What dose is lethal for humans. Lethal dose of coffee

Not all of us know that consuming some of our usual foods can be fatal to humans. These include: alcohol, caffeine, salt and even water. It is important to observe moderation in everything. It would seem that the human body should have time to adapt to everything over the course of a lifetime, but this is far from the case. One of the most harmful substances which most people in huge quantities eat every day, without knowing it, is salt.

We are all used to hearing about salt every day, but rarely have any of us thought about what it is, what benefits or harm this substance carries.

Some with full confidence claim that there is a certain lethal dose of salt for humans. It's worth looking into this issue. (or the type that a person is used to using in food) is a natural mineral substance. Its first extraction was carried out many centuries ago. From the chemical content we can say that table salt- This is sodium chloride in the form of crystals. It includes 60.6% chlorine and 39.4% sodium. Salt dissolves perfectly in water. Despite the fact that many are inclined to believe that a lethal dose of salt does exist, it is primarily in in moderation, is the basis of human life.

Properties and functions of salt

Salt, which is familiar to us, is the most important food additive for humans. It is usually sold in ground form. It happens that table salt contains some additives that can only change its color and taste, but not its basic properties.

Other names for salt: table salt, rock salt, table salt. Or a chemical name like sodium chloride. In modern production they began to prepare salt with various additives: iodine, fluorine, magnesium, calcium and others. Many housewives will note one more thing useful property- use of salt in canning. Thanks to this, vegetables and fruits can be stored in jars long time and delight us with its taste and benefits on cold winter evenings. Despite the fact that there is an opinion about the version that there is a lethal dose of salt for a person, the substances contained in it are vital for the body. For example, sodium in salt constantly maintains the right level osmotic pressure, acid-base balance, water-salt metabolism human body. Thanks to the optimal sodium content, the heart muscles, intestines and kidneys work well, nerve endings. Chlorine is also important for the body: it breaks down fats, removes urea, supports the functioning of the central nervous and reproductive systems, and has positive influence on bone tissue.

The benefits of salt for the human body

It is important to know that salt is not formed in the human body. It must come there in the required quantity from external sources. Salt is completely absorbed into small intestine, and is derived using sweat glands, intestines and kidneys. Here it will be relevant to talk about a person, which can easily occur with excessive loss of water (diarrhea or vomiting). In this case, it is even possible. Therefore, with such a diagnosis, it is urgent to compensate for the lost balance of water and the salt it contains. Of course, there is a lethal dose of salt for humans, but moderate amounts consumed in food are the main source of chlorine and sodium in the body. If these substances are in organs and systems human body becomes insufficient, he develops following symptoms: general weakness, tachycardia, low blood pressure, involuntary muscle contraction, etc.

Is salt used in medicine?

While humanity is “puzzled” over the question of what is a lethal dose of salt, it is perfectly used for the treatment and prevention of numerous diseases.

For example, colds the nose can be cured by rinsing it with a solution sodium chloride. This not only helps to moisturize its mucous membrane, but also kills numerous viruses and bacteria that have settled in it. Salt water enemas help a person cope with constipation by forcing the intestines to work. In general, table salt stimulates the gastrointestinal tract, improving digestion by increasing the production of gastric acid.

Types of table salt

The modern food industry has begun to supply markets with brands and types of salt unknown to us. Its cost is sometimes significantly inflated. Is it justified, is such salt useful? And how much can you eat? A lethal dose of salt, no matter what its appearance, still exists, so you shouldn’t get too carried away.

According to the extraction method, there are several types of salt:

evaporation: extracted from the subsoil, then water is evaporated from it;
stone: mined in special quarries using appropriate equipment;
self-precipitating: such salt precipitates on its own, all that remains is to collect it;
cage: evaporated naturally at the bottom of salt lakes.

If we talk about types of salt based artificial additives to it or special treatments, then they distinguish:

dietary - has a fairly specific taste;
“Thursday”, “Papuan”, Himalayan, and many others.

Should food be salted?

