Christian churches in Tulchin. Tulchin diocese UPTsmoscow Patriarchate of the Nativity Cathedral

Having admired the palace in Tulchin, we dedicated our next visit here to the city. As I already said, the city of Tulchin itself has a very interesting history and architectural objects. So - the city of Tulchin.

Entrance to the capital of the "Kingdom of Potock"

In front of the gate is the Silnitsa River - the cathedral is visible in the distance

Tulchin on Schubert’s map (late 19th century) At the top right is the Suvorov fortification. Above Tulchin is the village of Nestervarka.

When we were there for the first time the city celebrated its 400th anniversary

As we remember, the date of birth of Tulchin is considered to be 1607; when we were here for the first time, the city was just celebrating its 400th anniversary. It's really very modest. But when exactly Nestervar (Tulchin’s first name) was born is not known for certain. Some historical documents do not tell the events of the early 15th century convincingly enough. in a fortified settlement under different names, identical to the name of the modern suburb of Tulchin - the village of Nestervarki. During the renovation of a local Catholic church, workers found ceramic tiles with the numbers 1599 engraved on them, which may indicate the date of construction of one of Tulchin's early buildings. The Catholic Cemetery Church is one of the first buildings in Tulchin, where Count Stanislav Potocki, who died in 1805, was buried. The great history of Tulchin nevertheless began after 1609, when the Polish magnate Valenta Kalinovsky became the owner of the city and moved, probably, the very first center of the settlement from the northern bank of the Solonka River (where the village of Nestervarka is now) closer to the Tulchinka River, and his son Adam, having received Tulchin inherited, around 1630 he built a powerful fortress, a church and a monastery here, in the microdistrict of modern buildings of a shoe factory and secondary school No. 1. From here began the reconstruction of the city in all directions and its glorious history. Even then, a trade route passed through Tulchin in the direction of Lutsk - Podolia - Moldova - Crimea. In 1629, the collectors of the “smoke” tax registered 751 “smoke” in the city, which was the basis for its population to be about 4,000 people. On June 20, 1648, a brutal assault on the fortress by the Cossacks of Bohdan Khmelnytsky began. They wanted to destroy the remnants of the Polish troops located in the Tulchin fortress. Three attacks were repelled and driven back to the borders of the modern village of Kinashev, but the rebels stormed the fortress with such force and fury that the frightened Poles finally agreed to a truce and to the Cossacks’ demands to hand over to them all the Jewish defenders in an amount (according to inaccurate data) of about 2 thousand people who refused to accept the Christian faith. The rebels took possession of the fortress and its treasures, and brutally cut down almost all of the defenders. This event, which thundered throughout Europe for centuries, excited the consciousness of the European community, causing sadness and condemnation. Near the current shoe factory, or secondary school No. 1, there once stood the formidable and majestic walls of the Tulchin fortress.
After the mentioned events and the Haidamachina, the Tulchin land experienced a devastating attack by the Tatars in 1665, and subsequently a large Turkish army in 1672 captured the Podolian cities, including Tulchin, burning them as a sign of revenge for the son of the Turkish Sultan killed in Ladyzhin. The city has been declining for several decades. With the extinction of the Kalinovsky family, Tulchin around 1726 became the property of their relatives - the Potocki, one of the richest and most noble families in Poland, and in 1775 Count Stanislav Felix (Szczęsny) Potocki made Tulchin his family residence, fully satisfying his own ambitions and claims to exceptional greatness and glory. The city begins to flourish and be built, successfully trades and becomes famous. Powerful factories, factories and workshops appear in Tulchin, new breeds of livestock are bred, and the best varieties of fruit and ornamental trees, plants, and flowers are imported.

Palace Street and Tulchinsky Cathedral at the end of it. Then and now.

