Doctor allergist-immunologist: who is he, what does a specialist doctor treat and in what cases is it necessary to consult a specialist. What does an immunologist do: specialized diseases and examination methods Which doctor treats the immune system

The immune system is very important for humans because it protects the body from various diseases. But sometimes it is she who needs protection, especially when the immune system is weakened and does not do its job well. Any disturbances in the functioning of the immune system must be promptly identified and treated so that the unprotected body does not fall under the influence of dangerous diseases.

Profession doctor immunologist

An immunologist deals with diseases of the immune system, their diagnosis and prevention. If the protective system is malfunctioning, you should contact a specialist to find out the cause of the disease and eliminate it without waiting for complications to develop. The first warning sign of problems with immunity are frequent illnesses, primarily colds, infectious diseases, disorders, and more.

In addition to disorders of the body's defense system, an immunologist deals with allergic reactions and treatment of patients with immunodeficiency. The doctor also diagnoses and treats autoimmune diseases. In addition to treatment, an immunologist is directly involved in the development of vaccines, inoculations, and also carries out preventive measures among the population to strengthen the immune system.

Diseases that an immunologist specializes in

The human defense system is closely connected with many organs, and any disruptions in its functioning negatively affect the general state of health. The competence of an immunologist includes the following groups of diseases:

Various types of allergic reactions (to insect bites, food, pollen or medications).
Diseases of unknown origin.
Disorders of the genitourinary system.
Fungal diseases.
Infectious diseases that develop against the background of hepatitis, HIV or AIDS.
Purulent diseases that often recur.
Neoplasms of a benign nature that can degenerate into malignant (cancer).
Frequent viral diseases.
Chronic itching of the skin.
Conjunctivitis.

In what cases should you contact an immunologist?

A consultation with an immunologist is necessary if you often suffer from colds, your general health has deteriorated significantly, and other specialists (therapist or doctor of another profile) cannot establish an accurate diagnosis and, accordingly, select treatment. It is imperative to consult an immunologist if the following symptoms appear:

Unreasonable slight increase in body temperature, which is observed throughout the week.
Fatigue, general weakness of the body.
Skin rashes, itching sensation.
Constant drowsiness or, conversely, insomnia, which torments for quite a long time.
Frequent colds that are protracted.
Often purulent diseases of the nasopharynx, oral cavity are observed, or herpes appears.
Disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract (constipation or disorders, nausea, vomiting).
Significant deviations in all indicators in the general blood test (it does not matter whether all data are increased or decreased).
Lack of proper body response to taking antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral drugs.

Diagnostic methods used by an immunologist

In order for the doctor to be able to accurately establish the diagnosis that provoked the disruption of the protective system, he prescribes the following tests and diagnostic methods:

Conducting general tests and special biochemical tests, which are carried out in specialized laboratories. Depending on the manifestation of signs, the immunologist can prescribe tests for the presence of autoimmunological diseases, rheumatoid tests, diagnosis of celiac disease, and general indicators of immunity.
Carrying out tests for allergens (this way you can identify the presence of an allergic reaction to a specific group of food products, household chemicals, pollen, etc.).
Conducting a stool test for dysbacteriosis.
Study of interferon and immune status.
Taking scrapings from the tongue, ear canal and tonsils to determine fungal mycelium.
Carrying out an electrocardiogram, measuring pulse rate, heart contractions; blood pressure measurement. Additionally, ultrasound, x-rays and other diagnostic procedures may be performed that the immunologist deems necessary.

In modern conditions, which are not very favorable for a healthy human life, special attention should be paid to the immune system and general health. The body's defense is affected by unfavorable environmental conditions, consumption of often low-quality food, fast food products, and frequent nervous stress and anxiety. In order to keep the immune system as healthy as possible, you need to follow some recommendations from an immunologist:

Lead the healthiest lifestyle possible, exercise regularly, give up bad habits.
Review your diet and make it as beneficial as possible for the body.
Avoid stressful situations, nervous disorders and worries.
Make sure you get adequate sleep, at least eight hours a day.
Ensure that the body receives the necessary vitamins and microelements. If it is not possible to replenish the supply naturally (through food), you should contact a specialist who will prescribe the most effective vitamin complex suitable for the individual patient.
Carry out vaccinations and vaccinations that will help develop immunity against very dangerous diseases.