There is an opinion that three tablespoons of salt is a lethal dose for a person, capable of causing irreversible processes in his body. It cannot be said that if you consume such a quantity of this product, you can die, but it is easy to harm the body, and quite seriously. And to avoid such disastrous consequences, you need to know normal dose salt for him.

It is generally accepted that this is 1 teaspoon of salt per day (this is approximately 11 grams of sodium chloride). In those countries where the climate is much hotter and less humid, sweating among local residents is increased, and the need for a daily dose of salt increases significantly, almost 2 times (25-30 grams per day). Well, now think about how much it really is table salt per day you use specifically. Most likely, this figure is significantly higher than normal, and it can even be referred to as a lethal dose of salt, provided that you suffer from any diseases for which this product is contraindicated. In other words, the person in this case is simply slowly killing himself. By the way, the calorie content of salt is reduced, it is close to zero.

Children's body and salt. Pregnancy and salt

We have already found out that salt is necessary for the human body. She participates in it metabolic processes and vital functions.

Therefore, both the child and the pregnant woman need sufficient quantity salt. But there are some small clarifications here:

With established breastfeeding The baby receives the right amount of salt with mother's milk along with other nutrients and vitamins. Therefore, it is not necessary to add salt to the first complementary food. Of course, as the child grows and the need for minerals Salt should be added to his food, but in moderation.
Pregnancy is special condition, in which the body is responsible for the growth and development of the baby for nine months. Therefore, the need for salt in women is interesting position increases significantly. Of course, you need to know the limits, i.e., if edema occurs, reduce the amount of sodium chloride consumed. But also completely exclude from your daily diet salt is strictly prohibited for pregnant women.
The lethal dose of table salt for babies and expectant mothers is somewhat different, but it exists, so do not give your child a lot of sodium chloride, as an immature body may not be able to cope with its elimination.

What amount of salt is harmful for an adult?

Scientists and doctors around the world have been asking this question for many years, trying to find the most accurate answer to it. So, let's discuss how many tablespoons of salt is a lethal dose for one person? After all, we use it per day large quantities. Still, it is customary to talk about grams of salt, which can harm the human body, and they amount to 3 g/kg of weight. That is, if the average person eats a quarter of a pack of table salt (250 g), he will die. Yes, that's true. Especially if he did not consume the proper amount of fluid. And he ate it in one sitting. The pressure will immediately increase, swelling will appear, swelling of the lungs and brain will occur, in short, death provided for you.

Salt poisoning

Of course, in this case we are talking about a daily violation in the amount of sodium chloride consumed. People say that 3 tablespoons of salt is a lethal dose. But is this true? It is difficult to apply this norm to each specific person, because we all have different weight and the growth, and the distribution of all substances used in the body of an individual person is different.

Therefore, scientists are inclined to believe that the lethal dose of salt for humans is 3 g/kg of body weight. These standards were obtained by conducting the necessary experiments on rats. Of course, it is difficult to compare animals and humans. Usually the first of them are much more easily poisoned by salt, since they do not drink the proper amount of water per day. This only worsens the current situation that is detrimental to their body. How to understand what happens in our body when excess salt gets there? Immediately the blood pressure rises sharply due to changes in blood composition. The man feels very bad. Dehydration occurs and work is disrupted nervous system. The result of these irreversible consequences: death of the human body due to insufficient intake into its tissues and organs required quantity oxygen.

Salt is a life-threatening habit

It turns out that the statement “3 tablespoons of salt is a lethal dose” is not entirely true. Therefore, you must calculate this amount specifically for yourself, based on your weight: 3 g per 1 kg of person’s weight. Get used to eating salt in moderation, and then overweight, swelling, increased blood pressure you will never be disturbed.

Remember that in any business it is important to know when to stop. This also applies to the use of salt. It is very important for your body, one might say vital. But its excessive use can ultimately destroy a person.

IN modern life It is very important to know when to stop. This was very well expressed by the founder of modern pharmacology, Paracelsus, in his quote “Everything is poison, everything is medicine, both are determined by the dose.” Every substance in the world has its own lethal dose.