The Holy Nativity Cathedral in Tulchin was built at the expense of Count Stanislav Pototsky in 1786-1817 as a Catholic Dominican church with monastic cells. It was built by English architects and it was supposed to resemble St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome in miniature. Reminds me?.. The cathedral was built with monastic cells. But already in 1832, after the suppression of the Polish uprising, due to the fact that Podolia finally came out from under Polish influence, it was transferred to the Orthodox department. By the highest order, “unnecessary Catholic monasteries, which did not correspond to their purpose due to both the small number of monks and the lack of means for subsistence,” were closed. One of the compelling reasons for the conversion of Dominican monasteries in Kamenets, Smotrych, Letichev, Vinnitsa, Bar, Tulchin, Sokolts, Tyrov into parish Catholic and sometimes Orthodox churches was the active participation of the Catholic clergy in the Polish uprising in Podolia. In October 1835, the former church was consecrated by His Eminence Kirill, Archbishop of Podolsk and Bratslav into the Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ. This information was inscribed on a copper plate, which was kept in the temple. Later, at the expense of the widow of the actual state councilor Alexander Abaza, a throne was built in the western aisle, which was consecrated in the name of the Holy Trinity on August 20, 1867. In 1872, there were 928 souls of parishioners of both sexes in the Temple.
Divine services were held in the large three-altar church until 1928, when “at the request of the workers of Tulchin,” the church, as a house of worship, was closed and converted into a theater. During the German-Romanian occupation of the city (1941-1944), the building was transferred to the church, but already on September 8, 1945, by resolution of the Executive Committee of the Vinnytsia Regional Council No. 1029, the building of the Nativity Church was given back to the city theater and house of culture, and the church the property was transferred to the Holy Assumption Church. Later, a children's and youth sports school was located in the temple building. The temple began operating again in 1991. In the second chapel, on November 11/24, 2004, a throne was consecrated in honor of the Holy Martyr Tsar Nicholas and all the Royal Martyrs and Passion-Bearers and all the New Martyrs of Russia.
Interestingly, there is a legend according to which Szczesny Potocki traveled to the cathedral in a carriage along... an underground passage! It was dug from the palace to the cathedral.

Interior of the temple

The strategically advantageous geographical location of Tulchin on the map of the Russian Empire led to the deployment of Russian troops in the city on its southwestern borders. In March 1796, the great commander, Field Marshal of Russia Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov(1730-1800), appointed commander-in-chief of the 80,000-strong group of Russian troops in Podolia with headquarters in the city of Tulchin. Here he creates and trains the most powerful army in the world, which was already ready to prevent Napoleon's invasion of Russia. The commander lived in one of the rooms of the outbuilding of the Pototsky palace. All the Pototskys' expensive furniture was removed from the room - Suvorov preferred an extremely simple environment - he slept on a trestle bed covered with straw. It was in Tulchin that Suvorov completed his famous work “The Science of Victory,” the classical provisions of which have served military personnel around the world for centuries. Tulchin sacredly preserves everything that is connected here with Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov: training fortifications, then called “Prazhki” and built by Suvorov’s wonderful heroes who were preparing for future victories, and they also dug wells, planted oak trees, built houses where the commander visited. However, “new trends” have already reached Tulchin. On the website www.tulchin.net.ua you can already read about the rivers of blood that the commander “beloved by Muscovites” adored and so on.
In the center of the city there is a monument to the Generalissimo, and one of the central streets is named after Suvorov; the museums contain a valuable and interesting exhibition of objects, weapons, banners, and clothing of those times.

Here again is the connection with Odessa - our monument Catherine the Great and the Tulchin monument to Suvorov - belong to the same author! B. Edwards created a monument to Suvorov, which was then solemnly erected in 1913 on the Rymnik battlefield in the village of Tyrgul Kukuluy, where Suvorov won his brilliant victory and received the prefix to his surname Suvorov-Rymniksky. However, that monument did not stand for long - the Great War began, the Germans were advancing, and they decided to dismantle the monument and move it to Odessa. Everything was done under the supervision of the sculptor himself, and the equestrian statue of Suvorov lay for almost ten years in the Edwards foundry. Later, the monument was erected near the Odessa Art Museum.
In 1946, at the request of the citizens of the city of Izmail, the monument was transported to Izmail and installed near the remains of the walls of the Turkish fortress conquered by Suvorov, where it stands to this day in the same form in which it was erected in 1913 in Targul Kukuluy. Only the reins of the bridle of the commander’s horse are lost and the bas-reliefs that decorated his base are missing. Some of them are in museums of the Soviet Union.
It was according to the model of our Odessa sculptor Edurds that the monument to Suvorov was cast and erected in Tulchin in 1954.

Suvorov, sitting on a horse, looks straight at the Pototsky palace. He was there..)