Due to the constant mutation of viruses, changes in the environmental situation, and the use of a large number of allergens in everyday life, people have become more susceptible to the development of various diseases (including diseases of the upper respiratory tract), as well as the occurrence of allergic manifestations.

Under such conditions, the immune system of the human body is not always able to cope with its defense.

An immunologist deals with the problems of the immune system.

Immunology is the science that studies the possible reaction of the human body's immune system to contact with an allergen, various viruses and pathogenic microorganisms. She also studies the mechanisms and causes of the development of this reaction, its stages, course and final result.

This science is constantly and quite rapidly developing, so its fundamentals are subject to change.

What does an immunologist do?

Symptoms that should alert a person and force him to see an immunologist include:

causeless increase in body temperature to subfebrile, which does not go away for more than 7 days;
chronic migraines;
constant fatigue, weakness, fatigue, a feeling of aches throughout the body and chronic general malaise;
sleep disorders that develop for no apparent reason;
long-term, frequently recurring colds and viral diseases (more than 4 times a year);
recurrent purulent diseases of the nasopharynx, skin, and oral cavity;
dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
changed indicators of the general blood test (all indicators are either significantly reduced or increased);
severe allergic diseases;
the body's immunity to the effects of antibacterial, antiviral and fungicidal drugs.

Important! It must be remembered that earlier contact with an immunologist will help make the correct diagnosis and select adequate treatment. Self-medication in such cases is unacceptable; it can harm your own health.

Diagnostic methods used in immunology

Most often, the doctor himself will prescribe the necessary laboratory and instrumental tests, but if there are recent results of urine, stool and blood tests for HIV infection, they can be taken for consultation.

Laboratory research methods

There are more than 170 such methods and they can be divided into several groups:

Determining the indicators of the body’s general immune defense, determining the causes of the disease - a comprehensive study of interferon and immune status; general blood tests; cytology of scrapings from the tongue, tonsils, mucous membranes; serological and bacteriological blood tests.
Autoimmunological and rheumatoid studies - these include studies of venous blood for the content of various autoantibodies and antigens, gangliosides, histones, as well as liver and myositis profiles, rheumatological tests.
Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome and celiac disease - determination of dysbiosis by stool examination, blood test for peptide content, tissue transaminase and screening for celiac disease.
Allergy testing - these include prick and patch tests, blood tests, provocative tests (conjunctival, nasal), allergometric titration.

Instrumental studies

Such diagnostic methods include spirometry for asthma, determination of general indicators of heart rate and respiratory movements, auscultation, percussion, ultrasound, computed tomography, X-ray diagnostics, tissue biopsy.

An immunologist treats patients with frequent colds and infectious diseases, immunodeficiency conditions, and the presence of a variety of allergic reactions. In addition, immunologists are involved in the prevention of these diseases and take part in the development of various vaccines.

The field of activity of an immunologist includes not only the immune system, but also lymph nodes and blood vessels.

What does an immunologist treat?

An immunologist treats allergic diseases:

Seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis (hay fever), in which an immediate allergic reaction occurs as a result of allergens entering the nasal mucosa. As a result of inflammation of the mucous membrane, it swells, and the patient begins to have a runny nose, sneezing and itching. With seasonal rhinitis, the attack lasts several hours after contact with the allergen, and with year-round rhinitis, it lasts several days. An allergen can be plant pollen, dust, animal fur, etc.
Allergic conjunctivitis, characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane that covers the white part of the eye). In most cases, allergic conjunctivitis is associated with allergic rhinitis (the allergen enters the body through the nose).
Bronchial asthma, which occurs against the background of narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi (obstruction). This inflammatory disease is chronic and is manifested by episodic shortness of breath, wheezing and a feeling of chest congestion, as well as cough. Bronchial obstruction develops under the influence of specific immunological (allergy and sensitization) and nonspecific mechanisms.
The asthmatic triad, which is a combination of bronchial asthma, recurrent polypous rhinosinusitis and intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid and pyrazolone drugs. Bronchospasm, which in this pathology is not associated with immunological mechanisms, is caused by taking acetylsalicylic acid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, mixtures containing acetylsalicylic acid or analgin, as well as by eating food containing tartrazine (yellow food coloring E102, chemical structure similar to aspirin ). Tartrazine may be included in tablets (no-spa, tavegil, etc.).
Acute and chronic recurrent urticaria. In the acute form of the disease, which occurs when allergens enter the body, an itchy, nettle-like rash suddenly appears. Elements of the rash of different sizes are located mainly on the body and extremities (possible damage to the mucous membranes), and can merge into large spots. There is general malaise, possible fever, chills, and gastrointestinal disorders. The rash in most cases lasts no more than 2 hours. In the chronic form of the disease, which develops as a result of prolonged sensitization and the presence in the body of foci of chronic infection or pathology of internal organs, the rashes are less abundant and are observed in different parts of the body. General weakness, headache and fever, and joint pain may be present. If mucosal lesions are present, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea occur. The rash is accompanied by painful itching.
Quincke's edema (giant urticaria or angioedema). With this disease, limited swelling of the skin or swelling of the mucous and subcutaneous fatty tissue suddenly develops, the skin in the affected areas becomes white (sometimes pink) and tightly elastic. In most cases there are no subjective sensations, sometimes itching is possible. With swelling of the larynx, stenosis is often observed, and asphyxia is possible. The swelling, which is usually of an allergic nature, lasts for several hours or days, and relapse is possible.
Food allergies, which in most cases are an allergic reaction to protein and less often to fats and carbohydrates. With a true food allergy, which is usually a hereditary pathology, the immune system perceives a protein that does not pose a threat to the body as an infectious agent (if the immune system is not involved in the process, we are talking about food intolerance).
Cold allergy is the body's response to exposure to cold temperatures. When exposed to cold air, some people release histamine, which causes the same reaction as exposure to an allergen. In patients, blood vessels dilate, swelling develops, and there is redness and itching of the skin in the affected areas.
Drug (drug) allergy, which is a reaction of the immune system to certain drugs or substances included in these drugs. Occurs only when reintroduced into the body. An allergic reaction can be acute (appears immediately after taking the drug), subacute (appears within 24 hours after taking the drug) and delayed (appears several days later). May be accompanied by allergic vasculitis, arthralgia, polyarthritis, lymphadenopathy, nephritis and allergic hepatitis.

The immunologist also treats:

Allergic manifestations to insect bites (an allergic reaction is most often caused by wasps, bees and other stinging insects, and less often by blood-sucking insects).
Contact allergic dermatitis, which manifests itself as damage to the skin due to direct contact of the skin with the allergen.
Toxic-allergic reactions, which are a systemic reaction of the body to exposure to an allergic or toxic factor. The mechanisms of development can be immune or non-immune, the clinical picture resembles allergic urticaria, erythema multiforme or.
Serum sickness, which is a reaction of the immune system to the introduction of foreign proteins that are part of tetanus serum and other vaccines.

In addition to allergic diseases, an immunologist treats:

chronic skin itching (observed for more than 6 weeks), which accompanies skin and systemic diseases;
atopic dermatitis - chronic dermatitis of an allergic nature, observed in individuals with a genetic predisposition to the synthesis of specific antibodies;
seborrheic dermatitis - inflammation of areas of the skin in areas where the sebaceous glands are located as a result of excessive colonization of the fungus malassezia furfur.;
chronic eczema of the hands and feet;
furunculosis and other recurrent skin diseases of a pustular nature;
dysbacteriosis of the oral mucosa, intestines and genital organs, which manifests itself in the form of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, recurrent colpitis or balanoposthitis.

An immunologist also treats:

attacks of suffocation and prolonged chronic cough for no apparent reason;
frequent (more than 4-6 times a year) bacterial and viral infections;
chronic obstructive bronchitis;
chronic recurrent diseases of the ENT organs (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis and otitis);
chronic recurrent herpesvirus infection (herpes simplex virus types I and II, herpes zoster, CMV, Epstein-Barr virus, herpesvirus types VI and VII);
lymphadenitis and lymphadenopathy of unknown origin;
fever and low-grade fever of unknown etiology;
chronic fatigue syndrome.

An immunologist also deals with the treatment of secondary immunodeficiency, which is caused by chronic viral hepatitis B and, lichen planus, recurrent urogenital papillomatosis and other chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Similar diseases in children are treated by a pediatric immunologist.

In what cases is it necessary to contact an immunologist?

Consultation with an immunologist is necessary if the patient has:

runny nose (rhinitis) not associated with infectious diseases;
dermatitis, which occurs after eating certain foods and is accompanied by rash and itching;
discomfort in the mouth or throat, which is accompanied by swelling, asthma attacks, vomiting or diarrhea, as well as skin rashes;
symptoms reminiscent of acute respiratory viral infection, but not associated with an infectious disease;
prolonged enlargement of lymph nodes;
regular acute respiratory viral infections, bronchitis, rhinitis, tonsillitis, and chronic diseases often worsen.