Lethal dose of alcohol

Alcohol is, of course, not a vital product, but many people use it quite often, with or without reason. A lethal dose of alcohol for a person is 6-12 grams of alcohol per kilogram of body weight. To make it clear, these are three liter bottles in one, but your own body can save you by dumping toxic substances (vomiting, diarrhea, etc.). But there are funny cases, such as in 2004 in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv, a man was hit by a car, and 9.4 ppm of ethanol was found in his blood (the lethal dose is considered 6 ppm). Here’s the paradox: he was hit by a car and had a lethal dose of alcohol in his blood, but he recovers in a couple of days.

Lethal dose of vitamins

All vitamins can be fatal to humans if consumed in large quantities. Lack and excess of certain vitamins are equally harmful to the body. For example, vitamin A deficiency will lead to increased hair loss, and hypervitaminosis will lead to poisoning. Daily doses of any vitamins mandatory indicated on the packages.

Lethal dose sunlight

For several years now, there has been a trend of abnormal heat in the world; even in the north, people are aware of how dangerous the Sun can be. Even in the last century they thought that the more you were in the Sun, the better. But it has already been proven that excessive exposure to the Sun leads to skin defects, decreased sexual function, and development of oncological diseases and death. Lethal dose in the sun for 8 hours.

Lethal dose of nicotine

You think nicotine is found only in tobacco, you are deeply mistaken, it is found in tomatoes, potatoes, bell peppers and eggplants. But the concentration in products is absolutely not harmful to humans, so don’t worry.

Nicotine is a very strong poison. The lethal dose of nicotine for a person is 0.5-1 mg per kilogram of weight, which was clearer, this is about 100 cigarettes at a time.

Lethal dose of table salt

No living creature can live without salt. Our daily norm salt is only 1.5-4 g. If you do not consume salt, the muscles will begin to die, the functioning of the stomach and heart will be disrupted, as well as the psyche will be disrupted and there will be constant depression. Complete absence salt in the diet will kill a person in 10 days.

Excess salt is also very dangerous. The lethal dose of salt for a person is 250 g. Death will be very painful, as there will be a lot of swelling.

Lethal dose of caffeine

Caffeine is found in coffee, tea, energy drinks and cola. In small amounts, caffeine causes a feeling of vigor and a surge of energy, although after 3 hours this is all replaced by lethargy and fatigue. A lethal dose of caffeine would be 10 grams, which translates to 4.5 liters of coffee.

Lethal dose of water

Water is life. Everyone knows this! Nevertheless, it can be poisoned, even if it comes from a spring. Too much water leads to overhydration - this is a disruption of all body functions and further death. To achieve this you need to drink more than 7 liters of water per day. Of course, water poisoning is very rare, but it does happen. So in 1995, schoolgirl Lee Bett drank Ecstasy on her birthday, and then 7 liters of water and died 4 hours later.

In 2004, in Springville, USA, a mother forced her 5-year-old daughter to drink 5 liters of water as punishment. The result is a mother in prison, a child dead.

January 2007, the radio station KDND in Sacramento, USA holds a competition called “Don’t pee - get game console" One participant drank 7.5 liters of water and died two hours later, and the girl who won the competition remained disabled for life. Lawsuits filed against the radio station

Sleep disorders affect any person, regardless of age. The reasons are different: stress at work or at home, poor performance at school, unhappy love or upcoming life changes. Problems accumulate during the day and in the evening they deprive you of sleep. And then comes the turn sedatives. Let's figure out what is the lethal dose of sleeping pills for a person in tablets, why it is better not to buy medications without a prescription, and whether there is effective medicine without addiction.

As scary as it is to realize, even the popular “No-shpa” can lead to death. An overdose of any medicine has dangerous consequences. That is why all pharmacists and doctors strongly advise keeping any medications away from children and carefully reading the instructions.

Drugs sold without a prescription, but which pose a direct threat to life in case of overdose - all sleep medications containing active substances: doxylamine succinate, phenobarbital, barbiturates, benzodiazepine. These may be medications:

"Diphenhydramine";
"Suprastin";
"Diazepam";
"Clonazepam";
"ReSlip."

This list may include many other harmless remedies for allergies and colds, as well as tranquilizers. If you take them incorrectly, a person may simply not wake up.