Tulchinskaya fire station against the backdrop of the cathedral

In 1797, Suvorov fell out of favor with the new Emperor Paul I was removed from command and sent to his Novgorod estate. Some historical sources claim the fact of Suvorov’s farewell to the soldiers of his beloved Phanagorean regiment in the center of the city of Tulchin, when the commander came out to the soldiers in a simple grenadier uniform with all his awards and addressed moving words of farewell, from which tears appeared in the eyes of the courageous and brave warriors. The soldiers touchingly and lovingly said goodbye to their favorite as a father and friend. The further history of the city was also closely connected with the Russian army. In 1806, the 2nd corps of the cavalry general was stationed in Tulchin Baron K.I. Meyendorff, appointed for the war with the Turks and the occupation of the Moldavian principalities. Meyendorff's adjutant was a handsome and stately 37-year-old lieutenant of the Siversky Dragoon Regiment, a famous writer. When the Russian-Turkish War began, the regiment in which he served was sent to the theater of war; here, throughout the war, Kotlyarevsky kept, on behalf of the regimental superiors, the “Journal of Military Actions” (the manuscript of this “Journal” has reached us), took part in the siege of Bendery and Izmail, and in December 1806 he went, risking his life, to persuade the Budzhak Tatars to peaceful joining Russia. For this feat he was awarded the Order of Anna, 3rd degree; further, during the same war, Kotlyarevsky “distinguished himself by being fearless” during the double siege of the Izmail fortress, for which he was twice honored to receive royal favor. The author of the famous "Aeneid" is now considered a Ukrainian writer, which he probably did not even know about. Immediately after writing the Aeneid, he was elected an honorary member of the Kharkov and then the St. Petersburg associations of lovers of... Russian literature. Kotlyarevsky himself called the first author’s edition of the poem, which by that time was already famous thanks to “pirate” printing, “Virgil’s Aeneid, translated into the Little Russian language by I. Kotlyarevsky.” And the next edition was accompanied by a “Dictionary of Little Russian words contained in the Aeneid.” For his literary and educational activities, Ivan Petrovich received a diamond ring from the “hated regime”, was promoted to the rank of major and elected chairman of the Little Russian noble (and by no means “gentry”, as children are taught) assembly. During the author's lifetime alone, The Aeneid was published 27 times. A copy of the "Aeneid" with the author's inscription was kept by Alexander I. And without an autograph - his less fortunate opponent Napoleon Bonaparte. I wouldn’t write, but when you read modern textbooks, it makes you sick

Count Pyotr Christianovich Wittgenstein.
Portrait by F. Kruger

In 1814-1815, the Second Russian Army, covered with the glory of victories over Napoleon, returned from Europe to Podolia. In 1818 it came under the command of the General of the Infantry Count Pyotr Khristoforovich Wittgenstein with headquarters based in Tulchin. Peter Vitginstein, “Savior of Petersburg” - it was he who defeated Marshal Oudinot in the battle near Klyastitsy, heading towards the Northern capital. Later in 1812 he broke Marshal of Saint-Cyr and then the combined forces of Saint-Cyr and Marshal Victor. Recognizing his victories in the Patriotic War, Alexander I appoints him, after the death of Kutuzov, as commander-in-chief of the entire Russian army. Having been seriously wounded in one of the battles, he left command that same year. In 1818, he took command of the Second Army and came to Tulchin, where he apparently stayed until 1828, when he left for the war with Turkey. In 1826, Nicholas I awarded him the rank of Field Marshal. “During the command of the Second Army, he lived more on his estate, located 70 versts from Tulchin, and was enthusiastically engaged in farming, reluctantly devoting the shortest time to official matters. In general, everyone loved him, and he was ready to do good to everyone, without exception, often even to the detriment of the service,” wrote the adjutant of the chief of staff of the Second Russian Army, the Decembrist Nikolay Basargin
Been to Tulchin and the famous Denis Davydov, hero of 1812. Here's what you can find out about his stay in Tulchin: - "... Denis Vasilyevich has seen a different situation so far only in Tulchin, in the main apartment Pavel Dmitrievich Kiselev.(Chief of Staff of the 2nd Army, friend of Denis Davydov - S.K.)
Here, active, highly educated and possessing extraordinary abilities gathered around the liberal-minded commander, among whom the adjutant of the commander-in-chief, the big-headed Lieutenant Colonel Pestel, who was awarded for the battle of Borodino with a golden sword with the inscription “For Bravery”, attracted attention with his knowledge and other merits; senior adjutant Kiselyov, captain of the quartermaster unit Ivan Grigorievich Burtsov, whom Davydov knew somewhat from St. Petersburg; the handsome, hairy-eyed cavalry captain Ivashev; concentrated and thoughtful, young warrant officer Nikolai Basargin, who recently arrived in the army. Davydov got along with all of them surprisingly quickly. Both frank conversations with them and lively debates were true joy for his soul.
And it was all the more painful for Davydov to return to Kremenchug, where the dull gloom of the fairly disgusted government-paper service fell upon him again. Somehow there were no people close to his beliefs and interests in the 3rd building. " *

