is preferable for working and relaxing in the garden, especially if it is a cloudy, cool day. But in any case, entrust the work of mowing the lawn and hedges, where a lot of pollen settles, to those family members who are not afraid of allergies. It is important to clinical trials to find out which plants cause your allergies, and then it will be easier to choose plants that are safe for you - what is dangerous for some may be harmless for others. And then summer cottage plot you will be happy. Fragrant ones are prohibited In addition to dust-producing plants, allergy-causing plants include poisonous and aromatic plants, although odor allergies are less common. Therefore, roses, lilies, daffodils, clematis, peonies, petunia, astilbe, and pelargonium are prohibited. But here it is important to remember that plants with double flowers smell less than those with simple ones, and also that there are varieties without a smell, for example among roses and lilies.

So what are the causes of flower allergies? What exactly causes an allergy to flowers in a person? Doctors say that the main causes of allergies to flowers are pollen particles that penetrate deep into the body, which settle on the nasal mucosa and irritate it. In order for the body to develop an allergy to flowers, the pollen elements of this flower must have a “permeability factor”, which helps the flower pollen to get onto the mucous membrane, pass through its epithelial ball and disrupt protective functions upper respiratory tract. Usually people who are predisposed to allergies to flowers are those whose older relatives have also had allergic reactions to flowers.

An allergy to flowers in a person predisposed to this reaction acts according to the reagin mechanism. When pollen enters the human body, immunoglobulins G and E react. The amount of biologically active substances such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and others increases in the blood.

What flowers cause allergies?

Most plant species produce very small amounts of pollen, which is not capable of causing an allergic reaction. However, among flowering forage and meadow grasses, cereals, as well as ornamental house plants, there are a number of items that are the undisputed leaders in allergic reactions to them. It is worth noting that cereal plants can contribute to the appearance of a cross allergic reaction to the pollen of other plants.

Of the cereal plants, the most active allergens are: wheat, rye, alfalfa, rice, sugar cane and others.

Cross-reactions can be caused by sunflowers, wormwood, coltsfoot, dandelion, and flowering weeds.

The most dangerous flowers that cause allergies are those that belong to the ragweed subspecies - daisies, sunflowers, etc. Some medicinal plants are also not safe for allergy sufferers, for example, common chamomile, the leaves and flowers of which can cause an allergy attack. Flowers of the weed species amaranth are extremely unsafe for health. Although their flowers are small, they release a lot of pollen that can affect your health.

In addition to the mentioned plants and flowers, causing allergies It is also worth mentioning wormwood, hops, and nettle. There are also many known cases of allergies to flowers and other plants, which appeared after touching the leaves of cherry or petioles, raspberries, as well as agaric and garden jasmine.

Of the flowering trees, pollen most often causes allergies: coniferous trees– spruce, fir, pine, cypress; also from flowering fruits and berries - apple, cherry, pear; alder, hazel, mimosa, birch, poplar, acacia, plane tree and others have no less strong allergens. If trees are in a restless, stressful state, that is, they grow near a busy highway, for example, but pollination occurs more intensively, and therefore the concentration of pollen in the air from them increases significantly.

Allergies to flowers appear from plants whose pollen is carried by the wind - the inconspicuous small flowers of these plants cannot attract insects, so pollination occurs through the air. Plants whose flowers are large and bright are pollinated by insects and do not cause an allergic reaction.

Indoor flowers that cause allergies

Growing beautiful decorative flowers at home, we rarely think about the fact that they can cause us an allergic reaction, terrible attacks of runny nose, tearfulness and continuous sneezing. Most often, allergies to flowers that grow on the windowsill appear due to the spread of essential oils released by the flowers themselves into the air. The thing is that these essential oils are so light and volatile that they spread extremely quickly in indoors. Upon contact with mucous membranes respiratory organs essential oils quickly reach their target, causing terrible swelling of the mucous membrane and other allergic horrors.

No less mobile and easily penetrating pollen from plants that contain biological active substances such as alkaloids (nitrogen-containing organic compounds), saponins (nitrogen-free glycosides plant origin) and others.

Often, the manifestation of allergies caused by house plants depends solely on individual tolerance or intolerance to one or another type of secretion produced by the plant.

So, what kind of indoor flowers that cause allergies do we grow at home:

Pelargonium (“Geranium”), which belongs to the Geraniaceae family, contains essential oil in its leaves. They release a special aroma that is perceived individually by each person - either causes an allergic reaction or delights the sense of smell;
ferns in all their many species can be extremely allergenic, since during the reproduction period (and they reproduce by spores) the plant’s reproductive organs scatter throughout the room;
crinum and eucharis (which belong to the Amaryllis family) during their flowering period emit a strong aroma, which is explained by the amount of essential oils contained. When the aroma is released, essential oils are also released, which can cause allergies;
the Kutrov family, namely oleander, catharanthus and alamanda, when the breeding and flowering period approaches, are thrown into environment a considerable amount aromatic substances. Such a release can have a significant impact on health, causing mild asphyxia, headaches and tachycardia;
The Araceae family, which is often represented in the world of house plants by Dieffenbachia, Colocasia, Alocasia, Philodendron, Aglaonema and other plants, is dangerous with its sap. If the affected leaf comes into contact with your hands and further rubbing the juice on the skin, a severe allergic reaction and even damage to the skin and mucous membranes can occur. It is recommended to use gloves and gauze bandages when working with these plants;
Aristolochia or carcasone have very interesting flowers that contain enough alkaloids to be considered poisonous. These plants are considered medicinal, but it is still not recommended to keep such plants at home;
Euphorbia (euphorbia), croton (codeum) and acalypha are plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae. The whitish sap that comes out of a broken stem or leaf can cause an allergy attack in a person who touches it. Typically, contact with these plants should be limited as much as possible and located away from them. Allergies can occur when replanting plants or when washing leaves;
butterwort (crasula), Kalanchoe, echeveria and sedum or sedum belong to plants from the Crassulaceae family. Such plants are used by many people as components used in traditional medicine recipes. They undoubtedly have a varied healing effect, however, they can still cause an allergic reaction on the skin, and if the juice is taken orally, they can cause severe swelling of the areas respiratory system. Cyclamen can have a similar “medicinal” effect, which can cause severe burns to the mucous membrane when it comes into contact with the sap of the plant;
agave, on the contrary, purifies the air in the room from unwanted manifestations microflora, but its juice, which is usually used in the treatment of lower back diseases and sciatica, can leave burns on the skin;
It may be unsafe to breed rhododendron at home - during the flowering period it emits a very persistent, strong odor, which can affect human health in the form of persistent headaches, sometimes accompanied by skin rashes.

ilive.com.ua

Causes of allergies to flowers

Doctors identify two main causes of allergies to flowering plants:

Pollen entering the body settles on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and causes irritation. In this case, pollen elements must have the so-called “permeability factor,” that is, pass through the epithelial ball and disrupt the protective functions of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.
Activation of the reagin mechanism in allergies: pollen enters the body and causes a reaction of immunoglobulins E and G, and also increases the amount of serotonin and histamine in the blood.

To understand whether there is an allergy to flowers (or rather, their pollen during flowering), it is worth knowing exactly how it manifests itself, that is, the symptoms of an allergic reaction in the body. The most pronounced ones include:

tearfulness;
skin itching;
dry cough;
runny nose;
sneezing;
swelling of the eyelids and nose;
conjunctivitis.

In the most severe cases, symptoms can be more serious, including angioedema and bronchial asthma. Please note: in some cases, a severe allergic reaction to flowers can cause increased sensitivity to other common allergens, such as household dust or pet dander. It is important to understand that any allergy, including to flowers, cannot be treated - you can only relieve its symptoms with the help of certain medications and avoid contact with allergens. For precise definition such substances, you should contact the laboratory to carry out special skin tests (it is recommended to undergo this procedure between November and March, when there is no flowering plants). During the manipulation, shallow scratches are made on the skin, onto which allergen concentrates are dripped, observing the patient’s reaction.

“Unsafe” and prohibited flowers for allergy sufferers

In medicine, there are about 7,000 species of flowers and about 11,000 species of flowering plants to which a person may be allergic. Moreover, in some countries there are even “floristic maps” showing the periods and areas of flowering of plants that cause allergies. The most famous allergic flowers and plants include:

Cereals (rice, alfalfa, rye, wheat) that can cause cross-allergy to pollen from other plants.
Ambrosia wormwood ( weed) – its flowering can cause very severe allergies: with a concentration of only 25 pollen grains per 1 m³ atmospheric air there is a high probability of moderate hay fever (rhinoconjunctivitis).
Flowers from the Astrov genus - sunflowers, dandelions, daisies, coltsfoot, common chamomile (not only its flowers, but also its leaves can cause allergies).
Plants with a strong aroma, especially lilies and bird cherry during the flowering period.
Some indoor plants, due to the distribution of essential oils, can also cause allergies - for example, geranium (pelargonium). If geranium essential oils come into contact with the mucous membrane of the respiratory organs, an allergic person may experience swelling, itching and severe attacks cough.

It is worth remembering this list when choosing a bouquet not only for an allergy sufferer, but also for discharge from the maternity hospital - it is especially contraindicated to present strong-smelling plants to a young mother and baby that can easily provoke an allergic reaction in the baby.

A bouquet that can be given to an allergy sufferer

Given the increasing number of allergy sufferers, breeders from different countries peace in lately They are working intensively to create special hypoallergenic flowers for bouquets, without pollen and fragrance. IN at the moment There is already one variety of such plants - these are decorative sunflowers called “Cappuccino”.

Other flowers, to one degree or another, can cause allergies, but plants without a strong aroma and with a small amount of pollen are less dangerous. Therefore, when choosing certain options, you should give preference to plants in buds or double flowers - for example, carnations.