Important to know! But an overdose of sleeping pills is not always fatal. Most often, the patient’s receptors for hearing, vision, and movement are blocked - he turns into a “vegetable.”

Overdose of sleeping pills: fatal

Is it even possible to die from sleeping pills or is this a myth? When combined various conditions, negative preconditions – perhaps. People with high blood pressure and diseases are at risk cardiovascular system, with mental lability and central nervous system disorders.

Possible causes of overdose and poisoning

The first reason is an error. An older patient does not always remember exactly how many tablets he took or whether he took them at all. As a result, 2-3 doses are drunk, which entails the risk of death.

What other reasons could there be:

The intentional desire to end troubles in one's life.
Children who find the pills may drink a lot of them.
Poisoning due to the fact that medications are washed down not with water, but with alcohol.
Combination of incompatible drugs.
Bringing a person to murder by poisoning large doses drug.

Attention! It is worth remembering that death can occur even from taking sleeping pills with Aspirin - not every drug interacts with this harmless medicine.

Stages of poisoning and symptoms

Death does not occur immediately; first there is active poisoning of the body, while the person goes through several stages. Each stage is characterized by its own characteristics. Let's look at all the stages and symptoms:

Increased drowsiness is stage I. Symptoms: inhibited reaction, impaired orientation in space, possible diarrhea, vomiting. At this stage, the person is still contactable and can react to external stimuli.
Superficial coma - stage II, called moderate-severe. The patient experiences a loss of connection with the outside world, consciousness is impaired, the person ceases to feel pain, there is no reaction to stimuli, reflexes are depressed. Hypersalivation often occurs, leading to aspiration of saliva into the respiratory tract– the patient will choke and will not be able to ask for help.
Deep coma - Stage III, which is called extremely heavy. Here, an overdose of sleeping pills has the most severe consequences: cerebral edema, damage to cortical structures, absence of all reflexes, respiratory depression, decreased blood pressure, and cardiovascular failure in dynamic progression. If such a patient is not helped, his life is in serious danger.

The last stage is considered terminal - doctors diagnose clinical death, and if the efficiency resuscitation measures is small, then biological death.

List of consequences

Drug overdose does not always lead to death, much more more dangerous consequences, with which a person may have to live further. Let's talk about them in more detail.

So, the consequences of an excessive dose of sleeping pills:

If you take sleeping pills constantly, addiction occurs. And this leads to the following consequences:

Insomnia. The patient gets used to a constant dose of medication and no longer sleeps without it.
Stress arising from lack of night rest. This leads to instability of the psycho-emotional background, which leads to nervous disorders varying degrees gravity.
Aggression. This is a symptom that also develops against the background of insomnia.
Decreased activity and mental skills. A person is faced with the fact that he is unable to do things that he previously handled with ease. This also causes suction negative emotions and leads to dangerous consequences.
Death. IN medical practice There are enough cases when a person taking evening sedative, didn’t wake up the next morning.

Attention! It is necessary to understand that the consequences of excessive use of sleeping pills can be: destruction of blood circulation and death of brain lobes, irreversible changes in the vascular network, life support organs, hypertension, myocardial infarction, strokes and other unpleasant diseases.

Fatal outcome: what should be the dose

So, how many sleeping pills do you need to take to die? It depends on the type of drug, age, individual characteristics patient. For some species, one tablet will work, while for others you will need to take a handful of pills.

Attention! According to statistics, death is possible if you drink a 4-fold dose. Also fatal outcome inevitable when the drug is taken by a person who drinks alcohol. A teenager under 14 years old, a patient over 65 years old with high blood pressure can take the medicine at the indicated dose, but will not get sleep, but death. Child due to an unformed immune response and rapid absorption, old man due to exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases.

Fatal overdose: certain types of drugs

What happens if you drink too much? sleeping pills and are there any drugs that have a fatal effect? Yes. The list of dangerous drugs is quite wide. We list the main types:

"Donormil." A drug with a small list of contraindications. A dose of 10 capsules is considered lethal, but the amount is calculated individually. For some patients, a dose of 3 pills is enough if taken with alcohol.
"Melaxen". A dose that is 4 times higher than the norm is considered high - this is a pack of 10 tablets.
"Phenazepam." The strongest tranquilizer. A dose of 10 mg causes death.
Zoloft. New generation antidepressant. When the dose is exceeded 5-6 times, severe poisoning, and when washed down with alcohol - death.