* G. Serebryakov. Denis Davydov. MOSCOW, "Young Guard" 1985

Second Army barracks building

The building better known as the Barracks of the 2nd Russian Army in Tulchin. In the well-known 4-volume book “Monuments of Urban Planning and Architecture of the Ukrainian SSR” (edited by Zharikov) it is written that this is the New Potocki Palace, built in 1782. The outbuildings were originally one-story. And previously there was an underground passage from the New Palace to the Old Palace. And it is written that it was here that Suvorov lived. It turns out that Suvorov lived in the Old Palace, and in the New, and in Timanovka... What an eldest, he ripened everywhere. May Alexander Vasilievich forgive me). Who to believe and where did Suvorov live when he was in Tulchin?...
Theoretically, it can be assumed that Szczesny Potocki donated one of his palaces for the needs of the Russian army in order to emphasize his loyalty to Russia. They were rebuilt by captured French soldiers in 1815 into barracks, by order of Alexander I. Therefore, the original layout has not been preserved.

There is a bust of Generalissimo Suvorov in front of the entrance.

Now here is a veterinary (!) technical school...

At the same time, the colonel appears in Tulchin Pavel Pestel. While participating in the Patriotic War, he was wounded near Vilna (1812); upon recovery, he became adjutant to Count Wittgenstein, distinguished himself in the battles of Leipzig, Bar-sur-Aube and Troyes; later, together with Count Wittgenstein, he lived in Tulchin, from where he traveled to Bessarabia to collect information about the indignation of the Greeks against the Turks and for negotiations with the ruler of Moldavia (1821). In 1822, he was transferred as a colonel to the completely disorganized Vyatka infantry regiment and within a year brought it into order. Alexander I himself, examining it in September 1823, said: “excellent, like a guard,” and granted Pestel 3,000 acres of land. But is this the main thing in Pestel? Participating in Masonic lodges since 1816, Pestel was one of the founders of the Union of Salvation, but soon transferred his activities to the Southern Secret Society. Possessing great intelligence, versatile knowledge and the gift of speech (as almost all his contemporaries unanimously testify to), Pestel soon stood at the head of society. In Tulchin, the Tulchin government of the secret society was organized. It was Pestel who was the author of "Russian Truth" - the Decembrist manifesto. When the Decembrist rebellion began, Pestel had a clear plan of action - These days Pestel is meeting with the general Sergei Volkonsky, and they decide that on January 1, 1826 they can begin to act. On this day, the Vyatka regiment was supposed to go on guard at the main apartment in Tulchin. The route to St. Petersburg had already been laid out, food was stocked, and on January 1 it was possible, having arrested the commander and chief of staff of the 2nd Army, to move to St. Petersburg. But Lieutenant General came to Tulchin Alexander Ivanovich Chernyshev, a former intelligence officer in France in 1810-1812, a participant in the Patriotic War, a diplomat who took part in the congresses of the Holy Alliance, and on December 13, Pestel was arrested on the road from the village of Karnosovka to Tulchin. For some time he was kept in the cell of that same Tulchin church - the cathedral.

Portrait of Pavel Pestel
the work of his mother, Elizaveta Ivanovna Pestel May 2, 1813).

Pestel's house in Tulchin. Not preserved

This building, built in 1820, is the Officers' Assembly of the Second Russian Army. It was here that meetings of the Decembrists of the South Russian Society were held. Now there is a local history museum here.

The entrance to the Officers' Assembly is guarded by two cannons.

Sofya Stanislavovna Pototskaya (1801-1875), muse of Alexander Sergeevich

Another place in Tulchin where you can find the Pototsky coat of arms is the house of the personal lawyer of Countess Sofia Pototskaya Svarichevsky

Now there is a children's music school named after M. Leontovich. The composer Leontovich himself worked in this building in 1920.