A pediatric immunologist is a doctor who identifies the cause of a child’s immune system disorder and selects methods for correcting immunity on an individual basis.

You should contact a pediatric immunologist if your child has:

there are long-term infectious diseases that become chronic and accompanied by complications that do not respond to conventional treatment;
recurrent aphthous stomatitis is observed;
toxoplasmosis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus infection or fungal infections were detected;
allergic reactions are present;
lymph nodes are enlarged for a long time;
periodic rises in temperature are often observed or the elevated temperature persists for a long period;
There were complications after vaccination.

Consultation with an immunologist is also indicated after severe infections (meningitis, abscess, pneumonia, etc.) and long-term treatment with antibiotics.

Consultation stages

Consultation is the initial stage of diagnostic measures to identify disturbances in the functioning of the body’s immune system.

During the first consultation, the immunologist:

Examines the patient's medical history and clarifies complaints (during the conversation, the likelihood of the influence of a hereditary factor, diet and lifestyle, nature of the profession, etc. is clarified).
Conducts a general examination to identify skin changes and determine the condition of the mucous membranes and lymph nodes. Temperature, blood pressure, height and weight are also measured, external respiration is examined, etc.

Based on the results of the examination and medical history, the immunologist develops a plan for further examination of the patient.

Diagnostics

The immunologist refers the patient to:

immunogram, which is a comprehensive study of the main indicators of the immune system (number, functional ability and percentage of leukocytes, cellular immunity, humoral immunity, etc.);
skin testing with various types of allergens using the prick or prick method;
allergy test using special plates with allergens applied to them (detects contact allergic dermatitis to common allergens);
cytological examination of scrapings for fungi (scrapings are taken from the oral cavity and from the skin of the external auditory canal);
stool analysis, revealing dysbacteriosis and sensitivity to bacteriophages;
blood cultures, skin, nose, etc. to determine flora and sensitivity to antibiotics and bacteriophages;
comprehensive diagnosis of drug allergies (application, oral, prick or intradermal tests or TTEEL test);
determination of specific IgE to causally significant allergens;
accurate allergy diagnosis of food allergies using serum or blood plasma.

Based on the results of the examination, the immunologist prescribes treatment on an individual basis.

This doctor specializes in diagnosing immunopathologies.

Therefore, diagnosis consists of laboratory tests carried out to determine the patient’s immune status.

What tests are done by an immunologist?

To establish the level of immune reactivity of the body, a comprehensive immunological examination is carried out.

An immunogram is performed as the main laboratory test.

It allows you to determine the degree of activity of the immune system, its ability to protect the body from foreign agents.

This analysis makes it possible to assess the degree of the body's resistance to infections.

And also to identify deviations of the immune defense towards its excessive increase or a perverted fight against one’s own cells (in the case of autoimmune diseases).

What tests does an immunologist need?

To determine the patient’s immune status, various studies may be needed:

determining the number of activated leukocytes and their subpopulations,
circulating immune complexes,
phagocytic activity of leukocytes,
main classes of immunoglobulins,
C3 and C4 blood complement components,
interleukins level,
sensitivity of leukocytes to interferons, etc.

For immunological studies, peripheral blood from a vein is used.

For An accurate diagnosis may require the following: blood tests:

I. Determination of the number of active leukocytes. Such a study involves counting the number of T-, B- and NK-lymphocytes in the blood that have entered the cell cycle phase. It is carried out for recurrent infectious pathologies, autoimmune and tumor processes, in the postoperative period.

II.
Determination of phagocytic activity of leukocytes. Involves studying the ability of monocytes and neutrophils to phagocytose agents dangerous to the body. Such an analysis is necessary for long-term persistent infectious processes, autoimmune pathologies, cancer, and immunodeficiency states. The study is performed using flow cytometry using venous whole blood.

III.
Determination of immunoglobulin classes. An analysis of IgA levels involves calculating their total amount in the blood serum. The data obtained reflect the state of the immune system and local immune defense of the body. It is prescribed for suspected autoimmune pathologies, cancer, long-term infections and immunodeficiencies, as well as for the purpose of assessing the level of reactivity of the body in the period after operations. The analysis is carried out as part of a comprehensive immunological examination in order to establish the patient’s immune status.