Easy death from sleeping pills: fact or fiction

Let’s say right away that dying always hurts. Regardless, capsule taken potent remedy which was washed down with alcohol or the drug was taken in a large dose.

Complications are determined only by the type of drug components. In some cases, before death, a person feels suffocated, high blood pressure“gouges” into the temples, profuse vomiting and diarrhea spoil “ beautiful picture» death. Let's add here convulsions, cramps that fetter the body and prevent you from moving, a breakdown of consciousness. Only then does hypnotic sleep occur, leading to coma and then death.

Emergency life saving

If one of your relatives or friends takes dangerous drug, you need to monitor how much the person took the medicine. It is especially important to control the dosage in older people who are prone to forgetfulness. It would be useful to learn the symptoms that indicate that you have taken a lot of the drug.

In any case, without calling the brigade emergency care can't get by. It is important to remember the names of medications and not throw away containers of medications so that doctors can begin detoxification as quickly as possible and minimize the effects of negative effect from poisoning.

First steps at home

While the ambulance is on its way, you should take a number of independent measures. In particular, if a person started using sleeping pills 30 minutes ago and is still conscious, you need to:

give as much water as possible to drink;
induce vomiting;
give sorbents (activated carbon);
pour sweet strong tea or milk.

If a person is unconscious, the algorithm of actions is:

open your mouth and check for pills – large number impossible to swallow immediately;
if there are signs of breathing or heartbeat, place the patient on his side;
vomiting began, you need to make sure that the respiratory organs are not clogged.

In case of cardiac arrest it is necessary indirect massage. You need to know this if there is a seriously ill person in the house, whose treatment is carried out with injections or sleeping pills.

Chances of survival

At timely assistance the result of poisoning may be reversible. It is only important that the right doctor or person who knows what to do is nearby. With all other factors, there is also a chance to survive, however, severe brain damage and internal organs will respond with a series of diseases, mental disorders and other troubles.

Attention! The consequence of sleeping pill poisoning is not always death, most often it is wheelchair, immobility or degradation mental abilities. This is something you need to think about before you eat a handful of pills at a time - not all medications lead to instant death, and more fatal consequences can occur.

Overdose prevention: important rules

In order not to die from sleeping pills, you must carefully study the instructions for use, which describe interactions with other drugs. The rules for preventing a fatal outcome are simple: limit access to medicines to children and elderly people with nervous disorders and clearly control the dose of the drug.

Conclusion

Poisoning with sleeping pills is a serious condition that requires urgent medical care. Every minute is important; damage may not lead to death, but to the development of irreversible complications.

And, of course, you shouldn’t lull yourself to sleep with strong compounds right away. For example, the drug "Persen" has won excellent reviews, has few contraindications and helps with intermittent insomnia. If sleep disturbances are caused by one-time shocks, the day has been hard and you are stuck at work - do not rush to take sleeping pills. There are safe ones homeopathic remedies, herbal teas that will help solve your sleep problem.

In our life, it is very important to observe moderation and proper concentration in everything. This was very accurately expressed by one of the founders of modern pharmacology, Paracelsus (1493 – 1541) in his famous phrase: “Everything is poison, everything is medicine; both are determined by the dose.” Absolutely every substance, even the most irreplaceable and necessary for the continuation of life, has its own lethal dose, which, moreover, is not so great.