Directly opposite the house of lawyer Pototskaya is a very nice mansion. Sorry I don’t know whose

Tulchin. Old photo (I don’t know where I got it from))

Tulchin, as I already said, was actively involved in trade. People have accumulated large amounts of capital over the years. Now they have only Dalmatians sitting in their booths on chains. Hollywood is resting))

The rebuilt Catholic cemetery church is one of the first buildings in Tulchin. It was here that Stanisław Szczesny Potocki, who died in 1805, was buried.

Tulchin then belonged Mieczyslaw Potocki(1799-1878), the last owner of Tulchin from this glorious family. However, Mieczysław is hardly one of the glorious representatives of this family. I wrote about the fact that I kicked my mother out of Tulchin, having previously taken all her diamonds, on the page about the Tulchin palace. But its manager was General A.A. Abaza, whose house has been preserved in Tulchin. By the way, the luxurious palace of another Abaza - in Odessa, is now the Museum of Western and Eastern Art. The Abaza family had a daughter - Glykeria - a highly educated and wise woman - the future mother of a Ukrainian writer Mikhail Kotsyubinsky. Later, a commercial school and a men's gymnasium were located in Abaza's house. During the turbulent years of the October Revolution of 1917, there was a revolutionary committee here.
The history of Tulchin as the estate of the Potocki counts ended in 1865, when the estate was transferred to the War Ministry.

House of General Abaza

This is the same house when it was a gymnasium. The inscription on the pediment is “Tulchina men’s gymnasium with rights for students of V.F. Mashkevich”
Photo sent by Vladislav Vigurzhinsky

One of the main architectural attractions of Tulchin is certainly this mansion.

The mansion was built for timber merchant Gliklich in 1912. The photo shows the backyard.

The doors of the mansion are well preserved.

Staircase, high window, gilding...

Inside, oddly enough, the interiors have been preserved in many places. They even treated us to tea and told us about the house.

Assumption Church

Another interesting historical place is the Assumption Church. Built in 1789. Two Russian Emperors visited this church - Alexander I and Nicholas I, Suvorov and the great Pushkin and Kotlyarevsky, the Decembrists and other famous guests of Tulchin visited here.

Church from the courtyard. Below are preserved drains. In church we met who do you think? Of course, from Odessa with Raskidaylovskaya!)

Assumption Church. The photo is obviously from the 60-70s of the twentieth century.

On the territory of the church yard there are two graves - Maria Efimovna Danilova (d. 1873, photo above) and Major General Sergei Grigorievich Davydenkov (d. 1856, bottom photo)

Obelisk in honor of the arrival of the King of Poland Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Don't look for him. There is none.

Despite the funeral, disfigured by Polish nationalists, a monument was even erected to Stanislav Szczesny Pottsky in Tulchin. But you don’t need to look for it either. He's not there either.

Assumption Church

The Assumption Church in the center of Tulchin is a unique relic. This building survived two world wars. There is no damage on it, there is a whole high bell tower and a beautiful figured dome. And in the 20th century, when most churches were converted for economic needs, the Assumption Church remained closed, preserving the painted interior and elegant wall decor.

The church is in the classicist style, brick, cross-shaped in plan with very short branches along the north-south axis, single-domed (the drum and top are wooden). Narrow side rooms adjoin the eastern part on both sides. The interior space is wide thanks to the high-altitude open central part.

The bell tower is located on the north side. The church was built instead of a former wooden one in the middle of the 19th century. Brick, two-tier.

The first tier is square in plan, two-storey with rectangular extensions on both sides (Staircase, gate room) and an arched passage, the upper tier is a narrow octagonal volume crowned with a helmet. The monument is distinguished by its slender pillar-like silhouette. The brick fence was built in 1872.

The history of the temple is closely connected with the history of Tulchin himself. At the end of the 18th century, the famous Count Stanislav Potocki lived in the city, who brought noticeable prosperity to the area. The Assumption Church was built at the expense of this citizen in 1789. For many years, the descendants of the count were directly related to the leadership of the church and appointed clergy according to a special principle. The most important priests and parishioners had the right to be buried in the church yard. According to archival data, there are more than 50 burials here, but only two grave crosses have survived to this day, on which they describe in detail who is buried under them.