Practically do not cause allergies the following types colors:

orchid (the description of this flower can take more than one page, since in addition to being relatively hypoallergenic, orchids themselves are very beautiful and sophisticated, with an incredible variety of shades of petals);
climbing roses and pink buds;
bougainvillea;
petunia;
phlox.

Of course, when choosing a bouquet for an allergy sufferer, it is also important to pay attention to the design of the composition as a whole, that is, the use of greenery. It is worth giving up ears of grain (that is, cereals) and ferns - their pollen can cause feeling unwell recipient.

megacvet24.ru

Allergy to flowers. — What bouquets cause allergies?

Recently, in developed countries there has been a tendency to increase the number allergic diseases . Allergies are phenomena when the immune system, under the influence external factors of different nature (allergens) fails and begins to damage the body’s own tissues.

Products may act as an allergen nutrition, household dust, some medicinal substances. Pollen from some plants, such as ragweed, is also a fairly strong allergen. In most countries of the world, the use of such plants as landscaping in city parks and squares is strictly prohibited. Allergy to flowers (pollen) is also associated with the seasonality of the onset of symptoms of the disease - in spring or autumn, depending on which flowers it occurs. increased sensitivity.
Some decorative flowers, which are used to arrange bouquets, can also cause allergies, so it is worth considering when this condition occurs and from which plants.

Allergy to flowers It can develop in absolutely anyone, but there are some predisposing factors, judging by which it can be said with a high degree of probability that this or that person will develop it. First of all, this is an existing allergic disease, for example, bronchial asthma, dust allergy, some food products. Also, this state may develop in a person who, due to professional activities or for other reasons often comes into contact with flowers or pollen - from a seller in a flower shop, a gardener, a lover of indoor plants. In addition, children and people with weakened immune systems are considered more susceptible to allergies.

Manifestations allergies to pollen are characteristic of many other allergic diseases - lacrimation, conjunctivitis, runny nose, and sometimes cough. Fever observed extremely rarely. In some severe cases, anaphylactic shock may develop.

From general differences between safe and suspicious flowers, it can be noted that most often allergies are caused by plants with bright, strong-smelling flowers and inflorescences. On the contrary, more modestly colored flowers with a delicate, subtle aroma or no scent almost never provoke symptoms. of this disease, although you cannot be completely sure of this - each person has a different immune system, so we will consider only those flowers that most often cause allergies. Since in our time bouquets are often made from various types of plants, it is most unsafe to combine several allergenic flowers in it at once.

The following are classically considered dangerous from an allergological point of view: plants like orchids, rue and lily. Their presence in the bouquet should cause concern in a person prone to allergies. These flowers have a strong aroma, which in itself can cause an attack in a patient suffering from bronchial asthma. In many countries, bouquets of these plants are prohibited from being brought into hospitals and hospitals, especially those dealing with pulmonology or allergy. Flowers such as calendula (marigold), jasmine and geranium have also been noted to contribute to the development of allergies. The latter often causes manifestations of the disease in lovers of indoor plants, as it is very unpretentious and quite beautiful flower and therefore very widespread. Another danger is the presence of oleander in a bouquet, and in addition to typical manifestations allergies (rhinitis, nasal congestion, lacrimation), it can cause so-called contact dermatitis due to the poisonous juice from the stems and leaves. Very often, bouquets are decorated not with flowers, but with oleander branches, so dermatitis occurs even if all the flowers in the bouquet are safe.

Fight allergies diseases It is quite difficult, but it is possible to stop the manifestations of allergies. Here, the first-line drugs are antihistamines. medicines- first (Suprastin, Diazolin), second (Loratadine) and third generations (Aleron). The second and third generation products are considered the most effective; in addition, they lack some side effects, which are present in first-generation drugs (drowsiness, lethargy, decreased reaction speed). Among the general principles of prevention, it is necessary to note the avoidance of contact with the allergen; during the flowering period (spring, summer), it is recommended to keep windows and vents closed, and after walking, thoroughly clean clothes and shoes from dust. Treatment severe forms allergies is carried out in a hospital.

— Return to the table of contents of the section “ Pathophysiology."

medicalplanet.su

Poisonous flowers

Indoor flowers allergens

Mostly, allergic reactions are caused by plants containing highly volatile essential oils or biologically active substances (alkaloids, saponins).

It is important to consider that the presence or absence of an allergy to a specific plant is an individual phenomenon.. It depends on a person’s personal intolerance or tolerance to the secretions of a certain type of flower.

Indoor flowers and plants that cause allergies:

So, when choosing a houseplant, it is important not only to learn about it decorative properties, but also about whether it is dangerous for humans. Which indoor plants and flowers cause your allergies can be determined with a dermatologist.

Feng Shui

Feng Shui is a Chinese teaching about the organization of human living space. Indoor plants have a special place in it. It is believed that many plants are able to bring their own special energy into a person’s home. And it is not always favorable for the people living there. That is why many of our popular indoor plants cannot be kept at home according to this teaching.

According to the teachings of Feng Shui, plants with sharp needles and pointed leaves should not be kept in the house.. These are: cacti, sansevieria, spurge and many others. It is believed that such flowers can sow seeds of discord in the family, which will disrupt the calm flow of people’s lives.