Lethal dose of alcohol

Alcohol, of course, is not vital necessary product nutrition, but many people love to use it as such, often completely forgetting about any measure. A single lethal dose for humans ranges from 4 to 12 grams pure alcohol per kilogram of weight. Also, for an adult male, a lethal concentration will be the presence of 5-6 ppm of ethanol in the blood (1 ppm of a substance means that 1 liter of liquid contains 1 ml of this substance). This concentration can be achieved by drinking about 3 bottles of vodka in one sitting (unless, of course, the body’s natural defense does not work in the form of an urgent release of excess toxic substance by all possible ways). But there are also funny cases. For example, in 2004, in a hospital in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv, 9.14 ppm of ethanol was found in the blood of a pedestrian hit by a car. The test was repeated several times, and all the time they obtained a concentration many times higher than the lethal one. The most interesting thing is that the unusual patient soon recovered. Despite its toxicity, ethanol can be used as an antidote for poisoning with other alcohols (for example, methanol or ethylene glycol).

Lethal dose of vitamin

Absolutely all vitamins essential for life are terrible poisons if consumed without measure. Sometimes both deficiency and excess of a particular vitamin lead to very similar external manifestations. For example, vitamin deficiency and hypervitaminosis of vitamin A will have dry, rough skin And increased loss hair. The amounts of vitamins in which they are essential are usually very small, and exceeding these concentrations leads to either acute or chronic poisoning. The doses in which vitamins can be taken must be indicated on the packaging of the drug, because in order to kill or seriously injure yourself, one or two pharmacy packages are enough.

Lethal dose of sunlight

After several years of regularly recurring heatwaves, even northerners know how dangerous the Sun can be. From the beginning of the 20th century until about the 1980s, it was generally accepted that the more time you spent in the sun, the healthier you would be. But now it is already known for sure that excessive exposure to the Sun leads not only to purely external skin defects, but also to such “long-term” consequences as accelerated aging, decreased sexual function and the development of cancer (insufficient exposure to the Sun is also fraught with absolutely the same consequences).

Sunstroke is an extremely dangerous condition, it develops suddenly, and the mortality rate reaches 30%. Therefore, if a person begins to feel unwell while in the open sun, it is better to play it safe and try to go into the shade.

Lethal dose of nicotine

Nicotine is not only found in tobacco. There is quite a lot of it in potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants and green bell peppers. True, the nicotine contained in these plants does not cause harm due to its insufficient concentration.

Nicotine is a powerful poison not only for all warm-blooded animals, but even for insects. Sensitivity to nicotine in different types animals are very different: for example, rats die when receiving 50 mg per kilogram of weight, mice need 5.9 mg, and for humans a dose of 0.5-1 mg per kilogram of weight is lethal (for comparison, the lethal dose of the famous potassium cyanide is 1 .7 mg per kilogram of weight). When smoking, most of the nicotine contained in a cigarette simply burns and turns into a less toxic poison. To kill yourself immediately, rather than gradually, you need to smoke about a hundred cigarettes in one sitting.

Lethal dose of table salt

Without salt, no living creature can live. But daily requirement of this substance is extremely small - only 1.5-4 g. If the body experiences a chronic lack of salt, then bone destruction and muscle death begin, the functioning of the heart and stomach is disrupted, severe depression develops, and others mental illness. A complete lack of salt in food (although this situation rarely occurs) can kill in about 10 days.

Excess salt is no less dangerous than its deficiency. Everyone has known for a long time that “salt is white poison” when there is too much of it. For humans, the lethal dose is a single consumption of about 250 g of salt. Death will be very difficult, since you will have to die from numerous edemas.

Lethal dose of caffeine

Caffeine is found in coffee, tea, cola and many other plants. In small doses, it causes a surge of strength and a feeling of vigor, which, however, after 3-6 hours are replaced by increased fatigue, lethargy and depression. A lethal dose for a person is 10 grams of pure caffeine (provided that all of it enters the blood). That is, in order to be poisoned to death, for example, by good Italian espresso, you will need to not only drink about 4.5 liters of this excellent drink at a time, but also thoroughly absorb all the caffeine it contains.

Lethal dose of water

Water is the basis of life. Everyone knows this. However, you can not only drown in water, you can also get poisoned by it, and it’s absolutely clean, drinking water if you drink too much. If too much water enters the body, a state of hyperhydration occurs, leading to disruption of water-salt metabolism, numerous disorders of all body systems and death. To achieve this state, you need to drink about 7 liters of water during the day.

Water poisoning is rare, but does happen sometimes. For example, victims water poisoning become soldiers after grueling cross-country races in the heat. But there are also funny cases - for example, the English schoolgirl Lee Bett in November 1995, celebrating her 18th birthday, first took Ecstasy, and then drank 7 liters of water in just an hour and a half. Death occurred within 4 hours.

In June 2002, in the American city of Springville, a mother forced her 4-year-old daughter to drink almost 4 liters of water as punishment. The child died and the mother went to prison.

In January 2007, Sacramento, California radio station KDND ran a surprisingly stupid contest called Hold Your Wee for a Wii. One of the participants in this competition, Jennifer Strange, who drank 7.5 liters of water, died before reaching the final. And the winner of the competition (Lucy Davidson) became seriously ill. As a result, relatives filed multimillion-dollar lawsuits against the radio station and won them.

Lethal dose of electricity

There is no need to warn about the dangers of household electricity - almost everyone who uses electrical appliances sooner or later gets the opportunity to own experience learn that electrical discharge can be very unpleasant. Get quite painful blow In our time, you can receive electric shock without even using any devices. This happens especially often in winter, when the air in apartments is dried out by central heating, and sparks fly off clothes and hair with every movement. If the strength of the current passing through the human body exceeds 1mA, then this already causes very discomfort. D.C with a force of 60 mA or an alternating force of 300-500 mA can lead to a malfunction of the heart (or restore the work of a heart that has just stopped).

To kill a person using the electric chair, a voltage of 2700 V and a current of 5 A are used. The voltage is turned on twice for about a minute with a break of 10 seconds. Usually this is enough to kill oneself strong man. But on October 16, 1985, it took 5 such blows to execute William Vendiver.

Lethal dose of mosquitoes

A female mosquito, if left undisturbed, can suck about 5 mg of blood from a person. For a person, a loss of about 2.5 liters of blood is fatal. It turns out that a person can be “eaten to death” by about half a million mosquitoes. But in this case, most likely, death will occur much earlier from a reaction to the mosquito saliva, which they inject during a bite (it is their saliva that causes itching, swelling and other reactions).

In order to die, it is not necessary to be a victim of a murderer or a suicide, it is enough to consume a lethal dose of a substance. Any substance can be dangerous for a person, even water, which it actually consists of.

Alcohol

6-12 grams of alcohol per kilogram of human weight will be quite enough for the heart to stop. For an average man weighing 75 kg. - this is 0.67 liters of pure alcohol or 1.5 liters of vodka. However human body is quite unique and you are more likely to vomit than die.

In 2004, in Bulgaria (the city of Plovdiv), 9.4 ppm of alcohol was found in the blood of a man who was hit by a car. It is believed that 6 ppm is a lethal dose.

Sun

The sun can lead to skin defects, decreased sexual function and the development of other diseases. Bottom line: it is dangerous to stay in the open sun for a long time. So, for example, in order to die, it is enough to stay in the open sun without clothes for 8 hours.

Nicotine

Nicotine is not only in cigarettes, it is also in potatoes, tomatoes and eggplants, but there is not so much of it that it is fatally harmful. The lethal dose for humans is 0.5-1 mg. per 1 kg. weight. For the average person, this is 100 cigarettes at a time.

Without salt we will die, however daily dose- 1.5-4 grams, no more. Without salt, muscles will begin to die and heart function will be disrupted. A person can live absolutely without salt for 10 days. But if you eat 250 grams of salt at a time, the whole body will swell and the person will die - it will be long and painful.

Caffeine

It is found in coffee, tea, energy drinks and cola. Caffeine gives an instant boost of energy, although the body begins to consume it from its reserves, and after 3-4 hours you will be tired and want to sleep. 10 grams of caffeine will kill a person, that's about 4.5 liters of coffee.

In Springville, USA in 2004, a mother forced her daughter to drink 5 liters of water as punishment for some offense. The result is disastrous. And in 2007, radio station KDND (Sacramento, USA) held a campaign under the slogan “Don’t pee - get game console" One participant drank 7.5 liters of water and died 2 hours later. And the winner remained disabled for life. The company was successfully sued.