The temple is considered one of the main shrines of modern Tulchin. Regular restorations are carried out here and the beauty around the building is maintained. The Assumption Church has the honorary title of an architectural monument, built more than 200 years ago and retaining its original appearance.

Tulchin

Dominican Church

Built around 1780. The structure was rebuilt in 1874.

The church in the style of early classicism is a brick, three-nave, eight-pillar with a semi-circular apse, a single-domed basilica with a transept.

The interior is made in the full Corinthian order. The main vault and arches are coffered (with rosettes). The modeling is distinguished by a high professional level of execution.

Tulchin

Potocki Church

The main attraction of Pechera is the church-mausoleum of the Potocki family. It was erected by order of Konstantin and Yanina Pototsky by the famous architect V.V. Gorodetsky in 1904.

For the construction of the church, Gorodetsky used various natural and artificial materials: granite, sandstone, concrete, oak, and the like. Moldings and decorative stone for cladding are made of cement. The floor of the crypt and the church are covered with Metlakh tiles produced by the Kharkov factory E.E. Bergenheim, the windows were filled with glass blocks from the Falconier company. The doors are made of a more traditional material - they are oak. Above the gate you can see the Potocki coat of arms.

The family crypt is located under the apse of the temple; most of the niches were never used, but some burials, which are covered with marble tombstones, were carried out. The ashes of the founder himself, Count Konstantin Pototsky, were transported by descendants to Poland.

In Soviet times, a club was set up here, and now the church is operating again.

With. Pechera

Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary

It is located on the site of a castle built here in the period 1682–1685. In 1838, brick vestibules, accented by four-column wooden porticoes with triangular pediments, were added to the church from the west, and in 1869 to the central frame from the south.

Wooden, three-frame, three-headed. All log houses are octagonal in plan with a significant inward slope of the walls, covered with hipped domes on octagons with one crease, and crowned with decorative domes. In the interior, the effect of the high-rise opening of the internal space is illusoryly enhanced due to the sharp crease, very narrow side edges of the octagon and the inward slope of the walls. Babinets is connected to the central volume by a two-tier arch-cutout. The top is decorated with alfrey paintings from the 19th century.

Due to the arrangement of masses with a predominance of vertical divisions, a strict silhouette, and perfect proportions, the monument belongs to the characteristic works of the Podolsk school of folk wooden architecture.

In the ensemble with the church, a brick, two-tier, octagonal bell tower was built, which has no completion.

Fragment of the Tulchin map. Around 1815

Currently active Holy Assumption Church built in 1789 at the expense of the landowner, Count Szczęsny-Stanisław Potocki. There is only one throne in it - in the name of the Dormition of the Mother of God. At the church there is a bell tower (previously it was built wooden in half XIX century), there is a fence around the churchstone, on a stone foundation, built in 1872. The temple was not modified either inside or outside. The builder of the church was priest Pavel Golubovsky. About him from 1820 there was a letter from Count Mieczysław Potocki addressed to the then Podolsk Ecclesiastical Consistory. In that letter, the count asked that priest Alexander Yurkevich be appointed instead of priest Pavel Golubovsky, who served at the Holy Assumption Church for 50 years diligently and in peace with everyone, and also worked a lot during the construction of the church itself. This letter was sent in 1893. to the Podolsk Diocesan Ancient Repository.

Since 1823 – 1828 priest Alexander Yurkevich served. Since 1828 – 1830 Grigory Zvenigorodsky. From 1830 – 1834 Ephraim Vitebsky. From 1834 – 1867 Joakim Grepachevsky (relativefamilies of Popov and Vigurzhinsky) about whom the memory has been preserved as a zealous prayer book and a kind person. He lived on what is now Shevchenko Street, died on January 2, 1867 at the age of 67 and was buried near the church.

After his death, his son-in-law John Kokhanovsky served until 1884. Then Dmitry Nikolsky served for 2 years. In Nikolsky's place, Pavel Savluchinsky, a teacher of the law, class inspector and chairman of the Council of the Tulchinsky Women's Diocesan School, candidate of theology, was moved to the post of priest of the Assumption Church. In 1890 Fyodor Dobzhansky, teacher of the Tulchin Theological School, candidate of theology, was ordained a priest of the Holy Assumption Church. Since 1897 The priest of the Vinnitsa Cathedral, Alexey Opokov, was transferred to the Holy Assumption Church.

Photo 1912. Photo 1967.

On the territory of the Holy Dormition Church there were many burial places of priests and significant parishioners. Only two, marble crosses with detailed information, have survived to this day.

Photo from 1955.2007.

During the Soviet era, the temple was closedfor a while, but not destroyed. Priest Dmitry th Alexandrovich Ryzhkovsky in his time" saved " the temple from destruction, namely in the 70s, on the last day before the destruction, “knocked out” a sign about the architectural monument and urgently attached this, at that time inviolable, sign. He also helped a lot in improving the church. Ordered and paid for production at personal expensecopy of Pochaevskayaicons of the Mother of God.

“On the Savior” 1956 from Dmitry. 1975

According to historical data, there were two schools at the Holy Assumption Church: one parish school (since 1887) near the church, and the other a literacy school (since 1896) on the outskirts of Tulchin.

As of 1901, the parishioners numbered 1,230 men and 1,166 women; these were mainly the townspeople of Tulchin, who were engaged in shoemaking and other crafts, selling goods that they themselves produced.

For more than 20 years, the rector of the temple has beenpriest Gregory Kurdiy.In 2003 connected to The temple itself and the Sunday school created in 1999 have gas heating.

Sacrament of Wedding. 07.10.2007

Photo 27 Veresny 2009 r.

The historical significance of monasticism and the regulation of its life by the Church.

Since the 5th century. monasticism becomes an enormous real force in the life of the Church, this in the era of its dogmatic struggle. Everyone knows the role that Abba Dalmatius played in the case of Cyril of Alexandria. Since the time of the so-called “robber Council of Ephesus” in 449, monks, by virtue of a special rescript from Emperor Theodosius II, have received the right of representation at Ecumenical Councils. (At the Council of Ephesus in 449, the first representative was Abba Barsuma). The role played by monks in the history of dogmatic and iconoclastic disputes is one of the main and striking phenomena of those centuries (V-VIII centuries). It is enough to mention such bright personalities as Maximus the Confessor, John of Damascus, Theodore the Studite to feel full respect for this great, morally strong institution.

However, the enormous power of monasticism, which appeared poorly disciplined, almost spontaneous / True, even Basil the Great, and before Pachomius, organized monasticism. But his relationship with the outside world still remained unaffected, alarming the highest representatives of the Church. That is why the Council of Chalcedon in 451 paid strict attention to the monks and in 4 canons (4, 8, 23 and 24) tried to regulate their life. According to the meaning of these canons, monasteries and all monks in general were subordinate to the bishop of a given region. No monastery could be built without episcopal permission. Slaves were not supposed to become monks without the permission of their master, etc. In connection with the Councils of Chalcedon, Emperor Justinian I (527-565) issued laws on monasteries. He tried to introduce the institution of monasticism into the state body and coordinate it with all other parts and branches of state life. Subsequently, at the end of the 7th century, the Council of Trullo considered it necessary to once again establish new canons - 40-49 and 35 - regarding the life of monastics. Then, at the end of the 8th century. The VIIth Ecumenical Council again issued several rules on monasticism, 2, 17-11. It is also necessary to mention the “Studic Decrees” - Constitudones Studitanae (Migne. Patr. r. t. XCI a), which, although not written by the hand of Theodore of Studi, are traced back to him. In addition, in the ancient period of church history we encounter the monastic question at the double Council of 861, pr. 1-7. Finally, the history of ancient monasticism and its development includes a novella of 964, published by Nikephoros Phocas (963-969), which established barriers to the excessive multiplication of monasteries and the increase in monastic possessions. This instruction was canceled by the novella of Vasily II Bolgarokton in 988.

From the book History of England in the Middle Ages author Shtokmar Valentina Vladimirovna

Historical Significance of the Charter The Magna Carta was mainly intended to limit the power of the king in the interests of the feudal barony. To the extent that the rebel barons needed the support of knights and townspeople, the charter reflects both the interests of knights and

From the book Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. From Constantine the Great to Gregory the Great (311 - 590 AD) by Schaff Philip

author Svetlov Roman Viktorovich

MILITARY AND HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE After his crushing defeat at the Battle of Red Cliffs, the main dramatic events of which actually took place at Crow Forest, Cao Cao did not immediately recover. He believed that his defeat was just a coincidence