But if such plants are already present in the house, they should not be thrown away. They just can’t be placed close to rest areas or in children’s rooms. Such flowers have a place in the office, as sharp needles and leaves stimulate mental activity.

Feng Shui does not favor climbing plants. All of these species are considered to have very severe negative energy, the manifestation of which is unacceptable in people’s homes. Many of these plants are called energy vampires, which live at the expense of other beings and weaken them.

That is why flowers such as ivy, monstera, and waxweed have no place inside the house. But ivy is often planted at the entrance to the house. He protects people’s homes and does not allow the evil energy of envious people to pass through. And gazebos entwined with ivy are good at absorbing the negative energy accumulated during the day.

Now you know which indoor plants should not be kept at home according to Feng Shui.

Folk signs and superstitions

Consider which plants should not be kept at home according to signs. According to our folk beliefs, you cannot keep much more plants in your house than according to Feng Shui. Superstitions have not escaped not only cacti, sansevieria and various types ivy, but also palm trees, ficus, spathiphyllum, hibiscus, calla lilies and even orchids.

Numerous folk signs talk about harm palm trees in the apartment. It cannot be brought into the house, as it attracts misfortune. The owner of the palm tree will certainly suffer great grief.

Ficus in many countries it is considered a very useful and cozy plant. But our signs say the opposite. It negatively affects reproductive function. A woman who has a ficus growing in her house will not have children.

For spathiphyllum The name “mozhegon” was firmly established. Women or young girls should not get this flower. The flower will not allow you to create a family or will destroy an existing one.

True, not everything is clear with this plant. It also has another name - “female happiness”. Apparently, the flower still helps some women find family well-being.

Hibiscus considered a dangerous plant that attracts trouble. People believe that the “Chinese rose” blooms shortly before the death of one of the family members.

Calla lilies– unusual and beautiful flowers, but they have long been considered unlucky. They are very often brought to funerals, which is probably why they are called grave flowers and are not recommended to be kept in the house. If calla lilies bloom, expect the death of a loved one.

A orchid became famous as strong energy vampire. She takes away a person's strength if she is nearby. Therefore, it is not recommended to keep it in the bedroom or children's room.

dom-florista.ru

Is there an allergy to indoor plants?

To create the illusion of connection with nature, in big cities people grow indoor plants at home. They not only decorate the house, but also purify the air that its owners breathe.

Although, it must be emphasized that some of them are house plants that cause allergies in the human body. Although not everyone may experience an allergic reaction, it is likely a personal predisposition human body to this or that flower. There is a certain exact list of indoor flowers that cause allergies.

What are the causes of allergies to home living decor?

Like any living beings, plants grow, breathe, releasing various useful and harmful substances that they need to continue their life.
The main reason Allergy to domestic flowers is due to their pollen, which is carried into the air during their flowering.

Green home lovers also need to know that it is very important factor To avoid an allergic reaction to plants, you must take proper care of them: if you do not collect the dust that has settled on them from the flowers in a timely manner, they turn into simple household “dust collectors.” This function is extremely undesirable, since it will harm not only the life of the plant itself, but will also cause severe allergies in those present.

Even the leaves and trunk of plants can cause allergic reactions, plant researchers say. Also, various fertilizers for indoor flowers, which have become very fashionable recently, have become powerful allergens. It must be emphasized that indoor plants can cause an allergic reaction even by their presence in the house.

Symptoms of allergies to house plants

Everyday home life differs little from day to day. But sometimes changes occur in personal behavior and the state of one’s health. The most common health problems that arise through the home are plants. How can you determine that you are allergic to indoor flowers?

Green plants in your home can cause you some discomfort: a dry, irritating cough, frequent nasal discharge for no apparent reason, your skin begins to itch, and your eyes become watery. What is the reason for this unexplained condition? It is, of course, your pets that are causing all this! Very often, people simply try not to notice such manifestations, either due to carelessness or unwillingness to get rid of them.

In spite of everything, every person must understand the seriousness of his decision not to pay attention to such ailments. Cases of advanced allergies from indoor flowers, which develop into other pathologies of the human body, have become frequent. Among them, the most common ones need to be emphasized:

asthma;
respiratory allergies.

Let's take a closer look at the types of the latter pathological manifestation allergic disease. In nature, there are three types of respiratory allergies, which are characterized by lesions different departments respiratory tract.
The first type of this disease is allergic rhinosinusitis, which, in turn, is divided into three more subtypes:

seasonal (hay fever);
hay fever (provoked forms of an allergic reaction), can occur through the plants themselves, or through the dust they collect, or through the pollen they produce;
infectious-allergic, which is mixed form the first and second types of rhinosinusitis.

During this allergic reaction, burning and itching is observed on the skin, in the nose, sneezing attacks, liquid discharge from the nose, swelling of the nasal mucosa, eyelids, and eyes is possible. As for big picture condition of a person, then under the influence of an allergen from indoor plants, he will feel a headache, malaise throughout the body, a desire to sleep, low-grade fever and great irritability. It must be emphasized that it is this stage of allergy to indoor plants that precedes the onset of bronchial asthma.