Counting the IgG level is necessary in the same cases, especially, in particular, to identify the level of activity of the immune system when the body is repeatedly exposed to a certain unfavorable factor. IgM immunoglobulins play the role of the first markers of acute infectious inflammation; they are the first to enter the blood at the initial stage of the infectious-inflammatory process. Their detection in the blood serum means that the disease has arisen recently and is passing through an acute stage. IV. Determination of the CEC level. It involves establishing the level of immune complexes circulating in the blood. They are accumulations of immunoglobulins with antigens in high concentration. Most often, their formation is observed with a high degree of infection or sensitization of the body. Such analysis

may appoint what tests does an immunologist prescribe?, depends on the clinical picture of the disease, the intensity of symptoms, the age and gender of the patient.

Allergist-immunologist may prescribe tests, including determination of immune status and allergological profile.

This is necessary for diagnosing and monitoring allergic diseases and determining their level of severity.

To diagnose deviations in the body's immune defense - towards hyperreactivity (allergy), hyporeactivity (immunosuppression) or pathologically altered function (autoimmune pathologies).

Preparation for analysis should be as follows:

The day before your appointment, you should refrain from drinking alcohol and taking any medications.
The material for the study should be submitted on an empty stomach (at least 12 hours must pass after the last meal).
One day before blood sampling, it is necessary to avoid serious mental stress, and for half an hour - do not smoke.

What tests should you go to an immunologist for?

Setting off appointment When visiting this specialist, you must take with you the results of previous studies.

General clinical blood and urine tests, biochemistry of blood and urine, allergy panel, analysis for general and specific immunoglobulin E, etc.

What tests does an immunologist prescribe for a child??

To determine immune and allergy status children The same tests are prescribed for adults.

That is, an immunogram, which includes a number of specific tests and studies that help identify and clarify the intensity of allergies.

See a pediatric immunologist they rent out these tests, How

determination of the level of immunoglobulins of the main classes,
assessment of interferon status (reflects the body’s ability to prevent the development of viral infections),
counting activated leukocytes and determining their phagocytic activity.

The leukocyte formula is also calculated for the purpose of a detailed assessment of the morphological composition of the leukocyte population.

If you need to take immunity tests, please contact our medical center.

Allergic reactions to household, physical, volatile, and natural irritants occur in children and adults in different parts of the world. When the immune system malfunctions or a combination of negative factors increases the risk of a negative response with the manifestation of characteristic symptoms. Patients with hypersensitivity of the body are helped by an allergist-immunologist.

Who is this and what does a specialist doctor treat? What tests does the doctor prescribe to clarify the type and form of the allergic disease? What measures are effective for the prevention of respiratory, food, contact, and drug allergies? The answers are in the article.

Who is an allergist-immunologist?

The specialist deals with diseases associated with disruption of the immune system. A doctor must obtain a higher medical education.

An allergy is a reaction to a specific irritant. Important point: substances that are safe for most people cause negative symptoms of varying intensity and duration in patients with increased sensitization of the body.

The immune system reacts incorrectly to contact with foreign proteins and considers ordinary substances (,) “aggressors.” The immune reaction mechanism is triggered, inflammatory mediators are released, signs appear on the skin, eyes, nose, digestive tract, bronchi, and malfunctions of organs and systems occur. Only taking antihistamines suppresses the negative reaction and eliminates inflammation. To prevent relapses, it is important to follow the rules of prevention and reduce sensitization of the body.

Patients of all ages are seen by an adult and pediatric allergist-immunologist. In addition to standard knowledge about the causes, symptoms, nature of the course, methods of treatment and prevention of allergic diseases, a pediatric allergist has knowledge in the field of pediatrics. The doctor suggests rules for caring for the baby’s skin, adjusts the diet of the baby and artificial child, and explains the main mistakes that parents of children with allergies make.

Tasks of an allergist-immunologist:

conduct a conversation with the patient, examine an adult or child, find out the clinical picture of the suspected allergic disease;
prescribe tests, tests, skin tests to clarify the diagnosis;
identify the type of allergen;
clarify the form of the disease;
develop an optimal treatment regimen;
monitor the progress of treatment, advise the patient on all emerging issues;
after eliminating signs of allergy, recommend preventive measures;
adjust the diet taking into account the identified allergens;
select analogues of inappropriate medications when an acute reaction to certain medications is confirmed;
explain the rules for caring for your home, tell you the dangers of violating the rules for keeping pets;
give adults and parents whose children suffer from allergic diseases a memo listing the symptoms of the following forms of allergy: angioedema, generalized urticaria, fatal;
Explain the procedure to follow if signs of severe forms of allergies appear. Patients should know which reactions will require emergency treatment;
Conduct routine examinations of registered patients for timely detection of body sensitization, conduct educational work in their area.