The second type of respiratory allergies is allergic laryngitis, which develops rapidly at night and is characterized by difficulty breathing, severe cough, restlessness and cyanosis of the lips and nose.

The third type of respiratory reactions that are provoked by house flowers that cause allergies is allergic tracheobronchitis. It can be identified by attacks of nighttime dry cough, which torments a person for a long time.

What indoor plants cause allergies?

So how can you protect yourself from harmful roommates? How to choose the right plants that will not turn your life into constant struggle with allergies, but will they please the eye and purify the air in the house?

Flora researchers proposed a list they compiled of those plants that have a direct negative effect on the human body.

List of indoor flowers that cause allergies:

Geranium, or pelargonium from the Geraniaceae family, contains in its leaves an essential oil that can have different effects on immune system humans, including causing allergies.
Spores of the fern class, scattered throughout the room, are also potential allergens.
The stems and leaves of azalea, hydrangea, poinsettia and oleander, dieffenbrachia, cyclamen, Kalanchoe and acalypha, catarthus and alamanda, crinum and eucharis turned out to be extremely toxic.

Undoubtedly, the photos of indoor plants that cause allergies are so beautiful that it is very difficult to decide not to purchase them. But, health or beauty is your choice, in which you need to take into account all their pros and cons, so as not to be hostage to home flowers!

If you find an error in the text, be sure to let us know about it. To do this, simply highlight the text with the error and click Shift + Enter or just click here. Thank you very much!

Let's figure out which indoor plants can lead to unpleasant consequences: allergies or irritation of a non-allergic nature.

Health hazard

Oddly enough, the most evil enemies Allergy sufferers are not plants at all. What would you think?

Enemy number 1. Regular house dust. It settles on the leaves, especially if they are rarely wiped. A dust allergy can be perceived as a plant allergy. In the vast majority of cases, dust allergies manifest as a runny nose or conjunctivitis. To prevent this, try wiping the leaves, and if wiping is difficult or impossible, then bathe the plants in the shower at least once every six months.

Enemy number 2. Tobacco smoke. Of course, plants don't smoke. But the components tobacco smoke may accumulate near smoking areas on thick or hairy leaves. Of course, they will not cause allergies in smokers, but other people may suffer from it. The control measures are the same - periodically wash the plants, and also stop smoking.

Don't warm up the snake

Allergies can be caused by those plants that have volatile pollen, strong odor- in this case, allergy sufferers are likely to experience a runny nose, asthmatic attacks or conjunctivitis. Some can cause allergies when touched, the symptoms of this are hives, burns. Most often these are those that are covered with glandular hairs.

Safety precautions

Remember, even if a plant does not cause allergies, it can still be harmful to keep indoors. Representatives of this class are often found in bouquets. So, a sprig of wild rosemary or bird cherry can give you a headache for the whole day. If you have little understanding of botany, following general rule- be careful with bouquets of flowers with a strong smell and never place them in the bedroom.

What to give to a friend or relative if he is both a flower lover and an allergy sufferer rolled into one? The good news is that some plants almost never cause allergies. These, for example, include orchids and bromeliads, fortunately there are a lot of them in stores now, and the flowers are very bright and unusual. The pollen of these plants does not disperse into the air and you can be calm about your own and others’ health.

So feel free to give an allergic person Phalaenopsis, Vriesia, Guzmania, Cambria or any other representative of these families. Of the common store-bought options, double rose or begonia are perfect. What if you like some unfamiliar flower?

Remember the rule: allergies are mainly caused by pollen. If there is no pollen, then there is no allergy. Any double flowers produce virtually no pollen, since additional petals usually lead to the disappearance or greatly reduced number of stamens. Therefore, among two plants, it is better to choose the one that blooms with double flowers.

And the second note: allergies to pollen and dust are much less likely if the air is humid. Plants usually like it too, so spraying will bring double benefits, especially during the dry winter period.

You should also not be afraid of various chemicals intended for treatment against pests and diseases. They usually do not cause allergies. However, remember: they are poisonous. Be sure to follow everything necessary measures personal safety.

Name	What dangers await
Pelargonium (geranium)	Lots of essential oils that some people may provoke asthmatic attacks
Eucharis, Krinum, Hippeastrum	Possible pollen allergy
Gerbera	Produces a lot of pollen, which can cause allergies
Kalanchoe	It is possible to be allergic to both flower pollen and plant sap
Oleander, some heathers (rhododendrons)	May cause non-allergic headaches
Dieffenbachia, most milkweeds	Caustic sap that causes symptoms of hives if it comes into contact with hands. Moreover, even the most healthy people, not just allergy sufferers
Some types of cacti	Easily broken off spines that dig into the skin. Getting them is a non-trivial task: very often the tips of the spines break off and inflammation begins, accompanied by severe itching. The most insidious plant in this regard - prickly pear. Groups of its small and extremely tenacious spines (even given a special name - glochidia) look like fluffy halos and, if you stroke them unknowingly, you are doomed to pull out the spines over the next few days. The prickly pear spines are very small, no more than 2 mm in length, and fall off easily, so you can accidentally stumble upon them or even inhale them.

Flowers surround us everywhere. Cultivated varieties are planted in flower beds within the city to improve the appearance of the streets, creating a contrast with the dusty gray asphalt. Wild species They grow in fields, in unkempt garden plots, at the edge of forests - wherever there may be seeds carried by wind currents, as well as birds, insects and animals. It's hard to imagine a holiday without flower arrangements, and according to existing traditions, it is customary to celebrate the onset of special dates by presenting bouquets. In addition, for many people, the contemplation of bright peonies, fragrant roses or field daisies - a way to relax, immerse yourself in pleasant thoughts. However, if you develop an allergy to flowers, any contact with them can seriously threaten your health. Therefore, it is worth finding out what the symptoms are alarm signal, indicating the presence of pathological sensitivity.

The most common allergenic flowers

There is truly huge list plants that can cause intolerance reactions. However, several species can be distinguished from it, which are considered the most dangerous due to the fact that they are found literally everywhere. These include:

Lily
Extremely beautiful, feels comfortable both indoors and in the garden in an open space. It is cultivated in almost every corner of the planet, sometimes wild varieties are observed. It is valued for its elegant appearance and rich, delicate aroma, which can impart to flowers even without direct contact with buds, stems and pollen.
Ambrosia
Classified as a weed. It is unpretentious, grows even in drought conditions, and is not eaten by animals due to its unpleasant bitter taste. Its pollen spreads over considerable distances - on average, within a radius of 2 km. The seeds remain viable for up to four decades, which makes the plant practically invulnerable to all quarantine measures.
Pelargonium, geranium
They are similar to each other and are often chosen for breeding at home - on a windowsill, balcony or veranda. They come in a variety of colors, making it easy for owners to add them as an extra touch to any home decor.

It is worth remembering that absolutely any plant can cause a reaction - it is necessary to focus, first of all, on the feelings of a particular patient who is faced with unpleasant symptoms.

Causes of allergies

Flower intolerance is associated with sensitivity to protein components (proteins) and essential oils which are contained:

in pollen;
in juice;
on stems;
in the roots.

The patient’s immune system reacts to them as a threat and, upon contact, triggers the production of antibodies - special protective compounds that can be detected by laboratory research. Highest value have pollen particles that spread with air currents, settle on the mucous membranes of the nose and eyes and provoke an inflammatory process. When thinking about what flowers you may be allergic to, you need to evaluate a specific plant in accordance with the criteria:

Bright color.
Intense, almost suffocating smell.
The presence of wide-opening buds with numerous stamens.

If all the mentioned features are present, most likely you are looking at a variety that is dangerous for sensitive patients. It “dominates” the bouquet, is immediately noticeable on the windowsill or in the garden, smells pleasant, but in some people even without immunological intolerance it can cause headaches. Light-colored species that lack a strong aroma are less active as flower allergens.

Sometimes there is also a risk of cross-reactions due to sensitivity to a particular plant:

for lilies - onions, garlic, aloe;
for ragweed - for sunflower, dandelion;
to wormwood - on dahlias, chamomiles.

To check for allergies to indoor flowers or outdoor species, it is necessary to temporarily interrupt contact with them - improvement in the condition is considered a reliable indicator of intolerance.

To do this, you can take pots with “suspected” varieties to relatives or give them to neighbors. To avoid contact with plants located in your garden plot, it is enough to leave for a few days.

Symptoms

The clinical manifestations are based on an inflammatory process, which is sometimes very similar to an infectious disease. For this reason, a pollen allergy may be mistaken for a cold. This opinion is confirmed by severe course, the occurrence of complications associated with damage to the skin and mucous membranes (for example, as a result of scratching).

There are features characteristic of allergies to lilies of the valley and other flowers:

Dependence on contact with the provocateur plant.
Absence of pus in the discharge.
Complaints about severe itching, irritation, swelling in the affected areas.

In case of infection, intoxication syndrome still dominates - weakness, headache, decreased tolerance to physical activity. However, it is worth noting that even this manifestation can be observed in cases of severe sensitivity to plants.

Respiratory disorders

Among them are the following symptoms of allergy to flowers:

Nasal congestion.
Sneezing, liquid discharge.
Shortness of breath, cough.
Feeling of lack of air.

Patients are bothered by tickling of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, which also extends to the ears; sometimes conjunctivitis syndrome is associated, including redness, itching of the eyelids, lacrimation, and photophobia. Constant rubbing of the nose and eyes with a handkerchief and fingers leads to irritation of the skin above upper lip, microtraumas and the creation of " entrance gate"for infection. The result may be additional inflammation– for example, in the cornea area (keratitis). The described symptoms are often accompanied by an asthma attack, manifested by a dry cough with wheezing and difficulty exhaling.

Dermatological signs

Include:

redness, swelling;
peeling, rashes (spots, blisters, blisters);
dryness, itching;
sometimes – pain.

Symptoms of allergy to indoor flowers and outdoor species usually occur in close contact with stems, pollen, and sap.

Characterized by local lesion- for example, if a person decides to cut daisies without gloves, pathological changes are observed on the palms, hands, and fingers on the inside. Generalized disorders (affecting the entire skin in general), they are characteristic cross allergies, which develops when consuming provoking substances in food.

Features of the course in children

The child is more sensitive to the sap, pollen and smell of plants. He has delicate skin, which is easily damaged when combed, and easily becomes scratched. You should also pay attention to the narrow lumen of the respiratory tract, due to which even slight swelling of the mucous membrane leads to difficulty in the passage of air flow. In addition, children are curious; out of ignorance, they can taste the plant of interest and damage the integrity of the leaves and stems. For this reason, the focus of the lesion is most often located:

on the palms;
on the hands;
in the nasal cavity, mouth.

Depending on the type of contact, the child may be concerned about:

the appearance of a rash (spots, blisters, nodules, blisters);
swelling and itching of the skin, mucous membranes;
runny nose, sneezing, cough, shortness of breath.

This is a syndrome characterized by the presence of a set of symptoms reminiscent of the picture infectious disease. Observed following symptoms allergies to lilies of the valley and other flowers:

General weakness, sweating.
Decreased physical activity.
Nervousness, sleep disturbance.
Lack of appetite.
Headache.
Low-grade fever (37.1–37.9 °C).

The listed manifestations are often supplemented by local pathological changes. If a flower allergen gets on exposed skin, dermatitis (redness, itching, rash) develops, and on mucous membranes – rhinitis (runny nose) and/or conjunctivitis.

Diagnostics

To find out what flowers a child or adult may be allergic to and choose correct treatment, it is necessary to use a complex of studies. First, you need a survey that allows you to clarify information about the nature of sensitivity and compile a list of suspected provoking plants. It is also necessary to inspect the affected areas and use special tests.

They have accuracy and reliability, and make it possible to evaluate the results immediately after completing the study (takes about 30 minutes). They consist of applying selected allergens to the forearm or back, where direct contact with them is ensured using a small puncture, scratch or injection. The weight advantage is that the patient does not feel pain or experiences minimal discomfort - all manipulations are carried out extremely carefully, using small instruments.

The doctor pays attention to the appearance of:

redness (hyperemia);
swelling;
sensations of itching, irritation;
element of the rash (blister).

Signs of a positive reaction in the presence of sensitivity to colors are observed, on average, after 20 minutes from the moment of contact.

This period may be shortened or slightly extended, but the appearance of the symptoms named in the list indicates that the patient still has an allergy. Sometimes delayed consequences are possible - numbness, swelling and redness of the skin at the site of application of the provocateur, which occurs several hours after the test. They are stored for up to two days.

Laboratory tests

This involves taking a blood sample from a vein to test the serum for antibodies. Helps determine the presence of sensitivity to different colors(lily of the valley, etc.) without direct contact with allergens. This makes it possible to diagnose patients suffering from dermatological diseases or having high level risk of anaphylactic shock during skin test. The tests have other advantages:

They have no age restrictions.
Allows you to check for allergenicity large number plants at the same time.
Can be used to monitor the condition during treatment without the risk of provoking a reaction.

Plan diagnostic search possible under guidance experienced doctor. Discuss in advance with a specialist the use of medications (especially antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids) - they can distort the results.

About the fact that gardening or indoor flower can cause allergies, many people have heard. But not everyone knows how to avoid this. A number of measures are used:

refusal to grow at home, on a personal plot;
timely elimination of weeds around the perimeter of the home, especially under the windows;
notifying family and friends that bouquets may pose a threat.

If intolerance is associated with the flowering of seasonal plants, it is worth considering the option of temporarily leaving for a safer region. You can also consult your doctor about the use of barrier medications (for example, Nazaval based on micronized cellulose), which protect the nasal mucosa from contact with the allergen. A person who is aware of the likelihood of a reaction should always carry with him antihistamine recommended by a specialist.

A blooming garden filled with attractive aromas and charming colors is the dream of every city dweller. But the joys of communicating with nature are not available to those who suffer from allergic diseases, and those caused by plants skin dermatitis and every third inhabitant of our planet suffers from hay fever! They have to deal with considerable troubles caused by pollen, and often even refuse to visit the garden in spring and summer. If you think through the structure of your garden in time, take into account the state of your health when designing garden ensembles and promptly resort to at least minimal preventive and organizational measures, you can forever forget about continuous sneezing, itching and watery eyes and visit your garden without fear.

The most important thing is to assess in advance, when selecting plants, the degree of allergenicity of each and correctly place them in the garden. Best option- always have at hand a list of the most allergenic plants, keep a diary where you will note abnormal reactions to contact with plants, and take a test for allergic reactions to pollen of the main garden crops. Study the dust calendar of garden plants: in April and May poplars, willows, hazel, oak, elm and birch are active, in May and June - linden, white acacia, cereals, nettles, rye, linden, elderberry, sorrel, and until August and September, the main sources of allergens are plantains, mushrooms, fescue and goldenrod. Knowing your body and possible sources of risk is the basis correct design allergy-safe garden, but without reinforcement active actions Mere study will not be enough.

The selection of safe plants must be complemented by planning and care. The first step is to plan your garden arrangements, keeping in mind that direct contact with allergens should be kept to a minimum. The most problematic cultures that cause you or loved ones severe reaction, replace with more safe types and varieties, and try to plant those plants that you cannot refuse, away from paths and resting places, moving them to the middle or to the background of flower beds of all types. In addition, do not arrange recreation areas, even if we're talking about about the simplest corner with a bench, near compost pits, heaps and bins or very dense hedges, including trimmed ones. It is generally better to replace massive hedges with vines on wooden trellises, which rarely cause allergic reactions (all types of grapes, akebia, Eccremocarpus roughus, Thunbergia winged, nasturtium are safe, while clematis, honeysuckle, hops, morning glory, ivy, wisteria, sweet pea and jasmine it’s better to refuse), but compost heaps even in the farthest corners need to be covered.

The main sources of allergens are weeds in the garden. To reduce contact with them to a minimum, do not leave a single piece of empty space: use decorative mulch, scatter gravel, lay out rocky groups and boldly plant harmless ground covers that will prevent wild herbs from spreading and growing.

If you are allergic to at least some plant from the class of cereals, you should avoid growing a lawn altogether, replacing it with safer and better non-flowering ground covers and creeping crops. The most spectacular alternative to lawns is rocky rockeries, flat rock gardens in which large boulders are placed in picturesque groups. On flowering lawns, if you absolutely cannot refuse them, walk only in long trousers and try to use neutral, more delicate flowers. If you do have a lawn, try not to mow it, entrusting this procedure to other people: during mowing, pollen, including that of other plants, rises into the air.

Some of the most annoying allergenic plants are representatives of trees and shrubs. Even the much-loved and seemingly safe willow, which produces fluffy “cats” and catkins as early as March, can cause a serious runny nose or provoke asthmatic attacks, so if you are prone to these diseases, it is better to avoid growing willows. Often sources of allergies include birch, elderberry, walnut, beech, lilac, dogwood, bean, poplar, maple, privet and hazel. Even beautiful roses, garden queens, can become a source serious complications if you are allergic to their scent. But this does not mean at all that you need to abandon roses on your site altogether: in order to prevent the disease, it is enough to choose non-fragrant or weak-smelling varieties and be extremely careful when cutting, avoiding pricks from thorns. Japanese quince, meadowsweet, Weigela flowering, aucuba, serviceberry, pyracantha, scumpia, kelreuteria, ornamental pears and cherries, viburnum, forsythia, hydrangea, photinia are considered safe.

If we are talking about familiar flowerbed plants, then being afraid first of all of exotics is far from the right approach. The most dangerous are ancient and long-familiar plants, which often contain highly allergenic substances in their pollen. Thus, one of the most aggressive “sources” of hay fever is the simple and much-loved garden cornflower, an impressive and bright ultramarine representative of the Asteraceae. In addition to cornflowers, it is better to avoid such crops as aconite, hellebore, asters, chrysanthemums, heleniums, marsh marigold, yarrow, buttercups, all cereals, Echinaceae, rudbeckias, annual pelargoniums, ageratum, sunflowers, marigolds, foxgloves, calendula, daisies and gilly leaves. . Non-allergenic perennials include speedwell, peonies, daylilies, soft mantle, St. John's wort, catnip, kniphofia, mullein, astrantia, calceolaria, coleus, astilbe, aquilegia, delphiniums, phlox, perennial geraniums, oriental poppies, sparkling sage, blue cyanosis and gravilate. With the exception of rare anomalies, you can safely use such annuals in garden design as hatma, pansies, lobelia, snapdragons, verbena, impatiens, coleus, calceolaria, forget-me-nots, nolana, nemesia, self-seeding poppies and petunias.

Allergy sufferers, especially when it comes to your children, should not forget about organizational issues: work and play in the garden for people prone to allergic reactions You only need to wear clothes with long sleeves and trousers and only closed shoes. At the same time, you can only walk in such clothes in the garden: wearing “anti-allergy” clothes into the house, if you do not want pollen to get inside, it is better not to enter. In the garden, allergy sufferers must have free access to clean water: Wash your face and wash your hands as often as you can, especially after touching plants. Working in the garden, including caring for beds and plants, can only be done with gloves, and it is better to use equipment with long handles, which reduce contact with the plant. Choose the most safe time day - noon and a few hours after it (of course, not under the scorching sun and on a non-hot day), because it is during such periods that the pollen concentration is the lowest. But before and after heavy rains and especially thunderstorms, try not to leave the house at all. Avoid any contact with chemicals, including plant protection products.