What diseases does the specialist treat?

The therapist refers the adult or child to a specialist for treatment of the following pathologies:

allergic conjunctivitis;
angioedema;
medicinal, ;
hay fever;

When to see a doctor

Many people come late to see an allergist-immunologist because they do not know the symptoms of hay fever, urticaria, etc. Advanced stages are difficult to treat; in the chronic form of the pathology, exacerbations develop every few weeks.

It is important to know the main signs of allergies for timely diagnosis of the disease. Doctors recommend paying attention to the symptoms of common allergic diseases.

Bronchial asthma:

wheezing, noisy breathing;
frequent shortness of breath;
attacks of suffocation, more often at night;
dry, mucus does not leave the respiratory tract.

Hay fever, allergic rhinitis:

itching, burning in the nasal passages;
frequent sneezing;
swelling, congestion of the nasal passages;
accumulation of mucus in the nasopharynx;
thin, clear nasal discharge;
wheezing in the lungs;
shortness of breath, difficulty breathing;
nonproductive cough.

Allergic conjunctivitis:

hyperemia, itching of the eyelids and conjunctiva;
sensation of a foreign body in the eyes;
swelling in the eyelid area;
dry eye sclera;
in severe forms of the disease - decreased vision.
often accompanied by signs and.

Hives:

blisters: large, small or medium, the color of the formations is from light, with a red border to purple;
swelling of tissues;
less often when papules appear on the skin;
severe forms of the disease - generalized urticaria, or giant urticaria.

Drug and food allergies, dermatitis with pronounced skin manifestations:

rashes on various parts of the body: papules, small blisters with liquid, red spots of different sizes, blisters;
the skin turns red, dries out, itches, peels, in the acute stage, weeping develops, burst formations become covered with crusts;
abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, nausea, heartburn, vomiting.

Quincke's edema:

- a dangerous form of allergic reaction, the signs are life-threatening;
the face, eyelids, tongue, lips swell greatly;
swelling in the area of the palate and larynx provokes difficulty breathing, and in the absence of help leads to suffocation;
a “barking cough” develops, the voice is hoarse, shortness of breath is bothersome;
the epidermis around the mouth turns pale;
cold sweat appears;
diarrhea develops, vomiting often occurs;
pressure decreases.

On a note! With seasonal allergies, negative signs appear at a certain period: during the flowering of milkweed, alder, poplar, ragweed, and birch. In the year-round form of allergic diseases, irritants are constantly near the patient, negative symptoms appear at any time.

Diagnosis of allergic diseases

To identify the irritating substance and clarify the diagnosis, the doctor carries out:

examination of the patient, conversation, study of anamnesis;
: prick test, application method, provocations;
studying the function of external respiration to diagnose a dangerous disease -;
pulse oximetry;
spirography with bronchodilator response;
bronchoscopy;
specific allergy testing;
X-ray of the lungs and CT;
spirometry with a certain physical load.

What tests does the doctor prescribe?

To clarify the diagnosis, not only various types of diagnostics are needed, but also the study of biomaterial:

What and how to treat? Find out effective treatment options for adults and children.

The rules for using Avamis drops for the treatment of allergic rhinitis are described on the page.

Basic methods and directions of treatment

After diagnosis, the doctor develops a set of measures to relieve an acute reaction and prevent relapses. An important point is to reduce the sensitization of the body.

(classic, fast-acting and the latest generations with a prolonged effect);
moderate use during development;
give up bad habits, be less nervous, give moderate physical activity to improve the condition of blood vessels and the heart.

An allergist-immunologist is a doctor whose appointments are increasingly being visited by people of all ages. Many negative household, industrial, and environmental factors increase the risk of genetic predisposition to allergies. Negative reactions often develop with decreased immunity, frequent stress, and poor nutrition. If allergies are suspected in adults and children, the help of a qualified specialist who deals with problems of the immune system restores health and improves the quality of life.

Find out more about what a pediatric allergist treats and in what cases it is necessary to take your child to a specialist after watching the following video: